Unit 5 What do they do（易错题专项练习·基础提升）英语译林版三起五年级上册

Unit 5 What do they do? 专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练 语音、词汇、短语 基础知识 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 高频易错点01 字母“y”的发音（P53） High, high in the sky, I can see a butterfly. High, high in the sky, I wish I could fly! 字母“y”在这里发音/aɪ/，如 fly/flaɪ/ sky /skaɪ/ my/maɪ/ try/traɪ/ 易错点提示 字母“y”还可以发音/j/，如 yellow/ˈjeləʊ/ year/jɪə/ young/jʌŋ/ 字母“y”还可以发音/ɪ/，如 happy/ˈhæpi/ baby /ˈbeɪbi/ city /ˈsɪti/ 小练笔 从下列每组单词中选出画线部分音标不同的一项。 ( )1. A．young B．pity C．your ( )2. A．year B．my C．by ( )3.A．sky B．fly C．story ( )4.A．hobby B．family C．fly ( )5.A．yellow B．my C．yes 1. 答案：B ，因为A和C中“y”发/j/ ，B中“y”发/i/ 。 2. 答案：A ，因为B和C中“y”发/aɪ/ ，A中“y”发/j/ 。 3. 答案：C ，因为A和B中“y”发/aɪ/ ，C中“y”发/i/ 。 4. 答案：C ，因为A和B中“y”发/i/ ，C中“y”发/aɪ/ 。 5. 答案：B ，因为A和C中“y”发/j/ ，B中“y”发/aɪ/ 。 点 拨 高频易错点02 My father is a doctor. He helps sick people.（P49） help v.帮助 helpful adj.有帮助的 helpless adj.无助的 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 = help sb. with sth. I often help my mother (to) do housework. = I often help my mother with housework. 我经常帮助我妈妈做家务。 易错点提示 help n.帮助，援助；帮手，为不可数名词 （1）with the help of ，意为“在……的帮助下” With the help of my teacher, I made great progress in English. 在老师的帮助下，我在英语方面取得了很大进步 。 （2）ask for help ，意思是“寻求帮助” 。 When you are in trouble, you can ask for help. 当你遇到困难时，可以寻求帮助 。 小练笔 单项选择 ( )1. My sister often helps me ______ my math homework. A. to B. with C. for ( )2. —______ I ______ you? —Yes, please. I need a pen. A. Can; help B. Do; help C. Am; helping ( )3. With the ______ of my parents, I finish the difficult task. A. helpful B. helpless C. help ( )4. We should ______ the old people cross the road. A. help B. helps C. to help 5. I often help my mother do housework.（改为同义句） I often help my mother ______ housework. 1.答案：B，“help sb. with sth.”是固定搭配，意为“在某事上帮助某人”，这里表示姐姐在数学作业方面帮助“我”，所以选B。 2.答案：A，“Can I help you?”是常用的服务性用语，用于询问对方是否需要帮助，符合语境，所以选A。 3.答案：C，“with the help of...”是固定短语，意为“在……的帮助下”，这里需要名词“help”，所以选C。 4.答案：A，“should”是情态动词，后接动词原形，“help”是原形，“helps”是第三人称单数形式，“to help”是动词不定式，所以选A。 5.答案：with，“help sb. do sth.”的同义结构是“help sb. with sth.”，这里把“do housework”转换为“with housework” ，所以填“with”。 点 拨 高频易错点03 He teaches English.He has a lot of students.（P48） a lot of = lots of, 意思是“很多”，后面既可以接可数名词复数，也可以接不可数名词。 a lot of + 可数名词复数 = many + 可数名词复数 a lot of books = lots of books = many books 很多书 a lot of + 不可数名词 = much + 不可数名词 a lot of soup = lots of soup = much soup 很多汤 易错点提示 a lot of和a lot 区别： (1) a lot of 词性：是形容词性短语，用来修饰名词，表示“许多，大量的”。 用法：后面可以接可数名词复数形式，也可以接不可数名词 。 接可数名词复数，There are a lot of students in the classroom. 教室里有许多学生。 接不可数名词，I have a lot of homework to do. 我有许多家庭作业要做。 (2) a lot 词性：是副词性短语，用来修饰动词，表示程度，意思是“很，非常”，相当于“very much”。 用法：在句中作状语，通常放在动词后面 。 I like English a lot.（我非常喜欢英语。） 小练笔 单项选择 ( )1. There are ______ apples on the tree. A. a lot B. a lot of C. lot of ( )2. He likes reading ______. A. a lot B. a lot of C. lots ( )3. She has ______ homework to do today. A. a lot B. many C. a lot of ( )4. —Do you like music? —Yes, I like it ______. A. a lot of B. a lot C. lots of 1. 答案：B，“a lot of”（=lots of）可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，“apples”是可数名词复数，“a lot”常修饰动词，“lot of”表述错误 ，所以选B。 2. 答案：A，“a lot”修饰动词“likes”，表示程度“很；非常” ；“a lot of”后接名词，“lots”常和“of”搭配，所以选A。 3. 答案：C，“homework”是不可数名词，“a lot of”可修饰不可数名词 ；“a lot”修饰动词，“many”修饰可数名词复数，所以选C。 4. 答案：B，“a lot”修饰动词“like”，表示程度“很；非常” ；“a lot of”“lots of”后接名词，所以选B。 点 拨 高频易错点04 She helps sick people.（P52） sick adj.表示“生病的；不舒服的” 常作定语（放在名词前，修饰名词），说明人或动物的状态。 My grandma is a sick woman. 我奶奶是一位生病的老人。 The sick cat can't eat. 这只生病的猫不能吃东西了。 常作表语（放在be动词/系动词后，说明主语状态），表示“感到不舒服”。 I feel sick today. 我今天感觉不舒服。 She is sick and can't go to school. 她生病了，不能去上学。 易错点提示 sick 与 ill 的核心区分 “sick能在前（修饰名词），ill只能后（作表语）；生病都能用，恶心只用sick。” “生病的男孩”是a sick boy，不能说an ill boy； “感觉恶心”是feel sick，不能说feel ill 小练笔 选词填空（用 sick 或 ill 填空） 1. The ______ dog looks very weak. 2. My mother is ______ today, so she can't cook for us. 3. He felt ______ after eating the bad food. 4. We shouldn't laugh at the ______ man. 5. —Is your sister ______? —Yes. She has a fever. 1. sick（作定语修饰 dog，ill 不能作定语，填 sick ） 2. ill/sick（作表语，“生病的” ，sick 和 ill 都能选 ） 3. sick（feel sick 表示 “感觉恶心”，ill 无此含义，填 sick ） 4. sick（作定语修饰 man，ill 不能作定语，填 sick ） 5. ill/sick（作表语，“生病的” ，sick 和 ill 都能选 ） 点 拨 高频易错点05 My mother is a factory worker. She makes sweets.（P49） sweet n. 糖果；甜点 My mom gives me some sweet after dinner. 妈妈饭后给我一些糖果。 I like eating sweets (英式：糖果). 我喜欢吃糖果。 sweet adj. 表示“甜的；甜美的”，修饰味道或感受。 The apple is sweet. 这个苹果是甜的。 She has a sweet smile. 她有甜美的笑容。 易错点提示 sugar / candy / sweet的区分 小练笔 按要求改写句子 1. The apple is sweet.（改为复数句） The __________ __________ sweet. 2. My sister likes sweet food.（对划线部分提问） __________ __________ your sister like? 3. He has a sweet candy.（改为一般疑问句） __________ he __________ a sweet candy? 4. This sweet is for you.（改为复数句） These __________ __________ for you. 1. apples；are（apple的复数是apples，be动词is对应变为are ） 2. What does（对“sweet food”提问，用what，主语your sister是第三人称单数，助动词用does ） 3. Does；have（一般疑问句，主语he是第三人称单数，助动词用does，has变回原形have ） 4. sweets；are（sweet的复数是sweets，be动词is变为are ） 点 拨 综合训练 一、选出发音不同的一项（每题2分，共10分） ( )1. A. sky B. happy C. fly D. my ( )2. A. year B. young C. yellow D. by ( )3. A. story B. pity C. family D. try ( )4. A. hobby B. baby C. city D. sky ( )5. A. yes B. my C. your D. young 二、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分） ( )1. —What ____ your mother do? —She is a nurse. She helps ____ people. A. do; sick B. does; sick C. is; ill D. are; ill ( )2. My father is a factory ____. He ____ in a big factory. A. work; work B. worker; works C. worker; work D. work; works ( )3. —____ does your uncle work? —He works at home. He writes ____. A. Where; story B. What; stories C. Where; stories D. What; story ( )4. With the ____ of my teacher, I can speak English well. A. help B. helpful C. helpless D. helps ( )5. My aunt is an English teacher. She ____ English and has ____ students. A. teach; a lot B. teaches; a lot of C. teach; a lot of D. teaches; a lot ( )6. —Is your grandpa a ____? —Yes. He grows vegetables on a farm. A. doctor B. driver C. farmer D. cook ( )7. We should ____ old people cross the road. It’s a helpful thing to do. A. help B. helps C. to help D. helping ( )8. —Do you like eating ____? —Yes, but I don’t eat too many. They are not good for teeth. A. sugar B. sweet C. candies D. candy ( )9. —What ____ your parents do? —My father is a cook, ____ my mother is a teacher. A. do; and B. does; but C. do; or D. does; so ( )10. My brother wants to be a ____. He likes ____ cars. A. driver; drive B. drive; driving C. driver; driving D. drive; drive 三、用括号内单词的正确形式填空（每题2分，共20分） 1. My uncle is a ____ (write). He ____ (write) stories at home. 2. —What ____ (do) your sister do? —She is a nurse. She ____ (help) sick people every day. 3. There are ____ (lot) of students in our school. They all like their teachers. 4. The ____ (sick) cat can’t walk. Let’s take it to the animal hospital. 5. My mother is a factory ____ (work). She ____ (make) sweets in the factory. 6. With the help of my parents, I ____ (finish) my homework quickly every day. 7. —Do you like ____ (sweet)? —No, I don’t. I think they are too sweet. 8. My father ____ (not be) a doctor. He is a policeman. 9. She often ____ (help) me ____ (with) my English. I thank her very much. 10. The farmers ____ (grow) many vegetables on the farm. They are fresh. 四、句型转换（每题3分，共18分） 1. My father is a factory worker.（对划线部分提问） ____ ____ your father ____? 2. Tom’s mother works in a hospital.（对划线部分提问） ____ ____ Tom’s mother ____? 3. My aunt is an English teacher.（改为一般疑问句并作否定回答） —____ ____ aunt an English teacher? —____, ____ ____. 4. He helps sick people.（改为否定句） He ____ ____ sick people. 5. She has a lot of students.（改为同义句） She has ____ ____ students. 6. Does your brother want to be a driver?（作肯定回答） ____, ____ ____. 五、阅读理解（每题2.4分，共12分） Hello, everyone! My name is Tom. I’m a student in Grade Five. Let me tell you about my family’s jobs. My father is a doctor. He works in a big hospital. He gets up early every morning and goes to work by bike. He helps sick people, so many people like him. My mother is a teacher. She teaches English in my school. She has a lot of students. Her students say she is a good teacher. My uncle is a factory worker. He works in a car factory. He makes cars. He likes his job because he loves cars. My aunt is a nurse. She works in the same hospital as my father. She helps my father look after sick people. I love my family. I want to be a policeman when I grow up. I want to help people too. ( )1. What does Tom’s father do? A. A teacher. B. A doctor. C. A worker. D. A nurse. ( )2. Where does Tom’s mother work? A. In a hospital. B. In a factory. C. In Tom’s school. D. At home. ( )3. Why does Tom’s uncle like his job? A. Because he can help people. B. Because he likes making cars. C. Because he works with his friends. D. Because the job is easy. ( )4. Who works in the hospital? A. Tom’s father and mother. B. Tom’s father and uncle. C. Tom’s father and aunt. D. Tom’s mother and aunt. ( )5. What does Tom want to be when he grows up? A. A doctor. B. A teacher. C. A worker. D. A policeman 参考答案 一、选出发音不同的一项（每题2分，共10分） 答案：B D D D B 1. 答案：B 解析：A、C、D选项中“y”均发/aɪ/音；B选项“happy”中“y”发/ɪ/音，发音不同，故选B。 2. 答案：D 解析：A、B、C选项中“y”均发/j/音；D选项“by”中“y”发/aɪ/音，发音不同，故选D。 3. 答案：D 解析：A、B、C选项中“y”均发/ɪ/音；D选项“try”中“y”发/aɪ/音，发音不同，故选D。 4. 答案：D 解析：A、B、C选项中“y”均发/ɪ/音；D选项“sky”中“y”发/aɪ/音，发音不同，故选D。 5. 答案：B 解析：A、C、D选项中“y”均发/j/音；B选项“my”中“y”发/aɪ/音，发音不同，故选B。 二、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分） 答案：1-5 B B C A B 6-10 C A C A C 1. 答案：B 解析：第一空，主语“your mother”是第三人称单数，询问职业用“What does sb. do?”，故用“does”；第二空，修饰名词“people”需用形容词，“ill”不能作定语，“sick”可作定语，意为“生病的”，故选B。 2. 答案：B 解析：第一空，“factory worker”是固定搭配，意为“工厂工人”，用“worker”；第二空，主语“He”是第三人称单数，谓语动词用“works”，故选B。 3. 答案：C 解析：第一空，根据答语“He works at home”可知询问“工作地点”，用“Where”；第二空，“write stories”表示“写故事”，“story”的复数形式是“stories”，表泛指，故选C。 4. 答案：A 解析：“with the help of...”是固定短语，意为“在……的帮助下”，此处需用名词“help”；“helpful”是形容词（有帮助的），“helpless”是形容词（无助的），“helps”是动词第三人称单数，均不符合搭配，故选A。 5. 答案：B 解析：第一空，主语“She”是第三人称单数，谓语动词用“teaches”；第二空，修饰名词“students”需用形容词性短语，“a lot of”可修饰可数名词复数，“a lot”是副词性短语，不能修饰名词，故选B。 6. 答案：C 解析：根据答语“He grows vegetables on a farm”可知，“爷爷是农民”，“farmer”意为“农民”；“doctor”（医生）、“driver”（司机）、“cook”（厨师）均不符合语境，故选C。 7. 答案：A 解析：“should”是情态动词，后接动词原形，“help”是原形，“helps”是第三人称单数，“to help”是动词不定式，“helping”是动名词，故选A。 8. 答案：C 解析：根据答语“too many”可知，空处需用可数名词复数，“candies”是“candy”的复数形式，意为“糖果”；“sugar”是不可数名词（糖），“sweet”作名词时表“糖果”常用单数（英式），“candy”单数形式与“too many”不搭配，故选C。 9. 答案：A 解析：第一空，主语“your parents”是复数，询问职业用“What do sb. do?”，用“do”；第二空，前后句是并列关系，用“and”；“but”（转折）、“or”（选择）、“so”（因果）均不符合语境，故选A。 10. 答案：C 解析：第一空，“want to be a driver”表示“想成为一名司机”，用“driver”；第二空，“like doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“喜欢做某事”，用“driving”，故选C。 三、用括号内单词的正确形式填空（每题2分，共20分） 1. 答案：writer; writes 解析：第一空，“a writer”表示“一名作家”，“write”的名词形式是“writer”；第二空，主语“He”是第三人称单数，谓语动词用“writes”。 2. 答案：does; helps 解析：第一空，主语“your sister”是第三人称单数，询问职业用“does”；第二空，主语“She”是第三人称单数，谓语动词用“helps”。 3. 答案：lots 解析：“lots of”是固定短语，意为“许多”，等同于“a lot of”，后接可数名词复数，故填“lots”。 4. 答案：sick 解析：此处修饰名词“cat”，需用形容词“sick”（生病的），“sick”可作定语，“ill”不能作定语，故填“sick”。 5. 答案：worker; makes 解析：第一空，“factory worker”是固定搭配，意为“工厂工人”，用“worker”；第二空，主语“She”是第三人称单数，谓语动词用“makes”。 6. 答案：finish 解析：根据“every day”可知句子是一般现在时，主语“I”是第一人称，谓语动词用原形“finish”。 7. 答案：sweets 解析：“sweet”作名词表“糖果”时，常用复数形式“sweets”（英式），表泛指“糖果”，故填“sweets”。 8. 答案：isn't 解析：主语“My father”是第三人称单数，“be”动词用“is”，否定形式是“isn't”，故填“isn't”。 9. 答案：helps; with 解析：第一空，主语“She”是第三人称单数，谓语动词用“helps”；第二空，“help sb. with sth.”是固定搭配，意为“帮助某人做某事”，故填“with”。 10. 答案：grow 解析：根据“they are fresh”可知句子是一般现在时，主语“The farmers”是复数，谓语动词用原形“grow”。 四、句型转换（每题3分，共18分） 1. 答案：What does; do 解析：划线部分“a factory worker”是职业，询问职业用“What does sb. do?”，主语“your father”是第三人称单数，助动词用“does”，谓语动词用原形“do”。 2. 答案：Where does; work 解析：划线部分“in a hospital”是工作地点，询问地点用“Where”，主语“Tom’s mother”是第三人称单数，助动词用“does”，谓语动词用原形“work”。 3. 答案：Is your; No; she isn't 解析：改为一般疑问句时，将“is”提前，“my”改为“your”，即“Is your aunt an English teacher?”；否定回答用“No, she isn't”，“aunt”用“she”指代。 4. 答案：doesn't help 解析：主语“He”是第三人称单数，改为否定句时，需加助动词“doesn't”，谓语动词“helps”变回原形“help”。 5. 答案：lots of 解析：“a lot of”的同义短语是“lots of”，均意为“许多”，可修饰可数名词复数，故填“lots of”。 6. 答案：Yes; he does 解析：一般疑问句“Does your brother...?”的肯定回答用“Yes, he does”，“your brother”用“he”指代，助动词与问句一致，用“does”。 五、阅读理解（每题2.4分，共12分） 答案：B C B C D 1. 答案：B 解析：根据文中“My father is a doctor”可知，“Tom的爸爸是医生”，故选B。 2. 答案：C 解析：根据文中“My mother is a teacher. She teaches English in my school”可知，“Tom的妈妈在Tom的学校工作”，故选C。 3. 答案：B 解析：根据文中“My uncle... He likes his job because he loves cars”可知，“Tom的叔叔喜欢工作是因为他喜欢制造汽车”，故选B。 4. 答案：C 解析：根据文中“My father is a doctor. He works in a big hospital”和“My aunt is a nurse. She works in the same hospital as my father”可知，“Tom的爸爸和姑姑在医院工作”，故选C。 5. 答案：D 解析：根据文中“I want to be a policeman when I grow up”可知，“Tom长大后想成为警察”，故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $