必修一 U3-2025高中英语单词讲解（外研版）

必修1unit3词汇精讲 character 词义与词性 。词义1(n.):性格；品质；特点；例句：The twins have very different characters.（来源： 牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(n.):人物：角色；例句：The main character in the novel is very brave.（来源：柯 林斯词典) 。词义3（n.):字母：字符；例句：In Chinese,each character has its own meaning.,（来源： 朗文当代英语词典) 词性转换 。形容词：characteristic;具有…特征的；例句：Windmills are characteristic of the Dutch landscape..（来源：牛津高阶词典)- 动词：characterize;以…为特征；描述…的特性；例句：The city is characterized by its ancient buildings..（来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ·同义词：personality(n.):个性；性格；例句：She has a strong personality.（来源：牛津高 阶词典) ·近义词：trait(n.):特点；特质；例句：Honesty is an important trait.（来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语1：in character:符合某人的性格：适用于描述某人的行为是否与其性格相符的场景， 语法上常作表语例句：It's in character for him to help others.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。 短语2：out of character:不符合某人的性格：适用于描述某人的行为与性格不符的场景，语 法上常作表语；例句：His sudden anger was out of character..（来源：柯林斯词典) 短语3：character trait:性格特点；适用于描述人的性格方面的特征，语法上trait用单数 形式；例句：Kindness is a good character trait.（来源：朗文当代英语词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：考察名词词义“性格” 。原题：One of his best (character)is his kindness.(答案：characters) ● 考法2：考察固定搭配in character 原题：It was completely character for her to arrive late.(答案：out of) 1 必修1unit3词汇精讲 approach 词义与词性 。词义1（v.):靠近；接近；走近；例句：As you approach the toumn,you'll see the church on the left.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(v.):接洽；交涉；着手处理；例句：We approached the problem from a different angle.（来源：柯林斯词典) ·词义3(n.):方法；方式；途径；例句：We need to adopt a new approach to this problem. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义4(n.):靠近：接近；临近；例句：The approach of winter brings cold weather.（来 源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ·形容词：approachable(可接近的；随和的)；例句：He is an approachable teacher.（来源： 牛津高阶词典) ·名词：approacher(接近者)；例句：The approacher was a stranger.(来源：自定义例句，无 权威来源，仅为格式展示，实际需权威例句)动词过去式/过去分词：approached(规则变 化，直接加-ed)；例句：She approached me with a smile..（来源：牛津高阶词典)动词现在 分词：approaching(规则变化，直接加-ing);例句：The approaching car was very fast..(来 源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：near:动词，接近：例句：The time is nearing when we must leave.（来源：牛津高 阶词典) ·近义词：access::动词，使用；接近；名词，通道；机会；例句：You can access the building from the side door..(来源：柯林斯词典) 。近义词：method:名词，方法；例句：We should find a better method to solve this problem. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 。短语I:approach to sth.:…的方法；适用于描述解决问题、处理事情的方式，语法上to 后接需要解决的问题等；例句：There is no easy approach to this problem.（来源：牛津高阶 词典) 。 短语2：approach sb.about sth..:就某事与某人接洽；适用于和人交流某事的场景，语法上 about后接具体事情；例句：I approached my boss about a pay raise..（来源：柯林斯词典) 短语3：make an approach to:对…进行探讨；适用于学术、工作等探讨场景；例句：They made an approach to the new theory.（来源：自定义例句，无权威来源，仅为格式展示，实 际需权威例句) ·短语4：the approach of:…的临近；适用于描述时间、事件等的临近：例句：The approach of the exam made him nervous.（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式 。原题：He (approach)the old man and asked for directions.approached) 。考法2：考察固定搭配approach to sth 。原题：We need to find a new (ap昴roach)to dealing with this situation.(答案： approach) 必修1unit3词汇精讲 chat 词义与词性 ·词义1（v.):闲聊；闲谈；聊天；例句：We sat in the pub,chatting about old times.（来 源：牛津高阶词典) ·词义2(n.):闲聊；闲谈；聊天；例句：I had a long chat with her.（来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 。名词：chat;动词过去式/过去分词：chatted(规则变化，直接加-ed):例句：We chatted for hours last night.（来源：牛津高阶词典)动词现在分词：chatting(双写t加-ing):例 句：They are chatting in the garden.（来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 。近义词：talk:动词，交谈；例句：We talked for a long time..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。近义词：gossip:动词，闲聊；例句：They love to gossip about their neighbors..（来源：柯林 斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语1：chat with sb.:和某人聊天；适用于日常交流场景，语法上with后接聊天对象；例 句：I like to chat with my friends on weekends.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语2：have a chat:聊天；适用于描述聊天这一行为，语法上直接使用；例句：Let'shae a chat over coffee.(来源：柯林斯词典) 。短语3：chat about sth.:谈论某事；适用于交流某一话题的场景，语法上about后接谈论的 内容：例句：They were chatting about the movie.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：作动词，考察其现在分词形式 。原题：Look!They (chat)under the tree.(答案：are chatting) 。考法2：考察固定搭配chat with sb. 原题：She often (chat) her classmates after class.(答案：chats ● with) 3 必修1unit3词汇精讲 focus 词义与词性 。词义1(n.):焦点；重点；中心例句：The focus of the meeting was on economic development. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(n.):焦距；聚焦例句：The camera has automatic focus.（来源：柯林斯词典) ·词义3(v.):集中；聚焦；关注例句：You should focus your attention on your studies..（来 源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ·名词：focus;复数形式：foci或focuses ·形容词：focused 。 动词：focus;过去式和过去分词：focused或focussed;现在分词：focusing或focussing;例 句：He is a focused student.（来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 。近义词：concentrate:动词，集中 ·同义词：center:名词，中心；动词，集中 ·近义词：fixate:动词，专注 ·近义词：zero in on:动词短语，聚焦于 固定搭配 。短语1：focus on:集中于；适用于描述集中注意力、精力等场景，语法上on后接集中的对 象；例句：You need to focus on your work.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。 短语2：bring into focus:使清楚：使明朗：适用于描述让事物变得清晰的场景，语法上bring 后接需要清晰化的事物：例句：The report brings the problem into focus.（来源：柯林斯词典) 短语3：in focus:清晰；聚焦；适用于描述物体成像清晰的场景；例句：The picture is in focus.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语4：out of focus:模糊；失焦；适用于描述物体成像模糊的场景；例句：The image is out of focus.（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式 。原题：She (focus)on her goals last year.(答案：focused) ·考法2：考察固定搭配focus on 。原题：We should (focus)our efforts on solving this problem.(答案： focus on) 必修1unit3词汇精讲 career 词义与词性 。词义1(n.):职业；事业；生涯；例句：She is now at the height of her career.（来源：牛 津高阶词典) 。词义2(n.):经历；履历；例句：His career as a teacher spans40 years..(来源：柯林斯 词典) ·词义3（adj.):职业的；专业的；例句：a career diplomat（来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 。形容词：career-related;与职业相关的；例句：She attended a career-related seminar..(来 源：自编合理例句，权威资料暂未找到对应例句) ·副词：careeringly(较为少见)：用于描述与职业相关的方式；例句：暂未找到权威例句 同近义词 ·同义词：profession:名词，职业；指需要专门技能和知识的职业；例句：He is a doctor by profession.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：occupation:名词，职业：更广泛地指人们从事的工作：例句：Please state your name, age and occupation.（来源：牛津高阶词典)- 。近义词：vocation:名词，职业；常带有使命感的职业；例句：Teaching is a vocation for her.. (来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ·短语I：start a career::开始职业生涯；适用于描述个人开始从事某种职业的场景，语法上 start后接职业相关内容；例句：She started her career as a journalist..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语2：make a career:成就一番事业；适用于表达个人在职业上取得成功的场景；例句： He made a career in the business world.（来源：柯林斯词典) 短语3：career development:职业发展；适用于讨论职业规划和成长的场景；例句：The com pany offers good opportunities for career development..（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·短语4：career path:职业道路；适用于描述个人职业发展的轨迹：例句：She is still exploring her career path.（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察名词词义 。原题：Choosing the right is an important decision in one's life.(答案：career) 。考法2：考察固定搭配start a career 。原题：He decided to a in the field of art.(答案：start career) 5 必修1unt3词汇精讲 ignore 词义与词性 ·词义1(v.):忽视；对…不予理会；例句：He ignored her angry question.（来源：牛津高 阶词典) 词性转换 。形容词：ignorant:无知的，愚昧的；例句：People were often ignorant about the causes of disease.（来源：柯林斯词典) 。名词：ignorance;无知，愚昧；例句：His ignorance of her rights was astonishing.(来源：牛 津高阶词典)：动词过去式和过去分词：ignored;规则变化，直接加-ed;例句：She ignored my warning..（来源：柯林斯词典)：动词现在分词：ignoring;直接加-ing;例句：He kept ignoring me.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：neglect:动词，疏忽，忽视；例句：He often neglects his duties.(来源：牛津高阶 词典) ·近义词：overlook:动词，忽略，未注意到；例句：The report overlooked some important facts, (来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语1：ignore sb/sth:不理会某人/某物：适用于描述对人或事物不关注的场景，语法上后 接被忽视的对象：例句：He ignored his friend's phone call.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语2：ignore the fact that.:忽视…的事实；适用于描述对某种事实不重视的场景，that 后接具体事实内容；例句：You can't ignore the fact that he is very ill..（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式 。原题：She (ignore)his advice and made a big mistake.(答案：ignored) 。 考法2：考察固定搭配ignore sb/sth 。原题：You shouldn't (ignore)your parents'concerns..(答案：ignore) 6 必修1unit3词汇精讲 assume 词义与词性 。词义1(v.):假定；假设；认为；例句：It is reasonable to assume that he knew beforehand. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(v.):承担；就任；例句：The prince assumed power when he was only fifteen.（来 源：柯林斯词典) 。词义3(v.):呈现；具有：例句：The problem has assumed a new form.（来源：牛津高阶 词典) 词性转换 。名词：assumption;例句：Your assumption is wrong.（来源：柯林斯词典) ● 形容词：assumed:例句：He wrote under an assumed name.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·副词：assumedly:例句：Assumedly,he will come.（来源：韦氏词典) 同近义词 。近义词： presume: 动词，假定，推测；例句：I presume you're tired after the long journey.. (来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：suppose:动词，假设，猜想；例句：Let's suppose(that)the news is true..（来源： 牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 。短语I:assume that..:假定；适用于表达主观猜测的场景，语法上that后接从句：例 句：I assumed that he was late because of the traffic..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语2：assume responsibility for:承担…的责任；适用于描述承担责任的场景，语法上 for后接承担责任的对象；例句：You should assume responsibility for your actions..（来源： 柯林斯词典) 。短语3：assume power:掌权；适用于描述获取权力的场景：例句：The new government assumed power last week.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 。考法1：作动词，考察其过去式和过去分词形式 。原题：he (assume)the responsibility for the project last month.（答案：assumed) 考法2：考察固定搭配assume that.. ● 原题：We often that other people will understand what we're saying.(答案：assume)? 7 必修1unit3词汇精讲 suit 词义与词性 。词义1（v.):适合；适宜于；例句：The seven o'clock train will suit us very well.（来源： 牛津高阶词典) ·词义2(v.):相配；合身：例句：That colour doesn't suit you..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义3（n.):套装；西装；例句：He was wearing a dark suit..（来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 。形容词：suitable;:例句：This book is suitable for children.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·名词：suitability;例句：We questioned the suitability of these measures.（来源：柯林斯词 典)动词过去式/过去分词：suited(规则变化，直接加-ed);例句：The job was well suited to his abilities..(（来源：牛津高阶词典)动词现在分词：suiting;例句：The role is suiting her very well..（来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：ft:动词，适合；例句：The shoes fit me well..（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：match:动词，相配；例句：The curtains match the carpet..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 。短语1：suit sb.(fne):对某人很合适：适用于描述事物与某人的情况相匹配的场景，语法 上sb.为人称代词宾格或名词：例句：The time suits me fine.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。 短语2：suit sth.to sth.:使某物适应某物：适用于调整事物以适应其他事物的场景，语法上 第一个sth.为被调整的事物，第二个sth.为目标事物：例句：You should suit your actions to your words..（来源：柯林斯词典) ·短语3：suit oneself:随自己的意愿；适用于表示让某人按自己想法行事的场景；例句：You can suit yourself whether you go or stay.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式 。原题：The plan (suit)us very well last year..(答案：suited) ● 考法2：考察固定搭配suit sth.to sth. ·原题：We should our thinking the new situation.(答案：suit to) 8 必修1unit3词汇精讲 respect 词义与词性 ·词义1(n.):尊敬；尊重；敬重例句：We have respect for the old.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(n.)::方面；细节例句：In many respects this is an important decision..（来源：柯 林斯词典) 。词义3(v.)::尊敬；尊重；敬重例句：You should respect your parents..（来源：牛津高阶 词典) ·词义4(v.)::遵守；不损害：不违背例句：We must respect the law.（来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ·形容词：respectful(有礼貌的；恭敬的)例句：The children should be respectful to their elders.. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 形容词：respective(分别的：各自的)例句：All men have their respective duties.（来源：柯 林斯词典) ·副词：respectfully(尊敬地；恭敬地)例句：He listened to the old man respectfully.（来源： 牛津高阶词典) 名词：respectability(体面；得体；受尊敬)例句：He tried hard to gain respectability in the society.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 。近义词：esteem:名词/动词，尊敬；敬重例句：He is held in high esteem by his colleagues. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 。近义词：admire:动词，钦佩；赞赏例句：I admire her for her bravery..(来源：柯林斯词典) 。近义词：honor:名词/动词，尊敬；尊重例句：We should honor our national flag..（来源：牛 津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ·短语I:show respect for:对…表示尊重；适用于表达对人或事物尊重的场景，语法上for 后接被尊重的对象；例句：We should show respect for different cultures..(来源：牛津高阶 词典) 。 短语2：with respect to:关于；至于；适用于引出相关话题的场景，语法上to后接相关内 容；例句：With respect to this problem,we need to discuss it further..（来源：柯林斯词典) 短语3：respect oneself:自尊；自重；适用于描述个人自我要求的场景；例句：A person should respect himself and not do anything disgraceful..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语4：in respect of:关于；就…而言；适用于说明某方面情况的场景，语法上of后接相 关方面；例句：In respect of this plan,there are still some details to be determined.（来源： 柯林斯词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：作动词，考察其现在分词形式 。原题：He is always (respect)others'opinions.（答案respecting) ● 考法2：考察固定搭配show respect for 原题：We should the environment.（答案：show respect for) 9 必修1unit3词汇精讲 option 词义与词性 。词义1(n.):可选择的事物：选择；选择权；选择的自由；例句：You have several options. (来源：牛津高阶词典) ·词义2(n.):选修课；例句：Is Spanish an option at your school?（来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 。形容词：optional;例句：The insurance is optional..（来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ·同义词：choice(n.):选择；例句：You have a wide choice of courses.（来源：牛津高阶词典)： ·近义词：alternative(n.):可供选择的事物；例句：We have no alternative but to go on.（来 源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语1：have no option but to do sth.:除做某事外别无选择；适用于描述没有其他办法只 能做某事的场景，语法上but后接动词原形；例句：We had no option but to fire him.(来 源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语2：leave one's options open:不做决定；暂不表态；适用于需要保留选择余地的场景； 例句：I'm leaving my options open until I hear all the alternatives..(来源：柯林斯词典） 。短语3：at one's option:随意；任凭选择；适用于表达某人可以自由选择的场景；例句：You may pay monthly or annually at your option.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察名词单复数 。原题：You have several (option)to choose from.(答案：options) 考法2：考察固定搭配have no option but to do sth. ● 原题：He had no option but (accept)the offer..(答案：to accept) 10