精品解析：江苏省南京市职业学校2024-2025学年高二上学期期末统考中职英语试卷

南京市职业学校2024/2025学年度第一学期期末统考试卷 2023级综合高中《英语》试卷 注意事项： 1. 答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置。 2. 作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再涂选其他答案。作答非选择题，必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效。 3. 如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘，写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗。 本试卷分三部分，第一部分语言知识运用，满分40分；第二部分阅读理解，满分40分；第三部分书面表达，满分20分，共计100分。考试时间120分钟。 第一部分：语言知识运用（共40小题；每题1分，满分40分） 第一节 在本节中，你将读到10个句子，从题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并将答题卡上对应的字母涂黑。 1. Although Tom’s ________ traveling in Africa were full of danger and risks, he got a great success in the end. A. sights B. performances C. adventures D. experiments 2. ________ suggested that a parent-teacher meeting ________ in the school’s report hall tomorrow. A. It will be; will be held B. It is; be held C. It will be; is held D. It is; will be held 3. You must raise your hand if you have any questions in class. ________, your teacher won’t notice you. A. Otherwise B. Anyway C. However D. Moreover 4. Tu Youyou is a Chinese scientist ______ managed to extract artemisinin (提取青蒿素) from a Chinese herb. A. whom B. / C. which D. who 5. —What were you doing when I called your mother to ask about your study last night? —I ______ cleaning dining hall and was starting to do homework. A. have already finished B. was finishing C. had just finished D. was going to finish 6. I’m not sure whether I can hold a party in the open air, because it ______ the weather. A. stands for B. depends on C. lives on D. agrees with 7. ______ Si Ku Quan Shu states, Xu recorded ______ he saw and heard with his eyes and ears. A. Which; that B. As; that C. Which; what D. As; what 8. Yuan Longping was a world-famous scientist. Because of his achievements, rice ______ has been increased greatly. A. population B. contribution C. production D. introduction 9. You must keep calm. If you give up ________ chance, you can’t get ________ second one. A. the; a B. a; a C. a; the D. the; the 10. ______ on the top of Zijin Mount., you can have a good ______ of the whole Nanjing city. A. Standing; scenery B. To stand; scenery C. Standing; view D. To stand; view 第二节 在本节中，你将读到15个短对话或片段，从题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 11. —I heard that there will be a paper-cutting artist to explain the art of paper-cutting to us. —________. I’m looking forward to it. A. How wonderful! B. No problem. C. Who cares! D. Why not? 12. —Sir, _________? —Yes, I’d like chicken with rice. A. what’s your favorite food B. may I take your order C would you like some drink D. do you like the food here 13. —Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing? —______ He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty. A. How come? B. So what? C. With pleasure. D. Of course. 14. — Hello! May I speak to Rachel, please? — ________. I’ll go and get her. A. Speaking B. It’s hard to say C. I don’t think so D. Hold on, please 15. —How I miss my parents and grandparents! I can hardly sleep at night without my family. —______. A. All roads lead to Rome. B. East or west, home is the best. C. It never rains but it pours D. Better late than never 16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? W: Hi, Andy. I didn’t see you in Professor Smith’s class yesterday. What happened? M: Well, I had a headache. So, I called him and asked for sick leave. A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Colleagues. D. Doctor and patient. 17. The paragraph mainly talks about ________. Role models may be scientists, artists, or teachers who have devoted their time and energy to making a positive impact on the world. Their stories and achievements inspire us to make a difference in our communities and the world. A. scientists’ contribution B. role models C. personal achievement D. personal career 18. What is the matter with Billy? A: Hey Billy. You look worried. What’s the matter? B: Err. I need to buy a book. but I don’t have enough money. A: Why? You mum has given you the money of this month, hasn’t she? B: Yes, she has. But I have spent it all. A. Lack of money. B. He wants to buy a book. C. The book is too expensive. D. His mother won’t give him money. 19. Which of the following is Not a reason for the popularity of dragon dance? It is believed that performing dragon dance scares away evil spirits and all the bad luck, and brings in good luck and wealth. This is why dragon dance is very popular during Chinese Lunar New Year, as well as during other occasions such as weddings and other important festivals. A. To bring good luck. B. To scare away evil spirits. C. To celebrate wedding. D. To hold Tomb-sweeping festival 20. Where may the above passage come from? Good start student’s English Dictionary 5th Edition builds your English Vocabulary better than ever before and leads the way to more confident communication in English. A. A new report B. A science book. C. A novel D. An advertisement 21. How does the woman feel? W: I couldn’t help worrying about my children. This is the first time they have been out with us. M: Don’t worry. They are grown-ups. A. Angry B. Confused C. concerned D. anxious 22. What is the man poor at when using Chinese? W: Have you decided to take that position in China? I heard the salary is good. M: No. W: Why? You took Chinese in high school, didn’t you? M: I’d be all right if they only required a reading or writing knowledge of it. But you see, I have to speak there. A Reading. B. Speaking. C. Writing. D. Listening. 23. Male nurses will number over _______ by 2018. The nursing profession for males has a promising job future. According to the U.S. Department of Labor, by 2008, there were 2,618,000 nurses. By 2018, there will be over 3,200,000 nurses. However, only six percent of nurses are male. A. 3,200,000 B. 2,618,000 C. 192,000 D. 5,818,000 24. What do we learn from the conversation? M: Why didn’t you stop when we first signaled you at the crossroads? W: Sorry, I was just a bit absent-minded. Anyway, do I have to pay a fine? A. The woman knows how to deal with the police B. The woman had been fined many times before C. The woman had violated traffic regulations. D. The woman is good at finding excuses. 25. The monitor expresses ________ Monitor: Can’t you be quiet? You are always making noise in class. Student: Sorry I will try to control myself. Monitor: You always say more than do! I follow you... a black sheep! A. disappointment B. depression C. sadness D. annoyance 第三节 在本节中，你将读到一段对话，从方框中所给的A、B、C、D、E五个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 补全对话 A: Hey, have you heard of the eight major cuisines in China? B: ____26____ They are important representatives of Chinese food culture. A: Yeah, I think they all have their own characteristics and are very interesting. ____27____ B: Well. I prefer Sichuan cuisine. That kind of spicy taste is irresistible (无法抵抗). A: ____28____ However, the other cuisines in the eight major cuisines are also very good. B: Yes, for example, Lu cuisine, its taste is quite rich and has its own characteristics. A: There is also Huaiyang cuisine, which is known for its lightness and emphasis on the original taste. B: Well, there is also Cantonese cuisine (粤菜), with very diverse cooking techniques. A: ____29____ B: That’s right, like Dongpo pork (东坡肉) in Zhe cuisine and Fo Tiao Qiang (佛跳墙) in Min cuisine, they are all very famous. A: ____30____ B: Haha, then let’s find a place to taste these delicious foods. A. Which cuisine do you like the most? B. Of course I have! C. I also really like Sichuan cuisine, especially hot and mapo tofu. D. Speaking of which, I’m a little hungry. E. Yeah, and each of the eight major cuisines has many classic dishes. 第四节 在本节中，你将读到一篇短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The Development of Electric Cars Electric cars may seem like a recent invention, but they have been around for years. In the early 1900s, there were ____31____ electric cars on the road than gasoline （汽油） cars, because at that time, gasoline was expensive compared with other fuels （燃料）. Electric cars were more popular. When gasoline ____32____ dropped and new technologies on gasoline cars were developed, electric cars were out of date. Gasoline cars became more popular ____33____, because they could go farther without stopping. During the 20th century, gasoline cars got bigger, heavier and faster. They needed more fuel, and it ____34____ more air pollution. For years, the car makers didn’t worry about pollution. They didn’t worry about how much gasoline cars used, either. But when people began to ____35____ that there was not enough oil on the earth, they asked carmakers to produce more efficient （高效能的） and less polluting cars. One ____36____ of solving the problem was a “hybrid” car （混合动力车）, one that ran partly on gasoline and partly on electricity. Hybrid cars became popular in the 2000s because gasoline prices went up while prices of hybrid cars went ____37____. An all-electric car uses no gasoline. The problem, however, is that car batteries（电池）need to be recharged（再充电）. That makes electric cars not so ____38____ for long journeys. Many people are not pleased with it. The government and carmakers are working together to ____39____ safe, cheap and useful electric cars. When more and more people have these electric cars in the future, a gasoline station may ____40____. 31. A. fewer B. more C. faster D. bigger 32. A. prices B. places C. stations D. keepers 33. A. instead B. still C. yet D. forever 34. A. pushed B. controlled C. caused D. wasted 35. A. imagine B. start C. keep D. realize 36. A. way B. person C. article D. style 37. A. out B. up C. away D. down 38. A. different B. delicious C. suitable D. calm 39. A. describe B. develop C. forget D. protect 40. A. discover B. design C. build D. disappear 第二部分：阅读理解（共22小题；第41—58题每题2分，第59—62题每题1分，满40分） 第五节 在本节中，你将读到三则阅读材料，从题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 A Mrs. Smith has a bottle of medicine named 666 POWDER FOR COLD at home. Here is the instruction of it. Description: For the relief (消除) of common cold, cough, headache, fever and sore throat. Directions: Take three times after meals. You must obey the following dose (剂量) each time. Under 6 years: ask for a doctor 6 —11 years: 1/2 spoon=5g 12 years or above: 1 spoon=10g Weight: 60g each bottle Production Date: Dec. 2011 Keeping Time: 3 years Warning: 1. Put in a cool, dry and clean place. Keep away from sunlight and the reach of children. 2. Don’t overdose. In case of overdose get medical help as soon as possible. 3. Don’t take if you have heart disease, high blood pressure or you are going to give a birth. 4. Stop taking and go to ask a doctor if you feel sleepy, tired and nervous in an hour after taking. 5. Don’t keep on using over one week. 41. What kind of patients mustn’t take 666 POWDER FOR COLD? A. The patients who have got a fever. B. The patients who have got a cough. C. The patients who have got a sore throat. D. The patients who have got a heart disease. 42. What is the best time to take the medicine? A. At 6 a. m. after one wakes up B. At 5:30 p. m. before dinner C. At 10 p. m. before bedtime D. At 12 o’clock after lunch 43. How many days can a bottle of 666 POWDER FOR COLD last for an adult patient at least? A. One day B. Two days. C. Three days D. Six days. 44. Which of the following is the best place for keeping the medicine? A. A place near the sink in the kitchen. B. A clean place near the window C. A clean drawer with a lock in the bedroom D. A dry place near in the fireplace 45. Mrs. Smith’s baby, John, six months old, has got a cold. What do you think she should do? A. She should feed him 1/2 spoon of 666 POWDER FOR COLD three times a day B. She should feed him 1 spoon of 666 POWDER FOR COLD three times a day. C. She should take him to see a doctor and get to know what’s wrong with her son. D. She should feed him 1/2 spoon of 666 POWDER FOR COLD only once 46. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Patients can take the 666 POWDER FOR COLD in February, 2015. B. If patients take more than one spoon at a time, they need to see a doctor. C. If patients don’t feel well after taking, they need to see a doctor. D. Patients can’t use 666 POWDER FOR COLD for more than seven days. B Research has shown the importance of physical activities for students in a school environment. So many schools are now encouraging students to take part in some healthy forms of exercise. Physical education is an important part of healthy living for people of all age groups, especially those going to school. This is because school life is full of stress. Except that, in today’s world, many school children eat unhealthy foods. These may include soft drinks, pizzas, and burgers. Eating these foods often can increase school children’s body weight. Physical education at school helps in preventing school children from putting on weight. Physical exercise and activities will help them burn off more calories. If these calories are not burned off, they will be stored as fat. By doing physical exercises students use their calories to get energy. At the same time, such activities play an important role in the healthy growth and development of bones. Exercises such as jumping are especially important for school children as such activities produce a force onto the bone that helps improve its power and growth. A physically active student will also have a healthy heart. Research shows that kids who perform aerobic (有氧的) exercises, two to three times a week for at least twenty minutes, have a healthier heart compared with those who don’t take part in physical education. Some of the healthy aerobic exercises are: playing basketball and soccer. 47. What are schools encouraging their students to do in Paragraph 1? A. Keep body and mind healthy. B. Do research on healthy exercise. C. Perform physical activities actively. D. Pay more attention to school education. 48. What does the word “those” refer to ______ A. Parents. B. Students. C. Teachers. D. Customers. 49. Which paragraphs give the reasons why physical education is more important for students? A. ①② B. ②③ C. ③④ D. ④⑤ 50. Which of the following opinions most probably is the writer’s? A. It’s not easy for students to receive physical education. B. Physical activities are good for students in many ways. C. Students should have more time to receive knowledge and education. D. Those who don’t join in physical activities can’t keep fit. 51. What is the best title for the text? A. A study on physical education. B. Exercising more to keep healthy. C. Taking healthy aerobic exercise. D. Different kinds of physical activities. C When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to repair the environment around human being. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste in the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he built a series of clear tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds (池塘) and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. 52. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone. C. He had a curious mind. D. He longed to be a doctor. 53. What does the underlined word “ecosystem” mean? A. 自然系统 B. 循环系统 C. 经济系统 D. 生态系统 54. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A. To build an ecosystem. B. To feed the animals. C. To test the eco-machine. D. To protect the plants. 55. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea. C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To remove doubts about John’s invention. 56. What is the basis for John’s work? A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive. C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups. 第六节 在本节中，你将读到两个来自阅读理解中的划线句，请根据上下文把它们翻译成中文。 57. Physical education is an important part of healthy living for people of all age groups, especially those going to school. (句子英译汉) __________________________________________________ 58. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to repair the environment around human being. (句子英译汉) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 第七节 在本节中，你将读到一篇短文。 根据所读内容在短文后表格中的空格处填入一个恰当的词。每空一词。 Nowadays in school life, a lot of students develop a fear of tests. It’s not because tests are something to be afraid of. Most students are afraid of tests mainly because they don’t have enough self-confidence and they don’t always think they are well prepared. If you follow the tips below, it’s not difficult to overcome your fear of tests. People who know that they are not well-prepared are usually those who fear test most. However, most students don’t know when they are truly prepared for a test. As long as you know that you have studied well and long enough, you have reason to believe that you are well-prepared. Be confident about yourself. Confidence before a test can bring about two things: either you fail the test and feel as if your confidence was unfounded (毫无根据) or you could actually do well in the test because of your confidence. Some students find that they experience the first result. However, this is only because those students might not have followed the first tip mentioned above. As long as you have studied well, you will be more confident of your chance to succeed in a test. If you feel as if you have not studied hard enough, then you will not be as confident as you should be. Ask your teacher in advance about the material that is going to be covered in the test. In this way, you will know what you should prepare for and you can get confidence in the test. But you have to be brave enough to ask. Most students do not ask unless their teacher gives the information first, so make sure that you ask. You should know that tests are only telling if you have got the knowledge, not how good or bad your IQ is. So, even if you do badly in one test, you should know that there are other tests to come. As long as you think that there is another tomorrow, you can overcome your fear of a test. However, make sure that you are going to prepare well for the other tests. Fear can be a problem in the process of achieving success. However, with the right attitude and preparations, you can overcome your fear of tests by using these tips. Title: ____59____ to overcome your fear of tests Advice Prepare well You should make good preparations If you have studied well and long enough, you would be sure that you are well-prepared. Be ____60____ Confidence before a test can have two things ●You could fail the test and feel as if your confidence was unfounded. ●Your confidence could lead to your ____61____ in the test. Confidence comes from ____62____ hard enough. Ask your teacher You can ask your teacher what material the test will cover. Hold a positive attitude Keep in mind that tests just test your knowledge and don’t lose heart because of one test failure. Conclusion Right attitude and preparations are the key factors (因素) in overcoming your fear of tests. 第三部分：书面表达（满分20分） 63. 生活就像一面镜子，你对它笑，它也会对你笑。请以“Learn to Smile”为题，根据下表所列的要点写一篇短文。 学会对自己微笑 ·面对困难与烦恼时，要学会微笑 ·要自信，有时击败你的人就是你自己 ·有益于身心健康 学会对他人微笑 ·便于与他人之间的交流 ·给别人带来快乐的时候，自己也会感到快乐 总结 微笑是一种语言，人人都能懂，可以传递友谊，拉近距离 要求： (1)词数不少于80； (2)必须包括以上要点，可以适当扩充，但不能逐词翻译； (3)文中不要提及校名和姓名。 Learn to Smile ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 南京市职业学校2024/2025学年度第一学期期末统考试卷 2023级综合高中《英语》试卷 注意事项： 1. 答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置。 2. 作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再涂选其他答案。作答非选择题，必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效。 3. 如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘，写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗。 本试卷分三部分，第一部分语言知识运用，满分40分；第二部分阅读理解，满分40分；第三部分书面表达，满分20分，共计100分。考试时间120分钟。 第一部分：语言知识运用（共40小题；每题1分，满分40分） 第一节 在本节中，你将读到10个句子，从题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并将答题卡上对应的字母涂黑。 1. Although Tom’s ________ traveling in Africa were full of danger and risks, he got a great success in the end. A. sights B. performances C. adventures D. experiments 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管汤姆在非洲的冒险充满了危险和风险，但他最终还是取得了巨大的成功。A. sights风景；B. performances表演；C. adventures奇遇，冒险；D. experiments实验。根据“were full of danger and risks (充满了危险和风险)”可知，此处指充满危险和风险的冒险活动，应用adventures。故选C。 2. ________ suggested that a parent-teacher meeting ________ in the school’s report hall tomorrow. A. It will be; will be held B. It is; be held C. It will be; is held D. It is; will be held 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查虚拟语气和it作形式主语。句意：大家建议明天在学校报告大厅举行家长会。分析句子结构及选项可知，“that a parent-teacher meeting ... in the school’s report hall tomorrow.”是一个主语从句，it作形式主语，第一空，“It is suggested that …”意为“大家建议，据建议”是常用的表达方式，故填It is；第二空，与建议、命令、要求等相关的名词性从句，从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可以省略，从句主语“a parent-teacher meeting (家长会)”与从句谓语动词hold是被动关系，第二空应该用should be held，should可以省略。故选B。 3. You must raise your hand if you have any questions in class. ________, your teacher won’t notice you. A. Otherwise B. Anyway C. However D. Moreover 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你在课上有任何问题，你必须举手。否则，你的老师不会注意到你。A. Otherwise否则；B. Anyway无论如何；C. However然而；D. Moreover而且。分析句意可知，前句是后句的条件，后句是前句的结果，即“前句的条件（你必须举手）和后句的结果（如果不这样，老师不会注意到你）”，要用副词Otherwise连接条件与结果。故选A。 4. Tu Youyou is a Chinese scientist ______ managed to extract artemisinin (提取青蒿素) from a Chinese herb. A. whom B. / C. which D. who 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：屠呦呦是一位中国科学家，她设法从一种中草药中提取出青蒿素。分析句子可知，“… managed to extract artemisinin (提取青蒿素) from a Chinese herb”为定语从句，先行词为“scientist”，表示人，且其在定语从句中作主语，故用“who”引导定语从句。故选D。 5. —What were you doing when I called your mother to ask about your study last night? —I ______ cleaning dining hall and was starting to do homework. A. have already finished B. was finishing C. had just finished D. was going to finish 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查过去完成时态。句意：—当我打电话给您的母亲昨晚询问您的书房时，您在做什么？—我刚刚完成了清洁餐厅，开始做作业。分析句意可知，“was starting to do homework”说明过去正在进行的动作，而“finish”这一动作应该是在此之前已经完成的，即“过去的过去”，要用过去完成时（had+动词过去分词）。故选C。 6. I’m not sure whether I can hold a party in the open air because it ______ the weather. A. stands for B. depends on C. lives on D. agrees with 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：不确定是否能在户外举办派对，因为这取决于天气。A. stands for代表；B. depends on取决于；C. lives on以……为生；D. agrees with同意。根据“I’m not sure whether I can hold a party in the open air”和“the weather”可知，因为天气好坏决定能否在户外举办派对，即“取决于天气”。故选B。 7. ______ Si Ku Quan Shu states, Xu recorded ______ he saw and heard with his eyes and ears. A. Which; that B. As; that C. Which; what D. As; what 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和宾语从句以及从属连词。句意：正如《四库全书》所述，徐霞客记录下了他亲眼所见和亲耳所闻的一切。分析句子结构，第一空，“...Si Ku Quan Shu states”是一个定语从句，先行词是后面一整句子“ Xu recorded ... he saw and heard with his eyes and ears.”，表示“正如……一样”，位于句首，要用关系代词as引导；第二空，“... he saw and heard with his eyes and ears”是一个宾语从句，宾语从句中saw and heard 缺少宾语，表“……物/事”，要用连接“what”引导。故选D。 8. Yuan Longping was a world-famous scientist. Because of his achievements, rice ______ has been increased greatly. A. population B. contribution C. production D. introduction 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：袁隆平是一位世界著名的科学家。由于他的成就，水稻产量已经大大增加了。A. population人口；B. contribution贡献；C. production生产，产量；D. introduction引入，介绍。根据句意可知，此处是指“水稻的产量”。故选C。 9. You must keep calm. If you give up ________ chance, you can’t get ________ second one. A. the; a B. a; a C. a; the D. the; the 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查冠词辨析。句意：你必须保持冷静。如果你放弃了这个机会，你就不会再有机会了。第一空，根据句意可知，此处指的是说话人和听者双方都知道的机会，因此应使用定冠词the，表示特指；第二空，根据句意可知，如果放弃这个机会，不会再有机会了，此处的序数词“second”不表示顺序，而是表示“再一，又一”，因此应该用不定冠词a。故选A。 10. ______ on the top of Zijin Mount., you can have a good ______ of the whole Nanjing city. A. Standing; scenery B. To stand; scenery C. Standing; view D. To stand; view 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查现在分词做状语和名词辨析。句意：在紫金山顶，你可以看到整个南京市的景色。分析句子结构可知，此句没有任何连词连接，句子已有谓语“can have”，第一空应该是分词作状语，所给非谓语动词stand与其逻辑主语you之间是主动关系，且表示同时发生动作，应用现在分词“Standing”作伴随状语；第二空，view 为可数名词，强调从某处可见的视野范围，scenery 为不可数名词，指自然风景的整体，不与“a”直接搭配，have a good view of 是固定搭配，意为“清楚看到……的景色”。故选C。 第二节 在本节中，你将读到15个短对话或片段，从题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 11. —I heard that there will be a paper-cutting artist to explain the art of paper-cutting to us. —________. I’m looking forward to it. A. How wonderful! B. No problem. C. Who cares! D. Why not? 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：—我听说会有一位剪纸艺术家给我们讲解剪纸艺术。—太棒了！我很期待。A. How wonderful太棒了；B. No problem没有问题；C. Who cares谁在乎；D. Why not为什么不呢。根据“I’m looking forward to it.”可知，此处认为剪纸艺术家讲解剪纸艺术这件事很棒。故选A。 12. —Sir, _________? —Yes, I’d like chicken with rice. A. what’s your favorite food B. may I take your order C. would you like some drink D. do you like the food here 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：—先生，可以点餐了吗？—可以，我要鸡肉配米饭。A. what’s your favorite food你最喜欢的食物是什么；B. may I take your order可以点餐了吗；C. would you like some drink你想喝点什么吗；D. do you like the food here你喜欢这里的食物吗。根据下文可知，这是在进行点餐，B项符合语境。故选B。 13. —Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing? —______ He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty. A. How come? B. So what? C. With pleasure. D. Of course. 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：—你知道关于张仲景的信息吗？—当然。从东汉起他就被尊为医圣。A. How come怎么会；B. So what那又如何；C. With pleasure很乐意；D. Of course当然了。根据“He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.”可知，回答者知道并给出更多细节，此处应对该问题作肯定回答，“Of course.”符合语境。故选D。 14. — Hello! May I speak to Rachel, please? — ________. I’ll go and get her. A. Speaking B. It’s hard to say C. I don’t think so D. Hold on, please 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：—你好！我可以跟Rachel说话吗？—别挂电话。我去叫她来接听。A. Speaking说话；B. It’s hsrd to say这很难说；C. I don’t think so我不那么认为；D. Hold on, please别挂电话。根据下文“I’ll go and get her.”可知，此处是稍等片刻，别挂电话。故选D。 15. —How I miss my parents and grandparents! I can hardly sleep at night without my family. —______. A. All roads lead to Rome. B. East or west, home is the best. C. It never rains but it pours D. Better late than never 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：—我好想念我的父母和祖父母！没有家人我晚上几乎睡不着觉。—金窝银窝不如自己的草窝。A. All roads lead to Rome.条条道路通罗马；B. East or west, home is the best.金窝银窝不如自己的草窝；C. It never rains but it pours祸不单行；D. Better late than never亡羊补牢为时不晚。根据“How I miss my parents and grandparents! I can hardly sleep at night without my family.”可知，是强调家的重要性，选项B“East or west, home is the best. (金窝银窝不如自己的草窝)”符合第一个人表达的对家人的思念之情，无论在哪里，家都是最好的。故选B。 16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? W: Hi, Andy. I didn’t see you in Professor Smith’s class yesterday. What happened? M: Well, I had a headache. So, I called him and asked for sick leave. A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Colleagues. D. Doctor and patient. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查推理判断。句意：说话者之间可能是什么关系？根据“I didn’t see you in Professor Smith’s class yesterday. (昨天我在史密斯教授的课上没有见到你。)”可知，女人询问男人为什么昨天不在史密斯教授的课上，这表明他们都是同一堂课的学生，所以是同学关系。故选A。 17. The paragraph mainly talks about ________. Role models may be scientists, artists, or teachers who have devoted their time and energy to making a positive impact on the world. Their stories and achievements inspire us to make a difference in our communities and the world. A. scientists’ contribution B. role models C. personal achievement D. personal career 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查细节理解。句意：这段话主要谈论了楷模。根据“Role models may be scientists, artists, or teachers (楷模可以是科学家、艺术家或教师)”及“Their stories and achievements inspire us (他们的故事和成就激励着我们)”可知，本段主要讲述了楷模的故事和成就对我们的激励作用，role models (楷模)符合文意。故选B。 18. What is the matter with Billy? A: Hey, Billy. You look worried. What’s the matter? B: Err. I need to buy a book. but I don’t have enough money. A: Why? You mum has given you the money of this month, hasn’t she? B: Yes, she has. But I have spent it all. A. Lack of money. B. He wants to buy a book. C. The book is too expensive. D. His mother won’t give him money. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查细节理解。句意：比利怎么了？根据“I need to buy a book. but I don’t have enough money. (我需要买一本书，但我没有足够的钱。)”可知，比利没有足够的钱。故选A。 19. Which of the following is Not a reason for the popularity of dragon dance? It is believed that performing dragon dance scares away evil spirits and all the bad luck, and brings in good luck and wealth. This is why dragon dance is very popular during Chinese Lunar New Year, as well as during other occasions such as weddings and other important festivals. A. To bring good luck. B. To scare away evil spirits. C. To celebrate wedding. D. To hold Tomb-sweeping festival 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查推理判断。句意：以下哪一项不是舞龙舞受欢迎的原因？根据“It is believed that performing dragon dance scares away evil spirits and all the bad luck, and brings in good luck and wealth. This is why dragon dance is very popular during Chinese Lunar New Year, as well as during other occasions such as weddings and other important festivals. (人们相信，表演舞龙可以吓跑恶鬼和一切霉运，带来好运和财富。这就是为什么在中国农历新年期间以及其他场合，如婚礼和其他重要节日时，舞龙舞非常受欢迎的原因。)”可知，婚礼和其他重要节日时（喜庆节日）有舞龙表演，清明节是寄哀思的节日，不需要舞龙舞狮的表演。故选D。 20. Where may the above passage come from? Good start student’s English Dictionary 5th Edition builds your English Vocabulary better than ever before and leads the way to more confident communication in English. A. A new report B. A science book. C. A novel D. An advertisement 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查推理判断。句意：上面的文章可能来自哪里？根据“Good start student’s English Dictionary 5th Edition builds your English Vocabulary better than ever before and leads the way to more confident communication in English. (《佳启学生英语字典》（第五版）比以往任何时候都更好地构建您的英语词汇量，为更自信的英语交流铺平道路)”可知，是向人们介绍第五版英语字典，结合所给的选项可知，应是一则广告。故选D。 21. How does the woman feel? W: I couldn’t help worrying about my children. This is the first time they have been out with us. M: Don’t worry. They are grown-ups. A. Angry B. Confused C. concerned D. anxious 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查细节理解。题意：女士感觉如何？根据“I couldn’t help worrying about my children. (我忍不住担心我的孩子们。)”可知，这位女士感到担忧。故选C。 22. What is the man poor at when using Chinese? W: Have you decided to take that position in China? I heard the salary is good. M: No. W: Why? You took Chinese in high school, didn’t you? M: I’d be all right if they only required a reading or writing knowledge of it. But you see, I have to speak there. A. Reading. B. Speaking. C. Writing. D. Listening. 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查细节理解。句意：这个人在使用汉语时不擅长什么？根据“I’d be all right if they only required a reading or writing knowledge of it. But you see, I have to speak there. (如果他们只要求阅读或写作知识，我就可以。但你看，我必须在那里讲话。)”可知，他会读会写中文，但不擅长说。故选B。 23. Male nurses will number over _______ by 2018. The nursing profession for males has a promising job future. According to the U.S. Department of Labor, by 2008, there were 2,618,000 nurses. By 2018, there will be over 3,200,000 nurses. However, only six percent of nurses are male. A. 3200,000 B. 2,618,000 C. 192,000 D. 5,818,000 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查细节理解。题意：到2018年，男护士人数将超过192,000人。根据“By 2018, there will be over 3,200,000 nurses. However, only six percent of nurses are male. (到2018年，护士人数将超过320万人。然而，只有百分之六的护士是男性。)”可知，男护士的人数是：3200000×6% = 192000。故选C。 24. What do we learn from the conversation? M: Why didn’t you stop when we first signaled you at the crossroads? W: Sorry, I was just a bit absent-minded. Anyway, do I have to pay a fine? A. The woman knows how to deal with the police B. The woman had been fined many times before C. The woman had violated traffic regulations. D. The woman is good at finding excuses. 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查细节理解。句意：我们从对话中学到了什么？根据“Why didn’t you stop when we first signaled you at the crossroads? (为什么我们在十字路口第一次向你发出信号时你没有停下来？)”可以看出，女士没有在十字路口按警察的信号停车，说明她违反了交通规则。故选C。 25. The monitor expresses ________ Monitor: Can’t you be quiet? You are always making noise in class. Student: Sorry, I will try to control myself. Monitor: You always say more than do! I follow you... a black sheep! A. disappointment B. depression C. sadness D. annoyance 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查推理判断。题意：班长表示烦恼。根据“Can’t you be quiet? (你不能安静点吗？)”以及“I follow you... a black sheep! (我明白你的意思……害群之马！)”可知，班长认为这个学生很吵闹而且还说他是害群之马，推断出班长很烦恼。故选D。 第三节 在本节中，你将读到一段对话，从方框中所给的A、B、C、D、E五个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 补全对话 A: Hey, have you heard of the eight major cuisines in China? B: ____26____ They are important representatives of Chinese food culture. A: Yeah, I think they all have their own characteristics and are very interesting. ____27____ B: Well. I prefer Sichuan cuisine. That kind of spicy taste is irresistible (无法抵抗). A: ____28____ However, the other cuisines in the eight major cuisines are also very good. B: Yes, for example, Lu cuisine, its taste is quite rich and has its own characteristics. A: There is also Huaiyang cuisine, which is known for its lightness and emphasis on the original taste. B: Well, there is also Cantonese cuisine (粤菜), with very diverse cooking techniques. A: ____29____ B: That’s right, like Dongpo pork (东坡肉) in Zhe cuisine and Fo Tiao Qiang (佛跳墙) in Min cuisine, they are all very famous. A: ____30____ B: Haha, then let’s find a place to taste these delicious foods. A. Which cuisine do you like the most? B. Of course I have! C. I also really like Sichuan cuisine, especially hot and mapo tofu. D. Speaking of which, I’m a little hungry. E. Yeah, and each of the eight major cuisines has many classic dishes. 【答案】26. B 27. A 28. C 29. E 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是两个人谈论八大菜系并相约吃饭的对话。 【26题详解】 根据“Hey, have you heard of the eight major cuisines in China? (嘿，你听说过中国的八大菜系吗？)”可知，此处是要回答是否对于八大菜系了解这件事，选项B“我当然有！”符合语境。故选B。 【27题详解】 根据“Well. I prefer Sichuan cuisine. (嗯。我更喜欢川菜。)”可知，此处是询问最喜欢的菜系，选项A“你最喜欢什么菜？”符合语境。故选A。  【28题详解】 根据“However, the other cuisines in the eight major cuisines are also very good. (不过，八大菜系中的其他菜系也很不错。)”可知，此处认为八大菜系中的其他菜系也像四川菜一样不错，选项C“我也很喜欢川菜，尤其是麻婆豆腐。”符合语境。故选C。 【29题详解】 根据“That’s right, like Dongpo pork (东坡肉) in Zhe cuisine and Fo Tiao Qiang (佛跳墙) in Min cuisine, they are all very famous. (是的，就像浙菜中的东坡肉和闽菜中的佛跳墙，它们都很有名。)”可知，此处在介绍八大菜系中的名菜，选项E“是的，八大菜系都有很多经典菜肴。”符合语境。故选E。 【30题详解】 根据“Haha, then let’s find a place to taste these delicious foods. (哈哈，那我们找个地方尝尝这些好吃的吧。)”可知，此处介绍品尝美食的原因，选项D“说到这个，我有点饿了。”符合语境。故选D。 第四节 在本节中，你将读到一篇短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The Development of Electric Cars Electric cars may seem like a recent invention, but they have been around for years. In the early 1900s, there were ____31____ electric cars on the road than gasoline （汽油） cars, because at that time, gasoline was expensive compared with other fuels （燃料）. Electric cars were more popular. When gasoline ____32____ dropped and new technologies on gasoline cars were developed, electric cars were out of date. Gasoline cars became more popular ____33____, because they could go farther without stopping. During the 20th century, gasoline cars got bigger, heavier and faster. They needed more fuel, and it ____34____ more air pollution. For years, the car makers didn’t worry about pollution. They didn’t worry about how much gasoline cars used, either. But when people began to ____35____ that there was not enough oil on the earth, they asked carmakers to produce more efficient （高效能的） and less polluting cars. One ____36____ of solving the problem was a “hybrid” car （混合动力车）, one that ran partly on gasoline and partly on electricity. Hybrid cars became popular in the 2000s because gasoline prices went up while prices of hybrid cars went ____37____. An all-electric car uses no gasoline. The problem, however, is that car batteries（电池）need to be recharged（再充电）. That makes electric cars not so ____38____ for long journeys. Many people are not pleased with it. The government and carmakers are working together to ____39____ safe, cheap and useful electric cars. When more and more people have these electric cars in the future, a gasoline station may ____40____. 31. A. fewer B. more C. faster D. bigger 32. A. prices B. places C. stations D. keepers 33. A. instead B. still C. yet D. forever 34. A. pushed B. controlled C. caused D. wasted 35 A. imagine B. start C. keep D. realize 36. A. way B. person C. article D. style 37. A. out B. up C. away D. down 38. A. different B. delicious C. suitable D. calm 39. A. describe B. develop C. forget D. protect 40. A. discover B. design C. build D. disappear 【答案】31. B 32. A 33. A 34. C 35. D 36. A 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了燃油汽车造成了巨大的污染，人们开始想办法创造一种“混合”的车，或是一种新的电动汽车。 【31题详解】 句意：20世纪初，路上行驶的电动汽车比汽油车多。 fewer更少的；more更多的；faster更快的；bigger更大的。根据“Electric cars were more popular”可知，电动车更受欢迎，所以路上电动车的数量比汽油车多，故选B。 【32题详解】 句意：当汽油价格下降和汽油汽车的新技术开发出来时，电动汽车已经过时了。 prices价格；places地方；stations车站；keepers饲养员。根据“When gasoline… dropped”可知，此处指油价下降，故选A。 【33题详解】 句意：汽油车反而变得更受欢迎，因为它们可以不停车跑得更远。 instead反而；still仍然；yet还；forever永远。根据前文“electric cars were more popular”及“Gasoline cars became more popular ”可知，现在汽油车反而受欢迎，故选A。 【34题详解】 句意：它们需要更多的燃料，这导致了更多的空气污染。 pushed推动；controlled控制；caused引起；wasted浪费。根据“more air pollution.”可知，引起空气污染，故选C。 35题详解】 句意：但是，当人们开始意识到地球上没有足够的石油时，他们要求汽车制造商生产更高效、更少污染的汽车。 imagine想象；start开始；keep保持；realize意识到。根据“that there was not enough oil on the earth, they asked carmakers to produce more efficient （高效能的） and less polluting cars.”可知，意识到地球上没有足够的石油时，开始采取措施，故选D。 【36题详解】 句意：解决这个问题的一个方法是“混合动力”汽车。 way方法；person人；article文章；style方式。根据“One … of solving the problem”可知，此处指解决这个问题的其中一个方法，故选A。 【37题详解】 句意：进入21世纪后，混合动力汽车开始流行，是因为汽油价格上涨，而混合动力汽车价格下降。 out出去；up向上；away离开；down向下。根据“because gasoline prices went up while prices of hybrid cars went”可知，此处与went up是相反的一个情况，所以此处指混合动力汽车价格下降，go down“下降”，故选D。 【38题详解】 句意：这使得电动汽车不太适合长途旅行。 different不同的；delicious美味的；suitable合适的；calm冷静的。根据“car batteries （电池） need to be recharged”可知，电动车的电池需要充电，所以不适合长途旅行，故选C。 【39题详解】 句意：政府和汽车制造商正在合作开发安全、廉价和实用的电动汽车。 describe描述；develop发展；forget忘记；protect保护。根据“The government and carmakers are working together to… safe, cheap and useful electric cars”可知，努力研制出安全、廉价和实用的电动汽车，故选B。 【40题详解】 句意：当未来越来越多的人拥有这些电动汽车时，加油站可能会消失。 discover发现；design设计；build建立；disappear消失。根据“When more and more people have these electric cars in the future”可知，当越来越多的人拥有电动汽车，就不要加油站了，所以它可能会消失，故选D。 第二部分：阅读理解（共22小题；第41—58题每题2分，第59—62题每题1分，满40分） 第五节 在本节中，你将读到三则阅读材料，从题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 A Mrs. Smith has a bottle of medicine named 666 POWDER FOR COLD at home. Here is the instruction of it. Description: For the relief (消除) of common cold, cough, headache, fever and sore throat. Directions: Take three times after meals. You must obey the following dose (剂量) each time. Under 6 years: ask for a doctor 6 —11 years: 1/2 spoon=5g 12 years or above: 1 spoon=10g Weight: 60g each bottle Production Date: Dec. 2011 Keeping Time: 3 years Warning: 1. Put in a cool, dry and clean place. Keep away from sunlight and the reach of children. 2. Don’t overdose. In case of overdose, get medical help as soon as possible. 3. Don’t take if you have heart disease, high blood pressure or you are going to give a birth. 4. Stop taking and go to ask a doctor if you feel sleepy, tired and nervous in an hour after taking. 5. Don’t keep on using over one week. 41. What kind of patients mustn’t take 666 POWDER FOR COLD? A. The patients who have got a fever. B. The patients who have got a cough. C. The patients who have got a sore throat. D. The patients who have got a heart disease. 42. What is the best time to take the medicine? A. At 6 a. m. after one wakes up B. At 5:30 p. m. before dinner C. At 10 p. m. before bedtime D. At 12 o’clock after lunch 43. How many days can a bottle of 666 POWDER FOR COLD last for an adult patient at least? A. One day B. Two days. C. Three days D. Six days. 44. Which of the following is the best place for keeping the medicine? A. A place near the sink in the kitchen. B. A clean place near the window C. A clean drawer with a lock in the bedroom D. A dry place near in the fireplace 45. Mrs. Smith’s baby, John, six months old, has got a cold. What do you think she should do? A. She should feed him 1/2 spoon of 666 POWDER FOR COLD three times a day B. She should feed him 1 spoon of 666 POWDER FOR COLD three times a day. C. She should take him to see a doctor and get to know what’s wrong with her son. D. She should feed him 1/2 spoon of 666 POWDER FOR COLD only once 46. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Patients can take the 666 POWDER FOR COLD in February, 2015. B. If patients take more than one spoon at a time, they need to see a doctor. C. If patients don’t feel well after taking, they need to see a doctor. D. Patients can’t use 666 POWDER FOR COLD for more than seven days. 【答案】41. D 42. D 43. B 44. C 45. C 46. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章详细介绍了666感冒粉的功能、服用指导、适用人群、保质期以及注意事项，帮助使用者正确安全地使用该药品。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Warning: 3. Don’t take if you have heart disease, high blood pressure or you are going to give a birth. (如果你有心脏病，高血压或者你要生孩子，不要服用。)”可知，心脏病患者不能吃666 POWDER FOR COLD感冒药。故选D。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Directions: Take three times after meals. (吃三次饭后服用。)”可知，这种药应该在饭后吃，D选项“At 12 o’clock after lunch (午饭后12点)”符合饭后这一时间要求。故选D。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Directions: Take three times after meals. You must obey the following dose (剂量) each time. (饭后服用三次。您每次必须遵守下列剂量。)”、“12 years or above: 1 spoon=10g (12岁或以上：1勺=10g)”以及“Weight: 60g each bottle (每瓶60克)”可知，每日需要量为 10g×3=30g，因此一瓶至少可以维持2天。故选B。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Warning: 1. Put in a cool, dry and clean place. Keep away from sunlight and the reach of children. (放在阴凉、干燥和清洁的地方。避免阳光照射及儿童接触。)”可知，这种药应该放在阴凉干燥干净的地方，远离阳光和儿童够不到的地方，所以一个带锁的干净抽屉里是最好的存放地点。故选C。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Directions: Under 6 years: ask for a doctor (6岁以下：去看医生)”可知，六岁以下儿童感冒应该去看医生。故选C。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Production Date: Dec. 2011 (生产日期：2011年12月)”和“Keeping Time: 3 years (保质期：3年)”可知，这种药的生产日期是2011年12月，保质期为3年，所以这种药在2015年2月已经过期，不能服用。故选A。 B Research has shown the importance of physical activities for students in a school environment. So many schools are now encouraging students to take part in some healthy forms of exercise. Physical education is an important part of healthy living for people of all age groups, especially those going to school. This is because school life is full of stress. Except that, in today’s world, many school children eat unhealthy foods. These may include soft drinks, pizzas, and burgers. Eating these foods often can increase school children’s body weight. Physical education at school helps in preventing school children from putting on weight. Physical exercise and activities will help them burn off more calories. If these calories are not burned off, they will be stored as fat. By doing physical exercises students use their calories to get energy. At the same time, such activities play an important role in the healthy growth and development of bones. Exercises such as jumping are especially important for school children as such activities produce a force onto the bone that helps improve its power and growth. A physically active student will also have a healthy heart. Research shows that kids who perform aerobic (有氧的) exercises, two to three times a week for at least twenty minutes, have a healthier heart compared with those who don’t take part in physical education. Some of the healthy aerobic exercises are: playing basketball and soccer. 47. What are schools encouraging their students to do in Paragraph 1? A. Keep body and mind healthy. B. Do research on healthy exercise. C. Perform physical activities actively. D. Pay more attention to school education. 48. What does the word “those” refer to ______ A. Parents. B. Students. C. Teachers. D. Customers. 49. Which paragraphs give the reasons why physical education is more important for students? A. ①② B. ②③ C. ③④ D. ④⑤ 50. Which of the following opinions most probably is the writer’s? A. It’s not easy for students to receive physical education. B. Physical activities are good for students in many ways. C. Students should have more time to receive knowledge and education. D. Those who don’t join in physical activities can’t keep fit. 51. What is the best title for the text? A. A study on physical education. B. Exercising more to keep healthy. C. Taking healthy aerobic exercise. D. Different kinds of physical activities. 【答案】47. C 48. B 49. B 50. B 51. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了体育活动对学生在学校环境中的重要性，鼓励学生积极参与体育锻炼以保持健康。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“So many schools are now encouraging students to take part in some healthy forms of exercise. (所以现在许多学校都鼓励学生参加一些健康的锻炼形式。)”可知，在第一段学校鼓励学生们积极进行体育活动。故选C。 【48题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段划线单词的“Physical education is an important part of healthy living for people of all age groups, especially those going to school. (体育是各年龄段人群健康生活的重要组成部分，尤其是那些正在上学的人。)”可知，体育锻炼对各年龄段，尤其是对于那些上学的人有好处，推断出those指代的是学生。故选B。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Physical education is an important part of healthy living for people of all age groups, especially those going to school.  (体育是各年龄段人群健康生活的重要组成部分，尤其是那些正在上学的人。)”及第三段“Except that, in today’s world, many school children eat unhealthy foods. (除此之外，在当今世界，许多学生都吃不健康的食物。)”可知，这两段提到的对象都是在校学生，因此第二段和第三段给出了详细的关于体育对于学生来说更加重要的原因。故选B。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Physical education at school helps in preventing school children from putting on weight. (学校的体育教育有助于防止学生体重增加。)”、第五段“At the same time, such activities play an important role in the healthy growth and development of bones. (同时，这些活动对骨骼的健康生长和发育起着重要的作用。)”及第六段“A physically active student will also have a healthy heart. (积极锻炼身体的学生也会有健康的心脏。)”可知，作者介绍了体育活动在防止体重增加及对促进骨骼发育和保护心脏这三个方面的益处，推断出作者的观点是体育活动在许多方面对学生有益。故选B。 【51题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Research has shown the importance of physical activities for students in a school environment. So many schools are now encouraging students to take part in some healthy forms of exercise. (研究表明，体育活动对学生在学校环境中的重要性。所以现在许多学校都鼓励学生参加一些健康的锻炼形式。)”可知，本文主要讲述了体育活动在学校生活的重要性并鼓励学生多参加体育运动以保持健康，选项B“多运动以保持健康”符合题意。故选B。 C When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to repair the environment around human being. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste in the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he built a series of clear tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds (池塘) and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. 52. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone. C. He had a curious mind. D. He longed to be a doctor. 53. What does the underlined word “ecosystem” mean? A. 自然系统 B. 循环系统 C. 经济系统 D. 生态系统 54. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A. To build an ecosystem. B. To feed the animals. C. To test the eco-machine. D. To protect the plants. 55. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea. C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To remove doubts about John’s invention. 56. What is the basis for John’s work? A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive. C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups. 【答案】52. C 53. D 54. C 55. B 56. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了约翰·托德受自然启发，致力于利用自然原理构建生态机器来解决环境问题的故事。 【52题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. (当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。)”及第二段“John went back to observing nature and asking questions. (约翰重新开始观察自然，提出问题。)”可知，约翰从小就喜欢探索和观察自然，并提出问题，可推知他有好奇心。故选C。 【53题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. (渐渐地，这些不同种类的生命相互适应，形成了自己的……。)”可知，这里指的是生物之间相互作用形成的生态关系，被称为“生态系统”，可推知“ecosystem”意为“生态系统”。故选D。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste in the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. (他认为，通过正确的动植物组合，也许他可以像大自然那样清理废物。他决定建造一个他后来称之为生态机器的东西。)”、第三段“The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge. ... After a few weeks, John added the sludge. (约翰给自己定的任务是从一些污泥中去除有害物质。……几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去。)”以及第四段“The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. (生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水。)”可知，约翰构建了生态机器，把污泥放进去是为了测试这个生态机器能否像他设想的那样处理污泥，将污泥当作食物消化掉，可推知是为了测试生态机器。故选C。 【55题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. (他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水。)”可知，提到福州是为了举例说明约翰的想法在中国的一个城市得到了应用。故选B。 【56题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中约翰小时候的观察结果“A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. (例如，一条肮脏的溪流流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往变得清澈。)”及第二段约翰通过学习所得出的推论“With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste in the way nature did. (他认为，通过正确的动植物组合，也许他可以像大自然那样清理废物。)”可推知，约翰的一系列工作都是建立在自然界具有自我修复能力的基础之上的。故选A。 第六节 在本节中，你将读到两个来自阅读理解中的划线句，请根据上下文把它们翻译成中文。 57. Physical education is an important part of healthy living for people of all age groups, especially those going to school. (句子英译汉) __________________________________________________ 【答案】体育对所有年龄的人群来说，都是健康生活的重要部分，尤其是上学的人。 【解析】 【详解】考查简单的陈述句。Physical education：体育，作主语；is：是，系动词；an important part of healthy living：健康生活的重要部分，作表语；for people of all age groups：对于所有年龄段的人，作状语；especially those going to school：尤其是上学的人，是同位语，进一步说明前面的“people of all age groups”。故本句译为：体育对所有年龄的人群来说，都是健康生活的重要部分，尤其是上学的人。 58. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to repair the environment around human being. (句子英译汉) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】当约翰长大时，他就想知道这个过程是否能够被用于修复人类身边的环境。 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句，一般过去时，宾语从句和被动语态。When he got older：当他长大时，when引导时间状语从句，John：约翰，人名作主语；started：开始，作谓语，一般过去时；to wonder：想知道，动词不定式作宾语；if this process could be used：这个过程是否能够被用于，if引导的宾语从句，从句为带有情态动词的被动语态could be done；to repair the environment around human being：修复人类身边的环境，不定式短语作目的状语。故本句译为：当约翰长大时，他就想知道这个过程是否能够被用于修复人类身边的环境。 第七节 在本节中，你将读到一篇短文。 根据所读内容在短文后表格中的空格处填入一个恰当的词。每空一词。 Nowadays in school life, a lot of students develop a fear of tests. It’s not because tests are something to be afraid of. Most students are afraid of tests mainly because they don’t have enough self-confidence and they don’t always think they are well prepared. If you follow the tips below, it’s not difficult to overcome your fear of tests. People who know that they are not well-prepared are usually those who fear test most. However, most students don’t know when they are truly prepared for a test. As long as you know that you have studied well and long enough, you have reason to believe that you are well-prepared. Be confident about yourself. Confidence before a test can bring about two things: either you fail the test and feel as if your confidence was unfounded (毫无根据) or you could actually do well in the test because of your confidence. Some students find that they experience the first result. However this is only because those students might not have followed the first tip mentioned above. As long as you have studied well, you will be more confident of your chance to succeed in a test. If you feel as if you have not studied hard enough, then you will not be as confident as you should be. Ask your teacher in advance about the material that is going to be covered in the test. In this way, you will know what you should prepare for and you can get confidence in the test. But you have to be brave enough to ask. Most students do not ask unless their teacher gives the information first, so make sure that you ask. You should know that tests are only telling if you have got the knowledge, not how good or bad your IQ is. So, even if you do badly in one test, you should know that there are other tests to come. As long as you think that there is another tomorrow, you can overcome your fear of a test. However, make sure that you are going to prepare well for the other tests. Fear can be a problem in the process of achieving success. However, with the right attitude and preparations, you can overcome your fear of tests by using these tips. Title: ____59____ to overcome your fear of tests Advice Prepare well You should make good preparations If you have studied well and long enough, you would be sure that you are well-prepared. Be ____60____ Confidence before a test can have two things ●You could fail the test and feel as if your confidence was unfounded. ●Your confidence could lead to your ____61____ in the test. Confidence comes from ____62____ hard enough. Ask your teacher You can ask your teacher what material the test will cover. Hold a positive attitude Keep in mind that tests just test your knowledge and don’t lose heart because of one test failure. Conclusion Right attitude and preparations are the key factors (因素) in overcoming your fear of tests. 【答案】59. How##Ways 60. confident 61. success 62. studying 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了克服考试恐惧的几点建议。 【59题详解】 根据第一段“If you follow the tips below … (如果你遵循下面的建议……)”；第三段“Be confident about yourself. (对自己要自信)”；第四段“Ask your teacher in advance about the material that is going to be covered in the test. (提前询问你的老师关于考试将要涉及的材料。)”以及第五段“You should know that tests are only telling if you have got the knowledge, not how good or bad your IQ is. (你应该知道，测试只是告诉你是否获得了知识，而不是你的智商有多好或多差。)”可知，本文讲的是一系列如何克服考试恐惧的方法，空处可用how或ways，位于句首首字母大写。故填How；Ways。 【60题详解】 根据第三段“Be confident about yourself (要对自己有信心)”及后文可知，此段主要介绍了要对自己有信心这一建议，此处应该用形容词“confident”作表语。故填confident。 【61题详解】 根据第三段“Your confidence could lead to your success in the test (你的信心会使你在考试中成功)”可知，信心可以带来考试的成功（success），形容词物主代词your后应该用名词success。故填success。 【62题详解】 根据第三段“As long as you have studied well, you will be more confident (只要你好好学习，你就会更加自信)”可知，信心来自于努力学习。from是介词，后面的动词用动名词studying。故填studying。 第三部分：书面表达（满分20分） 63. 生活就像一面镜子，你对它笑，它也会对你笑。请以“Learn to Smile”为题，根据下表所列的要点写一篇短文。 学会对自己微笑 ·面对困难与烦恼时，要学会微笑 ·要自信，有时击败你的人就是你自己 ·有益于身心健康 学会对他人微笑 ·便于与他人之间的交流 ·给别人带来快乐的时候，自己也会感到快乐 总结 微笑是一种语言，人人都能懂，可以传递友谊，拉近距离 要求： (1)词数不少于80； (2)必须包括以上要点，可以适当扩充，但不能逐词翻译； (3)文中不要提及校名和姓名。 Learn to Smile ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Learn to Smile Do you like smiling? I think you should learn to smile. First, learn to smile at yourself when something unpleasant happens in your life. For example, if you meet with some difficulties or you are misunderstood by your friends, don’t be sad. Just smile at yourself. Smiling at yourself brings back your confidence. Sometimes the one who beats you is not others, but yourself. And smile can also release your stress to keep you mentally and physically healthy. Second, learn to smile at others. Smile will make you communicate better with people. Smiling at others makes yourself happy as well. In a word, smile is a kind of language belonging to everyone. It passes love and friendship and helps shorten the distance between you and other people. Live with a smile and every day will be shiny. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于议论文。要求考生以“Learn to Smile”为题，写一篇短文，并列举对自己微笑和对他人微笑的好处。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 喜欢：like →be fond of 比如：for example→for instance 也：also→too 开心的：happy →glad 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In a word, smile is a kind of language belonging to everyone. 拓展句：In a word, smile is a kind of language which belongs to everyone. 【点睛】【高分句型1】For example, if you meet with some difficulties or you are misunderstood by your friends, don’t be sad. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句) 【高分句型2】Sometimes the one who beats you is not others, but yourself. (运用了who引导的定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $