内容正文:
Unit 3 The world of science
[Part 1 巧记·课标单词]
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1.press v.按
2.shoot v. 射出,放射
3.compass n. 指南针
4.battery n. 电池
5.compute v. 计算
6.capable adj. 有能力的
7.stuff n. 东西,物品
8.desire n. 渴望,欲望
9.passive adj. 被动的
10.beyond prep. 无法……
11.instance n. 例子,实例
12.chemist n. 化学家
13.biologist n. 生物学家
14.accurate adj. 精确的
15.species n. 物种
16.stream n. 小河,小溪
17.brilliant adj. 聪颖的
18.theory n. 学说,理论
19.cure n. 疗法
20.draft v. 起草,草拟
21.experiment n. 实验
22.metal n. 金属
23.attach v. 系,绑;贴
24.flash n. 闪光
25.conduct v. 传导(热电)
26.account n. 记述,描述
27.procedure n. 程序,手续
28.flexible adj. 易弯曲的
拓展单词|通其用
1.significance n.意义;意思;重要性;重要意义→significant adj.重要的
2.astronomer n.天文学家→astronomy n.天文学
3.mental adj.精神的;智力的→mentally adv.精神上;智力上→physical adj.(反义词)身体的;肉体的
4.declare vt.宣布;声明;表明;宣称→declaration n.宣言;公布
5.scientific adj.科学的→science n.科学→scientist n.科学家
6.prove v.证明是;被发现是→proof n.证据;证明
阅读单词|明其义
1.gunpowder n. 火药
2.virtual adj. 虚拟的
3.minor adj. 小的
4.extraordinary adj. 非凡的
5.radium n. 镭
6.lightning n. 闪电
7.fiction n. 虚构的事,想象的事
8.gravity n. 重力,引力
[Part 2 闪记·核心短语]
1.in_addition 除此之外,另外
2.in_terms_of 从……方面来讲,就……而言
3.thanks_to 幸亏,由于
4.in_the_long_term 从长远来看
5.be_named_after 以……命名
6.cure sb.of 治愈了某人的……
7.never say never 别轻易说决不
8.virtual reality 虚拟现实
9.apart from ... 除……之外
10.attach ...to 把……系于……,把……附在……
[Part 3 速记·经典句式]
典型句式
教材原句
1.It is/was...that强调句型
So what_is_it_that(是什么) inspires us to invent things?
2.suggest引导的宾语从句
However, new research suggests that the_story_may_be_fiction_instead_of_fact_(这一故事可能只是杜撰,而非事实).
3.非真实条件句引导的虚拟语气
But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key, he would_certainly_have_died_from (肯定会死于) the electric shock.
[Part 4 识记·熟词生义]
你知道下面句子黑体词的词性和汉语意思吗?
1.The bank is pressing us for repayment of the loan.v.催促;敦促
2.If you shoot a look at someone, you look at them quickly and briefly, often in a way that expresses your feelings.v.迅速地看,瞥(一眼)
3.I was a new teacher,and I gave an honest account of the student's work.n.描述
[核心词汇]
1.desire n.渴望;欲望;渴求vt.希望得到;想要
► [教材对接]
(1)But what remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create, and that's the real spirit of invention.
不过,一直以来重要的是我们有一种强烈地想要思考、创造的渴望,那就是真正的创新精神。
①desire sth. 渴望得到某物
desire to do sth. 希望/渴望做某事
desire that sb.(should)do 要求……
②have (a) desire for sth./to do sth.
渴望得到某物/希望做某事
[误区释疑] desire不用于进行时态。后接宾语从句时,从句中的谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”,此外,含desire的主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。
[基础练习] 单句语法填空
(2)(2024·北京卷)By my fourth year, my desperation to succeed overshadowed my desire for_independence.
(3)(2025·北京卷)The desire to_stand(stand)out consumed me, pushing me towards a regrettable decision.
[能力提升] 一句多译
(4)就我而言,我渴望得到这个出国深造的机会。
As far as I am concerned,I have_a_desire_to_have such a chance to go abroad for further study.(desire n.)
=As far as I am concerned,I desire_that_I_should_have such a chance to go abroad for further study.(desire that)
2.significant adj.重要的,影响深远的
► [教材对接]
(1)But perhaps the most significant success that people have achieved to date is in medicine.
不过或许到目前为止,人们所取得的最大的成功是医药方面的。
① It is significant that 很明显(从句用should do结构)
②significance n. 意义;意思;重要性;重要意义
be of significance to... 对……有重要意义
attach significance to... 认为……重要
[基础练习] 单句语法填空
(2)In my view,practicing handwriting is of great significance (significant) to the students' growth.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(3)Protecting the environment is very_significant_to us humans.
保护环境对我们人类来说,是非常重要的。
3.attach v.附加;缚上;系上;贴上;使依恋;连接
► [教材对接]
(1)A metal key was attached to the string.
绳子上还绑着一把金属钥匙。attach sth.to sth.
把……系到……上;将……和……相联系
attach oneself to sb./sth.依附于某人;参加某事
attach importance/significance to认为……重要/有意义
be attached to依恋;爱慕;留恋;附属于
[基础练习] 单句语法填空
(2)(2025·北京卷)The feeling of success was no longer attached to_what grade I received but to the pure joy of learning.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(3)Many parents attach_importance_to their children's education.
很多的父母认为他们孩子的教育很重要。
4.account n.叙述;描写;报道;账目;解释;说明v.视为
► [教材对接]
(1)In fact, more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple, there is no proof that it hit him on the head.
事实上,不少记述表明牛顿确实受到了掉落苹果的启发,但没有证据显示苹果砸在了他的头上。
①on account of 因为,由于
on no account 决不
take...into account(=take account of...) 把……考虑在内
②account for 解释,说明;占(一定的数量或比例)
[基础练习] 单句语法填空
(2)(2025·全国一卷)As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts_for_about a quarter of our energyrelated greenhouse gas emissions.
(3)They now need to take into account the extent of firms' data assets(资产) when assessing the impact of deals.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(4)On no account should_you_leave_the_baby at home alone.
任何时候,你都不应该独自把婴儿留在家。
[间考词汇]
1.injure vt.损害;伤害
用injure的适当形式填空
(1)I'm feeling very sorry to tell you that I have to change our plan to visit Yunnan in July,because one of my feet got injured.
(2)Dog owners should be responsible if their pets do an injury to other people or cause damage to their property.
(3)What he did injure the company's reputation,causing great damage to our company.
(4)(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Once there, Lenoue was assessed and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries_in one of her knees.
2.cure n.治愈;痊愈vt.治疗;治好
单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)Professor Wang said the reason of shortsightedness is complicated and that there is still no excellent cure for it.
(2)The fresh air and exercise cured him of his sleeplessness,which made him feel relief.
(3)As we know, the_best_way_to_cure_a_burn is to expose it to the air.
众所周知,治疗烧伤的最好方法是把伤口暴露在空气中。
So what is_it_that inspires us to invent things?
那么是什么激励我们去发明东西呢?
本句中what is it that...是强调句的特殊疑问句。
强调句的基本句型
①陈述句:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分
②一般疑问句:Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分
③特殊疑问句:疑问词+is/was+it+that+句子其他部分
④not...until...结构的强调句型:It is/was not until...that...
[基础练习] 单句语法填空
(1)It wasn't until I finished film studies that I pursued my career as an actress.
(2)It was Chinese scientist Tu Youyou that/who won the 2015 Nobel Prize for Medicine.
[佳句赏析]
(2023·全国乙卷)It's thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meatandtwoveg and readymade meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits.正是由于电视上的这些大厨,而不是凭借广告宣传活动,英国人正在远离“一肉两菜”和速食餐,从而变得更加愿意探索新的烹饪习惯。
[基础夯实]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.He believed that his son was capable (有能力的) of analyzing and solving the problem by himself.
2.My schedule is flexible (灵活的)—I could arrange to meet with you any day next week.
3.Teenagers may want to be part of the group, yet desire (渴望) to be independent.
4.Used properly, the battery (电池) can last 72 hours.
5.The teacher felt satisfied with the experiment (实验) conducted by his students.
6.(2025·全国一卷)That left a house still stuffed_(塞满) with things that, while not particularly valuable, didn't belong in a landfill(垃圾填埋场).
Ⅱ.语境填空
1.There is a strong desire for peace among the people living in the midst of war.
2.Scientists across the world agree that this is an invention of great significance, an invention that will greatly change human life.
3.A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured(injure) and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train.
4.The sports meet, which was originally (original) due last Friday, was finally delayed because of the bad weather.
5.Attached to the gift was a note on which he expressed his gratitude for our reception during his stay here.
6.(2025·北京卷)Introducing(introduce) you to areas such as biology, urban farming, and environmental science so that you can explore the field of agriculture.
Ⅲ.选词填空
in addition, in terms of, thanks to,never say never, apart from, in the long term
1.Apart_from my academic studies, I always manage to find time for what I'm interested in.
2.You can pay bills over the Internet. In_addition,_you can check your balance(余额).
3.Thanks_to the invention of the mobile phone, people can now keep in touch with each other quite easily.
4.The manager thought Paul was the best person for the job in_terms_of both his ability and his quality.
5.In_the_long_term,_global warming's impact on the Earth is far from simple.
6.Never_say_never,_there is always something to try in the world.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.我希望医生能治好我肩膀疼痛。
I hope the doctors can cure_the_pain_in_my_shoulder.
2.自从我上次离开这里以来,这座小镇已经变得让人认不出来了。
The town has_changed_beyond_recognition since I was last here.
3.他会把标签贴在你的行李上。
He will attach the_label_to_your_luggage.
[素养提升]
Ⅰ.单元巩固练
在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)。
With the development of science and technology, people's lives have been 1.entirely (entire) affected. There is no doubt that we benefit a lot 2.from the scientific extraordinary advance in many different ways. For instance, the invention of computers dramatically increases work efficiency and 3.helps (help) complete many difficult tasks that were impossible in the past. Apart from this, new 4.discoveries (discovery) and technology in medicine improve people's health, 5.which allows them 6.to_enjoy (enjoy) a longer life. The progress of science also enlarges humans' abilities to explore the world around them, from up into space to deep under the sea. Thanks to the development of science and technology, human society has enjoyed continuous prosperity and more convenience.
However,just like a doubleedged sword, science can cause problems too. It is known to all 7.that the nuclear power,an environmentally friendly source of energy, can also 8.be_developed (develop) into a weapon of mass destruction. In addition, human cloning, which is expected to cure many serious diseases and save lives, may bring 9.more (many)disasters of social morality than before. As a matter of fact,most of the improvements in science are made at the cost of our precious natural resources and have done great harm to the environment where we live.
Therefore, how to deal with the progress of science and technology properly is worth 10.our (we) careful consideration.
Ⅱ.话题微写作
假定你是李华,你所在的学校近期引入了一些人工智能(AI)技术应用,用以帮助学生学习和日常生活。请你根据以下提示,给校刊英语专栏写一篇短文,谈谈你对此的看法。内容包括:
1.AI在你校的具体应用;
2.AI带来的便利;
3.你对此的看法。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.尽量使用本单元知识点;
3.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
4.开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。
Dear Editor,
I am writing to talk about the recent application of AI technology in our school.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
[参考范文]
Dear_Editor,
I_am_writing_to_talk_about_the_recent_application_of_AI_technology_in_our_school. Our school has integrated AI in several ways, including smart classrooms and personalized learning platforms, significantly enhancing the educational experience.
The introduction of AIpowered tools, such as virtual assistants for study help and the AI analysis system for personal learning plans, has greatly facilitated our studies. It makes learning more interactive and suitable for individual students.
In my opinion, the inclusion of AI in our education system is a progressive step toward a future way of learning. It not only makes learning more efficient but also prepares us for technologydriven future careers. I look forward to seeing more innovative applications of AI in our school.
Yours_sincerely,
Li_Hua
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
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