Module 12 Save our world.派生法背记单词 2025-2026学年外研版（2012）九年级英语上册

该初中英语讲义围绕外研版九上Module 12“Save our world”主题，通过表格系统构建派生法知识体系，梳理原词与派生词的词性转换及词义关联，结合生活化例句呈现知识脉络，突出高频派生词和多词性转换等重难点。 讲义亮点在于将环保主题与构词法结合，如“recycle”派生出名词“recycling”和形容词“recyclable”，通过“回收旧报纸节约树木”等例句帮助学生掌握词性运用，培养语言能力和环保责任的文化意识。例句分层设计适合不同学生，表格框架助力自主复习，教师可据此实施精准教学提升效率。

外研版九上 Module 12 Save our world.派生法背记单词 序号 原词 例句 派生词 例句 1 pollute /p lu t/ v. 污染 1. Factories must not pollute the nearby river.(工厂不得污染附近的河流。)2. Car exhaust pollutes the air we breathe.(汽车尾气污染我们呼吸的空气。)3. Don’t throw rubbish into the lake—it will pollute the water.(别把垃圾扔进湖里,会污染水质的。) 1. pollution /p lu n/ n. 污染2. polluted /p lu t d/ adj. 被污染的 1. Air pollution is worse in winter because of heating.(冬天因为供暖,空气污染更严重。)2. The polluted river has no fish or plants now.(这条被污染的河现在没有鱼和植物了。)3. We need to take action to reduce noise pollution.(我们需要采取行动减少噪音污染。) 2 recycle / ri sa kl/ v. 回收利用,再使用(废品) 1. We should recycle old newspapers to save trees.(我们应该回收旧报纸,以节约树木。)2. The community has a bin to recycle plastic bottles.(社区有一个回收塑料瓶的垃圾桶。)3. Can we recycle this metal can into a pencil holder?(我们能把这个金属罐回收改造成笔筒吗?) 1. recycling / ri sa kl / n. 回收利用2. recyclable /ri sa kl bl/ adj. 可回收的 1. Waste recycling is an important way to protect the environment.(废物回收是保护环境的重要方式。)2. This symbol means the product is recyclable.(这个标志表示该产品是可回收的。)3. Our school teaches students about the importance of recycling.(我们学校教学生回收利用的重要性。) 3 waste /we st/ n. 废料;废弃物 1. There is a bin for food waste in our kitchen.(我们厨房有一个食物废料垃圾桶。)2. The factory dumps its industrial waste into the sea.(这家工厂把工业废料倒进海里。)3. We need to sort waste into recyclable and non-recyclable.(我们需要把废料分成可回收和不可回收两类。) 1. waste /we st/ v. 浪费2. wasteful / we stfl/ adj. 浪费的 1. Don’t waste water—turn off the tap when you wash your hands.(别浪费水,洗手时关掉水龙头。)2. It’s wasteful to throw away food that is still good.(扔掉还能吃的食物很浪费。)3. He often wastes time playing video games instead of studying.(他经常浪费时间玩电子游戏,而不是学习。) 4 kill /k l/ v. 杀死;弄死 1. Farmers use pesticides to kill pests on crops.(农民用杀虫剂杀死庄稼上的害虫。)2. The cold weather killed many plants in the garden.(寒冷的天气冻死了花园里的许多植物。)3. Hunting can kill rare animals, so it’s not allowed.(捕猎会杀死珍稀动物,所以是不被允许的。) killer / k l (r)/ n. 杀手;导致死亡的事物 1. Heart disease is one of the biggest killers in the world.(心脏病是世界上最大的致死原因之一。)2. The police caught the killer after a three-day search.(警方经过三天的搜查抓住了凶手。)3. This kind of poison is a deadly killer for small animals.(这种毒药对小动物来说是致命的杀手。) 5 oil / l/ n. 石油 1. Cars and planes use oil as fuel.(汽车和飞机用石油作燃料。)2. The country exports a lot of oil to other countries.(这个国家向其他国家出口大量石油。)3. We need to save oil because it’s a non-renewable resource.(我们需要节约石油,因为它是不可再生资源。) oil / l/ v. 给……上油;涂油 1. My dad oils the bike chain every month to keep it working.(爸爸每个月给自行车链条上油,让它正常运转。)2. You should oil the door hinge to stop it from making noise.(你应该给门铰链涂油,避免它发出响声。)3. The cook oils the pan before frying eggs.(厨师煎蛋前给平底锅涂油。) 6 less /les/ adj. 较小的;较少的 n. 较少数;较少量 1. I drink less coffee now because it makes me stay up late.(我现在少喝咖啡了,因为它让我熬夜。)2. There are less students in this class than in mine.(这个班的学生比我们班少。)3. We need to spend less money on toys and more on books.(我们需要少花点钱买玩具,多花点钱买书。) 1. little / l tl/ adj./pron. 少的;少量(原级)2. least /li st/ adj./pron. 最少的(最高级) 1. There is little milk left—we need to buy some tomorrow.(剩下的牛奶不多了,我们明天需要买一些。)2. He spends the least time on homework among all his classmates.(他在所有同学中花在作业上的时间最少。)3. I have little interest in sports, but I like reading.(我对体育没什么兴趣,但我喜欢读书。) 7 hopeless / h pl s/ adj. 无望的 1. It’s hopeless to fix this old TV—we need to buy a new one.(修这台旧电视是无望的,我们需要买一台新的。)2. She felt hopeless when she couldn’t find her lost cat.(找不到丢失的猫时,她感到很无望。)3. The situation seems hopeless, but we should never give up.(情况看似无望,但我们绝不应该放弃。) 1. hope /h p/ v./n. 希望2. hopeful / h pfl/ adj. 有希望的 1. We hope to visit the Great Wall during the summer holiday.(我们希望暑假去参观长城。)2. The new plan is hopeful—we think it will work.(这个新计划很有希望,我们认为它会奏效。)3. There is still hope that we can finish the work on time.(我们仍有希望按时完成工作。) 8 divide /d va d/ v. 分开 1. The teacher asked us to divide into four groups for the game.(老师让我们分成四组玩游戏。)2. A wall divides the garden into two parts.(一堵墙把花园分成了两部分。)3. Can you divide 20 by 4? The answer is 5.(你能把20除以4吗?答案是5。) 1. division /d v n/ n. 分开;除法2. divided /d va d d/ adj. 分开的 1. The division of labor makes our group work more efficient.(分工让我们的小组工作更高效。)2. The class is divided into two teams for the football match.(班级被分成两队进行足球赛。)3. We learned division in math class today.(我们今天在数学课上学了除法。) 9 reuse / ri ju z/ v. 再次使用;重复利用 1. We can reuse old glass bottles to hold flowers.(我们可以重复利用旧玻璃瓶来插花。)2. She reuses her old schoolbag instead of buying a new one.(她重复使用旧书包,而不是买新的。)3. Reusing shopping bags helps reduce plastic waste.(重复使用购物袋有助于减少塑料垃圾。) 1. reuse / ri ju s/ n. 重复利用2. reusable /ri ju z bl/ adj. 可重复使用的 1. The reuse of water is important in dry areas.(在干旱地区,水的重复利用很重要。)2. This cup is reusable—you can wash it and use it again.(这个杯子是可重复使用的,你可以洗干净再用。)3. Our school provides reusable chopsticks to students.(我们学校给学生提供可重复使用的筷子。) 10 bottle / b tl/ n. 瓶 1. There is a bottle of milk in the fridge.(冰箱里有一瓶牛奶。)2. She bought a bottle of juice from the supermarket.(她从超市买了一瓶果汁。)3. The little boy dropped the bottle and it broke.(小男孩把瓶子掉在地上,摔碎了。) bottle / b tl/ v. 装瓶 1. The factory bottles the juice and sends it to stores.(工厂把果汁装瓶,然后送到商店。)2. We bottled the homemade jam to give to friends.(我们把自制的果酱装瓶,送给朋友。)3. This company bottles water from a natural spring.(这家公司把天然泉水装瓶出售。) 11 repeat /r pi t/ v. 重说;重新做 1. Can you repeat the question? I didn’t hear it clearly.(你能重复一下问题吗?我没听清楚。)2. The teacher asked us to repeat the new words after her.(老师让我们跟着她重复新单词。)3. The scientist repeated the experiment to check the result.(科学家重复做实验以验证结果。) 1. repetition / rep t n/ n. 重复2. repeated /r pi t d/ adj. 重复的 1. The repetition of the sentence helps us remember it.(重复这句话有助于我们记住它。)2. He made repeated mistakes in his English homework.(他英语作业里犯了重复的错误。)3. The teacher’s repeated warnings stopped the students from talking.(老师反复的警告让学生们停止了说话。) 12 cloth /kl / n. 布;布料 1. My mom bought a piece of red cloth to make a dress.(妈妈买了一块红布料做连衣裙。)2. We use a clean cloth to wipe the table after dinner.(晚饭后我们用干净的布擦桌子。)3. This cloth is made of silk, so it’s very soft.(这块布是丝绸做的,所以很柔软。) 1. clothes /kl z/ n. 衣服(复数)2. clothing / kl / n. 服装(集合名词) 1. She has many beautiful clothes for summer.(她有很多夏天穿的漂亮衣服。)2. We need to buy warm clothing for winter.(我们需要买冬天穿的保暖服装。)3. He changed his clothes after playing basketball.(打完篮球后,他换了衣服。) 13 recycling / ri sa kl / n. 回收利用 1. Recycling helps save energy and natural resources.(回收利用有助于节约能源和自然资源。)2. Our neighborhood has a new recycling program.(我们小区有一个新的回收利用项目。)3. The school teaches students how to do recycling correctly.(学校教学生如何正确进行回收利用。) 1. recycle / ri sa kl/ v. 回收利用2. recyclable /ri sa kl bl/ adj. 可回收的 1. We recycle paper, plastic and glass at home.(我们在家回收纸、塑料和玻璃。)2. Please put recyclable waste in the blue bin.(请把可回收废料放进蓝色垃圾桶。)3. This plastic bag is not recyclable, so throw it in the black bin.(这个塑料袋不可回收,所以扔进黑色垃圾桶。) 14 rapid / r p d/ adj. 快速的;迅速的 1. The city has made rapid progress in recent years.(这座城市近年来取得了快速的发展。)2. There is a rapid increase in the number of online shoppers.(网购者的数量在快速增长。)3. The river flows at a rapid speed after the rain.(雨后这条河水流湍急。) rapidly / r p dli/ adv. 快速地 1. The population of this town is growing rapidly.(这个小镇的人口在快速增长。)2. The company is expanding rapidly into new markets.(这家公司正快速开拓新市场。)3. The temperature dropped rapidly last night.(昨晚气温快速下降。) 15 step /step/ n. 步骤;措施 1. Follow these steps to make a paper plane.(按照这些步骤做纸飞机。)2. The government took steps to reduce air pollution.(政府采取措施减少空气污染。)3. The first step is to finish your homework.(第一步是完成你的作业。) step /step/ v. 走;迈步 1. She stepped into the classroom and sat down.(她走进教室坐下。)2. He stepped forward to help the old man carry the bag.(他走上前帮老人提袋子。)3. Don’t step on the grass—it’s not allowed.(别踩草地,这是不允许的。) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $