Unit 4 Then and now（话题阅读精练）英语沪教版五四学制2024八年级上册

Unit 4 Then and now （话题阅读精练） 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 How Technology Changed Our Lives 阅读理解 说明文 约 150 词 通过奶奶 70 年代童年与现在生活对比，介绍科技对通信、娱乐、出行等方面的改变，体现 “过去与现在” 的差异 实战演练 语法选择 语法选择 说明文 约 200 词 讲述作者家乡过去与现在的生活变化，涉及科技在日常中的应用及生活质量提升 阅读理解 A 记叙文 约 250 词 讲述作者父亲作为商船总工程师，在二战中遭遇船只被鱼雷击中后的经历及战后生活 B 约 200 词 介绍成都一中举办学生分享传家宝活动，列举两位学生的传家宝（盒式磁带播放机、粮票）及背后故事 C 说明文 约 120 词 对比过去与现在的生活，涵盖服装制作、食物来源、通信方式、娱乐形式及现代生活的优缺点 完形填空 完形填空 议论文 约 180 词 对未来生活变化发表评论，涉及远程办公、纸质书消失、居住方式、智能房屋、无人驾驶汽车等方面 任务型阅读 任务型阅读 记叙文 约 200 词 康康采访奶奶，讲述北京 60 年代至今在道路、住房、教育、医疗、通信等方面的变化 短文填空 短文填空 约 220 词 描述作者家乡 20 年前与现在的变化，包括交通、教育、住房、生活设施等，表达对家乡未来的期待 时文阅读 How Technology Changed Our Lives My grandma often talks about her childhood in the 1970s. Back then, there were no smartphones or computers. If she wanted to talk to her sister in another city, she had to write letters and wait for weeks to get a reply. For entertainment, she usually played traditional games with neighbors or listened to the radio—watching TV was a luxury because few families could afford one. Things have changed a lot since then. With the development of technology, our lives are totally different now. We can have video calls with relatives far away in just a few seconds, as if we were sitting next to each other. Smartphones have become an important part of daily life: we use them to take photos, shop online, and even study through educational apps. What’s more, high-speed trains and airplanes make travel much easier—grandma’s 2-day train ride to her sister’s city now only takes 2 hours by high-speed train! Technology has truly connected the world and made our lives more convenient. It’s amazing to see how much things have changed between “then” and “now.” 【中文翻译】 科技如何改变我们的生活 奶奶经常讲起她 70 年代的童年。那时候，没有智能手机，也没有电脑。如果她想和住在另一个城市的姐姐说话，就必须写信，还要等好几周才能收到回信。娱乐方面，她通常和邻居玩传统游戏或者听收音机 —— 看电视是件奢侈的事，因为很少有家庭买得起。 从那以后，一切都发生了巨大的变化。随着科技的发展，我们现在的生活完全不同了。我们可以在几秒钟内和远方的亲人视频通话，就好像我们坐在彼此身边一样。智能手机已经成为日常生活中重要的一部分：我们用它拍照、网购，甚至通过教育类应用学习。此外，高铁和飞机让旅行变得容易多了 —— 奶奶以前要坐两天火车去姐姐家，现在坐高铁只需要 2 个小时！ 科技确实连接了世界，让我们的生活更加便利。看到 “过去” 和 “现在” 之间的变化如此之大，真是令人惊叹。 【长难句分析】 1.英文原句：If she wanted to talk to her sister in another city, she had to write letters and wait for weeks to get a reply. 中文翻译：如果她想和住在另一个城市的姐姐说话，就必须写信，还要等好几周才能收到回信。 分析：这是含条件状语从句的复合句。主句是 “she had to write letters...reply”，其中 “to get a reply” 是目的状语；从句由 “If” 引导，说明前提条件。句子通过 “if” 清晰划分逻辑关系，符合 8 年级复合句学习重点。 2.英文原句：We can have video calls with relatives far away in just a few seconds, as if we were sitting next to each other. 中文翻译：我们可以在几秒钟内和远方的亲人视频通话，就好像我们坐在彼此身边一样。 分析：主句为 “We can have video calls...”，“far away” 作后置定语修饰 “relatives”；“as if” 引导方式状语从句，用虚拟语气体现 “仿佛” 的含义，是描述对比场景的典型句式。 【重难词汇梳理】 词汇 汉语翻译 词性 发音 childhood 童年 n. /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/ afford 买得起；承担得起 v. /əˈfɔːd/ development 发展 n. /dɪˈveləpmənt/ video 视频 n. /ˈvɪdiəʊ/ relative 亲属；亲戚 n. /ˈrelətɪv/ educational 教育的 adj. /ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃənl/ convenient 方便的 adj. /kənˈviːniənt/ luxury 奢侈品；奢侈 n. /ˈlʌkʃəri/ traditional 传统的 adj. /trəˈdɪʃənl/ entertainment 娱乐 n. /ˌentəˈteɪnmənt/ connect 连接 v. /kəˈnekt/ amazing 令人惊叹的 adj. /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ 实战演练 一、语法选择 With the development of our country, it’s truly amazing to see the changes in my hometown. I 1 up in a village in China with my grandparents, and back then, life was simple and then wasn’t much technology around. 2 no smart phones, computers, or even television sets in most homes. The only way 3 news was through a radio at the gate of the village, and only the rich could afford a television. When 4 watched it at night, the whole village would gather around to join in. However, with time goes by, the changes are quite surprising. In recent years, technology 5 an important role in daily life in China. Mobile phones, cars, high-speed trains, and airplanes 6 by people widely. Our quality of life has been 7 improved. The roads are no longer muddy (泥泞的). Almost every family 8 a television, and there is even air conditioning to reduce the summer heat. Medical care can be gotten much 9 with the use of cars or taxis. The world is always changing and developing, and the progress we’ve seen in 10 last 30 years is unbelievable. I can’t help but wonder how different things will be in the next 30 years! 1．A．grow B．will grow C．grew 2．A．They were B．There were C．It was 3．A．receiving B．to receive C．received 4．A．they B．them C．their 5．A．played B．plays C．has played 6．A．are used B．were used C．used 7．A．great B．greatly C．greatness 8．A．have B．has C．had 9．A．easier B．more easily C．easily 10．A．a B．an C．the 二、阅读理解 A My father was Chief Engineer of a business ship, which was sunk in World War II. The book Night of the U-boats told the story. Memories In September, 1940, my mother, sister and I went to Swansea, where my father’s ship was getting ready to sail. We brought him a family photograph to be kept with him at all times and keep him safe. Then I remember my mother lying face down, crying. She had heard from a friend that the ship had been sunk by a torpedo (鱼雷). I can remember the arrival of the telegram (电报), which in those days always brought bad news. My grandmother opened it. It read, “Safe. Love Ted.” My most clear memory is being woken and brought down to sit on my father’s knee, his arm in a bandage (绑带). He was judged unfit to return to sea and took a shore job in Glasgow for the rest of the war. For as long as I can remember, he had a weak heart. Mother said it was caused by the torpedoes. He said it was because of the cigarettes. Whichever, he died suddenly in his early 50s. Ten years later I read Night of the U-boats and was able to complete the story. Torpedo One torpedo struck the ship. Father was in the engine room, where the third engineer was killed. He shut down the engines to slow the ship making it easier for it to be given up. By the time he got on deck (甲板) he was alone. Every lifeboat was gone except one which had stuck strongly. When he tried to cut it free, it moved against the ship, hurting his hand and arm. He had no choice but to jump - still with the photograph in his pocket. Three days later, he and other survivors were safe in Glasgow. All 23 with him signed the back of the photograph. In my room is the book and the photograph. Often, glass in hand, I have wondered how I would have dealt with an explosion (爆炸), a sinking ship, a jump into a huge ocean and a wait for rescue? I have some more whisky and toast the heroes of the war for fear that we may forget. 1．We can guess that the mother and children went to Swansea to __________. A．see the father off B．meet a friend C．take a family photo D．enjoy the sailing of the ship 2．What did the writer learn about the father from the telegram? A．He had arrived in Glasgow. B．His knee was broken. C．His ship had been sunk. D．He was still alive. 3．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 refers to the father’s __________. A．taking a shore job B．weak heart C．failure to return to sea D．hurt caused by a torpedo 4．The underlined word “survivors” in paragraph 2 from the bottom means ___________. A．船员 B．幸存者 C．商船 D．战士 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．A group of forgotten heroes. B．A book describing a frightening battle. C．A ship engineer’s wartime experience. D．A businessman's memories of a sea rescue. B In September, Chengdu No.1 Middle School in Sichuan held a special activity. Teachers asked students to share the stories of their family heirlooms (传家宝). Over 300 students took part in it, bringing their heirlooms to school and telling the stories behind them. One of the students, 14-year-old Song Zhengchen, shared his family’s heirloom—a cassette player. His grandmother bought the player in the 1980s to listen to the news. Later, his mother used it to play music tapes. When Song was younger, his mother would often play old poems for him on the player. “Today, we have many new advanced music players. But we still keep it because it holds beautiful memories of my family,” Song said. Another student, Xiao Yao, also 14, won first prize in the activity. Her heirlooms were some food coupons (粮票) from her grandmother. These coupons were used during a time when food was scarce. In the past, families could only buy a limited amount of food each month, and even rice required a food coupon. Xiao was amazed when her grandmother told her stories about this difficult time. “My grandma wants me to be thankful for what we have today and to work hard for a better future, ” Xiao explained. The heirloom stories shared by the students reflect the rich history and beautiful memories of their families. These items connect them to the past and remind them of the hardships their ancestors faced. Through these stories, we hope the students will carry on good family traditions, appreciate (欣赏) their family history, and continue to work hard for their future. By remembering the past, they can help build a better tomorrow for themselves, their families, and the country. 1．What did Song Zhengchen bring to show in the school activity? A．A cassette player. B．Music tapes. C．An old poem. D．Food coupons. 2．What does the underlined word “scarce” in Paragraph 3mean? A．Expensive. B．Traditional. C．Not enough. D．Not difficult to get. 3．According to Xiao Yao, what is her grandmother’s hope for her? A．To study the history of food shortages in China. B．To share her heirloom stories with others at school. C．To keep the food coupons safe for future generations. D．To be thankful and work hard for the future. 4．What is the structure of the article? A． B． C． D． 5．What can be the best title for the passage? A．A School Activity B．Family Heirlooms and Their Stories C．Expensive Family Heirlooms D．Better Country, Better Tomorrow C Life in the Past and Now Life in the past was very different from what it is now. In the past, people used to make their own clothes by hand. They grew their own food and rarely bought things from the market. Communication was slow, mainly by writing letters. Now, we can buy all kinds of clothes in the stores. We have a wide variety of food from all over the world. With the development of technology, we can communicate with others instantly through mobile phones, the Internet and other means. In the past, people had fewer ways to entertain themselves. They might read books or play simple games. But now, we have TV, computers, video games and many other forms of entertainment. However, the fast-paced modern life also brings some problems. People are often stressed out and have less time for their families. But overall, we enjoy the convenience and richness that modern life brings. 1．How did people make clothes in the past? A．They bought them from the store. B．They made them by machine. C．They made them by hand. D．They ordered them online. 2．What was communication like in the past? A．Fast. B．Instant. C．Slow. D．Easy. 3．What forms of entertainment did people have in the past? A．TV and computers. B．Video games. C．Reading books or playing simple games. D．Watching movies in the cinema. 4．What problems does modern life bring? A．People have no money. B．People are stressed out and have less family time. C．There is no entertainment. D．Communication is difficult. 5．What can we infer from the passage? A．Life in the past was better. B．Life now is completely perfect. C．Both past and present life have their own advantages and disadvantages. D．We should go back to the past life. 三、完形填空 Read the comments about changes in the future. How much do you agree with them? These days, some people work at home one or two days a week instead of going to an office every day. I think in the future a lot more people will work from home all the time. And the number of offices will decrease. It’s sad, because people will lose most of their social skills like the 1 to connect to others. There won’t be any paper books in the future. They might disappear 2 . If you want to read books, you will have to download them to a portable e-reader. It will hold hundreds of your favourite books. Some e-readers might also be waterproof. So you can use them when you are having a bath or a shower. I think the number of people on the planet will continue to increase. There will be less space, so we’ll need to 3 the way we live. Maybe we’ll live underground, or maybe lots of people will live together in a single house. It’s horrible! Life will definitely get 4 than it is now. Our house might be 5 in the future. If there’s an emergency, it will automatically send a message to the police or call for an ambulance. Our house might also control the heating and the air-conditioning, so we’ll never feel too hot or too cold. Driverless cars are a new thing at the moment, but I think in the future it will be common to have one. I think it’ll be a good and safe thing, because we won’t have so many road 6 . Maybe we will stop using petrol, too. That would be good. 1．A．attitude B．ability C．possibility D．decision 2．A．directly B．extremely C．surprisingly D．completely 3．A．change B．lose C．miss D．figure 4．A．better B．worse C．more amazing D．less interesting 5．A．positive B．scientific C．smart D．perfect 6．A．cars B．traffic C．complaints D．accidents 四、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 I’m Kangkang. For this report I have interviewed (采访) my grandmother about the life in Beijing. She has lived here for over 60 years and has seen a lot of changes. Back in the 1960s, things were difficult. The roads were narrow (狭窄的) and there weren’t many ring roads. Families lived in small houses, and people were very close to each other. Almost all children could go to school but they did not have a lot of books to read. People could go to see a doctor, and the medicines were very cheap but there were not many good medicines back then. People kept in touch with their friends and family members far away mainly by letter or telegram (电报). China has developed rapidly since the reform and opening-up (改革开放). More and more ring roads and subways have appeared and buildings in Beijing are becoming taller and brighter. People’s living conditions have improved a lot. And there are more kinds of food and clothes to satisfy people’s needs. Children can study not only in modern schools but also on the internet. People can enjoy good medical care. What’s more, communications are becoming easier and quicker — people can use telephones, cellphones, fax machines (传真机) and the internet. Beijing has made rapid progress and it has already succeeded in hosting the 2008 Olympic Games. I think it is important to remember the past, live in the present and dream about the future. 1．How long has Kangkang’s grandmother lived in Beijing? 2．What does the report say about Beijing’s education in the 1960s? 3．How did people communicate with friends far away in the 1960s? 4．What changes have happened in medical care in Beijing since the 1960s? 5．① Describe Kangkang’s feeling about the changes in Beijing using one or two adjectives (形容词). ② Use some words from the passage to support (支持) your answer. He is ... because ... 五、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Can you imagine what life was like without smart phones or Internet? I still remember what my hometown looked like twenty years ago. It used to be 1 poor village. There was only one road to go there. The road was narrow (窄的) and often covered with mud when it rained. Most families lived in small houses with big yards. My grandfather used to tell us stories about the past while we 2 (have) dinner in the yard. And the school was very far from our village. So it took a long time for children 3 (go) to school by bike. My hometown is different from what it looked like before. To be honest, it’s 4 (beautiful) than before. Great changes have already taken place here in the past twenty years. With the help of our government, people in our hometown have built a new highway. So it’s convenient to go in and out of our hometown. Also, people have built some schools 5 a large library and computers so that children can get a good education. As people have made more money by working in the cities, or planting more economic crops (经济作物), most families 6 (have) a car or a truck so far and built modern houses with high-tech household appliances (家用电器) like smart lock, oven, washing machine and so on. There is a beautiful park in my hometown now. Every day, people would like to go to the park to enjoy 7 (they). 8 these changes bring great convenience (便利) to our lives, there are still some things that never change such as friendship and the best 9 (memory). I still remember that the sound of grandma calling me home for dinner stays in my ears. East or west, home is the best. I believe my hometown 10 (become) even better in the future. 2 / 15 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Then and now （话题阅读精练） 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 How Technology Changed Our Lives 阅读理解 说明文 约 150 词 通过奶奶 70 年代童年与现在生活对比，介绍科技对通信、娱乐、出行等方面的改变，体现 “过去与现在” 的差异 实战演练 语法选择 语法选择 说明文 约 200 词 讲述作者家乡过去与现在的生活变化，涉及科技在日常中的应用及生活质量提升 阅读理解 A 记叙文 约 250 词 讲述作者父亲作为商船总工程师，在二战中遭遇船只被鱼雷击中后的经历及战后生活 B 约 200 词 介绍成都一中举办学生分享传家宝活动，列举两位学生的传家宝（盒式磁带播放机、粮票）及背后故事 C 说明文 约 120 词 对比过去与现在的生活，涵盖服装制作、食物来源、通信方式、娱乐形式及现代生活的优缺点 完形填空 完形填空 议论文 约 180 词 对未来生活变化发表评论，涉及远程办公、纸质书消失、居住方式、智能房屋、无人驾驶汽车等方面 任务型阅读 任务型阅读 记叙文 约 200 词 康康采访奶奶，讲述北京 60 年代至今在道路、住房、教育、医疗、通信等方面的变化 短文填空 短文填空 约 220 词 描述作者家乡 20 年前与现在的变化，包括交通、教育、住房、生活设施等，表达对家乡未来的期待 时文阅读 How Technology Changed Our Lives My grandma often talks about her childhood in the 1970s. Back then, there were no smartphones or computers. If she wanted to talk to her sister in another city, she had to write letters and wait for weeks to get a reply. For entertainment, she usually played traditional games with neighbors or listened to the radio—watching TV was a luxury because few families could afford one. Things have changed a lot since then. With the development of technology, our lives are totally different now. We can have video calls with relatives far away in just a few seconds, as if we were sitting next to each other. Smartphones have become an important part of daily life: we use them to take photos, shop online, and even study through educational apps. What’s more, high-speed trains and airplanes make travel much easier—grandma’s 2-day train ride to her sister’s city now only takes 2 hours by high-speed train! Technology has truly connected the world and made our lives more convenient. It’s amazing to see how much things have changed between “then” and “now.” 【中文翻译】 科技如何改变我们的生活 奶奶经常讲起她 70 年代的童年。那时候，没有智能手机，也没有电脑。如果她想和住在另一个城市的姐姐说话，就必须写信，还要等好几周才能收到回信。娱乐方面，她通常和邻居玩传统游戏或者听收音机 —— 看电视是件奢侈的事，因为很少有家庭买得起。 从那以后，一切都发生了巨大的变化。随着科技的发展，我们现在的生活完全不同了。我们可以在几秒钟内和远方的亲人视频通话，就好像我们坐在彼此身边一样。智能手机已经成为日常生活中重要的一部分：我们用它拍照、网购，甚至通过教育类应用学习。此外，高铁和飞机让旅行变得容易多了 —— 奶奶以前要坐两天火车去姐姐家，现在坐高铁只需要 2 个小时！ 科技确实连接了世界，让我们的生活更加便利。看到 “过去” 和 “现在” 之间的变化如此之大，真是令人惊叹。 【长难句分析】 1.英文原句：If she wanted to talk to her sister in another city, she had to write letters and wait for weeks to get a reply. 中文翻译：如果她想和住在另一个城市的姐姐说话，就必须写信，还要等好几周才能收到回信。 分析：这是含条件状语从句的复合句。主句是 “she had to write letters...reply”，其中 “to get a reply” 是目的状语；从句由 “If” 引导，说明前提条件。句子通过 “if” 清晰划分逻辑关系，符合 8 年级复合句学习重点。 2.英文原句：We can have video calls with relatives far away in just a few seconds, as if we were sitting next to each other. 中文翻译：我们可以在几秒钟内和远方的亲人视频通话，就好像我们坐在彼此身边一样。 分析：主句为 “We can have video calls...”，“far away” 作后置定语修饰 “relatives”；“as if” 引导方式状语从句，用虚拟语气体现 “仿佛” 的含义，是描述对比场景的典型句式。 【重难词汇梳理】 词汇 汉语翻译 词性 发音 childhood 童年 n. /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/ afford 买得起；承担得起 v. /əˈfɔːd/ development 发展 n. /dɪˈveləpmənt/ video 视频 n. /ˈvɪdiəʊ/ relative 亲属；亲戚 n. /ˈrelətɪv/ educational 教育的 adj. /ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃənl/ convenient 方便的 adj. /kənˈviːniənt/ luxury 奢侈品；奢侈 n. /ˈlʌkʃəri/ traditional 传统的 adj. /trəˈdɪʃənl/ entertainment 娱乐 n. /ˌentəˈteɪnmənt/ connect 连接 v. /kəˈnekt/ amazing 令人惊叹的 adj. /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ 实战演练 一、语法选择 With the development of our country, it’s truly amazing to see the changes in my hometown. I 1 up in a village in China with my grandparents, and back then, life was simple and then wasn’t much technology around. 2 no smart phones, computers, or even television sets in most homes. The only way 3 news was through a radio at the gate of the village, and only the rich could afford a television. When 4 watched it at night, the whole village would gather around to join in. However, with time goes by, the changes are quite surprising. In recent years, technology 5 an important role in daily life in China. Mobile phones, cars, high-speed trains, and airplanes 6 by people widely. Our quality of life has been 7 improved. The roads are no longer muddy (泥泞的). Almost every family 8 a television, and there is even air conditioning to reduce the summer heat. Medical care can be gotten much 9 with the use of cars or taxis. The world is always changing and developing, and the progress we’ve seen in 10 last 30 years is unbelievable. I can’t help but wonder how different things will be in the next 30 years! 1．A．grow B．will grow C．grew 2．A．They were B．There were C．It was 3．A．receiving B．to receive C．received 4．A．they B．them C．their 5．A．played B．plays C．has played 6．A．are used B．were used C．used 7．A．great B．greatly C．greatness 8．A．have B．has C．had 9．A．easier B．more easily C．easily 10．A．a B．an C．the 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍作者家乡的变化。 1．句意：我和祖父母一起在中国的一个村庄长大，那时的生活很简单，也没有太多的科技。 grow一般现在时；will grow一般将来时；grew一般过去时。根据“life was simple and then wasn’t much technology around”可知，时态是一般过去时，故选C。 2．句意：大多数家庭没有智能手机、电脑，甚至没有电视机。 They were他们是；There were有；It was它是。根据“...no smart phones, computers, or even television sets in most homes.”可知，此处是there be句型，表示“有”，故选B。 3．句意：接收新闻的唯一途径是通过村门口的收音机，只有富人才买得起电视机。 receiving动名词/现在分词；to receive动词不定式；received动词过去式。此处应使用动词不定式作后置定语修饰way，故选B。 4．句意：晚上看的时候，全村的人都会围过来一起看。 they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词。此处在句中作主语，用主格，故选A。 5．句意：近年来，科技在中国人的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色。 played一般过去时；plays一般现在时；has played现在完成时。根据“In recent years”可知，此处应使用现在完成时，故选C。 6．句意：手机、汽车、高铁和飞机被人们广泛使用。 are used一般现在时的被动语态；were used一般过去时的被动语态；used一般过去时。根据“Mobile phones, cars, high-speed trains, and airplanes...by people widely.”可知，主语是动作的承受者，时态是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。 7．句意：我们的生活质量大大提高了。 great形容词；greatly副词；greatness名词。此处在句中修饰动词，应使用副词形式，故选B。 8．句意：几乎每个家庭都有电视，甚至还有空调来减少夏天的炎热。 have动词原形；has动词三单；had动词过去式。时态是一般现在时，主语是“every family”，动词用三单。故选B。 9．句意：使用汽车或出租车可以更容易地获得医疗服务。 easier更容易的；more easily更容易地；easily容易地。根据“much”可知，此处应使用比较级，修饰动词用副词形式，故选B。 10．句意：世界一直在变化和发展，过去30年我们所看到的进步是令人难以置信的。 a泛指一个，用于辅音音素开头前；an泛指一个，用于元音音素开头前；the定冠词表特指。in the last 30 years“在过去30年”，故选C。 二、阅读理解 A My father was Chief Engineer of a business ship, which was sunk in World War II. The book Night of the U-boats told the story. Memories In September, 1940, my mother, sister and I went to Swansea, where my father’s ship was getting ready to sail. We brought him a family photograph to be kept with him at all times and keep him safe. Then I remember my mother lying face down, crying. She had heard from a friend that the ship had been sunk by a torpedo (鱼雷). I can remember the arrival of the telegram (电报), which in those days always brought bad news. My grandmother opened it. It read, “Safe. Love Ted.” My most clear memory is being woken and brought down to sit on my father’s knee, his arm in a bandage (绑带). He was judged unfit to return to sea and took a shore job in Glasgow for the rest of the war. For as long as I can remember, he had a weak heart. Mother said it was caused by the torpedoes. He said it was because of the cigarettes. Whichever, he died suddenly in his early 50s. Ten years later I read Night of the U-boats and was able to complete the story. Torpedo One torpedo struck the ship. Father was in the engine room, where the third engineer was killed. He shut down the engines to slow the ship making it easier for it to be given up. By the time he got on deck (甲板) he was alone. Every lifeboat was gone except one which had stuck strongly. When he tried to cut it free, it moved against the ship, hurting his hand and arm. He had no choice but to jump - still with the photograph in his pocket. Three days later, he and other survivors were safe in Glasgow. All 23 with him signed the back of the photograph. In my room is the book and the photograph. Often, glass in hand, I have wondered how I would have dealt with an explosion (爆炸), a sinking ship, a jump into a huge ocean and a wait for rescue? I have some more whisky and toast the heroes of the war for fear that we may forget. 1．We can guess that the mother and children went to Swansea to __________. A．see the father off B．meet a friend C．take a family photo D．enjoy the sailing of the ship 2．What did the writer learn about the father from the telegram? A．He had arrived in Glasgow. B．His knee was broken. C．His ship had been sunk. D．He was still alive. 3．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 refers to the father’s __________. A．taking a shore job B．weak heart C．failure to return to sea D．hurt caused by a torpedo 4．The underlined word “survivors” in paragraph 2 from the bottom means ___________. A．船员 B．幸存者 C．商船 D．战士 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．A group of forgotten heroes. B．A book describing a frightening battle. C．A ship engineer’s wartime experience. D．A businessman's memories of a sea rescue. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文作者主要讲了在第二次世界大战中父亲的表现，讲述了英雄父亲在战争中经历的沉船事件。 1．推理判断题。根据文中“In September, 1940, my mother, sister and I went to Swansea, where my father's ship was getting ready to sail.”可知，父亲的船只要离开，母亲与孩子们应是去给父亲送行。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文中“My grandmother opened it. It read, ‘Safe. Love Ted.’”可知，他父亲还活着。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“For as long as I can remember, he had a weak heart. Mother said it was caused by the torpedoes.”可知，这里的“it”指代前一句中的“weak heart”。故选B。 4．词句猜测题。根据“Three days later, he and other survivors were safe in Glasgow. ”可知，三天后，他和其他幸存者在格拉斯哥安然无恙。结合选项，这里的“survivors”意为“幸存者”。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。根据“My father was Chief Engineer of a business ship, which was sunk in World War II. The book Night of the Uboats told the story.”以及全文可知，作者主要讲了在第二次世界大战中父亲的表现，讲述了英雄父亲在战争中经历的沉船事件。故选C。 B In September, Chengdu No.1 Middle School in Sichuan held a special activity. Teachers asked students to share the stories of their family heirlooms (传家宝). Over 300 students took part in it, bringing their heirlooms to school and telling the stories behind them. One of the students, 14-year-old Song Zhengchen, shared his family’s heirloom—a cassette player. His grandmother bought the player in the 1980s to listen to the news. Later, his mother used it to play music tapes. When Song was younger, his mother would often play old poems for him on the player. “Today, we have many new advanced music players. But we still keep it because it holds beautiful memories of my family,” Song said. Another student, Xiao Yao, also 14, won first prize in the activity. Her heirlooms were some food coupons (粮票) from her grandmother. These coupons were used during a time when food was scarce. In the past, families could only buy a limited amount of food each month, and even rice required a food coupon. Xiao was amazed when her grandmother told her stories about this difficult time. “My grandma wants me to be thankful for what we have today and to work hard for a better future, ” Xiao explained. The heirloom stories shared by the students reflect the rich history and beautiful memories of their families. These items connect them to the past and remind them of the hardships their ancestors faced. Through these stories, we hope the students will carry on good family traditions, appreciate (欣赏) their family history, and continue to work hard for their future. By remembering the past, they can help build a better tomorrow for themselves, their families, and the country. 1．What did Song Zhengchen bring to show in the school activity? A．A cassette player. B．Music tapes. C．An old poem. D．Food coupons. 2．What does the underlined word “scarce” in Paragraph 3mean? A．Expensive. B．Traditional. C．Not enough. D．Not difficult to get. 3．According to Xiao Yao, what is her grandmother’s hope for her? A．To study the history of food shortages in China. B．To share her heirloom stories with others at school. C．To keep the food coupons safe for future generations. D．To be thankful and work hard for the future. 4．What is the structure of the article? A． B． C． D． 5．What can be the best title for the passage? A．A School Activity B．Family Heirlooms and Their Stories C．Expensive Family Heirlooms D．Better Country, Better Tomorrow 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了成都一所中学的学生分享了他们的传家宝及其背后的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“14-year-old Song Zhengchen, shared his family’s heirloom—a cassette player”可知，这名学生带的是一台盒式磁带播放机。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据第三段的“families could only buy a limited amount of food each month”可知，每个家庭每月只能购买有限数量的食物。由此可知，当时食物是“稀缺的”，与 not enough (不足的)意思相近。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“My grandma wants me to be thankful for what we have today and to work hard for a better future”可知，这名学生的祖母希望她对现在拥有的一切心存感激，并为未来努力奋斗。故选D。 4．篇章结构题。文章第一段是活动背景的总述；第二段和第三段具体讲述了两位学生的传家宝故事；第四段总结了活动的意义。因此本文属于“总分总”的结构，故选B。 5．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了成都的一所中学邀请学生们介绍他们的传家宝并讲述这些传家宝背后的故事，因此B选项“传家宝及其故事”最适合作为本文的标题，故选B。 C Life in the Past and Now Life in the past was very different from what it is now. In the past, people used to make their own clothes by hand. They grew their own food and rarely bought things from the market. Communication was slow, mainly by writing letters. Now, we can buy all kinds of clothes in the stores. We have a wide variety of food from all over the world. With the development of technology, we can communicate with others instantly through mobile phones, the Internet and other means. In the past, people had fewer ways to entertain themselves. They might read books or play simple games. But now, we have TV, computers, video games and many other forms of entertainment. However, the fast-paced modern life also brings some problems. People are often stressed out and have less time for their families. But overall, we enjoy the convenience and richness that modern life brings. 1．How did people make clothes in the past? A．They bought them from the store. B．They made them by machine. C．They made them by hand. D．They ordered them online. 2．What was communication like in the past? A．Fast. B．Instant. C．Slow. D．Easy. 3．What forms of entertainment did people have in the past? A．TV and computers. B．Video games. C．Reading books or playing simple games. D．Watching movies in the cinema. 4．What problems does modern life bring? A．People have no money. B．People are stressed out and have less family time. C．There is no entertainment. D．Communication is difficult. 5．What can we infer from the passage? A．Life in the past was better. B．Life now is completely perfect. C．Both past and present life have their own advantages and disadvantages. D．We should go back to the past life. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，对比了过去和现在的生活方式，涵盖服装制作、通信、娱乐方式以及现代生活的优缺点。 1．细节理解题。根据“In the past, people used to make their own clothes by hand.”可知，过去人们制衣的方式是手工制作。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Communication was slow, mainly by writing letters.”可知，过去的通信特点是缓慢的。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“In the past, people had fewer ways to entertain themselves. They might read books or play simple games.”可知，过去的娱乐形式是读书或玩简单游戏。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“People are often stressed out and have less time for their families.”可知，现代生活的问题是压力和家庭时间减少。故选B。 5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，全文对比过去与现在生活的优缺点，可推知，过去和现在的生活各有优劣。故选C。 三、完形填空 Read the comments about changes in the future. How much do you agree with them? These days, some people work at home one or two days a week instead of going to an office every day. I think in the future a lot more people will work from home all the time. And the number of offices will decrease. It’s sad, because people will lose most of their social skills like the 1 to connect to others. There won’t be any paper books in the future. They might disappear 2 . If you want to read books, you will have to download them to a portable e-reader. It will hold hundreds of your favourite books. Some e-readers might also be waterproof. So you can use them when you are having a bath or a shower. I think the number of people on the planet will continue to increase. There will be less space, so we’ll need to 3 the way we live. Maybe we’ll live underground, or maybe lots of people will live together in a single house. It’s horrible! Life will definitely get 4 than it is now. Our house might be 5 in the future. If there’s an emergency, it will automatically send a message to the police or call for an ambulance. Our house might also control the heating and the air-conditioning, so we’ll never feel too hot or too cold. Driverless cars are a new thing at the moment, but I think in the future it will be common to have one. I think it’ll be a good and safe thing, because we won’t have so many road 6 . Maybe we will stop using petrol, too. That would be good. 1．A．attitude B．ability C．possibility D．decision 2．A．directly B．extremely C．surprisingly D．completely 3．A．change B．lose C．miss D．figure 4．A．better B．worse C．more amazing D．less interesting 5．A．positive B．scientific C．smart D．perfect 6．A．cars B．traffic C．complaints D．accidents 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了关于未来变化的评论。 1．句意：这很可悲，因为人们将失去大部分社交技能，比如与他人联系的能力。 attitude态度；ability能力；possibility可能性；decision决定。根据“because people will lose most of their social skills”可知，此处表示与他人联系的能力，the ability to do sth“做某事的能力”。故选B。 2．句意：它们可能会完全消失。 directly直接地；extremely极其；surprisingly令人惊讶地；completely完全地。根据“There won’t be any paper books in the future.”可知，将来不会有纸质书，因此纸质书可能会完全消失。故选D。 3．句意：空间会更小，所以我们需要改变我们的居住方式。 change改变；lose失去；miss错过；figure计算。根据“Maybe we’ll live underground, or maybe lots of people will live together in a single house.”可知，也许我们会住在地下，或者也许很多人会住在一个单独的房子里。因此表示我们会改变居住方式。故选A。 4．句意：生活一定会变得比现在更糟糕。 better更好的；worse更糟糕的；more amazing更令人惊讶的；less interesting不太有趣的。根据“Maybe we’ll live underground, or maybe lots of people will live together in a single house.”可知，也许我们会住在地下，或者也许很多人会住在一个单独的房子里。因此生活比现在更糟糕。故选B。 5．句意：我们的房子将来可能会很智能。 positive积极的；scientific科学的；smart智能的；perfect完美的。根据“If there’s an emergency, it will automatically send a message to the police or call for an ambulance.”可知，如果发生紧急情况，它会自动向警方发送信息或呼叫救护车。因此表示房子将会很智能，故选C。 6．句意：我认为这将是一件好事和安全的事情，因为我们不会有那么多的交通事故。 cars汽车；traffic交通；complaints抱怨；accidents事故。根据“I think it’ll be a good and safe thing,”可知，这是安全的事，因此表示不会有那么多交通事故。故选D。 四、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 I’m Kangkang. For this report I have interviewed (采访) my grandmother about the life in Beijing. She has lived here for over 60 years and has seen a lot of changes. Back in the 1960s, things were difficult. The roads were narrow (狭窄的) and there weren’t many ring roads. Families lived in small houses, and people were very close to each other. Almost all children could go to school but they did not have a lot of books to read. People could go to see a doctor, and the medicines were very cheap but there were not many good medicines back then. People kept in touch with their friends and family members far away mainly by letter or telegram (电报). China has developed rapidly since the reform and opening-up (改革开放). More and more ring roads and subways have appeared and buildings in Beijing are becoming taller and brighter. People’s living conditions have improved a lot. And there are more kinds of food and clothes to satisfy people’s needs. Children can study not only in modern schools but also on the internet. People can enjoy good medical care. What’s more, communications are becoming easier and quicker — people can use telephones, cellphones, fax machines (传真机) and the internet. Beijing has made rapid progress and it has already succeeded in hosting the 2008 Olympic Games. I think it is important to remember the past, live in the present and dream about the future. 1．How long has Kangkang’s grandmother lived in Beijing? 2．What does the report say about Beijing’s education in the 1960s? 3．How did people communicate with friends far away in the 1960s? 4．What changes have happened in medical care in Beijing since the 1960s? 5．① Describe Kangkang’s feeling about the changes in Beijing using one or two adjectives (形容词). ② Use some words from the passage to support (支持) your answer. He is ... because ... 【答案】1．For over 60 years./She has lived in Beijing for over 60 years. 2．Almost all children could go to school but they did not have a lot of books to read. 3．Mainly by letter or telegram./They communicated mainly by letter or telegram. 4．Medicines were cheap but limited in the 1960s; now people enjoy good medical care. 5．He is happy because Beijing has made rapid progress. (开放性试题，答案合理即可) 【导语】本文主要讲述了康康通过采访他的祖母，回顾了北京从上世纪60年代至今的生活变化。文章通过对比过去和现在，展现了北京在改革开放后取得的巨大发展。 1．根据“She has lived here for over 60 years and has seen a lot of changes.”可知，康康的奶奶在北京住了60多年。故填For over 60 years./She has lived in Beijing for over 60 years. 2．根据“Back in the 1960s, things were difficult…Almost all children could go to school but they did not have a lot of books to read.”可知，20世纪60年代，几乎所有孩子能上学，但没有很多书可读。故填Almost all children could go to school but they did not have a lot of books to read. 3．根据“People kept in touch with their friends and family members far away mainly by letter or telegram (电报).”可知，20世纪60年代人们主要通过信件或电报与远方亲友联系。故填Mainly by letter or telegram./They communicated mainly by letter or telegram. 4．根据“People could go to see a doctor, and the medicines were very cheap but there were not many good medicines back then…People can enjoy good medical care.”可知，20世纪60年代药品便宜但好药少，如今人们能享受良好医疗服务。故填Medicines were cheap but limited in the 1960s; now people enjoy good medical care. 5．开放性试题，答案合理即可。参考答案为He is happy because Beijing has made rapid progress. 五、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Can you imagine what life was like without smart phones or Internet? I still remember what my hometown looked like twenty years ago. It used to be 1 poor village. There was only one road to go there. The road was narrow (窄的) and often covered with mud when it rained. Most families lived in small houses with big yards. My grandfather used to tell us stories about the past while we 2 (have) dinner in the yard. And the school was very far from our village. So it took a long time for children 3 (go) to school by bike. My hometown is different from what it looked like before. To be honest, it’s 4 (beautiful) than before. Great changes have already taken place here in the past twenty years. With the help of our government, people in our hometown have built a new highway. So it’s convenient to go in and out of our hometown. Also, people have built some schools 5 a large library and computers so that children can get a good education. As people have made more money by working in the cities, or planting more economic crops (经济作物), most families 6 (have) a car or a truck so far and built modern houses with high-tech household appliances (家用电器) like smart lock, oven, washing machine and so on. There is a beautiful park in my hometown now. Every day, people would like to go to the park to enjoy 7 (they). 8 these changes bring great convenience (便利) to our lives, there are still some things that never change such as friendship and the best 9 (memory). I still remember that the sound of grandma calling me home for dinner stays in my ears. East or west, home is the best. I believe my hometown 10 (become) even better in the future. 【答案】 1．a 2．were having 3．to go 4．more beautiful 5．with 6．have had 7．themselves 8．Although/Though 9．memories 10．will become 【导语】本文介绍了作者的家乡的过去和现在的生活。 1．句意：它曾经是一个贫穷的村庄。village“村庄”，是单数可数名词，poor是辅音音素开头，因此用a修饰，故填a。 2．句意：我们在院子里吃饭的时候，祖父常常给我们讲过去的故事。have“吃”，while引导的时间状语从句，用进行时，根据“used to”可知，此处用过去进行时，主语we是复数形式，谓语用复数形式，故填were having。 3．句意：所以孩子们骑自行车上学要花很长时间。go“去”，It took time for sb to do sth“某人做某事花了时间”，it是形式主语，to do sth是真正主语，故填to go。 4．句意：说实话，它比以前更漂亮了。beautiful“漂亮的”，是形容词，作为系动词is的表语，用形容词，根据“than”可知，此处用比较级，故填more beautiful。 5．句意：此外，人们还建造了一些有大型图书馆和电脑的学校，这样孩子们就可以得到良好的教育。此处表示带有，用介词with。故填with。 6．句意：到目前为止，大多数家庭都有了汽车或卡车，并建造了配备智能锁、烤箱、洗衣机等高科技家用电器的现代房屋。have“有”，根据“so far”可知，此处用现在完成时，主语most families是复数形式，谓语用复数形式，故填have had。 7．句意：每天，人们都喜欢去公园玩。they“他们”，是主格形式，enjoy oneself“玩得高兴”，因此用they的反身代词。故填themselves。 8．句意：虽然这些变化给我们的生活带来了极大的便利，但仍有一些东西永远不会改变，比如友谊和最美好的回忆。结合句意，前一句表示这些变化给我们的生活带来了极大的便利，后一句表示仍有一些东西永远不会改变，比如友谊和最美好的回忆，前后表示让步关系，因此用连词although/though“尽管”。故填Although/Though。 9．句意：虽然这些变化给我们的生活带来了极大的便利，但仍有一些东西永远不会改变，比如友谊和最美好的回忆。memory“记忆”，最美好的回忆，不止一个，因此用复数名词。故填memories。 10．句意：我相信我的家乡在未来会变得更好。become“成为”，根据“in the future”可知，此处用一般将来时，故填will become。 2 / 15 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $