期中复习讲义(外研版)-2025-2026学年高一上学期《英语期中考点大串讲》

2025-10-30
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编写说明:2025-2026学年高一上学期《英语期中考点大串讲》以《英语 基础模块1》(外研版)教材1-4单元内容为基准,精准覆盖核心考点,并紧密贴合职教高考真题题型,包括复习讲义和模拟卷在内的4份资源,旨在为学生提供全方位、高效的期中复习解决方案。 本专题是2025-2026学年高一上学期《英语期中考点大串讲》(外研版)的第1份资源,内容为期中复习讲义。 2025-2026学年高一上学期《英语期中考点大串讲》 期中复习讲义 目录 明·期中考情································1 记·必考知识································4 知识点01 单元重点词汇···························4 知识点02 单元重点语法···························14 知识点03 单元重点句型····························32 练·10分钟·································8 知识点01·································8 知识点02································28 知识点03································40 破·提高题型································45 考试复习范围:《英语 基础模块1》(外研版)Unit 1~4 核心考点 复习目标 考情规律 一般现在时 掌握一般现在时的句型、三单变形 基础必考点,常出现在选择题 代词 人称代词(主格): I, you, he, she, it, we, they,能作句子主语。 物主代词(形容词性): my, your, his, her, its, our, their,后必须接名词。 单项选择,补全对话,短文填空经常考到。 疑问词 能根据答句选择正确的疑问词: What(什么/职业), Who(谁), Where(哪里), How much(多少钱), When(什么时候)。 单项选择、补全对话 介词 掌握基础用法: at + 小地点/具体时间点 (at home, at 7:00) in + 大地点/年月 (in China, in 2024) on + 星期/具体日期 (on Monday) 单项选择 重点词汇, Unit 1: 问候与介绍 (greetings, introductions)、个人信息 (name, age, country, nationality, school, class)、职业 (teacher, student, worker, etc.) Unit 2: 学校设施 (classroom, library, playground, office)、学习科目 (English, Chinese, math, PE, music)、学校活动 (study, play, read, write) Unit 3: 家庭成员 (family members)、外貌性格描述 (tall, short, kind, friendly)、爱好 (hobbies) Unit 4: 日常作息 (get up, go to school, have lessons, go home)、时间表达法、周末活动 (watch TV, play sports, go shopping) 能够进行词义辨析、词性转换 重点考查名词(人物、地点、事物)、动词(尤其是行为动词和be动词)、形容词(描述性词汇)、代词(人称代词、物主代词)和数词(基数词)。 书面表达: 题目通常与单元主题紧密相关,如 “写一篇关于你自己的短文(约80-120词)”,内容需包括姓名、年龄、家庭、学校、爱好等。 考查单词在具体语境(如句子、对话)中的正确拼写和用法 自我介绍与介绍他人 What's your name? My name is... Where are you from? I'm from... What do you do? I'm a student. This is my friend. He/She is a... 补全对话、书面表达、阅读理解 购物与问价 What time do you get up? I get up at 6:30. When do you go to school? I go to school at 7:00. My father works in a hospital. 补全对话、书面表达 询问与描述日常生活 Can I help you? Yes, I'd like... How much is the...? It's ... yuan. How much are the...? They're ... yuan. 补全对话,单项选择交际用语 知识点01 单元重点词汇 1. poster n. 海报 2. nursing n. 护理技巧 3. workshop n. 车间;工场 4. e-commerce n.电子商务 5. patient n.病人 6. sound v. 听起来 7. field n. 领域;范围 8. company n..公司 9. design v. 设计;计划 10. confidently adv. 自信地 11. call v. 打电话,叫喊 12. performance n.表演;演出 13. oral adj.口头的;口述 14. dormitory n.寝室 15. mechanical adj. 机械的 16. operate v.操作 17. practise v. 练习;训练;实习 18. cookery n. 烹饪法;烹饪术 19. practical adj. 实践的;实际的 20. agency n.代办处;中介处 21. join v.参加,加入 22. photography n.摄影 23. besides adv. 除此之外;而且 24. major n.某专业的学生;专业 25. assistant n.助手;助理 26. comment n.评论;意见 27. humorous adj.幽默的 28. relationship n.关系 29. down adj. 不开心的 30. close adj. 亲密的 31. final adj. 最终的;最后的 32. pressure n. 压力 33. apology n. 道歉 34. considerate adj. 替他人考虑的 35. mean v. 意欲;打算 36. respect v. 尊重 37. topic n. 话题 38. recognise v. 认出 39. casual adj. 感情不深的;随便的 40. prefer v. 更喜欢 41. volunteer n. 志愿者 42. gifted adj.有才华的 43. outdoors adv. 在户外 44. bother v. 使担心;使苦恼 45. worried adj. 担心的 46. exam n.考试 47. issue n.问题 48. Forgive v. 原谅 49. comfort v.安慰 50. fault n. 责任;过错 51. argument n. 争论;争吵 52. detail n. 细节 53. normal adj. 平常的;正常的 54. acquaintance n. 相识的 55. exactly adv.精确地;正好 56. unhappy adj. 不快乐的 57. confident adj. 有信心的 58. group v.(使)形成一组 59. fitness n.健康 60. teamwork n. 团队合作 61. national adj. 国家的;民族的 62. refreshed adj.神清气爽的 63. recently adv.最近;不久前 64. celebrate v.庆祝 65. strengthen v.(使)变强;加强 66. beyond adv. & prep. 超出(某个数量、水平或限度) 67. annual adj. 一年一度的;每年的 68. gym n. 体育馆;健身房 69. event n. 活动(指演出、体育比赛、聚会等)breathe v. 呼吸 70. diet n. 日常饮食;节食 71. plank n. 平板支撑 72. goal n. 目标 73. tight adj.紧的 74. stretch v. 伸展 75. need v. 需要 76. competition n. 竞赛;比赛 77. strength n. 力量;长处 78. jogging n. 慢跑 79. quit v. 停止做……;离开 80. trend n. 趋势;动向 81. encourage v. 鼓励 82. elderly adj. 年老的 83. various adj. 各种各样的 84. suit v. 适合 85. upset adj. 不快的;烦恼的 86. indoor adj.室内的;户内的 87. outdoor adj. 室外的;户外的 88. ankle n.脚踝 89. jeans n. 牛仔裤 90. immediately adv.立刻 91. harm v. 伤害 92. energyn. 力量;能源 93. fairness n. 公平 94. direction n.方向 95. transport n. 交通 96. transfer v. 换乘 97. downstairs adv.楼下 98. benefit n. 好处;益处 99. extensive adj. 广阔的;大量的 100. convenient adj. 方便的 101. global adj. 全球的 102. interview v. 采访 103. block v. 阻挡;堵塞n.街区 104. crowded adj. 拥挤的 105. range n. 范围 106. budget n. 预算 107. wedding n. 婚礼 108. means n.工具 109. ahead adv. 在前面 110. download v. 下载 111. distance n. 距离 112. economy n. 经济 113. network n.网络 114. within prep. 在⋯…之内;不到 115. effect n. 影响 116. avenue n. 大街 117. delay v. 推迟;延期 118. view n. 视野 119. cover v. 包含;包括 120. seasick adj. 晕船的 121. ceremony n. 典礼;仪式 1. program design 程序设计 2. take care of=look after 照顾 3. tour guide 导游 4. give sb. sth.=give sth.to sb. 给某人某物 5. look forward to doing sth. 期盼做…… 6. skill-training workshops 实训室 7. vocational school 职业学校 8. practise doing sth. 练习做某事 9. come from = be from 来自 10. hear from sb. 收到某人的来信 11. be crazy about 对……着迷 12. like doing sth. 喜欢做某事(经常做) 13. like to do sth. 喜欢做某事(偶尔做〉 14. want to do sth.=would like to do sth. =feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 15. introduce oneself 自我介绍 16. one by one 一个接一个;依次地 17. public relations 公共关系 18. be fond of对……感兴趣 19. get angry with 对……生气 20. get along well 相处融洽 21. in common 共同的 22. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 23. rather than 而不是 24. be good at(doing)sth. 擅长(做)某事 25. make friends with与……交朋友 26. in anger 愤怒地 27. shout at 冲某人大声喊叫 28. be worried about 担心…… 29. quarrel with 与……争吵 30. pay attention to 注意;留心 31. keep in touch with sb. 和某人保持联系 32. be interested in 对……感兴趣 33. go swimming 去游泳 34. do Tai Chi 打太极拳 35. go dancing 去跳舞 36. be good at 擅长 37. on campus 在校园里 38. be busy with 忙于…⋯ 39. the elderly 老年人 40. get together 聚在一起 41. such as 例如 42. both...and...两者都 43. try out 尝试;测验;选拔 44. leave behind 留下;把抛在后面 45. in the eyes of 在……的眼中;在……看来 46. be upset about 对……感到沮丧 47. soft drink 软饮料(指不含酒精的饮料) 48. give tips on 给出关于……的提示 49. a pair of 一双;一剐for example 例如 50. have a cold 感冒 51. Olympic Games 奥运会 52. play table tennis 打乒乓球 53. go jogging慢跑 54. play video games 玩电子游戏 55. by the way 顺便地;顺便说一句 56. two or three times a week 一周两到三次 57. set up 建立 58. take part in/join in 参加;参与 59. do physical exercise 做体育锻炼 60. be part of 成……一部分;参与 61. take part in 参加 62. be good for 对……有好处 63. mobile phone 移动电话;手机 64. couch potato 沙发土豆(爱看电视、不运动的人) 65. go on a diet 节食;用规定食谱 66. brisk walk 快步走 67. as to 至于;谈到…… 68. sports shoes 运动鞋 69. too much 太多 70. give up 放弃 71. build up 建立;塑造 72. on foot 步行 73. ride a bike 骑自行车 74. subway station 地铁站 75. road sign 路牌 76. turn left 左转 77. high-speed railway 高铁 78. a global village 地球村 79. bike-sharing 共享单车 80. wedding ceremony 婚礼 81. get to 到达 82. learn about 了解 83. be located in...位于;坐落于 84. take a subway 坐地铁 85. by air 乘飞机 86. traffic lights 交通灯 87. bus stop公车站 88. rush hour 高峰时间 89. all over the world # t$ 90. sharing economy 共享经济 91. regular train 普通火车 92. sea views 海景 93. far from 远离 94. turn intolead to 通向 1. After graduating from the ________, he became a skilled mechanic. A. patient B. vocational school C. apology D. Topic 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:从________毕业后,他成为一名技术娴熟的机械师。A. patient病人;B. vocational school职业学校;C. apology道歉;D. topic话题。根据句意“成为一名技术娴熟的机械师”可知,他毕业于培养技能人才的职业学校。故选B。 2. She is a very ________ person who always thinks about others' feelings before speaking. A. considerate B. final C. casual D. tight 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她是一个非常________的人,说话前总会考虑他人的感受。A. considerate体贴的;B. final最终的;C. casual随便的;D. tight紧的。根据后半句“总是考虑他人的感受”可知,空格处应填入表示“体贴的”形容词。故选A。 3. Many people ________ to keep fit, but they often quit after a few weeks. A. comment B. prefer C. practise jogging D. recognise 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词(短语)词义辨析。句意:许多人通过________来保持健康,但他们往往几周后就放弃了。A. comment评论;B. prefer更喜欢;C. practise jogging练习慢跑;D. recognise认出。根据句意“保持健康”和“放弃”可知,空格处应填入一种具体的健身方式。故选C。 4. I ________ from my pen pal in the UK every month. It's great to get her letters. A. am crazy about B. hear from C. am located in D. keep in touch with 【答案】B 【详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意:我每个月都________我在英国的笔友。收到她的信真好。A. am crazy about对……着迷;B. hear from收到……的来信;C. am located in位于;D. keep in touch with与……保持联系。根据答语“收到她的信真好”可知,前半句是指“收到笔友的来信”。故选B。 5. The main ________ of their argument was the high cost of the new project. A. topic B. pressure C. event D.goal 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们争论的主要________是新项目的高成本。A. topic话题;B. pressure压力;C. event事件;D. goal目标。根据句意“新项目的高成本”是争论的内容,可知空格处应填入表示“话题”的名词。故选A。 6. The new highway will ________ the small town, making it much easier to travel to the city. A. be good for B. block C. lead to D. forgive 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词(短语)词义辨析。句意:这条新高速公路将________这个小城镇,使得去城市旅行容易得多。A. be good对……有好处;B. block阻挡;C. lead to通向;D. forgive原谅。根据结果“去城市更容易”可知,高速公路是“通向”小镇,从而方便了交通。故选C。 7. He felt ________ after the long argument with his best friend and didn't want to talk to anyone. A. refreshed B. confident C. down D. considerate 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在和最好的朋友长时间争吵后,他感到非常________,不想和任何人说话。A. refreshed神清气爽的;B. confident有信心的;C. down情绪低落的;D. considerate体贴的。根据“争吵后不想说话”可知,他的情绪是低落、不开心的。故选C。 8. To build up your core ________, trainers often recommend doing the ________ exercise. A. strength / apology B. energy / oral C. strength / plank D. pressure / performance 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析及常识。句意:为了增强你的核心________,教练经常推荐做________运动。A. strength力量 / apology道歉;B. energy能量 / oral口头的;C. strength力量 / plank平板支撑;D. pressure压力 / performance表演。根据健身常识,“核心力量”是固定搭配,而“平板支撑”是锻炼核心力量的经典动作。故选C。 9. During the ________ hour, the subway is extremely ________. A. annual / extensive B. rush / crowded C. final / convenient D. national / various 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析及固定搭配。句意:在________时段,地铁非常________。A. annual一年的 / extensive广阔的;B. rush高峰的 / crowded拥挤的;C. final最终的 / convenient方便的;D. national国家的 / various各种各样的。“rush hour(高峰时间)”和“crowded(拥挤的)”是描述交通状况的固定搭配。故选B。 10. If you want to stay healthy, you should ________ eating too much fast food. A. be fond of B. be upset about C. give up D. be located in 【答案】C 【详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意:如果你想保持健康,你应该________吃太多快餐。A. be fond of喜欢;B. be upset about对……感到沮丧;C. give up放弃;D. be located in位于。根据“保持健康”的建议,可知应“放弃”吃太多快餐这种不健康的行为。故选C。 11. We need to ________ a time to ________ and discuss the plans for the wedding ceremony. A. operate / go on a diet B. set up / get together C. download / recognise D. forgive / comfort 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词(短语)词义辨析。句意:我们需要________一个时间________,讨论婚礼的计划。A. operate操作 / go on a diet节食;B. set up安排 / get together聚在一起;C. download下载 / recognise认出;D. forgive原谅 / comfort安慰。根据句意,讨论计划需要先“安排”一个时间让大家“聚在一起”。B项意思最通顺合理。故选B。 12. The ability to work well with others, or good ________, is highly valued by employers. A. fairness B. teamwork C. economy D. relationship 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:与他人良好合作的能力,即良好的________,深受雇主重视。A. fairness公平;B. teamwork团队合作;C. economy经济;D. relationship关系。空格前的“or”表示同位语,说明空格处的词是“与他人良好合作的能力”的同义词。故选B。 13. I ________ watching documentaries ________ watching action movies; I find them more interesting. A. get angry with / rather than B. prefer / to C. am worried about / besides D. forgive / for example 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词搭配及短语辨析。句意:我________看纪录片________看动作片;我觉得纪录片更有趣。A. get angry with对……生气 / rather than而不是;B. prefer更喜欢 / to比;C. am worried about担心 / besides除了;D. forgive原谅 / for example例如。根据句意比较两种爱好,应使用表示“喜欢A多于B”的固定搭配“prefer A to B”。故选B。 14. The ________ for the school play are all over the walls, encouraging students to audition. A. posters B. details C. directions D. issues 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:学校戏剧的________贴满了墙壁,鼓励学生们去试镜。A. posters海报;B. details细节;C. directions方向;D. issues问题。根据“贴满墙壁”和“鼓励试镜”可知,是用来宣传的“海报”。故选A。 15. The ________ of the internet has turned the world into a ________. A. trend / high-speed railway B. network / global village C. range / regular train D. benefit / couch potato 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词词义辨析及固定搭配。句意:互联网的________已将世界变成了一个________。A. trend趋势 / high-speed railway高铁;B. network网络 / global village地球村;C. range范围 / regular train普通火车;D. benefit好处 / couch potato沙发土豆。互联网的核心是“网络”,“地球村”是其让世界联系更紧密的经典比喻。故选B。 知识点02 单元重点语法 一、一般现在时 一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或状态。 分类 结构 例句 含有be动词(表示存在的状态) 肯定句 主语 + am/is/are + … I am happy today. 我今天很开心。 否定句 主语 + am/is/are + not + … He is not at home. 他不在家。 一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + … ? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + am/is/are. 否定回答:No, 主语 + am/is/are + not. Are you hungry? 你饿了吗? → Yes, I am. / No, I am not. 表示经常发生的动作(含有实义动词) 肯定句 主语 + 动词(原形/三单形式) + … You study hard. 你学习很努力。 否定句 主语 + don’t/doesn’t + 动词原形 + … We don’t have class on Sunday. 我们周日没课。 一般疑问句 Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + … ? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + do/does. 否定回答:No, 主语 + don’t/doesn’t. Do you live in Shanghai? 你住在上海吗? → Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. 标志词 1.every系列 2.频度副词系列:always、usually、often、sometimes、seldom、hardly、never 动词第三人称单数的变化规则 规则 例句 一般情况下,动词后面直接加-s play → plays 玩 work → works工作 live → lives居住 like → likes喜欢 以ch, sh, s, x或o结尾的动词,在后面加-es watch → watches观看 teach → teaches教 wash → washes洗 brush → brushes刷 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y为i再加-es study → studies学习 carry → carries携带 fly → flies飞 try → tries尝试 特殊变化单独记 have → has有 be → is是 主语视为第三人称单数的情况 情况 例句 人称代词he、she、it He plays football every day.他每天踢足球。 She works in a hospital.她在医院工作。 单个人名、地名或称呼 Tom likes reading books.汤姆喜欢读书。 Beijing is the capital of China.北京是中国的首都。 可数名词单数 The cat sleeps on the sofa.猫在沙发上睡觉。 A bird flies in the sky.一只鸟在天空中飞。 不定代词 Everyone is here.所有人都到齐了。 Something is wrong with my bike.我的自行车出了点问题。 指示代词 This is my pen.这是我的钢笔。 That looks interesting.那个看起来很有趣。 不可数名词 Water boils at 100℃.水在 100℃沸腾。 Music makes me happy.音乐让我开心。 单个数字或字母 Five is an odd number.5 是奇数。 “A” is the first letter.“A” 是第一个字母。 一般现在时的用法 用法 例句 表示现状、性质、状态和经常发生的动作、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。常用时间状语有 often, usually, as usual, sometimes, every day, always, once a week 等。 She often reads books before bedtime. 她经常睡前读书。 They walk to school every day. 他们每天步行上学。 He always drinks coffee in the morning. 他早上总是喝咖啡。 表示目前的特征、性格、个性和能力等 Mary speaks three languages. 玛丽会说三种语言。 表示永恒的真理、定理、定律、格言和客观事实 The earth revolves around the sun. 地球绕太阳公转。 Water freezes at 0℃. 水在 0 摄氏度结冰。 Honesty is the best policy. 诚实为上策。 here, there, up, down, out, in, often, off, away等词放在句首构成倒装句,表示现在正在进行的动作或状态 Here comes the bus!公交车来了! There goes the bell.铃响了。 Out rushed the children.孩子们冲了出去。 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句是一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时(主将从现) I will call you when he arrives. 他到了我就给你打电话。 If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。 She will finish the work before her mother comes back. 她会在妈妈回来前完成工作。 时间表、时刻表、日程表、节目、课程表等按计划、安排或者规定将要发生的动作,用一般现在时,只限于 go, arrive, leave, start, stay, return, begin, come, finish, continue 等动词 The train leaves at 8:00 a.m. 火车早上 8 点发车。 The class starts at 9:30. 课程 9:30 开始。 宣布、声明、报道某事或介绍书籍、电影、戏剧、比赛等情节时 The news says the storm is moving north. 新闻报道暴风雨正在向北移动。 The book tells a story about friendship. 这本书讲述了一个关于友谊的故事。 二、一般过去时 表示过去某一时间或者某一段时间所发生的事情或存在的状态。 过去某一时间 分类 结构 例句 含有be动词(表示存在的状态) 肯定句 主语 + was/were + … Yesterday was Thursday. 昨天是星期四。 否定句 主语 + was/were+ not + … He wasn’t at home yesterday. 他昨天不在家。 一般疑问句 Was/Were+ 主语 + … ? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + was/were. 否定回答:No, 主语 + was/were + not. Were you at home yesterday? 昨天你在家吗? → Yes, I was. / No, I was not. 表示过去发生的动作(含有实义动词) 肯定句 主语 + 动词(过去式) + … You study hard. 你学习很努力。 否定句 主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + … We didn’t have class last week. 我们上周没课。 一般疑问句 Did+ 主语 + 动词原形 + … ? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + did. 否定回答:No, 主语 + didn’t. Did you live in Shanghai yesterday? 你昨天住在上海吗? → Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. 标志词 1.ago系列: ago、3 days ago、a moment ago 2.last系列:last time、last year、last Monday 、last night、last term 3.yesterday系列:yesterday、yesterday morning/evening、the day before yesterday 4.in/on+过去的时间、过去某时:in 1998... 5.短语:in the early days、just now、once upon a time、long long ago、at the age of....、one day 动词过去式的变化规则 规则 例句 一般在动词原形末尾加-ed work → worked 工作 play → played玩 stay→ stayed停留/保持 laugh→ laughed笑 以e结尾的动词,在动词原形末尾加-d like→ liked喜欢 live → lived居住 use→ used使用 dance → danced跳舞 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y为i再加-ed study → studied学习 carry → carried携带 fly → flied飞 try → tried尝试 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed stop→ stopped停止 chat→ chatted聊天 特殊变化单独记 have → had有 am/is→ was是 are→ were是 meet→ met 遇见 go→ went 去 eat→ ate 吃 take→ took 带 begin→ began 开始 become→ became成为 put→ put 放 cost→ cost 话费 read→ read 阅读 一般过去时的用法 用法 例句 表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态常与过去具体时间状语连用 Nina was here just now. 妮娜刚才还在这里。 I had it about ten minutes ago. 我大约是十分钟以前吃的。 I ate breakfast at 6:45 . 我在六点四十五分吃了早餐。 表示在过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作或状态 We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。 在谈论已经去世的人或动物时 Xun was a great writer. 鲁迅是一位伟大的作家。 Beethoven was a great musician. 贝多芬是一位伟大的音乐家。 表示主语过去的性格或特征 At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。 It was rainy last week. 上星期多雨。 表示一系列的动作,尽管有先后,都用一般过去时, Alicia opened the door, rushed out and then disappeared. 艾丽莎打开门,冲了出去,然后就消失了。 主句与从句时态一致的需要。如果主句用了过去时从句中一般也要用过去式,或者过去进行时、过去完成时。 She believed that she was right. 她相信自己是对的。 3、 动名词 动名词是在动词后加-ing构成,其构成规则与动词现在分词的构成规则相同。动名词(短 语)具有名词的特征,在句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。动名词也有自己的时态和语态。 分类 结构 例句 动名词作主语 动名词作主语表示抽象、泛指的动作。 Doing sth.+谓语…… Reading in the sun is bad for our eyes. 在太阳底下看书对我们的眼睛有害。 It的形式主语句子。(use、fun、good、nice、useful ) It十be十名词/形容词十动名词短语 It's no use only speaking but not doing. 只说不做没有用。 动名词作宾语 动名词可放在介词或某些动词(短语)后作宾语。 advise(建议)、allow(允许)、avoid(避免)、consider(考 )、dislike(不喜欢)、enjoy(喜欢)、finish(完成)、forbid(禁止)、imagine(改想)、kcep(保持)、mind(介意)、permit(允许)、practise(练习)、suggest(建议)、be busyC忙t于)、be worth(值得)、can't help(忍不住)、feel like(想要)、givc up(放弃)、have trouble/difficulty (in)(做……有麻烦/困难)、insist on (坚持)、keep on (继续)、look forward to(期待)、put off(推迟)、Prevent/stop sb. trom(阻止某人做某事)、spend time/money (in)(花时间/钱做…… Would you mind speaking more slowly? 你介意说慢点吗? The boy enjoys Listening to the radio in the morning. 这个男孩喜欢早上听收音机。 This book is worth reading. 这本书值得看。 He was punished for not telling the truth. 因为没有说实话,他受到了惩别。 动名词作表语 动名词作表语,用来补充说明主语的内容,与动词不定式作表语的用法相同。 Her job is washing, cleaning and looking after the children. 她的工作是洗衣服、打扫卫生和照顾孩子。 动名词作定语 动名词作定语,用来说明所修饰的名词的功能及用途。 a reading room 一个阅览室(这个房间是用来看书的) a swimming pool 一个游泳池(这个池子是用来游泳的) a writing book 一本写作书(这本书是用来帮助训练写作的) 4、 定语从句 定义 结构 例句 定语从句 在复合句中起定语作用,修饰句中的名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。定语从向由关系代词或关系副词引导,当关系代词作定语从句的主语时,其后谓语动词的单复数形式取决于先行词的人称的单复数。 先行词+关系词+从句 先行词为名词或代词。关系词包括关系代词和关系副词,引导定语从且充当句子成分。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 正在和我父亲握手的那个人是警察。 (画线部分就是一个定语从句,对the man 进行修饰,因此the man就是先行词。who是关系词,引导定语从句。) 定语从句的关系词 定语从句的关系词的作用:引导定语从句;代替先行词;在从句中作成分。 关系词 指代 例句 成分 关系代词 who 指人 He who laughs last laughs best. 谁笑到最后,谁笑得最好。(作主语) The boy who I know is quite good at English. 我认识的那个男孩相当擅长英语。 (作know 的宾语,可省略) 主语/宾语 whom 指人 The people whom you want to see are all here. 你想见的人都在这里。 (作see 的宾语,可省略) 宾语 which 指物 She was not in the train which arrived just now. 她不在刚刚到达的那列火车里。(作主语) This is the pen which he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。(作bought的宾语,可省略) 主语/宾语 whose 指人或物 I have a good friend whose name is Lily. 我有一个好朋友,她的名字叫莉莉。(指人) I want to live in that house whose roof is red. 我想住在那个红色屋顶的房子里。(指物) 定语 that 指人或指物 Mary likes the music that is quiet and gentle. 玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(作主语) He is no longer the person that used to be. 他不再是过去的那个他了。(作表语) The book that I borrowed yesterday got lost. 昨天我借的那本书丢失了。(作 borrowed 的宾语,可省略) 主语/表语/宾语 关系副词 when=during/on/in which 指时间 I'll never forget the time when-on which) we met for the first time. 我永远不会忘记我们初次见面的日子。 时间状语 where=in/at which 指地点 Is this the classroom where (= in which) we have history lessons?这是我们上历史课的教室吗? 地点状语 why=for which 指原因 Please tell me the reason why (= for which) you did that. 请告诉我你那么做的原因。 原因状语 特殊情况 只用that 的情况如下(多少不一,恰人物最序) 1.当先行词为不定代词,如 anything、everything、nothing、none、one、all、little、few、much等,或先行词被 all、little、few、much、any、only、the very、every、no等修饰时。 All that can be done has been done.能做的都已经做了。 He will tell you everything that he heard about it. 他将告诉你他所听到的关于这件事的一切。 There is little work that is fit for you. 没什么工作适合你做。 2.先行词是序数词、最高级形容词时,或先行词被序数词、最高级形容词修饰时。 This is the first film that I have seen since I came here. 这是我到这里后所看的第一场电影。 This is the worst experience that I have ever had. 这是我有史以来最糟糕的一次经历。 3.先行词同时包括人和物时。 They often talk about the people and the things that they are interested in. 他们常常谈论那些他们感兴趣的人和事。 4.当主句是以 which 开头的特殊疑问句时。 Which is the house that caught fire last night?昨晚失火的是哪座房子? 5、 There be句型 There be句型表示“某地有某物”,其中“there”是引导词,没有实际意义,“be”是谓语动词,表示存在。 分类 结构 例句 There be句型 肯定句 There + be+ … There is a book on the desk. 在桌子上有一本书。 否定句 There + be+ not + … There is not a glass on the desk. 桌子上没有玻璃杯。 一般疑问句 Be+ there+ … ? 肯定回答:Yes, there + be 否定回答:No, there + be + not. Were you at home yesterday? 昨天你在家吗? → Yes, there is. / No, there is not. 时态的情况 情况 例句 一般现在时 there is/are There are some books on the table. 桌子上有一些书。 There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有些水‌‌。 一般过去时 there was/were There was a book on the desk yesterday.‌‌昨天子上有一本书 There were some flowers in my garden last spring.去年春天我的花园里有一些花。 一般将来时 there will be there is/are going to be There is going to be a football match this afternoon. 今天下午将有一场足球赛。‌‌ There will be many visitors at the exhibition. 展览会将有许多参观者。 现在完成时 there have/has been There has been much rain this week. ‌本周下了很多雨。 ‌There have been three books on the desk.‌ 桌子上一直有三本书。 there be的用法 用法 例句 就近原则(there be后面有多个主语时,be的单复数形式取决于靠近它的名词) There is a pen and two notebooks on the table.桌上有一支笔和两个笔记本。 There are three chairs and a sofa in the living room.客厅有三把椅子和一张沙发。 6、 形容词与副词的比较等级 英语中形容词与副词,在表示“比较.......”和“最......”这样的概念时,要用特别的形式,成为比较级和最高级,与之相对,原来的形式称为原级。 形容词的比较级、最高级的变化规则 规则 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词末尾+er/est tall clean taller cleaner tallest cleanest 单音节词以-e结尾+r/st nice fine nicer finer nicest finest 辅音字母+y结尾,改“y为“i”,再加 er/est dry early drier earlier driest earliest 重读闭音节,且词尾只有一个辅音字母的,双写辅音字母,再加 er/est big thin bigger thinner biggest thinnest 多音节和部分双音节在词前加 more/most delicious beautiful more delicious more beautiful most delicious most beautiful 不规则变化(好坏多少远老) good/well bad many/much little far old better worse more less farther/further older/elder best worst most least farthest/furthest oldest/eldest 形容词副词比较等级用法 情况 用法 例句 原级 as+原级+as .......和.....一样 Tom is as thin as jerry. 汤姆和杰瑞一样瘦。 not as/so+原级+as ......不如..... Jack is not as/so tall as Amy. 杰克不如吉米高。 倍数+as+原级+as 是....的几倍 The table is twice as big as that one. 这个桌子是另一个桌子的两倍大。 比较级 比较级+than Lucy is more careful than me. 露西比我更仔细。 比较级前加定冠词“the” 表示“两者中较.....的那一个” Lucy is the taller of the twins. 露西是双胞胎中较高的一个。 比较级+and+比较级 “越来越” More and more people are coming to Beijing for tourism. 越来越多的人来北京旅游。 The+比较级,the+比较级 “越...就越....” The harder you work, the better your grades will be. 你越努力,成绩越好。 much,a lot,far,a little,a bit,even,still,any等修饰比较级 This book is much more interesting than that one. 这本书比那本有趣得多。 最高级 one of+the+最高级+名词复数 表示“是.....中最....之一” Bejing is the one of the biggest cities in China. 北京是中国最大的城市之一。 the+序数词+最高级 The Yellow River is the second longest in China. 黄河是中国的第二长河。 the+最高级+of/in 表示“…是....中 最..的” Tom is the tallest of the three boys. 汤姆是这三个小男孩中最高的。 比较级表示最高级 比较级+than any other +名词单数 表示“比任何一个都.....(同一个范围内)” Jack is taller than any other boy in his class. 杰克比他班上的其他任何男生都要高。 1.She ________ to school by bus every day. A. go B. goes C. went D. is going 【答案】B 【详解】 一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作。时间状语“every day”是关键标志。主语“She”是第三人称单数,谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式“goes”。A是动词原形,C是过去式,D是现在进行时,均不符合语法。 2.The girl ________ is singing on the stage is my classmate. A. which B. whom C. who D. whose 【答案】C 【详解】 本题考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词“The girl”是人,在定语从句中作主语(The girl is singing...)。A(which)指物;B(whom)指人,在从句中作宾语;D(whose)表示所属关系。只有C(who)可以指代人,并在从句中作主语。 3.________ English every morning is a good habit. A. Read B. Reads C. Reading D. To read 【答案】C 【详解】 动名词(V-ing)作主语,表示一个泛指、抽象或习惯性的概念。“每天早上读英语”是一个习惯性的行为,故用动名词“Reading”作主语最合适。D是不定式,常表示具体的、一次性的目的或未来动作,在此处不如动名词贴切。 4.Who runs ________ in your class? A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the faster 【答案】C 【详解】 在“in your class”这个范围内进行比较,应用最高级。单音节副词“fast”的最高级是“fastest”,副词最高级前的“the”可省略。A是原级,B是比较级,D是错误形式。 5._______ any milk in the bottle? I'm thirsty. A. Is there B. Are there C. There is D. There are 【答案】A 【详解】 这是一个一般疑问句,应将be动词提前。主语“milk”是不可数名词,故用单数形式“Is there”。B用于可数名词复数,C和D是陈述句语序。 6. I ________ a delicious cake for my mother's birthday yesterday. A. make B. makes C. made D. am making 【答案】C 【详解】 时间状语“yesterday”表明动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。动词“make”的过去式是“made”。A、B是现在时形式,D是现在进行时。 7.Look! ________ some beautiful flowers on the teacher's desk. A. There is B. There are C. There have D. There has 【答案】B 【详解】 “There be”句型表示“存在”,be动词的单复数由其后紧跟的名词决定。名词“flowers”是复数,故用“There are”。C和D是中文思维常见的错误表达。 8.This story is ________ than that one. I like it better. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 【答案】B 【详解】 句中有表示比较的连词“than”,故应用形容词的比较级。多音节形容词“interesting”的比较级是在前面加“more”。A是原级,C和D是最高级。 8. This is the house ________ we lived in ten years ago. A. who B. which C. when D. where 【答案】B 【详解】 先行词“the house”是物。从句“we lived in the house”结构完整,但缺少宾语(in的宾语),故用关系代词“which”或“that”来指代物,并作介词“in”的宾语。A指人,C和D是关系副词,在从句中作状语,不能作宾语。 9. My father is used to ________ a walk after dinner. A. take B. takes C. taking D. took 【答案】C 【详解】 “be used to”意为“习惯于……”,其中“to”是介词,后面应接名词或动名词(V-ing)作宾语。A、B、D都是动词形式,不能直接放在介词后。 知识点03 单元重点句型 类型 原句 分析 例句 自我介绍与询问个人信息 I am studying at a vocational school now. 我现在在一所职业学校学习。 现在进行时表示当前的状态(正在就读)。 I am studying computer science at a vocational school. 我在一所职业学校学习计算机科学。 I'm from Qufu, the hometown of Confucius. 我来自曲阜,孔子的故乡 be from + 地点表示来自哪里。同位语 the hometown of Confucius对Qufu进行补充说明。 He is from Harbin, the City of Ice. 他来自哈尔滨,冰城。 No wonder you are so tall and strong. 难怪你这么高,这么健壮。 No wonder...是一个常用口语句型,表示“难怪……”完整句型为“It’s no wonder that...” You play basketball every day. No wonder you are so good at it. 你每天都打篮球,难怪你这么厉害。 谈论学校与老师 How do you like your school? 你觉得你的学校怎么样? How do you like...? 是询问对某事物看法的固定句型,相当于 What do you think of...? How do you like your new teacher? 你觉得你的新老师怎么样? Our teachers always give us lots of practical tips. 我们的老师总是给我们很多实用的建议。 一般现在时(主语三单,动词加s);give sb. sth.结构。 My teacher gives us lots of practical skills. 我的老师教给我们很多实用技能。 All of our teachers are not only knowledgeable and experienced, but also very kind and friendly. 我们所有的老师不仅知识渊博、经验丰富,而且非常善良、友好。 not only... but also...(不仅……而且……)连接并列的形容词。遵循就近原则。 Our workshop master is not only strict but also very helpful. 我们的师傅不仅严格,而且很乐于助人。 表达兴趣与爱好 Do you like taking photos?你喜欢拍照吗? / Are you crazy about dancing?你喜欢跳舞吗? Do you like + v-ing? 询问喜好。be crazy about是like very much的强化版,表示“对……着迷”。 Do you like playing video games? 你喜欢玩电子游戏吗? My classmate is crazy about cars. 我的同学对汽车非常着迷。 I really want to join the English club, because it's useful and interesting. 我很想加入英语俱乐部,因为它既有用又有趣。 want to do sth.(想要做某事);join + 组织(加入);because 引导原因状语从句,说明理由。 He wants to learn painting because it's relaxing. 她想学画画因为它很放松。 One day we may enjoy seeing your performance.也许有一天我们能欣赏到你的表演。 One day(将来某一天);enjoy + v-ing(享受做某事的乐趣)。 We enjoy working together. 我们享受一起工作。 未来职业与同学去向 Some are workers in factories or chefs in restaurants, others are tour guides from travel agencies or secretaries working for companies... 有些是工厂工人或餐馆主厨,有些是旅行社导游或公司秘书⋯⋯ Some... others...(一些……另一些……)句型,用于列举不同群体。列举了多种职业(worker, chef, tour guide, secretary)。 In our class, some want to be mechanics, others want to be designers. 在我们班,有些人想当机械师,有些人想当设计师。 We can learn how to operate different machines.我们可以学习使用不同的设备。 learn how to do sth.(学习如何做某事);operate machines`(操作机器),是典型的职业技能描述。 She learned how to use the new software. 她学会了如何使用新软件。 日常问候与通信 How's it going?最近怎么样? 等同于How are you?的非正式问候语 --Hi, Mark! How's it going? --Pretty good, thanks! Look forward to hearing from you. 期待收到你的回信。 look forward to + v-ing(盼望/期待做某事),常用于书信或邮件的结尾 look forward to + v-ing(盼望/期待做某事),常用于书信或邮件的结尾 课堂用语 I'm happy to be your English teacher.我很高兴成为你们的英语老师。/ Now please introduce yourselves one by one.现在请大家逐一自我介绍一下吧。 老师课堂用语。be happy to do sth.(很高兴做某事);introduce oneself`(自我介绍);one by one(一个接一个地)。 I'm happy to be here. 我很高兴来到这里。Please pass the books one by one. 请把书一个一个传下去。 邀请 Would you two like to join us? 你们俩想加入我们吗? Would you like to...? 结构非常礼貌和常用,比 Do you want to...? 更正式、更得体。Would like to do sth.想要做某事 Would you like to go to the library with me? 你想和我一起去图书馆吗? 提出建议与发出指令 Why not make an apology first? 为什么不先道歉呢? Why not + 动词原形...? 是用于提出建议的常用句型,语气比 You should... 更委婉、更友好。其他建议句型如 How about...?、Let's... Why not call him and say hello? 为什么不打个电话给他问个好呢? In this first class, I'd like to give you some tips on sports. 在第一节课上,我想给大家一些关于运动的建议 I'd like to...(我想要...)是委婉表达意愿的句型,比 I want to... 更礼貌。 I'd like to book a table for two. 我想预订一张两人桌。 While exercising, stop whenever you feel unwell. 运动的时候,一旦感觉到不舒服就停止。 祈使句 stop 用于发出指令或强烈建议。 whenever(无论何时)引导时间状语从句,语气比 when 更强。 Stop the machine whenever you see a red light. 无论何时看到红灯,就停下机器。 Keep walking for two or three minutes. 再继续走两三分钟。 Keep + V-ing(继续做某事/保持某种状态)。for + 一段时间 表示持续时间。 Keep practicing every day, and your English will improve. 每天坚持练习,你的英语会进步。 喜好与偏好 I prefer to listen to other people rather than express myself. 我喜欢倾听别人胜过表达自己(的想法)。 prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A也不愿做B/喜欢A胜过B。 Prefer to do更喜欢做某事。 rather than 是关键连接词。 Many students prefer to watch videos rather than read books. 许多学生宁愿看视频也不愿读书。 连接词与状语从句 We have many things in common and enjoy spending time together. 我们有很多共同点,也喜欢待在一起。 have sth. in common 有共同之处 enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做 I enjoy singing, but my friend enjoys dancing. 我喜欢唱歌,但我的朋友喜欢跳舞。 Whether in good times or (in) bad times, we always follow three rules... 无论是在要好的时候还是在闹别扭的时候,我们都遵守三条准则…… Whether... or... 引导让步状语从句,表示“无论是……还是……”,强调在任何情况下都如此。always 是频率副词,放在实义动词之前 Whether at home or at school, we should be polite. 无论在家还是在学校,我们都应该有礼貌。 No matter what size it is, research shows that circles of friends are always like this. 研究显示,不论朋友圈子多大,它往往有以下几种情况。 No matter what... (“无论什么”) 同样引导让步状语从句,语气更强。that 引导宾语从句,作 shows 的宾语。 Please don't be late, no matter what. 无论如何请不要迟到。(简单用法) 描述行为与方式 It is a great way to bond with others and make new friends. 这是与他人建立联系并结交新朋友的好方法。 It is a good/great way to do sth. (这是做某事的很好/很棒的方法)。It 是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式 to bond and make...。 Watching English movies is a fun way to learn English. 看英文电影是学英语的一种有趣方式。 谈论课余活动与运动习惯 What do you usually do after school? 你放学后通常做什么? 一般现在时特殊疑问句,询问日常习惯。usually(通常)是频率副词. What do you often do on weekends? 你周末经常做什么? Getting regular exercise can help you stay focused when studying. 经常锻炼可以帮助你在学习时保持注意力集中。 动名词短语 Getting regular exercise 作主语。 help sb. (to) do sth.(帮助某人做某事)。 when studying 是时间状语从句的省略形式(= when you are studying)。 Eating breakfast helps you start the day well. 吃早餐帮助你很好地开始一天。 You're sure to find some sports that suit you. 你一定会找到适合你的运动。 be sure to do sth. 表示肯定的推测或承诺。 that suit you 是定语从句,修饰sports。 Work hard, and you are sure to pass the exam. 努力学习,你一定会通过考试。 While enjoying the fun of exercising, you will also discover... 当你享受运动的乐趣时,你也会发现... While + V-ing 作时间状语(主语一致时可省略主语和be动词)。 While listening to music, I feel relaxed. (= When I listen to music, I feel relaxed.) 听音乐时,我感到放松。 问路与指路 Excuse me. Could you tell me how to get to the nearest subway station? 请问,你能告诉我怎么去最近的地铁站吗? Could you tell me...? 是比 Can you...? 更礼貌的请求句式。how to get to...(如何到达某地)是疑问词+不定式结构。 Could you tell me how to get to the railway station? 您能告诉我如何去火车站吗? Go straight ahead and turn left at the bus stop. 一直朝前走,然后在车站左转。 祈使句序列 (Go... and turn...) 用于指路。方位短语 straight ahead, at the bus stop。 Go straight and turn right at the first corner. 直走,在第一个拐角处右转。 I don't think it's far from here. 我认为它离这儿不远。 否定前移。中文说“我认为它不远”,英文习惯把否定放在主句动词 think 前。 I don't think it is a good idea. 我认为那不是个好主意。 You can take Line 1 to Xidan and then transfer to Line 4. 你可以坐一号线到西单,然后换乘四号线。 take + 交通工具/线路(乘坐...)。transfer to...(换乘到...)。 You can take the airport bus to the city center. 你可以坐机场巴士到市中心。 The railways connect different parts..., making travelling more convenient. 铁路联通了...,让出行更方便。 现在分词短语 making... 作结果状语,表示主语动作所带来的自然结果。 The new high-speed railway opened last month, making travel between the two cities much faster. 新高铁于上月开通,使得两座城市之间的旅行快多了。 Over the years, it has become much easier to travel long distances. 这些年来,长途旅行变得容易多了。 Over the years(这些年来)提示使用现在完成时 has become。 It has become + adj. + to do sth. 句型,it 是形式主语。 It has become cheaper to buy a computer. 买电脑已经变得更便宜了。 Air travel has also made the world a smaller place. 航空旅行也让世界变得更“小”了。 make + 宾语 + 宾语补足语(使...成为...)。现在完成时 has made。 The news made us very happy. 这个消息使我们非常高兴。 As you can see that there are fewer cars on the road. 如你所见,路上的汽车变少了。 As you can see(正如你所看到的)是常用插入语。fewer 修饰可数名词,是 few 的比较级。 As you can see, we have fewer customers today. 如你所见,我们今天顾客更少。 1.— Excuse me, could you tell me the ________ to the post office? — Sure. Go straight for two blocks. A. road B. way C. street D. place 【答案】B 【详解】 考查固定搭配。“Could you tell me the way to...?” 是问路最常用的句型之一,意为“你能告诉我去……的路吗?”。 2._______ is a great way ________ healthy. A. It; to keep B. This; keeping C. That; keep D. It; keeping 【答案】A 【详解】 本题考查固定句式“It is a great way to do sth.”。其中“It”作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式“to do sth.”。因此第一个空填“It”,第二个空填“to keep”。其他选项均不符合该句式结构。 3.On weekends, I prefer ________ at home and watch a movie ________ out to crowded places. A. to stay; rather than go B. stay; rather than to go C. to stay; rather than going D. staying; to go 【答案】A 【详解】 本题考查固定句式“prefer to do A rather than do B”。其中“prefer to”后接动词原形,“rather than”后也接动词原形(即省略“to”的不定式)。A选项完全符合此结构。 4.— What can I do for you? — _______________ A. I want to buy a pen. B. I'd like to buy a pen. C. I need buy a pen. D. I will buy a pen. 【答案】B 【详解】 本题考查在特定语境下选择最得体的表达。问句“What can I do for you?”是服务员、店员等提供的礼貌服务用语。回答时,使用“I‘d like to...”比直接说“I want to...”显得更礼貌、更委婉,是购物、点餐等场景下的标准用语。 5.— Would you like something to drink? — Yes, _______________ a cup of coffee, please. A. I’d like B. I like C. I’d love to D. I want 【答案】A 【详解】 本题考查对“Would you like...?”问句的应答。对方用“Would you like...?”提问,回答时用“I’d like...”(我想要)来直接、礼貌地说明自己的需求,是最完整得体的回答。B项“I like”表示“我喜欢”,是习惯,而非此刻的意愿。C项“I’d love to”后需接动词,表示“我很愿意做某事”,常用于接受邀请。D项不够礼貌。 6.It's a lovely day. ________ go for a picnic in the park? A. Why not B. Why don't C. How about D. Would you like 【答案】A 【详解】 本题考查提出建议的句型。“Why not + 动词原形...?”是标准的提建议句型,表示“为什么不……呢?”。B项“Why don't”后需要接主语“we”或“you”,构成“Why don't we/you...?”。C项“How about”后需接名词或动名词(v-ing)。D项“Would you like”用于询问对方意愿,而非直接建议。 7.— ________ to my birthday party this Saturday? — Sure, I'd love to. A. Do you come B. Would you like to come C. Are you coming D. You must come 【答案】B 【详解】 本题考查发出邀请的标准句型。“Would you like to do...?” 是发出邀请时最常用、最委婉客气的句型。A项是中文直译,语法正确但不符合英语邀请习惯。C项是现在进行时表将来,用于确认安排,而非发出邀请。D项“你必须来”语气太强硬,像命令,不是邀请。 8.— Where is your new classmate ________? — She is from Beijing, the capital of China. A. come from B. from C. come D. comes from 【答案】B 【详解】 本题考查“be from”的用法。疑问句中,主语是“your new classmate”,前面已有be动词“is”,所以后面应接介词“from”构成“be from”结构。A和C是动词原形,D是第三人称单数形式,都不能直接放在is后面。 9. — What do you think of the movie YOLO? — ________. It's so inspiring! A. Not bad B. I think it's great C. I don't like it D. It's about boxing 【答案】B 【详解】 本题考查对“What do you think of...?”的回答。问句询问对电影的看法,答语后句“它很激励人心”是正面评价。A项“不错”语气较弱,C项“我不喜欢”是负面评价,都与后句矛盾。D项“它是关于拳击的”是介绍内容,而非表达看法。B项“我认为它很棒”直接表达了看法,且与后句逻辑一致。 10.— ________ playing basketball? — Yes, I do. It's my favorite sport. A. Do you like B. Are you like C. Would you like D. Are you crazy about 【答案】A 【详解】 本题考查询问喜好的基本句型。“Do you like + v-ing...?” 用于询问对方是否喜欢做某事。B项“Are you like”中like是介词,意为“像”,不符合句意。C项“Would you like”用于礼貌地提供某物或提出邀请,后接名词或“to do”。D项“Are you crazy about”虽然也问喜好,但语气非常强烈,意为“你对……痴迷吗?”,通常用于肯定对方已知的强烈喜好,而非初次询问 11.— Do you enjoy ________ to music? — Of course! I ________ pop music. A. listening; am crazy about B. listen; like C. listening; enjoy D. to listen; love 【答案】A 【详解】 本题考查动词搭配和语境。第一空:“enjoy”后接动词时,必须用动名词(v-ing)形式,因此B、D错误。第二空:C项“enjoy”后缺少宾语,语法不完整。A项“am crazy about”后接名词“pop music”,语法正确,且语气强烈,与“Of course!”的强调语气相匹配。 题型一 单项选择题 【典例1】(2024·四川中职基础模块一诊断) —What does your father do? —________. A. He is reading B. He is fine C. He is a doctor D. He works in a hospital 【答案】C 【详解】本题考查特殊疑问句的回答。问句“What does your father do?”询问职业,应直接回答职业名称。A项描述正在进行的动作;B项回答健康状况;D项回答工作地点;C项直接说明职业,符合语境。 【变式1】—________ does your mother work? —She works in a hotel. A. What B. Where C. How D. When 【答案】B 【详解】本题考查特殊疑问词辨析。答句指明了工作地点,故问句应询问地点“Where”。A问事物或职业;C问方式;D问时间。 【典例2】(2024·广东中职模块一学业监测) My sister enjoys ________ to music, but I prefer ________ TV. A. to listen; to watch B. listening; watching C. listen; watch D. listening; to watch 【答案】D 【详解】本题考查动词固定搭配。“enjoy”后接动名词(listening);“prefer”后接不定式(to watch)为常见用法,且此处无对比结构,D项正确。 【变式2】I often practice ________ English with my classmates, and I’m good at ________ stories. A. to speak; to tell B. speaking; telling C. speak; tell D. speaking; to tell 【答案】B 【详解】本题考查动词固定搭配。“practice”和“be good at”后均必须接动名词作宾语,故B项“speaking; telling”正确。 【典例3】(2024·福建中职基础模块一质检) —How do you usually go to school? —________. A. By a bus B. On foot C. With my friend D. At 7:00 【答案】B 【详解】本题考查交通方式表达。问上学方式,用“by+交通工具”或“on foot”。A项多冠词;C项是伴随方式;D项是时间;B项“步行”正确。 【变式3】—________ is it from your home to your school? —It’s about 2 kilometers. A. How long B. How far C. How often D. How soon 【答案】B 【详解】本题考查How疑问词组辨析。答句回答距离,应用“How far”提问。A问时间或长度;C问频率;D问多快。 【典例4】(2024·浙江中职模块一联考) There ________ some milk and two apples on the table. A. is B. are C. have D. has 【答案】A 【详解】本题考查there be句型的主谓一致。遵循就近原则,“milk”(不可数)靠近be动词,故用单数“is”。C、D项表示“拥有”,不能用于there be句型。 【变式4】 There ________ a pen, two notebooks and an eraser in my schoolbag. A. is B. are C. have D. has 【答案】A 【详解】本题考查there be句型的主谓一致。遵循就近原则,“a pen”(单数)靠近be动,故用“is”。 【典例5】(2024·江苏中职基础模块一模拟) —________ is your new English teacher? —The one in a red dress. A. What B. Which C. Who D. Where 【答案】B 【详解】本题考查特殊疑问词辨析。答句“穿红裙子的那位”指从多个中特定指出一人,故用“Which”提问。A问事物;C问身份(谁);D问地点。 【变式5】—________ bag is this? Is it yours? —No. Mine is the black one. A. What B. Which C. Who D. Whose 【答案】D 【详解】本题考查特殊疑问词辨析。答句表明在询问书包的归属,应用“Whose”(谁的)提问。A问事物;B问哪一个;C问谁。 【典例6】(2024·山东中职模块一期末) —Let’s go to the library after class. —________. I need to return a book. A. Good idea B. Not at all C. You’re welcome D. Sorry, I can’t 【答案】A 【详解】本题考查交际用语。提议去图书馆,且后文“需还书”表示赞同,故用“Good idea”同意提议。B、C用于回应感谢;D表示拒绝,但与后文矛盾。 【变式6】 —Thank you very much for helping me with my homework. —________. That’s what friends are for. A. Good idea B. Not at all C. You’re welcome D. Sorry, I can’t 【答案】C 【详解】本题考查交际用语。回应感谢,常用“You’re welcome”。A用于回应提议;B用于回应道歉或感谢(英式英语);D用于拒绝请求。 题型二 补全对话 Lily: Excuse me, can you show me how to 1________the library? I'm new here. Leo: Sure! The library? It's not far from here. Lily: That's good. 2 _______can I get there? Leo: Go straight along this road until you see a red building.Then 3_______ left at the red building. The library is right next to it. Lily: Let me see... So, go straight, then turn left at the red building? Leo: That's right.It's on your left You can't miss it. Lily: 4_________is it from here. Leo: It's about a 5-minute walk. Lily: Thank you so much for your help! Leo: My 5_________. Good luck! 【答案】 1. get to 2. How 3. turn 4.How far 5. pleasure 【解析】 1. 这是问路的经典开场白。"Excuse me"开头表示礼貌。"Could you tell me the way to..." 或 "Can you show me how to get to..." 都是非常客气且地道的问路句型。 2. 在对方确认地点不远后,自然要追问具体路线。"How can I get there?" 是直接询问方式的最常用句型。 3. 指路时,在说明第一个指令(Go straight)后,需要用 "then" 来连接下一个指令(turn left/right)。"At the red building" 是转向的具体地点,使指令更清晰。 4. 问清楚路线后,询问距离或所需时间是很自然的后续问题。"How far is it?" 专门用于询问距离。 5. 这是对他人感谢的标准回应,表示“不客气”。 题型三 短文填空 I always(1) ________ (enjoy)traveling because it is a great way to relax. Last summer, my family and I (2)________ (go) to a small town (3)________ is famous for its hot springs. On our first day there, we (4) ________ (find) a beautiful park in the center of the town. There(5)________ (be) a large lake and many old trees in the park. We spent the whole afternoon (6) ________ (walk) around and (7) ________ photos. The scenery there was (8)________ (beautiful) than any other place I had ever seen. In the evening, we tried the local food. The dishes were (9)________ delicious that we ate almost everything. My father, (10)________ is usually a quiet man, talked a lot and laughed happily that night. This trip was the most memorable one in my memory. I hope to visit that town again someday because it offers an experience (11)________ I will never forget. 【答案】 (1) enjoy(2)went(3)that / which(4)found(5)was(6)walking(7)taking(8)more beautiful(9)so(10)who(11)that/which 【解析】 (1)详解: 考查一般现在时。句首的“always”表示习惯性动作,主语“I”是第一人称,谓语动词用原形。此处需要表达“喜欢”的动词。 (2)详解: 考查一般过去时。时间状语“Last summer”明确表示动作发生在过去,谓语动词需用过去式。此处需要表示“去”或“旅行”的动词。 (3)详解: 考查定语从句。空白处引导一个定语从句,修饰先行词“a small town”(物)。关系代词在从句中作主语,因此用“that”或“which”。 (4)详解: 考查一般过去时。上下文描述的是过去发生的事情,谓语动词需用过去式。此处需要一个意为“发现”、“参观”或“看到”的及物动词。 (5)详解: 考查There be句型。该句表示“公园里有一个湖”,是存在句。描述的是过去的事情,故用“There was”(因为主语“a large lake”是单数)。 (6)详解: 考查动名词。动词“spend”常用于“spend time (in) doing sth.”结构,介词“in”可省略,其后直接接动名词(v-ing)作宾语。此处需要“散步”的动名词形式。 (7)详解: 考查动名词。空白处与“walking”由“and”连接,是并列结构,同样作“spent...in”的宾语。故也需用动名词形式“taking”。“take photos”意为“拍照”。 (8)详解: 考查形容词比较级。句中有表示比较的连词“than”,故形容词“beautiful”(多音节)需用比较级“more beautiful”。 (9)详解: 考查副词用法。“so...that...”是固定句型,表示“如此……以至于……”。此处“so”修饰后面的形容词“delicious”。 (10)详解: 考查定语从句。空白处引导一个非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词“my father”(人)。关系代词在从句中作主语,且用逗号隔开,故用“who”。 (11)详解: 考查定语从句。空白处引导一个定语从句,修饰先行词“an experience”(物)。关系代词在从句中作“forget”的宾语,故可用“that”或“which”,也可以省略。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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期中复习讲义(外研版)-2025-2026学年高一上学期《英语期中考点大串讲》
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