内容正文:
人教版八年级上册
Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals重点句子和语法
Section A
一.What makes plants and animals amazing?是什么让动植物如此神奇?(p31)
考点:①make sth./sb. +adj. 使某物/ 某人....
②amaze v.使惊奇→amazing adj.令人惊叹的(修人)→amazed adj, 感到惊叹(修物)
be amazed at ... 对... 感到惊讶
③plant n.植物/工厂 v.种植
二.A. Heaviest B. largest C. most beautiful D. oldest E. fastest F. tallest (p32)
考点:形容词、副词的最高级
①概念: adj.和adv.的最高级常用来表示三者或三者以上人或物的比较,其中最...。
②形容词和副词比较级的规则变化(类似于比较级的变化规则)
1一般在词尾直接加est
tall—taller—tallest
2以字母e结尾的直接加st
nice—nicest
3以辅音字母加y结尾的词,变y为i加est
heavy—heaviest
4以重读闭音节最后是辅元辅结尾,双写末尾的辅音字母再加est
thin—thinnest
5多音节词或部分双音节词的比较级和最高级在其前面加most。
beautiful—most beautiful
不规则的形容词副词的比较级和最高级
good/well—better—best
many/much—more—most
little—less—least
ill/bad/badly—worse—worst
old—older/elder—oldest/eldest
far—farther/further—farthest/furthest
口诀:好坏多少远老 不规则
③注意:形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the(除了前面已经有形物或名格之外),而副词的最高级前可以不加定冠词the。
④句式1:主语+谓语+the +形容词或副词的最高级+of/in +范围,表示“主语是……中最……的”。
eg.t's the largest / biggest animal in the world. I jump (the) farthest in my class.
句式2: one of the+形容词最高级+n.复数 “最……之一”
Eg. Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.
句式3:the + 序数词 + 形容词最高级 + 名词,表示“第几大/长/高……”
eg. The Yellow River the second longest river in China.
总结最高级标志词:①one of ... ②of/in +范围 ③the +序数词
三.heavy adj.重的 / 大量的 eg. The blue whale is heavy . Tomorrow will have heavy rain.(p32)
四.I visited the redwood forests in California several times. 我曾多次参观加利福尼亚的红杉林。(p33)
考点:several times 数次 several + 可复n. = a few + 可复n. 数个....
time ①不可n. 时间 ② 可n. 次数
五.It's so beautiful! It's a folding fan. It has a painting of bamboo on it.好漂亮啊!这是把折叠扇,上面画着竹子。 (p33)
考点:①so +adj. (原级)=very/quite + adj,(原级) 非常/相当....
so+ adj.+ a/an +单n. = quite a/an + 单n.= such a/an + 单n. 如此...的一个....
②fold v.折叠, 折起,→folding adj.可折叠的
③fan n.迷, 扇子
④paint v.给…上油漆, (用颜料)绘画 →painting n.绘画, 油画
⑤bamboo 不可n. 竹子
六.Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings. It's a goodness in Chinese culture.竹子是中国绘画中最受欢迎的主题之一,在中华文化里,这是一种美德。 (p33)
考点: one of the+形容词最高级+n.复数 “最……之一” 做主语时,谓语动词用第三人称的单数
考点: ①be popular with sb.:受某人欢迎
eg.“Basketball is popular with boys.”(篮球受男孩欢迎)。
be popular for sth.:因某事/某物而受欢迎
eg.“The city is popular for its beautiful beaches.”(这座城市因美丽的海滩而受欢迎)
pupular 多音节词 →最高级 most popular
②名词后缀--ness
kind→kindness 仁慈good→goodness 美德/营养 happy→happiness 幸福
sad→ sadness 悲伤 sick →sickness疾病
七.Really? Like what? Well,bamboo is one of the fastest-growing plants. Some bamboo can grow almost one metre in one day. Also, it's one of the most useful plants in the world. 真的吗?比如什么?竹子是生长最快的植物之一,有些竹子一天可以长近一米。而且,而且,它是世界上最有用的植物之一。 (p33)
考点:① like what 比如什么 fastest-growing adj. 生长最快的
② almost =nearly 几乎/差不多(用于be 情助前/实义动词后)
③结构:grow + 具体数量 + in + 时间单位,表示“在某段时间内增长/生长了多少”
Eg. The plant can grow 5 centimetres in a week.(这种植物一周能长5厘米。)
④use v. 使用 →useful adj. 有用的 → usefully adv.有用地,有效地→useless adj.无用的
八.People can use it to build houses and make tools and instruments.Exactly! Actually we eat bamboo shoots too. Is Ella interested in bamboo? How do you know?人们可以用它来建造房屋和制作工具和仪器。没错!实际上我们还吃竹笋。艾拉对竹子感兴趣吗?你怎么知道的?
考点:① use sth.to do sth. (不定式做目的状语) make tools and instruments 制作工具和仪器
②exact adj.精确的, 实际的→ exactly adv.精确地,确切地, 正是如此= in fact
③shoot 可数n. 嫩芽 v. 射击、发射 shoot at...向…射击[开枪等]
④be interested in ...对…感兴趣=show an interest in... places of interest 名胜古迹
九. I'm your tour guide today.Please feel free to ask me any questions you have. Bamboo seems to be a very popular plant in China. 我是你们今天的导游,请随时向我提问。竹子在中国似乎是一种很受欢迎的植物。你能告诉我为什么中国人如此喜欢竹子吗? (p34)
①a tour guide 一名导游 feel free to do sth.请随意做某事 any questions you have你有的任何问题(you have是定语从句)
②seem to do sth. 似乎在做某事 seem to be adj./n. 似乎是...
十.Can you tell me why the Chinese people like bamboo so much?你能告诉我为
什么中国人如此喜欢竹子吗?(P34)
结构: 主谓(主句)+ 引导词+宾语从句 {包括① that(可省略)+主谓宾 ②疑问词(what/how/when/why/where..)+主谓 ③if/weather(是否)+主谓} 时态: 主过从过,主现从不限,客观真理用一现
Eg.We want to know where the boy is from.
十一.The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant.The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals.世界上最大的陆地动物是非洲象。猎豹在所有陆地动物中跑得最快。(p35)
考点:①land n.陆地, 国土; v.(使)降落,着陆
②Africa n.非洲→African adj.非洲的, 非洲人的 n.非洲人
③among prep. 在…中(三者或以上) between A and B 在A与B之间(两者)
十二.It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world.它可能是世界上最有趣的植物(p35)
考点:perhaps =maybe =probably 可能也许
十三. The elephant birds were the largest and heaviest birds ever on earth. Some could stand up to three metres tall and weigh up to 860 kg.这些象鸟是有史以来最大、最重的鸟类。有些可以站到3米高,重达860公斤。(p35)
考点:①ever 有史以来、曾经(存在过)②on earth 地球上
③stand up to +高度值 高达.. weigh up to +重量值 重达... up to.. 接近 达到
weigh v. 称重 →weight n.重量
十四.The ginkgo tree is one of the most beautiful living trees on earth.银杏树是地球上最美丽的现存的树之一。(p35)
考点:live、living、lively、alive 的区别解析
单词
词性
核心语义(定语 / 表语)
典型例句
live
adj. / v.
居住 活的(生物);实时的 直播的 (只作定语)
live animals(活的动物)、live show(直播节目)
living
adj. / n.
活着的;现存的;生计(定语 / 表语(adj.))
living people(活人)、He is living.(他还活着)
alive
adj.
活着的(常含 “幸存”);活跃的(定语 / 表语)
He is alive.(他活着)、keep sth. alive(让某物有活力)
lively
adj.
有活力的、生动的
a lively girl(活泼的女孩)、lively atmosphere(热闹的氛围)
十五.Ginkgo first appeared over200 million years ago. 银杏首次出现于2亿多年前。(p35)
考点:英语数字单位:hundred 百 thousand 千 million 百万 billion 十亿
口诀记忆法:“具体单数无of,概数复数加 of”
(例:three thousand books 三千本书,thousands of birds 上千只鸟
four hundred boys 四百个男孩 hundreds of plants数百株植物 )
over①prep. 在…的上方②prep.超过.. =more than... ③adj. 结束的
十六.Chinese people love the ginkgo, as it is a symbol of hope and long life.中国人喜欢银杏,因为它象征着希望和长寿。(p35)
考点 :as 的用法
①介词 作为(职业 / 用途);像…… 一样(接名词)
She works as a doctor in a hospital.她在一家医院里当医生。
The moon shone bright as a lamp.(月亮像灯一样明亮。)
②连词 引导从句 时间(当…… 时)、原因(因为)、方式(按照)
I was reading as my mother cooked.(妈妈做饭时,我在看书。)
As it was raining, we stayed at home.(因为下雨,我们待在了家里。)
Do as I tell you.(按照我说的做。)
③副词 用于 “as...as” 中,表 “同样...”
This book is as interesting as that one.(这本书和那本一样有趣。)
十七.One of the most popular activities is to take a walk under ginkgo trees .People believe the bright yellow leaves can bring joy to their heart .(p35)
考点:① sth. Is to do sth. (不定式作表语)
eg. His dream is to travel around the world.他的梦想是环游世界。
②bring sth. to sb. 给某人带来...
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