必修一 U4-2025高中英语单词讲解（译林版)

必修1unit4词汇精讲 yogurt 词义与词性 。词义1（n.)::酸奶；酸乳酪；例句：I like to have yogurt for breakfast.（来源：牛津高阶 词典) 同近义词 ·同义词：yoghurt(n.):酸奶：酸乳酪例句：She bought a carton of yoghurt.（来源：柯林斯 词典) 固定搭配 ·短语I:fruit yogurt:水果酸奶；适用于描述食品种类的场景，语法上直接用名词修饰名词； 例句：I prefer fruit yogurt to plain one.（来源：剑桥词典） 。 短语2：yogurt drink:酸奶饮品；适用于描述饮品类型的场景，语法上用名词修饰名词；例 句：This yogurt drink is very popular among kids.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 必修1unit4词汇精讲 faint 词义与词性 ·词义1(adj.):微弱的；模糊的：暗谈的：例句：He could just make out a faint shape in the darkness.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2（v.):昏厥；晕倒：例句：She fainted at the sight of blood.（来源：柯林斯词典) ·词义3(n.):昏厥；昏倒；例句：She had a faint after the bad news.（来源：韦氏词典) 词性转换 。形容词：fainter(比较级)；faintest(最高级)；例句：This signal is fainter than that one.（来 源：朗文当代词典) 。副词：faintly:例句：He smiled faintly.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。名词：fainting;例句：Fainting is a common symptom in some medical conditions.(来源： 柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ·同义词：feeble(adj.):微弱的：虚弱的：例句：He gave a feeble smile.(来源：牛津高阶 词典) ·近义词：swoon（v.):昏厥；例句：She swooned at the sight of the dead bod.（来源：柯林 斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语I:faint with sth.:因…而昏厥：适用于描述人因某种原因而晕倒的场景，语法上with 后接导致昏厥的原因；例句：She fainted with hunger.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。 短语2：grow faint::逐渐失去知觉：适用于描述人的身体状态逐渐变差直至晕倒的场景；例 句：He grew faint after a long-time running.（来源：韦氏词典） 短语3：a faint hope:一线希望；适用于描述事情还有一点点成功可能性的场景；例句：There is still a faint hope that we can win.（来源：朗文当代词典) 短语4：faint away:昏过去；适用于描述人突然失去意识的场景；例句：She fainted away hen she heard the terrible noise..（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：作动词，考察其过去式和过去分词形式 ·原题：She (faint)when she saw the snake.(答案fainted) ● 考法2：考察固定搭配faint with sth. 。原题：The old man (faint)） heat.(答案：fainted;:with) 必修1unit4词汇精讲 skip 词义与词性 ·词义1（v.):蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳；例句：The children skipped along the street.（来源：牛 津高阶词典) ·词义2(v.)::不做；不参加；跳过；例句：She decided to skip breakfast..（来源：柯林斯词典) ·词义3（v.):快速转移；快速翻阅；例句：He skipped through the book quickly.(来源：牛 津高阶词典) 词性转换 。名词：skipper(船长；队长等)：例句：The skipper gave the orders.（来源：柯林斯词典)动 词过去式和过去分词：skipped;例句：He skipped rope yesterday..（来源：随便举例)动词现 在分词：skipping;例句：The girls are skipping in the playground..（来源：随便举例) 同近义词 ·近义词：hop:动词，单足跳跃；例句：The rabbit hopped away.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：jump:动词，跳；例句：He can jump very high.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 。短语I:skip over:跳过；适用于跳过某事物的场景，语法上over后接跳过的内容；例句： You can skip over this boring part.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·短语2：skip class:逃课；适用于学生不参加课程的场景，语法上skip后接课程；例句：He often skips class..（来源：随便举例) 。短语3：skip breakfast/lunch/dinner:不吃早饭/午饭/晚饭：适用于描述饮食情况的场景， 语法上skip后接三餐；例句：Don't skip breakfast.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 。考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式 。原题：He (skip)over the difficult part of the text.skipped) 考法2：考察固定搭配skip sth. 。原题：You can this question if you don't know the answer.(答案：skip) 3 必修1unit4词汇精讲 sex 词义与词性 ·词义1(n.):性别；性例句：What's your sex?（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(n.):性行为；性交例句：The film is full of sex and violence.（来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ·形容词：sexual;例句：Serual harassment is a serious issue in the workplace.（来源：牛津 高阶词典) 同近义词 。近义词：gender:名词，性别；例句：Gender equality is an important goal.（来源：牛津高 阶词典) 固定搭配 ·短语l:sex education:性教育；适用于教育相关场景，语法上作名词短语；例句：Schools should provide proper sex education.（来源：柯林斯词典) ·短语2：of the opposite sex:异性；适用于描述人际关系场景，语法上of后接opposite sex; 例句：She has many friends of the opposite sex.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察名词单复数，一般用单数 。原题：Ve should not discriminate based on (sex).(答案：sex) 必修1unit4词汇精讲 immediately 词义与词性 。词义1(adv.):立刻，马上；例句：He answered the phone immediately.(来源：牛津高阶 词典) 。词义2（conj.)::一…就…：例句：Immediately I saw him,I knew something was wrong.. (来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 。形容词：immediate;例句：He demands immediate attention.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：instantly:副词，立刻；例句：He replied instanth以.（来源：牛津高阶词典） ·近义词：directly:副词，立即；例句：I'll come directly.（来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语I:immediately after:在…之后立刻；适用于描述时间先后顺序，语法上after后接 时间点或事件；例句：He called me immediately after he got home.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语2：not immediately:并非立刻：适用于表达事情不是马上发生，语法上用于否定句： 例句：The problem won't be solved not immediately.（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：作副词，考察在句子中的位置 。原题：She left (immediate)after the meeting.（答案：immediately) 。 考法2：考察作连词引导时间状语从句 。原题： (immediate)he arrived,he started to work.(答案：Immediately) 必修1unit4词汇精讲 concentrate 词义与词性 。词义1(v.):集中（注意力、精力等）：专心；例句：You should concentrate on your work. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(v.):使集中（或集合、聚集）：例句：concentrate one's forces（来源：牛津高阶 词典) 。词义3(v.):浓缩：例句：concentrate fruit juice（来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 。名词：concentration;例句：We should improve our concentration in cla.ss.（来源：牛津高 阶词典) 形容词：concentrated;例句：a concentrated effort（来源：柯林斯词典)动词现在分词： concentrating;例句：He is concentrating on his study..(来源：牛津高阶词典)动词过去 式和过去分词：concentrated;例句：She concentrated on her painting yesterday.（来源：柯 林斯词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：focus:动词，集中；例句：You need to focus your attention on this problem.（来 源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：center:动词，集中；例句：All his attention centered on the beautiful girl.（来源： 柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ·短语I:concentrate on:集中注意力于；专心于；适用于描述专注于某事的场景，语法上on 后接专注的对象：例句：You must concentrate on your driving.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语2：concentrate one's attention on:把注意力集中在…上；适用于强调注意力集中的场 景，语法上on后接注意力的对象：例句：Please concentrate your attention on this question, (来源：柯林斯词典) 短语3：concentrate sth.into sth.:把…浓缩成；适用于描述浓缩物品的场景，语法上 into后接浓缩后的物品；例句：They concentrated the ore into metal..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：作动词，考察其现在分词形式 。原题：Heis (concentrate)on his book.(答案：concentrating) 。考法2：考察固定搭配concentrate on 。原题：We should our lessons.(答案：concentrate on) 必修1unit4词汇精讲 percent 词义与词性 。词义1（n.)::百分之…；例句：A large percent of the earth's surface is covered by water. (来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ·形容词：percentage;例句：What percentage of the students passed the exam?（来源：牛津 高阶词典) 同近义词 ·同义词：per cent:名词，百分之；例句：Omly10 per cent of the population voted.（来 源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 。短语1：a hundred percent:百分之百；完全地；适用于强调程度的场景，语法上可作状语： 例句：I'mn a hiundred percent in agreement with you.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语2：percent of:…的百分之；适用于描述比例的场景，语法上of后接被描述的对 象；例句：Thirty percent of the apples are bad..（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察其拼写 。原题：About thirty (percent)of the students in our class wear glasses.(答案： percent) 7 必修1unit4词汇精讲 extreme 词义与词性 。词义1(adj.):极端的，极度的：例句：The extreme heat made it difficult to work outside. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(adj.):尽头的，末端的：例句：He lives at the extreme end of the street..（来源： 柯林斯词典) 。词义3（n.):极端；例句：You should avoid going to extremes..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ·副词：extremely:例句：The movie is extremely interesting..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ·同义词：utmost(adj.):极度的，最大程度的：例句：We must use our utmost efforts to finish this task..（来源：柯林斯词典) ·近义词：excessive（adj.):过度的；例句：Excessive drinking is harmful to health.（来源：牛 津高阶词典) 固定搭配 。短语I:in the extreme:极其，非常；适用于强调程度的场景，语法上常作状语；例句：He was angry in the extreme.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·短语2：go to extremes:走极端；适用于描述行为过度的场景，语法上作谓语；例句：Don't g0 to extremes in your views.（来源：柯林斯词典) 短语3：extreme sports:极限运动；适用于体育相关场景，语法上作名词短语；例句：Many young people like extreme sports.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察形容词词义 。原题：The (extreme)cold weather made many people sick.(答案：extreme) 考法2：考察副词形式 原题：The problem is (extreme)difficult to solve.(答案：extremely) 8 必修1unit4词汇精讲 slim 词义与词性 ·词义1（adj.):苗条的；纤细的：修长的：例句：She's always had a slim figure.（来源：牛 津高阶词典) 。词义2(adj.)::微薄的：不足的：少的：例句：They have only a slim chance of winning. (来源：柯林斯词典) 。词义3(v.):(通过节食、运动等)变苗条；减肥；例句：I'm trying to slim.（来源：牛津 高阶词典) 同近义词 ·同义词：thin(adj):瘦的；例句：He is too thin.（来源：牛津高阶词典)- ·近义词：slender(adj.):苗条的；修长的：例句：She has a slender build.（来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ·短语1：slim down:变苗条；减肥：适用于描述减肥的场景，语法上为不及物短语；例句： You need to slim down if you want to be healthier..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语2：a slim chance:渺茫的机会；适用于描述机会很少的场景，语法上slim修饰chance; 例句：He has a slim chance of getting the job.（来源：柯林斯词典) 。 短语3：slim figure:苗条的身材：适用于描述人的身材状况，语法上slim修饰figure;例句： She is proud of her slim figure.（来源：自编合理例句) 典型考法 。考法1：作形容词，考察其比较级形式 ·原题：She is (slim)than her sister.(答案：slimmer) 考法2：考察固定搭配slim down 原题：He decided to by going on a diet.(答案：slim down) 9 必修1unit4词汇精讲 concerned 词义与词性 。词义1(adj.)::担心的，忧虑的；例句：We'e all concerned about her safety..（来源：牛 津高阶词典) 。词义2(adj.):有关的，相关的；例句：All concerned must work together.（来源：柯林斯 词典) 词性转换 ·动词：concern ● 名词：concern 。形容词：concerned ·副词：concernedly;例句：She looked at him concernedh.（来源：韦氏词典) 同近义词 。近义词：worried:形容词，担心的；例句：He was worried about his exam results.（来源：牛 津高阶词典) ·近义词：anxious:形容词，忧虑的；例句：She was anxious about her future..（来源：柯林 斯词典) ·近义词：related:形容词，相关的：例句：This book is related to science.（来源：牛津高阶 词典) 固定搭配 。短语I:be concerned about:担心，关心；适用于表达对某人或某事的担忧场景，语法上 about后接担心的对象：例句：Parents should be concerned about their children's education. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语2：as far as..be concerned:就…而言；适用于表达个人观点场景，语法上be动词随 主语变化；例句：As far as I'm concerned,this plan is not good.（来源：柯林斯词典) 。 短语3：concerned with:与…有关；适用于描述事物之间关联的场景，语法上with后接 相关的事物；例句：This article is concerned with environmental protection.（来源：牛津高 阶词典) 典型考法 。考法l:考察固定搭配be concerned about 。原题：She is (concern)about her son's health.(答案：concerned) 考法2：作形容词，考察其在句中作定语的用法 原题：The (concern)people held a meeting.(答案：concerned) 10