内容正文:
Unit 7 At weekends
专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练
句型、语法
语法提升
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
询问对方周末活动的句型: 高频易错点01
“What + do/does + 主语 + do at weekends?”
答语:主语 + 频率副词 + 动词 + 其它。
What do you often do at weekends?
你经常在周末做什么?
I often do my homework and clean my room.
我经常做作业和打扫房间。
易错点提示
do/does为助动词,由主语的人称而定。
(1)主语是第三人称单数时,用does。如:
What does Nancy do at weekends? 南希周末时干什么?
答句:主语 + 动词三单形式 + ……。如:
She usually watches films. 她通常看电影。
(2)主语是第一人称、第二人称、第三人称复数时,用do。如:
What do you do at weekends? 你周末时干什么?
答句:主语 + 动词 + ……。如:
I always go swimming with my family. 我总是和我的家人游泳。
(3)询问别人“如何度周末”有多种表达方式,还可以这样问:
How do you usually spend your weekends? 你通常如何过周末的?
What do you do at weekends? 你在周末做些什么?
小练笔
单项选择
( )1. —______ does your mother do at weekends?
—She often goes shopping.
A. What B. How C. Where
( )2. He ______ plays basketball. He likes football.
A. often B. usually C. never
( )3. —What do they do at weekends?
—They ______ watch TV.
A. are B. do C. often
( )4. —What does your sister do at weekends?
—She ______ her homework.
A. do B. does C. doing
( )5. —How do you spend your weekends?
—I ______ with my friends.
A. chat B. chats C. chatting
1. 答案:A,解析:答语是“她经常去购物”,询问做什么用“What”。
2. 答案:C,解析:后句说“他喜欢足球”,所以“从不”打篮球,选“never”。
3. 答案:C,解析:“often”(经常)修饰动词“watch”,符合“主语 + 频率副词 + 动词 + 其它”结构。
4. 答案:B,解析:主语“she”是第三人称单数,动词用“does”。
5. 答案:A,解析:主语“I”是第一人称,动词用原形“chat”。
点
拨
一般现在时的用法高频易错点02
一般现在时的定义
1.表示经常性、习惯性动作:比如每天上学、每周打篮球等。
I go to school every day. 我每天去上学。
2.表示现在的状态:描述人或事物当前的特征、状态等。
She is very happy. 她很开心。
3.表示客观事实、普遍真理:这些情况不受时间限制,永远是正确的。
The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的时间标志
1.频度副词:always(总是),usually(通常),often(经常),sometimes(有时)
seldom(很少),never(从不)
2.every 构成的短语:every day(每天),every week(每周),every month(每月)
一般现在时的“三单形式”
当句子的主语是第三人称单数(he他,she她,it它,单独的人名、地名、单数可数名词
等 )时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,简称“三单形式” 。
动词变为三单形式的规则如下:
1.在动词原形后直接加 s 。如:work - works,play - plays;
2.以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的动词:在词尾加 es 。例如:watch - watches,box - boxes;
3.以辅音字母 + y 结尾的动词:先把 y 变为 i ,再加 es 。如:study - studies
4. 特殊情况:have 的三单形式是 has 。
一般现在时的句型结构
肯定句: 主语 + 动词原形/动词三单形式 + 其他
主语 + be动词(am/is/are) + 其他
否定句:主语 + don't/doesn’t + 动词原形 + 其他
主语 + be动词 + not + 其他
一般疑问句: Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他
Be + 主语 + 其它?
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + do/does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + 其他?
易错点提示
(1)关于be动词和助动词的使用区别
助动词(do/does/did)主要功能是辅助行为动词,构建疑问、否定句式 。简言之:存在行
为动词时,常用助动词;无行为动词,用be动词。
Is he at home now?(句子中没有行为动词 )
Does he play football well?(句中有行为动词 )
小练笔
单项选择
( ) 1.My father ______ to work by car every day.
A. go B. goes C. went
( ) 2. ______ your parents often read books?
A. Do B. Does C. Are
( ) 3.The sun ______ in the east.
A. rise B. rises C. rose
( ) 4.I ______ up at 6:30 every morning.
A. get B. gets C. got
( ) 5.—______ she ______ English? —Yes, she does.
A. Do; like B. Does; like C. Does; likes
根据汉语意思完成句子
6.我们每天都做家庭作业。
We ______ ______ homework every day.
7.他不喜欢打篮球。
He ______ ______ playing basketball.
点
拨
1. 答案:B,“every day”(每天 )表明是一般现在时,主语“My father”是第三人称单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,“go”的第三人称单数是“goes” 。
2. 答案:A,主语“your parents”是复数,句子有实义动词“read”,一般疑问句借助助动词“Do” 。
3. 答案:B,“太阳从东方升起”是客观事实,用一般现在时,主语“The sun”是第三人称单数,“rise”的第三人称单数是“rises” 。
4. 答案:A,“every morning”(每天早上 )是一般现在时标志,主语“I”是第一人称,谓语动词用原形“get” 。
5. 答案:B,主语“she”是第三人称单数,一般疑问句借助助动词“Does”,
6. 答案:do; our,“每天”是一般现在时,主语“We”是复数,谓语动词用“do”;“我们的”是“our” ,“do one's homework”(做家庭作业 )是固定搭配。
7. 答案:doesn't; like,主语“He”是第三人称单数,否定句借助助动词“doesn't”,助动词后动词用原形“like” 。
频率副词的用法高频易错点03
我们按照频率发生的高低,可以将这几个词排列为:
always > usually > often > sometimes > seldom > never
100% 85% 75% 20% 15% 0%
总是 通常 经常 有时候 不常 从不
其他频率副词,如:once一次,twice两次,once a week一周一次,twice a day一天二次
易错点提示
对这些频率副词提问时,用how often。如:
Sometimes I write to my brother. 我有时写信给我的哥哥。
How often do you write to your brother? 你多久给你哥哥写信?
小练笔
单项选择。
( )1.—Do you like cakes?
—No, but I ________ have some.
A.often B.sometimes C.usually
( )2.—Do you like sweets?
—No, I don’t. But I ______ have some.
A.sometimes B.always C.usually
( )3.—Do you like coffee?
—No, I don’t. But I ________ have some in the morning.
A.usually B.often C.sometimes
( )4.Billy ________ eats too much and ________ like sports (运动), so (因此) he is fat.
A.always; doesn’t B.sometimes; / C.often; very much
( )5.—Do you often watch cartoons?
—I ________ watch it. You know, I don’t like cartoons.
A.always B.usually C.never
点
拨
1. 答案:B,解析:不喜欢蛋糕,但“有时”会吃,“sometimes”(有时)符合语境。
2. 答案:A,解析:不喜欢糖果,但“有时”会吃,“sometimes”(有时)符合语境。
3. 答案:C,解析:不喜欢咖啡,但早上“有时”会喝,“sometimes”(有时)符合语境。
4. 答案:A,解析:Billy“总是”吃太多,“不”喜欢运动,所以胖,“always”(总是)和“doesn't”符合逻辑。
5. 答案:C,解析:不喜欢卡通片,所以“从不”看,“never”(从不)符合语境。
时间介词in / on / at的用法高频易错点04
时间介词on的用法:
(1)具体日期。on May 1st(在五月一日)
(2)星期几。on Monday(在星期一 )
(3)具体某天的早、中、晚
on the morning of March 8th(在3月8日的早上 ),
on a cold evening(在一个寒冷的晚上,这里虽没有具体日期,但强调了“某一个”寒冷的晚上 )。
(4)一些具体到某一天的节日,前面用on。
on National Day 在国庆节
在中国,国庆节是10月1日,所以用on National Day表示在国庆节
(5)用于带有day的特定纪念日等
on Earth Day(在地球日 )
on World Environment Day(在世界环境日 )
时间介词in的用法
(1)用于月份、季节、年份:
in January在一月,in spring在春天 ,in 2025在2025年
(2)用于上午、下午、晚上
in the morning在早上,in the afternoon在下午,in the evening在晚上
(3)常用于一般将来时的句子中,谓语动词常为瞬间性动词。
He will come back in two weeks. 他将在两周后回来。
时间介词at的用法
(1)表示具体的时刻:
at 6:30在六点半,at noon在中午,指中午12点左右
at night在夜晚,通常指天黑之后到午夜之前
at midnight在午夜,即夜里12点
(2)用于某些固定搭配:
at weekends:在周末(英式英语常用,美式英语常用on weekends )。
at the age of:表示“在……岁时” ,“at the age of ten”(在十岁时 )。
at Christmas:在圣诞节期间(强调圣诞节那一段时间 ) 。
易错点提示
在英语中,节日前用什么介词,主要看节日的具体情况,大致可以分为以下几种:
1. 用 on 的情况
指具体的节日当天,或有“Day”的节日,通常用 on。
on Christmas Day在圣诞节当天 on New Year's Day在元旦
on Teachers' Day在教师节
2. 用 at 的情况
指整个节日期间(而非具体某一天),尤其是西方传统节日,常用 at。
at Christmas在圣诞节期间 at Easter在复活节期间
at Halloween在万圣节期间 in the Mid - Autumn Festival 在中秋节期间
小练笔
用时间介词 in、on 或 at 填空
1. We have a PE class ______ Friday afternoon.
2. My birthday is ______ May.
3. He gets up ______ 6:30 every morning.
4. We will go to the park ______ the morning of May 1st.
5. Earth Day is ______ 22nd April.
6. We usually have dinner ______ 7:00 p.m.
7. There are many flowers in the garden ______ spring.
8. They often watch TV ______ night.
9. National Day is ______ October 1st.
10. We have a party ______ New Year's Day.
1. 答案:on,“Friday afternoon”是具体某天的下午,用“on”。
2. 答案:in,“May”是月份,用“in”。
3. 答案:at,“6:30”是具体时刻,用“at”。
4. 答案:on,“the morning of May 1st”是具体某天的早上,用“on”。
5. 答案:on,“22nd April”是具体日期,用“on”。
6. 答案:at,“7:00 p.m.”是具体时刻,用“at”。
7. 答案:in,“spring”是季节,用“in”。
8. 答案:at,“at night”是固定搭配,意为“在夜晚”。
9. 答案:on,“October 1st”是具体日期,用“on”。
10. 答案:on,“New Year's Day”是具体节日(某一天),用“on”。
点
拨
综合训练
一、按要求填空(每题1分,共10分)
1. China (形容词) ____________ 2. sit (现在分词) ____________
3. chat (现在分词) ____________ 4. visit (第三人称单数) ____________
5. dance (现在分词) ____________ 6. go (第三人称单数) ____________
7. her (主格) _____________ 8. picnic (复数) __________
9. uncle(对应词)__________ 10. writing (动词原形) _____________
二、单项选择题(每题1分,共10分)
( )1. —______ do you do with your family at weekends?
—We usually have a picnic.
A. Where B. What C. How
( )2. My uncle ______ in Shanghai. He ______ to Beijing every year.
A. live; go B. lives; goes C. lives; go
( )3. —Does your sister often read storybooks?
—No, she ______. She likes drawing.
A. doesn't B. don't C. isn't
( )4. We have a big dinner ______ the evening of Christmas Day.
A. in B. on C. at
( )5. —______ do you visit your grandparents?
—Once a month.
A. How long B. How often C. How many
( )6. Tom ______ gets up late. He always goes to school early.
A. sometimes B. usually C. never
( )7. There ______ a lot of beautiful flowers in the park ______ spring.
A. are; in B. is; on C. are; at
( )8. —What ______ your mother ______ at weekends?
—She often cooks delicious food.
A. do; do B. does; do C. does; does
( )9. My brother ______ like playing basketball. He ______ plays it with his friends.
A. doesn't; never B. don't; sometimes C. doesn't; often
( )10. We usually go swimming ______ weekends.
A. at B. on C. in
三、用括号内单词的正确形式填空(每题1分,共10分)
1. My father ______ (watch) TV after dinner every day.
2. They ______ (not go) to school on Saturdays.
3. —What ______ (do) your sister usually do at weekends?
—She usually ______ (read) books.
4. Tom and his brother often ______ (play) football in the afternoon.
5. My mother ______ (have) a dancing lesson every Friday.
6. It ______ (rain) a lot in summer here.
7. The students ______ (clean) their classroom every morning.
8. —______ (do) your grandparents live in the city?
—No, they ______ (live) in the countryside.
9. Lily sometimes ______ (go) shopping with her mother on Sundays.
10. He ______ (not like) eating fast food. He thinks it's not healthy.
四、按要求改写句子(每题2分,共20分)
1. He often does his homework in the evening.(改为一般疑问句)
______ he often ______ his homework in the evening?
2. They usually go to the park at weekends.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ they usually ______ at weekends?
3. She has a music lesson every Monday.(改为否定句)
She ______ ______ a music lesson every Monday.
4. I sometimes chat with my friends on the Internet.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ do you chat with your friends on the Internet?
5. They usually watch TV with their family. (用 she 替换 they)
She usually ______ TV with ______ family.
6. He goes to school at 7:30 every morning.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ does he go to school every morning?
7. He does his homework carefully. (改为否定句)
He ______ ______his homework carefully.
8. My sister likes playing the piano.(改为一般疑问句)
______ your sister ______ playing the piano?
9. Bill often visits his uncle at weekends. (划线提问)
________ does Bill often ________ at weekends?
10. The earth goes around the sun.(改为否定句)
The earth ______ ______ around the sun.
五、根据短文内容判断下列句子正误,正确写“T”,不正确写“F”(每题2分,共10分)
My name is Amy. I'm a student in Grade Five. I have a happy family. We always spend weekends together.
On Saturdays, my father usually cleans the house in the morning. My mother often cooks breakfast for us. I help my mother wash the dishes after breakfast. In the afternoon, we often go to the park. My father and I play badminton. My mother takes photos of us. Sometimes we have a picnic in the park.
On Sundays, we usually visit my grandparents. They live in a small town near our city. My grandma always makes delicious cakes for me. My grandpa plays chess with my father. I chat with my grandma about my school life. We go back home in the evening. I always feel happy at weekends.
( ) 1. Amy's father usually cleans the house on Sundays morning.
( ) 2. Amy and her family often go to the park on Saturday afternoons.
( ) 3. Amy's grandparents live in the city.
( ) 4. Amy's grandma makes cakes for her when they visit.
( ) 5. Amy never has a picnic with her family at weekends.
参考答案
一、按要求填空(每题1分,共10分)
1. Chinese
解析:表示国家的名词变形容词,通常在词尾加“-ese”,“China”(中国)的形容词形式为“Chinese”(中国的;中文的;中国人的)。
2. sitting
解析:“sit”(坐)是以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,变现在分词时需双写末尾辅音字母“t”,再加“-ing”,即“sitting”。
3. chatting
解析:“chat”(聊天)是以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母“t”的动词,变现在分词需双写“t”,再加“-ing”,故为“chatting”。
4. visits
解析:一般情况下,动词变第三人称单数形式直接在词尾加“-s”,“visit”(参观;拜访)的第三人称单数为“visits”。
5. dancing
解析:“dance”(跳舞)是以不发音的“e”结尾的动词,变现在分词时需去掉“e”,再加“-ing”,即“dancing”。
6. goes
解析:“go”(去)是特殊变化的动词,其第三人称单数形式为“goes”,需特殊记忆。
7. she
解析:“her”是形容词性物主代词或宾格,意为“她的”或“她”,其主格形式(作句子主语)为“she”(她)。
8. picnics
解析:“picnic”(野餐)是以“c”结尾的名词,变复数时需先加“-k”,再加“-es”,即“picnics”。
9. aunt
解析:“uncle”意为“叔叔;舅舅;伯父”,指男性长辈,对应女性长辈“阿姨;姑姑;伯母”,英文为“aunt”。
10. write
解析:“writing”是动词的现在分词形式,去掉“-ing”后即为动词原形“write”(写)。
二、单项选择题(每题1分,共10分)
答案:BBABB CABCA
1. B
解析:答语“We usually have a picnic”(我们通常去野餐)表示“做的事情”,对“事情”提问用疑问词“What”;“Where”对地点提问,“How”对方式提问,故选B。
2. B
解析:句子描述经常性动作,用一般现在时。主语“My uncle”(我的叔叔)和“He”均为第三人称单数,谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式,“live”的三单是“lives”,“go”的三单是“goes”,故选B。
3. A
解析:问句是以“Does”开头的一般疑问句,否定回答需用“doesn't”(主语是第三人称单数“she”);“don't”用于第一、二人称及复数主语,“isn't”用于否定be动词,故选A。
4. B
解析:时间介词“on”用于“具体某天的早/中/晚”,“the evening of Christmas Day”(圣诞节的晚上)是具体某天的晚上,需用“on”;“in”用于泛指的早/中/晚或月份、季节,“at”用于具体时刻,故选B。
5. B
解析:答语“Once a month”(一个月一次)表示“频率”,对频率提问用“How often”;“How long”对时长提问,“How many”对可数名词数量提问,故选B。
6. C
解析:后句“He always goes to school early”(他总是早早去上学)提示前句应表示“从不晚起”,“never”(从不)符合语境;“sometimes”(有时)、“usually”(通常)与语境不符,故选C。
7. A
解析:第一空,“there be”句型遵循“就近原则”,“a lot of beautiful flowers”(许多漂亮的花)是复数,故用“are”;第二空,“spring”(春天)是季节,时间介词用“in”,故选A。
8. B
解析:问句主语“your mother”(你的妈妈)是第三人称单数,助动词需用“does”,助动词后接动词原形“do”(做);A选项助动词“do”用于非三单主语,C选项第二个“does”是动词三单,不符合助动词后接原形的规则,故选B。
9. C
解析:第一空,主语“My brother”(我的哥哥)是第三人称单数,否定句需用“doesn't”(排除B选项“don't”);第二空,根据逻辑,“喜欢打篮球”应对应“经常玩”,“often”(经常)符合语境,“never”(从不)与“like”矛盾,故选C。
10. A
解析:“at weekends”是固定搭配,意为“在周末”(英式英语常用);“on weekends”是美式英语表达,题目未明确美式语境,“at weekends”更符合译林版教材常用搭配,“in”不与“weekends”搭配,故选A。
三、用括号内单词的正确形式填空(每题1分,共10分)
1. watches
解析:“every day”(每天)提示句子用一般现在时,主语“My father”是第三人称单数,“watch”的三单形式为“watches”(以“ch”结尾的动词变三单加“-es”)。
2. don't go
解析:“on Saturdays”(在周六)提示用一般现在时,主语“They”是复数,否定句需借助助动词“don't”,后接动词原形“go”。
3. does; reads
解析:“usually”(通常)提示用一般现在时,主语“your sister”是第三人称单数,问句助动词用“does”;答句主语“She”也是第三人称单数,“read”的三单形式为“reads”。
4. play
解析:“often”(经常)提示用一般现在时,主语“Tom and his brother”是复数,谓语动词用原形“play”。
5. has
解析:“every Friday”(每周五)提示用一般现在时,主语“My mother”是第三人称单数,“have”的三单形式为“has”(特殊变化)。
6. rains
解析:句子描述客观情况(夏天多雨),用一般现在时,主语“It”是第三人称单数,“rain”的三单形式为“rains”。
7. clean
解析:“every morning”(每天早上)提示用一般现在时,主语“The students”是复数,谓语动词用原形“clean”。
8. Do; live
解析:问句主语“your grandparents”是复数,助动词用“do”(句首首字母大写);答句主语“they”是复数,谓语动词用原形“live”。
9. goes
解析:“sometimes”(有时)提示用一般现在时,主语“Lily”是第三人称单数,“go”的三单形式为“goes”。
10. doesn't like
解析:句子描述喜好,用一般现在时,主语“He”是第三人称单数,否定句需借助助动词“doesn't”,后接动词原形“like”。
四、按要求改写句子(每题2分,共20分)
1. Does; do
解析:原句是一般现在时,主语“He”是第三人称单数,改为一般疑问句需借助助动词“Does”(句首首字母大写),助动词后接动词原形“do”(原句“does”还原为原形“do”)。
2. What do; do
解析:划线部分“go to the park”(去公园)表示“做的事情”,对事情提问用“What”;原句主语“They”是复数,借助助动词“do”,后接动词原形“do”(代替划线部分的动作)。
3. doesn't have
解析:原句是一般现在时,主语“She”是第三人称单数,改为否定句需借助助动词“doesn't”,后接动词原形“have”(原句“has”还原为原形“have”)。
4. How often
解析:划线部分“sometimes”(有时)表示“频率”,对频率提问用疑问词组“How often”(句首首字母大写)。
5. watches; her
解析:用“she”(第三人称单数)替换“they”(复数)后,谓语动词“watch”需变为三单形式“watches”;形容词性物主代词“their”(他们的)需对应变为“her”(她的)。
6. What time
解析:划线部分“at 7:30”(在七点半)表示“具体时刻”,对具体时刻提问用疑问词组“What time”(句首首字母大写)。
7. doesn't do
解析:原句是一般现在时,主语“He”是第三人称单数,改为否定句需借助助动词“doesn't”,后接动词原形“do”(原句“does”还原为原形“do”)。
8. Does; like
解析:原句是一般现在时,主语“My sister”是第三人称单数,改为一般疑问句需借助助动词“Does”(句首首字母大写),助动词后接动词原形“like”(原句“likes”还原为原形“like”)。
9. What; do
解析:划线部分“visits his uncle”(拜访他的叔叔)表示“做的事情”,对事情提问用“What”;原句主语“Bill”是第三人称单数,借助助动词“does”,后接动词原形“do”(代替划线部分的动作)。
10. doesn't go
解析:原句是客观真理(地球绕太阳转),通常用肯定句;题目要求改为否定句,需借助助动词“doesn't”(主语“The earth”是第三人称单数),后接动词原形“go”(原句“goes”还原为原形“go”)。
五、根据短文内容判断下列句子正误(每题2分,共10分)
答案:FTFTF
1. F
解析:短文中提到“On Saturdays, my father usually cleans the house in the morning”(在周六,我爸爸通常早上打扫房子),而非“ Sundays morning”(周日早上),故句子错误。
2. T
解析:短文中明确表述“In the afternoon, we often go to the park”(下午,我们经常去公园),且该句前提是“On Saturdays”(在周六),即“周六下午经常去公园”,故句子正确。
3. F
解析:短文中提到“They live in a small town near our city”(他们住在我们城市附近的一个小镇上),而非“in the city”(在城市里),故句子错误。
4. T
解析:短文中提到“My grandma always makes delicious cakes for me”(我奶奶总是给我做美味的蛋糕),“they”指代“Amy和家人”,即拜访时奶奶会做蛋糕,故句子正确。
5. F
解析:短文中提到“Sometimes we have a picnic in the park”(有时我们会在公园里野餐),“sometimes”(有时)与“never”(从不)矛盾,故句子错误。
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