Unit 5 Meet my friends（知识清单）英语冀教版三起四年级上册（新教材）

Unit 5 Meet my friends知 识 归 纳 语音语调 字母y在单词中发/i/音: family party twenty healthy happy candy 特殊疑问句的语调是降调。 How many people are there in your family? ↘ Who are they? ↘ 必记单词 四会 grandfather(外)祖父 grandmother(外)祖母 aunt婶母;舅母;伯母;姑母;姨母 cousin同辈表亲(或堂亲) uncle叔父;舅父;伯父;姑父;姨父 thirty三十 forty四十 fifty五十 seventy七十 eighty八十 sixty六十 birthday生日 candle蜡烛 cake蛋糕 piano 钢琴 photo照片 baby婴儿 health健康 wish愿望 gift礼物 party聚会;派对 flower花 garden花园 chess棋 noon中午 visit看望;参观 water浇水 buy买 care照顾;关心 close合上;关闭 wish希望 三会 delicious美味的 along一起 always总是 常考短语 play Chinese chess 下中国象棋 cook delicious food做美味的食物 stay healthy and happy保持健康快乐 play the piano弹钢琴 play games with sb.和某人一起玩游戏 fly a kite放风筝 water flower 浇花 family photo 家庭照片 take care of照顾某人 buy for为……买东西 a loving family一个充满爱的家庭 go fishing去钓鱼 in the evening在晚上 make a wish许愿 help sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事 write stories读故事 a happy old man一个开心的老爷爷 wish sb. do sth.希望某人做某事 Birthday party生日聚会 close one's eyes闭上某人的眼睛 make a wish许愿 必会句型 1.How many people are there in your family? 你们家有多少人 2.There are ten of us. 我们有10个人 3.Who are they? 他们是谁? 4.They are my grandfather and my grandmother. 他们是我的祖父和祖母。 5.Are they your uncle and aunt? 他们是你的伯父和伯母吗? 6.My uncle cooks delicious food for us. 我的叔叔为我们做美味的食物。 7.We have a family birthday party at noon. 我们中午举办一场家庭生日派对。 8.My grandfather closes his eyes and makes a wish 我的祖父闭上眼睛许愿。 9.My father and I water vegetables and flowers in the garden. 我爸爸和我在花园里浇蔬菜和花。 核心语法 1.动词的第三人称单数。当主语是第三人称单数时,动词变为第三人称单数形式,一般在动词原形后加-s。 2.基数词的用法 3.用how many询问某人家里的人数 4. Who are they/is this?询问人物身份 考 点 速 记 考点 01 动词的第三人称单数 My father helps us learn.我的父亲帮助我们学习。 My mother takes care of our health. 我母亲负责我们的健康事宜。 My aunt buys things for my grandparents.我的姨妈会为我的祖父母购买物品。 My uncle cooks delicious food for us. 我叔叔为我们烹饪美味的食物。 一、什么是“第三人称单数”主语？ 简单来说，就是除了“我(I)”、“你(you)”和“我们(we)”、“你们(you)”之外的所有单数人称和事物。 ·具体包括：He (他) She (她) It (它) ·单个人名/称谓: Tom（汤姆）, My mother（我妈妈）, The teacher（老师） ·单数名词: A dog（一条狗）, The book（这本书）, This computer（这台电脑） ·不可数名词: Water（水）, Information（信息） 二. 如何构成第三人称单数形式？ 绝大多数动词的第三人称单数形式是在动词原形后面加 -s。 动词原形 第三人称单数形式 例句 work work-s He works in a bank. （他在银行工作。） play play-s She plays the piano. （她弹钢琴。） run run-s The dog runs fast. （那条狗跑得很快。） 三、 特殊的拼写规则 1. 以 -s, -sh, -ch, -x, -o 结尾的动词：加 -es 动词原形 第三人称单数形式 例句 wash wash-es He washes his car on Sunday. teach teach-es Mr. Smith teaches us English. go go-es It goes very well. （进展很顺利。） do do-es She does her homework every night. 2. 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的动词：变 y 为 i，再加 -es 动词原形 第三人称单数形式 例句 study stud-ies He studies Chinese. try tr-ies The baby tries to walk. carry carr-ies She carries a heavy bag. 3. 不规则变化 有两个非常重要的不规则动词： have - has I have a pen. - She has a pen. be - is I am here. - He is here. 提分练 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1.She (go) ____________ to school by bus every day. 2.My father (watch) ____________ TV in the evening. 3.He (study) ____________ English very hard. 4.The sun (rise) ____________ in the east. 5.Jane (do) ____________ her homework after dinner. 二、选择题 1.She ____ to music on her way home. A. listen B. listens C. listening 2.He ____ his teeth three times a day. A. brush B. brushes C. brushs 3.The dog ____ very fast. A. run B. runs C. runes 4.Tom ____ a large family. A. have B. has C. haves 5.Water ____ at 100 degrees Celsius. A. boil B. boils C. boiling 三、改错题（找出句中的错误并改正） 1.She don't like coffee. 2.He play basketball every weekend. 3.My mother say I should drink more water. 4.The bird fly south for the winter. 5.He always carry a water bottle with him. 考点 02 基数词的用法 one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen twenty twenty-one twenty-two twenty-three twenty-four twenty-five thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety 基数词就是表示数量多少的数词，比如 one, two, three, twenty, one hundred 等。 一、基数词的基本形式 1-12: 有独立的单词形式。 one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve 13-19: 以 -teen 结尾。 thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen 20, 30, 40...90: 以 -ty 结尾。 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety 21-99: 在十位数和个位数之间加连字符 -。 21: twenty-one 32: thirty-two 99: ninety-nine 100及以上: 100: one hundred 235: two hundred and thirty-five 1,000: one thousand 1,001: one thousand (and) one 10,000: ten thousand 100,000: one hundred thousand 1,000,000: one million 【注意】：hundred, thousand, million, billion 等在表示确切数字时，不用复数形式。 ✅ 正确：three hundred people, two thousand dollars ❌ 错误：three hundreds people, two thousands dollars 二、基数词的主要用法 基数词在句子中功能强大，可以充当多种成分。 1. 作主语 Three of them are from China. 他们中有三个来自中国。 Two hundred is a large number. 两百是个大数字。 2. 作宾语 I need two. 我需要两个。 She has invited twenty guests. 她邀请了二十位客人。 3. 作表语 My lucky number is seven. 我的幸运数字是七。 We are eighteen now. 我们现在十八岁了。 【特殊用法与注意事项】 ①表示顺序或编号：名词 + 基数词 虽然表示顺序通常用序数词（first, second...），但在表示编号、章节、页码、房间号等时，常把基数词放在名词后面，且名词和数字的首字母通常大写。此时，顺序是“名词 + 基数词”。 Room 305 (读作 room three o five) 305房间 Page 42 (page forty-two) 第42页 Chapter 7 (chapter seven) 第七章 Bus No. 10 (bus number ten) 10路公交车 ②表示年份 年份通常以两位数为一个单位来读。 1999: nineteen ninety-nine 2008: two thousand and eight 2012: twenty twelve 1905: nineteen o five (中间的零读作字母o的发音) ③表示电话号码 将数字逐个读出来 355-4679: three five five, four six seven nine ④表示年龄 主语 + be + 基数词 + (years old) I am twenty (years old). 我二十岁了。 a + 基数词-year-old (作定语) She has a five-year-old son. 她有一个五岁的儿子。（注意：这里用连字符连接后，year 用单数） 提分练 一、【跨学科·数学】Sarah 教洋洋做趣味数学题。根据算式，将大方框中的数字单词的标号填入对应题目的小方框中。 A. fifty B. forty C. eighty D.thirty E. sixty 1. twenty- five + twenty -five =______________ 2. eighty -______________= thirty 3. ten + thirty =______________ 4. ______________÷ three = twenty 5. four x twenty =______________ 二、选择题 1. Which is right for "105"? A. one hundred five B. one hundred and five C. one hundred-five 2. How do you read "5,720"? A. five thousand and seven hundred twenty B. five thousand, seven hundred and twenty C. five thousands, seven hundred twenty 3. He is a ____________ boy. A. ten-years-old B. ten year old C. ten-year-old 4. There are over ____________ people in the square. A. two thousands B. two thousand C. thousand two 5. Please turn to ____________. A. page twentieth B. page twenty C. the page twenty 三、翻译下列句子（中译英） 我妈妈买了五个苹果。 ______________________________________ 我们班有三十个学生。 ______________________________________ 这件衬衫多少钱？ 五十美元。 ______________________________________ 考点 03 用how many询问某人家里的人数 How many people are there in your family? 你家有几个人？ There are ten of us. 我们家有10个人。 基本句型： How many people are there in your family? 回答时，通常先说总数，然后可以简单介绍一下成员。 基本结构：There are + 数字 + (people in my family). 示例回答： "There are three: my parents and me." （我家有三口人：我父母和我。） "There are four: my mother, father, older sister, and me." （我家有四口人：我妈妈、爸爸、姐姐和我。） "It's quite big! There are five people in my family." （挺大的！我家有五口人。） 【拓展】 How Many (用于可数名词) 1. 用法： 用于询问可以一个一个数的事物的数量。后面的名词必须是可数名词的复数形式。 2. 句型结构： How many + 复数可数名词 + 一般疑问句？ 3. 例句： How many books do you have? （你有多少本书？）book 是可数名词，用复数 books。 How many students are there in your class? （你们班有多少个学生？） How many apples did you eat? （你吃了多少个苹果？） 提分练 一、Amy和好友 Kate 在聊各自的家庭。 根据情境，从方框内选择合适的选项补全对话。 Amy: Hi, Kate. They are my father and my mother. There are three people in my family. 1._______ Kate : There are nine. I have a big family. A. No, he's a cook. B. They are my grandfather, my grandmother, my father, my mother, my uncle, my aunt, my cousin, my sister and me. C.How many people are there in your family? D.What does your father do? E. Yes, they are. Amy: Who are they? Kate : 2._______ Amy: Are they your father and mother? Kate: 3._______ Amy:4._______ Kate: He's a doctor. Is your father a doctor, too? Amy:5._______ He cooks well. Kate:Wow, cool! 二、仔细观察家谱图，选择正确的单词补全文段。 father grandfather aunt cousin uncle grandmother I'm Lily. Look! This is my family. Johnson is my1._________. Mary is my2.________Tony is my 3.________ Susan is my 4.________. Mike is my________5.________. And Ben is my 6.________. My family is big. I love my family. 考点 04 Who are they/is this?询问人物身份 Who is this? And who is the little baby? 这是谁？这个小男孩是谁？ My cousins, Li jing and Li Liang. 我的堂弟妹，李静和李亮。 Who is this? （这是谁？）用于询问单个人的身份。 使用场景： 指着照片或图片中的一个人问： You see an old photo with a person you don't recognize. （你看到一张老照片里有个不认识的人。） → You ask: "Who is this?" （这是谁？） 在电话里，听到一个陌生的声音： Someone calls you, but you don't recognize their voice. （有人给你打电话，但你听不出是谁。） → You ask: "Hello, who is this?" （你好，请问你是哪位？） 有人敲门，你看不到是谁： You hear a knock on the door. （你听到敲门声。） → You ask: "Who is it?" （谁啊？） 注意：这里更常用 "it" 来指代门外未知的人。 回答： "This is my sister, Anna." （这是我姐姐，安娜。） "This is David." （我是大卫。）- 电话用语 "It's me!" （是我！） - 敲门时回答 "He is our new teacher." （他是我们的新老师。）- 指着照片回答 2. Who are they? （他们是谁？） 用于询问多个人（两人或以上）的身份。 使用场景： 指着照片或图片中的一群人问： You see a group photo. （你看到一张合照。） → You ask: "Who are they?" （他们是谁？） 看到远处你不认识的几个人： You see some people talking to your friend. （你看到几个人在和你朋友说话。） → You ask your friend: "Who are they?" （他们是谁？） 回答： "They are my classmates." （他们是我的同学。） "They're the new neighbors." （他们是新来的邻居。） 【重要提示】： 在指代照片中的人或电话中的人时，this 和 that 比 he 或 she 更常用、更自然。 ✅ "Who is this?" (指着照片) ❌ "Who is he?" (指着照片 - 语法没错，但不如用 "this" 自然) 提分练 一、给下列句子或对话匹配合适的图片。 ( )1. Look, I have a big family. There are ten of us. ( )2. This is my uncle. He is happy. ( )3.-Who is this little boy? -My brother , Mike. ( )4.-Who are they? -They are my mother and my aunt. I love them. 二、李明在给 Helen 看自己的家庭树。 根据情境，从方框内选择合适的选项补全对话。 Li Ming : Look, this is my family tree. 1._______ Helen :Oh, your family is big.2._______ Li Ming : He's my brother , Liu Hao.A. Is she your aunt? B. Happy birthday to your mother ! C. Who is this little boy? D. Is your mother forty years old? E. There are ten people in my family. Helen :3._______ Li Ming:No,she isn't. She is my mother. It's her birthday today. Helen : Wow! 4._______ Li Ming : Thank you. Helen :5._______ Li Ming : Yes, she is forty. And I have a gift for her. Helen : Wow, cool ! 参考答案 动词的第三人称单数 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空 goes (以-o结尾，加-es) watches (以-ch结尾，加-es) studies (辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i，再加-es) rises (一般情况，直接加-s) does (不规则变化：do -> does) 二、选择题 B. listens (主语She是第三人称单数) B. brushes (以-sh结尾，加-es) B. runs (一般情况，直接加-s) B. has (不规则变化：have -> has) B. boils (主语Water是不可数名词，视作第三人称单数) 三、改错题 She doesn't like coffee. (第三人称单数的助动词是does，不是do) He plays basketball every weekend. (主语He是第三人称单数，动词需加-s) My mother says I should drink more water. (主语My mother是第三人称单数，动词需加-s) The bird flies south for the winter. (主语The bird是第三人称单数，辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i，再加-es) He always carries a water bottle with him. (主语He是第三人称单数，辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i，再加-es) 基数词的用法 一、AABEC 二、B. one hundred and five (英式英语中and必不可少，美式英语中可省略，但拼写形式不变) B. five thousand, seven hundred and twenty (千位和百位之间加逗号，百位和十位之间加and) C. ten-year-old (作定语时，用连字符连接，且名词用单数) B. two thousand (表示确切数字时，thousand不用复数) B. page twenty (表示编号时，顺序是“名词 + 基数词”) 三、 My mother bought five apples. There are thirty students in our class. — How much is this shirt? — It's fifty dollars. 用how many询问某人家里的人数 一、CBEDA 二、grandfather ；grandmother；father；aunt； uncle；cousin Who are they/is this?询问人物身份 一、BADC 二、ECABD 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $