选修一 U2-2025高中英语单词讲解（外研版）

选修1一unit2词汇精讲 debt 词义与词性 。词义1(n.):债；债务；欠款例句：He's deeply in debt..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(n.):情义；恩情例句：I owe a debt of gratitude to all my family.（来源：柯林斯 词典) 词性转换 ·形容词：indebted:表示感激的：负债的例句：I'm indebted to you for your help.（来源：牛 津高阶词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：liability（n.):债务；负债例句：The company's liabilities exceed its assets.(来源： 柯林斯词典) 近义词：obligation(n.):债务；义务例句：You have an obligation to pay your debts.(来源： 牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ·短语I:in debt:负债：欠账；适用于描述个人或组织财务状况不佳的场景，语法上直接使 用：例句：He got in debt by buying things he didn't need.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。 短语2：out of debt:不欠债；还清债务；适用于描述债务还清后的状态，语法上直接使用； 例句：It took him years to get out of debt.(来源：柯林斯词典) 。短语3：owe sb.a debt:欠某人的人情：适用于表达感激之情的场景，语法上sb.为所欠人 情的对象；例句：I owe you a debt for all your help.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语4：run into debt:开始欠债；陷入债务；适用于描述开始出现债务问题的场景，语法 上直接使用；例句：He ran into debt after losing his job..(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察固定搭配in debt 。原题：Many people are (debt)because of the economic crisis.(答案：in debt) ● 考法2：考察名词词义 。原题：He has a lot of (debt)to pay off..(答案：debts) 1 选修1一unit2词汇精讲 rarely 词义与词性 ·词义1（adv.)::很少；不常：难得；例句：She rarely goes out these days.（来源：牛津高 阶词典) 词性转换 。形容词：rare;例句：This is a rare species.（来源：柯林斯词典) ·名词：rarity;例句：Snow is a rarity in this region..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：seldom:副词，很少：例句：He seldom eats breakfast..（来源：牛津高阶词典)：- ·近义词：hardly ever:副词短语，几乎从不；例句：She hardly ever watches TV.(来源：柯 林斯词典) 固定搭配 ·短语I:rarely if ever:几乎从来不；适用于强调很少发生的情况，语法上常作状语；例句： He rarely对ever takes a day off.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语2：rarely or never:几乎从不；适用于强调否定情况，语法上作状语；例句：She rarely or never reads books..（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察副词用法 。原题：He (rarely)goes to the cinema,so he doesn't know much about the new movie..（答案：rarely) 2 选修1一unit2词汇精讲 dread 词义与词性 。词义1(v.)::害怕，畏惧；例句：I dread to think what will happen if she finds out..（来源： 牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(n.):恐惧，畏惧；例句：She was filled with dread at the thought of what might happen.（来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 。形容词：dreadful;例句：We've had dreadful weather recenth4.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·副词：dreadfully:例句：I'm dreadfully sorry..（来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：fear(v./n.):害怕，恐惧；例句：He fears failure.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。近义词：frighten(v.):使惊恐；例句：The loud noise frightened the baby.（来源：柯林斯 词典) 固定搭配 。短语1：dread doing sth.:害怕做某事；适用于表达对做某事的恐惧情绪，语法上后接动名 词；例句：She dreads going to the dentist.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 。 短语2：in dread of:害怕，畏惧；适用于描述处于害怕某事物的状态，语法上后接害怕的 对象；例句：He lives in dread of being discovered.（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：作动词，考察其现在分词形式 ·原题：She is (dread)the upcoming exam.(答案：dreading) 。考法2：考察固定搭配dread doing sth. 。原题：I (dread)speaking in public..(答案：dread) 3 选修1一unit2词汇精讲 inform 词义与词性 ·词义1(v.):通知；告知；例句：Please inform me of any changes in the plan.（来源：牛 津高阶词典) 。词义2(v.):检举；告发；例句：He informed against the drug-dealers.（来源：柯林斯 词典) 词性转换 。名词：information(信息)；例句：We need more information before we can make a decision. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 。形容词：informative(提供有用信息的；增进知识的)：例句：The documentary was very nformative.(来源：柯林斯词典)-动词过去式/过去分词：informed(规则变化，直接加 -ed);例句：I was informed about the meeting yesterday..（来源：牛津高阶词典)-动词现在 分词：informing（直接加-ing);例句：She is informing the students of the new rules.（来 源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ·同义词：notify(v.):通知；告知；例句：The school will notify parents of the exam results. (来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：advise(v,):劝告；建议；也有告知之意：例句：I advised him of the danger.（来 源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语l:inform sb.of sth.:通知某人某事；适用于传达信息的场景，语法上of后接通知的 内容；例句：The teacher informed the students of the test date..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 。 短语2：be informed about:对…了解；适用于描述某人对某事的了解情况，语法上about 后接了解的事物：例句：You should be informed about the latest news..（来源：柯林斯词典) 短语3：inform on/against sb.:告发某人：适用于检举揭发他人违法等场景，语法上on/against 后接被检举的人；例句：He informed on the criminal to the police..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：作动词，考察其过去式和过去分词形式 ·原题：（某地模拟题）We (inform)that the meeting had been cancelled.(答案： were informed) 。考法2：考察固定搭配inform sb.of sth 。原题：（某地高考真题）You should your parents your decision.(答案： inform ● of) 选修1一unit2词汇精讲 pace 词义与词性 。词义1(n.):步伐；步速；节奏；速度；例句：She set a brisk pace and we all struggled to keep up..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(v.):踱步；走来走去；例句：He paced the room nervously.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ·形容词：paced:有节奏的；例句：The paced breathing helped her relax..（来源：自编合理例 句)动词现在分词：pacing:例句：He was pacing up and down the corridor.（来源：牛津 高阶词典)动词过去式和过去分词：paced;例句：She paced the floor waiting for the news. (来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：speed(n.):速度；例句：The car was travelling at high speed.（来源：牛津高阶 词典) 、 ·近义词：rate(n.):速度；比率；例句：The birth rate is declining.（来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ·短语l:keep pace with:跟上；与…并驾齐驱；适用于描述速度、进度等方面保持一致的场 景，语法上with后接比较的对象；例句：You should keep pace with the latest trends..（来源： 牛津高阶词典) ·短语2：set the pace:定速度；起带头作用；适用于描述引领速度或节奏的场景；例句：The runner set the pace for the others..（来源：柯林斯词典) 短语3：at a snail's pace:.极慢地；适用于描述速度非常缓慢的场景；例句：The traffic was mov2 ng at a snail's pace.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 。考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式 。原题：He (pace)the room while waiting for the phone call.(答案：paced) 考法2：考察固定搭配keep pace with 。原题：We must the changing times.(答案：keep pace with) 选修1一unit2词汇精讲 overnight 词义与词性 。词义1（adv.):在夜间；在晚上；一夜之间；突然；一下子；例句：The temperature dropped overnight.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(adj.):夜间的；晚上的：只供一夜的例句：an overnight stay（来源：牛津高阶 词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：suddenly:副词，突然地；例句：Suddenly,it started to rain.,(来源：牛津高阶词典)- ·近义词：abruptly:副词，突然地；例句：He left abruptl以.（来源：柯林斯词典） 固定搭配 ·短语l:stay overnight:过夜；适用于描述停留住宿的场景，语法上直接使用；例句：You can stay overnight at my place.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·短语2：change overnight:一夜之间改变；适用于描述事物快速变化的场景，语法上直接使 用；例句：The situation changed overnight.（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：作副词，考察其在句子中的用法 。原题：The city's popularity grew (overnight).(答案：overnight) 6 选修1一unit2词汇精讲 nevertheless 词义与词性 ·词义1(adv.):尽管如此；不过；然而；例句：He was very tired;,nevertheless,,he kept working.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：however:adv.,然而；例句：The book is expensive;however,t's worth it.（来源： 牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：nonetheless:adv.,尽管如此；例句：The weather was bad;nonetheless,we went out. (来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ·短语1：nevertheless+句子：用于引出与前文相反的情况：适用于表达转折的场景，语法上 后接完整句子；例句：He was ill.Nevertheless,he came to school..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 。考法1：作副词，考察其在句中的逻辑连接作用 。原题：He has faults. ,he is an honest man.(答案：Nevertheless) 选修1一unit2词汇精讲 rejection 词义与词性 。词义1（n.):拒绝；否决：驳回例句：His proposal met with rejection.（来源：牛津高阶 词典) 。词义2(n.):拒收；不录用例句：She faced rejection from several universities.（来源：柯 林斯词典) 词性转换 。动词：reject 。形容词：rejected;例句：The rejected application was sent back to the applicant.（来源：牛 津高阶词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：refusal:名词，拒绝例句：He gave a firm refusal to the offer..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：declination:名词，拒绝例句：Her declination of the invitation surprised us..(来源： 柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语1：face rejection:面临拒绝；适用于描述人遭遇拒绝的场景，语法上可直接用于句子 中作谓语部分；例句：Many young people face rejection when looking for jobs.（来源：牛津 高阶词典) ·短语2：receive a rejection:收到拒绝；适用于描述得到拒绝回应的场景，语法上“receive” 后接“a rejection”:例句：He received a rejection from the company.（来源：柯林斯词典) ·短语3：rejection letter:拒绝信；适用于描述信件类型的场景，语法上可作句子主语、宾语 等；例句：She was sad after reading the rejection letter.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：考察名词形式 。原题：His (reject)of the plan made everyone disappointed.(答案：rejection) 8 选修1一unit2词汇精讲 persevere 词义与词性 ·词义1(v,):坚持：不屈不挠；锲而不舍；例句：Despite the difficulty,he persevered in his efforts to achieve his goal.（来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ·名词：perseverance;表示坚持不懈的品质；例句：His perseverance in the face of adversity is an inspiration to us all..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。形容词：persevering;表示有毅力的、坚持不懈的；例句：She is a persevering student who never gives up easily..（来源：柯林斯词典)；动词现在分词：persevering:例句：He is persevering with his training.（来源：牛津高阶词典)；动词过去式和过去分词：persevered;例句：He persevered through many hardships..（来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ·同义词：persist（v.):坚持 ·近义词：endure(v.):忍耐 ·近义词：persist in(v.):坚持；例句：You should persist in your beliefs.（来源：牛津高阶 词典) 固定搭配 。 短语l:persevere in sth.:在某事上坚持：适用于描述在某方面持续努力的场景，语法上in 后接坚持的事情；例句：You must persevere in your studies if you want to succeed..（来源： 牛津高阶词典) 短语2：persevere with sth.:坚持做某事；适用于表达持续进行某项活动的场景，语法上with 后接具体活动：例句：She persevered with her piano practice every day.(来源：柯林斯词典) 。短语3：persevere against sth..:克服…坚持；适用于描述面对困难仍坚持的场景，语法上 against后接困难、阻碍等；例句：He persevered against all odds to achieve his dream.（来 源：朗文当代英语词典) 典型考法 。考法1：作动词，考察其现在分词形式 。原题：Despite the challenges,.heis (persevere)with his research.(答案：persevering) 。考法2：考察固定搭配persevere in sth, 。原题：You should your efforts to improve your English.(答案：persevere in) 9 选修1一unit2词汇精讲 rye 词义与词性 。词义1（n.):黑麦；例句：Rye is used to make bread and whiskey.（来源：柯林斯词典) ·词义2(n):黑麦威士忌酒；例句：He ordered a glass of rye.(来源：韦氏大词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：wheat:名词，小麦；例句：Wheat is one of the most important crops in the world. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ·短语I:rye bread:黑麦面包；适用于描述食品的场景，语法上rve作定语修饰bread;例 句：I like to eat rye bread for breakfast.(来源：剑桥词典) ·短语2：rye whiskey:黑麦威士忌；适用于描述酒类的场景，语法上rye作定语修饰whiskey: 例句：He prefers rye whiskey to other spirits.（来源：柯林斯词典) best-seller 词义与词性 。词义1(n.):畅销书；畅销产品；例句：This novel has become a best-seller.（来源：柯 林斯词典) 词性转换 。形容词：best-selling;例句：The best-selling book is very popular among students..（来源： 牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 。同义词：blockbuster(n.):畅销作品；例句：The movie turned out to be a real blockbuster.. (来源：韦氏词典) 固定搭配 ·短语l:a best-seller list:畅销书排行榜：适用于图书销售相关场景，语法上作名词短语： 例句：This book is on the best-seller list..（来源：剑桥词典) 。 短语2：become a best-seller:成为畅销书；适用于描述书籍销售情况，语法上become后 接名词；例句：His new book became a best-seller soon after its release.（来源：朗文当代英 语词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察名词的单复数形式 ·原题：There are many best-sellers in this bookstore..(答案：best-sellers) 10