2026年中考英语语法复习:形式主语句型&形式宾语句型(重难点、易错点+中考真题+强化训练)

2025-09-24
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学段 初中
学科 英语
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类型 教案-讲义
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使用场景 中考复习
学年 2026-2027
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发布时间 2025-09-24
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中考语法复习: 形式主语句型 & 形式宾语句型 (重难点、易错点+中考真题+强化训练) 一、核心定义:明确两种句型的本质属性 (一)形式主语句型 形式主语句型是用 “it” 代替真正的主语(通常是不定式、动名词或从句),放在句首作形式主语,而将真正主语置于句末的句型。 核心目的: 避免句子头重脚轻,使句子结构更平衡、表达更自然。 真正主语类型:①不定式(to do);②动名词(doing);③主语从句(that/whether/wh - 引导)。 1. 示例: It is important to learn English well.(it 是形式主语,真正主语是 “to learn English well”); It is fun playing basketball with friends.(it 是形式主语,真正主语是 “playing basketball with friends”)。 (二)形式宾语句型 形式宾语句型是在 “主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语” 结构中,当真正宾语是不定式、动名词或从句时,用 “it” 代替真正宾语作形式宾语,将真正宾语放在宾语补足语之后的句型。 核心目的是让宾语补足语紧跟谓语,符合英语 “尾重” 的表达习惯,避免句子结构混乱。 常用谓语动词:think, find, feel, consider, make, believe 等(需接宾语补足语,如 adj. 或 n.)。 1. 示例: I find it easy to finish the homework.(it 是形式宾语,真正宾语是 “to finish the homework”,“easy” 是宾语补足语); He thinks it a pity that he missed the party.(it 是形式宾语,真正宾语是 “that he missed the party”,“a pity” 是宾语补足语)。 二、重点知识:系统拆解规则(附实例) (一)形式主语句型:三大核心结构与用法 1. 结构一:It + be + adj. + (for/of sb.) + to do sth.(真正主语是不定式) 规则:当真正主语是不定式 “to do sth” 时,需根据形容词的属性选择 “for sb.” 或 “of sb.”: ① 形容词描述 “事物性质”(如 important, necessary, difficult, easy 等),用 “for sb.”; 示例:It is difficult for students to solve this problem.(“difficult” 描述 “解决问题” 这件事的性质,用 for students)。 ② 形容词描述 “人的品质”(如 kind, nice, clever, foolish 等),用 “of sb.”; 示例:It is kind of you to help me.(“kind” 描述 “你” 的品质,用 of you)。 2. 结构二:It + be + n. + doing sth.(真正主语是动名词) 1. 规则:当真正主语是动名词 “doing sth” 时,句中表语通常是名词(如 fun, pleasure, waste of time, good habit 等),用于说明 “做某事是……(名词所表的事物)”。 示例: It is a waste of time playing computer games too much.(真正主语是 “playing computer games too much”,表语 “a waste of time” 说明 “玩太多电脑游戏” 是浪费时间); It is great fun traveling around the world.(真正主语是 “traveling around the world”,表语 “great fun” 说明 “环游世界” 很有趣)。 3. 结构三:It + be + adj./n. + that/whether/wh - 从句(真正主语是从句) 1. 规则:当真正主语是从句时,从句可由 that(表陈述)、whether(表 “是否”,不可用 if)或 wh - 词(what/when/where 等,表疑问)引导,it 仅作形式主语。 示例: ① It is true that the earth goes around the sun.(真正主语是 that 从句,表陈述 “地球绕太阳转” 是事实); ② It is unknown whether he will come tomorrow.(真正主语是 whether 从句,表 “他明天是否来” 未知,不可用 if); ③ It is a mystery where she hid the key.(真正主语是 where 从句,表 “她把钥匙藏在哪” 是个谜)。 (二)形式宾语句型:两大核心结构与用法 1. 结构一:主语 + 谓语动词(think/find/feel 等)+ it + adj. + to do/doing/that 从句(真正宾语) 1. 规则:谓语动词后先接 it 作形式宾语,再接形容词作宾语补足语,最后接真正宾语(不定式、动名词或从句),即 “谓语动词 + it+adj.+ 真正宾语”。 示例: 1 I think it important to practice speaking English every day.(谓语动词 think,it 是形式宾语,adj. 是 important,真正宾语是 “to practice speaking English every day”); ② She finds it interesting reading detective stories.(谓语动词 finds,it 是形式宾语,adj. 是 interesting,真正宾语是 “reading detective stories”); ③ We feel it strange that he didn’t attend the meeting.(谓语动词 feel,it 是形式宾语,adj. 是 strange,真正宾语是 “that he didn’t attend the meeting”)。 1. 2. 结构二:主语 + 谓语动词(make/consider 等)+ it + n. + to do/that 从句(真正宾语) 1. 规则:谓语动词后接 it 作形式宾语,再接名词作宾语补足语,最后接真正宾语(不定式或从句),即 “谓语动词 + it+n.+ 真正宾语”。 示例: 1 The teacher makes it a rule for students to hand in homework on time.(谓语动词 make,it 是形式宾语,n. 是 a rule,真正宾语是 “for students to hand in homework on time”); ② They consider it a honor that they can join the team.(谓语动词 consider,it 是形式宾语,n. 是 a honor,真正宾语是 “that they can join the team”)。 三、重点练习(分模块,每题 5-8 题) (一)形式主语句型练习(8 题) 1. 用形式主语句型改写句子:To learn English well is important. __________________________________________________ 2. 选择合适的介词(for/of)填空:It is necessary ______ us to get up early.;It is clever ______ him to solve the problem. 3. 翻译句子:每天锻炼对我们的健康有好处。 __________________________________________________ 4. 用 that 从句作真正主语补全句子:It is true ______ ______(地球绕太阳转). 5. 改正错误:It is unknown if he will come to the party. __________________________________________________ 6. 填空:It is a pleasure ______(help)others when they are in trouble. 7. 翻译句子:浪费食物是一种不好的习惯。 __________________________________________________ 8. 选择:It is difficult ______ old people to learn new technology quickly. ( ) A. of B. for C. to D. with (二)形式宾语句型练习(8 题) 1. 用形式宾语句型改写句子:I find to finish the work in an hour easy. __________________________________________________ 2. 填空:She thinks it interesting ______(read)science fiction. 3. 翻译句子:我们认为他没通过考试很奇怪。 __________________________________________________ 4. 改正错误:He makes it a rule that he gets up at 6 a.m. __________________________________________________ 5. 选择:They consider ______ important to protect the environment. ( ) A. that B. this C. it D. one 6. 填空:I feel ______ a pity that I can’t attend your birthday party. 7. 翻译句子:她发现和孩子们一起玩很开心。 __________________________________________________ 8. 改正错误:We believe that it is necessary to learn a second language. __________________________________________________ 四、难点知识: (一)形式主语句型难点:“for sb.” 与 “of sb.” 的精准区分 1. 难点解析:学生易混淆 “for sb.” 与 “of sb.” 的用法, 1. 核心判断依据是 “形容词能否用来描述人”—— 能描述人用 “of sb.”,反之用 “for sb.”。 示例: 1 It is kind of you to help me.(“kind” 能描述 “you”,可用 “of you”,且可 转换为 “You are kind to help me.”); 2 It is difficult for you to carry the box.(“difficult” 不能描述 “you”,只能描述 “搬箱子” 这件事,可用 “for you”,不可转换为 “You are difficult to carry the box.”)。 (二)形式宾语句型难点:“真正宾语为从句时的语序” 1. 难点解析:当真正宾语是 that 从句时,学生易误将从句直接放在谓语动词后,忽略形式宾语 it。 1. 需牢记 “谓语动词 + it + 宾语补足语 + that 从句” 的结构,不可省略 it。 错误示例:I think important that we should study hard.(×,缺少形式宾语 it) 正确:I think it important that we should study hard. 正确示例:He finds it strange that his phone is missing.(it 作形式宾语,that 从句作真正宾语,“strange” 是宾语补足语)。 (三)两种句型的共性难点:“it 的不可替代性” 1. 难点解析:学生易用 this/that/one 代替 it 作形式主语或形式宾语, 1. 需明确:只有 it 能作形式主语或形式宾语,其他代词均不可。 错误示例:This is important to learn English.(×,形式主语需用 it) 正确:It is important to learn English. 错误示例:She finds this easy to solve the problem.(×,形式宾语需用 it) 正确:She finds it easy to solve the problem. 五、难点练习(10 题) 1. 选择:It is polite ______ you to say “thank you” when someone helps you. ( ) A. for B. of C. to D. with 2. 改写句子(形式宾语):We consider that learning team work is necessary. __________________________________________________ 3. 判断句子正误,若错误改正:It is good for him to be honest. __________________________________________________ 4. 填空:The boss makes ______ a rule that all employees must wear uniforms. 5. 翻译句子:你能帮我学数学真是太好了。 __________________________________________________ 6. 改正错误:I feel that it interesting to watch documentaries. __________________________________________________ 7. 选择:It is dangerous ______ children to play near the river. ( ) A. of B. for C. with D. about 8. 改写句子(形式主语):That he will visit us next week is exciting. __________________________________________________ 9. 填空:She thinks ______ difficult that she has to finish two reports in one day. __________________________________________________ 10. 翻译句子:我们发现每天记 10 个单词很有用。________________________________________________ 六、易错点分析:高频错误与规避方法 (一)形式主语句型易错点 1. 误用 “if” 引导主语从句表 “是否” 1. 错误示例:It is uncertain if he will go abroad.(×); 1. 正确示例:It is uncertain whether he will go abroad.(√); 1. 规避方法:牢记 “主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中表‘是否’用 whether,不用 if”,仅宾语从句中可互换。 2. 遗漏 “for/of sb.” 中的介词 1. 错误示例:It is important us to practice English.(×); 1. 正确示例:It is important for us to practice English.(√); 1. 规避方法:当真正主语是 “to do sth” 且形容词后需体现 “对某人而言” 时,必须加 for/of sb.,可通过 “能否转换为‘sb. is adj.’” 判断是否加 of(能转换加 of,不能加 for)。 (二)形式宾语句型易错点 1. 省略形式宾语 “it” 1. 错误示例:I find easy to learn grammar.(×); 1. 正确示例:I find it easy to learn grammar.(√); 1. 规避方法:当谓语动词(如 think/find/feel)后接 “adj./n.+ 真正宾语(to do / 从句)” 时,必须先加 it 作形式宾语,可记忆口诀 “谓动后,宾补前,it 占位不能删”。 2. 混淆 “真正宾语” 与 “宾语补足语” 的位置 1. 错误示例:He thinks to learn English it important.(×); 1. 正确示例:He thinks it important to learn English.(√); 1. 规避方法:牢记形式宾语句型结构 “主语 + 谓动 + it + 宾补(adj./n.)+ 真正宾语”,宾补必须紧跟 it,真正宾语放在最后。 七、3 年内真题训练(10 题,模拟中考难度) 1. (2023・江苏苏州中考)______ is important for us to protect the environment. ( ) A. This B. That C. It D. One 2. (2024・浙江杭州中考)She finds ______ interesting to collect stamps. She has collected many kinds. ( ) A. this B. it C. that D. one 3. (2023・广东广州中考)It is kind ______ you to help me carry the heavy box.(用适当的介词填空) 4. (2024・山东济南中考)We all think ______ necessary to learn a foreign language well. ( ) A. what B. this C. it D. that 5. (2023・湖北武汉中考)It is true ______ the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.(用适当的连词填空) 6. (2024・四川成都中考)The teacher makes ______ a rule that we must hand in our homework on time. ( ) A. it B. that C. this D. one 7. (2023・湖南长沙中考)It is difficult ______ old people to use smart phones. ( ) A. of B. for C. with D. to 8. (2024・安徽合肥中考)I feel ______ a pity that I can’t go to the concert with you.(用适当的代词填空) 9. (2023・河北石家庄中考)It is unknown ______ he will come back home this weekend. ( ) A. if B. that C. whether D. what 10. (2024・河南郑州中考)They consider ______ important that everyone should follow the traffic rules. ( ) A. it B. this C. that D. what 八、强化训练(满分 100 分) (一)单项选择题(每题 4 分,共 40 分) 1. ______ is a good habit to read books every day. ( ) A. This B. That C. It D. One 2. I think ______ easy to remember English words by making sentences. ( ) A. that B. it C. this D. what 3. It is polite ______ you to give your seat to the old on the bus. ( ) A. of B. for C. to D. with 4. The manager makes ______ a rule that all workers must wear uniforms. ( ) A. that B. it C. this D. one 5. It is necessary ______ us to learn how to protect ourselves. ( ) A. of B. for C. with D. about 6. She finds ______ interesting that she can talk with foreigners in English. ( ) A. it B. that C. this D. what 7. It is unknown ______ the meeting will be held next Monday. ( ) A. if B. whether C. that D. when 8. We consider ______ a honor to be invited to the party. ( ) A. this B. it C. that D. one 9. It is foolish ______ him to spend too much time playing computer games. ( ) A. of B. for C. to D. with 10. He thinks ______ important to practice speaking English every day. ( ) A. that B. it C. this D. which (二)填空题(每空 3 分,共 30 分) 11. It is important ______(we)to master basic English grammar. 12. I find ______ difficult to finish the report in such a short time. 13. It is true ______ the earth is round. 14. The teacher makes ______ a rule for students ______(hand)in homework on time. 15. It is kind ______ you ______(help)me with my math homework. 16. She thinks ______ interesting ______(read)history books. 17. It is unknown ______ he will arrive here tomorrow. 18. We feel ______ a pity that we can’t go hiking this weekend. 19. It is a waste of time ______(watch)TV for too long every day. 20. They consider ______ necessary ______(learn)a second language in the future. (三)句型转换与翻译(每题 5 分,共 30 分) 21. 用形式主语句型改写:To help others is meaningful. _________________________________________________ 22. 用形式宾语句型改写:I think that learning English well is important. _________________________________________________ 23. 翻译句子:对孩子们来说,每天锻炼半小时很有益。 _________________________________________________ 24. 改正错误:It is clever for him to work out the math problem. _________________________________________________ 25. 翻译句子:她发现和朋友一起逛公园很开心。 _________________________________________________ 26. 改正错误:We believe important that we should protect wild animals. _________________________________________________ 九、所有练习答案与解析 (一)重点练习答案与解析 (一)形式主语句型练习(8 题) 1. 答案:It is important to learn English well. 解析:原句真正主语为不定式 “To learn English well”,采用形式主语句型时,用 it 作形式主语置于句首,真正主语后置,符合 “it + be + adj. + to do sth.” 结构,使句子结构更平衡。 2. 答案:for;of 解析:第一空 “necessary” 描述 “早起” 这件事的客观性质,不指向人的品质,故用 for;第二空 “clever” 用于描述 “him” 的个人能力与品质,且可转换为 “He is clever to solve the problem”,故用 of。 3. 答案:It is good for our health to exercise every day. / It is good for our health exercising every day. 解析:真正主语可选择不定式 “to exercise every day” 或动名词 “exercising every day”,均需用 it 作形式主语;“对健康有好处” 用 “be good for our health”,符合形式主语句型的 “it + be + adj. + 真正主语” 结构。 4. 答案:that the earth goes around the sun 解析:真正主语为 that 引导的陈述句从句,“地球绕太阳转” 是客观真理,需用一般现在时 “goes around”;从句作真正主语时,需用 it 作形式主语,符合 “it + be + adj. + that 从句” 结构。 5. 答案:It is unknown whether he will come to the party. 解析:主语从句中表 “是否” 需用 whether,不可用 if(if 仅可用于宾语从句表 “是否”),故将 if 改为 whether,确保语法规范。 6. 答案:to help 解析:句型为 “it + be + n. + to do sth.”,其中 “a pleasure” 为名词表语,真正主语需用不定式形式,故填 to help,符合 “做某事是一种乐趣” 的语义。 7. 答案:It is a bad habit to waste food. / It is a bad habit wasting food. 解析:真正主语可选用不定式 “to waste food” 或动名词 “wasting food”,用 it 作形式主语;“不好的习惯” 用 “a bad habit” 作表语,符合 “it + be + n. + 真正主语” 结构,表达 “浪费食物这一行为属于坏习惯” 的含义。 8. 答案:B 解析:“difficult” 用于描述 “老年人快速学习新技术” 这件事的难度,不指向人的品质,故需用 for,选 B;of 用于形容词描述人品质的场景,to 和 with 无此搭配用法。 (二)形式宾语句型练习(8 题) 1. 答案:I find it easy to finish the work in an hour. 解析:原句真正宾语为不定式 “to finish the work in an hour”,采用形式宾语句型时,用 it 作形式宾语置于谓语 “find” 后,宾语补足语 “easy” 紧跟 it,真正宾语后置,符合 “主语 + find + it + adj. + to do sth.” 结构。 2. 答案:to read 解析:句型为 “主语 + think + it + adj. + to do sth.”,“it” 作形式宾语,“interesting” 为宾语补足语,真正宾语需用不定式形式,故填 to read,表达 “她认为读科幻小说很有趣” 的语义。 3. 答案:We think it strange that he didn’t pass the exam. 解析:谓语动词用 “think”,用 it 作形式宾语,“strange” 作宾语补足语,真正宾语为 that 引导的从句 “he didn’t pass the exam”,符合 “主语 + think + it + adj. + that 从句” 结构,使 “奇怪” 这一感受紧跟谓语,句子逻辑更清晰。 4. 答案:The teacher makes it a rule to get up at 6 a.m. 解析:“make” 后接形式宾语时,真正宾语若表 “习惯性动作”,用不定式更符合表达习惯;原句 that 从句 “that he gets up at 6 a.m.” 可简化为不定式 “to get up at 6 a.m.”,结构为 “make + it + n. + to do sth.”,避免从句作宾语导致的结构冗余。 5. 答案:C 解析:形式宾语句型中,需用 it 指代后面的不定式 “to protect the environment”,that、this、one 均不可作形式宾语,故选 C。 6. 答案:it 解析:句型为 “主语 + feel + it + n. + that 从句”,“it” 作形式宾语,指代后面的 that 从句 “我不能参加你的生日派对”,“a pity” 为宾语补足语,故填 it,符合语法结构。 7. 答案:She finds it happy to play with children. / She finds it happy playing with children. 解析:谓语动词用 “find”,用 it 作形式宾语,“happy” 作宾语补足语,真正宾语可选用不定式 “to play with children” 或动名词 “playing with children”,均符合 “主语 + find + it + adj. + 真正宾语” 结构,表达 “她觉得和孩子们玩很开心” 的语义。 8. 答案:We believe it necessary to learn a second language. 解析:改为形式宾语句型时,用 it 作形式宾语置于谓语 “believe” 后,宾语补足语 “necessary” 紧跟 it,真正宾语 “to learn a second language”(原句 that 从句省略后核心内容)后置,符合 “主语 + believe + it + adj. + to do sth.” 结构,使句子更简洁流畅。 (二)难点练习答案与解析(10 题) 1. 答案:B 解析:“polite” 用于描述 “you” 的礼貌品质,且可转换为 “You are polite to say ‘thank you’ when someone helps you”,故需用 of,选 B;for 用于形容词描述事物性质的场景,to 和 with 无此搭配用法。 2. 答案:We consider it necessary that we learn team work. / We consider it necessary to learn team work. 解析:形式宾语句型结构为 “consider + it + adj. + 真正宾语”,真正宾语若为从句,需用 that 引导(从句谓语用原形 “learn” 更简洁),也可简化为不定式 “to learn team work”;用 it 作形式宾语,“necessary” 作宾语补足语,符合 “主语 + consider + it + adj. + 真正宾语” 结构。 3. 答案:句子错误,改正为:It is good of him to be honest. 解析:“honest” 用于描述 “him” 的诚实品质,且可转换为 “He is good to be honest”,故需将 for 改为 of;for 用于形容词描述事物性质,此处不符合语义逻辑。 4. 答案:it 解析:句型为 “make + it + n. + that 从句”,“it” 作形式宾语,指代后面的 that 从句 “所有员工必须穿制服”,“a rule” 为宾语补足语,故填 it,符合形式宾语句型结构。 5. 答案:It is nice of you to help me with my math. 解析:采用形式主语句型,“nice” 描述 “you” 的友好品质,用 of 连接逻辑主语 “you”,真正主语为不定式 “to help me with my math”,符合 “it + be + adj. + of sb. + to do sth.” 结构,表达 “你帮我学数学这件事体现了你的友好” 的语义。 6. 答案:I feel it interesting to watch documentaries. 解析:形式宾语句型中,需用 it 作形式宾语置于谓语 “feel” 后,宾语补足语 “interesting” 紧跟 it,真正宾语为不定式 “to watch documentaries”;原句多余的 that 需删除,加 it 后符合 “主语 + feel + it + adj. + to do sth.” 结构。 7. 答案:B 解析:“dangerous” 用于描述 “孩子在河边玩” 这件事的危险性质,不指向人的品质,故需用 for,选 B;of 用于形容词描述人品质的场景,with 和 about 无此搭配用法。 8. 答案:It is exciting that he will visit us next week. 解析:原句真正主语为 that 从句 “That he will visit us next week”,采用形式主语句型时,用 it 作形式主语置于句首,“exciting” 作表语,真正主语后置,符合 “it + be + adj. + that 从句” 结构,避免句子头重脚轻。 9. 答案:it 解析:句型为 “主语 + think + it + adj. + that 从句”,“it” 作形式宾语,指代后面的 that 从句 “她必须在一天内完成两份报告”,“difficult” 作宾语补足语,故填 it,符合形式宾语句型结构。 10. 答案:We find it useful to remember 10 English words every day. 解析:采用形式宾语句型,谓语动词用 “find”,it 作形式宾语,“useful” 作宾语补足语,真正宾语为不定式 “to remember 10 English words every day”,符合 “主语 + find + it + adj. + to do sth.” 结构,表达 “我们发现每天记 10 个单词很有用” 的语义。 (三)3 年内真题训练答案与解析(10 题) 1. 答案:C 解析:形式主语句型中,需用 it 指代后面的不定式 “to protect the environment”,this、that、one 均不可作形式主语,故选 C。 2. 答案:B 解析:形式宾语句型中,需用 it 指代后面的不定式 “to collect stamps”,this、that、one 均不可作形式宾语,故选 B。 3. 答案:of 解析:“kind” 用于描述 “you” 的善良品质,且可转换为 “You are kind to help me carry the heavy box”,符合 “it + be + adj. + of sb. + to do sth.” 结构,故填 of。 4. 答案:C 解析:形式宾语句型中,需用 it 指代后面的不定式 “to learn a foreign language well”,what、this、that 均不可作形式宾语,故选 C。 5. 答案:that 解析:真正主语为 that 引导的陈述句从句 “the sun rises in the east and sets in the west”,“太阳东升西落” 是客观真理,从句需用 that 引导,故填 that,符合 “it + be + adj. + that 从句” 结构。 6. 答案:A 解析:形式宾语句型中,需用 it 指代后面的 that 从句 “we must hand in our homework on time”,that、this、one 均不可作形式宾语,故选 A。 7. 答案:B 解析:“difficult” 用于描述 “老年人使用智能手机” 这件事的难度,不指向人的品质,符合 “it + be + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.” 结构,故选 B。 8. 答案:it 解析:句型为 “主语 + feel + it + n. + that 从句”,“it” 作形式宾语,指代后面的 that 从句 “我不能和你去听音乐会”,“a pity” 为宾语补足语,故填 it。 9. 答案:C 解析:主语从句中表 “是否” 需用 whether,if 不可用于主语从句表 “是否”;that 无 “是否” 含义,what 需在从句中作成分(此处从句不缺成分),故选 C。 10. 答案:A 解析:形式宾语句型中,需用 it 指代后面的 that 从句 “everyone should follow the traffic rules”,this、that、what 均不可作形式宾语,故选 A。 (四)强化训练答案与解析(满分 100 分) (一)单项选择题(每题 4 分,共 40 分) 1. 答案:C 解析:形式主语句型中,需用 it 指代后面的不定式 “to read books every day”,this、that、one 均不可作形式主语,故选 C。 2. 答案:B 解析:形式宾语句型中,需用 it 指代后面的不定式 “to remember English words by making sentences”,that、this、what 均不可作形式宾语,故选 B。 3. 答案:A 解析:“polite” 用于描述 “you” 给老人让座的礼貌品质,且可转换为 “You are polite to give your seat to the old on the bus”,符合 “it + be + adj. + of sb. + to do sth.” 结构,故选 A。 4. 答案:B 解析:形式宾语句型中,需用 it 指代后面的 that 从句 “all workers must wear uniforms”,that、this、one 均不可作形式宾语,故选 B。 5. 答案:B 解析:“necessary” 用于描述 “学习自我保护” 这件事的客观必要性,不指向人的品质,符合 “it + be + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.” 结构,故选 B。 6. 答案:A 解析:形式宾语句型中,需用 it 指代后面的 that 从句 “she can talk with foreigners in English”,that、this、what 均不可作形式宾语,故选 A。 7. 答案:B 解析:主语从句中表 “是否” 需用 whether,if 不可用于主语从句表 “是否”;that 无 “是否” 含义,when 表 “何时”(此处从句不缺时间状语),故选 B。 8. 答案:B 解析:形式宾语句型中,需用 it 指代后面的不定式 “to be invited to the party”,this、that、one 均不可作形式宾语,故选 B。 9. 答案:A 解析:“foolish” 用于描述 “him” 花太多时间玩电脑游戏的愚蠢行为,且可转换为 “He is foolish to spend too much time playing computer games”,符合 “it + be + adj. + of sb. + to do sth.” 结构,故选 A。 10. 答案:B 解析:形式宾语句型中,需用 it 指代后面的不定式 “to practice speaking English every day”,that、this、which 均不可作形式宾语,故选 B。 (二)填空题(每空 3 分,共 30 分) 11. 答案:for us 解析:“important” 描述 “掌握基础英语语法” 这件事的性质,用 for 连接逻辑主语 “we”(需用宾格 us),符合 “it + be + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.” 结构,故填 for us。 12. 答案:it 解析:句型为 “主语 + find + it + adj. + to do sth.”,“it” 作形式宾语,指代后面的不定式 “to finish the report in such a short time”,“difficult” 为宾语补足语,故填 it。 13. 答案:that 解析:真正主语为 that 引导的陈述句从句 “the earth is round”,“地球是圆的” 是客观事实,从句需用 that 引导,故填 that。 14. 答案:it;to hand 解析:第一空,“make” 后需用 it 作形式宾语,指代后面的真正宾语,符合 “make + it + n. + for sb. + to do sth.” 结构;第二空,真正宾语为不定式,“hand in homework” 表示 “交作业”,故填 to hand。 15. 答案:of;to help 解析:第一空,“kind” 描述 “you” 的品质,符合 “it + be + adj. + of sb. + to do sth.” 结构,故填 of;第二空,真正主语为不定式,“help sb. with sth.” 表示 “帮助某人做某事”,故填 to help。 16. 答案:it;to read 解析:第一空,“think” 后需用 it 作形式宾语,指代后面的真正宾语,符合 “think + it + adj. + to do sth.” 结构;第二空,真正宾语为不定式,“read history books” 表示 “读历史书”,故填 to read。 17. 答案:whether 解析:主语从句中表 “是否” 需用 whether,if 不可用于主语从句表 “是否”,故填 whether,符合 “it + be + adj. + whether 从句” 结构。 18. 答案:it 解析:“feel” 后需用 it 作形式宾语,指代后面的 that 从句,符合 “feel + it + n. + that 从句” 结构,“a pity” 为宾语补足语,故填 it。 19. 答案:watching 解析:“a waste of time” 后接动名词,构成 “it + be + a waste of time + doing sth.” 结构,“watch TV” 表示 “看电视”,故填 watching。 20. 答案:it;to learn 解析:第一空,“consider” 后需用 it 作形式宾语,指代后面的真正宾语,符合 “consider + it + adj. + to do sth.” 结构;第二空,真正宾语为不定式,“learn a second language” 表示 “学一门第二语言”,故填 to learn。 (三)句型转换与翻译(每题 5 分,共 30 分) 21. 答案:It is meaningful to help others. 解析:原句真正主语为不定式 “To help others”,形式主语句型需将真正主语后置,用 it 作形式主语,符合 “it + be + adj. + to do sth.” 结构,使句子结构更平衡。 22.答案:I think it important to learn English well. 解析:原句真正宾语为 that 从句 “that learning English well”,形式宾语句型需将真正宾语简化为不定式并后置,用 it 作形式宾语,“important” 作宾语补足语,符合 “think + it + adj. + to do sth.” 结构。 23. 答案:It is good for children to exercise for half an hour every day. 解析:采用形式主语句型,“it” 作形式主语,真正主语为不定式 “to exercise for half an hour every day”,“for children” 表示 “对孩子们来说”,“good” 表示 “有益的”,符合 “it + be + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.” 结构。 24. 答案:It is clever of him to work out the math problem. 解析:“clever” 描述 “him” 的品质,需将 for 改为 of,符合 “it + be + adj. + of sb. + to do sth.” 结构,使语义逻辑正确。 25.答案:She finds it happy to go to the park with friends. / She finds it happy going to the park with friends. 解析:采用形式宾语句型,“find” 作谓语,it 作形式宾语,“happy” 作宾语补足语,真正宾语可选用不定式 “to go to the park with friends” 或动名词 “going to the park with friends”,符合 “find + it + adj. + 真正宾语” 结构。 26. 答案:We believe it important that we should protect wild animals. 解析:“believe” 后缺形式宾语 it,需补充 it 置于 “believe” 与 “important” 之间,符合 “believe + it + adj. + that 从句” 结构,使句子语法完整。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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2026年中考英语语法复习:形式主语句型&形式宾语句型(重难点、易错点+中考真题+强化训练)
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2026年中考英语语法复习:形式主语句型&形式宾语句型(重难点、易错点+中考真题+强化训练)
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2026年中考英语语法复习:形式主语句型&形式宾语句型(重难点、易错点+中考真题+强化训练)
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