Module 3 Heroes 模块话题阅读理解练习-2025-2026学年九年级英语上册模块重难点易错题精练（外研版）

Module 3 Heroes 模块话题阅读理解 Module 2 Public holidays模块话题：著名人物 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 Yuan Longping, one of the world’s greatest scientists, died at the age of 91 in Hunan in 2021. He was called “the Father of Hybrid Rice (杂交水稻)” and helped feed people around the world. Yuan Longping was the first person to develop a kind of hybrid rice which helped fight hunger in China. Food was a big problem in China in the past. This was because China had 22 percent of the world’s population, but only 7 percent of its farmland. In the 1960s, Chinese people had a difficult time because millions of people suffered from hunger. As an agronomy (农学) teacher, Yuan was very sad to see this. “How can I help them have enough food?” he thought. He decided to work on a kind of hybrid rice. It has a high output. At that time, other scientists didn’t think hybrid rice was worth studying. But Yuan and his team worked on it every day. They took very good care of their rice seeds (种子). At last, in 1973, they grew a new kind of hybrid rice. This rice is strong. Farmers can grow it in many different kinds of farmland and in bad weather. It can also fight disease. Its output is much greater than common kinds of rice. With the new kind, about 70,000,000 people could have food every year! Yuan solved the food problem in China. But he was still working on rice when he was very old. Before he retired, he hoped to grow rice in the sea! Yuan once said he had two dreams—to “enjoy the cool under the rice crops (庄稼) taller than men” and to grow hybrid rice all over the world to help solve the global (全球的) food problem. 1．Which of the following is NOT a reason for Yuan to work on hybrid rice at first? A．Chinese people had a difficult time in the 1960s. B．Yuan wanted to enjoy the cool under the rice crops. C．China had a large population but not enough farmland. D．Millions of Chinese people suffered from hunger at that time. 2．What does the underlined word “output” probably mean in Chinese? A．营养 B．产量 C．效率 D．品质 3．What are the advantages of the hybrid rice? ① It can grow in many different kinds of farmland. ② It can grow in bad weather. ③ It can grow in the sea. ④ It can fight disease. A．①②③ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．②③④ The famous scientist and thinker, Charles Darwin, was born on February 12, 1809. His family lived not far from the River Severn, England. Darwin’s father was a well-known doctor and the son of a still greater doctor and scientist. Darwin’s father hoped that his son would also become a doctor. As a boy, Darwin liked to go for walks in the fields and forests. He watched nature, and compared what he saw with everything he had read in science books. He also liked collecting very much. He collected many things, birds, eggs, stones and leaves. His father did not like that, and Darwin was not studying very well at school. At the age of sixteen, Darwin was sent to Edinburgh University to study in order that he could become a doctor. But he was interested in the history of nature. Then he was sent to study in Cambridge University. There he studied until 1831. Some time later he heard that the ship Beagle was going on a trip to South America and needed a scientist. His professor advised him to go. He said the trip would be just for Darwin. So when the ship left England in December 1831, Darwin was on it. His research lasted almost five years. The Beagle studied the waters in the sea near South America. It also visited New Zealand, Australia and islands in the Pacific. Darwin saw many new plants and animals. He collected all kinds of plants. In 1842 Darwin went to live in Kent, where he continued his studies of changes in nature. Darwin understood that plants and animals are not always the same, and that they really change. By 1859 Darwin had finished his famous book “The Origin of Species” (《物种起源》). It made a great hit in the world of science. He was opposed by the church and even by some scientists. But later, more and more scientists agreed with him. 1．Charles Darwin had many hobbies except that________. A．he liked to go for walks in the forests B．he liked watching nature C．he preferred collecting coins and stamps D．he was fond of the history of nature 2．When did Darwin leave England for a trip to South America? A．In 1831. B．In 1832. C．In 1842. D．In 1859. 3．The underlined word “opposed” means “________”. A．接受 B．开除 C．反对 D．尊重 4．What can we learn from Charles Darwin? A．Don’t care what parents say to us. B．The trip can bring us wealth. C．We should ask teachers for help when meeting problems. D．Keep doing what we like and work hard, and we’ll succeed. Marie Curie, born Maria Sklodowska in Warsaw, Poland, in 1867, was a pioneering physicist and chemist who made groundbreaking contributions to the study of radioactivity. Despite facing significant obstacles as a woman in a male-dominated field, she became the first person to win Nobel Prizes in two different scientific disciplines—Physics in 1903 and Chemistry in 1911. Curie’s early life was marked by hardship. Her family, once part of the educated middle class, fell into financial ruin due to political turmoil in Poland. Determined to pursue higher education, she moved to Paris in 1891 to study at the Sorbonne, where she excelled academically. In 1895, she married Pierre Curie, a French physicist, and the couple began collaborating on research into radioactive materials. Their most famous discovery was the isolation of two new elements, polonium (named after Marie’s homeland) and radium, from pitchblende, a uranium-rich mineral. This work earned them the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics, shared with Henri Becquerel, who first discovered radioactivity. Tragically, Pierre died in a street accident in 1906, leaving Marie to continue their research alone. Despite personal grief, Curie persisted. In 1911, she won her second Nobel Prize. this time in Chemistry, for her work on radium and polonium. She became the first woman to teach at the Sorbonne and later established the Radium Institute in Paris to further study radioactive elements. During World War I, she developed mobile X-ray units, known as “petites Curies”, to help treat wounded soldiers. Curie’s dedication to science came at a personal cost. Prolonged exposure to radioactive materials eventually led to her death from aplastic anemia in 1934. However, her legacy endures. She inspired generations of scientists and laid the foundation for modern research into nuclear energy and cancer treatment. 1．What was Marie Curie’s birth name? A．Maria Sklodowska. B．Maria Pierre. C．Maria Becquerel. D．Maria Radium. 2．In which two scientific fields did Marie Curie win Nobel Prizes? A．Physics and Biology. B．Chemistry and Medicine. C．Physics and Chemistry. D．Biology and Medicine. 3．Why did Marie Curie name one of the elements she discovered “polonium”? A．To honor her husband. B．To honor her homeland. C．To honor her mentor. D．To honor her colleague. 4．What was the primary cause of Marie Curie’s death? A．A street accident. B．Aplastic anemia from radiation exposure. C．Cancer from overwork. D．Heart disease. 5．What was one of Marie Curie’s contributions during World War I? A．Developing mobile X-ray units. B．Inventing the first nuclear reactor. C．Creating a vaccine for soldiers. D．Leading medical research teams. Wang Xiaoyun, a scientist from China, has won the 2025 UNESCO (联合国教科文组织) Women in Science Award. She won for her important work making computers and the internet safer for everyone. Ms. Wang is a professor at Tsinghua University. Her research has changed how the world protects computer information. UNESCO said her work “creates the math needed for safe talking online worldwide.” Born in Shandong in 1966, Wang loved math when she was young. She studied for her PhD at Shandong University. There, she changed from studying pure math to learning about secret codes (密码). About 20 years ago, she made a big discovery. She found serious problems with two very common internet security codes (MD5 and SHA-1). Her discovery showed these codes weren’t safe enough. This made countries work together to create stronger security rules. Wang is most famous for leading the team that made China’s first national security code, called SM3. Today, SM3 is used everywhere in China to protect important things: money transfers (banks, payments), transport systems (trains, traffic), and power supplies (electricity). Experts say SM3 keeps daily life safe, like when people pay online or prove who they are. The award committee said, “Her work connects hard math to real safety problems. It shows careful science helps the whole world.” The award ceremony was on June 12th in Paris. Wang’s winning shows China is becoming a leader in making new secret codes. She also inspires young people in science. Wang said, “Science has no borders. I hope my story makes more people want to explore the amazing world of math and technology.” 1．What award did Wang Xiaoyun win? A．The Nobel Prize in Mathematics. B．The 2025 UNESCO Women in Science Award. C．China’s National Science Award. 2．What did Wang study during her PhD? A．Computer engineering. B．Physics and internet safety. C．Pure math and secret codes. 3．Where is SM3 used in China today? A．Online shopping and video games. B．School education and hospitals. C．Money transfers, transport systems, and power supplies. 4．Why is Wang’s work important according to the award committee? A．It connects difficult math to real safety problems. B．It makes her a university professor. C．It helps China lead in all science fields. Malaria (疟疾) has been a deadly problem for humans since ancient times. Usually people get malaria when infected mosquitoes (被感染的蚊子) bite them. Many people have died from it. Thankfully, Chinese scientist Tu Youyou found a drug called qinghaosu (青蒿素). In 1969, Tu became the director of a national project to develop a drug against malaria. Her team went back to books about classical Chinese medicine. After reading more than 2000 old remedies (药方), Tu and her team collected over 600 plants and listed almost 380 possible remedies for malaria. She used a low-temperature method to extract (提取) the qinghaosu and succeeded in 1972. After her team found that qinghaosu could treat malaria in mice and monkeys, Tu and two of her colleagues (同事) volunteered to test the drug on themselves before testing on patients. It turned out that the qinghaosu was safe. Thanks to their work, millions of lives in the world have been saved. In 2015, Tu won the Nobel Prize for it. She thought the prize should belong to (属于) her colleagues and traditional Chinese medicine. She once proudly said, “Every scientist dreams of doing something that can help the world.” 1．How do people get malaria according to the passage? A．By drinking polluted water. B．By eating bad food. C．By being bitten by infected mosquitoes. D．By staying with other patients 2．What’s the purpose (目的) of Tu’s project? A．To write a book about classical Chinese medicine. B．To find a way to treat malaria. C．To collect plants from all over the world. D．To study the history of Chinese history. 3．Why did Tu and her colleagues test qinghaosu on themselves first? A．Because they wanted to find out whether the drug was safe for humans. B．Because they wanted to save time for patient testing. C．Because they wanted to show they were brave. D．Because animal tests had failed. 4．What did Tu think of the Nobel Prize she won in 2015? A．She thought it was only for her hard work. B．She thought it was for the hard work of her team and traditional Chinese medicine. C．She felt it was not important at all. D．She was not satisfied with the prize. Think of somebody you really admire. You will probably find that their success didn’t come easily. As “Father of Hybrid Rice”, Yuan Longping got over great difficulties and spent his whole life reducing hunger and helping to feed the country with the largest population. Wu Mengchao, the “Father of Chinese Hepatobiliary Surgery (肝胆外科)”, focused on saving people’s lives for nearly eighty years. He performed more than 16,000 surgeries (手术) during his life. Holding the surgeon’s knife for such a long time deformed his fingers. Wu once said, “I would work at the operating table until my dying day.” In 1969, in order to solve the problem of treating malaria (疟疾), Tu Youyou, a pharmacologist (药学家), took on the job as head of a research team and performed different kinds of experiments (实验) with her teammates. However, the results failed. Instead of giving up, they kept trying. Finally, in 1972, they made it! In 2015, she finally received the Nobel Prize. Thomas Edison, the inventor of the light bulb, believed that every failure was a step towards success. He once said, “If I find 10,000 ways something won’t work, I am not sad, because every wrong try is another step forward.” Some people only became successful after their deaths. The artist Vincent van Gogh only sold one painting all through his life and that was to a friend. But he kept painting and he painted more than 2,000 artworks in the following ten years. Now his paintings are very popular and they sell for millions of pounds. One thing all these people have in common is keeping their goals (目标) no matter what. 1．What do Yuan Longping and Wu Mengchao have in common? A．They succeeded in solving world problems. B．They spent all their lives serving people. C．They achieved a lot in the medical field. D．They are remembered for their happiness. 2．The underlined phrase “deformed his fingers” means ________. A．changed the shape of his fingers B．made him feel unhappy C．gave him too much pressure D．got his fingers cut off 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Vincent van Gogh was successful all through his life. B．Vincent van Gogh painted 2,000 artworks in his life. C．It took Tu Youyou’s team about 3 years to reach their goal. D．Thomas Edison tried 10,000 ways before he invented the light bulb. 4．What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A．Not everyone can be successful. B．The more difficulties, the better. C．Great hopes make great men. D．Great achievements aren’t made naturally. “I spend my whole life doing one thing,” Gu Fangzhou once said. Known as "the father of sugar pills (糖丸)”, Gu passed away at age 92 on January 2nd, 2019. Eight months later he received a national honor title “The People’s Science” for his polio (骨髓灰质炎) research. Gu Fangzhou was born in June, 1926. He studied at Peking University as a medical student in 1944. After graduation, Gu made the decision to work to help improve public health. In 1955, polio broke out in Nantong. Jiangsu Province. It paralyzed (使瘫痪) 1680 people, mostly children aged below seven. cut spread to neighboring areas and resulted in 466 deaths. Gu was asked to lead pollo research in 1957. “At that time the only way to prevent polio was to invent a vaccine(疫苗),” said Gu. In 1959 Gu succeeded in developing the first polio live vaccine. Later, he developed the “sugar-coated (糖衣) pill” vaccine in 1962. It not only tasted better but was much easier to keep. In order to test the vaccine, Gu himself tried the vaccine and later his one-month-old son was vaccinated. This inspired his team to vaccinate their kids. They became the first group of people in China to try a polio vaccine. “If we don’t believe in what we produce, how can others believe in it?” said Gu. Later, the sugar pill was popular in China. It saved millions of people, especially kids. In 2000, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced (宣布) that China was already a polio-free country.“We feel satisfied. I can tell people that I tried my best, and your kids will no longer get polio,” said Gu. “That’s all we hoped for.” 1．How is the text developed by? A．Character. B．Direction. C．Feeling. D．Timeline. 2．Why did Gu Fangzhou and his team vaccinate their own kids with the polio vaccine? A．To show their courage and experience. B．To encourage other experts to do the same. C．To test the “sugar-coated pill” vaccine’s safety. D．To protect their families and relatives from polio. 3．What’s the correct order of the following events? a. China became a polio-free country. b. The “sugar-coated pill” vaccine was created. c. Gu received a national honor title. d. Polio resulted in 466 deaths in Nantong. A．c→d→a→b B．d→a→b→c C．b→d→a→c D．d→b→a→c 4．What can we infer from the text? A．Children can get polio more probably. B．There will no longer be polio in the world. C．Gu developed the first polio live vaccine all by himself. D．Gu dreamed of improving public health when he was a child. Last November, scientist Yan Ning announced that she would leave America and return to China. Yan Ning is well-known to the Chinese public. She studied at Tsinghua University from 1996 to 2000. After that, she studied and worked in America for several years. In 2007, she returned to China and became the youngest professor at Tsinghua University. Ten years later, she left Tsinghua University and became a professor at Princeton University in the US. She was later chosen as a foreign member of the US National Academy of Sciences and a foreign member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Her announcement spread like wildfire and got much attention. Yan Ning said she would resign (辞职) from Princeton University and help build Shenzhen Medical Academy of Research and Translation in Shenzhen. She called her return to China her third dream. Yan Ning hopes to offer what she has learned these years. She wants to help and support more young people and make truly original breakthroughs. She calls Shenzhen a dream city, and plans to build a world-known medical research center there. In recent years, ▲ , thanks to China’s efforts in encouraging innovation. In 2021, more than 1,400 Chinese scientists gave up their jobs in America and returned to China, a 22% increase from the year before. There are also many top scientists who have come back to China from Britain, Japan and other countries. We welcome the scientists back to China and wish them success. 1．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．more and more foreign scientists hope to work in China. B．more and more foreign scientists achieve their dreams. C．more and more Chinese scientists have chosen to return home. D．more and more Chinese scientists are made to work abroad. 2．What can we know from Paragraph 4? A．Yan Ning dreams big and puts it into action B．Yan Ning is famous around the world C．Yan Ning likes to work with young people D．Yan Ning has made many original breakthroughs 3．The numbers and facts in Paragraph 5 show that _________. A．China needs more innovation B．a lot of top scientists choose to work in the US C．science plays an important role in social development D．more and more Chinese scientists have come back home to work from other countries 4．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Welcome back! B．A dream city. C．Great scientists in the US. D．What a great original breakthrough! 重难语篇提升练 Huang Xuhua, chief designer of China’s first-generation nuclear submarines (核潜艇), died on Thursday evening in Wuhan, Hubei province. Huang was given the Medal of the Republic, China’s highest honor, in 2019. Born in March 1926 to a family of doctors in Guangdong province. After spending his boyhood in wartime, he joined Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study shipbuilding. There the young man learned about the communist revolution (共产主义革命) and joined the Communist Party of China in April 1949, right before his graduation. After receiving his bachelor’s diploma (学士学位证书), Huang started his lifelong career in China’s shipbuilding industry. In 1958, Huang was selected to join the research team tasked with designing China’s first nuclear-powered submarine. At the beginning, Huang and his colleagues found that China lacked the basic conditions to develop such a sophisticated hardware technology (复杂的硬件技术). None of them had any knowledge in that field, and since other countries were extremely protective of such technologies, they hardly had any technical reference (参考) materials. Huang and his colleagues started by scouring (搜寻) newspapers and magazines for information, which was very difficult to find and was either too fragmented (碎片化的) or hard to tell whether it was true or false. The team members didn’t have any computers or digital calculators, so they used abacuses (算盘) and rulers to solve problems. Their work didn’t stopped even from 1962 to 1965, when China was undergoing economic difficulties. After years of painstaking (艰苦的) efforts, China finally built its first nuclear-powered submarine —the first Type 091—in 1970, becoming the fifth nation to have such hardware. Huang’s name remained classified until 1987 when a magazine in Shanghai was allowed to publish a report on him, which only disclosed his family name of Huang. Even in his 90s, the designer used to visit his office every weekday morning to review and arranged materials of his know-how and experience, and would also give young researchers advice on technical issues (技术问题). As young people, we should learn from the older generation of heroes like Huang. 1．Put the following events about Huang in the right order. a. He joined Shanghai Jiao Tong University.                b. He joined the research team for nuclear submarine. c. He graduated from the university.                    d. He joined the Communist Party of China. e. He started work in shipbuilding industry. A．a-b-c-d-e B．a-b-d-e-c C．a-d-c-e-b D．a-c-d-e-b 2．The writer uses paragraphs from 3 to 5 to mainly show ________. A．How difficult the work conditions were B．how hard the older heroes worked C．How united the researchers were D．how the government supported their work 3．At the beginning, Huang and his colleagues found it hard to design China’s first nuclear-powered submarine because of the following except ______. A．None of them had any knowledge in that field B．Other countries were extremely protective of such technologies C．They couldn’t find any newspapers and magazines to scour the information D．China lacked the basic conditions to develop such a sophisticated hardware technology 4．Which statement is right according to the passage? A．Huang was born in a family of teachers. B．The computer wasn’t still invented in 1960s. C．In his 90s, Huang still went to help the young every morning. D．China became the fifth country having nuclear submarine in 1970. 5．What’s the writer’s main purpose to write the passage? A．To introduce the history of Chinese nuclear submarine. B．To introduce the achievement of Huang and his leagues. C．To introduce Huang’s life and call on young people learn from him. D．To introduce how the first Chinese nuclear submarine was built. Marie was born in Poland on November 7, 1867. Marie’s family had many troubles. Her mother was seriously ill. When Marie was 6, her father lost his job and their home. They moved to a small flat. It was noisy and crowded. But the noise did not stop her from studying. In 1883, Marie finished high school. She dreamed of becoming a scientist. But in Poland, girls were not allowed to go to college. And her family did not have enough money to send her to a university in another country. Reaching her dream seemed impossible. Marie and her sister Bronya decided to study in France. Marie would work to pay for Bronya’s schooling. Then, once Bronya left school, she would work and pay for Marie’s schooling. Finally, in 1891, Marie’s dream came true. She entered a university in Paris. In three years, she got advanced degrees in Physics and Maths. She also met a scientist named Pierre Curie and they married in 1895. Marie studied a metal element called uranium. She wanted to study uranium because scientists knew it gave off unseeable rays of energy. She wondered where the rays came from. Marie began testing rocks to find out if other elements gave off rays, too. Marie concluded two elements (元素) found in the rocks were radioactive. They were thorium and uranium. She called the energy “radioactivity”. Marie’s experiments were so exciting that she and Pierre soon began working together. One day, Marie began testing a black rock. Marie discovered a new element in the rock. She named it “polonium”. After Marie took away the polonium, the rock was still radioactive. She knew another radioactive element was inside the rock. She called it “radium”. In 1903, Marie and Pierre received the Nobel Prize in Physics. Marie was the first woman to receive a Nobel Prize. In 1911, Marie accepted the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. She was the first person to receive two Nobel Prizes. Yet the work made her sick. On July 4, 1934, Marie Curie died of a blood disease that may be caused by radiation. Marie’s discoveries helped save millions of lives and changed the scientific world. Radiation has been used to treat cancer. Her ideas about the atom helped lead to the discovery of nuclear energy. 1．What happened to Marie? A．She received the Noble Prizes in Physics and Maths. B．She was born in a rich family in Poland. C．She discovered the two new elements were radioactive. D．She went to university in France because she loved France. 2．What caused Marie to study uranium? A．The experiment was very exciting. B．The scientists knew nothing about uranium. C．She wanted to know where the rays came from. D．She wanted to work together with her husband. 3．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To introduce Marie’s life. B．To introduce Marie’s dream. C．To introduce the Nobel Prize. D．To introduce polonium and radium. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Module 3 Heroes 模块话题阅读理解 Module 2 Public holidays模块话题：著名人物 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 Yuan Longping, one of the world’s greatest scientists, died at the age of 91 in Hunan in 2021. He was called “the Father of Hybrid Rice (杂交水稻)” and helped feed people around the world. Yuan Longping was the first person to develop a kind of hybrid rice which helped fight hunger in China. Food was a big problem in China in the past. This was because China had 22 percent of the world’s population, but only 7 percent of its farmland. In the 1960s, Chinese people had a difficult time because millions of people suffered from hunger. As an agronomy (农学) teacher, Yuan was very sad to see this. “How can I help them have enough food?” he thought. He decided to work on a kind of hybrid rice. It has a high output. At that time, other scientists didn’t think hybrid rice was worth studying. But Yuan and his team worked on it every day. They took very good care of their rice seeds (种子). At last, in 1973, they grew a new kind of hybrid rice. This rice is strong. Farmers can grow it in many different kinds of farmland and in bad weather. It can also fight disease. Its output is much greater than common kinds of rice. With the new kind, about 70,000,000 people could have food every year! Yuan solved the food problem in China. But he was still working on rice when he was very old. Before he retired, he hoped to grow rice in the sea! Yuan once said he had two dreams—to “enjoy the cool under the rice crops (庄稼) taller than men” and to grow hybrid rice all over the world to help solve the global (全球的) food problem. 1．Which of the following is NOT a reason for Yuan to work on hybrid rice at first? A．Chinese people had a difficult time in the 1960s. B．Yuan wanted to enjoy the cool under the rice crops. C．China had a large population but not enough farmland. D．Millions of Chinese people suffered from hunger at that time. 2．What does the underlined word “output” probably mean in Chinese? A．营养 B．产量 C．效率 D．品质 3．What are the advantages of the hybrid rice? ① It can grow in many different kinds of farmland. ② It can grow in bad weather. ③ It can grow in the sea. ④ It can fight disease. A．①②③ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．②③④ 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 【导语】本文介绍了“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平的伟大贡献，包括他研发杂交水稻的初衷、过程及其优势，展现了他为解决全球粮食问题所做的努力。 1．细节理解题。根据第2段“Yuan was very sad to see this. ‘How can I help them have enough food?’ he thought.”可知，袁隆平研究杂交水稻的初衷是解决中国人的饥饿问题，而“enjoy the cool under the rice crops”是他的梦想，并非最初的研究动机。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据第2段“‘How can I help them have enough food?’.....It has a high output.”及第4段“Its output is much greater than common kinds of rice.”可知，袁隆平想要解决人们的饥饿问题，决定培育出高产量的水稻，所以“output”意为“产量”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第4段“Farmers can grow it in many different kinds of farmland and in bad weather. It can also fight disease.”可知，杂交水稻的优势包括适应多种农田、耐恶劣天气和抗病害，而“grow in the sea”是袁隆平退休前的目标，尚未实现。故选C。 The famous scientist and thinker, Charles Darwin, was born on February 12, 1809. His family lived not far from the River Severn, England. Darwin’s father was a well-known doctor and the son of a still greater doctor and scientist. Darwin’s father hoped that his son would also become a doctor. As a boy, Darwin liked to go for walks in the fields and forests. He watched nature, and compared what he saw with everything he had read in science books. He also liked collecting very much. He collected many things, birds, eggs, stones and leaves. His father did not like that, and Darwin was not studying very well at school. At the age of sixteen, Darwin was sent to Edinburgh University to study in order that he could become a doctor. But he was interested in the history of nature. Then he was sent to study in Cambridge University. There he studied until 1831. Some time later he heard that the ship Beagle was going on a trip to South America and needed a scientist. His professor advised him to go. He said the trip would be just for Darwin. So when the ship left England in December 1831, Darwin was on it. His research lasted almost five years. The Beagle studied the waters in the sea near South America. It also visited New Zealand, Australia and islands in the Pacific. Darwin saw many new plants and animals. He collected all kinds of plants. In 1842 Darwin went to live in Kent, where he continued his studies of changes in nature. Darwin understood that plants and animals are not always the same, and that they really change. By 1859 Darwin had finished his famous book “The Origin of Species” (《物种起源》). It made a great hit in the world of science. He was opposed by the church and even by some scientists. But later, more and more scientists agreed with him. 1．Charles Darwin had many hobbies except that________. A．he liked to go for walks in the forests B．he liked watching nature C．he preferred collecting coins and stamps D．he was fond of the history of nature 2．When did Darwin leave England for a trip to South America? A．In 1831. B．In 1832. C．In 1842. D．In 1859. 3．The underlined word “opposed” means “________”. A．接受 B．开除 C．反对 D．尊重 4．What can we learn from Charles Darwin? A．Don’t care what parents say to us. B．The trip can bring us wealth. C．We should ask teachers for help when meeting problems. D．Keep doing what we like and work hard, and we’ll succeed. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了著名科学家查尔斯·达尔文的生平及其科学成就。 1．细节理解题。根据文章“As a boy, Darwin liked to go for walks in the fields and forests. He watched nature...”和“But he was interested in the history of nature.”可知，达尔文的爱好包括在森林中散步、观察自然以及对自然的历史感兴趣，但并未提到他喜欢收集硬币和邮票。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章“So when the ship left England in December 1831, Darwin was on it.”可知，达尔文于1831年12月离开英格兰前往南美洲。故选A。 3．词义猜测题。根据文章“He was opposed by the church and even by some scientists. But later, more and more scientists agreed with him.”可知，but前后句意相反，“opposed”与“agreed”表达相反意思，应是“反对”。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，达尔文坚持自己的兴趣并努力研究，最终取得了巨大成就。因此可以得出结论：坚持自己喜欢的事情并努力工作，终会成功。故选D。 Marie Curie, born Maria Sklodowska in Warsaw, Poland, in 1867, was a pioneering physicist and chemist who made groundbreaking contributions to the study of radioactivity. Despite facing significant obstacles as a woman in a male-dominated field, she became the first person to win Nobel Prizes in two different scientific disciplines—Physics in 1903 and Chemistry in 1911. Curie’s early life was marked by hardship. Her family, once part of the educated middle class, fell into financial ruin due to political turmoil in Poland. Determined to pursue higher education, she moved to Paris in 1891 to study at the Sorbonne, where she excelled academically. In 1895, she married Pierre Curie, a French physicist, and the couple began collaborating on research into radioactive materials. Their most famous discovery was the isolation of two new elements, polonium (named after Marie’s homeland) and radium, from pitchblende, a uranium-rich mineral. This work earned them the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics, shared with Henri Becquerel, who first discovered radioactivity. Tragically, Pierre died in a street accident in 1906, leaving Marie to continue their research alone. Despite personal grief, Curie persisted. In 1911, she won her second Nobel Prize. this time in Chemistry, for her work on radium and polonium. She became the first woman to teach at the Sorbonne and later established the Radium Institute in Paris to further study radioactive elements. During World War I, she developed mobile X-ray units, known as “petites Curies”, to help treat wounded soldiers. Curie’s dedication to science came at a personal cost. Prolonged exposure to radioactive materials eventually led to her death from aplastic anemia in 1934. However, her legacy endures. She inspired generations of scientists and laid the foundation for modern research into nuclear energy and cancer treatment. 1．What was Marie Curie’s birth name? A．Maria Sklodowska. B．Maria Pierre. C．Maria Becquerel. D．Maria Radium. 2．In which two scientific fields did Marie Curie win Nobel Prizes? A．Physics and Biology. B．Chemistry and Medicine. C．Physics and Chemistry. D．Biology and Medicine. 3．Why did Marie Curie name one of the elements she discovered “polonium”? A．To honor her husband. B．To honor her homeland. C．To honor her mentor. D．To honor her colleague. 4．What was the primary cause of Marie Curie’s death? A．A street accident. B．Aplastic anemia from radiation exposure. C．Cancer from overwork. D．Heart disease. 5．What was one of Marie Curie’s contributions during World War I? A．Developing mobile X-ray units. B．Inventing the first nuclear reactor. C．Creating a vaccine for soldiers. D．Leading medical research teams. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文介绍了玛丽·居里的生平与成就。 1．细节理解题。根据“Marie Curie, born Maria Sklodowska in Warsaw, Poland, in 1867”可知，她的本名是Maria Sklodowska。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“she became the first person to win Nobel Prizes in two different scientific disciplines—Physics in 1903 and Chemistry in 1911”可知，她在物理学和化学领域分别获奖。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Their most famous discovery was the isolation of two new elements, polonium (named after Marie’s homeland) and radium”可知，“钋”是以她的祖国（波兰）命名的，以表达对祖国的敬意。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Prolonged exposure to radioactive materials eventually led to her death from aplastic anemia in 1934”可知，长期接触放射性物质导致的再生障碍性贫血是她的主要死因。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“During World War I, she developed mobile X-ray units, known as ‘petites Curies’, to help treat wounded soldiers”可知，她在一战期间研发了移动X光设备，用于救治伤员。故选A。 Wang Xiaoyun, a scientist from China, has won the 2025 UNESCO (联合国教科文组织) Women in Science Award. She won for her important work making computers and the internet safer for everyone. Ms. Wang is a professor at Tsinghua University. Her research has changed how the world protects computer information. UNESCO said her work “creates the math needed for safe talking online worldwide.” Born in Shandong in 1966, Wang loved math when she was young. She studied for her PhD at Shandong University. There, she changed from studying pure math to learning about secret codes (密码). About 20 years ago, she made a big discovery. She found serious problems with two very common internet security codes (MD5 and SHA-1). Her discovery showed these codes weren’t safe enough. This made countries work together to create stronger security rules. Wang is most famous for leading the team that made China’s first national security code, called SM3. Today, SM3 is used everywhere in China to protect important things: money transfers (banks, payments), transport systems (trains, traffic), and power supplies (electricity). Experts say SM3 keeps daily life safe, like when people pay online or prove who they are. The award committee said, “Her work connects hard math to real safety problems. It shows careful science helps the whole world.” The award ceremony was on June 12th in Paris. Wang’s winning shows China is becoming a leader in making new secret codes. She also inspires young people in science. Wang said, “Science has no borders. I hope my story makes more people want to explore the amazing world of math and technology.” 1．What award did Wang Xiaoyun win? A．The Nobel Prize in Mathematics. B．The 2025 UNESCO Women in Science Award. C．China’s National Science Award. 2．What did Wang study during her PhD? A．Computer engineering. B．Physics and internet safety. C．Pure math and secret codes. 3．Where is SM3 used in China today? A．Online shopping and video games. B．School education and hospitals. C．Money transfers, transport systems, and power supplies. 4．Why is Wang’s work important according to the award committee? A．It connects difficult math to real safety problems. B．It makes her a university professor. C．It helps China lead in all science fields. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了中国科学家王小云荣获2025年联合国教科文组织世界杰出女科学家奖的成就，重点介绍了她在密码学领域的研究贡献、教育背景、SM3密码的应用及其对全球网络安全的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“Wang Xiaoyun, a scientist from China, has won the 2025 UNESCO (联合国教科文组织) Women in Science Award.”可知，王小云获得了2025年联合国教科文组织世界杰出女科学家奖。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“She studied for her PhD at Shandong University. There, she changed from studying pure math to learning about secret codes (密码).”可知，王小云博士期间学习内容为纯数学和密码。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Today, SM3 is used everywhere in China to protect important things: money transfers (banks, payments), transport systems (trains, traffic), and power supplies (electricity).”可知，SM3在中国广泛应用于转账、交通系统和电力供应。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“The award committee said, ‘Her work connects hard math to real safety problems.’”可知，她工作成果的重要性在于数学与实际安全的结合。故选A。 Malaria (疟疾) has been a deadly problem for humans since ancient times. Usually people get malaria when infected mosquitoes (被感染的蚊子) bite them. Many people have died from it. Thankfully, Chinese scientist Tu Youyou found a drug called qinghaosu (青蒿素). In 1969, Tu became the director of a national project to develop a drug against malaria. Her team went back to books about classical Chinese medicine. After reading more than 2000 old remedies (药方), Tu and her team collected over 600 plants and listed almost 380 possible remedies for malaria. She used a low-temperature method to extract (提取) the qinghaosu and succeeded in 1972. After her team found that qinghaosu could treat malaria in mice and monkeys, Tu and two of her colleagues (同事) volunteered to test the drug on themselves before testing on patients. It turned out that the qinghaosu was safe. Thanks to their work, millions of lives in the world have been saved. In 2015, Tu won the Nobel Prize for it. She thought the prize should belong to (属于) her colleagues and traditional Chinese medicine. She once proudly said, “Every scientist dreams of doing something that can help the world.” 1．How do people get malaria according to the passage? A．By drinking polluted water. B．By eating bad food. C．By being bitten by infected mosquitoes. D．By staying with other patients 2．What’s the purpose (目的) of Tu’s project? A．To write a book about classical Chinese medicine. B．To find a way to treat malaria. C．To collect plants from all over the world. D．To study the history of Chinese history. 3．Why did Tu and her colleagues test qinghaosu on themselves first? A．Because they wanted to find out whether the drug was safe for humans. B．Because they wanted to save time for patient testing. C．Because they wanted to show they were brave. D．Because animal tests had failed. 4．What did Tu think of the Nobel Prize she won in 2015? A．She thought it was only for her hard work. B．She thought it was for the hard work of her team and traditional Chinese medicine. C．She felt it was not important at all. D．She was not satisfied with the prize. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国科学家屠呦呦及其团队发现青蒿素的过程及其重要意义。 1．细节理解题。根据“Usually, people get malaria when infected mosquitoes bite them.”可知，人们是被感染的蚊子叮咬后患上疟疾的。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“In 1969, Tu became the director of a national project to develop a drug against malaria.”可知，屠呦呦项目的目的是研发对抗疟疾的药物，也就是找到治疗疟疾的方法。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“After her team found that qinghaosu could treat malaria in mice and monkeys, Tu and two of her colleagues volunteered to test the drug on themselves before testing on patients. It turned out that the qinghaosu was safe.”可知，屠呦呦和同事先在自己身上测试青蒿素是为了确定药物对人类是否安全。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“In 2015, Tu won the Nobel Prize for it. She thought the prize should belong to her colleagues and traditional Chinese medicine.”可知，屠呦呦认为诺贝尔奖属于她的团队和传统中医药。故选B。 Think of somebody you really admire. You will probably find that their success didn’t come easily. As “Father of Hybrid Rice”, Yuan Longping got over great difficulties and spent his whole life reducing hunger and helping to feed the country with the largest population. Wu Mengchao, the “Father of Chinese Hepatobiliary Surgery (肝胆外科)”, focused on saving people’s lives for nearly eighty years. He performed more than 16,000 surgeries (手术) during his life. Holding the surgeon’s knife for such a long time deformed his fingers. Wu once said, “I would work at the operating table until my dying day.” In 1969, in order to solve the problem of treating malaria (疟疾), Tu Youyou, a pharmacologist (药学家), took on the job as head of a research team and performed different kinds of experiments (实验) with her teammates. However, the results failed. Instead of giving up, they kept trying. Finally, in 1972, they made it! In 2015, she finally received the Nobel Prize. Thomas Edison, the inventor of the light bulb, believed that every failure was a step towards success. He once said, “If I find 10,000 ways something won’t work, I am not sad, because every wrong try is another step forward.” Some people only became successful after their deaths. The artist Vincent van Gogh only sold one painting all through his life and that was to a friend. But he kept painting and he painted more than 2,000 artworks in the following ten years. Now his paintings are very popular and they sell for millions of pounds. One thing all these people have in common is keeping their goals (目标) no matter what. 1．What do Yuan Longping and Wu Mengchao have in common? A．They succeeded in solving world problems. B．They spent all their lives serving people. C．They achieved a lot in the medical field. D．They are remembered for their happiness. 2．The underlined phrase “deformed his fingers” means ________. A．changed the shape of his fingers B．made him feel unhappy C．gave him too much pressure D．got his fingers cut off 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Vincent van Gogh was successful all through his life. B．Vincent van Gogh painted 2,000 artworks in his life. C．It took Tu Youyou’s team about 3 years to reach their goal. D．Thomas Edison tried 10,000 ways before he invented the light bulb. 4．What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A．Not everyone can be successful. B．The more difficulties, the better. C．Great hopes make great men. D．Great achievements aren’t made naturally. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文列举袁隆平、吴孟超、屠呦呦、爱迪生、梵高的事例，阐述成功需历经艰辛、坚守目标，伟大成就并非轻易取得。 1．细节理解题。袁隆平一生致力于减少饥饿、养活人口，吴孟超近八十年专注救人，都“spent all their lives serving people（一生服务他人）”，故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Holding the surgeon’s knife for such a long time deformed his fingers.”可知，长时间握手术刀会让手指“changed the shape of his fingers（变形）”，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“In 1969, in order to solve the problem of treating malaria (疟疾)...Finally, in 1972, they made it!”可知屠呦呦团队1969年开始研究疟疾，1972年成功，历时约3年，“It took Tu Youyou’s team about 3 years to reach their goal”正确，故选C。 4．主旨大意题。文章通过多个事例说明伟大成就需克服困难、坚守目标，并非自然达成，“Great achievements aren’t made naturally（伟大成就并非天生铸就）”符合文章主旨，故选D。 “I spend my whole life doing one thing,” Gu Fangzhou once said. Known as "the father of sugar pills (糖丸)”, Gu passed away at age 92 on January 2nd, 2019. Eight months later he received a national honor title “The People’s Science” for his polio (骨髓灰质炎) research. Gu Fangzhou was born in June, 1926. He studied at Peking University as a medical student in 1944. After graduation, Gu made the decision to work to help improve public health. In 1955, polio broke out in Nantong. Jiangsu Province. It paralyzed (使瘫痪) 1680 people, mostly children aged below seven. cut spread to neighboring areas and resulted in 466 deaths. Gu was asked to lead pollo research in 1957. “At that time the only way to prevent polio was to invent a vaccine(疫苗),” said Gu. In 1959 Gu succeeded in developing the first polio live vaccine. Later, he developed the “sugar-coated (糖衣) pill” vaccine in 1962. It not only tasted better but was much easier to keep. In order to test the vaccine, Gu himself tried the vaccine and later his one-month-old son was vaccinated. This inspired his team to vaccinate their kids. They became the first group of people in China to try a polio vaccine. “If we don’t believe in what we produce, how can others believe in it?” said Gu. Later, the sugar pill was popular in China. It saved millions of people, especially kids. In 2000, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced (宣布) that China was already a polio-free country.“We feel satisfied. I can tell people that I tried my best, and your kids will no longer get polio,” said Gu. “That’s all we hoped for.” 1．How is the text developed by? A．Character. B．Direction. C．Feeling. D．Timeline. 2．Why did Gu Fangzhou and his team vaccinate their own kids with the polio vaccine? A．To show their courage and experience. B．To encourage other experts to do the same. C．To test the “sugar-coated pill” vaccine’s safety. D．To protect their families and relatives from polio. 3．What’s the correct order of the following events? a. China became a polio-free country. b. The “sugar-coated pill” vaccine was created. c. Gu received a national honor title. d. Polio resulted in 466 deaths in Nantong. A．c→d→a→b B．d→a→b→c C．b→d→a→c D．d→b→a→c 4．What can we infer from the text? A．Children can get polio more probably. B．There will no longer be polio in the world. C．Gu developed the first polio live vaccine all by himself. D．Gu dreamed of improving public health when he was a child. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了顾方舟的生平事迹及其在脊髓灰质炎疫苗研究方面的贡献。 1．篇章结构题。根据“Gu Fangzhou was born in June, 1926”、“In 1955, polio broke out in Nantong.”、“ In 1959 Gu succeeded in developing the first polio live vaccine.”以及“Later, the sugar pill was popular in China.”可知，文章按照时间顺序介绍了顾方舟的生平事迹及其在脊髓灰质炎疫苗研究方面的贡献。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“In order to test the vaccine, Gu himself tried the vaccine and later his one-month-old son was vaccinated. This inspired his team to vaccinate their kids.”可知，顾方舟和他的团队给自己的孩子接种疫苗是为了测试“糖衣丸”疫苗的安全性。故选C。 3．推理判断题。通读全文可知，首先是1955年南通爆发脊髓灰质炎并导致466人死亡；然后是1962年“糖衣丸”疫苗被研制出来；接着是2000年中国成为无脊髓灰质炎国家；最后是2019年顾方舟获得国家荣誉称号。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段“mostly children aged below seven”可知，脊髓灰质炎主要影响7岁以下的儿童，因此可以推断出儿童更容易患上脊髓灰质炎。故选A。 Last November, scientist Yan Ning announced that she would leave America and return to China. Yan Ning is well-known to the Chinese public. She studied at Tsinghua University from 1996 to 2000. After that, she studied and worked in America for several years. In 2007, she returned to China and became the youngest professor at Tsinghua University. Ten years later, she left Tsinghua University and became a professor at Princeton University in the US. She was later chosen as a foreign member of the US National Academy of Sciences and a foreign member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Her announcement spread like wildfire and got much attention. Yan Ning said she would resign (辞职) from Princeton University and help build Shenzhen Medical Academy of Research and Translation in Shenzhen. She called her return to China her third dream. Yan Ning hopes to offer what she has learned these years. She wants to help and support more young people and make truly original breakthroughs. She calls Shenzhen a dream city, and plans to build a world-known medical research center there. In recent years, ▲ , thanks to China’s efforts in encouraging innovation. In 2021, more than 1,400 Chinese scientists gave up their jobs in America and returned to China, a 22% increase from the year before. There are also many top scientists who have come back to China from Britain, Japan and other countries. We welcome the scientists back to China and wish them success. 1．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．more and more foreign scientists hope to work in China. B．more and more foreign scientists achieve their dreams. C．more and more Chinese scientists have chosen to return home. D．more and more Chinese scientists are made to work abroad. 2．What can we know from Paragraph 4? A．Yan Ning dreams big and puts it into action B．Yan Ning is famous around the world C．Yan Ning likes to work with young people D．Yan Ning has made many original breakthroughs 3．The numbers and facts in Paragraph 5 show that _________. A．China needs more innovation B．a lot of top scientists choose to work in the US C．science plays an important role in social development D．more and more Chinese scientists have come back home to work from other countries 4．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Welcome back! B．A dream city. C．Great scientists in the US. D．What a great original breakthrough! 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文介绍了颜宁去年11月宣布回国，将建深圳医学科学院，带动越来越多中国科学家归国潮。 1．推理判断题。根据“thanks to China’s efforts in encouraging innovation.”以及“In 2021, more than 1, 400 Chinese scientists gave up their jobs in America and returned to China, a 22% increase from the year before.”可知，后文描述了很多科学家选择回国的事实，因此“越来越多的中国科学家选择了回国”适合放在此处。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“She wants to help and support more young people and make truly original breakthroughs. She calls Shenzhen a dream city, and plans to build a world-known medical research center there.”可知，颜宁梦想远大，并付诸行动。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“In 2021, more than 1, 400 Chinese scientists gave up their jobs in America and returned to China, a 22% increase from the year before. ”可知，第5段中的数字和事实表明，越来越多的中国科学家从国外回国工作。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文，尤其根据“We welcome the scientists back to China and wish them success.”可知，本文介绍了颜宁去年11月宣布回国，将建深圳医学科学院，带动越来越多中国科学家归国潮。选项A“欢迎回来！”适合最为最佳标题。故选A。 重难语篇提升练 Huang Xuhua, chief designer of China’s first-generation nuclear submarines (核潜艇), died on Thursday evening in Wuhan, Hubei province. Huang was given the Medal of the Republic, China’s highest honor, in 2019. Born in March 1926 to a family of doctors in Guangdong province. After spending his boyhood in wartime, he joined Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study shipbuilding. There the young man learned about the communist revolution (共产主义革命) and joined the Communist Party of China in April 1949, right before his graduation. After receiving his bachelor’s diploma (学士学位证书), Huang started his lifelong career in China’s shipbuilding industry. In 1958, Huang was selected to join the research team tasked with designing China’s first nuclear-powered submarine. At the beginning, Huang and his colleagues found that China lacked the basic conditions to develop such a sophisticated hardware technology (复杂的硬件技术). None of them had any knowledge in that field, and since other countries were extremely protective of such technologies, they hardly had any technical reference (参考) materials. Huang and his colleagues started by scouring (搜寻) newspapers and magazines for information, which was very difficult to find and was either too fragmented (碎片化的) or hard to tell whether it was true or false. The team members didn’t have any computers or digital calculators, so they used abacuses (算盘) and rulers to solve problems. Their work didn’t stopped even from 1962 to 1965, when China was undergoing economic difficulties. After years of painstaking (艰苦的) efforts, China finally built its first nuclear-powered submarine —the first Type 091—in 1970, becoming the fifth nation to have such hardware. Huang’s name remained classified until 1987 when a magazine in Shanghai was allowed to publish a report on him, which only disclosed his family name of Huang. Even in his 90s, the designer used to visit his office every weekday morning to review and arranged materials of his know-how and experience, and would also give young researchers advice on technical issues (技术问题). As young people, we should learn from the older generation of heroes like Huang. 1．Put the following events about Huang in the right order. a. He joined Shanghai Jiao Tong University.                b. He joined the research team for nuclear submarine. c. He graduated from the university.                    d. He joined the Communist Party of China. e. He started work in shipbuilding industry. A．a-b-c-d-e B．a-b-d-e-c C．a-d-c-e-b D．a-c-d-e-b 2．The writer uses paragraphs from 3 to 5 to mainly show ________. A．How difficult the work conditions were B．how hard the older heroes worked C．How united the researchers were D．how the government supported their work 3．At the beginning, Huang and his colleagues found it hard to design China’s first nuclear-powered submarine because of the following except ______. A．None of them had any knowledge in that field B．Other countries were extremely protective of such technologies C．They couldn’t find any newspapers and magazines to scour the information D．China lacked the basic conditions to develop such a sophisticated hardware technology 4．Which statement is right according to the passage? A．Huang was born in a family of teachers. B．The computer wasn’t still invented in 1960s. C．In his 90s, Huang still went to help the young every morning. D．China became the fifth country having nuclear submarine in 1970. 5．What’s the writer’s main purpose to write the passage? A．To introduce the history of Chinese nuclear submarine. B．To introduce the achievement of Huang and his leagues. C．To introduce Huang’s life and call on young people learn from him. D．To introduce how the first Chinese nuclear submarine was built. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了中国工程院院士黄旭华的生平事迹，包括他领导设计中国第一艘核潜艇、获得共和国勋章等荣誉，以及他对国家科技发展的贡献。 1．细节理解题。根据“After spending his boyhood in wartime, he joined Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study shipbuilding.”可知，他进入上海交通大学，对应a；根据“joined the Communist Party of China in April 1949, right before his graduation”可知，他在1949 年4月毕业前加入中国共产党，对应d；根据“After receiving his bachelor’s diploma (学士学位证书), Huang started his lifelong career in China’s shipbuilding industry.”可知，他毕业后获得学士学位，对应c，然后开始在中国造船业工作，对应e；根据“In 1958, Huang was selected to join the research team tasked with designing China’s first nuclear-powered submarine.”可知，1958年他被选中加入设计中国第一艘核潜艇的研究团队，对应b。故选C。 2．主旨大意题。根据“Huang and his colleagues started by scouring (搜寻) newspapers and magazines for information… they used abacuses (算盘) and rulers to solve problems. Their work didn’t stopped even from 1962 to 1965”以及这几段内容可知，第3至5段主要介绍黄和他的同事们在缺乏技术和工具的条件下付出的努力。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Huang and his colleagues started by scouring (搜寻) newspapers and magazines for information”可知，他们能找到报纸和杂志来搜索信息，所以C项表述错误。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“After years of painstaking (艰苦的) efforts, China finally built its first nuclear-powered submarine —the first Type 091—in 1970, becoming the fifth nation to have such hardware.”可知，中国在1970年成为第五个拥有核潜艇的国家。故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据“As young people, we should learn from the older generation of heroes like Huang.”并通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国工程院院士黄旭华的生平事迹，包括他领导设计中国第一艘核潜艇、获得共和国勋章等荣誉，以及他对国家科技发展的贡献，并呼吁年轻人向他学习。故选C。 Marie was born in Poland on November 7, 1867. Marie’s family had many troubles. Her mother was seriously ill. When Marie was 6, her father lost his job and their home. They moved to a small flat. It was noisy and crowded. But the noise did not stop her from studying. In 1883, Marie finished high school. She dreamed of becoming a scientist. But in Poland, girls were not allowed to go to college. And her family did not have enough money to send her to a university in another country. Reaching her dream seemed impossible. Marie and her sister Bronya decided to study in France. Marie would work to pay for Bronya’s schooling. Then, once Bronya left school, she would work and pay for Marie’s schooling. Finally, in 1891, Marie’s dream came true. She entered a university in Paris. In three years, she got advanced degrees in Physics and Maths. She also met a scientist named Pierre Curie and they married in 1895. Marie studied a metal element called uranium. She wanted to study uranium because scientists knew it gave off unseeable rays of energy. She wondered where the rays came from. Marie began testing rocks to find out if other elements gave off rays, too. Marie concluded two elements (元素) found in the rocks were radioactive. They were thorium and uranium. She called the energy “radioactivity”. Marie’s experiments were so exciting that she and Pierre soon began working together. One day, Marie began testing a black rock. Marie discovered a new element in the rock. She named it “polonium”. After Marie took away the polonium, the rock was still radioactive. She knew another radioactive element was inside the rock. She called it “radium”. In 1903, Marie and Pierre received the Nobel Prize in Physics. Marie was the first woman to receive a Nobel Prize. In 1911, Marie accepted the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. She was the first person to receive two Nobel Prizes. Yet the work made her sick. On July 4, 1934, Marie Curie died of a blood disease that may be caused by radiation. Marie’s discoveries helped save millions of lives and changed the scientific world. Radiation has been used to treat cancer. Her ideas about the atom helped lead to the discovery of nuclear energy. 1．What happened to Marie? A．She received the Noble Prizes in Physics and Maths. B．She was born in a rich family in Poland. C．She discovered the two new elements were radioactive. D．She went to university in France because she loved France. 2．What caused Marie to study uranium? A．The experiment was very exciting. B．The scientists knew nothing about uranium. C．She wanted to know where the rays came from. D．She wanted to work together with her husband. 3．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To introduce Marie’s life. B．To introduce Marie’s dream. C．To introduce the Nobel Prize. D．To introduce polonium and radium. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 【导语】本文介绍了玛丽・居里的生平、她的科学发现以及她对科学界的贡献。 1．细节理解题。根据“Marie concluded two elements (元素) found in the rocks were radioactive. They were thorium and uranium.”可知，玛丽・居里发现两种新元素具有放射性。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“She wanted to study uranium because scientists knew it gave off unseeable rays of energy. She wondered where the rays came from.”可知，玛丽・居里研究铀是因为她想知道这些射线从何而来。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。文章详细介绍了玛丽・居里的生平、她的科学发现以及她对科学界的贡献。因此，文章的目的是介绍玛丽・居里的一生。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $