精品解析：上海市延安中学2025-2026学年高二上学期第一次质量调研英语试题

上海市延安中学2025学年第一学期质量调研 高二年级英语试卷 （时间：90分钟 满分：100分） 第I卷 （81分） I. Listening Comprehension （15%） Section A （5%） Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, α question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper. and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1.A. Stay indoors. B. Clean the wastes. C. Go for a bike ride. D. Air the room. 2.A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. D. Boss and secretary. 3.A. Daniel works effectively. B. Daniel sleeps well. C. Daniel makes full use of energy. D. The woman wants to know Daniel. 4.A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Twelve. 5.A. He doesn't have a car. B. He left the car at the garage. C. He will not be available. D. He will have dinner with the professor. 6.A. He misses the woman. B. He hasn't gone fishing for a long time. C. He went fishing last night. D. He thinks the woman knows him well. 7.A. She expected more people at her party. B. She enjoyed entertaining small children. C. She threw a surprise party for her friend. D. She has always enjoyed great popularity. 8.A. He can only speak English. B. He cannot speak Japanese. C. He can speak three languages. D. He has visited many foreign countries. 9.A. John knows a lot about restaurants. B. John wrote a book about restaurants. C. John used to work in a restaurant. D. John knows little about restaurants. 10.A. Uneasy. B. Angry. C. All right. D. Good. Section B(10%) Directions: In Section B, you will hear several short passages and longer conversations, and you will be asked some questions on each of the passages and the conversations. The passages and the conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you've heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. To show different lines. B. To make the world colorful. C. To attract more passengers. D. To tell one nation from another. 12. A. They are not colors. B. They are symbols of night and day. C. They are primary colors. D. They have some particular meanings 13. A. The meanings of black and white colors. B. The usefulness of colors in people's life. C. The importance of colors in different countries. D. Different countries use colors in different ways. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. An educator B. A fund manager C. An automobile worker. D. A seed shop clerk. 15. A. At first discouraging and later regretful. B. At first kind and later sympathetic. C. At first annoyed and later impressive. D. At first unconcerned and later highly supportive. 16. A. By growing a crop of peanuts. B. By starting a school. C. By investing in automobile industry D. By handing the money back to Mr. Ford. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. A new student and an old student. B. Students learning Spanish C. Students learning English: D. A teacher and a student 18. A. During a break between classes. B. On the first day of the semester C. In the first class of the semester. D. At the end of the semester 19. A. From a notice B. From a university brochure. C. From the reception desk. D. From the information centre. 20. A. To go to a meeting room. B. To go to Room 110. C. To go to Room 290. D. To go to Room 310. II. Grammar and Vocabulary （30%） Section A （10%） Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Narcissism is a psychological condition defined as an obsession with the self and extreme cases may be diagnosed as narcissistic personality disorder （NPD） According to some psychoanalysts, almost all people begin life with some degree of self-obsession. Since babies are born helpless, their physical and emotional needs____1____ be addressed by the people surrounding them. In the infant’s mind, this translates to a deeply held belief ____2____ he is the center of the world, known as primary narcissism. This belief ____3____ （usually leave）behind as children grow older and become more independent. People with mild symptoms may actually benefit from their self-interested tendencies. According to some studies, mild narcissists tend to experience less stress, self-doubt, and remorse than non-narcissists. Their feeling of self-importance and invulnerability makes them ____4____ （likely) to suffer from depression and more likely to pursue their dreams and goals. Those with clinical NPD, however, can have difficult and frustrating lives. In extreme cases, they may be simply unable to understand why the world does not work according to their beliefs. Despite a desire for strong personal relationships, they may be unable to maintain them ____5____ their self-obsession. In rare cases, the ability ____6____ （justify) any behavior for personal gain may be so strong that a narcissist may find himself ____7____ （engage）in manipulative, criminal, or violent acts. Psychotherapy is often recommended as the first line of treatment for this condition. Cognitive behavioral therapy, ____8____ focuses on identifying and ____9____(alter) unhealthy behavioral patterns, can also be very helpful in constructing a healthier lifestyle. How effective these treatments usually depend on how severe the condition is. ____10____ fully defeating narcissistic urges may not always be possible, psychotherapy creates an open forum to discuss related issues and manage the problems caused by this condition. 【答案】1. must 2. that 3. is usually left 4. less likely 5. for##because of 6. to justify 7. engaging 8. which 9. altering 10. While##Though##Although 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了自恋型人格障碍特征、危害和治疗方式。 【1题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：由于婴儿出生时毫无自理能力，所以他们身体和情感上的需求必须由他们周围的亲人来满足。根据be addressed可知，空处应用情态动词；结合句意和常识，婴儿的需求必须由亲人来满足，故应用must，表示“必须”。故填must。 【2题详解】 考查同位语从句。句意：在婴儿的意识中，这便意味着一种根深蒂固的信念——他就是世界的中心，这种观念被称为“原发性自恋”。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明抽象名词belief的内容，在从句中不作成分，也没有具体的汉语意思，故应用连接词that引导。故填that。 【3题详解】 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这种观念通常会在孩子长大并变得更加独立之后逐渐被摒弃。空处在句中作谓语，由usually和从句中的grow、become可知，该句为一般现在时，表示通常发生的动作；动词短语leave behind表示“遗弃、摒弃”，与主语belief之间为被动关系，表示“信念被摒弃”，谓语为单数。故填is usually left。 【4题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：他们那种自视甚高、自以为不可侵犯的心态，使他们更不容易患上抑郁症，也更有可能去追求自己的梦想和目标。空处应用形容词，作宾补；likely为形容词，表示“可能的”，根据并列成分more likely可知，应用比较级形式，表示“更不可能”。故填less likely。 【5题详解】 考查介词或者介词短语。句意：尽管他们渴望建立深厚的人际关系，但由于过度关注自我，他们可能无法维系这些关系。空处应用介词，后接名词短语their self-obsession作宾语，介词for和介词短语because of表示“因为”，符合句意。故填for/because of。 【6题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：在极少数情况下，为个人利益合理化任何行为的能力可能极强，以至于自恋者可能会做出操纵他人、犯罪或暴力行为等极端举动。justify为动词，表示“证明合法”，根据固定短语the ability to do (做某事的能力) 可知，应用动词不定式，作后置定语，修饰ability。故填to justify。 【7题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：在极少数情况下，为个人利益合理化任何行为的能力可能极强，以至于自恋者可能会做出操纵他人、犯罪或暴力行为等极端举动。engage为动词，engage in表示“从事、参加”，由谓语动词find可知，空处应用其非谓语动词形式，作宾补，与himself之间为主动关系，表示“发现自己从事操纵他人、犯罪或暴力行为等极端举动”，故应用现在分词形式。故填engaging。 【8题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：认知行为疗法，其重点在于识别并改变不健康的行为模式，对于构建更健康的生活方式也颇具帮助。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Cognitive behavioral therapy，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which。故填which。 【9题详解】 考查动名词。句意：认知行为疗法，其重点在于识别并改变不健康的行为模式，对于构建更健康的生活方式也颇具帮助。alter为动词，表示“改变”，与identifying并列作宾语，故应用动名词形式。故填altering。 【10题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：虽然完全克服自恋的冲动可能并非总是能够实现，但心理治疗为探讨相关问题以及解决这种状况所引发的问题创造了一个开放的平台。空处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然、尽管”，用于句首，故可用连词while/though/although引导，句首字母大写。故填While/Though/Although。 Section B （10%） Directions: Complete the sentences with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once. There is one extra that you do not need. A. panel B. customize C. follow the herd D. take the edge off E. ultimately F. polish G. prosperity H. genuinely I. privilege J. vehicle K. stretch 11. Whatever the scientists ________ conclude, all of their data will immediately be challenged. 12. In response to the growing demand for personalized experiences, many companies are trying to ________ their products. 13. The expert ________ discussing the future of Al in the tech conference made some groundbreaking predictions. 14. In the world of cryptocurrency investment, many immature investors tend to ________. 15. The new documentary series on streaming services is a remarkable ________ for presenting the untold stories of marginalized communities. 16. It often takes writers, whether prominent ones or greenhands, a great deal of time to ________ their manuscripts. 17. The new government policies are aimed at promoting economic ________, with initiatives to boost small-and medium-sized enterprises. 18. Having access to high-quality education should never be a(n) ________ for the wealthy few. 19. It is encouraging to see that many celebrities are ________ using their influence to raise awareness about important social issues. 20. The sudden influx of new competitors in the electric vehicle market is starting to ________ Tesla’s once-dominant market advantage. 【答案】11. E 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. J 16. F 17. G 18. I 19. H 20. D 【解析】 【11题详解】 考查副词。句意：无论科学家最终得出什么结论，他们的所有数据都会立即受到质疑。由“conclude”可知，句子表示“无论科学家最终得出什么结论”，空格处意为“最终”，是ultimately，故选E。 【12题详解】 考查动词和不定式。句意：为了满足日益增长的个性化体验需求，许多公司都在尝试定制他们的产品。由“In response to the growing demand for personalized experiences”可知，句子表示“为了满足日益增长的个性化体验需求，许多公司都在尝试定制他们的产品”，空格处意为“定制”，是customize，try to do是固定短语，意为“尝试做某事”，因此空格处用原形，故选B。 【13题详解】 考查名词。句意：在科技大会上讨论人工智能未来的专家小组做出了一些开创性的预测。由“discussing the future of Al in the tech conference”可知，句子表示“在科技大会上讨论人工智能未来的专家小组做出了一些开创性的预测”，空格处意为“专家咨询组，专题讨论小组”，是panel，此处是一个专家小组，因此空格处用单数，故选A。 【14题详解】 考查短语和不定式。句意：在加密货币投资的世界里，许多不成熟的投资者往往随波逐流。由“many immature Investors tend to”可知，句子表示“在加密货币投资的世界里，许多不成熟的投资者往往随波逐流”，空格处意为“随波逐流”，是固定短语follow the herd，tend to do sth.是固定短语，意为“往往做某事”，因此follow用原形，故选C。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：流媒体服务上的新纪录片系列是展示边缘化群体不为人知故事的绝佳工具。由“for presenting the untold stories of marginalized communities”可知，句子表示“流媒体服务上的新纪录片系列是展示边缘化群体不为人知故事的绝佳工具”，空格处意为“工具”，是vehicle，空前有a，空格处用单数，故选J。 【16题详解】 考查动词和不定式。句意：不管是名作家还是新手作家，润色他们的手稿往往要花费大量的时间。由“It often takes writers, whether prominent ones or greenhands”可知，句子表示“不管是名作家还是新手作家，润色他们的手稿往往要花费大量的时间”，空格处意为“润色”，是polish，It takes sb. some time to do sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事花费某人多少时间”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，因此空格处用原形，故选F。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：新政府的政策旨在促进经济繁荣，并采取措施扶持中小企业。由“with initiatives to boost small-and medium-sized enterprises”可知，句子表示“新政府的政策旨在促进经济繁荣，并采取措施扶持中小企业”，空格处意为“繁荣”，是prosperity，是不可数名词，故选G。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：接受高质量教育绝不应该是少数富人的特权。由“Having access to high-quality education should never be a(n)”可知，句子表示“接受高质量教育绝不应该是少数富人的特权”，空格处意为“特权”，是privilege，空前有a，空格处用单数，故选I。 【19题详解】 考查副词。句意：看到许多名人真正地利用他们的影响力来提高对重要社会问题的认识，这是令人鼓舞的。由“using their influence to raise awareness about important social issues”可知，句子表示“看到许多名人真正地利用他们的影响力来提高对重要社会问题的认识，这是令人鼓舞的”，空格处意为“真正地”，用副词genuinely，故选H。 【20题详解】 考查短语和不定式。句意：电动汽车市场上新竞争者的突然涌入，开始削弱特斯拉一度占据主导地位的市场优势。由“The sudden influx of new competitors in the electric vehicle market is starting to”可知，句子表示“电动汽车市场上新竞争者的突然涌入，开始削弱特斯拉一度占据主导地位的市场优势”，空格处意为“削弱”，是固定短语take the edge off，start to do是固定短语，意为“开始做某事”，因此take用原形，故选D。 Section C （10%） Directions: Complete the passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. There is one extra that you do not need. A. resonate B. moderate C. modest D. assumption E. association F. credited G. monitored H. spell I. respectful J. insight K. respective Archimedes had his eureka moment in the bath. Sir Isaac Newton claimed his breakthroughs were achieved by standing on the shoulders of giants. Descartes (笛卡尔) ____21____his foundational ideas to divine (神圣的) enlightenment that empowered human reason. For ordinary people, however, the surest path to sudden ____22____ may be a good nap. A study suggests that a 20-minute snooze (打盹儿) can boost problem-solving ability by more than 50 per cent but only if you achieve a state of rest known as N2 sleep. N2 is a stage of light-to ____23____ sleep that comes after you first drift off. During N2 sleep, brain waves slow down, with occasional bursts of activity known as sleep spindles, which are thought to help with memory and learning. To test the ____24____, a research team from Hamburg University first invited a group of participants to nap for 20 minutes while their brain waves were ____25____ via electroencephalogram (EEG), which showed whether they had reached N2 sleep. The participants were then asked to watch a cloud of orange or purple dots on a screen. They had to press one of two keys as quickly as they could to indicate the direction in which the dots were travelling. At first, the color did not correlate with movement direction. After a while, however, the color began predicting direction, enabling faster responses and the participants were assessed on their ability to spontaneously identify the ____26____. Among N2 sleepers, 86% detected the link, versus 56% of awake participants. Of course, there are limitations: the sample size was ____27____, with only 90 participants and the task’s artificial design. No one, as yet, has proven that a brief ____28____ of N2 sleep will help you write a sonnet (十四行诗), or understand Einstein’s theory of general relativity However, the researchers believe that the findings will ____29____ with most people. “I think a lot of us have made the subjective experience of having important realizations after a short nap,” said one of the lead authors. Next time you’re caught napping at your desk, try explaining you’re optimizing cognitive performance through strategic N2 sleep. If met with skepticism, cite the Hamburg study with a ____30____ footnote to your teacher! 【答案】21. F 22. J 23. B 24. D 25. G 26. E 27. C 28. H 29. A 30. I 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍研究表明20分钟小睡，尤其进入N2睡眠阶段可提升解决问题能力，同时提及研究局限与人们的主观体验。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：笛卡尔把他的基本思想归功于赋予人类理性的神圣启迪。根据句子结构以及前文的had和claimed可知，此空应是动词的一般过去时形式。根据“his foundational ideas to divine (神圣的) enlightenment”可知，此处是固定搭配credit... to...，意为“把……归功于……”。故选F。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，对普通人来说，获得突然顿悟最可靠的途径可能是好好打个盹。空处需填名词作宾语，结合后文“boost problem-solving ability (提升解决问题能力)”可知，此处指“顿悟、洞察力”，“insight”符合语义。故选J。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：N2睡眠是你刚进入睡眠后的一种轻度到中度睡眠阶段。空处与“light (轻度的)”并列，修饰名词“sleep”，需填形容词，“moderate (中度的)”符合“轻度到中度”的程度递进。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：为了验证这一假设，汉堡大学的一个研究团队首先邀请了一组参与者小睡20分钟，同时通过脑电图（EEG）监测他们的脑电波，以判断他们是否进入了N2睡眠阶段。空处需填名词作“test”的宾语，结合前文对N2睡眠与能力提升的关联推测，此处指“假设”，“assumption”符合语境。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：为了验证这一假设，汉堡大学的一个研究团队首先邀请了一组参与者小睡20分钟，同时通过脑电图（EEG）监测他们的脑电波，以判断他们是否进入了N2睡眠阶段。空处与“brain waves”构成被动关系，需填过去分词，“monitored”(被监测)符合“通过脑电图观察脑电波”的实验操作。故选G。 【26题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而过了一会儿，颜色开始预测方向，从而加快了反应速度，参与者自发识别这种关联的能力得到评估。空处应是名词作动词identify的宾语。根据前文的“At first, the color did not correlate with movement direction.”以及“the color began predicting direction”可知，此处是指颜色与方向的“关联”。“association (关联)”符合“颜色和运动方向之间的关联”的语境。故选E。 【27题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当然，这项研究也存在局限性：样本量较小，只有90名参与者，而且任务设计也较为人为。空处修饰“sample size (样本量)”，需填形容词，结合“only 90 participants (仅90名参与者)”可知，此处指“适度的、较小的”，“modest”符合“样本量有限”的局限描述。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：到目前为止，还没有人证明短暂的N2睡眠阶段能帮助你写一首十四行诗，或理解爱因斯坦的广义相对论。空处需填名词，“a spell of”为固定搭配，表示“一段（时间）、一个阶段”，“spell”符合“短暂的N2睡眠阶段”的语义。故选H。 【29题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：然而，研究人员认为这些发现会引起大多数人的共鸣。“resonate with”为固定搭配，意为“与……产生共鸣”，符合后文提及的“很多人有小睡后获得重要领悟的主观体验”。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查形容词。句意：如果遇到质疑，就引用汉堡大学的这项研究，并给你的老师一个恭敬的补充说明！空处修饰“footnote (补充说明、注释)”，需填形容词，结合“cite the Hamburg study (引用研究)”向老师解释的场景，“respectful (恭敬的)”符合礼貌沟通的语境。故选I。 II. Reading Comprehension （36%） Section A （15%） Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B. C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context The Psychology of Money in a Buy Now Pay Later World Not long ago, you had to physically hand over cash to buy something. You witnessed it ____31____ your wallet. But you can now pay for a new phone in three instalments (分期付款) and barely notice the difference. We are becoming increasingly free of the emotional burden of spending and our mental health is being profoundly affected by this quiet shift. The popularity of Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) plans has skyrocketed. They promise freedom and flexibility, but the ease of use can deceive our minds. When payment is deferred or divided into smaller payments, we are wired to feel less emotionally ____32____. When the act of paying is separated from the act of purchasing, we are more likely to overspend. This psychological ____33____ allows people to underestimate the long-term cost of their spending and often leads to ____34____ financial decisions. In societies where digital credit is easily ____35____ but financial education is limited, these behaviors can spiral into chronic debt. This impulsivity isn’t ____36____; it’s deeply rooted in our psychology, because money isn’t just about maths; it has to do with meaning. We buy things to feel better, to belong, or to prove we’re doing well — even if the reality looks very different. When we shop to alleviate sadness, boredom, stress, or low self-worth, we are engaging in emotional spending. ____37____ the brief relief it may provide, it frequently results in deeper shame, particularly when the financial influence becomes apparent. This shame can prevent individuals from seeking help, causing long-lasting financial and emotional stress. People frequently do not ____38____ what they are agreeing to in a world of stylish apps and approval with a single ____39____. Financial literacy remains uneven in emerging economies, particularly among younger populations. Understanding compound interest is important, but understanding why we spend the way we do is just as important. ____40____, identity, self-esteem, and emotional regulation are all closely linked to financial behaviors. We need to talk about money more often not just how to make it, but how we feel about it. Therapists should be able to ask about financial stress with confidence. Financial education ought to be people’s feelings of isolation and shame. Financial stress can make you feel helpless, but by ____41____ the emotional issue of money and building healthier habits, we can move from crisis to confidence. The next time you see the ____42____ “Pay in 3” button, take a moment to ____43____. Ask yourself: Do I really need this? Or do I just need to feel better? We live in a world where money is ____44____, but the emotional price it brings is very, very real. If we start noticing that cost — not just in pounds, dollars, or rupees, but in stress, shame, and mental ____45____ we might finally treat money not only as a resource, but as something deeply psychological. 31. A. amplify B. emerge C. exit D. enter 32. A. drained B. obsessed C. horrified D. unprovoked 33. A. association B. disconnection C. assumption D. distribution 34. A. intrusive B. intuitive C. impulsive D. intensive 35 A. understandable B. unpredictable C. adaptable D. accessible 36. A. obsessive B. greedy C. random D. passionate 37. A. In spite of B. In terms of C. In contrast to D. In addition to 38. A. acknowledge B. comprehend C. interpret D. oppose 39. A. word B. thought C. tap D. move 40. A. However B. Therefore C. Contrarily D. Additionally 41. A. addressing B. adding C. shedding D. scripting 42. A. decent B. tempting C. authentic D. sacred 43. A. pause B. opt C. wonder D. doubt 44. A. vital B. visible C. intangible D. overwhelming 45. A. gratification B. gratitude C. fraud D. fatigue 【答案】31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. C 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D 41. A 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是“先买后付（BNPL）”消费模式下金钱所蕴含的心理学问题。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久前，购买东西时你还得亲手递出现金，亲眼看着它从钱包里离开。A. amplify放大；B. emerge出现；C. exit离去；D. enter进入。根据上文“hand over cash to buy something”可知，把现金交出去拿去买东西，也就是现金离开了钱包。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当付款被推迟或分成小额支付时，我们天生就会感觉在情感上没那么疲惫。A. drained筋疲力尽的；B. obsessed着迷的；C. horrified惊恐的；D. unprovoked无缘无故的。根据上文“When payment is deferred or divided into smaller payments”和客观常识可知，当付款被推迟或分成小额支付，我们在情感上就没那么疲惫。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种心理上的脱节让人们低估自己消费的长期成本，还常常导致冲动的财务决策。A. association联系；B. disconnection脱节；C. assumption假设；D. distribution分配。根据上文“the act of paying is separated from the act of purchasing”可知，付款行为与购买行为分离是一种心理上的脱节，故选B。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种心理上的脱节让人们低估自己消费的长期成本，还常常导致冲动的财务决策。A. intrusive侵扰的；B. intuitive直觉的；C. impulsive冲动的；D. intensive密集的。根据上文“underestimate the long-term cost of their spending”可知，低估自己消费的长期成本就会导致冲动的财务决策。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在数字信贷容易获取但金融教育有限的社会中，这些行为可能会演变成长期债务。A. understandable可理解的；B. unpredictable不可预测的；C. adaptable 适应性强的；D. accessible易获得的。根据上文“In societies where digital credit”和客观事实可知，现在这个社会中数字信贷是容易获得的。故选D。 【36题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种冲动行为并非偶然，它深深植根于我们的心理之中，因为金钱不仅仅关乎数学计算，它还与意义相关。A. obsessive强迫性的；B. greedy贪婪的；C. random随机的；D. passionate热情的。根据下文“it’s deeply rooted in our psychology”可知，这种冲动行为不是随机产生的，而是植根于我们的心理之中。故选C。 37题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管它可能带来短暂的解脱，但当财务影响显现时，往往会带来更深层次的羞愧感。A. In spite of尽管；B. In terms of就……而言；C. In contrast to与……相反；D. In addition to除……之外还。根据下文“the brief relief it may provide, it frequently results in deeper shame”可知，尽管有的购买行为可能带来短暂的解脱，但是财务影响出现时，就会给人带来羞愧感。故选A。 【38题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个充斥着时尚应用程序、只需轻点一下就能获得批准的世界里，人们常常不明白自己到底在同意什么。A. acknowledge承认；B. comprehend理解，明白；C. interpret解释；D. oppose反对。根据下文“what they are agreeing to”可知，人们经常不明白自己到底在同意什么。故选B。 【39题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个充斥着时尚应用程序、只需轻点一下就能获得批准的世界里，人们常常不明白自己到底在同意什么。A. word单词；B. thought想法；C. tap轻触；D. move移动。根据上文“a world of stylish apps and approval with a single”可知，在现在这个世界，人们支付只需要轻轻点一下就行了。故选C。 【40题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，身份认同、自尊和情绪调节都与金融行为密切相关。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Contrarily相反地；D. Additionally此外。根据下文“identity, self-esteem, and emotional regulation are all closely linked to financial behaviors”可知，空后内容是对前面内容的补充说明，因此空格处是“此外”。故选D。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：财务压力会让你感到无助，但通过解决金钱带来的情感问题并养成更健康的习惯，我们可以从危机走向自信。A. addressing解决；B. adding增加；C. shedding去除；D. scripting写脚本。根据下文“the emotional issue of money and building healthier habits, we can move from crisis to confidence”可知，通过解决金钱带来的情感问题并养成更健康的习惯，我们可以从危机走向自信。故选A。 【42题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：下次当你看到诱人的“分三期付款”按钮时，不妨停下来片刻。A. decent体面的；B. tempting诱人的；C. authentic真实的；D. sacred神圣的。根据下文“Pay in 3”可知，“分三期付款”对人来说是诱人的。故选B。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：下次当你看到诱人的“分三期付款”按钮时，不妨停下来片刻。A. pause暂停；B. opt选择；C. wonder想知道；D. doubt怀疑。根据下文“Ask yourself”可知，在看到“分三期付款”按钮时，要停下来问一下自己。故选A。 【44题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们生活在一个金钱无形化的世界里，但它带来的情感代价却是实实在在的。A. vital至关重要的；B. visible可见的；C. intangible无形的；D. overwhelming压倒性的。根据上文“We live in a world where money”和客观事实可知，现在的世界上电子支付手段很多，金钱是无形的。故选C。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们开始关注这一代价——不仅关注以英镑、美元或卢比计算的代价，还要关注压力、羞愧和精神疲惫这些代价，那么我们或许最终会将金钱不仅视为一种资源，更视为一种具有深刻心理意义的东西。A. gratification满足感；B. gratitude感激；C. fraud欺诈；D. fatigue疲劳。根据上文“stress, shame, and mental”可知，此处是指我们要关注压力、羞愧和精神疲惫这些代价。故选D。 Section B （15%） Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） The Road Less Taken to the Nobel Prize Frances Arnold has always been a rebel. Her willingness to question authority and make her own way helped her earn the 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her pioneering work in “directed evolution of enzymes (酶).”Getting there, though, required Arnold to refine her innovative effort in a process that took decades. Arnold, 65, grew up in a conservative family in a suburb of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. At the age of 15, she left home to seek an independent life. She found her own apartment in the city and worked a number of jobs to get by – while still attending high school. The experience taught her valuable life lessons. “I'm not a follower,” she says. “I had to do my thing in my own way and often it was the hard way.” Arnold was eventually reconciled (和解) with her family. She applied to the mechanical engineering department at Princeton University, her dad's alma mater (母校).After graduating in 1979, she briefly took up jobs in solar technology before realizing it was not where her passion lay. Her determination to make a difference, however, remained unchanged. She went back to school to earn advanced degrees in chemical engineering at the University of California at Berkeley When she completed her postdoctoral (博士后的) work there in 1986, Arnold joined the faculty at Caltech (加 州理工学院) and has since been working there in the fields of chemical engineering, bioengineering and biochemistry. In terms of research potential, her timing was perfect. The world of DNA was just opening up. Gene splicing (基因剪接) technology was new. “We were hoping to make the code of life work for us.” Arnold recalls. At the time it was a complicated, laborious process that required knowing which changes in the DNA would lead to whatever traits the researchers wanted to change. To make a useful medicine, for instance, the responsible gene had to be modified. Never one to follow the crowd, she thought she had a better idea—use evolution, because DNA was “composed by evolution over the millennia.” Her vision was to speed it up and make it work for us. “Humans have been creating new forms of life by artificial selection for thousands of years,” she says. “From corn to hairless cats, we've been modifying DNA to serve us by choosing who goes on to parent the next generation.” She decided to breed proteins that had the traits she was interested in. And as it turned out, proteins were able to adapt quickly to new demands that were being placed upon them. “To me, (directed evolution) seemed obvious,” she recalls. This was not true for everyone. “I got a lot of pushback. People were telling me the only proper way was to sit down and design genes.” Despite the pressure, Arnold persevered. In part it was her determination and courage. But she doesn’t claim credit for herself. “Anything I do is small. But I amplify that by sharing ideas with other people,” she says. “They gave me the Nobel Prize really because my ideas were magnified (放大) by so many other people.” 46. What do we know about Arnold's early life from the passage? A. At 15, she left her conservative family, aiming to avoid the old-fashioned ways. B. She took multiple jobs in the city to live a decent life while going to high school. C. Living independently shaped her personality of sticking to her own approach D. She reconciled with her family and was admitted to Princeton as her father wished 47. Why did Arnold's approach to enzyme research face initial doubt? A. It contradicted traditional gene-editing methods B. She lacked formal training and only got perfect timing. C. Directed evolution was considered too expensive. D. Proteins were too quick to adapt to new demands. 48. What was Arnold's altitude toward the criticism of directed evolution method? A. Discouraged and ready to abandon her research. B. Firm yet open to collaborative improvement. C. Indifferent to any external opinions. D. Overconfident in dismissing all opposition 【答案】46. C 47. A 48. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍2018年诺贝尔化学奖得主弗朗西丝·阿诺德的成长经历及酶的定向进化研究历程。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At the age of 15, she left home to seek an independent life. She found her own apartment in the city and worked a number of jobs to get by – while still attending high school.(15岁时，她离开家去寻求独立生活。她在城里找了一处属于自己的公寓，打了好几份工维持生计——同时还在上高中) 以及第三段中的“The experience taught her valuable life lessons. “I'm not a follower,” she says. “I had to do my thing in my own way and often it was the hard way.”(这段经历给了她宝贵的人生教训。“我不是一个随波逐流的人，”她说，“我必须用自己的方式做自己的事，而且往往是艰难的方式”)”可知，独立生活的经历塑造了她坚持自己做事方式的性格。故选C项。 【47题详解】 推理判断题。根据第十段中的““To me, (directed evolution) seemed obvious,” she recalls. This was not true for everyone. “I got a lot of pushback. People were telling me the only proper way was to sit down and design genes.”(“对我来说，（定向进化）似乎是显而易见的，”她回忆道。但并非所有人都这么认为。“我受到了很多阻力。人们告诉我，唯一正确的方法是坐下来设计基因。”)可知，阿诺德的研究方法面临质疑，是因为它与传统的“设计基因”方法相悖。故选A项。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。根据第十一段中的“Despite the pressure, Arnold persevered. In part it was her determination and courage. But she doesn’t claim credit for herself. “Anything I do is small. But I amplify that by sharing ideas with other people,” she says.(尽管面临压力，阿诺德仍坚持不懈。这在一定程度上归功于她的决心与勇气。但她并不将功劳归于自己。“我所做的任何事都微不足道。但我会通过与他人分享想法，让这份努力的影响力得以放大。” 她如此说道。)”可知，阿诺德面对批评时，既坚定坚持自己的研究，又通过与他人合作分享来完善想法。故选B项。 （B） What is allergy? “LEAVES OF THREE, let it be; berries white, take flight.” The old rhyme helps gardeners and hikers identify poison ivy, to which at least three out of four people are allergic (对……过敏的). This rhyme helps to avoid getting a really bad rash (疹子). But some people are allergic to things that are harder to avoid. Pollen (花粉), insect stings and even dust mites (尘螨) are all sources of allergies. Food allergies are also common: Even a small bite of peanuts or shellfish can cause a life-threatening reaction in some people. This begs the question: What causes allergies? It is not the allergens (过敏原), but your body's immune system. The immune system's job is to recognize dangerous substances that enter the body and get rid of them. But sometimes it works too well, going into high alert for something that isn't all that dangerous. You can compare it to a smoke alarm going off every time you cook a pizza. In other words, your immune system starts to fight this small disturbance as if it were a major threat. As a result, an allergic reaction occurs. Most allergies are troublesome, and some can be deadly. When the immune system gets confused about what’s dangerous and what's not, it can cause problems for the whole body. The first time a person encounters an allergen, it may not cause a problem. The immune system learns to recognize the allergen, so it takes time for an allergy to develop. Once recognizing the allergen, the immune system produces antibodies to attack it. Among them, IgE is the type of antibody that causes allergic reactions. IgE antibodies activate chemicals that cause inflammation (发炎) in the body. This inflammation causes symptoms such as a stuffy nose, watery eyes, and rashes. The symptoms depend on the location of inflammation in the body. For example, if it happens in the skin, it can cause a rash; if it happens in the stomach, it can lead to vomiting (呕吐) or diarrhea (腹泻). IgE antibodies are not always harmful, and they help the body fight off parasites (寄生虫). They were extremely important for our ancestors to survive because parasites were widespread in the past. Since most people do not come into contact with parasites now, IgE antibodies have lost their job. As a result, they sometimes get too active and attack the wrong things, causing allergies. 49. The rhyme “Leaves of three, let it be” at the beginning serves primarily to ________ A. illustrate the danger of gardening resulting from poison ivy. B. criticize traditional identification methods against poison ivy. C. introduce common allergy triggers through a memorable example. D. emphasize the importance of poetry in science education. 50. The “smoke alarm” analogy in Paragraph 2 is used to explain ________ A. why allergens physically harm the human body. B. how the immune system overreacts to some substances. C. the way in which parasites are detected by the body. D. why quick medical response really matters. 51. Which statement is TRUE according to the passage? A. Allergic reactions require prior exposure to develop antibodies. B. IgE antibodies can directly cause inflammation without chemical activation. C. Parasite infections remain the primary function of IgE in modern humans. D. Food allergies trigger identical symptoms regardless of body location. 【答案】49. C 50. B 51. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以毒葛为例引出过敏话题，解释过敏反应的原理：免疫系统错误地将无害物质当作威胁，过度反应引发炎症，导致各种症状。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的句子“The old rhyme helps gardeners and hikers identify poison ivy, to which at least three out of four people are allergic (这首古老的歌谣可以帮助园丁和徒步旅行者识别毒葛，至少四分之三的人对毒葛过敏)”可知，这个谚语主要是为了帮助人们识别常见的过敏原——毒葛，从而引出过敏的话题。故选C项。 【50题详解】 词句猜测题。根据下文的句子“In other words, your immune system starts to fight this small disturbance as if it were a major threat (换句话说，你的免疫系统开始把这种小麻烦当作重大威胁来应对。)”可知，“smoke alarm”类比是用来解释免疫系统对某些物质的过度反应。故选B项。 【51题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段的句子“The first time a person encounters an allergen, it may not cause a problem. The immune system learns to recognize the allergen, so it takes time for an allergy to develop (一个人首次接触过敏原时，可能不会引发问题。免疫系统会逐渐学习识别该过敏原，所以过敏反应的产生需要一定时间。)”可知，过敏反应需要先接触过敏原以产生抗体。故选A项。 （C） ① One of prehistory’s most amazing monuments is Stonehenge, England. This huge monument is made of gigantic blocks of stone. Thousands of years have passed since the first blocks of stone were brought to Salisbury Plain but the origins and the meaning of Stonehenge remain a mystery. Through the centuries no one has ever been able to reveal the mysteries hidden behind. ② However, with the invention of radiocarbon dating, scientists were able to tell us that the oldest parts of Stonehenge were built around 5,000 years ago. This makes them older than the pyramids of Egypt. Historians and archaeologists now think that Stonehenge was built in three main phases ③ At the start of the first phase, ancient people dug a large hole in the form of a circle. In the middle of the circle they made a small hill with the earth from the hole. ④ The second phase began before the wheel was invented. Stonehenge was rebuilt using around 80 blocks of stone, each weighing about 4 tons. Archaeologists know that these stones (called bluestones) came from the mountains of South Wales, about 320 kilometres away. But how people transported the bluestones remains a mystery ⑤ During the third phase, the early Bronze Age people decided to rearrange the bluestones to form the circle we see today. They added new, even larger stones (from an area over 30 kilometres away) to form structures called trilithons (two tall stones with a third across the top). ⑥Today about half of the original monument survives. Over the years some stones have fallen and others have been taken away and used for building ⑦ Why did these ancient people devote so much time and energy to this huge monument? What took place at Stonehenge? There have been many theories over the centuries. Today many experts believe that Stonehenge was built as an observatory or a calendar. The British astronomer Sir Norman Lockyer first suggested this in 1901, but many scholars did not agree with him. In 1963 another astronomer, Gerald Hawkins, discovered that the important stones point to different positions of the sun or the moon. He concluded that Stonehenge was an observatory and also a kind of primitive computer. He said that it predicted eclipses and the summer and winter solstices. But there are still many uncertainties. How did the ancient people who built Stonehenge know where to put the stones? How could they calculate the movements of the sun and the moon without the knowledge we have today? Some people even hold the belief that aliens from another world were involved in the construction of Stonehenge. ⑧ Will anyone ever find the right answer to the mystery? 52. Which of the following is False about the construction of Stonehenge? A. The enormous stones contribute to Stonehenge’s status as a magnificent prehistoric monument. B. The third phase repositioned bluestones into a circle and added stones far away for trilithons. C. There has long been controversy over how the bluestones were transported from South Wales. D. Radiocarbon dating suggests completion of the pyramids was prior to Stonehenge’s earliest phase. 53. What did trilithons most likely function as based on the passage? A. Supports for a roof over the central circle. B. Storage spaces for implements used in construction. C. Markers for burial sites around the monument. D. A structure for tracking astronomical movements. 54. What can be inferred from paragraph 6 and 7 about Stonehenge? A. Human removal is believed to have accounted for the loss of half of the stones. B. Thanks to a primitive computer, the monument could precisely predict eclipses. C. Ancient builders likely had advanced astronomical knowledge beyond current understanding. D. Since many things remain mysterious, aliens must have engaged in its completion. 55. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage? A. The construction process of Stonehenge and its historical significance. B. The unsolved mysteries regarding Stonehenge’s purpose and construction. C. The role of astronomers in uncovering Stonehenge’s construction and function. D. The technological limitations of ancient people in transporting massive stones. 【答案】52. D 53. D 54. C 55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国史前巨石阵的建造过程、三个主要阶段的特点以及围绕其目的和建造方式的未解之谜。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“However, with the invention of radiocarbon dating, scientists were able to tell us that the oldest parts of Stonehenge were built around 5,000 years ago. This makes them older than the pyramids of Egypt.(然而，随着放射性碳测年法的发明，科学家们能够告诉我们，巨石阵最古老的部分建于大约5000年前。这使得它们比埃及金字塔还要古老)”可知，Stonehenge的最早部分比埃及金字塔更古老，而不是金字塔的完成先于Stonehenge的最早阶段。故选D项。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段的句子“They added new, even larger stones (from an area over 30 kilometres away) to form structures called trilithons (two tall stones with a third across the top).(他们添加了新的，甚至更大的石头（来自30公里以外的地区），形成了被称为“trilithons”的结构（两块高的石头，第三块横跨顶部）)”和第七段的句子“Today many experts believe that Stonehenge was built as an observatory or a calendar. The British astronomer Sir Norman Lockyer first suggested this in 1901, but many scholars did not agree with him. In 1963 another astronomer, Gerald Hawkins, discovered that the important stones point to different positions of the sun or the moon. He concluded that Stonehenge was an observatory and also a kind of primitive computer. He said that it predicted eclipses and the summer and winter solstices.(今天，许多专家认为巨石阵是作为天文台或日历而建造的。1901年，英国天文学家诺曼·洛克耶爵士首次提出了这一观点，但许多学者并不同意他的观点。1963年，另一位天文学家杰拉尔德·霍金斯发现，这些重要的石头指向太阳或月亮的不同位置。他得出结论，巨石阵是一个天文台，也是一种原始的计算机，他说，它预测日食和夏至和冬至)”可知，trilithons作为天文观测的一部分，用于追踪天文运动。故选D项。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据第七段的句子“How did the ancient people who built Stonehenge know where to put the stones? How could they calculate the movements of the sun and the moon without the knowledge we have today?(建造巨石阵的古人是怎么知道把石头放在哪里的呢？在没有我们今天的知识的情况下，他们怎么能计算出太阳和月亮的运动呢？)”可知，建造巨石阵的古人可以在没有现代知识的情况下计算出太阳和月亮的运动，这表明他们可能拥有超出当前理解的天文知识。故选C项。 【55题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是第一句“One of prehistory’s most amazing monuments is Stonehenge ,England.(史前最令人惊叹的遗迹之一是英国的巨石阵)”和最后一句“Will anyone ever find the right answer to the mystery?(有人能找到这个谜团的正确答案吗？)”可知，文章主要探讨了Stonehenge的建造过程、各个阶段的特点以及围绕其目的和建造方式的未解之谜。故选B项。 Section C （6%） Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then choose the sentences that can be filled into the blanks. Note there are two more sentences than can be used. The Pursuit of True Happiness in David Copperfield David Copperfield by Charles Dickens is more than just a story; it’s a journey through the complexities of life, love, and the pursuit of happiness. David’s early life is filled with hardship. Losing his father before birth and facing mistreatment at the hands of his stepfather, he endures a childhood far from idyllic. This shows that happiness isn’t just about a life without problems but having the strength to overcome obstacles. ____56____ But this experience makes him realize the importance of education and self-improvement, which later becomes a cornerstone of his pursuit of happiness. Love plays a crucial role in David’s search for happiness. His first love, Dora, is a charming but somewhat impractical girl. Dora’s lack of domestic skills and practicality cause some friction in their marriage. This shows that while love is important, a successful relationship requires more than just passion. ____57____ As David matures, his perspective on happiness evolves. His friendship with Agnes has been a constant support throughout his life, and he eventually comes to see her as his soulmate. Their relationship is built on mutual respect, trust, and a shared vision of life. This shift in David’s romantic life teaches us that happiness in love can be found in a partner who complements us and helps us become better versions of ourselves. ____58____ But his determination and talent lead him to become a successful writer. When he writes, he not only expresses himself but also touches the lives of others. This sense of purpose and accomplishment adds a significant dimension to his happiness. The novel also emphasizes the importance of family and friendship. David’s relationship with his aunt Betsey is a prime example. Despite her initial gruff exterior, she becomes a loving and supportive figure in his life. His friendship with Tommy Traddles is another source of joy. They support each other through thick and thin, sharing their dreams and sorrows. This shows that a strong support system of family and friends can bring warmth and happiness into our lives. In conclusion, David Copperfield presents a multi-faceted view of happiness. ____59____. Dickens shows us that true happiness comes from within, from the relationships we build, the work we do, and our ability to find meaning in the ordinary and extraordinary moments of life. A. It’s not a single destination but a continuous journey filled with love, loss, growth, and self-discovery. B. This period of manual labor exposes him to the harsh realities of the working class. C. It needs understanding shared goals and the ability to grow together. D. For instance, when David is sent to work in a boot-blacking factory at a young age, it seems like the end of the world E. However, it is a successful career that is the ultimate source of one’s life satisfaction. F. In terms of career, David starts with humble beginnings as a clerk 【答案】56. D 57. C 58. F 59. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇文学评论。文章主要围绕《大卫・科波菲尔》一书进行了评论，主要讲述了小说通过大卫童年苦难、爱情成长、事业起步及亲友支持，展现其对真正幸福的追寻，阐释幸福是多维度的，源于内心、关系、工作与生活意义。 56题详解】 上文“David’s early life is filled with hardship. Losing his father before birth and facing mistreatment at the hands of his stepfather, be endures a childhood far from idyllic. This shows that happiness isn’t just about a life without problems but having the strength to overcome obstacles.(大卫的早年生活充满艰辛。他出生前父亲便离世，还遭受继父的虐待，童年远非无忧无虑。这一经历表明，幸福并非意味着生活毫无波澜，而是拥有克服困境的勇气。)”提到了大卫童年充满苦难，并指出幸福不仅是生活无虞，更是有克服困难的勇气。选项D“For instance. when David is sent to work in a boot-blacking factory at a young age, it seems like the end of the world(例如，当大卫年幼时被送去鞋油厂工作，那仿佛是世界末日。)”举例承接了上文关于苦难的话题，提供了具体的实例，符合逻辑。故填D。 【57题详解】 上文“Love plays a crucial role in David’s search for happiness. His first love, Dora, is a charming but somewhat impractical girl. Dora’s lack of domestic skills and practicality cause some fiction in their marriage. This shows that while love is important, a successful relationship requires more than just passion.(爱情在大卫的幸福追寻之路上扮演着关键角色。他的初恋多拉是个迷人却略显不切实际的女孩。多拉缺乏持家能力与务实精神，这使得他们的婚姻出现了一些摩擦。这说明，尽管爱情至关重要，但一段成功的感情关系所需的远不止一腔热忱。)”围绕大卫与多拉的爱情展开，指出爱情很重要，但成功的关系不止需要激情。选项C“It needs understanding shared goals. and the ability to-grow together.(它需要理解、共同的目标以及共同成长的能力。)”自然延续上文内容，且“理解、共同目标、共同成长”正是对上文“爱不止需要激情”的具体阐释，符合逻辑。故选C。 【58题详解】 下文“But his determination and talent lead him to become a successful writer. (但凭借坚定的意志与过人的天赋，他最终成为了一名成功的作家。)”用“but”表示转折，由此可推测，空处需描述大卫“成功前的不顺或平凡起点”，与后文的“成功”形成对比。选项F“In terms of career, David starts with humble beginnings as-a-clerk(在事业方面，大卫从一个卑微的职员起步。)”以“卑微的职员”描述了成功前的平凡起点，与后文“成为成功作家”的转折关系完全契合，符合逻辑。故选F。 【59题详解】 上文“In conclusion, David Copperfield presents a multi-faceted view of happiness.(总而言之，《大卫・科波菲尔》展现了对幸福的多维度理解。)”总结《大卫・科波菲尔》呈现了多维度的幸福观；而下文“Dickens shows us that true happiness comes from within, from the relationships we build, the work we do, and our ability to find meaning in the ordinary and extraordinary moments of life. (狄更斯通过这部作品告诉我们，真正的幸福源于内心，源于我们所建立的人际关系，源于我们所从事的工作，更源于我们在平凡与非凡的生活瞬间中找寻意义的能力。)”进一步阐释狄更斯告诉我们，真正的幸福源于内心、人际关系、工作，以及在平凡与非凡时刻中找到意义。选项A“It’s not a single destination but a continuous journey filled with love, loss, growth, and self-discovery. (它不是一个单一的终点，而是一段充满爱、失去、成长和自我发现的持续旅程。)”中的“it”指的正是上文提到的“happiness”，同时与小说中大卫从苦难到成长、从懵懂到成熟的人生旅程高度契合，作为总结段的过渡句恰到好处。故选A。 第Ⅱ卷 （19分） V. Translation （19%:3%+3%+4%+4%+5%） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 60. 一旦基本需求得到满足，物质财富就变得没有那么必要了。 _____________________________________________________ 【答案】Once basic needs are met, material wealth becomes less necessary. 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句和时态。句子描述一般性的事实，用一般现在时；表示“一旦……就……”用once引导条件状语从句，“基本需求”可用名词短语basic needs作从句主语，“满足”为动词meet，主语为复数，与动词meet之间为被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，“得到满足”表达为are met；“物质财富”表达为material wealth作主句主语，“变得没有那么必要了”表达为become less necessary，主语为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数；故翻译为：Once basic needs are met, material wealth becomes less necessary. 61. 有机农产品与延年益寿挂钩成了其热销的推手。（associate） _____________________________________________________ 【答案】The link between organic agricultural products and longevity has become a driving force behind their popularity. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和短语。“有机农产品”译为organic agricultural products，“延年益寿”译为longevity， “与……挂钩” 译为the link between...and...，准确体现两者间的关联关系，符合英文表达习惯；“构成了”可以理解为“成为”，译为become，根据句意，表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，主语link是单数，谓语动词用单数，“热销的推手” 译为a driving force behind their popularity，driving force 强调“推动因素”，popularity 对应“热销”（即产品受青睐的状态），可采用“The link...has become a driving force...”的主谓宾结构。故译为The link between organic agricultural products and longevity has become a driving force behind their popularity. 62. 这位一度罹患癌症的选手勇夺三连冠，创造了奇迹，令人惊叹不已。（blow） _____________________________________________________ 【答案】This athlete who had once suffered from cancer won three consecutive championships, creating a miracle that blew everyone away. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和定语从句。“这位一度罹患癌症的选手勇夺三连冠”中的“一度罹患癌症的”可用关系代词who引导的定语从句表达，修饰“选手”；名词athlete表示“运动员、选手”，动词短语suffer from表示“遭受（疾病）”，“三连冠”可译为three consecutive championships；该句中主句“勇夺三连冠”表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，故谓语部分应译为won three consecutive championships；从句中“一度罹患癌症”发生于“勇夺三连冠”之前，故用过去完成时，副词once表示“一度、曾经”，故从句谓语部分可译为had once suffered from cancer，故该句译为This athlete who had once suffered from cancer won three consecutive championships。“创造了奇迹”可译为create a miracle，作动词won的伴随状语，故用现在分词形式，“令人惊叹不已”可用关系代词that引导的定语从句表达，修饰名词miracle，动词短语blow sb away表示“令人大为惊讶”，表示过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，故译为creating a miracle that blew everyone away。故全句译为This athlete who had once suffered from cancer won three consecutive championships, creating a miracle that blew everyone away.。 63. 直到被现实彻底打败，他才意识到在关键时刻互相迁就是多么重要。（It） _____________________________________________________ 【答案】It was not until he was completely defeated by reality that he realized how important it was to make mutual concessions at critical moments. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态，强调句型和短语。 根据句意，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，题目要求用It 开头，因此采用“It was not until...that...”这一强调句型，对应中文“直到……才……”的逻辑，突出“被现实打败”这一前提条件的关键性。其中it 作形式主语，构成强调句型。 “（他）被现实彻底打败” 译为he was completely defeated by reality，completely 强化“彻底”的程度，defeate“打败”，“互相迁就”译为make mutual concessions，mutual 明确“双方的”，concessions 指“为达成共识而做出的妥协、迁就”，“在关键时刻” 译为 at critical moments，critical“至关重要的”，主句he realized“他意识到”后接宾语从句how important it was to...“……是多么重要”，其中it 作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to make mutual concessions...。故译为It was not until he was completely defeated by reality that he realized how important it was to make mutual concessions at critical moments. 64. 这位专家为监测濒危物种呕心沥血，为保护生物多样性做出卓越贡献，值得我们由衷赞赏。(So) _____________________________________________________ 【答案】So dedicated is the expert to monitoring endangered species and so outstanding are his contributions to the protection of biodiversity that he deserves our sincere admiration. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和状语从句。so...that...引导结果状语从句，将“so+形容词”置于句首时，句子需部分倒装。“为……呕心沥血”用短语be dedicated to...，其中to是介词；“监测濒危物种”翻译为monitor endangered species；“对……的贡献”用短语contributions to...；“保护生物多样性”翻译为the protection of biodiversity；“值得”用动词deserve；“由衷赞赏”翻译为sincere admiration 。陈述现在事实，用一般现在时。故翻译为So dedicated is the expert to monitoring endangered species and so outstanding are his contributions to the protection of biodiversity that he deserves our sincere admiration. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 上海市延安中学2025学年第一学期质量调研 高二年级英语试卷 （时间：90分钟 满分：100分） 第I卷 （81分） I. Listening Comprehension （15%） Section A （5%） Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, α question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper. and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1.A. Stay indoors. B. Clean the wastes. C. Go for a bike ride. D. Air the room. 2.A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. D. Boss and secretary. 3.A. Daniel works effectively. B. Daniel sleeps well. C. Daniel makes full use of energy. D. The woman wants to know Daniel. 4.A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Twelve. 5.A. He doesn't have a car. B. He left the car at the garage. C. He will not be available. D. He will have dinner with the professor. 6.A. He misses the woman. B. He hasn't gone fishing for a long time. C. He went fishing last night. D. He thinks the woman knows him well. 7.A. She expected more people at her party. B. She enjoyed entertaining small children. C. She threw a surprise party for her friend. D. She has always enjoyed great popularity. 8.A. He can only speak English. B. He cannot speak Japanese. C. He can speak three languages. D. He has visited many foreign countries. 9.A. John knows a lot about restaurants. B. John wrote a book about restaurants. C. John used to work in a restaurant. D. John knows little about restaurants. 10.A. Uneasy. B. Angry. C. All right. D. Good. Section B(10%) Directions: In Section B, you will hear several short passages and longer conversations, and you will be asked some questions on each of the passages and the conversations. The passages and the conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you've heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. To show different lines. B. To make the world colorful. C. To attract more passengers. D. To tell one nation from another. 12. A. They are not colors. B. They are symbols of night and day. C. They are primary colors. D. They have some particular meanings 13. A. The meanings of black and white colors. B. The usefulness of colors in people's life. C. The importance of colors in different countries. D. Different countries use colors in different ways. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. An educator B. A fund manager C. An automobile worker. D. A seed shop clerk. 15. A. At first discouraging and later regretful. B. At first kind and later sympathetic. C. At first annoyed and later impressive. D. At first unconcerned and later highly supportive. 16. A. By growing a crop of peanuts. B. By starting a school. C. By investing in automobile industry D. By handing the money back to Mr. Ford. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. A new student and an old student. B. Students learning Spanish C. Students learning English: D. A teacher and a student 18. A. During a break between classes. B. On the first day of the semester C. In the first class of the semester. D. At the end of the semester 19. A. From a notice B. From a university brochure. C. From the reception desk. D. From the information centre. 20. A. To go to a meeting room. B. To go to Room 110. C. To go to Room 290. D. To go to Room 310. II. Grammar and Vocabulary （30%） Section A （10%） Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Narcissism is a psychological condition defined as an obsession with the self and extreme cases may be diagnosed as narcissistic personality disorder （NPD） According to some psychoanalysts, almost all people begin life with some degree of self-obsession. Since babies are born helpless, their physical and emotional needs____1____ be addressed by the people surrounding them. In the infant’s mind, this translates to a deeply held belief ____2____ he is the center of the world, known as primary narcissism. This belief ____3____ （usually leave）behind as children grow older and become more independent. People with mild symptoms may actually benefit from their self-interested tendencies. According to some studies, mild narcissists tend to experience less stress, self-doubt, and remorse than non-narcissists. Their feeling of self-importance and invulnerability makes them ____4____ （likely) to suffer from depression and more likely to pursue their dreams and goals. Those with clinical NPD, however, can have difficult and frustrating lives. In extreme cases, they may be simply unable to understand why the world does not work according to their beliefs. Despite a desire for strong personal relationships, they may be unable to maintain them ____5____ their self-obsession. In rare cases, the ability ____6____ （justify) any behavior for personal gain may be so strong that a narcissist may find himself ____7____ （engage）in manipulative, criminal, or violent acts. Psychotherapy is often recommended as the first line of treatment for this condition. Cognitive behavioral therapy, ____8____ focuses on identifying and ____9____(alter) unhealthy behavioral patterns, can also be very helpful in constructing a healthier lifestyle. How effective these treatments usually depend on how severe the condition is. ____10____ fully defeating narcissistic urges may not always be possible, psychotherapy creates an open forum to discuss related issues and manage the problems caused by this condition. Section B （10%） Directions: Complete the sentences with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once. There is one extra that you do not need. A. panel B. customize C. follow the herd D. take the edge off E. ultimately F. polish G. prosperity H. genuinely I. privilege J. vehicle K. stretch 11. Whatever the scientists ________ conclude, all of their data will immediately be challenged. 12. In response to the growing demand for personalized experiences, many companies are trying to ________ their products. 13. The expert ________ discussing the future of Al in the tech conference made some groundbreaking predictions. 14. In the world of cryptocurrency investment, many immature investors tend to ________. 15. The new documentary series on streaming services is a remarkable ________ for presenting the untold stories of marginalized communities. 16. It often takes writers, whether prominent ones or greenhands, a great deal of time to ________ their manuscripts. 17. The new government policies are aimed at promoting economic ________, with initiatives to boost small-and medium-sized enterprises. 18. Having access to high-quality education should never be a(n) ________ for the wealthy few. 19. It is encouraging to see that many celebrities are ________ using their influence to raise awareness about important social issues. 20. The sudden influx of new competitors in the electric vehicle market is starting to ________ Tesla’s once-dominant market advantage. Section C （10%） Directions: Complete the passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. There is one extra that you do not need. A. resonate B. moderate C. modest D. assumption E. association F. credited G. monitored H. spell I. respectful J. insight K. respective Archimedes had his eureka moment in the bath. Sir Isaac Newton claimed his breakthroughs were achieved by standing on the shoulders of giants. Descartes (笛卡尔) ____21____his foundational ideas to divine (神圣的) enlightenment that empowered human reason. For ordinary people, however, the surest path to sudden ____22____ may be a good nap. A study suggests that a 20-minute snooze (打盹儿) can boost problem-solving ability by more than 50 per cent but only if you achieve a state of rest known as N2 sleep. N2 is a stage of light-to ____23____ sleep that comes after you first drift off. During N2 sleep, brain waves slow down, with occasional bursts of activity known as sleep spindles, which are thought to help with memory and learning. To test the ____24____, a research team from Hamburg University first invited a group of participants to nap for 20 minutes while their brain waves were ____25____ via electroencephalogram (EEG), which showed whether they had reached N2 sleep. The participants were then asked to watch a cloud of orange or purple dots on a screen. They had to press one of two keys as quickly as they could to indicate the direction in which the dots were travelling. At first, the color did not correlate with movement direction. After a while, however, the color began predicting direction, enabling faster responses and the participants were assessed on their ability to spontaneously identify the ____26____. Among N2 sleepers, 86% detected the link, versus 56% of awake participants. Of course, there are limitations: the sample size was ____27____, with only 90 participants and the task’s artificial design. No one, as yet, has proven that a brief ____28____ of N2 sleep will help you write a sonnet (十四行诗), or understand Einstein’s theory of general relativity However, the researchers believe that the findings will ____29____ with most people. “I think a lot of us have made the subjective experience of having important realizations after a short nap,” said one of the lead authors. Next time you’re caught napping at your desk, try explaining you’re optimizing cognitive performance through strategic N2 sleep. If met with skepticism, cite the Hamburg study with a ____30____ footnote to your teacher! II. Reading Comprehension （36%） Section A （15%） Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B. C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context The Psychology of Money in a Buy Now Pay Later World Not long ago, you had to physically hand over cash to buy something. You witnessed it ____31____ your wallet. But you can now pay for a new phone in three instalments (分期付款) and barely notice the difference. We are becoming increasingly free of the emotional burden of spending and our mental health is being profoundly affected by this quiet shift. The popularity of Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) plans has skyrocketed. They promise freedom and flexibility, but the ease of use can deceive our minds. When payment is deferred or divided into smaller payments, we are wired to feel less emotionally ____32____. When the act of paying is separated from the act of purchasing, we are more likely to overspend. This psychological ____33____ allows people to underestimate the long-term cost of their spending and often leads to ____34____ financial decisions. In societies where digital credit is easily ____35____ but financial education is limited, these behaviors can spiral into chronic debt. This impulsivity isn’t ____36____; it’s deeply rooted in our psychology because money isn’t just about maths; it has to do with meaning. We buy things to feel better, to belong, or to prove we’re doing well — even if the reality looks very different. When we shop to alleviate sadness, boredom, stress, or low self-worth, we are engaging in emotional spending. ____37____ the brief relief it may provide, it frequently results in deeper shame, particularly when the financial influence becomes apparent. This shame can prevent individuals from seeking help, causing long-lasting financial and emotional stress. People frequently do not ____38____ what they are agreeing to in a world of stylish apps and approval with a single ____39____. Financial literacy remains uneven in emerging economies, particularly among younger populations. Understanding compound interest is important, but understanding why we spend the way we do is just as important. ____40____, identity, self-esteem, and emotional regulation are all closely linked to financial behaviors. We need to talk about money more often not just how to make it, but how we feel about it. Therapists should be able to ask about financial stress with confidence. Financial education ought to be people’s feelings of isolation and shame. Financial stress can make you feel helpless, but by ____41____ the emotional issue of money and building healthier habits, we can move from crisis to confidence. The next time you see the ____42____ “Pay in 3” button, take a moment to ____43____. Ask yourself: Do I really need this? Or do I just need to feel better? We live in a world where money is ____44____, but the emotional price it brings is very, very real. If we start noticing that cost — not just in pounds, dollars, or rupees, but in stress, shame, and mental ____45____ we might finally treat money not only as a resource, but as something deeply psychological. 31. A. amplify B. emerge C. exit D. enter 32. A. drained B. obsessed C. horrified D. unprovoked 33. A. association B. disconnection C. assumption D. distribution 34. A. intrusive B. intuitive C. impulsive D. intensive 35. A. understandable B. unpredictable C. adaptable D. accessible 36. A. obsessive B. greedy C. random D. passionate 37. A. In spite of B. In terms of C. In contrast to D. In addition to 38. A. acknowledge B. comprehend C. interpret D. oppose 39. A. word B. thought C. tap D. move 40. A. However B. Therefore C. Contrarily D. Additionally 41. A. addressing B. adding C. shedding D. scripting 42. A. decent B. tempting C. authentic D. sacred 43 A. pause B. opt C. wonder D. doubt 44. A. vital B. visible C. intangible D. overwhelming 45. A. gratification B. gratitude C. fraud D. fatigue Section B （15%） Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） The Road Less Taken to the Nobel Prize Frances Arnold has always been a rebel. Her willingness to question authority and make her own way helped her earn the 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her pioneering work in “directed evolution of enzymes (酶).”Getting there, though, required Arnold to refine her innovative effort in a process that took decades. Arnold, 65, grew up in a conservative family in a suburb of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. At the age of 15, she left home to seek an independent life. She found her own apartment in the city and worked a number of jobs to get by – while still attending high school. The experience taught her valuable life lessons. “I'm not a follower,” she says. “I had to do my thing in my own way and often it was the hard way.” Arnold was eventually reconciled (和解) with her family. She applied to the mechanical engineering department at Princeton University, her dad's alma mater (母校).After graduating in 1979, she briefly took up jobs in solar technology before realizing it was not where her passion lay. Her determination to make a difference, however, remained unchanged. She went back to school to earn advanced degrees in chemical engineering at the University of California at Berkeley When she completed her postdoctoral (博士后的) work there in 1986, Arnold joined the faculty at Caltech (加 州理工学院) and has since been working there in the fields of chemical engineering, bioengineering and biochemistry. In terms of research potential, her timing was perfect. The world of DNA was just opening up. Gene splicing (基因剪接) technology was new. “We were hoping to make the code of life work for us.” Arnold recalls. At the time it was a complicated, laborious process that required knowing which changes in the DNA would lead to whatever traits the researchers wanted to change. To make a useful medicine, for instance, the responsible gene had to be modified. Never one to follow the crowd, she thought she had a better idea—use evolution, because DNA was “composed by evolution over the millennia.” Her vision was to speed it up and make it work for us. “Humans have been creating new forms of life by artificial selection for thousands of years,” she says. “From corn to hairless cats, we've been modifying DNA to serve us by choosing who goes on to parent the next generation.” She decided to breed proteins that had the traits she was interested in. And as it turned out, proteins were able to adapt quickly to new demands that were being placed upon them. “To me, (directed evolution) seemed obvious,” she recalls. This was not true for everyone. “I got a lot of pushback. People were telling me the only proper way was to sit down and design genes.” Despite the pressure, Arnold persevered. In part it was her determination and courage. But she doesn’t claim credit for herself. “Anything I do is small. But I amplify that by sharing ideas with other people,” she says. “They gave me the Nobel Prize really because my ideas were magnified (放大) by so many other people.” 46. What do we know about Arnold's early life from the passage? A. At 15, she left her conservative family, aiming to avoid the old-fashioned ways. B. She took multiple jobs in the city to live a decent life while going to high school. C. Living independently shaped her personality of sticking to her own approach D. She reconciled with her family and was admitted to Princeton as her father wished 47 Why did Arnold's approach to enzyme research face initial doubt? A. It contradicted traditional gene-editing methods B. She lacked formal training and only got perfect timing. C. Directed evolution was considered too expensive. D. Proteins were too quick to adapt to new demands. 48. What was Arnold's altitude toward the criticism of directed evolution method? A. Discouraged and ready to abandon her research. B. Firm yet open to collaborative improvement. C. Indifferent to any external opinions. D. Overconfident in dismissing all opposition （B） What is allergy? “LEAVES OF THREE, let it be; berries white, take flight.” The old rhyme helps gardeners and hikers identify poison ivy, to which at least three out of four people are allergic (对……过敏的). This rhyme helps to avoid getting a really bad rash (疹子). But some people are allergic to things that are harder to avoid. Pollen (花粉), insect stings and even dust mites (尘螨) are all sources of allergies. Food allergies are also common: Even a small bite of peanuts or shellfish can cause a life-threatening reaction in some people. This begs the question: What causes allergies? It is not the allergens (过敏原), but your body's immune system. The immune system's job is to recognize dangerous substances that enter the body and get rid of them. But sometimes it works too well, going into high alert for something that isn't all that dangerous. You can compare it to a smoke alarm going off every time you cook a pizza. In other words, your immune system starts to fight this small disturbance as if it were a major threat. As a result, an allergic reaction occurs. Most allergies are troublesome, and some can be deadly. When the immune system gets confused about what’s dangerous and what's not, it can cause problems for the whole body. The first time a person encounters an allergen, it may not cause a problem. The immune system learns to recognize the allergen, so it takes time for an allergy to develop. Once recognizing the allergen, the immune system produces antibodies to attack it. Among them, IgE is the type of antibody that causes allergic reactions. IgE antibodies activate chemicals that cause inflammation (发炎) in the body. This inflammation causes symptoms such as a stuffy nose, watery eyes, and rashes. The symptoms depend on the location of inflammation in the body. For example, if it happens in the skin, it can cause a rash; if it happens in the stomach, it can lead to vomiting (呕吐) or diarrhea (腹泻). IgE antibodies are not always harmful, and they help the body fight off parasites (寄生虫). They were extremely important for our ancestors to survive because parasites were widespread in the past. Since most people do not come into contact with parasites now, IgE antibodies have lost their job. As a result, they sometimes get too active and attack the wrong things, causing allergies. 49. The rhyme “Leaves of three, let it be” at the beginning serves primarily to ________ A. illustrate the danger of gardening resulting from poison ivy. B. criticize traditional identification methods against poison ivy. C. introduce common allergy triggers through a memorable example. D. emphasize the importance of poetry in science education. 50. The “smoke alarm” analogy in Paragraph 2 is used to explain ________ A. why allergens physically harm the human body. B. how the immune system overreacts to some substances. C. the way in which parasites are detected by the body. D. why quick medical response really matters. 51. Which statement is TRUE according to the passage? A. Allergic reactions require prior exposure to develop antibodies. B. IgE antibodies can directly cause inflammation without chemical activation. C. Parasite infections remain the primary function of IgE in modern humans. D. Food allergies trigger identical symptoms regardless of body location. （C） ① One of prehistory’s most amazing monuments is Stonehenge, England. This huge monument is made of gigantic blocks of stone. Thousands of years have passed since the first blocks of stone were brought to Salisbury Plain but the origins and the meaning of Stonehenge remain a mystery. Through the centuries no one has ever been able to reveal the mysteries hidden behind. ② However, with the invention of radiocarbon dating, scientists were able to tell us that the oldest parts of Stonehenge were built around 5,000 years ago. This makes them older than the pyramids of Egypt. Historians and archaeologists now think that Stonehenge was built in three main phases ③ At the start of the first phase, ancient people dug a large hole in the form of a circle. In the middle of the circle they made a small hill with the earth from the hole. ④ The second phase began before the wheel was invented. Stonehenge was rebuilt using around 80 blocks of stone, each weighing about 4 tons. Archaeologists know that these stones (called bluestones) came from the mountains of South Wales, about 320 kilometres away. But how people transported the bluestones remains a mystery ⑤ During the third phase, the early Bronze Age people decided to rearrange the bluestones to form the circle we see today. They added new, even larger stones (from an area over 30 kilometres away) to form structures called trilithons (two tall stones with a third across the top). ⑥Today about half of the original monument survives. Over the years some stones have fallen and others have been taken away and used for building ⑦ Why did these ancient people devote so much time and energy to this huge monument? What took place at Stonehenge? There have been many theories over the centuries. Today many experts believe that Stonehenge was built as an observatory or a calendar. The British astronomer Sir Norman Lockyer first suggested this in 1901, but many scholars did not agree with him. In 1963 another astronomer, Gerald Hawkins, discovered that the important stones point to different positions of the sun or the moon. He concluded that Stonehenge was an observatory and also a kind of primitive computer. He said that it predicted eclipses and the summer and winter solstices. But there are still many uncertainties. How did the ancient people who built Stonehenge know where to put the stones? How could they calculate the movements of the sun and the moon without the knowledge we have today? Some people even hold the belief that aliens from another world were involved in the construction of Stonehenge. ⑧ Will anyone ever find the right answer to the mystery? 52 Which of the following is False about the construction of Stonehenge? A. The enormous stones contribute to Stonehenge’s status as a magnificent prehistoric monument. B. The third phase repositioned bluestones into a circle and added stones far away for trilithons. C. There has long been controversy over how the bluestones were transported from South Wales. D. Radiocarbon dating suggests completion of the pyramids was prior to Stonehenge’s earliest phase. 53. What did trilithons most likely function as based on the passage? A. Supports for a roof over the central circle. B. Storage spaces for implements used in construction. C. Markers for burial sites around the monument. D. A structure for tracking astronomical movements. 54 What can be inferred from paragraph 6 and 7 about Stonehenge? A. Human removal is believed to have accounted for the loss of half of the stones. B. Thanks to a primitive computer, the monument could precisely predict eclipses. C. Ancient builders likely had advanced astronomical knowledge beyond current understanding. D. Since many things remain mysterious, aliens must have engaged in its completion. 55. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage? A. The construction process of Stonehenge and its historical significance. B. The unsolved mysteries regarding Stonehenge’s purpose and construction. C. The role of astronomers in uncovering Stonehenge’s construction and function. D. The technological limitations of ancient people in transporting massive stones. Section C （6%） Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then choose the sentences that can be filled into the blanks. Note there are two more sentences than can be used. The Pursuit of True Happiness in David Copperfield David Copperfield by Charles Dickens is more than just a story; it’s a journey through the complexities of life, love, and the pursuit of happiness. David’s early life is filled with hardship. Losing his father before birth and facing mistreatment at the hands of his stepfather, he endures a childhood far from idyllic. This shows that happiness isn’t just about a life without problems but having the strength to overcome obstacles. ____56____ But this experience makes him realize the importance of education and self-improvement, which later becomes a cornerstone of his pursuit of happiness. Love plays a crucial role in David’s search for happiness. His first love, Dora, is a charming but somewhat impractical girl. Dora’s lack of domestic skills and practicality cause some friction in their marriage. This shows that while love is important, a successful relationship requires more than just passion. ____57____ As David matures, his perspective on happiness evolves. His friendship with Agnes has been a constant support throughout his life, and he eventually comes to see her as his soulmate. Their relationship is built on mutual respect, trust, and a shared vision of life. This shift in David’s romantic life teaches us that happiness in love can be found in a partner who complements us and helps us become better versions of ourselves. ____58____ But his determination and talent lead him to become a successful writer. When he writes, he not only expresses himself but also touches the lives of others. This sense of purpose and accomplishment adds a significant dimension to his happiness. The novel also emphasizes the importance of family and friendship. David’s relationship with his aunt Betsey is a prime example. Despite her initial gruff exterior, she becomes a loving and supportive figure in his life. His friendship with Tommy Traddles is another source of joy. They support each other through thick and thin, sharing their dreams and sorrows. This shows that a strong support system of family and friends can bring warmth and happiness into our lives. In conclusion, David Copperfield presents a multi-faceted view of happiness. ____59____. Dickens shows us that true happiness comes from within, from the relationships we build, the work we do, and our ability to find meaning in the ordinary and extraordinary moments of life. A. It’s not a single destination but a continuous journey filled with love, loss, growth, and self-discovery. B. This period of manual labor exposes him to the harsh realities of the working class. C. It needs understanding shared goals and the ability to grow together. D. For instance, when David is sent to work in a boot-blacking factory at a young age, it seems like the end of the world E. However, it is a successful career that is the ultimate source of one’s life satisfaction. F. In terms of career, David starts with humble beginnings as a clerk 第Ⅱ卷 （19分） V. Translation （19%:3%+3%+4%+4%+5%） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 60. 一旦基本需求得到满足，物质财富就变得没有那么必要了。 _____________________________________________________ 61. 有机农产品与延年益寿挂钩成了其热销的推手。（associate） _____________________________________________________ 62. 这位一度罹患癌症的选手勇夺三连冠，创造了奇迹，令人惊叹不已。（blow） _____________________________________________________ 63. 直到被现实彻底打败，他才意识到在关键时刻互相迁就是多么重要。（It） _____________________________________________________ 64. 这位专家为监测濒危物种呕心沥血，为保护生物多样性做出卓越贡献，值得我们由衷赞赏。(So) _____________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $