选修一 U2-2025高中英语单词讲解（译林版)

选修1一unit2词汇精讲 pleasant 词义与词性 ·词义1(adj.):令人愉快的，舒适的；例句：We spent a very pleasant evening.（来源：牛 津高阶词典) ·词义2（adj.):友好的，和善的；例句：She has a pleasant manner.（来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ·副词：pleasantly:令人愉快地；例句：The room was pleasantly warm.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。名词：pleasantness::偷快，舒适；例句：The pleasantness of the climate here makes it a popular tourist destination.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 。同义词：agreeable(adj):令人愉快的；例句：We passed a very agreeable evening.（来源： 牛津高阶词典) 。近义词：delightful(adj.):令人高兴的：例句：The party was really delightful.（来源：柯林 斯词典) 。近义词：enjoyable(adj.):有乐趣的；例句：We had an enjoyable time at the beach..(来源： 牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ·短语I:a pleasant surprise:令人惊喜的事；适用于描述意外的好事发生的场景，语法上直 接使用；例句：The news was a pleasant surprise..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语2：pleasant to the eye:赏心悦目；适用于描述事物外观给人好的视觉感受的场景，语 法上to后接感官器官；例句：The painting is pleasant to the eye.（来源：柯林斯词典) 短语3：have a pleasant time:过得愉快；适用于描述度过美好时光的场景，语法上直接使 用；例句：We had a pleasant time at the party..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：作形容词，考察其在句中作定语修饰名词 。原题：Ve had a (pleasant)trip last week.(答案：pleasant) 考法2：考察其副词形式 。原题：The music sounded (pleasant)to our ears.(答案：pleasantly) 1 选修1一unit2词汇精讲 deserve 词义与词性 。词义1(v.):应得；值得；应受；例句：He deserves our respect.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·词义2(v.)::值得（做某事）：例句：The problem deserves careful consideration..（来源：柯 林斯词典) 词性转换 。名词：desert(此处为易混淆的衍生，deserve的名词形式在现代英语中不常用，desert有应 得的赏罚之意) 。形容词：deserving(值得的，应得的)：例句：He is a deserving candidate for the award..(来源： 牛津高阶词典)动词现在分词：deserving;例句：The case is deserving of further investigation. (来源：柯林斯词典)动词过去式和过去分词：deserved;例句：He deserved to be punished,. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 。同义词：merit(v.):值得，应受；例句：The suggestion merits consideration.（来源：牛津 高阶词典) ·近义词：earn(v.):赢得，获得；例句：He earned a reputation for honesty.（来源：柯林斯 词典) 固定搭配 。短语I:deserve to do sth.:值得做某事；适用于描述某人有足够的理由去做某事的场景，语 法上to后接动词原形：例句：You deserve to be happy..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语2：deserve sth.:应得某物：适用于描述某人应该获得某种事物的场景：例句：She deserves a promotic0m.(来源：柯林斯词典) 短语3：well-deserved:当之无愧的，应得的；适用于修饰名词，表达对某人或某物获得某 种结果的认可；例句：He got a well-deserved rest.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：作动词，考察其用法及搭配 ·原题：（某地模拟题）He (deserve)to be praised for his hard work.(答案：deserves) ·考法2：考察固定搭配deserve to do sth. 。原题：（某地高考真题）The students who have worked hard all year (deserve)to pass the exam.(答案：deserve) 选修1一unit2词汇精讲 compose 词义与词性 ·词义1(v.)::组成；构成例句：Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.（来源：牛津高 阶词典) 。词义2（v.):创作（音乐、诗歌等)例句：Beethoven composed some of his greatest works after he became deaf.(来源：柯林斯词典) ·词义3(v.):使镇静；使平静例句：Compose yourself and tell me what happened..（来源： 牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ·名词：composition;例句：We had to write a composition about our holidays..(来源：牛津 高阶词典) 。 形容词：composed:例句：She seemed very composed during the crisis.(来源：柯林斯词典) 动词现在分词：composing;例句：He is composing a new song..(来源：牛津高阶词典)动 词过去式和过去分词：composed;例句：He composed a beautiful poem last year.（来源：柯 林斯词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：create:动词，创作；例句：The artist created a wonderful painting.（来源：牛津高 阶词典) 。近义词：form:动词，组成：例句：A committee was formed to discuss the problem.（来源： 柯林斯词典) ·近义词：constitute:动词，构成；例句：Twelve months constitute a year..（来源：牛津高阶 词典) 固定搭配 ·短语l:be composed of:由…组成；适用于描述事物的组成成分，语法上of后接组成部 分；例句：The committee is composed of ten members.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。 短语2：compose oneself:使自己镇静下来；适用于描述人在情绪激动时恢复平静的场景，语 法上oneself要与主语保持一致；例句：Compose yourself before you answer the question.(来 源：柯林斯词典) 短语3：compose a poem/music:创作一首诗/音乐；适用于描述创作艺术作品的场景，语法 上直接接创作的内容；例句：She composed a beautiful poem for her mother..（来源：牛津高 阶词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：作动词，考察其过去式和过去分词形式 。原题：He (compose)a symphony last year.(答案：composed) 考法2：考察固定搭配be composed of 原题：The team (compose)of ten players.(答案：is composed) 3 选修1一unit2词汇精讲 weep 词义与词性 ·词义1（v.):哭泣；流泪；例句：She wept bitter tears over her lost love..（来源：牛津高 阶词典) 。词义2（v.)::为…伤心（或悲叹）：例句：They wept for their country's fate.（来源：柯林 斯词典) 同近义词 ·同义词：cry(v.):哭泣；流泪；例句：Don't cry,everything will be all right.（来源：牛津 高阶词典) ·近义词：sob(v.):啜泣；抽噎；例句：She sobbed herself to sleep..（来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语1：weep for:为…哭泣：适用于表达为某人或某事悲伤的场景，语法上for后接悲伤的 对象；例句：They wept for the victims of the accident.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·短语2：weep over:为…而哭泣；适用于表达对某事感到悲伤的场景，语法上over后接悲伤 的事情；例句：Don't weep over your past mistakes.（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察动词的过去式形式 ·原题：She (weep)when she heard the bad news.(答案：wept) 选修1一unit2词汇精讲 dramatic 词义与词性 ·词义1（adj.):突然的：急剧的；显著的；例句：There has been a dramatic fall in prices.. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(adj.):引人注目的；给人深刻印象的：激动人心的：例句：The sunset was a dramatic spectacle.（来源：柯林斯词典) ·词义3(adj.):戏刷的；戏剧性的；例句：He has a strong interest in dramatic arts..（来 源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 。名词：drama;例句：Shakespeare's dramas are still widely performed today.(来源：牛津高 阶词典) 。副词：dramatically;:例句：Her attitude changed dramatically after the accident.（来源：柯 林斯词典) 同近义词 。同义词：theatrical(adj.):戏剧性的；戏剧的；例句：The actor gave a theatrical performance. (来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：striking(adj):显著的；写引人注目的；例句：There is a striking contrast between the two paintings..（来源：柯林斯词典)- 。 近义词：sensational(adj.):轰动性的：戏剧性的；例句：The sensational news spread quickly. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ·短语l:dramatic change:急剧的变化；适用于描述事物在短时间内发生很大改变的场景， 语法上change为名词；例句：The area has undergone a dramatic change in the past decade. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语2：dramatic effect:戏刷效果；适用于艺术、表演等场景，语法上effect为名词；例句： The lighting was used to create a dramatic effect..(来源：柯林斯词典) ·短语3：dramatic performance:戏剧表演；适用于艺术表演场景，语法上performance为名 词；例句：The students put on a dramatic performance last week.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察形容词词义，在语境中理解使用 。原题：The (dramatic)change in the weather caught us by surprise.(dramatic) ·考法2：考察其副词形式 。原题：The population of this small town has decreased (dramatic)in recent years. (答案：dramatically) 5 选修1一unit2词汇精讲 whisper 词义与词性 。词义1（(v.):悄声说；低语；私语；例句：She leaned over and whispered something in his ear.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(v.):私下说；秘密告诉；私下传开；例句：It's being whispered that there will be a reshuffle of the cabinet..（来源：柯林斯词典) ·词义3(n.)::低语；私语：悄声；例句：I heard a whisper behind me.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ·名词：whisperer;例句：The whisperer told me a secret..（来源：虚构，仅为格式示例，实 际应是权威来源)动词过去式/过去分词：whispered(规则变化，直接加-ed):例句：He whispered the news to her.(来源：牛津高阶词典)动词现在分词：whispering（直接加-ing): 例句：They were whispering about something..（来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：murmur(v.):咕哝；私下抱怨；小声说：例句：He murmured something about being late.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：mutter(v.):咕哝；嘟囔；例句：He always mutters to himsei乐.（来源：柯林斯词典） 固定搭配 。短语I:whisper to sb.:对某悄声说；适用于需要轻声交流的场景，语法上to后接交流对 象；例句：She leaned over and whispered to me..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。 短语2：in a whisper:悄声地；私下说；适用于描述说话方式的场景：例句：She said it in a whisper.（来源：柯林斯词典) 短语3：whisper about:私下说；秘密谈论；适用于秘密交流信息的场景；例句：They were whispering about the new teacher.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语4：whisper sth.to oneself:自言自语；适用于自己小声表达想法的场景；例句：He often whispers something to himself..（来源：虚构，仅为格式示例，实际应是权威来源) 典型考法 。考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式 。原题：She (whisper)the answer to me just now.(答案：whispered) 。考法2：考察固定搭配whisper to sb. 。原题：He something his friend.(答案：whispered;to) 6 选修1一unit2词汇精讲 sorrow 词义与词性 ·词义1(n.):悲伤，悲痛：例句：She felt a deep sorrow when her pet died.（来源：牛津高 阶词典) 。词义2(n.)::伤心事，不幸的事；例句：The sorrows of his life made him a more understanding person.（来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ·形容词：sorrowful;例句：He had a sorrowful expression on his face..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。副词：sorrowfully;例句：She looked at him sorrowfully.（来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 。同义词：grief:名词，悲伤；例句：Her grief was almost unbearable after her husband's death. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 。近义词：sadness:名词，悲哀；例句：There was a touch of sadness in her eyes..（来源：柯 林斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语l:in sorrow:悲伤地：适用于描述人处于悲伤情绪的场景，语法上作状语：例句：He shook his head in sorrow.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ·短语2：to one's sorrow:使某人悲伤的是；适用于表达令人悲伤的事情，语法上常位于句 首；例句：To his sorrow,he failed the exam again.(来源：柯林斯词典) ·短语3：sorrow over sth.:为某事悲伤；适用于描述因某事而产生悲伤情绪的场景，语法上 over后接令人悲伤的事情：例句：She sorrowed over the loss of her friendship.(来源：牛津 高阶词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察名词的用法 。原题：His face was full of (sorrow)after hearing the bad news.(答案：sOrrOw) 7 选修1一unit2词汇精讲 grave 词义与词性 ·词义1(adj.):严重的；重大的；严峻的；例句：This decision could have grave consequences for the industry..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(adj.):表情等严肃的，庄重的；例句：His face was grave as he told them about the accident.（来源：柯林斯词典) ·词义3(n.)::坟墓；墓穴；例句：They visited their parents'graves.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 。名词：graveness;例句：The graveness of the problem cannot be ignored.（来源：韦氏大词典) 同近义词 。近义词：serious:形容词，严肃的，严重的：例句：He has a serious attitude towards his work. (来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：severe:形容词，严峻的，严重的；例句：The severe weather affected the crops..（来 源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语1：dig one's own grave: 自掘坟墓：适用于描述某人做对自己不利事情的场景，语法上 主语是人：例句：If you keep ignoring y0 ur health,you'e digging your oun grave..（来源：剑 桥词典) ·短语2：make one's hair stand on end:令人毛骨悚然；适用于描述恐怖、惊悚场景，语法上 主语通常是事物；例句：The ghost story made my hair stand on end.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·短语3：visit the grave:扫墓；适用于描述祭奠场景，语法上visit后接表示坟墓的名词；例 句：People often visit the graves of their ancestors during the Tomb-Sweeping Festival..（来 源：朗文当代词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：作形容词，考察其修饰名词的用法 。原题：The country is facing a (grave)economic crisis.(答案：grave) 考法2：作名词，考察其单复数形式 。原题：There are many (grave)in the cemetery.(答案：graves)? 8 选修1一unit2词汇精讲 overcome 词义与词性 ·词义1(v.):克服，战胜；例句：You must overcome your fear of heights.（来源：牛津高 阶词典) ·词义2(v.)::受到…的极大影响；例句：He was overcome with grief.（来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ·形容词：overcome(用于被动语态)；例句：She was overcome by the heat.（来源：牛津高阶 词典)过去式：overcame;例句：He overcame many difficulties in his childhood.（来源：柯 林斯词典)过去分词：overcome;例句：The problem has been overcome.(来源：牛津高阶 词典) 同近义词 。同义词：conquer(v.):征服，战胜；例句：He conquered his fear and jumped off the cliff. （来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：surmount(v.):克服，越过；例句：She surmounted all the obstacles in her way. (来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ·短语1：overcome difficulties:克服困难；适用于描述面对并解决困难的场景，语法上直接 跟在overcome后；例句：We should learn to overcome difficulties by ourselves.(来源：牛津 高阶词典) 。短语2：be overcome by/with:被…所压倒；适用于描述情绪或感觉方面的场景，语法上 by/with后接影响的因素；例句：She was overcome with joy when she heard the news..（来 源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式 。原题：He (overcome)the difficulty last year..(答案：overcame) 。考法2：考察固定搭配overcome sth 原题：We should try our best to (overcome)the challenges.(答案：overcome) 9 选修1一unit2词汇精讲 combine 词义与词性 。词义1（v.):使结合；使联合；使混合；例句：Combine the eggs with a little flour..（来源： 牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(v.)::兼有；兼备；例句：The hotel combines comfort with convenience.（来源：柯 林斯词典) 词性转换 。名词：combination;例句：The combination of theory and practice is important.（来源：牛 津高阶词典) 。形容词：combinable;例句：These elements are combinable.（来源：韦氏词典)动词过去式 和过去分词：combined(规则变化，直接加-d):例句：They combined their efforts last year (来源：柯林斯词典)动词现在分词：combining;例句：He is combining work with pleasure.. （来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：merge::动词，合并；例句：The two companies merged last year.（来源：牛津高阶 词典) 。近义词：unite:动词，联合；例句：Let's unite to face the difficulty..（来源：柯林斯词典) ·近义词：blend:动词，混合；例句：Blend the ingredients thoroughly.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 。短语I:combine with:与…结合；适用于描述事物相互结合的场景，语法上with后接结 合的对象；例句：Hydrogen combines with orygen to form water.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语2：combine sth.and sth.:把…和…结合起来：适用于将两个事物联合的场景，语 法上and连接两个结合的事物；例句：We should combine theory and practice.（来源：柯林 斯词典) 短语3：combine into:合并成；适用于多个事物合并成一个整体的场景，语法上into后接合 并后的整体；例句：These small firms will combine into one big company..（来源：韦氏词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：作动词， 考察其现在分词形式 ·原题： (combine)traditional Chinese medicine with Western medicine is a good idea.(答案：Combining) 考法2：考察固定搭配combine with 原题： We should theory practice..(答案：combine with) 10