五年级上册 U1-2025小学英语词汇精讲（人教PEP版）

五上一unit1词汇讲义 一、单词精讲 1.old老的；年纪大的 音标：/ld/ 例句： 。课本例句：No,she is old.She is very kind.(不，她年纪大了。她非常和蔼。) 。拓展例句：My grandpa is old,but he still likes playing chess.(我爷爷年纪大了，但他还喜 欢下棋。) 常见短语：an old man(一位老人)、old books(I旧书)、an old house(一座老房子) 考法： ··考法1：反义词辨析（与young对比） 真题：()一-Is your music teacher young??一No,she is A.kind B.old C.funny 答案：B 。·考法2：首字母填空（结合语境补全单词） 真题：Theo woman often gives candies to us.答案：old 2.young年轻的：岁数不大的 音标：/j)1 例句： 。课本例句：Is he young??(他年轻吗？) 。拓展例句：The young man is full of energy..(这个年轻人充满活力。) 常见短语：young people(年轻人)、a young girl(一个年轻女孩)、young trees(小树) 考法： ··考法1：反义词配对（与old对应） 真题g:Match the words:young 答案：old 。·考法2：情景回答（描述人物特征） 真题：：-What's your new classmate like?-Heis (old的反义词)答案： young 1 3.funny滑稽的；可笑的 音标：/'fni/ 例句： 。课本例句：He's very funny.(他非常滑稽。) 。拓展例句：This funny story made us laugh.(这个滑稽的故事让我们发笑。) 常见短语：funny jokes(滑稽的笑话)、a funny movie(一部滑稽的电影)、funny faces(滑 稽的表情) 考法： 。·考法1：词汇运用（补全描述性句子） 真题g:My uncle tells。 stories.e all like to listen.答案：funny 。·考法2：感叹句改写（用How+形容词引导感叹句） 真题：The movie is funny.(改为感叹句)答案：How funny the movie is! 4.kind体贴的； 慈祥的； 宽容的 音标：/kaind/ 例句： 。课本例句：She's very kind.(她非常和蔼。) 。拓展例句：My mother is a kind woman.(我妈妈是个和蔼的女人。) 常见短语：be kind to(对…和蔼)、a kind heart(一颗善良的心)、kind words(亲切的话语) 考法： ··考法1：描述人物特征（根据描述选形容词） 真题g:What's your grandma like?She is_.A.kind B.strict C.shy答案：A 。·考法2：词汇运用（补全句子） 真题：：Our English teacher is very Ve all love her.答案：kind 5.strict要求严格的； 严厉的 音标：/strikt/ 例句： 。课本例句Is he strict?(他严厉吗？) 。拓展例句：Our headteacher is strict with us..(我们的班主任对我们要求很严格。) 常见短语。be strict with(对…要求严格)、be strict in(在…方面要求严格) 考法： 。·考法1：短语搭配(be strict with的运用) 真题g:Miss Wang is strict her students.A.inB.with O.at答案：B 。·考法2：选择题（结合转折语境选形容词） 真题g:()Mr.Liis_,but he is very nice.A.kind B.funny C.strict答案：C 2 6.polite有礼貌的；客气的 音标：/pe'lart/ 例句： 。课本例句gHe's polite.(他有礼貌。) 。拓展例句：You should be polite to others.(你应该对别人有礼貌。) 常见短语：be polite to(对…有礼貌)、polite behavior(礼貌的行为) 考法： ··考法1：词汇运用（补全句子） 真题：Our new classmate is very Everyone likes him.答案：polite 。·考法2：选择题（结合语境选形容词） 真题g:()The boy always says“Thank you?”.A.shyB.polite C.funny答案：B 7.hard-working工作努力的；辛勤的 音标：/，ha:d'w3:kIn/ 例句： 。课本例句：She's hard-working..(她工作很努力。) 。拓展例句My father is a hard-working man.(我爸爸是个工作努力的人。) 常见短语：a hard-working student(一个勤奋的学生) 考法： ··考法1：描述人物特征（根据描述选形容词） ::-What's your sister like?-She is.She always studies hard.A.shy B.hard -working C.funny答案：B 。·考法2：词汇运用（补全句子） 真题：Our monitor is very He helps the teacher a lot..答案：hard-working 8.helpful有用的； 愿意帮忙的 音标：/'helpfl/ 例句： 。课本例句：Is she helpful?(她愿意帮忙吗？) 。拓展例句：My little brother is very helpful at home.(我弟弟在家很愿意帮忙。) 常见短语：be helpful to（对…有帮助) 考法： 。·考法1：词汇运用（补全句子） 真题：Our neighbor is very He often helps us carry things.答案：helpful 。·考法2：选择题（结合语境选形容词） 真题：()The__girl always helps her classmates..A.shyB.helpful C.strict答案：B 3 9.clever聪明的； 聪颖的 音标：/'kIev(r)/ 例句： 。课本例句：He's clever.(他很聪明。) 。拓展例句：The clever boy solved the difficult problem quickly.(这个聪明的男孩很快就解 决了难题。) 常见短语：a clever idea(一个聪明的主意) 考法： 。·考法1：描述人物特征（根据描述选形容词） -What's your pet dog like?-It is.It can do many tricks.A.shy B.clever C. funny答案：B 。·考法2：词汇运用（补全句子） 真题：My little sister is very She can read many books.答案：clever 10.shy羞怯的；腼腆的； 怕生的 音标：jar/ 例句： 。课本例句：She'sshy.(她很腼腆。) 。拓展例句：The shy girl doesn't like to talk to strangers.(这个腼腆的女孩不喜欢和陌生人 说话。) 常见短语：a shy smile(羞涩的微笑) 考法 。·考法1：描述人物特征（根据描述选形容词） 真题：-What's your new classmate liket？-She is.She doesn't say much.A.shy B.helpful C.strict答案：A ··考法2：词汇运用（补全句子） 真题：：The boy always hides behind his mother.答案：shy 11.know知道；了解 音标：/na心/ 例句： 。课本例句：Do you know Mr..Young?(你认识杨先生吗？) 。拓展例句：I know the answer.(我知道答案。) 常见短语：know about(了解) 考法： 。·考法1：一般疑问句回答(Do you know.) 真题g:一Do you know Miss Green? 答案：Yes,Ido 。·考法2：词汇运用（补全句子） 真题： a lot about animals.答案：know 12.our我们的 音标：/'aa()1 例句： 。课本例句：our new PE teacher is tall..(我们的新体育老师很高。) 。拓展例句：our school is very beautiful..(我们的学校非常漂亮。) 常见短语：our classroom(我们的教室) 考法： ··考法1：词汇运用（补全句子） 真题： teacher is very friendly.答案：Our 。·考法2：选择题（结合语境选代词） 真题：() family has a big garden.A.WeB.OurC.Us答案：B 13.wii将要 音标：/w1 例句： 。课本例句：He will be our new Chinese teacher..(他将成为我们的新语文老师。) 。拓展例句：I will go to the park tomorrow.(我明天将去公园。) 常见短语：will do sth..(将要做某事) 考法： 。·考法1：一般将来时句子运用(w+动词原形) 真题g:She__visit her grandparents next week.答案：wil ··考法2：选择题（结合语境选情态动词） 真题：()They have a party tonight.A.will B.areC.do答案：A 14.sometimes有时；间或 音标：/'sAmtaImz/ 例句： 。课本例句：sometimes he's very quiet.(有时他很安静。) 。拓展例句：sometimes I read books in the evening.(有时我晚上看书。) 常见短语：sometimes do sth.(有时做某事) 考法： ··考法1：词汇运用（补全句子） 真题： ,I go to the library on Sundays.答案：Sometimes ··考法2：选择题（结合语境选副词） 真题：()】 she is happy,and sometimes she is sad.A.Sometimes B.Always C.Never 答案：A 15.him (pron.)他 音标：/hrm/ 例句： 。课本例句：I know him.(我认识他。) 。拓展例句Let's help him.(让我们帮助他。) 常见短语：help him(帮助他) 考法： 。·考法1：宾格运用（作宾语） 真题：：Ve all like 答案：him ··考法2：选择题（结合语境选宾格） 真题s:()Can you see ?A.heB.himC.his答案：B 16.speak说话；讲话 音标：1spik/ 例句： 。课本例句：He can speak Chinese.(他会说中文。) 。拓展例句：Please speak loudly.(请大声说话。) 常见短语：speak English(说英语)、speak to sb.(和某人说话) 考法： 。·考法1：词汇运用（补全句子） 真题：My little brother can__ some words.答案：speak 。·考法2：选择题（结合语境选动词） 真题：()Can you French?A.sayB.speak C.tel答案：B 17.finish完成；做好 音标：/'n/ 例句： 。课本例句：ll finish my homework..(我将完成我的作业。) 。拓展例句：He finished his dinner quickly.(他很快吃完了晚饭。) 常见短语：finish doing sth.(完成做某事) 考法： 。·考法1：词汇运用（补全句子） 真题：Ican_my project today.答案：finish ··考法2：选择题（结合语境选动词） 真题：()She will her drawing soon..A.finish B.start C.do答案：A 二、词汇运用 1.根据所给词适当形式填空 1.My teacher is very (kind) 2.The (funny)man is our new PE teacher. 3.They_ (know)the way to the park 4.Our headteacher(be)strict. 5.She is a (hard-working)girl. 6.This (helpful)boy often helps others 7.We (will)go to the zoo tomorrow. 8.The (polite)boy greets the guests. 9.My grandfather is (old). 10. (our)school is beautiful. 2.首字母填空 Our new teacher is not o1. She is y 2 and k 3.She is also very f4.She often tells us funny stories.Sometimes she is s5 when we make mistakes.Tom is a h6 boy.He studies very hard.Lily is p7.She always greets others politely.Do you k 8our teacher?We all love o_9 class with her. 7 3.根据提示补全句子 1.Our teacher is very old.He is (比我们大很多)： 2.The young boy is active.He (讲有趣的故事)tous. 3.The kind lady is always (对孩子们和蔼)。 4.Our strict father (对我要求严格)in my study.. 5.The polite girl (对她的邻居有礼貌)： 6.The hard-working student (每天完成他的任务)on time. 7.We (认识那个聪明的男孩)very wel, 8.Sometimes the shy girl (和她的朋友说话)quietly.. 三、完形填空 完形填空 My classmate Tom has a new teacher.We 1 nothing about him at first.But after a few days,we 2 him well.He is not 3.He is 4and full of energy.He always has 5ideas,which makes his classes lively.He is very 6to us.When we have difficulties,he always helps us.But when we make mistakes,he can be 7.He is also very 8.He often stays up late to prepare lessons.We all like him very much.( ()1.A.know B.speak C.finish ( ()2.A.know B.speak C.finish ( ()3.A.young B.old C.funny ( ()4.A.young B.strict C.shy ( ()5.A.strict B.funny C.shy() ()6.A.kind B.strict C.old() ()7.A.kind B.funny C.strict() ()8.A.hard-working B.clever C.funny 8 参考答案 参考答案 词汇运用答案： 根据所给词适当形式填空：1.kind2.funny3.know4.is5.hard6.helpful7.will8.polite 9.old 10.Our 首字母填空：1.old2.young3.kind4.funny5.strict6.hard-working7.polite8.know 9.our 根据提示补全句子：1.much2.tells3.kind4.is5.is6.finishes7.know8.speaks 完形填空答案： 答案：1.A2.A3.B4.A5.B6.A7.C8.A 四、笔记改错专栏 请在此处记录学习笔记 (可以写下不会的单词、容易错的题目、学习心得等) 9