精品解析：天津市蓟州区第二中学2024-2025学年高一下学期第二次月考英语试卷

天津市蓟州区第二中学2024-2025学年高一下学期第二次月考英语试卷 满分：130分 考试时间：100分钟 第Ⅰ卷 本卷共55小题，共95分。 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 从选项中，选出最佳选项。 1. As you forward into this new _________ in your life. I hope you'll realise early that we are most often held back by the limitations we put on ourselves — by the stories we tell ourselves about who and what we are. A. sentence B. cover C. chapter D. price 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你迈入人生的这一新篇章，我希望你能尽早意识到，我们最常被自己设下的限制所阻碍 —— 被那些我们告诉自己的、关于“我是谁、我能成为什么”的借口所束缚。A. sentence句子；B. cover封面，覆盖物；C. chapter篇章；D. price价格。根据“in your life”可知，此处指进入人生的新篇章。故选C。 2. I thought about all those young people who would not _________ go to the next town to buy their favourite hamburgers and chips. A. have to B. may C. shall D. used to 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词（短语）词义辨析。句意：我想到了所有那些年轻人，他们将不必再去邻近的城镇买他们最喜欢的汉堡和薯条了。A. have to不得不，必须；B. may可能，可以；C. shall将要（用于第一人称），应该（用于第二、三人称表规定或警告）；D. used to过去常常。分析选择答案的依据：句子中“would not”后接动词原形，结合语境，此处表达“不再需要做某事”的含义，would not have to即“将不必”，能准确体现“年轻人无需再特意去邻镇买食物”的语义。故选A项。 3. But what remains important is that we have an incredible _________ to think and create, and that’s the real spirit of invention. A. desire B. role C. concern D. behavior 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但重要的是，我们拥有一种强烈的思考与创造欲，而这正是真正的发明精神。A. desire渴望，欲望；B. role角色；C. concern关心；D. behavior行为。根据后文“to think and create, and that’s the real spirit of invention”可知，发明精神需要拥有一种强烈的思考与创造欲，故选A。 4. When we’re at home, she keeps _________ me to study all the time. A. coming B. collapsing C. staying D. pressing 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们在家时，她一直不断催促我学习。A. coming来；B. collapsing倒塌；C. staying停留；D. pressing催促，逼迫。根据“me to study all the time”可知，这里表达她一直催促“我”学习，press sb. to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为“催促某人做某事”，所以pressing符合语境。故选D。 5. The screen at these theatres _________ the audience. A. surrounds B. supports C. passes D. requires 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些剧院的屏幕环绕着观众。A. surrounds 环绕，包围；B. supports 支持，支撑；C. passes 传递，通过；D. requires 需要，要求。结合剧院场景特点，部分特色剧院（如环形影院、沉浸式影院）的屏幕设计会呈现“环绕观众”的形态，以营造沉浸式体验。“surround”表示“环绕”，能准确描述屏幕与观众之间的空间位置关系，故选A项。 6. Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton's head and led him to come up with his _________ of gravity. A. theory B. regulation C. procedure D. assumption 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有人甚至对“苹果落地启发牛顿提出万有引力理论”的故事提出了质疑。A. theory理论；B. regulation规则；C. procedure程序；D. assumption假定。由句意和常识可知，苹果落地启发牛顿提出万有引力这一理论。故选A项。 7. These are some of the Olympic athletes who have brought joy to people across the world with their _________ to push the boundaries of human achievement. A. adventures B. accidents C. attempts D. attacks 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这些奥运选手通过努力突破人类成就极限，全球人民带来了欢乐。A. adventures冒险；B. accidents意外，事故；C. attempts尝试，努力；D. attacks攻击。根据上文“who have brought joy to people across the world ”可知，奥运选手通过努力突破人类成就极限，为全球人民带来了欢乐。故选C项。 8. Sven found the remains of buildings buried _________ the sand, together with a lot of treasures, including coins, painted pots, material such as silk, documents and wall paintings. A. above B. beneath C. on D. over 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：斯文发现了埋在沙子下面的建筑遗迹，以及许多珍宝，包括硬币、彩壶、丝绸等材料、文件和壁画。A. above在……上面，表示在表面之上；B. beneath在……下面；C. on在……上面，表示接触表面；D. over在……上方，表示覆盖或在上方，但不一定接触。根据前文“the remains of buildings buried”可知，建筑遗迹被埋在沙子下面。故选B。 9. This character was a social _________ but was loved for his optimism and determination to overcome all difficulties. A. failure B. achievement C. regret D. loss 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个角色是社会生活中的失败者，但是他的乐观精神和战胜困难的决心使得他深受（观众的）喜爱。A. failure失败的人或事；B. achievement成就；C. regret遗憾；D. loss损失。根据“but was loved for his optimism and determination to overcome all difficulties.”推知，该角色是社会生活中的失败者，名词failure“失败的人”符合题意。故选A。 10. In order to save this _________ from extinction, the Chinese government placed it under national protection. A. shapes B. species C. categories D. industries 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了拯救这一物种免于灭绝，中国政府将其置于国家保护之下。A. shapes形状；B. species物种；C. categories类别；D. industries行业。根据上下文可知，此处指“拯救这一物种”。故选B。 11. Although it has been proved that Franklin’s _________ took place, more than one scientist has questioned what really happened. A. course B. presentation C. experiment D. game 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管富兰克林做实验一事已被证实，但不止一位科学家对当时究竟发生了什么提出了质疑。A. course课程；B. presentation仪式；C. experiment实验；D. game游戏。根据后文“took place, more than one scientist has questioned what really happened”可知，指富兰克林做实验的事情虽然已被证实，但不止一位科学家对当时究竟发生了什么提出了质疑。故选C。 12. Nowadays, most lanterns are made with light bulbs and _________, and they come in many shapes and sizes. A. batteries B. baskets C. barrels D. bargains 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，大多数灯笼都是用灯泡和电池制作的，而且它们有很多形状和尺寸。 A. batteries电池； B. baskets篮子； C. barrels桶； D. bargains交易，便宜货。 根据“most lanterns are made with light bulbs”可知，大多数灯笼都是用灯泡制作的，所以此处是指用灯泡和电池制作灯笼。故填A。 13. To emphasise the woman even more, Chen adds a lot of detail to the fan and the _________ of her dress, and chooses to paint the background behind the woman black. A. paper B. solutions C. cloth D. brushes 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了更突出这位女性，陈给扇子和裙子的布料添加了大量细节，并选择将女性身后的背景涂成黑色。A. paper纸；B. solutions解决方法；C. cloth布料；D. brushes刷子。由“her dress”可知是裙子的布料。故选C项。 14. Finally, remember to warm up before exercising and __________________ at the end of your workout. A. delay B. stretch C. follow D. change 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，请记得在锻炼前做好热身运动，在锻炼结束时进行拉伸。A. delay延误，耽搁；B. stretch伸展，拉伸；C. follow跟随，跟从；D. change改变。根据语境“warm up before exercising(在锻炼前做好热身运动)”以及“at the end of your workout(在锻炼结束时)”可推知，这里在表达运动前和运动后的注意事项，结合常识，应是“热身”和“拉伸”。故选B项。 15. Like any exercise, running increases the flow of blood and __________________ to your brain. A. oxygen B. medicine C. mineral D. protein 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：和任何运动一样，跑步能增加流向大脑的血液和氧气。A. oxygen氧气；B. medicine药；C. mineral矿物质；D. protein蛋白质。根据运动生理学常识可知，运动时血液循环速度加快，会进一步提升向大脑的氧气供给量。故选A项。 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的选项中，选出最佳选项。 I work as the reception manager at my hotel. A ___16___came in a few weeks ago with a note saying that the guest would be travelling with her____17____ father. His daughter wanted to make his trip to Ireland as ___18___as possible. Upon seeing this note, I ___19___I would be the one to check them in as I was scheduled for their arrival time. I ___20___to learn some very basic sign language. I ___21___ the guest in my usual fashion, asking for the surname on the booking. Once I heard the name I ___22___ immediately who was standing in front of me. I had been learning for two weeks how to say "welcome to Ireland. My sign language is ___23___, but please if you need anything during your stay just let me know and we will help you". I ___24___ at the father and daughter and greeted him in the sign language I had learned for him. His daughter broke down ___25___ and called me sweet when she learned about the truth. But the father just smiled and was so ___26___. Honestly, seeing his ___27___ was enough for me. It was so worth the last few weeks of learning basic sign language. On check-out, I ___28___ wasn't working, but they had ___29___ a gift for me---a small box with some chocolates and a book on sign language. Inside was a ___30___ saying "Thank you very much for what you did on check-in. You have no idea how much this ___31___ to my father and me. We can't ___32___ you enough. You've made his trip home to his family after 50 years very ___33___ with one simple gesture". They wrote a letter to the general manager, ___34___ to give me a raise, which I really ___35___. I cried for 5 minutes when I came into work today to find this gift in my locker. 16. A. stranger B. woman C. booking D. call 17. A. deaf B. retired C. lonely D. blind 18. A. exciting B. cheap C. smooth D. long 19. A. worried B. knew C. thought D. hoped 20. A. pretended B. preferred C. had D. decided 21. A. greeted B. eyed C. helped D. attended 22. A. recognized B. realized C. wondered D. remembered 23. A. excellent B. helpful C. terrible D. useless 24. A. smiled B. stared C. pointed D. shouted 25. A. laughing B. singing C. complaining D. crying 26. A. entertained B. embarrassed C. happy D. encouraged 27. A. presence B. disability C. appearance D. reaction 28. A. fortunately B. sadly C. hopefully D. recently 29. A. left B. made C. posted D. ordered 30. A. book B. poster C. proverb D. note 31. A. showed B. meant C. happened D. explained 32. A. help B. pay C. give D. thank 33. A. useful B. special C. meaningless D. important 34. A. asking B. offering C. promising D. demanding 35. A. needed B. cared C. appreciated D. deserved 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。 讲述作者在宾馆做接待经理，为迎接失聪客人专门学习手语，给客人留下感动和难忘的旅程的小故事。 【16题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有人留下便条预订，上面写着这位客人将和她失聪的父亲一起旅行。A. stranger陌生人；B. woman女人；C. booking预订；D. call电话。根据前文作者在宾馆前台经理，可知收到的是客人的预订。故选C项。 【17题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有人留下便条预订，上面写着这位客人将和她失聪的父亲一起旅行。A. deaf聋的，失聪的；B. retired退休的；C. lonely孤独的；D. blind失明的。根据下文作者特意学习sign language手势语。故选A项。 【18题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的女儿想使他的爱尔兰之行尽可能顺利。A. exciting兴奋的；B. cheap便宜的；C. smooth安稳的，顺利的；D. long长的。根据语境，smooth更恰当，符合客人带父亲旅行的愿望。故选C项。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一看到这张便条，我就知道按照日程安排，我会在他们到达时为他们办理入住手续。A. worried担心；B. knew知道；C. thought想，认为；D. hoped希望。根据日程安排，knew更恰当。故选B项。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析和语境分析。句意：我决定学习一些非常基本的手势语。A. pretended假装；B. preferred喜欢；C. had有；D. decided决定。根据前文了解客人父亲的情况，失聪的，作为接待经理，应该是决定学习手势语方便为客人办理入住。故选D项。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以我惯常的方式迎接客人，在预订时询问姓氏。A. greeted欢饮，迎接；B. eyed观看，盯着看；C. helped帮助；D. attended参加。根据前文可知作者为接待经理，所以迎接客人符合句意。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一听到这个名字，我立刻意识到站在我面前的是谁。A. recognized认出；B. realized意识到，领悟；C. wondered想知道；D. remembered记住。根据句意和语境， realized更恰当。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我已经学习两个星期怎样去说“欢迎来到爱尔兰。我的手语很糟糕，但是如果你在逗留期间需要什么，请告诉我，我们会帮你的。” A. excellent优秀的；B. helpful有帮助的；C. terrible糟糕的；D. useless没用的。根据句意以及作者为了迎接客人学习的手势语，可知terrible更恰当。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析和语境分析。句意：我朝父亲和女儿微笑，用我为他学的手语向他打招呼。 A. smiled微笑；B. stared盯着看；C. pointed指出；D. shouted大喊。根据语境分析，迎接客人应该是微笑并打招呼。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查非谓语动词词义辨析。句意：当她得知真相时，他的女儿忍不住哭并且甜美的称呼我。 A. laughing大笑；B. singing唱歌；C. complaining抱怨；D. crying哭。根据得知真相，她的女儿应该是感动，忍不住哭泣。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查非谓语动词词义辨析和语境分析。句意：但父亲只是微笑，很高兴。A. entertained娱乐的，使人开心的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. happy开心的，幸福的；D. encouraged受鼓舞的。根据前文的微笑相呼应，happy更符合语境。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：老实说，看他的反应对我来说足够了。A. presence出席；B. disability无能力，残疾；C. appearance出现，露面；D. reaction反应。根据前文作者为客人学习手语，客人很开心，下文写到前几周学习手语是值得的。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析和语境分析。句意：退房的时候，遗憾的是，我不当班，但是他们给我留了份礼物--一小盒巧克力和一本关于手语的书。A. fortunately幸运地；B. sadly悲伤地；C. hopefully希望地；D. recently最近。根据语境，由于退房时我不当班，所以sadly更符合语境。故选B项。 29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：退房的时候，遗憾的是，我不当班，但是他们给我留了份礼物--一小盒巧克力和一本关于手语的书。A. left留下；B. made制作；C. posted邮寄；D. ordered订购。由于我不当班，所以是给我留了份礼物。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析和语境分析。句意：里面有一张纸条，上面写着：“非常感谢你在办理入住手续时所做的一切。A. book书；B. poster海报；C. proverb谚语；D. note便条。根据语境分析, 因为没有见面, 所以用便条留言。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你不知道这对我父亲和我意味着什么。A. showed显示；B. meant意味着；C. happened发生；D. explained解释。根据下文可知，这对于客人和他的父亲很特别，所以应该是意味着什么。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们感激不尽。A. help帮助；B. pay支付；C. give给予；D. thank感谢，感激。他们非常感激作者的行为。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析语。句意： 50年后，你用一个简单的手势使他回家与家人团聚，这很特别”。 A. useful有用的；B. special特别的；C. meaningless无意义的；D. important重要的。根据句意，这件事是非常特别的，有意义的。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查非谓语动词词义辨析。句意：他们给总经理写了一封信，请求给我加薪，我真的很感激。A. asking请求；B. offering提供；C. promising允诺；D. demanding要求。根据前文，客人对作者感激不尽，可知请求为作者加薪。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们给总经理写了一封信，要求给我加薪，我真的很感激。A. needed需要；B. cared关心；C. appreciated；D. deserved值得，该得。Which引导的非限制性定语从句，指前面这件事，作者对这件事是非常感激的。故选C项。 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中，选出最佳选项。 （A） Canadian singer and song writer, Alanis Morissette, is used to being in the public eye. Her most famous album(专辑)Jagged Little Pill, came out in 1995 when she was only twenty-one years old. It sold 15 million copies and made her world famous. Since then she has made several more albums and she has continued giving great performances on stage. Last Thursday night, hundreds of fans went to the Corn Exchange in Cambridge, England to see Alanis Morissette performing in concert. It was Morissette's first performance in England since her song "Uninvited" won this year's Grammy Award for the best rock song. The 30-year-old singer has a strong fan base in England. There was not an empty seat anywhere in the concert hall at last Thursday's event, although it was an extremely cold night. “Sure it's cold outside, but I hope we'll warm it up in here for you”, Morissette said to the large crowd before she started to play. During the 3-hour concert, Morissette used a lot of material from her award-winning album "Jagged Little Pill". She also played a few songs from her new album, such as "Everything But…”, which tells the story of someone looking for love in the wrong places. Morissette gave a creative and powerful performance in another song “Utopia”. Her singing was full of feelings; the first part of the song was filled with anger, while the last part expressed love and joy. Although the concert hall was cold and the sound system caused a few problems, the audience could still enjoy the concert. Many people in the crowd were obviously long-time fans and they knew the words and sang along to nearly every song throughout the concert. The atmosphere inside the concert hall was extremely exciting. Everyone agreed that they were greatly impressed by Morissette's brilliant music and sing. At the end of the three hours, Morissette showed that she was a true performer, singing a well-known song “Heartache”. She finished the evening with a new song about the life of a superstar. While I watched and listened, I knew that I was seeing the performance of a real superstar. 36. Which of the following facts CAN’T prove that the performance was successful? A. There wasn’t an empty seat in the concert hall at the event. B. The fans sang along to nearly every song throughout the concert. C. The song "Uninvited" won this year's Grammy Award for the best rock song. D. Although it was cold in the concert hall, the atmosphere inside was exciting. 37 How many albums of Alanis’ are mentioned in the passage? A. 5. B. 4. C. 3. D. 2. 38. What do we know about Alanis Morissette? A. Her album Jagged Little Pill made her world famous. B. Alanis Morissette came to perform in London for the first time. C. Her well-known song “Heartache” is about the life of a superstar. D. Morissette has got two awards in her life. 39. Which of the following word might have the closest meaning to “brilliant” in Paragraph 4? A. fast B. excellent C. popular D. strong 40. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Alanis—a True Performer B. A Successful Concert C. My Superstar D. Alanis and her Fans 【答案】36. C 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了加拿大歌手和作曲家阿兰妮丝·莫里塞特所取得的成就和她的一次演唱会。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。本题采取排除法。由第二段，第四段“ There was not an empty seat anywhere in the concert hall .they knew the words and sang along to nearly every song throughout the concert. The atmosphere inside the concert hall was extremely exciting”可知，在上周四，音乐厅没有一个空位。人群中的许多人很显然是忠实歌迷，他们知道歌词，并且几乎跟唱了每一首歌曲贯穿着音乐会，音乐厅中的气氛一直令人兴奋。所以A，B, D选项都能证明阿兰妮丝的演出很成功。故C选项不能证明阿兰妮丝的演出很成功。故选C项。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。由第三段中的“Jagged Little Pill". She also played a few songs from her new album, such as "Everything But…”可知，莫里塞特唱了大量来自她获奖专辑《Jagged Little Pill》的歌曲。她也演唱了来自她新专辑的部分少量歌曲，例如《Everything But...》。所以短文中提到了两张张阿兰尼斯的专辑。故选D项。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。由第一段“Her most famous album(专辑)Jagged Little Pill, came out in 1995 when she was only twenty-one years old. It sold 15 million copies and made her world famous”可知，她最著名的唱片《Jagged Little Pill》，于1995年发行，当时她只有21岁。这张专辑卖了1,500万张，也让她闻名世界。所以她的专辑《Jagged Little Pill》使她闻名世界。故选A项。 【39题详解】 词句猜测题。由第四段“the atmosphere inside the concert hall was extremely exciting. Everyone agreed that they were greatly impressed by Morissette's brilliant music and sing.”可知，音乐厅中的气氛一直令人兴奋。每个人都对莫里塞特杰出的音乐和演唱留下深刻的印象。所以通过上下文的语境可以判断出，在第4段中，excellent“卓越的”意思与brilliant最接近。故选B项。 【40题详解】 主旨大意题。通过全文尤其是最后段“Morissette showed that she was a true performe”可知，莫里塞特展现了她是一个真正的表演家。所以短文介绍了加拿大歌手和作曲家，阿兰妮丝·莫里塞特所取得的成就，她是一位真实的表演者。故短文的最佳标题为“阿兰妮丝—一位真实的表演者”。故选A项。 【点睛】由上下文的语境是解决词义猜测题的重要解题方法。划线词的意思往往是我们要猜测的意思。我们可以通过已知的上下文的词汇或者句子来猜测未知的意思。 由第四段“he atmosphere inside the concert hall was extremely exciting. Everyone agreed that they were greatly impressed by Morissette's brilliant music and sing.”可知，音乐厅中的气氛一直令人兴奋。每个人都对莫里塞特杰出的音乐和演唱留下深刻的印象。所以通过上下文的语境可以判断出，在第4段中，excellent“卓越的”意思与brilliant最接近。故小题4选B项。 （B） A is for always getting to work on time. B is for being extremely busy. C is for the conscientious (勤勤恳恳的) way you do your job. You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when it comes to getting ahead, experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office politics. Dale Carnegie suggested as much more than 50 years ago: Hard work alone doesn’t ensure career advancement. You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politics — a better job, a raise, praise — many people are still unable — or unwilling — to “play the game”. “People assume that office politics involves some manipulative (工于心计的) behavior.” says Deborah Comer, an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University. “But politics derives from the word ‘polite’. It can mean lobbying and forming associations. It can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying to please your superior, and then expecting something in return.” In fact, today, experts define office politics as proper behavior used to pursue one’s own self-interest in the workplace. In many cases, this involves some form of socializing within the office environment — not just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well. “The first thing people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on a consistent basis.” says Neil P. Lewis, a management psychologist. “But if two or three candidates are up for a promotion, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. It’s simple human nature.” Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office. Some people, they say, have an idealistic vision of work and what it takes to succeed. Still others associate politics with flattery (奉承), fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors. Experts suggest altering this negative picture by recognizing the need for some self-promotion. 41. The phrase “office politics” (Para.4) is used in the passage to refer to _________. A. the code of behavior for company staff B. the political views and beliefs of office workers C. the interpersonal relationships within a company D. the various qualities required for a successful career 42. To get promoted, one must not only be competent but _________. A. give his boss a good impression B. honest and loyal to his company C. get along well with his colleagues D. avoid being too outstanding 43. Why are many people unwilling to “play the game” (Para.5) ? A. They believe that doing so is impractical. B. They feel that such behavior is unprincipled. C. They are not good at manipulating colleagues. D. They think the effort will get them nowhere. 44. The author considers office politics to be _________. A. unwelcome at the workplace B. bad for interpersonal relationships C. indispensable to the development of company culture D. an important factor for personal advancement 45. It is the author’s view that _________. A. speaking up for oneself is part of human nature B. self-promotion does not necessarily mean flattery C. hard work contributes very little to one’s promotion D. many employees fail to recognize the need of flattery 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章以“职场政治”为话题展开，打破了人们对其“工于心计”的负面认知，指出其本质是职场中合理的人际交往与自我推销，且对个人职业发展至关重要。 【41题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章第七段内容“In fact, today, experts define office politics as, proper behavior used to pursue one’s own self-interest in the workplace. In many cases, this involves some form of socializing within the office environment—not just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well.(事实上，如今专家将办公室政治定义为：在工作场所为实现自身利益而采取的恰当行为。在很多情况下，这包括在办公室环境中进行某种形式的社交活动——不仅在大型公司如此，在小型工作场所也是如此。)”可知，文章中的“office politics(办公室政治)”理解为在工作场所为实现自身利益而采取的恰当行为，包含办公室社交在内，所以办公室政治是指一种人际关系。故选C项。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第八段内容“But if two or three candidates are up for a promotion, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. It’s simple human nature.(但如果有两个或三个候选人有资格获得晋升，而他们每个人的能力又都相当相近，那么管理者就会倾向于提拔自己最欣赏的那个人。这是很符合人类本性的行为。)”可知，若多名候选人能力相近，经理会晋升自己更喜欢的人。由此推知，“让老板产生好感”是除能力外的关键因素。故选A项。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第六段内容“People assume that office politics involves some manipulative behavior.(人们普遍认为，办公室政治包含着一些工于心计的行为。)”，而第九段内容“Still others associate politics with flattery, fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors.(还有一些人则将政治与阿谀奉承联系在一起，他们担心，如果自己为自己发声，可能会给人留下在讨好上司以换取好处的印象。)”则解释部分人将其与奉承关联，并担心显得“不道德”。由此推知，很多人不愿意“玩这种游戏”本质原因是认为这种行为 “不符合原则”。故选B项。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容“But when it comes to getting ahead, experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office politics.(但专家们表示，在谋求成功的过程中，商业领域的“ABC法则”中应当包含一个“P”——即“政治”，比如办公室里的政治关系。)”以及末尾段内容“Experts suggest altering this negative picture by recognizing the need for some self-promotion.(专家建议通过认识到自我推销的必要性来改变这种负面印象。)”可知，作者引用专家的观点和建议提出了“办公室政治”在工作中的重要性。由此推知，作者认为办公室政治对职业发展至关重要。故选D项。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段内容“Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office…Still others associate politics with flattery, fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors.(然而，心理学家表示，许多员工和雇主都难以理解办公室里“政治”概念……还有一些人将“政治”与奉承联系在一起，他们担心如果自己为自己发声，可能会给人留下是在讨好老板以换取好处的印象。)”以及末尾段内容“Experts suggest altering this negative picture by recognizing the need for some self-promotion.(专家建议通过认识到自我推销的必要性来改变这种负面印象。)”可知，在作者看来，办公室政治是自我推销的必要方式，将办公室政治，即自我推销，理解为“奉承”是一种误解，自我推销并不一定意味着奉承。故选B项。 （C） This fall, Apple will roll out its newest update. It will offer parents greater control over content their kid views. Additionally, it will track the amount of time they spend using an iOS device. Following Google’s lead to deal with smartphone addiction(上瘾), new tools will include increased monitoring, usage time and activity reports. Currently, Apple’s parental controls only allow for limiting usage of adult apps, music and video. There is growing public concern over unlimited exposure to social media for young people. Smartphone addiction combined with increased rates of distraction, suicide, and depression in teens led Apple to respond. It has developed better tools for monitoring content and control over iOS device usage for parents. For moms and dads looking to more effectively manage how their teen accesses iOS devices, the Screen Time, App Limits, and Down Time features will be of particular help. Screen Time will generate daily and weekly reports detailing how many times users pick up their devices, the categories of apps and websites they use most often and the amount of time they spend interacting with each app. According to public statements, Apple intends these reports to help users get a greater understanding of how they use their devices. They’re also intended to assist in making personal decisions about controls they’d like to have. This is especially helpful to parents who aren’t privy(准许知情) to specific apps and websites their kid is using or how long they use them each day. The new App Limits feature allows parents to set limits on time spent on websites, apps or a category of apps. Also, parents will be able to set time periods for their child’s phone to be powered off. Down Time can be scheduled on devices. Parents can specify which apps can and can’t be used and when. If parents want to limit access to an entire category of apps, such as social media or gaming, during specified time periods for things like homework, diner, or bedtime, they can. The new parental controls are account-based. Parents can access Screen Time to view reports and set limits on their teen’s device remotely(远程地) via devices connected through Family Sharing or directly from their teen’s device. Totals for settings, usage reports, and limits set are based on usage across all of a users IOS devices. Thus, if a kid uses multiple iOS devices, he or she will reach a time limit on an app on their iPhone. The app will be inaccessible on their iPad as well. A screen notification will appear when a child is about to reach a time limit. The child can request more time from a parent. This update is good news for those who wish to have better insight into teen smartphone usage. Parents, however, should keep communicating rules and guidelines for healthy tech habits. 46. According to the second paragraph, why did Apple decide to release this update? A. The technology has developed a lot since the last update. B. Apple is under public pressure to solve a growing social problem. C. Teens’ growing mental problems make iPhone unpopular among parents. D. The current iOS devices help little in limiting teens’ exposure to adult apps. 47. Which of the following about the new iOS features is TRUE? A. With Screen Time, parents can know what their teens do on social media. B. App Limits require parents to set limits directly on their teens’ devices. C. It is possible for parents to limit access to more than one app at a time. D. Parents can turn off their teens’ phones without setting in advance. 48. Which word has the similar meaning to the underlined word “notification” in the seventh paragraph? A. warning B. note C. figure D. post 49. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs? A. This new update alone cannot help teens develop healthy tech habits. B. Kids with addiction to social media may also be satisfied with this update. C. There’s no chance for parents to give more time if the kid reaches the limit. D. If a kid reaches a time limit on his/her iPhone, he/she can go on to use iPad. 50. Which of the following would be the best title of this passage? A. Parents Find Ways to Control the Screen Time of Your Kids. B. Apple Follows Google’s Lead to Have More Functions. C. Parents Should Have Greater Control over the Usage of smartphones. D. Apple’s Newest Update Helps Parents Monitor Kids’ Cellphone Usage. 【答案】46. B 47. C 48. A 49. A 50. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。苹果公司面临着解决日益严重的社会问题的公众压力决定发布更新消息。苹果公司的最新更新可以帮助父母监控孩子的手机使用情况。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中Currently, Apple’s parental controls only allow for limiting usage of adult apps, music and video. There is growing public concern over unlimited exposure to social media for young people.可知，根据第二段，苹果之所以决定发布这个更新是因为苹果公司面临着解决日益严重的社会问题的公众压力。故选B。 【47题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中It has developed better tools for monitoring content and control over iOS device usage for parents. For moms and dads looking to more effectively manage how their teen accesses iOS devices, the Screen Time, App Limits, and Down Time features will be of particular help.可知，家长可以限制一次使用多个应用程序。故选C。 【48题详解】 词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中The app will be inaccessible on their iPad as well. A screen notification will appear when a child is about to reach a time limit. The child can request more time from a parent. 这款应用程序在他们的iPad上也无法使用。当孩子快到时间限制时，屏幕上会显示一个通知。孩子可以向父母要求更多的时间。由此推知划线词的意思是“警告，通知”，故选A。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后两段，尤其是最后一段This update is good news for those who wish to have better insight into teen smartphone usage. Parents, however, should keep communicating rules and guidelines for healthy tech habits.可知，仅仅这个新的更新并不能帮助青少年养成健康的科技习惯。故选A。 【50题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中This fall, Apple will roll out its newest update. It will offer parents greater control over content their kid views. Additionally, it will track the amount of time they spend using an iOS device.（今年秋天，苹果将推出最新的更新。它将为家长提供更大的控制内容，他们的孩子的看法。此外，它还会追踪用户使用iOS设备的时间。）由此可知D项Apple’s Newest Update Helps Parents Monitor Kids’ Cellphone Usage.（苹果公司的最新更新可以帮助父母监控孩子的手机使用情况。）是本文最佳主题。故选D。 【点睛】做词义猜测题时，利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键，最常见的就是利用上下文语境、常识和语法关系推断词义，尤其是划线词前后的内容要更加重视。本题第3小题，根据倒数第二段中The app will be inaccessible on their iPad as well. A screen notification will appear when a child is about to reach a time limit. The child can request more time from a parent. 这款应用程序在他们的iPad上也无法使用。当孩子快到时间限制时，屏幕上会显示一个通知。孩子可以向父母要求更多的时间。由此推知划线词的意思是“警告，通知”，故选A。 （D） Automated cars—once a far-off dream—have in recent years left the field of science fiction and come closer to the American garage. Leading U.S. automakers say that real self-driving cars are coming within two decades and they’re fighting to stay competitive. These advances promise relief to people sick of two-hour driving and heavy traffic, but they leave open questions for a society shaped around the automobile for the past century. Perhaps no area is more uncertain than the environmental impact of automated vehicles. One report from the Department of Energy found that automated vehicles could reduce fuel consumption(油耗) for passenger cars by as much as 90%, or increase it by more than 200%. That’s a huge difference considering that more than a quarter of U.S. greenhouse-gas emissions(排放) come from transportation, according to an expert. And scientists say reducing that figure will be the key to dealing with man-made climate change. “There’s a great energy influence possible,” says Jeff Gonder, a transportation researcher. “But there remains great uncertainty in the degree and even direction.” Depending on various factors, it remains to be seen how a future with automated cars will take shape. Most importantly, researchers expect that automated cars will lead to a sharp increase in the average miles traveled by a given vehicle. Key problems with driving a car, such as tiredness, age or drunkenness(醉酒), will disappear, and car owners will be free to travel further and more frequently. Workers may choose to live even further away from the office, deciding to sleep in the car or use that time to work out in it. And, once in the city, car owners might guide their vehicle to drive around in circles rather than pay for parking. “A lot of the uncertainty comes from not knowing how the value of people’s time is going to change,” says Don MacKenzie, a researcher at the University of Washington. “There will be some kind of cost connected with the travel, but it’s much less than it is today.” Researchers have tried to create a model of how humans might respond to automated driving using surveys, driving data and lab experiments, but eventually the great number of choices and assumptions involved in transportation has made reaching exact conclusions about driving behavior difficult. Engineers say that the largely accident-free vehicles can remove safety equipment, such as antilock brakes and airbags, which has increased the weight—and fuel consumption—of vehicles. Automated cars can also travel closer together, allowing them to take advantage of aerodynamics(气体力学). Trucking fleets(车队) are already trying to take advantage of this fuel-saving measure. 51. What message can we get from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2? A. Some automated cars have better qualities than others. B. One automated vehicle may consume much less fuel than another. C. We are not sure about the environmental impact of automated cars. D. We cannot make sure of the quality of automated cars. 52. Which is not the reason for a sharp increase in the miles run by a certain self-driving car? A. More convenient roads and fewer traffic jams. B. Workers’ living further away from the office. C. Choosing not to pay for parking but to drive around. D. The disappearance of various limits on drivers. 53. The missing sentence “Besides changed driving behaviors, simple technology advances will reduce the environmental damage of automated cars” should be put at the beginning of_______. A. Para. 5 B. Para. 6 C. Para. 7 D. Para. 8 54. After reading the passage, one may safely conclude that________. A. self-driving cars need less safety equipment because of receiving little damage in accidents B. those who have to drive a long distance to work are less likely to choose a self-driving car C. with more safety equipment, automated cars are much heavier than traditional ones D. traveling the same distance, a self-driving car consumes less fuel than a traditional one 55. The author writes this passage in order to ________. A. remind us of a bright future about the future of automated cars B. explain to us why self-driving cars might not need less fuel C. argue that self-driving cars are beneficial to the environment D. advise the readers not to be in a rush to buy an automated car 【答案】51. C 52. A 53. D 54. D 55. B 【解析】 【分析】文中作者介绍了自动驾驶汽车的环保设计及一些不确定因素。 【51题详解】 C 推理判断题。划线句子指一份来自美国能源部的报告发现，自动化汽车可以减少燃料消耗乘用车高达90%，或增加超过200%。根据两个数字和对比和上句Perhaps no area is more uncertain than the environmental impact of automated vehicles.可知，自动化汽车的油耗不稳定，对环境的影响也不确定。故选C。 【52题详解】 A 细节推理题。第五段Key problems with driving a car, such as tiredness, age or drunkenness (醉酒), will disappear, and car owners will be free to travel further and more frequently. Workers may choose to live even further away from the office, deciding to sleep in the car or use that time to work out in it. And, once in the city, car owners might guide their vehicle to drive around in circles rather than pay for parking.列举了自动化汽车的优点，A项不包括在内，故选A。 【53题详解】 D 推理判断题。该句句意：除了改变驾驶习惯，简单的技术进步也会减少自动汽车的环境损害。所以主要讲自动驾驶汽车的环保设计。第八段中remove safety equipment, which has increased the weight—and fuel consumption—of vehicles.和take advantage of this fuel-saving measure.提出减轻重量能减少油耗，利用空气动力学等设计减少对环境的损害。故选D。 【54题详解】 D 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，自动化汽车进行了环保设计，油耗少，对环境损害小。由此可推断与传统汽车相比，自动驾驶汽车行驶同样的距离会消耗更少的燃料。故选D。 【55题详解】 B 推理判断题。文中作者介绍了自动驾驶汽车的环保设计及一些不确定性，在油耗、程度和方向等方面的不确定性。故选B。 【名师点睛】 细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。但高考所占的比例大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：对文章或某一段落中的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语义转化题。直接理解题能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。 做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下： 1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨；文中作者介绍了自动驾驶汽车的环保设计及一些不确定因素。 2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实； 3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题2第五段Key problems with driving a car, such as tiredness, age or drunkenness (醉酒), will disappear, and car owners will be free to travel further and more frequently. Workers may choose to live even further away from the office, deciding to sleep in the car or use that time to work out in it. And, once in the city, car owners might guide their vehicle to drive around in circles rather than pay for parking.列举了自动化汽车的优点，A项不包括在内，其他项都是其优点。 第Ⅱ卷 本卷共6小题，共35分。 第三部分：写作 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 As any younger brother will tell you, having a big brother involves a lot of walking in someone else’s shadow, especially when you have a brother who is a typical example of “cool”. For years I wanted to do everything my elder brother Tyson did, but no matter how hard I tried, I was always the neglected (被忽略的) one. My legs just weren’t made to run like his. I could never play football or basketball well. I probably would have continued trying to keep up with him for the rest of my high school career, but when my family moved, everything changed. Tyson left for college, so I had to start at a new school all by myself. This new start gave me an opportunity to redefine myself and discover an entirely new version of “cool”. I don’t know what made me decide to try some new activities at the new school, but one day I chanced to show up for an after-school meeting of the Science Olympiad team. I had always been fascinated with chemistry, biology, and math, but since those interests hadn’t fit Tyson’s definition of “cool”, I had never pursued them. On this day, for some reason, I did. As we organized teams, prepared resources and practiced answering questions, I felt more connected than I ever had to any sports team. I didn’t feel as though I needed to keep up with anybody else; I was finally with peers who understood me. It was so good to feel accepted for what I’m good at. For the first time in my life, I actually felt cool. Now I know who I am! I’m Tyson’s little brother, but that’s only part of my identity. I’m a cool guy in my own way, too. I’m relieved to know that “cool” has a much broader definition than what I used to think. 56. How do you understand the underlined part in Paragraph 1? (no more than 8 words) _________________________ 57. What changes offered a new start to the author after his family moved? (no more than 15 words) _________________________ 58. According to Paragraph 3, what marked the turning point in the author’s growth? (no more than 7 words) _________________________ 59. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? (no more than 10 words) _________________________ 60. What is your example of “cool”? Please explain why. (no more than 20 words) _________________________ 【答案】56. Receiving less attention than someone else. Or: Being/Feeling less successful than someone else. Or: Being/Feeling neglected. 57. That his brother left for college and he changed schools. Or: Tyson’s leaving for college and the author’s going to/attending a new school. 58. Joining the Science Olympiad team. Or: That he joined the Science Olympiad team. Or: Discovering his true interests (in science). 59 (How) the author discovered a broader definition of “cool”. Or: He has discovered his own way to be cool. Or: He found his own identity. 60. Playing football well is cool because I can show how strong I am. Or: Playing the piano is cool because it can give me joy. Or: Helping the poor is cool because it can give them hope and bring me pleasure. 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一直活在哥哥泰森的阴影下，他的哥哥很酷，所以他总是被忽略。但当哥哥离开去上大学，他独自开始学校生活时，通过加入学校的Science Olympiad，他找到了真正的自己，也按自己的理解重新定义了”酷”。 【56题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第一段的As any younger brother will tell you, having a big brother involves a lot of walking in someone else’s shadow, especially when you have a brother who is a typical example of “cool”. For years I wanted to do everything my elder brother Tyson did, but no matter how hard I tried, I was always the neglected one.可知，就像任何一个弟弟会告诉你的那样，有一个大哥哥意味着走在别人的影子里，尤其是当你有一个很“酷”的哥哥时。多年以来，我想做我的哥哥泰森做的一切，但是无论我怎么努力，我总是被忽略的一个。根据句意，尤其是I was always the neglected one可推测，划线部分的意思是“得不到关注/被忽略”。故填:Receiving less attention than someone else. Or: Being/Feeling less successful than someone else. Or: Being/Feeling neglected. 【57题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的but when my family moved, everything changed. Tyson left for college, so I had to start at a new school all by myself. (但当我们搬家时，一切都改变了。泰森去上大学了，所以我不得不独自在一个新的学校开始)可知，搬家后，作者的哥哥去上大学以及作者独自开始新学校的生活给了作者他新的开始。故填:That his brother left for college and he changed schools. Or: Tyson’s leaving for college and the author’s going to/attending a new school. 【58题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的I had always been fascinated with chemistry, biology, and math, but since those interests hadn’t fit Tyson’s definition of “cool”, I had never pursued them. On this day, for some reason, I did. (我一直对化学、生物和数学着迷，但因为这些兴趣不符合泰森对“酷”的定义，所以我从来没有追求过。这一天，出于某种原因，我参加了)可知，参加Science Olympiad队是作者成长的转折点，因为他选择不再做哥哥的“影子”。故填:Joining the Science Olympiad team. Or: That he joined the Science Olympiad team. Or: Discovering his true interests (in science). 【59题详解】 主旨大意题。根据本段的主要内容，尤其是Now I know who I am! I’m Tyson’s little brother, but that’s only part of my identity. I’m a cool guy in my own way, too. I’m relieved to know that “cool” has a much broader definition than what I used to think.(现在我知道我是谁了！我是泰森的弟弟，但那只是我身份的一部分。按照我自的方式，我也是个很酷的人。知道酷的定义比我以前认为的要宽泛得多，我感到很欣慰)可知，本段主要讲述了作者找到了自己的身份以及自己对酷的定义。故填:(How) the author discovered a broader definition of “cool”. Or: He has discovered his own way to be cool. Or: He found his own identity. 【60题详解】 开放性题目。只要回答出自己认为什么很酷，以及原因即可。故可填:Playing football well is cool because I can show how strong I am. Or: Playing the piano is cool because it can give me joy. Or: Helping the poor is cool because it can give them hope and bring me pleasure. 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 61. 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter计划来中国工作，但不清楚是否有必要学好汉语。请你给他写一封信，要点如下： 1.汉语学习引起了许多人的关注; 2.学习汉语的重要性; 3.为如何学好汉语提几点建议。 注意： 1.词数100左右; 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯; 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Peter, I’m glad to know that you are planning to work in China. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, I’m glad to know that you are planning to work in China. Learning Chinese has been drawing increasing attention these days. It has become a popular language-learning choice for many people. It’s important to learn Chinese. As China’s economy is booming, more and more international companies are doing business here. A good command of Chinese will open up more job opportunities for you. In addition, it can help you better understand Chinese culture, which is rich and profound. Here are some suggestions for you to learn Chinese well. You can take Chinese-language courses at local language schools. Besides, watching Chinese TV shows and movies is a fun way to improve Chinese. Also, try to make Chinese friends and communicate with them as much as possible. I’m sure you’ll make great progress in Chinese learning. Best wishes. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Peter写一封信，告诉他学习汉语的重要性并给出一些建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 繁荣：boom → flourish 此外：In addition → What’s more 建议：suggestion → advice 提高：improve → enhance 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Here are some suggestions for you to learn Chinese well. 拓展句：Here are some suggestions, which can help you learn Chinese well. 【点睛】【高分句型1】In addition, it can help you better understand Chinese culture, which is rich and profound.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】As China’s economy is booming, more and more international companies are doing business here.(运用了as引导的原因状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 天津市蓟州区第二中学2024-2025学年高一下学期第二次月考英语试卷 满分：130分 考试时间：100分钟 第Ⅰ卷 本卷共55小题，共95分。 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 从选项中，选出最佳选项。 1. As you forward into this new _________ in your life. I hope you'll realise early that we are most often held back by the limitations we put on ourselves — by the stories we tell ourselves about who and what we are. A. sentence B. cover C. chapter D. price 2. I thought about all those young people who would not _________ go to the next town to buy their favourite hamburgers and chips. A. have to B. may C. shall D. used to 3. But what remains important is that we have an incredible _________ to think and create, and that’s the real spirit of invention. A. desire B. role C. concern D. behavior 4. When we’re at home, she keeps _________ me to study all the time. A. coming B. collapsing C. staying D. pressing 5. The screen at these theatres _________ the audience. A. surrounds B. supports C. passes D. requires 6. Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton's head and led him to come up with his _________ of gravity. A. theory B. regulation C. procedure D. assumption 7. These are some of the Olympic athletes who have brought joy to people across the world with their _________ to push the boundaries of human achievement. A. adventures B. accidents C. attempts D. attacks 8. Sven found the remains of buildings buried _________ the sand, together with a lot of treasures, including coins, painted pots, material such as silk, documents and wall paintings. A. above B. beneath C. on D. over 9. This character was a social _________ but was loved for his optimism and determination to overcome all difficulties. A. failure B. achievement C. regret D. loss 10. In order to save this _________ from extinction, the Chinese government placed it under national protection. A. shapes B. species C. categories D. industries 11. Although it has been proved that Franklin’s _________ took place, more than one scientist has questioned what really happened. A. course B. presentation C. experiment D. game 12. Nowadays, most lanterns are made with light bulbs and _________, and they come in many shapes and sizes. A. batteries B. baskets C. barrels D. bargains 13. To emphasise the woman even more, Chen adds a lot of detail to the fan and the _________ of her dress, and chooses to paint the background behind the woman black. A. paper B. solutions C. cloth D. brushes 14. Finally, remember to warm up before exercising and __________________ at the end of your workout. A. delay B. stretch C. follow D. change 15. Like any exercise, running increases the flow of blood and __________________ to your brain. A. oxygen B. medicine C. mineral D. protein 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的选项中，选出最佳选项。 I work as the reception manager at my hotel. A ___16___came in a few weeks ago with a note saying that the guest would be travelling with her____17____ father. His daughter wanted to make his trip to Ireland as ___18___as possible. Upon seeing this note, I ___19___I would be the one to check them in as I was scheduled for their arrival time. I ___20___to learn some very basic sign language. I ___21___ the guest in my usual fashion, asking for the surname on the booking. Once I heard the name I ___22___ immediately who was standing in front of me. I had been learning for two weeks how to say "welcome to Ireland. My sign language is ___23___, but please if you need anything during your stay just let me know and we will help you". I ___24___ at the father and daughter and greeted him in the sign language I had learned for him. His daughter broke down ___25___ and called me sweet when she learned about the truth. But the father just smiled and was so ___26___. Honestly, seeing his ___27___ was enough for me. It was so worth the last few weeks of learning basic sign language. On check-out, I ___28___ wasn't working, but they had ___29___ a gift for me---a small box with some chocolates and a book on sign language. Inside was a ___30___ saying "Thank you very much for what you did on check-in. You have no idea how much this ___31___ to my father and me. We can't ___32___ you enough. You've made his trip home to his family after 50 years very ___33___ with one simple gesture". They wrote a letter to the general manager, ___34___ to give me a raise, which I really ___35___. I cried for 5 minutes when I came into work today to find this gift in my locker. 16. A. stranger B. woman C. booking D. call 17. A. deaf B. retired C. lonely D. blind 18. A. exciting B. cheap C. smooth D. long 19. A. worried B. knew C. thought D. hoped 20. A. pretended B. preferred C. had D. decided 21. A. greeted B. eyed C. helped D. attended 22. A. recognized B. realized C. wondered D. remembered 23 A. excellent B. helpful C. terrible D. useless 24. A. smiled B. stared C. pointed D. shouted 25 A. laughing B. singing C. complaining D. crying 26. A. entertained B. embarrassed C. happy D. encouraged 27. A. presence B. disability C. appearance D. reaction 28. A. fortunately B. sadly C. hopefully D. recently 29. A. left B. made C. posted D. ordered 30. A. book B. poster C. proverb D. note 31. A. showed B. meant C. happened D. explained 32. A. help B. pay C. give D. thank 33. A. useful B. special C. meaningless D. important 34. A. asking B. offering C. promising D. demanding 35. A. needed B. cared C. appreciated D. deserved 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中，选出最佳选项。 （A） Canadian singer and song writer, Alanis Morissette, is used to being in the public eye. Her most famous album(专辑)Jagged Little Pill, came out in 1995 when she was only twenty-one years old. It sold 15 million copies and made her world famous. Since then she has made several more albums and she has continued giving great performances on stage. Last Thursday night, hundreds of fans went to the Corn Exchange in Cambridge, England to see Alanis Morissette performing in concert. It was Morissette's first performance in England since her song "Uninvited" won this year's Grammy Award for the best rock song. The 30-year-old singer has a strong fan base in England. There was not an empty seat anywhere in the concert hall at last Thursday's event, although it was an extremely cold night. “Sure it's cold outside, but I hope we'll warm it up in here for you”, Morissette said to the large crowd before she started to play. During the 3-hour concert, Morissette used a lot of material from her award-winning album "Jagged Little Pill". She also played a few songs from her new album, such as "Everything But…”, which tells the story of someone looking for love in the wrong places. Morissette gave a creative and powerful performance in another song “Utopia”. Her singing was full of feelings; the first part of the song was filled with anger, while the last part expressed love and joy. Although the concert hall was cold and the sound system caused a few problems, the audience could still enjoy the concert. Many people in the crowd were obviously long-time fans and they knew the words and sang along to nearly every song throughout the concert. The atmosphere inside the concert hall was extremely exciting. Everyone agreed that they were greatly impressed by Morissette's brilliant music and sing. At the end of the three hours, Morissette showed that she was a true performer, singing a well-known song “Heartache”. She finished the evening with a new song about the life of a superstar. While I watched and listened, I knew that I was seeing the performance of a real superstar. 36. Which of the following facts CAN’T prove that the performance was successful? A. There wasn’t an empty seat in the concert hall at the event. B. The fans sang along to nearly every song throughout the concert. C. The song "Uninvited" won this year's Grammy Award for the best rock song. D. Although it was cold in the concert hall, the atmosphere inside was exciting. 37. How many albums of Alanis’ are mentioned in the passage? A. 5. B. 4. C. 3. D. 2. 38. What do we know about Alanis Morissette? A. Her album Jagged Little Pill made her world famous. B. Alanis Morissette came to perform in London for the first time. C. Her well-known song “Heartache” is about the life of a superstar. D. Morissette has got two awards in her life. 39. Which of the following word might have the closest meaning to “brilliant” in Paragraph 4? A. fast B. excellent C. popular D. strong 40 Which is the best title for the passage? A. Alanis—a True Performer B. A Successful Concert C. My Superstar D. Alanis and her Fans （B） A is for always getting to work on time. B is for being extremely busy. C is for the conscientious (勤勤恳恳的) way you do your job. You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when it comes to getting ahead, experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office politics. Dale Carnegie suggested as much more than 50 years ago: Hard work alone doesn’t ensure career advancement. You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politics — a better job, a raise, praise — many people are still unable — or unwilling — to “play the game”. “People assume that office politics involves some manipulative (工于心计的) behavior.” says Deborah Comer, an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University. “But politics derives from the word ‘polite’. It can mean lobbying and forming associations. It can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying to please your superior, and then expecting something in return.” In fact, today, experts define office politics as proper behavior used to pursue one’s own self-interest in the workplace. In many cases, this involves some form of socializing within the office environment — not just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well. “The first thing people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on a consistent basis.” says Neil P. Lewis, a management psychologist. “But if two or three candidates are up for a promotion, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. It’s simple human nature.” Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office. Some people, they say, have an idealistic vision of work and what it takes to succeed. Still others associate politics with flattery (奉承), fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors. Experts suggest altering this negative picture by recognizing the need for some self-promotion. 41. The phrase “office politics” (Para.4) is used in the passage to refer to _________. A. the code of behavior for company staff B. the political views and beliefs of office workers C. the interpersonal relationships within a company D. the various qualities required for a successful career 42. To get promoted, one must not only be competent but _________. A. give his boss a good impression B. honest and loyal to his company C. get along well with his colleagues D. avoid being too outstanding 43. Why are many people unwilling to “play the game” (Para.5) ? A. They believe that doing so is impractical. B. They feel that such behavior is unprincipled. C. They are not good at manipulating colleagues. D. They think the effort will get them nowhere. 44. The author considers office politics to be _________. A. unwelcome at the workplace B. bad for interpersonal relationships C. indispensable to the development of company culture D. an important factor for personal advancement 45. It is the author’s view that _________. A. speaking up for oneself is part of human nature B. self-promotion does not necessarily mean flattery C. hard work contributes very little to one’s promotion D. many employees fail to recognize the need of flattery （C） This fall, Apple will roll out its newest update. It will offer parents greater control over content their kid views. Additionally, it will track the amount of time they spend using an iOS device. Following Google’s lead to deal with smartphone addiction(上瘾), new tools will include increased monitoring, usage time and activity reports. Currently, Apple’s parental controls only allow for limiting usage of adult apps, music and video. There is growing public concern over unlimited exposure to social media for young people. Smartphone addiction combined with increased rates of distraction, suicide, and depression in teens led Apple to respond. It has developed better tools for monitoring content and control over iOS device usage for parents. For moms and dads looking to more effectively manage how their teen accesses iOS devices, the Screen Time, App Limits, and Down Time features will be of particular help. Screen Time will generate daily and weekly reports detailing how many times users pick up their devices, the categories of apps and websites they use most often and the amount of time they spend interacting with each app. According to public statements, Apple intends these reports to help users get a greater understanding of how they use their devices. They’re also intended to assist in making personal decisions about controls they’d like to have. This is especially helpful to parents who aren’t privy(准许知情) to specific apps and websites their kid is using or how long they use them each day. The new App Limits feature allows parents to set limits on time spent on websites, apps or a category of apps. Also, parents will be able to set time periods for their child’s phone to be powered off. Down Time can be scheduled on devices. Parents can specify which apps can and can’t be used and when. If parents want to limit access to an entire category of apps, such as social media or gaming, during specified time periods for things like homework, diner, or bedtime, they can. The new parental controls are account-based. Parents can access Screen Time to view reports and set limits on their teen’s device remotely(远程地) via devices connected through Family Sharing or directly from their teen’s device. Totals for settings, usage reports, and limits set are based on usage across all of a users IOS devices. Thus, if a kid uses multiple iOS devices, he or she will reach a time limit on an app on their iPhone. The app will be inaccessible on their iPad as well. A screen notification will appear when a child is about to reach a time limit. The child can request more time from a parent. This update is good news for those who wish to have better insight into teen smartphone usage. Parents, however, should keep communicating rules and guidelines for healthy tech habits. 46. According to the second paragraph, why did Apple decide to release this update? A. The technology has developed a lot since the last update. B. Apple is under public pressure to solve a growing social problem. C. Teens’ growing mental problems make iPhone unpopular among parents. D. The current iOS devices help little in limiting teens’ exposure to adult apps. 47. Which of the following about the new iOS features is TRUE? A. With Screen Time, parents can know what their teens do on social media. B. App Limits require parents to set limits directly on their teens’ devices. C It is possible for parents to limit access to more than one app at a time. D. Parents can turn off their teens’ phones without setting in advance. 48. Which word has the similar meaning to the underlined word “notification” in the seventh paragraph? A. warning B. note C. figure D. post 49. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs? A. This new update alone cannot help teens develop healthy tech habits. B. Kids with addiction to social media may also be satisfied with this update. C. There’s no chance for parents to give more time if the kid reaches the limit. D. If a kid reaches a time limit on his/her iPhone he/she can go on to use iPad. 50. Which of the following would be the best title of this passage? A. Parents Find Ways to Control the Screen Time of Your Kids. B. Apple Follows Google’s Lead to Have More Functions. C. Parents Should Have Greater Control over the Usage of smartphones. D. Apple’s Newest Update Helps Parents Monitor Kids’ Cellphone Usage. （D） Automated cars—once a far-off dream—have in recent years left the field of science fiction and come closer to the American garage. Leading U.S. automakers say that real self-driving cars are coming within two decades and they’re fighting to stay competitive. These advances promise relief to people sick of two-hour driving and heavy traffic, but they leave open questions for a society shaped around the automobile for the past century. Perhaps no area is more uncertain than the environmental impact of automated vehicles. One report from the Department of Energy found that automated vehicles could reduce fuel consumption(油耗) for passenger cars by as much as 90%, or increase it by more than 200%. That’s a huge difference considering that more than a quarter of U.S. greenhouse-gas emissions(排放) come from transportation, according to an expert. And scientists say reducing that figure will be the key to dealing with man-made climate change. “There’s a great energy influence possible,” says Jeff Gonder, a transportation researcher. “But there remains great uncertainty in the degree and even direction.” Depending on various factors, it remains to be seen how a future with automated cars will take shape. Most importantly, researchers expect that automated cars will lead to a sharp increase in the average miles traveled by a given vehicle. Key problems with driving a car, such as tiredness, age or drunkenness(醉酒), will disappear, and car owners will be free to travel further and more frequently. Workers may choose to live even further away from the office, deciding to sleep in the car or use that time to work out in it. And, once in the city, car owners might guide their vehicle to drive around in circles rather than pay for parking. “A lot of the uncertainty comes from not knowing how the value of people’s time is going to change,” says Don MacKenzie, a researcher at the University of Washington. “There will be some kind of cost connected with the travel, but it’s much less than it is today.” Researchers have tried to create a model of how humans might respond to automated driving using surveys, driving data and lab experiments, but eventually the great number of choices and assumptions involved in transportation has made reaching exact conclusions about driving behavior difficult. Engineers say that the largely accident-free vehicles can remove safety equipment, such as antilock brakes and airbags, which has increased the weight—and fuel consumption—of vehicles. Automated cars can also travel closer together, allowing them to take advantage of aerodynamics(气体力学). Trucking fleets(车队) are already trying to take advantage of this fuel-saving measure. 51. What message can we get from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2? A. Some automated cars have better qualities than others. B. One automated vehicle may consume much less fuel than another. C. We are not sure about the environmental impact of automated cars. D. We cannot make sure of the quality of automated cars. 52. Which is not the reason for a sharp increase in the miles run by a certain self-driving car? A. More convenient roads and fewer traffic jams. B. Workers’ living further away from the office. C. Choosing not to pay for parking but to drive around. D. The disappearance of various limits on drivers. 53. The missing sentence “Besides changed driving behaviors, simple technology advances will reduce the environmental damage of automated cars” should be put at the beginning of_______. A. Para. 5 B. Para. 6 C. Para. 7 D. Para. 8 54. After reading the passage, one may safely conclude that________. A. self-driving cars need less safety equipment because of receiving little damage in accidents B. those who have to drive a long distance to work are less likely to choose a self-driving car C. with more safety equipment, automated cars are much heavier than traditional ones D. traveling the same distance, a self-driving car consumes less fuel than a traditional one 55. The author writes this passage in order to ________. A. remind us of a bright future about the future of automated cars B. explain to us why self-driving cars might not need less fuel C. argue that self-driving cars are beneficial to the environment D. advise the readers not to be in a rush to buy an automated car 第Ⅱ卷 本卷共6小题，共35分。 第三部分：写作 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 As any younger brother will tell you, having a big brother involves a lot of walking in someone else’s shadow, especially when you have a brother who is a typical example of “cool”. For years I wanted to do everything my elder brother Tyson did, but no matter how hard I tried, I was always the neglected (被忽略的) one. My legs just weren’t made to run like his. I could never play football or basketball well. I probably would have continued trying to keep up with him for the rest of my high school career, but when my family moved, everything changed. Tyson left for college, so I had to start at a new school all by myself. This new start gave me an opportunity to redefine myself and discover an entirely new version of “cool”. I don’t know what made me decide to try some new activities at the new school, but one day I chanced to show up for an after-school meeting of the Science Olympiad team. I had always been fascinated with chemistry, biology, and math, but since those interests hadn’t fit Tyson’s definition of “cool”, I had never pursued them. On this day, for some reason, I did. As we organized teams, prepared resources and practiced answering questions, I felt more connected than I ever had to any sports team. I didn’t feel as though I needed to keep up with anybody else; I was finally with peers who understood me. It was so good to feel accepted for what I’m good at. For the first time in my life, I actually felt cool. Now I know who I am! I’m Tyson’s little brother, but that’s only part of my identity. I’m a cool guy in my own way, too. I’m relieved to know that “cool” has a much broader definition than what I used to think. 56. How do you understand the underlined part in Paragraph 1? (no more than 8 words) _________________________ 57. What changes offered a new start to the author after his family moved? (no more than 15 words) _________________________ 58. According to Paragraph 3, what marked the turning point in the author’s growth? (no more than 7 words) _________________________ 59. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? (no more than 10 words) _________________________ 60. What is your example of “cool”? Please explain why. (no more than 20 words) _________________________ 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 61. 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter计划来中国工作，但不清楚是否有必要学好汉语。请你给他写一封信，要点如下： 1.汉语学习引起了许多人的关注; 2.学习汉语的重要性; 3.为如何学好汉语提几点建议。 注意： 1.词数100左右; 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯; 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Peter, I’m glad to know that you are planning to work in China. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes. Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $