专题04 道歉信 -2026高考英语应用文写作山形框架写作法

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦应用文写作中的道歉信专题，依据高考评价体系明确了“表达歉意、阐述原因、提出补救措施”三大核心考查维度，通过2016年全国卷、2021年北京卷等真题分析，归纳出“原因真实性”“补救措施合理性”等高频考点，构建了“山形框架写作法”的完整答题体系。 课件亮点在于“真题实战+模板迁移+素养提升”的备考策略，如以2016年全国卷“失约书店”真题为例，拆解“审题-列纲-激活”三步法，培养学生的语言表达能力和逻辑思维品质。提供通用模板、衔接技巧及易错点总结，助力学生快速掌握得分要点，教师可据此开展针对性教学，实现高效备考。

应用文写作山形框架写作法 道歉信 应用文 ❀ 行业PPT模板http:///hangye/ 题型分析 道歉信通常是指因过失或疏忽等做错了事，或因有事无法按时赴约，从而给别人带来了麻烦或损失，发觉后给对方赔礼道歉并请求对方原谅的信件。道歉信语言要诚挚，解释的理由要真实。 思维导图 写作方法 （无论题目要求与否） /表示遗憾 （表现真诚） （换人/换时间） 时态：一般过去时、一般现在时、一般将来时。 （承诺/画饼） (交代背景) 通用模板 Dear （道歉对象）, I would like to express my deepest apology for ______________（道歉的事由） The reason why I will fail to do so/can't make it is that_______________（说明原因）.Would you mind if I suggest_______________（弥补措施）？ Once again,I am sorry for any inconvenience caused（再次道歉）.Hope you can accept my sincere apology. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 真题链接 【2016·全国·高考真题】假定你是李华，与留学生朋友Bob约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1.表示歉意；2.说明原因；3.另约时间。 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 审题 列纲 写信背景与写信目的 说明原因与解决措施 再次道歉＋期望收到回信 原因1 原因2 另约时间 Para1:表明写作背景与写作目的 Para2:说明原因＋解决措施（另约时间） Para3:再次道歉＋期望收到回信 原因2 另约时间 激活 写作背景：与留学生朋友Bob约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约 写作目的：表达歉意 I'm writing to express my sincere apology to you for not going to the bookstore with you at our appointed time. 衔接句 ①The following are my reasons. ②The reaons why I can’t go to book store with you are as follows. 如何衔接第一段与第二段？ 家里人生病要照顾家人 学校组织活动 临时要上课 有考试要准备考试 原因 Para2：说明原因＋另约时间 片段构架1 表示歉意（写信背景+目的） 不能赴约 I am unable to... I can’t ...as planned. I fail to... I have been expecting to..., but... 我向你表示歉意 I’m terribly sorry to say... I regret to say that... I’m writing to apologize /make an apology to you for... I’m writing to express my heartfelt apology. I’m sorry for the sudden change of the plan and feel it a great pity to miss the opportunity to... 仿写：我一直都期待和你这周末去看画展，但我很遗憾地告诉你我不能去了。我写信想表达我真挚的歉意。 I’m terribly sorry to say that I can't go to the bookshop with you on Sunday morning as planned. I am writing to apologize to you for breaking my promise. I have been expecting to go to the painting exhibition with you this weekend, but I regret to say that I am unable to go. I’m writing to express my heartfelt apology. 片段构架2 说明原因+另约时间+补救措施 理由陈述需达到共情的效果（扩展） 突发性sudden、无法预料unforeseen、不可回避unavoidable 意外受伤 I was injured by accident. 或突然生病 I was ill suddenly. 重要的比赛时间提前 An important competition will be held ahead of schedule. 父母出差，要照顾生病的奶奶。 My parents were on a business trip, and I need to look after my grandmother. 1. I find that I have to ... 2. The reason is that ... 3. I’ve just been told/informed that I have to...,which is of vital importance to me... 4. I have no choice but to... 说明具体的原因后还要适当扩充细节 仿写：我被告知英语演讲比赛将提前举行。这个比赛对我是十分重要的，我一直梦想有这样的机会来提高我的英语口语。 I’ve just been informed that the English speech contest will be held ahead of schedule, which is of vital importance to me, and I have always been dreaming to have a chance like this to improve my spoken English. Here is the reason why I can’t go with you. Since the final exam is just around the corner, I decide to stay at home to go over my lessons. I didn’t do well in the last exam so I want to devote my spare time to working on my lessons in order to get good scores. Shall we go on Saturday morning? If it’s convenient for you, let’s meet at 8:30 at the school gate. 另约时间+补救措施 Shall we go on...? Shall we put it off till...? Would you mind if I fix another time? I wonder if it is possible that... I do hope that I can do something to make up for .... If it is convenient for you, let’s... To remedy(补救） this unpleasant matter/compensate（弥补） for the loss, I promise... 仿写：我们是否能推迟到下周日？如果你方便的话，我们可以早一点出发以便于我们有充分的时间去欣赏画作。 Shall we put it off till next Sunday? If it is convenient, we can set out earlier so that we have plenty of time to enjoy the paintings. 片段构架3 结尾再次致歉望理解 Sorry again for the inconvenience caused to you. I do hope you can understand my situation and accept my sincere apology. Once again, sorry for not being able to accompany you. 仿写：因为我的缺席再次向你道歉。我希望你能原谅我并接受我真挚的歉意。 Once again, sorry for my absence. I hope you can forgive me and accept my sincere apology. 总结归纳 1.表示歉意 2.说明具体原因 3.另约时间+提出补救办法 4.再次致歉望理解 I’m terribly sorry to say... I regret to say that... I’m writing to apologize to... I’m writing to express my heartfelt apology. I find that I have to ...... The reason is that ... I’ve just been told/informed that... prepare for the coming examination have a cold attend an important competition Someone comes to visit me from abroad Shall we go there on...? Shall we put it off till...? Would you mind if I fix another time? If it is convenient for you, let’s... Sorry again for the inconvenience caused to you. I do hope you can understand my situation and accept my sincere apology. Once again, sorry for not being able to accompany you. 1 2 3 4 A letter of apology 主题色 强调色 正文色 搭配色 脑洞四格法© Dear Bob, I’m sorry to say that I can't go to the bookshop with you on Sunday morning as we planned last week. I am writing to apologize for breaking my promise. Here is the reason why I can’t go to the bookstore with you. Since the final exam is just around the corner, I decide to stay at home to go over my lessons. You know, I didn’t do well in the last exam. So I want to devote all my spare time to working on my lessons in order to get good scores in the final exam. I am wondering if we can go to the bookstore on the second Sunday in January. Sorry again for the inconvenience caused to you. Yours, Li Hua Top English 1．（2021·北京·高考真题） 假设你是李华。你和英国好友Jack原定本周末一起外出，你因故不能赴约。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1. 表达歉意并说明原因； 2. 提出建议并给出理由。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 作文开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总字数。 _________________________________ _________________________________ Dear Jack, I’m terribly sorry that I can’t go out with you this weekend. I’ve just been informed that I have to attend an important class meeting this Saturday afternoon and I’ll have to give a lecture at the meeting. I hope the change will not cause you too much trouble. Shall we go out next Sunday afternoon? We can set out early so that we’ll have more time to have a face-to-face talk. If it’s convenient for you, let’s meet at 2: 30 outside the school gate. If not, let me know what time suits you best. I should be available any time after school next week. Yours，Li Hua 巩固 2. （2014·北京卷） 你给英国朋友Chris写一封信，内容包括： 1.你们原计划7月份一同去云南旅游； 2.由于脚部受伤，你无法按原计划前往； 3.表达你的歉意并建议将旅行推迟到8月份。 注意： 1.词数不少于50； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 __________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Dear Chris, How’s it going? I can hardly contain my enthusiasm for our trip to Yunnan in July.I was really looking forward to exploring the beautiful scenery and experiencing the local culture with you. However, I have some bad news. Recently, I accidentally injured my foot while playing basketball. The doctor told me that I need to rest for at least a month to fully recover. As a result, I’m afraid I won’t be able to make our planned trip in July. I feel terribly sorry for letting you down. I was wondering if it would be possible to postpone our trip to August. By then, I should have recovered completely, and we can enjoy our journey without any worries. I promise I’ll make it up to you. Once again, I’m really sorry for the inconvenience. I hope you can understand my situation. Let me know what you think. Best wishes, Li Hua 巩固 4. （2014·山东卷） 假如你是新华中学的学生李华，你的美国朋友Tom一周前给你发电子邮件，询问你暑假里的打算，但你因准备期末考试未能及时回复。请根据双下要点给他回封邮件： 1.未及时回信的原因； 2.你假期的打算（如做兼职、旅行、做志愿者等） 注意： 1. 词数：120-150； 2 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Dear Tom, How is everything going? I feel terribly sorry for missing the chance of answering your letter in time. You know, I’ve been preparing for the final exams these days, so I forgot to write back. In your letter, you asked me for my plans on summer vacation. Now, I am writing to tell you some specific details. Overall, three things will make my summer vacation meaningful. To start with, doing a part-time job is my dream and I intend to work as a salesman because not only can I earn money by myself, but also it will broaden my horizons. In addition, it is a fabulous choice to visit some famous scenic spots such as Mount Tai during the vacation, in order to enjoy appealing scenery and make more friends. What is more, doing voluntary work, I think, will make a great contribution to the society, which is able to enrich my life. I sincerely apologize again for my mistake. By the way, what’s your plan to spend your summer vacation? I am looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 巩固 应用文写作山形框架写作法 谢谢观看 应用文 ❀ $