考前押题02 阅读理解常考话题（期中专项训练）高一英语上学期北师大版

专题02 阅读理解常考话题 话题1 生活与学习 Passage 1-8 话题2 做人与做事 Passage 9-17 话题3 运动与健康 Passage 18-27 话题1 生活与学习 （2024上·江西上饶高一校联考期末） What do you usually do on the Internet? Mike, a student I’m always busy from Monday to Friday. I only use the Internet on weekends. I often play computer games and chat with my friends online. Linda, an office lady I love shopping on the Internet. It’s fast. I can sit in front of the computer for hours. I shop every day. I can always find cheap but good things online. Sometimes, I watch films or listen to music. Mr. Green, a manager I can’t work without the Internet. I need it to send and receive emails. I write at least twenty emails every day. When I am free, I also love to read news online. Mrs. Brown, a housewife I like cooking. I write blogs about my cooking and upload the photos of my dishes every day. I love reading people’s replies. And I’m happy that they love my dishes. 1．How often may Mike play computer games? A．Every day. B．Once or twice a week. C．Three times a week. D．Twice a month. 2．What does Mrs. Brown upload every day? A．The photos of her games. B．The photos of her friends. C．The photos of her parties. D．The photos of her dishes. 3．Which of the following is TRUE (正确的)? A．Mike sends and receives emails every day. B．Linda always sells clothes on the Internet. C．Many people love Mrs. Brown’s blogs. D．Mr. Green plays computer games every day. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四位身份不同的网民经常在网上做的事情，以及他们的不同喜好。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“I only use the Internet on weekends. (我只能周末上网)”可知，Mike一周内最多可以玩2次，最少1次，故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“I write blogs about my cooking and upload the photos of my dishes every day. (我写博客介绍我做的菜，每天上传我做的菜的照片)”可知，Mrs. Brown每天在网络上上传她做的美食照片，故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“And I’m happy that they love my dishes. (我也很开心他们喜欢我做的菜)”可知，Mrs. Brown上传美食照片后大家都很喜欢，这使得她也很开心，故选C项。 Passage 2 （2023上·贵州黔东南高一统考期末）What a day! I started at my new school this morning and had the best time. I made lots of new friends and really liked my teachers. I was nervous the night before, but I had no reason to be. Everyone was so friendly and polite. They made me feel at ease. It was like I’d been at the school for a hundred years! The day started very early at 7: 00 am. I had my breakfast downstairs with my mom. She could tell that I was very nervous. Mom kept asking me what was wrong. She told me I had nothing to worry about and that everyone was going to love me. If they didn’t love me, mom said to send them her way for a good talking to. I couldn’t stop laughing. My mom dropped me off at the school gates about five minutes before the bell. A little blonde girl got dropped off at the same time and started waving at me. She ran over and told me her name was Abigail and we rushed to the classroom together. She was very nice and we became close straight away. We spent all morning together and began to talk to another girl called Stacey. The three of us sat together in class all day and we even made our way home together! It went so quickly. Our teacher told us that tomorrow we would really start learning and developing new skills. I cannot wait until tomorrow and feel as though I am really going to enjoy my time at my new school. I hope that my new friends feel the same way too. 1．How did the author feel after meeting her teachers and classmates at new school? A．Relaxed. B．Frightened. C．Anxious. D．Excited. 2．What did the author’s mother do after seeing the author's nervousness? A．Left the author alone. B．Calmed the author down. C．Played a joke on the author. D．Kept asking the author to eat breakfast. 3．What happened on the author’s first day of school according to paragraph 3? A．She was late for school. B．She learned some new skills. C．She arrived at school in time. D．She spent all morning developing new skills. 4．What can we infer about Abigail? A．She was outgoing. B．She ran very quickly. C．She worked hard at her lessons. D．She was an old friend of Stacey. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，描述了作者新学期的第一天的见闻和感受。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“They made me feel at ease. It was like I’d been at the school for a hundred years!(他们让我感到安心。就像我在学校已经待了一百年！)”可知，作者在新学校与老师和同学见面后感觉很放松，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“She told me I had nothing to worry about and that everyone was going to love me. (她告诉我，我没什么好担心的，每个人都会爱我。)”可知，作者的母亲在看到作者的紧张情绪后使作者平静下来，故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“My mom dropped me off at the school gates about five minutes before the bell. (铃响前五分钟，我妈妈把我送到学校门口)”可知，根据第三段，作者上学的第一天及时到达了学校，故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“A little blonde girl got dropped off at the same time and started waving at me. She ran over and told me her name was Abigail and we rushed to the classroom together. She was very nice and we became close straight away. (一个金发小女孩同时下车，开始向我挥手。她跑过来告诉我她的名字叫阿比盖尔，我们一起冲向教室。她很好，我们立刻就亲近了。)”可知，Abigail性格外向，故选A。 Passage 3 （2022下·云南高二统考阶段练习）My 12-year-old son and I ride bikes to and from his school every day. I accompany him on the 20-minute ride through Manhattan, drop him off and pick him up. We always ride together; sometimes he leads; sometimes I do. And as we ride, we communicate the ways to reduce the dangers: Don’t go too fast, and watch out for doors suddenly swinging out from parked cars and jaywalking pedestrians, etc. I’m not sure there is a better way to let my son know how to deal with traffic dangers. But recently he requested me to start hanging back a half block or so. This way he could enjoy the feeling of riding on his own, with the security of knowing that I was nearby in case he needed me. This is healthy, of course, as my son needs space to develop independence in preparation for his inevitable leaving from home. However, that means soon he will want to ride to school on his own, and I will no longer have this wonderful routine. “Let your children go if you want to keep them.” It’s one of the most troubling experiences of parenthood-recognizing that your presence is becoming less welcome. My dilemma (困境) as a husband mirrors the concern I feel as a parent. My wife has just left on a six-month work in Libyan, where there is a war ongoing. In the days of her leaving, we spoke openly about the possibility, however unlikely, that she might be killed. But I have no choice but to let her make her decision. After all, it was her decision. I know that letting go is a wise path in this case too. As we travel through life’s stages, we must let goof so much. And I don’t think it gets easier with practice. But maybe just accepting that eventually we will have to let go is the secret to living a full life. 1．The writer keeps his son company on his daily ride to school to _________. A．build up his strength B．teach his son to ride in traffic C．tell his son the way to school D．communicate more with his son 2．The underlined word “inevitable” in the second paragraph can be replaced by _________. A．unavoidable B．reasonable C．terrible D．reliable 3．Why does the author feel concerned about his wife’s leaving? A．Because he would lose a helper in taking care of his son. B．Because he is too selfish to let her go. C．Because he is afraid that she would be in danger abroad. D．Because he thinks she make a unwise decision. 4．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Letting go is necessary in life. B．How to live a full life. C．Father love is great. D．Practice makes perfect. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述儿子骑自行车上学，进而独立的事情，和妻子出差作者的担心告诉我们：生活中我们不要太纠结于某些事情，当我们走到人生的某个阶段，我们必须适度放手。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段的“We always ride together; sometimes he leads; sometimes I do. And as we ride, we communicate the ways to reduce the dangers: Don’t go too fast, and watch out for doors suddenly swinging out from parked cars and jaywalking pedestrians, etc. I’m not sure there is a better way to let my son know how to deal with traffic dangers.（我们总是一起骑车；有时他骑前面；有时候我骑前面。当我们骑车的时候，我们会交流减少危险的方法：不要骑得太快，当心停着的车突然打开的门和乱穿马路的行人等等。一些朋友担心在交通中骑车的风险，但是有没有更好的方法让我的儿子知道如何处理交通危险）”可知，作者陪儿子上学是为了教他在交通情况复杂的情况如何骑自行车，以规避交通危险的发生。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据划线部分所在句子“This is healthy, of course, as my son needs space to develop independence in preparation for his inevitable departure from home. However, that means soon he will want to ride to school on his own, and I will no longer have this wonderful routine.（当然，这是健康的，因为我的儿子需要空间来培养独立性，为他 inevitable 离家做准备。然而，这意味着他很快就会想自己骑车上学，而我将不再有这种美妙的日常生活）”可知，作者的儿子需要空间来发展独立，并且马上就要自己骑自行车上学。由此可知，他的离家是不可避免的，即划线词为“不可避免的”与unavoidable同义。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“My wife has just left on a six-month work in Libyan, where there is a war ongoing. In the days of her leaving, we spoke openly about the possibility, however unlikely, that she might be killed.（我妻子刚刚离开，在利比亚工作了六个月，那里正在进行一场战争。在她离开的日子里，我们公开谈论了她可能被杀的可能性，尽管可能性不大）”可知，作者对妻子的离开担心是因为他担心她在国外会有遇害的危险。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据本文的主要内容，和最后一段“As we travel through life’s stages, we must let goof so much. And I don’t think it gets easier with practice. But maybe just accepting that eventually we will have to let go is the secret to living a full life.（当我们走过人生的阶段时，我们必须放手。但是，也许只是接受最终我们将不得不放手，是一个完整的生活的秘密）”可知，文章通过讲述儿子骑自行车上学，进而独立的事情，和妻子出差作者的担心告诉我们：生活中我们不要太纠结于某些事情，当我们走到人生的某个阶段，我们必须适度放手故选。因此A项“放手在生活中是必要的”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选A。 Passage 4 （2023上·广东东莞高一东莞市东华高级中学校联考阶段练习）There is an old saying in Chinese: “To do a good job, one must first sharpen one’s tools.” When it comes to photography, however, it’s not exactly the case. In this year’s National Geographic Travel Photo Contest, Greenlandic Winter, a picture by Chinese photographer Chu Weimin, took first place in the cities category and won the overall grand prize as well. When asked why he chose Upernavik, a small fishing village in Greenland, to take his pictures, Chu described the first time he spotted the village from an airplane. “Through my entire flight, I could only see the land, covered by pure white ice and snow. But I suddenly saw a big, warm dot in the far distance — Upernavik,” he told National Geographic. “The beauty of this tranquil (宁静的) village was beyond my imagination. It was a ‘wow’ moment for me.” This ability to discover a “wow moment” is what makes a good travel photographer. According to Chu, he was moved by Upernavik’s blue tint at dusk, the warm yellow light from the windows, and the family of three walking along the snowy street. Although he is a professional photographer, many of Chu’s Greenland pictures were shot with his phone. This attitude is similar to the one held by Austrian-American photographer Ernest Haas (1921-1986). Haas told his students that they were so focused on cameras that they couldn’t understand the true meaning of photography. “The camera doesn’t make a bit of difference,” Haas said. “All of them can record what you are seeing. But you have to SEE.” Perhaps it’s not just in photography that we’ve put too much emphasis on the role of tools. How many of you are reluctant to start a new sport or learn new software simply because you don’t yet have the “right” outfit (装备) or computer? It’s true that “sharpened” tools make the work easier, hut as reporter Abhilash Pavuluri wrote on Firstpost: “In the end, it’s really the artist that makes a good painting, not the paintbrush.” 1．What do we know about Chu Weimin? A．He is better at photographing people than scenery. B．His award-winning picture is set in a peaceful village. C．His shooting style stands out from other photographers. D．He is the first Chinese person to win the National Geographic Photo Contest. 2．What’s the main purpose of Paragraph 3? A．To explain why Chu’s picture stands out. B．To introduce Chu’s love for Upernavik. C．To recommend a good place for taking photos. D．To explain what inspired the winning picture. 3．What makes a good photographer? A．The ability to find beauty. B．Love for photography. C．Having sharpened tools. D．Owning the best camera equipment. 4．Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “reluctant” in paragraph 5? A．Glad. B．Unwilling. C．Confident. D．Supposed. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过一幅获奖摄影作品的拍摄告诉我们，真正能拍出好的作品的是摄影师而不是多好的设备。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“When asked why he chose Upernavik, a small fishing village in Greenland, to take his pictures, Chu described the first time he spotted the village from an airplane. “Through my entire flight, I could only see the land, covered by pure white ice and snow. But I suddenly saw a big, warm dot in the far distance — Upernavik,” he told National Geographic. “The beauty of this tranquil (宁静的) village was beyond my imagination. It was a ‘wow’ moment for me.” (当被问及为什么选择格陵兰岛的小渔村Upernavik拍摄照片时，朱描述了他第一次从飞机上看到这个村庄的情景。“在整个飞行过程中，我只能看到陆地，上面覆盖着洁白的冰雪。但我突然在远处看到了一个大而温暖的点——Upernavik，”他告诉国家地理杂志。“这个宁静的村庄之美超出了我的想象。这对我来说是一个‘哇’的时刻。”)”可知，他的获奖作品的背景是一个宁静的乡镇。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“According to Chu, he was moved by Upernavik’s blue tint at dusk, the warm yellow light from the windows, and the family of three walking along the snowy street. Although he is a professional photographer, many of Chu’s Greenland pictures were shot with his phone.(据朱说，他被Upernavik黄昏的蓝色色调、从窗户里射出来的温暖的黄色光线和一家三口在白雪皑皑的街道上散步的情景所打动。虽然他是一名专业摄影师，但他在格陵兰岛的许多照片都是用手机拍摄的。)”可知，第三段主要是为了解释朱获奖作品的灵感来源。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“This ability to discover a “wow moment” is what makes a good travel photographer.(这种发现“惊艳时刻”的能力是优秀旅行摄影师的特质。)”可知，发现“惊艳时刻”的能力是优秀旅行摄影师的特质。故选A。 4．词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句的从句“because you don’t yet have the “right” outfit (装备) or computer(仅仅是因为你还没有“合适”的装备或电脑)”可判断，主句指的是因为还没有“合适”的装备或电脑就“不太愿意”开始运动或学习新的软件。选项A“Glad(高兴的)”；选项B“Unwilling(不乐意的)”；选项C“Confident(自信的)”；选项D“Supposed(应该)”。故选B。 Passage 5 （2023上·广东广州高一广州市第八十九中学校考期中）This was the first real task I received in my new school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and find information about a man named George Washington. As I searched the name, I found that there were two famous people having the same name who looked completely different! One invented hundreds of uses for peanuts, while the other led some sort of army across America. I stared at the screen, wondering which one my teacher meant. I called my grandfather for a golden piece of advice; let the coin decide. I threw a coin and Ah! Tails (背面)! My report would be about the great man who invented peanut butter, George Washington Carver. Weeks later, I stood in front of the classroom and proudly read my homework. But things started to get strange. I looked around the room, only to find my classmates with big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes and my stone-faced teacher. I was completely lost. “What could be causing everyone to act this way?” Oh well, I dropped the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I had done wrong. As a classmate began his report, it all became clear, “My report is on George Washington, the man who started the American War of Independence.” The whole world became quiet! How could I know that my teacher meant that George Washington? Of course, my subject result was awful. Sad but fearless, I decided to turn this around. I talked to the headmaster Miss Lancelot, but she said firmly: No re-dos; no new score. I felt that it was not fair, and I believed I deserved a second chance. So I put myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later, I sat in the headmaster’s office again, but this time a completely different conversation. I smiled and flashed back to the terrible moment at the beginning of the year as the headmaster told me I was good enough to skip the 6th grade and started the 7th grade next term. 1．Why did people in the class act strangely? A．Because I was too proud of my homework. B．Because I mistook what the homework was about. C．Because the whole world suddenly became quiet. D．Because the teacher’s face turned to a stone. 2．We can infer from the passage that ________. A．the headmaster didn’t like the writer at all B．the writer’s classmates felt sad at his mistake C．the writer knew little about American history D．the writer’s grandpa was a very wise man 3．Which of the following proverbs can best describe the main idea of this story? A．Seeing is believing. B．Where there is a will, there is a way. C．One is never too old to learn. D．A friend in need is a friend indeed. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文叙述了作者在新学校接到的第一次任务是在网上查找关于George Washington的信息，由于小作者对历史了解的很少，所以在班级出现了笑话，最后通过他自己的努力成功跳级的故事。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“As I searched the name, I found that there were two famous people having the same name who looked completely different! One invented hundreds of uses for peanuts, while the other led some sort of army across America. I stared at the screen, wondering which one my teacher meant. I called my grandfather for a golden piece of advice; let the coin decide. I threw a coin and Ah! Tails (背面)! My report would be about the great man who invented peanut butter, George Washington Carver.(当我搜索这个名字时，我发现有两个同名的名人看起来完全不同！其中一个发明了数百种花生用途，而另一个则带领某种军队穿越美国。我盯着屏幕，不知道我的老师是指哪一个。我打电话给爷爷，征求他的宝贵意见；让硬币来决定。我扔了一枚硬币，啊！背面！我的报告将是关于发明花生酱的伟人乔治·华盛顿·卡弗的。)”以及根据第三段“Oh well, I dropped the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I had done wrong. As a classmate began his report, it all became clear, ‘’My report is on George Washington, the man who started the American War of Independence.’ The whole world became quiet! How could I know that my teacher meant that George Washington?(哦，好吧，我把作业放下，坐在桌子旁，急切地想知道我做错了什么。当一位同学开始他的报告时，一切都变得清晰起来，‘我的报告是关于乔治·华盛顿的，他发动了美国独立战争。’整个世界变得安静了！我怎么知道我的老师是指乔治·华盛顿？)” 可知，班里表现奇怪是因为“我”弄错了家庭作业是关于什么。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“The whole world became quiet! How could I know that my teacher meant that George Washington?(整个世界变得安静了！我怎么知道我的老师是指乔治·华盛顿？)”可以推知，作者对美国历史了解的很少。故选C项。 3．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了作者在做了一次糟糕的作业，得到了一个不好的成绩后，并没有气馁，而是更加努力，最后能够跳过六年级而直接上七年级课程的故事。所以B项Where there is a will, there is a way.(有志者事竟成)符合句意。故选B项。 Passage 6 In many countries, schools have long summer holidays, with shorter holidays in between. However, a new report suggests shortening school holidays to stop children forgetting what they have learnt during the long summer break. Instead of three school terms, it says, there should be five eight-week terms. And there should be just four weeks off in the summer, with a two-week break between the other terms. Sonia Montero has two children at primary school and works full-time. She supports the idea. “The kids,” she says, “have much longer holidays than me and I can’t afford to take several weeks off work, so I need someone to take care of them. But nobody wants the work in the summer months — they all have holidays of their own.” Not surprisingly, some young people disagree. Student Jason Panos says “It’s a stupid idea. I would hate staying at school in the summer. It’s unfair, too. The people who suggest this had long school holidays when they were young, but now they want to stop us enjoying the summer. The kids in Spain and America have much longer holidays than here, but they don’t forget everything they’ve learnt in a few months.” Nadia Salib agrees. “Sure,” she says, “the first week at school after the summer is never easy, but you soon get back into it. The real problem round here is that kids get bored after so many weeks out of school, and then some of them start causing trouble. But the answer is to give them something to do, not make everyone stay in school longer.” 1．Why is Sonia in support of shorter school holidays? A．She doesn’t get any summer holidays in her job. B．She is worried that her children will forget what they’ve learnt. C．She can’t afford to pay someone to look after her children. D．She can’t get anyone to look after her children in summer. 2．What does Jason say about long summer holidays? A．They can help children forget about school. B．Schools in other countries don’t have them. C．These days many older people have them too. D．They have little influence on children’s education. 3．What does Nadia say about young people on summer holidays? A．They would like to spend more time at school. B．Long holidays are very bad for their education. C．They need something to do to enrich themselves. D．Long holidays should be shortened to stop them causing trouble. 4．Which of the following statements best explains the text? A．It has been decided that summer holidays should be shortened. B．Students are angry that school holidays have been changed. C．Some people want to change school holidays but not everyone agrees. D．Teenagers are worried that they will be busy during summer holidays. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文，一份新的报告建议缩短暑假延长学生在校学习时间，对此建议不同的人有不同的看法。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“…so I need someone to take care of them. But nobody wants the work in the summer month s — they all have holidays of their own.(……所以我需要有人照顾他们，但是没有人想在夏天工作——他们都有自己的假期。)”可知，Sonia同意缩短学生假期，主要是因为夏天找不到人帮她照顾孩子。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“The kids in Spain and America have much longer holidays than here, but they don’t forget everything they’ve learnt in a few months.(西班牙和美国的孩子有比这里更长的假期，但他们不会在几个月里忘记所学的一切。)”可知，Jason认为西班牙和美国的学生假期也很长，但是他们并没有忘记所学的内容。也就是说长的暑假对学生并没有太大的影响。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“But the answer is to give them something to do, not make everyone stay in school longer.(但答案是给他们一些事情做，而不是让每个人在学校待得更久。)”可知，关键在于要给学生更多的事情去做来充实自己。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段第二句“However, a new report suggests shortening school holidays to stop children forgetting what they have learnt during the long summer break.(然而，一份新的报告建议缩短学校假期，以防止孩子们在漫长的暑假中忘记他们所学的知识。)”可知，有人建议缩短学生假期，接下来叙述了不同的人对此有不同的态度。故C项“有些人想改变学校假期，但不是每个人都同意。”能概括文章大意。故选C项 Passage 7 （2022上·江苏常州高一江苏省常州高级中学校考阶段练习）What kind of people can become scientists? When a group of researchers posed that question to ninth-and 10th-graders, almost every student gave such responses as “People who work hard” or “Anyone who seems interested in the field of science.” Many of these same students struggled to imagine themselves as scientists, citing concerns such as “I’m not good at science” and “Even if I work hard, I will not do well.” It’s easy for them to see a scientist’s work as arising from an inborn talent. But for high school students, learning more about some struggles of scientists can help students feel more motivated to learn science. Researchers at Teachers College, Columbia University and the University of Washington designed an intervention to change students’ beliefs that scientific achievement depends on ability rather than effort by exposing students to stories of how accomplished scientists struggled and overcame challenges in their scientific efforts. During the study, the students read one of three types of stories about Albert Einstein, Marie Curie and Michael Faraday. Intellectual(智力的)struggle stories: stories about how scientists “struggled intellectually,” such as making mistakes while addressing a scientific problem and learning from them. Life struggle stories: stories about how scientists struggled in their personal lives, such as not giving up in the face of poverty or lack of family support. Achievement stories: stories about how scientists made great discoveries, without any discussion of coexisting challenges. Researchers found that students who heard either type of “struggle stories” improved their science performance after-intervention, compared to students in the control group. The effect was especially pronounced for lower performing students, for whom exposure to struggling stories led to significantly better science-class performance than low-performing students who read achievement stories. In addition, students who read struggle stories reported feeling more personally connected to the scientists. By recognizing a scientist’s struggles and introducing the growth mindset he or she applied to accomplish great works, the students were able to empathize(共情)with the scientists during their own struggles. 1．Why do students fail to imagine themselves as scientists? A．They lack interest in science. B．They are short of confidence C．They don’t have inborn talent. D．They have no ability to study science 2．What’s the purpose of the intervention? A．To introduce some inspirational stories to students. B．To expose students to scientists’ great achievements. C．To ensure students will become scientists in the future. D．To clear students’ misunderstandings of scientific work. 3．The underlined word “pronounced” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to________. A．minimal B．noticeable C．doubtful D．long-lasting 4．What can we learn from the research? A．Science ability has nothing to do with efforts. B．Students are more motivated by achievement stories. C．Scientists’ struggle stories can influence readers’ beliefs. D．Low-performing students tend to feel connected to scientists. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究人员向九年级和十年级的学生提出“什么样的人可以成为科学家”这个问题时，几乎每个学生的回答都是“努力学习的人”或“对科学领域感兴趣的人”。为了解除这种误解，研究人员设计了一项干预，即了解更多关于科学家的奋斗可以帮助学生更有动力学习科学，结果发现，听过任何一种“奋斗故事”的学生在干预后的科学表现都有所提高。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“Many of these same students struggled to imagine themselves as scientists, citing concerns such as ‘I’m not good at science’ and ‘Even if I work hard, I will not do well.’ It’s easy for them to see a scientist’s work as arising from an inborn talent.(同样是这些学生中的许多人都很难将自己想象成科学家，理由是“我不擅长科学”和“即使我努力工作，也不会做得很好”。他们很容易将科学家的工作视为天生的才能。)”可知，这些学生认为能够成为科学家是天生的才能，“自己不擅长”或“即使努力也无法做好”这样的理由可以看作为他们缺乏自信，从而很难将自己想象成科学家。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容“Researchers at Teachers College, Columbia University and the University of Washington designed an intervention to change students’ beliefs that scientific achievement reflects ability rather than effort by exposing students to stories of how accomplished scientists struggled and overcame challenges in their scientific efforts.(教师学院、哥伦比亚大学和华盛顿大学的研究人员设计了一种干预措施，让学生了解有成就的科学家在科学努力中如何努力和克服挑战的故事，从而改变学生们认为科学成就反映的是能力而不是努力的观念。)”可知，这项干预通过让学生们了解科学家们是如何努力奋斗克服挑战的，以澄清学生对科学工作的误解。故选D项。 3．词义猜测题。分析可知，非限制性定语从句“for whom exposure to struggling stories led to significantly better science-class performance than low-performing students who read achievement stories. (对他们来说，接触奋斗故事比阅读成就故事的成绩差的学生在科学课上表现更好)”的先行词为“lower performing students(成绩差的学生)”，因此可知，在“干预”后，接触奋斗故事的成绩差的学生和阅读成就故事的成绩差的学生在科学课上都有了好的表现，且二者之间通过对比出现了“更好”，由此可推知，干预对于成绩差的学生效果显著，因此，“The effect was especially pronounced”应是“效果显著”的意思，由此可推知，“pronounced”应是“明显的，显著的”含义，与选项B“noticeable(显而易见的)”含义相同。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据文章末尾内容“By recognizing a scientist’s struggles and introducing the growth mindset he or she applied to accomplish great works, the students were able to empathize (共情) with the scientists during their own struggles.(通过认识科学家的奋斗，并介绍他或她在完成伟大工作时所运用的成长心态，学生们能够在科学家的奋斗过程中感同身受。)”可知，通过了解一个科学家的奋斗史，学生们使得自己在奋斗过程中能够产生与科学家的共鸣，从而能够改变之前的对于科学家工作的误解。由此可推知，科学家的奋斗故事可以影响读者的信念。故选C项。 Passage 8 In June 2015, Hedlund gave herself a challenge: She would go an entire year without buying any clothes. At first she thought she’d try it out on her own. But because she was also in charge of clothes shopping for her husband and young son, she expanded the experiment to also include them. Hedlund found that she spent hundreds of dollars each year on clothes she and her family never actually wore. With the exception of a single pair of running shoes, Hedlund succeeded in not buying any clothing for anyone in her family for one year. Along the way, the experiment brought her attention to something else: the clothing industry’s wastefulness. This problem, Hedlund realized, was fueled partly by people like herself, who bought too many clothes they didn’t need. These purchases power an industry where pollution, waste and unsafe working conditions are too often seen. “ I wasn’t really aware of this dark side of the clothing industry,” said Hedlund. “It wasn’t the first thing I took into consideration when I started the challenge, but now it just makes me want to keep not buying clothing.” It’s possible that consumers’ (消费者) actions can affect a trillion-dollar global industry. By controlling their consumption, consumers can send a clearer signal to clothing producers that they don’t want to buy so much and they don’t want to buy badly-made clothing. However, minimalism (极简主义) has earned plenty of critics. “Minimalism is OK only when it’s a choice, and its followers are in the well-off middle class,” said Stephanie Land, a journalist for The New York Times. “ For people who are not so well off, it is not really a choice.” 1．Why did Hedlund include her husband and young son in her experiment? A．She needed their help. B．She loved them very much. C．She was responsible for their clothes. D．She wanted to face a great challenge. 2．What was one result of Hedlund’s challenge? A．She did a lot of running. B．She bought fewer clothes. C．She stopped buying anything. D．She changed her living conditions. 3．What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Overconsumption. B．Leading a simple lifestyle. C．The experiment she did on clothing. D．The negative effect of the clothing industry. 4．It can be inferred from Stephanie Land’s words that minimalism __________. A．is not suitable for everyone. B．should be spoken highly of. C．is popular with poor people. D．can’t be thought of as a good idea. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 【分析】本文是说明文。文章通过Hedlund挑战自己一整年不买衣服的例子，分析了极简主义反映的问题和经济的关系，以及人们对极简主义的不同观点。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段At first she thought she’d try it out on her own. But because she was also in charge of clothes shopping for her husband and young son, she expanded the experiment to also include them.可知，一开始，Hedlund想自己试一试。但因为她还负责为丈夫和年幼的儿子选购衣服，她扩大了实验范围，把他们也包括在内。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段With the exception of a single pair of running shoes, Hedlund succeeded in not buying any clothing for anyone in her family for one year.可知，除了一双跑鞋，一年的时间里，Hedlund没有给家里的任何人买过衣服。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据上句“I wasn’t really aware of this dark side of the clothing industry,” said Hedlund.可知，Hedlund说：“我并没有意识到服装业的负面影响”。此处承接上句，句中it指的是上句提到的this dark side of the clothing industry，即Hedlund认为服装业的负面影响不是她开始挑战时考虑的第一件事，故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段Stephanie Land 说的“Minimalism is OK only when it’s a choice, and its followers are in the well-off middle class,” 及“ For people who are not so well off, it is not really a choice.” 可知，极简主义只有在它是一种选择时才是可行的，它的追随者是富裕的中产阶级。对于那些不是很富裕的人来说，这并不是一个真正的选择。由此可知，Stephanie Land认为极简主义并不适合每个人，故选A。 【点睛】代词指代题要求同学们根据语境的逻辑关系、判断画线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象，包括考查it(指动物，无生命的事物、特定的事件或人)，they/them(指代人、物、事件的复数名词)，he/she等人称代词的指代意义，以及指示代词this，that，these，those等在文章中的指代意义，考查同学们对文章中叙述特定的人，物，事件的认知能力。解答这类题时，同学们要认真阅读画线词所在句和前后临近句的内容，分析人称转换和动作变换的详细过程，理清来龙去脉和前后的因果关系，从而准确推断其指代的对象。例如，在第3小题中，根据上句“I wasn’t really aware of this dark side of the clothing industry,” said Hedlund.可知，Hedlund说：“我并没有意识到服装业的负面影响”。此处承接上句，句中it指的是上句提到的this dark side of the clothing industry，即Hedlund认为服装业的负面影响不是她开始挑战时考虑的第一件事，故选D。 Passage 8 （2024·甘肃白银校考模拟预测）We’ve all heard the phrase “use your time wisely” in our lives. How can we use our time “wisely”? In an increasingly urbanizing world, we are busier, required to do more to get into college or other higher academic institutions, or to get a job and do well at it. Because of that, things we do to relax, like reading a book, going out with friends or napping, are becoming rarer. Doing something that doesn’t quite directly help you reach your goal (like the things for relaxation) is often viewed as “wasting your time” because we only have limited time. But even if relaxing or having fun takes time away from being “productive”, they shouldn’t be considered “a waste of time”. If we don’t do things for fun, what is there to enjoy in life? There have been numerous studies indicating how relaxation and going out with friends can improve your mental and physical health. Being able to take part in an enjoyable hobby or spend time with someone you enjoy being around can help release “feel good” hormones (荷尔蒙) that can reduce some stress in your daily life, thus improving physical health in the long run. But of course, as a part-time hypocrite (伪善者) on this topic, sometimes when I find myself enjoying a book, playing a video game, or scrolling on TikTok, I get this awful feeling instantly after that I could have used that time to do something productive like taking textbook notes or finishing an assignment. Or maybe I would go out with my friends during the day and come back to my dorm just to think about how I could have used that time to study for an upcoming exam. We’ve all been there. However, even if it isn’t evident, doing those little things prevents us from burning out too fast. It creates some positive memories hanging in your mind that will hopefully get you through a tough patch. You need to relax in order to be productive later on. The popular concept of a work-life balance also tells us you should do things that you enjoy to keep the balance, and therefore, would not be considered “a waste of time”. 1．What is often thought as “a waste of time” according to paragraph 2? A．Hanging out with friends. B．Preparing for a business trip. C．Training for school basketball matches. D．Reading for an essay assigned last week. 2．How does relaxation benefit us? A．It improves our health shortly. B．It develops our hobbies greatly. C．It releases hormones to develop our stress. D．It strengthens us physically and mentally. 3．What does the underlined sentence “We’ve all been there.” mean? A．We’ve taken the exam. B．We’ve been somewhere already. C．We all have had the same experience. D．We all have come back to the dormitory. 4．What’s the author’s attitude toward “wasting time”? A．Doubtful. B．Supportive. C．Disapproving. D．Conservative. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了何为明智地利用时间，并讲述了放松的好处。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Doing something that doesn’t quite directly help you reach your goal (like the things for relaxation) is often viewed as “wasting your time” because we only have limited time. But even if relaxing or having fun takes time away from being “productive”, they shouldn’t be considered “a waste of time”. If we don’t do things for fun, what is there to enjoy in life? (做一些不能直接帮助你实现目标的事情（比如放松的事情）通常被视为“浪费时间”，因为我们的时间有限。但是，即使放松或娱乐占用了“高效”的时间，它们也不应该被认为是“浪费时间”。如果我们不为乐趣而做事情，生活中还有什么可享受的？)”可知，和朋友出去玩通常被认为是“浪费时间”。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“There have been numerous studies indicating how relaxation and going out with friends can improve your mental and physical health. (有大量的研究表明，放松和和朋友出去玩可以改善你的身心健康。)”可知，放松增强了我们的身心。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章倒数第二段“But of course, as a part-time hypocrite (伪善者) on this topic, sometimes when I find myself enjoying a book, playing a video game, or scrolling on TikTok, I get this awful feeling instantly after that I could have used that time to do something productive like taking textbook notes or finishing an assignment. Or maybe I would go out with my friends during the day and come back to my dorm just to think about how I could have used that time to study for an upcoming exam. (当然，作为这个话题的部分时间的伪善者，有时当我发现自己在享受一本书、玩电子游戏或在TikTok上刷屏时，我马上就会有一种糟糕的感觉，我本可以利用这段时间做一些有成效的事情，比如记课本笔记或完成作业。或者我可能会在白天和朋友出去玩，然后回到宿舍，只是想一下我该如何利用这段时间为即将到来的考试学习。)”可知，放松后作者觉得本可以利用这些时间干点更有意义的事，划线句子的含义是“很多人都有这样的经历”。A. We’ve taken the exam我们已经参加了考试；B. We’ve been somewhere already我们已经去过某个地方了；C. We all have had the same experience我们都有同样的经历；D. We all have come back to the dormitory我们都回到宿舍了。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“However, even if it isn’t evident, doing those little things prevents us from burning out too fast. It creates some positive memories hanging in your mind that will hopefully get you through a tough patch. You need to relax in order to be productive later on. The popular concept of a work-life balance also tells us you should do things that you enjoy to keep the balance, and therefore, would not be considered “a waste of time”. (然而，即使不明显，做这些小事也能防止我们很快耗尽精力。它在你的脑海中创造了一些积极的记忆，有望让你度过难关。为了以后的工作效率，你需要放松。工作与生活平衡的流行概念也告诉我们，你应该做你喜欢的事情来保持平衡，因此，不会被认为是“浪费时间”。)”可知，作者对“浪费时间”持支持的态度。故选B。从 话题2生活与学习 Passage 9 Way back in 1953, high school mathematics looked like a big problem for me and several of my classmates. When we reached the 9th grade, we got Mr.Iyer, the strict math teacher who was also our class teacher. He always stuck to his discipline. We had to arrive on time, pay attention to his lectures, and never neglect (忽视) any of his homework. As he was our class teacher, we got to know him better. Noticing some of us were fidgety one day as the midterm exams approached, he stopped solving a mathematical problem to ask us why. “There’s too much to do,” we sighed. “We’re afraid we’ll never manage to finish our review before the exams.” “Nothing is impossible,” Mr.Iyer told us. “This classroom is on the second floor. Do you have trouble reaching here?” We reacted with blank (茫然的) eyes. “No, you don’t!” he said, answering his own question. “You have a staircase to help you climb up to this level. No one expects you to make it in two giant leaps. You simply take one step at a time. Any task can be solved if you focus on the next action to be taken. The rest will take care of itself, if you keep at it. One step at a time. That’s the secret.” Then he wrote down an old motto on the blackboard: “The longest journey starts with a single step.” Having heard his staircase analogy (比拟), we saw him in a new light. Most of my classmates scored distinctions (优等评分) in math. And I went on to become an English teacher. To this day, whenever I pass on Mr. Iyer’s invaluable advice to my own students, they brighten up at the sight of a lighter academic burden. 1．What can we learn from the first paragraph? A．Math was difficult for most of the author’s classmates. B．The students thought Mr.Iyer was not a good teacher. C．Mr.Iyer was serious about his job and strict with the students. D．Mr.Iyer would punish the students neglecting his discipline. 2．What does the underlined word “fidgety” in Paragraph 2probably mean? A．Hard-working. B．Nervous. C．Excited. D．Calm. 3．Why did the students react with blank eyes? A．They thought reaching the second floor had no connection with the worry. B．They were too tired to understand any words Mr.Iyer said in class. C．They were surprised that Mr.Iyer would talk about such an unbelievable problem. D．They had no interest in any subjects that were no good for their exams. 4．The staircase analogy tells us________. A．one can reach his goals very easily B．the goals can be reached step by step C．there is only one step between success and failure D．tasks can be achieved with the help of the teacher 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者曾经的老师教会他一个道理——目标可以一步一步地达到。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“When we reached the 9th grade, we got Mr.Iyer, the strict math teacher who was also our class teacher. He always stuck to his discipline.(当我们到了九年级，我们得到了Mr. Iyer，严格的数学老师，也是我们的班主任。他总是遵守纪律)”可知，Mr. Iyer工作认真，对学生要求严格。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“he stopped solving a mathematical problem to ask us why. “There’s too much to do,” we sighed. “We’re afraid we’ll never manage to finish our review before the exams.”(他停止解数学题来问我们为什么。“要做的事太多了，”我们叹了口气。“我们担心考试前永远也写不完复习。”)”可知，Mr. Iyer注意到我们的状态。由此推知，划线词fidgety与nervous(担心)意思接近。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“This classroom is on the second floor. Do you have trouble reaching here?(这个教室在二楼。你到这儿有困难吗?)”及第四段“We reacted with blank (茫然的) eyes.(我们的反应是茫然的)”可推知，学生们认为到达二楼与焦虑无关，故一脸茫然。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Then he wrote down an old motto on the blackboard: “The longest journey starts with a single step.” Having heard his staircase analogy (比拟), we saw him in a new light.(然后他在黑板上写下了一句古老的格言：“千里之行始于足下。”听了他的楼梯比喻，我们对他有了新的认识)”可推知，楼梯的比喻告诉我们目标可以一步一步地达到。故选B。 Passage 10 During my first year in college, I was silent. I was too afraid of saying something wrong. I declared a religion major as a sophomore and took a class from Barbara, a young theologian. My mind was split open by a range of new thinkers and writers and by the quality of Barbara’s questions, I finally had something to say and the energy to say it. I was a frequent visitor during Barbara’s office hours, a rocket of words. She listened and calmly responded, a perfect contrast to my feverish ramblings. I loved what she saw in me, which was a range of abilities I had never seen in myself. In the following years, our relationship gradually deepened, but I was always conscious of a teacher-student dynamic. This changed fundamentally when I became a parent. I had my son in March 2010, and Barbara was one of the first to congratulate me. When, nine months later, my child was diagnosed with Tay-Sachs disease, a rare and always terminal illness with no treatment and no cure, she sent me a letter-handwritten on a white legal pad. For the next two and a half years, Barbara wrote me regular, sometimes weekly, letters, remarkable letters that are revealing, loving, and kind. The letter written right before my son died, when he was three, was the most personal and perhaps the most profound. “I think he’s made you better by opening up the great fire of your love,” she wrote, “with his small but magnificent existence.” I have never in my life read a more deeply comforting sentence, one that spoke to my grandest hopes, my deepest fears, and the only faith that remains to me, which is a belief in chaos. Our love had bloomed and deepened from a guarded mutual respect to a richer, deeper friendship. Mentors are meant to lead those in their charge into fresh understanding, help them sort and filter new experiences, assist in the project of making sense out of the chaos that is human life. Mentors observe and accompany the darkest despair, the wildest sorrow, and the most unexpected joy. 1．What can we learn from paragraph 2? A．The author took the class because she excelled1 in theology. B．Their relationship changed significantly beyond a teacher-student mode. C．The author was a frequent visitor to Barbara’s home after working hours. D．Barbara’s peaceful exterior was a contrast to the author’s overexcited talk. 2．What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．The way Barbara treated her students. B．The fact that the author kept silent in class. C．The role of the author as a college student. D．The relationship between Barbara and the author. 3．What transformed the relationship between Barbara and the author from a mutual respect to a deeper friendship? A．Barbara’s efforts to solve the problem. B．Barbara’s sympathy shown in the letter. C．The author’s in-depth understanding of Barbara. D．Barbara’s congratulations on the birth of the author’s son. 4．What does the author think of Barbara? A．Demanding and dedicated. B．Responsible and reasonable. C．Insightful and inspiring. D．Aggressive and ambitious. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和自己的导师之间的感情，表达了自己对导师深深的感激之情。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I was a frequent visitor during Barbara’s office hours, a rocket of words. She listened and calmly responded, a perfect contrast to my feverish ramblings.(我是芭芭拉办公时间的常客，滔滔不绝。她听着，平静地回答，与我狂热的胡言乱语形成鲜明对比。)”可知，芭芭拉平静的答复与作者激动的谈话形成了对比。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线单词上一段最后一句“In the following years, our relationship gradually deepened, but I was always conscious of a teacher-student dynamic.(在接下来的几年里，我们的关系逐渐加深，但我始终意识到一种师生关系。)”可知，作者一直感受到自己和芭芭拉之间的师生情。而划线词This指的正是两人之间的关系。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The letter written right before my son died, when he was three, was the most personal and perhaps the most profound. “I think he’s made you better by opening up the great fire of your love,” she wrote, “with his small but magnificent existence.” I have never in my life read a more deeply comforting sentence, one that spoke to my grandest hopes, my deepest fears, and the only faith that remains to me, which is a belief in chaos. Our love had bloomed and deepened from a guarded mutual respect to a richer, deeper friendship. (那封信是我儿子临死前写的，当时他三岁，这封信是最私人的，也许也是最深刻的。她写道：“我认为他用他渺小但华丽的存在，点燃了你爱的火焰，让你变得更好。”在我的一生中，我从来没有读过比这更令人宽慰的句子，这句话道出了我最大的希望，最深的恐惧，以及我仅存的信念，那就是对混乱的信念。我们的感情从一种谨慎的相互尊重发展成为一种更丰富、更深的友谊。)”可知，芭芭拉在信中所表示出来的同情使得我们之间的关系从互相尊重变成了更深层次的友谊。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“My mind was split open by a range of new thinkers and writers and by the quality of Barbara’s questions, I finally had something to say and the energy to say it.(我的思想被一系列新的思想家和作家以及芭芭拉的问题的质量触动了，我终于有话要说，也有精力说出来。)”可知，作者的老师芭芭拉很有见解；根据第四段“I have never in my life read a more deeply comforting sentence, one that spoke to my grandest hopes, my deepest fears, and the only faith that remains to me, which is a belief in chaos.(在我的一生中，我从来没有读过比这更令人宽慰的句子，这句话道出了我最大的希望，最深的恐惧，以及我仅存的信念，那就是对混乱的信念。)”可知，芭芭拉很会鼓舞人。故选C。 Passage 11 I have been worrying for weeks now about what to give my mother for Mother's Day. For most people, this is a modest problem, solved by the purchase of a bathrobe or a box of candy. For me, however, Mother's Day represents an annual challenge to do the impossible—find a gift that will make neither Mama nor me feel terrible. Expensive gifts which Mama defines as costing over $10 are out, because they make Mama feel terrible. "This is awful, " she once said, examining an apron. "I feel just terrible. You shouldn't have spent that much on it." Inexpensive presents - under $10—please Mama, but they make me feel terrible. The story always goes this way: a gift given to Mama will bounce swiftly back to me. If I buy her something wearable, she perceives in an instant that it could be let in here, let out there, and it would fit me perfectly. If I give her a plant, she cuts off the top for me to take home and root in a glass of water. If I give her something edible, she wants me to stay for lunch and eat it. Papa, a sensible man, long ago stopped trying to shop for Mama. Instead, on Mother's Day, her birthday, and other appropriate occasions, he composes a short romantic poem in which he tells of their meeting, unforgettable things, and marriage. After nearly 30 years of poems, Papa sometimes worries that the edge of his poetic inspiration has dulled, but Mama doesn't complain. She comes into the room while he is struggling over a gift poem and says, "It doesn't have to rhyme as long as it's from the heart." This year, finally, I think I, too, have found a painless gift for Mama. I am going to give her a magazine article, unrhymed but from the heart, in which I wish her "Happy Mother's Day" and tell her there's nothing Papa or I could ever buy, find, or make her that would be half good enough anyway. 1．Why Mother's Day is regarded as an annual challenge by the author? A．Most gifts are too expensive to afford. B．Her mother has never been pleased with gifts. C．She lacks the experience of choosing gifts. D．It's hard to buy a satisfying gift for her mother. 2．What can we know about the author's mother from paragraph 3? A．She is particular about gifts. B．She doesn't like receiving gifts. C．She always cares about her child. D．She always gives something in return. 3．Which words can best describe the author's Dad? A．Loving and wise. B．Energetic and kind. C．Brave and inspiring. D．Optimistic and talented. 4．Why will the author give her mother a magazine article? A．To show her love for her mother. B．To show off her literary competence. C．To offer a better present than .her dad's. D．To avoid the difficulty of choosing 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述作者给母亲挑选礼物的“艰难历程”。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Mother’s Day represents an annual challenge to do the impossible—find a gift that will make neither Mama nor me feel terrible.( 然而，对我来说，母亲节意味着每年都要做一件不可能的事——找到一件既不会让妈妈也不会让我感到糟糕的礼物)”可知，很难买到令母亲满意自己也满意的礼物。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三自然段的主题句“The story always goes this way: a gift given to Mama will bounce swiftly back to me.( 故事总是这样发展的：送给妈妈的礼物会迅速回到我身上)” 以及后面整段内容可知，无论作者给母亲买了什么，这个礼物最后总会又绕回到作者这里。说明母亲总是很关心作者。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第四自然段中的内容“Papa, a sensible man”以及“...he composes a short romantic poem in which he tells of their meeting, unforgettable things, and marriage(他会写一首浪漫的短诗，讲述他们的相遇、难忘的事情和婚姻)”可知，明智的父亲采取自己作诗的方式来作为礼物送给母亲，这些浪漫的诗歌涉及到父母爱情中的点点滴滴。可见父亲不但明智而且有爱。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的内容“...unrhymed but from the heart, in which I wish her “Happy Mother’s Day” and tell her there’s nothing Papa or I could ever buy, find, or make her that would be half good enough anyway.( 虽然没有韵律，但却是发自内心的，在这篇文章中，我祝她“母亲节快乐”，并告诉她，无论爸爸或我能买到、找到或做给她的什么东西都不足够配得上妈妈。)”可知，这篇文章虽然不押韵，辞藻不华丽，但却是真情实感的体现。没有什么礼物能够表达得了我们对母亲的爱，我们买不了、找不到、也做不出哪怕是能配得上母亲一半的礼物。由此体现出作者对母亲的爱。故选A项。 Passage 12 （2021上·福建厦门高一校考期中）As today’s high schoolers are facing too much homework, sports teams and clubs and high-rising college costs, many people are rethinking the idea of high schoolers working. Are there still benefits of having a job in high school? The answer is yes. When I was 14 years old, my mother suggested that I get a job in order to pay for college. Unhappy with my sporadic (零星的) babysitting work, I told my mother that, no matter what job I got, I’d never be able to cover college costs on a high school worker’s pay. My mother smiled and told me that there were plenty of other reasons why I should get a job apart from just the paycheck (工资支票). So I found myself finally accepting a job as a swim instructor and lifeguard at my town’s public pool. I ended up working part-time at the pool through all four years of high school. Not everything about the job was marvelous. Actually, there were times I hated jumping in the pool on cold mornings and lecturing kids on their bad manners, but, like my mother said, I got many other benefits from the job besides the paycheck. At my job, I made lots of new friends, more than I had made in high school. I also learnt lots of skills including CPR (心肺复苏法) training. I was also able to use my work experience to stand out from other job applicants in college and get a paid research job as a freshman in college. For many high school students, there are many benefits of having a job. Not only will high school jobs give you a way to make some money, meet new people, and develop some skills, you can also use your teenage jobs to get yourself a better job in college. 1．What was my mother’s suggestion when I was 14 years old? A．She suggested that the author get a job to pay for college. B．She suggested that the author do babysitting work. C．She suggested that the author face too much homework. D．She suggested that the author jump in the pool. 2．What does the underlined word “marvelous” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Tiring. B．Frightening. C．Adventurous. D．Enjoyable. 3．How did the author’s part-time job benefit him? A．It led him to be a headmaster. B．It helped him get a good job in college. C．It helped him run his own company in college. D．It provided him with enough money to pay for college. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．More Than Just the Paycheck B．My First Job in High School C．What I Learnt from a Swim Instructor D．High Schoolers Are Having a Hard Time 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章论述的是高中生做兼职工作除了薪水之外还有很多好处。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“When I was 14 years old, my mother suggested that I get a job in order to pay for college.（在我14岁的时候，我母亲建议我找一份工作来支付大学学费）”，可知，当作者14岁的时候，妈妈建议作者找一份工作来支付大学学费。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据第四段中的部分否定“Not everything（不是所有的事情）”和“Actually, there were times I hated jumping in the pool on cold mornings and lecturing kids on their bad manners, but, like my mother said, I got many other benefits from the job besides the paycheck.（事实上，有几次我讨厌在寒冷的早晨跳进泳池训斥孩子们的不礼貌行为，但是，就像我妈妈说的，我从这份工作中得到了许多其他的好处，除了薪水）”，可知，这份工作并非十全十美。划线词的意思是“令人愉快的”。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段中“I was also able to use my work experience to stand out from other job applicants in college and get a paid research job as a freshman in college.（我也能够利用我的工作经验在大学里从其他求职者中脱颖而出，并在大学一年级时获得了一份带薪研究工作）”，可知，作者的兼职工作帮助他在大学里找到了一份好工作。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“For many high school students, there are many benefits of having a job. Not only will high school jobs give you a way to make some money, meet new people, and develop some skills, you can also use your teenage jobs to get yourself a better job in college.（对于许多高中生来说，有一份工作有很多好处。 高中的工作不仅能让你赚到钱，结识新朋友，培养技能，你还可以利用青少年时期的工作在大学里为自己找到更好的工作）”可知，高中生做兼职工作有很多好处，“不仅仅是薪水”，所以最佳主题是“More Than Just the Paycheck（不仅仅是薪水）”。故选A。 Passage 13 （2022·黑龙江哈尔滨哈尔滨三中校考模拟预测）The noise of chattering mouths subsided (平息) as a teacher entered the classroom. “Good morning, class. I am Riffat Monaf, and I will be your geography teacher.” Riffat Monaf, a fascinating name and an attractive person. Her introduction took place about six years ago, and since then I have never met a more influential person in my life. Mrs Monaf not only conquered me with her vast knowledge of geography, but also won me over with her smile and warm eyes. It was in her class that I traveled to the highest mountains and to the deepest seas from the comfort of the classroom. I learned about the vast oceans, the erupting volcanoes, the snow-capped mountains and the green valleys. She would often relate her adventures about traveling to different parts of the world. Never can I forget the glory of her face when she talks about how truly beautiful this world is. If I search back my love for the environment and geography, I find her to be the source of my love for preserving nature. If one day I became an environmentalist, I know that I’ll thank her for it. Apart from this, she has always greeted me with open arms and she calls her students “my children”. Mrs Monaf’s morals and values rubbed off on me deeply and I have always taken account of her advice. She has been one of the most consistently good things in my life. Currently, she is fighting a battle against breast cancer, and it pains me to know that after all she has done for me. I can do nothing for her except pray. Whenever I see her in school, she still keeps that kind smile and an expression so soft that it trembles my heart. Mrs Monaf still talks enthusiastically about geography, and I know that I can never see a greater person like her in my life. 1．What does the second paragraph imply? A．The writer got around a lot when at senior high. B．Mrs Monaf was a person with extraordinary knowledge. C．The writer performed well at school. D．Mrs Monaf enjoyed telling her students funny jokes in class. 2．What does the underlined word “rubbed off on” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Scratched off. B．Took on. C．Crossed off. D．Impacted on. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Mrs. Monaf was an optimistic person. B．Breast cancer made Mrs. Monaf depressed. C．Another great person may appear in my life. D．Praying for Mrs. Monaf made the writer tremble. 4．What would be the best title for the passage? A．My Eventful School Life B．The Teacher-student Friendship C．An Influence in My Life D．Struggles Against Breast Cancer 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一个对作者有很大影响的人——莫纳夫人。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“Mrs Monaf not only conquered me with her vast knowledge of geography, but also won me over with her smile and warm eyes.”(莫纳夫人不仅用她丰富的地理知识征服了我，而且用她的微笑和温暖的眼神征服了我。)可知，莫纳夫人是一个有丰富知识的人。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Mrs Monaf’s morals and values rubbed off on me deeply and I have always taken account of her advice.”(莫纳夫人的道德和价值观深深地rubbed off on我，我一直在考虑她的建议。)可知，rubbed off on是动词短语，表达了莫纳夫人对作者的影响，所以rubbed off on的意思应该是“对……有影响”，和D选项意思一致。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“Never can I forget the glory of her face when she talks about how truly beautiful this world is. If I search back my love for the environment and geography, I find her to be the source of my love for preserving nature. If one day I became an environmentalist, I know that I’ll thank her for it. Apart from this, she has always greeted me with open arms and she calls her students “my children”.”(我永远忘不了当她谈到这个世界是多么的美丽时她脸上的光彩。如果我追寻我对环境和地理的爱，我会发现她是我保护自然的爱的源泉。如果有一天我成了环保人士我知道我会感谢她的。除此之外，她总是张开双臂欢迎我，称她的学生为“我的孩子”。)可知，莫纳夫人是一个积极乐观的人。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Her introduction took place about six years ago, and since then I have never met a more influential person in my life.”(她的介绍发生在大约六年前，从那以后，我再也没有见过比她更有影响力的人了。)可知，这篇文章主要是介绍一个对作者有很大影响的人——莫纳夫人。故选C。 Passage 14 I grew up in the 1950s with very practical parents. My mother washed aluminum foil (铝箔纸) after she cooked in it, and then she reused it.She was the earliest recycle (回收利用) queen before people had a name for it. My father was no different.He preferred getting old shoes fixed to buying new ones.Their marriage was good and their dreams were focused. Their best friends lived just a wave away.Though my parents have passed away,I can see them now-Dad in trousers,a T-shirt and a hat and Mom in a house dress,lawnmower (割草机) in one hand and dishtowel in the other. It was the time to fix things-a curtain rod (挂帘杆) the kitchen radio, the screen door, the oven door, and so on. They fixed all things we had.It was a way of life,and sometimes it made me crazy.All that re-fixing and renewing made me want to scream.I wanted just once to be wasteful.Waste meant being rich.Throwing things away meant you knew there’d always be more.I often thought like that. But then my mother died,and on that clear summer night,in the warmth of the hospital room,I learnt that sometimes there isn’t any more.Sometimes,what we care about most gets all used up and goes away and it will never return. So, while we have it, it is the best that we love it,care for it,fix it when it’s broken and cure it when it’s sick. This is true for marriage,old cars,children with bad report cards,dogs with bad hips and aging parents and grandparents.We keep them because they are worth it and because we are worth it. 1．We can learn that when the writer was young, she________. A．thought highly of her parents’ habits B．often helped her parents fix old things C．often threw things away without being noticed D．at times hated it when her parents fixed old things 2．What did the writer realise after her mother’s death? A．Her mother truly loved her. B．She had wasted a lot of money. C．Things may never return once they are gone. D．She had hurt her parents for many times. 3．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To advise us to love what we have. B．To encourage us to recycle old things. C．To explain why her parents recycled. D．To help us know about life in the past. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了父母对旧东西的珍惜让作者认识到：要珍惜自己所拥有的人和物，爱自己所拥有的一切。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“It was a way of life, and sometimes it made me crazy. All that re-fixing and renewing made me want to scream.(这是一种生活方式，有时会让我发疯。所有的修复和更新都让我想尖叫。)”可知，作者小时候有时会讨厌父母修理旧东西的行为。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“But then my mother died, and on that clear summer night, in the warmth of the hospital room, I learnt that sometimes there isn’t any more. Sometimes, what we care about most gets all used up and goes away and it will never return. (但后来我的母亲去世了，在那个晴朗的夏夜，在温暖的病房里，我明白了有时再也没有了。有时候，我们最在乎的东西用光了，消失了，再也回不来了。)”可知，作者在妈妈去世后意识到东西一旦消失，可能就再也回不来了。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“So, while we have it, it is the best that we love it, care for it, fix it when it’s broken and cure it when it’s sick.(所以，当我们拥有它的时候，我们爱它，照顾它，在它坏了的时候修理它，在它生病的时候治愈它，这是最好的。)”和文章第五段“This is true for marriage, old cars, children with bad report cards, dogs with bad hips and aging parents and grandparents. We keep them because they are worth it and because we are worth it.( 婚姻、旧车、成绩单不好的孩子、屁股不好的狗、年迈的父母和祖父母都是如此。我们保留它们，因为它们值得拥有，也因为我们值得拥有。)”可推知，作者写此文是为了告诉我们，要珍惜自己所拥有的人和物，爱自己所拥有的一切。故选A。 Passage 15 Sarah came running in. “Look what I found.” Over the top of the paper I was reading came a crispy long object that caused me to jump. It was a snake skin that had been shed by one of our many garden snakes. “Isn’t it beautiful?” said my wide-eyed seven-year-old. I stared at the organic wrapper and thought to myself that it really wasn’t that beautiful, but I have learned never to appear uninterested with children. They see only good quality and excellence in the world until educated otherwise. “Why does it do this?” Sarah asked. “Snakes shed their skin because they need to renew themselves,” I explained. “Why do they need to renew themselves?” Sarah asked. I suddenly remembered an article on this page many years ago where the writer was expressing her concept of renewal. She used layers of paper over a wall to describe how we hide our original selves, and said that by peeling away those layers one by one, we see the original beneath. “We often need to shed our skins and those coatings that we cover ourselves with,” I said to my now absorbed daughter. “We outgrow some things and find other ones unwanted or unnecessary. This snake no longer needs this skin. It is probably too crinkly（起皱的）for him, and he probably doesn’t think he looks as smart in it as he once did.” Sarah was getting the point. As we talked, I knew that she began to understand, although slightly, that renewal is part of progress; that we need to take a good look at ourselves, our rooms, schoolwork and creativity, and see what we need to keep and what we need to cast off. I was careful to point out that this is a natural consequence of their growth. “I see, Dad,” said Sarah and jumped off my lap and ran off. I hoped she would remember this. That often, in order to find our real selves underneath the layers of community and culture with which we cover ourselves year after year, we need to start examining these layers. We need to gently peel some away, as we recognize them to be worthless or unnecessary; or at best, store the ones thrown away as mementoes（念想）of our promotion to a better vitality or spirit. 1．At the first sight of the snake skin, the author was . A．scared B．puzzled C．uninterested D．excited 2．Sarah learned from her father that renewal is . A．to recover the layers inside B．to review what has been done C．a natural part of getting mature D．the process of finding the unwanted 3．It can be inferred from the passage that the author ________. A．dislikes the snake skin at all B．shows concern for nature and culture C．can grasp the chance to educate children D．often encourages his daughter to raise questions 4．The author mainly tells the reader that ________. A．snakes cast off the layers to look smarter B．we should renew ourselves to get improved C．snakes shed their skins to renew themselves D．we should explore our original nature underneath 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文叙述了作者的女儿问作者关于蛇为什么会脱皮的问题，作者借机又给女儿进行了一次教育。蛇要脱皮是在成长，人要进步也须不断反省自己，只有会发现自己的缺点才能不断进步。 1．细节理解题。根据文中第一段Over the top of the paper I was reading came a crispy long object that caused me to jump.一句可知，作者看到这个长长的，硬而易碎的东西的时候吓得都跳起来了，scared受惊吓的；puzzled困惑的；uninterested不感兴趣的；excited激动的。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文中Sarah was getting the point. As we talked, I knew that she began to understand， although slightly, that renewal is part of progress; 及I was careful to point out that this is a natural consequence of their growth.可知Sarah开始慢慢理解蛇蜕皮也是一种进步，并且作者继续指出这是他们成长的很自然的一种结果。故选C。 3．推理判断题。本文作者的女儿问作者关于蛇为什么会脱皮的问题，作者抓住这个机会给女儿进行了一次教育。因此可推知，作者很善于抓住生活中的小事对孩子进行教育。故选C。 4．推理判断题。作者在文中针对蛇为什么会脱皮这一问题，把蛇的脱皮和人的进步作了类比。借机给女儿进行了一次教育。也是在向我们大家讲述这一道理：人要进步也须不断反省自己，这样才会发现自己的缺点并不断进步。故选B Passage 16 Dear Mrs Beattie, I was so afraid the first time I met you. It was not just that you were really fat and shouted so loudly. Everything about you was scary. All the teachers were afraid of you, too. But you were excellent and very kind. You would shout at us if we’d done something wrong in another teacher’s lesson, and then you would go to apologize (道歉) to that teacher for what we had done. You made us believe we were able to do anything if we put our heart into it. I hated art, and was disappointed at being unable to draw anything well. So, of course, my mind wandered in art lessons. You took me aside and said I could do it. You told me to concentrate on the lines, and if it was not good, I should start again. Do you remember how you made me draw and paint that photograph of the tennis player Nastase, and that it was a bit too bad at first but in the end I was so unbelievably proud of it? You could even see the veins (静脉) in his legs. “Mind over matter,” you said, or something like that — and you were right. We thought you were an ogre (凶恶的人), but you turned out to be the fairest person on the earth. There was a time when I did really well in everything but geography, and you said, “Simon has done quite well this year, but I am only let down by his geography where he didn’t work hard enough.” I said I had worked hard but was too weak in it, and asked if you could change my report, and you rewrote it, saying, “Simon has done quite well except for geography, which he’s not very good at.” Thanks, Mrs Beattie. Hope you’re still teaching there. Lots of love, Simon Smith 1．What is the relationship between Beattie and Simon? A．Classmates. B．Mother and son. C．Friends. D．Teacher and student. 2．The author didn’t focus on his art lessons mainly because ________. A．he couldn’t draw well B．the art teacher didn’t teach well C．the art teacher was unkind D．he was always laughed at by the art teacher 3．The author takes the example of painting the tennis player Nastase’s photo to show that ________. A．nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it B．two heads are better than one C．a good beginning is half done D．time and tide wait for no man 4．Which of the author’s subjects was Mrs Beattie not satisfied with? A．Art. B．Maths. C．Geography. D．Science. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．C 【分析】本文是作者写给老师的一封信，作者回顾了老师对自己的教诲和关爱，表达了对老师的感激之情。 1．推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段中的“You would shout at us if we’d done something wrong in another teacher’s lesson, and then you would go to apologize（道歉）to that teacher for what we had done”可知，如果他们在另一个老师的课上做错事，Beattie夫人就会冲他们大喊，然后为他们所做的事情向那个老师道歉，这说明Beattie夫人和作者是师生关系，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I hated art，and was disappointed at being unable to draw anything well”可知，作者不喜欢美术课的原因是画得不好，故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“You made us believe we were able to do anything if we put our heart into it”可知，你让我们相信，只要我们用心，我们就能做任何事，作者以自己画的网球运动员纳斯塔斯的画为例（作者以前画得不好，但这次画得很棒）就是为了证明这一点，同时也呼应了第二段中的Mind over matter（心胜于物），故选A（世上无难事，只怕有心人）。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Simon has done quite well this year，but I am only let down by his geography where he didn’t work hard enough”可知，老师对作者的地理成绩不满意，故选C。 【点睛】本篇第2题难度较大，抓住老师对自己的影响是关键，根据第一段中的“You made us believe we were able to do anything if we put our heart into it”可知，你让我们相信，只要我们用心，我们就能做任何事，作者以自己画的网球运动员纳斯塔斯的画为例（作者以前画得不好，但这次画得很棒）就是为了证明这一点，同时也呼应了第二段中的Mind over matter（心胜于物），故选A（世上无难事，只怕有心人）。 Passage 17 Years ago, I lived in a building in a large city. The building next door was only a few feet away from mine. There was a woman who lived there, whom I had never met, yet I could see her seat by her window each afternoon, sewing or reading. After several months had gone by, I began to notice that her window was dirty. Everything was unclear through the dirty window. I would say to myself, “I wonder why that woman doesn’t wash her window. It really looks terrible.” One bright morning I decided to clean my flat, including washing the window on the inside. Late in the afternoon when I finished the cleaning, I sat down by the window with a cup of coffee for a rest. What a surprise! Across the way, the woman sitting by her window was clearly visible. Her window was clean! Then it dawned on me. I had been criticizing her dirty window, but all the time I was watching her through my own dirty window. That was quite an important lesson for me. How often had I looked at and criticized others through the dirty window of my heart, through my own shortcomings? Since then, whenever I wanted to judge someone, I asked myself first, “Am I looking at him through my own dirty window?” Then I try to clean the window of my own world so that I may see the world more clearly. 1．The writer couldn’t see everything clearly through the window because ________. A．the woman’s window was dirty B．the writer’s window was dirty C．the woman lived nearby D．the writer was near-sighted 2．“it dawned on me” probably means “________”. A．I began to understand it B．It cheered me up C．I knew it grew light D．It began to get dark 3．It’s clear that ________. A．the writer often washed the window B．they lived in a small town C．they both worked as cleaners D．the writer had never met the woman before 4．From the passage, we can learn that ________. A．one shouldn’t criticize others very often B．one should often make his window clean C．one must judge himself before he judges others D．one must look at others through his dirty window 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者老是感觉对方家的窗户脏，看不清对方。然而，有一天擦了自己家的窗户，看清了对方后，发现原来是自己家的窗户没有擦。由此引发作者的人生感悟：不要总是责备别人，要多从自身找原因，擦亮自己心灵的窗户。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“One bright morning I decided to clean my flat, including washing the window on the inside.”（在一个晴朗的上午，我决定打扫我的公寓，包括清洗里面的窗户。）第四段中的“Across the way, the woman sitting by her window was clearly visible. Her window was clean！”（在对面，坐在窗户旁边的女士清晰可见。她家的窗户是干净的。）和第五段中的“I had been criticizing her dirty window, but all the time I was watching her through my own dirty window.”（我一直在批评她那脏兮兮的窗户，但我一直在透过自己那脏兮兮的窗户看着她。）可知，女士家的窗户不脏，因为作者自己家的窗户脏，所以看不清东西。故选B。 2．句意猜测题。根据第五段中的“I had been criticizing her dirty window, but all the time I was watching her through my own dirty window.”（我一直在批评她那脏兮兮的窗户，但我一直在透过自己那脏兮兮的窗户看着她。）和上文可知，作者老是感觉对方家的窗户脏，看不清对方，最后发现原来是自己家的窗户脏，所以看不清东西，画线句指“作者明白了（因为作者自己家的窗户脏，所以看不清东西）”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“There was a woman who lived there, whom I had never met”（有一个女士住在那里，我从未见过她）可知，作者从未见过这个女人，因此D项符合语境。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Since then, whenever I wanted to judge someone, I asked myself first, ‘Am I looking at him through my own dirty window?’”（自从那时起，无论什么时候我去评判别人时，我总是首先问自己，“我是不是透过自己的脏窗户去看他？”）可知，作者认为人们在评判别人前应该先评判一下自己，C项“人们在评判别人前应该先评判一下自己”符合语境。故选C。 Passage 18 Nobody says high school and college are easy. Studying is difficult, as is memorizing information for a test. Fortunately, there are books that can help to make dealing with school easier. Unlimited Memory by Kevin Horsley Do you have trouble remembering everything you are studying? Feel like you have too much on your plate? Unlimited Memory by Kevin Horsley may be for you. It is a bestseller on memory improvement. This book has strategies to help you learn faster while also teaching you to become more productive. Of course, having a good memory comes in handy outside of the classroom as well. Really, this is a great book for life in general. On Course by Skip Downing It is another book you will want to check out. In its eighth edition, the book provides you with self-assessment tools to help you identify what you need to change for academic success. It contains guided journal entries to help you with learning, responsibility, self-management, self-awareness and self-esteem. Students Guide to Writing College Papers by Kate L. Turabian Many students reach college and find that essay writing in college is very different from that in high school. Whether this is the case for you or you just want to improve your writing skills, you’ll want to check out Students Guide to Writing College Papers. It’s available on Kindle or in hardback or paperback forms. Right now, this one is in its fourth edition. The book covers writing your actual paper, citing sources and style. Even English majors can find a lot of helpful tips in this book. How to Become a Straight-A Student by Carl Newport The book will teach you different approaches and strategies to help you score better, but spend less time on studying, with a focus on studying smarter, not harder. It is available on Kindle and in audiobook (有声读物) and paperback forms. 1．What’s special about On Course? A．It is of great help even to English majors. B．It is the most popular one and sells the best. C．It mainly focuses on memory improvement. D．It helps you develop other qualities besides academic abilities. 2．What do Unlimited Memory and How to Become a Straight-A Student have in common? A．They have various forms. B．They are best-sellers. C．They focus on effective learning. D．They have been published many times. 3．What is the purpose of the text? A．To introduce some books to students. B．To encourage students to study harder. C．To make students interested in learning. D．To offer suggestions on writing skills. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了四本有助于学生学习的书籍。 1．细节理解题。根据On Course by Skip Downing部分中“In its eighth edition, the book provides you with self-assessment tools to help you identify what you need to change for academic success. It contains guided journal entries to help you with learning, responsibility, self-management, self-awareness and self-esteem.(在第八版中，这本书为你提供了自我评估工具，帮助你确定你需要改变什么才能取得学业上的成功。它包含指导日志条目，帮助你学习，责任，自我管理，自我意识和自尊)”可知，On Course这本书的特殊之处在于它可以帮助你发展除了学术能力之外的其他素质，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据Unlimited Memory by Kevin Horsley部分中“This book has strategies to help you learn faster while also teaching you to become more productive.(这本书有一些策略可以帮助你更快地学习，同时也教你变得更有效率)”和How to Become a Straight-A Student by Carl Newport部分中“The book will teach you different approaches and strategies to help you score better, but spend less time on studying, with a focus on studying smarter, not harder.(这本书将教你不同的方法和策略来帮助你取得更好的成绩，但花更少的时间在学习上，重点是学习更聪明，而不是更难)”可知，这两本书的共同点是它们都关注有效率地学习，故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章内容，结合第一段中“Fortunately, there are books that can help to make dealing with school easier.(幸运的是，有一些书可以帮助你更容易地应对学校)”可知，文章的目的是介绍一些有助于学生学习的书籍。故选A。 话题3 运动与健康 Passage 19 How exercising changed their life Name: Katelyn Block, 19 The problem: At the end of her junior year of high school, she fell into a serious eating disorder. The change: She was an athlete, but while she was sick, she stopped running. Later, she decided to get back into running. She made the decision to build her body back from the ground up. With a few months of hard work and determination, she graduated from high school with a healthy body. Name: Amalia Biro, 24 The problem: Amalia was a horseback rider with her sight set on the Olympics, until one day she was thrown off a horse, leaving her left knee badly injured. The change: She ran a 5K at the request of her friend. Running lets her clear her head. She found herself starting to turn to running instead of breaking away from her social life. And she was in good shape and felt better than before. Name: Sarah Jane Parker, 28 The problem: She had a lot of fear and anxiety about different things. The fear was taking over her life. The change: She tried indoor rock climbing with her friend’s encouragement. When she finally managed to climb to the top, she fell in love with the sport. Eventually she used the courage she got from climbing to break away from her fear. Name: Kimberly Whittaker, 25 The problem: Two car accidents in one month made Kimberly have joint problems in both knees and pain in her lower back. The change: She joined a gym and worked with a physical trainer three times a week to help her become healthy again. She took spin classes (动感单车) the most often because she felt like she was able to focus her energy just on riding. 1．What was the problem that Katelyn was facing? A．She got a fever. B．She was anxious. C．She couldn’t eat normally. D．She hurt her knees. 2．What do Amalia and Sarah have in common? A．They had the same dream. B．They attended the Olympics. C．They didn’t trust themselves. D．They should thank their friends. 3．How did Kimberly become healthy again? A．By changing her diet. B．By seeing a doctor. C．By joining a gym. D．By studying hard. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四名通过锻炼改变生活、恢复健康的年轻人的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据Katelyn一栏The problem部分“At the end of her junior year of high school, she fell into a serious eating disorder. (高中三年级快结束时，她患上了严重的饮食失调症)”可知，Katelyn面临的问题是无法正常饮食。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据Amalia一栏The change部分“She ran a 5K at the request of her friend. (她应朋友的要求跑了5公里)”和Sarah一栏The change部分“She tried indoor rock climbing with her friend’s encouragement. (在朋友的鼓励下，她尝试了室内攀岩)”可知，Amalia和Sarah都是在朋友的帮助下开始锻炼的。由此可知，两人的共同之处在于都应该感谢朋友。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据Kimberly一栏The change部分“She joined a gym and worked with a physical trainer three times a week to help her become healthy again. (她加入了一家健身房，每周和一位体育教练一起训练三次，以帮助她恢复健康)”可知，Kimberly通过加入健身房锻炼恢复了健康。故选C项。 Passage 20 （23-24高一上·山西吕梁·阶段练习）Spending time outdoors has long been linked (联系) to better health. Gardening goes beyond just beautifying outdoor spaces—it can have a deep effect on our physical and mental (身心上的) health. Gardening involves physical activity that works all the main muscle (肌肉) groups, which is helpful for overall health. “Activities such as digging, planting, weeding and harvesting require movement and can help to improve strength,” said Clayton, CEO of an online lawn care company. “Performing these activities regularly can help burn calories, and keep a healthy weight.” Beyond burning calories and building muscle, lots of studies have shown that gardening can improve the immune system (免疫系统). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that people get at least 150 minutes of exercise each week, and gardening is listed as a suitable activity. Doing garden work for that time each week can reduce the risk of obesity, high blood pressure and heart disease. Additionally, spending time outdoors makes us get close to natural sunlight, which is important for vitamin D synth. Gardening provides a chance for social connection, too. It can be a shared activity among family members, friends or neighbors, building relationships and a sense of belonging. Gardening also offers cognitive (认知的) benefits. It excites the senses, improves focus and encourages problem-solving and creativity. It provides a chance to learn about plants, ecosystems and the environment, developing a deeper understanding and appreciation for nature. 1．What is Clayton’s attitude towards gardening? A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear D．Uncaring. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about gardening? A．It improves focus. B．It is a waste of time. C．It can keep a body in shape. D．It helps to reduce the risk of diseases. 3．How does gardening affect social connection according to the text? A．It contributes to creativity. B．It encourages problem-solving. C．It builds relationships between people. D．It improves people’s awareness of safety. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．How to Start a Garden B．Choose a Garden or Not C．What Plants Grow Best in a Garden D．Start Gardening and Get the Health Benefits 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述园艺活动有利于身体健康并分析了原因。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段““Activities such as digging, planting, weeding and harvesting require movement and can help to improve strength,” said Clayton, CEO of an online lawn care company. “Performing these activities regularly can help burn calories, and keep a healthy weight.”(“像挖土，种植和收割这样的活动需要运动并能帮助我们改善体力” Clayton，一家网上草坪护理公司的CEO说，“经常进行这些活动可以帮助燃烧卡路里，保持一个健康的体重”)”可知，Clayton对园艺活动持支持的态度。故选A。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句“Beyond burning calories and building muscle, lots of studies have shown that gardening can improve the immune system(除了燃烧卡路里和锻炼肌肉，很多研究表明园艺看改善免疫系统)”以及第三句“Doing garden work for that time each week can reduce the risk of obesity, high blood pressure and heart disease.(每周做150分钟的园艺工作能够减少患肥胖，高血压以及心脏病的风险)”可知，本段主要讲园艺活动有助于降低患病的风险。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Gardening provides a chance for social connection, too. It can be a shared activity among family members, friends or neighbors, building relationships and a sense of belonging.(园艺也为社会联系提供了机会。它可以是家庭成员，朋友或邻居之间的共同活动，从而建立关系和归属感)”可知，园艺活动对社交的影响是它可以建立人们间的关系。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Spending time outdoors has long been linked (联系) to better health.Gardening goes beyond just beautifying outdoor spaces—it can have a deep effect on our physical and mental (身心上的) health.(长期以来，人们一直认为户外活动有利于身体健康。园艺不仅仅是美化室外空间——它还对我们的身心健康产生很深的影响)”可知，文章主要讲述进行园艺活动有利于身心健康，所以文章的标题“开始园艺，并获得健康的好处”。故选D。 Passage 21 （22-23高一下·广东揭阳·期中）After bikes and umbrellas are made sharable across China, some companies started to focus on the fitness market, so shared gym rooms have hit the streets in Beijing. Unlike common gyms that provide large, open spaces for many members to share at the same time, the newly built shared gym rooms are small, separate rooms for only a person to use at a time, often set up near living communities. Every four-square-meter room provides a treadmill (跑步机), an air cleaner, a mirror, a television and an air conditioner, and users can let down the curtains (窗帘) for privacy. When exercising, users can listen to music, watch movies and check emails by connecting to the Internet by the screen fixed on the treadmill. But there’s no shower. Similar to using a shared bike, users can locate a shared gym room by a smartphone app, book a room in advance and then need to scan a QR code for use. A refundable deposit (保证金) of 99 yuan is required, and users are charged 1 yuan every 5 minutes. The shared gym rooms are created by Misspao, a Beijing-based technology company founded in July. Within several months since it was founded, the company has already raised over 100 million yuan. However, the idea of the shared fitness experience is not totally nascent. Last December, the company VRUN set up shared treadmills in office and apartment buildings. The sharing economy is still becoming popular in China. According to Yicai Global, confident people are pouring millions into sharing start-ups. In March, the State Information Center published a report which predicts that the total value of China’s sharing economy will see a yearly growth of 40% in the coming years, and it is expected to make a great contribution to the country’s GDP. 1．What makes the shared gym room different from the common one? A．Holding one person at a time. B．Standing in the living communities. C．Offering open spaces. D．Having all advanced equipment. 2．What do people need to do to use the shared gym room? A．Pay 100 yuan first. B．Let down curtains for privacy. C．Take a shower before exercise. D．Book a room ahead of time. 3．What does the underlined word “nascent” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Simple. B．Popular. C．Satisfying. D．New. 4．What is the author’s purpose of writing the text? A．To advertise a technology company. B．To introduce shared gym rooms. C．To support the shared gym rooms. D．To predict the future of shared gym rooms. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是北京出现的共享健身房的特点、使用方法等信息。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“Unlike common gyms that provide large, open spaces for many members to share at the same time, the newly built shared gym rooms are small, separate rooms for only a person to use at a time, often set up near living communities.(普通健身房为许多会员同时提供大而开放的空间，而新建的共享健身房是小型的、独立的房间，每次只能供一个人使用，通常建在生活区附近)”可知，共享健身房不同于普通健身房的地方是共享健身房每次只能供一个人使用。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“Similar to using a shared bike, users can locate a shared gym room by a smartphone app, book a room in advance and then need to scan a QR code for use.(与使用共享单车类似，用户可以通过智能手机应用程序找到共享健身房，提前预订房间，然后扫描二维码使用)”可知，人们需要提前预定房间才能使用共享健身房。故选D项。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线单词后面的句子“Last December, the company VRUN set up shared treadmills in office and apartment buildings.(去年12月，VRUN公司在办公楼和公寓楼里设置了共享跑步机)”可知，共享健身体验的概念并不完全是新生事物。由此可知，划线单词nascent的意义为“新兴的，初期的”，与D项中的new意义一致。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“After bikes and umbrellas  are made sharable across China, some companies started to focus on the  fitness market, so shared gym rooms have hit the streets in Beijing.(在自行车和雨伞在中国变得可共享之后，一些公司开始关注健身市场，所以共享健身房在北京的街道上出现了)”及下文内容可知，本文主要介绍的是北京出现的共享健身房的特点、使用方法等信息。由此推知，作者写本文的目的是介绍共享健身房。故选B项。 Passage 22 （17-18高二下·湖北黄冈·期末）Teen Fitness Our Teen Fitness program will be available from July 4 to September 3 for youth aged 12 to 17 at all GoodLife Fitness clubs from coast to coast, across Canada. Participating teens will have full club access with the following exceptions: pool, Hot Yoga Studio, Tennis Court and Tanning Salon (日光浴沙龙). We’ve all heard the news: Overweight teenagers are tipping the balance at an alarming rate. According to the Canada Health Measure Survey (2017): ★ Over 26% of children and youth are overweight. ★ 60% of Canadian youth do not get the required daily physical activity for their growth and development. ★ 93% of children and youth are not meeting Canada’s physical activity guidelines. Instead of a Teen Fitness membership card, this year our teens will have a regular membership card presented to them. “At GoodLife, we are devoted to helping all Canadians become fit and healthy and we know the importance of starting healthy habits at a young age,” said David Patchell-Evans, GoodLife founder and CEO. Pre-registration for 2018 will be available in June. General Teen Information: ★ Free teen membership for ages 12 - 17 only. ★ Membership term: July 4-September 3; all teen memberships come to an end by September 3, 2018. ★ Parents or legal guardians must register for a Teen Member and provide proof of age. ★ Membership includes access to most club areas at all locations: 7 days a week from 8 am-4 pm with last check-in at 3:00 pm. ★ The teens will receive their membership key tags (标签) upon completion of registration at the club. ★ Maximum workout time for Teen Members is 2 hours per day. 1．What does the survey in Canada show? A．Teens’ state of health is worrying. B．Most teens can’t balance study and play. C．50% of teens benefit from GoodLife Fitness. D．Schools pay much attention to teens’ fitness. 2．What can Teen Members enjoy in the program? A．Light exercise at night on weekends. B．Three-month free membership. C．Free access to the Tennis Court. D．At most two hours’ daily exercise. 3．A participating teen is required to ________. A．arrive no later than 3:00 pm B．buy a key tag after registration C．be accompanied by his parents D．make the registration by himself 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 【分析】本文属于应用文。本文是Teen Fitness健身俱乐部的一份宣传单，该俱乐部旨在帮助加拿大12-17岁的青少年变得更健康，提供为期两个月的会员免费活动。 1．推理判断题。根据According to the Canada Health Measure Survey (2017)下面的★Over 26% of children and youth are overweight. ★60% of Canadian youth do not get the required daily physical activity for their growth and development. ★93% of children and youth are not meeting Canada’s physical activity guidelines.可知，超过26%的加拿大青少年超重，93%的加拿大青少年的运动量不达标，所以可以推断出，加拿大青少年健康状况令人堪忧，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章末尾Maximum workout time for Teen Members is 2 hours per day.可知，青少年会员每天最多两小时的训练量，故D切题。由文章可知，该俱乐部提供免费青少年会员资格是7月4日到9月3日，为期两个月，同时网球不在免费的项目里面。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据文中Membership includes access to most club areas at all locations: 7 days a week from 8 am-4 pm with last check-in at 3:00 pm.可知，会员可以在所有地点使用大部分俱乐部区域，每天上午八点到下午四点，下午三点之后不再进入，这是俱乐部的规定，必须遵守，故选A。 Passage 23 The Bridport Prize （24-25高二下·山东青岛·期中）The Bridport Prize is one of the most famous awards in the literary world. Whether you’re writing a poem, a short story, a flash fiction, a novel or a memoir, we can’t wait to read your words. We are committed to discovering and championing new writers. It’s every writer’s dream to see their words in print. We are a step on the road to making that happen. From our highly respected judges to our experienced partners, we do whatever we can to make your voice heard.Prizes ·Young Writer Award (£500) For the highest-placed writer aged 16 to 25 in poetry, short story, flash fiction and novel.·Never Too Late Award (£500) This award is given to the highest-placed writer aged 60+ in poetry, short story, novel and flash fiction. The winning piece will be featured in our anthology (选集), which is considered published and can open doors to literary agents and publishers. It also enables entry into other competitions not available to the public.·Dorset Award (£100) Sponsored by The Bookshop, Bridport, it is given to the highest-placed Dorset writer in poetry, short story, flash fiction and novel. Genre First prize Requirement Poetry £500 Up to 42 lines Short story £500 5,000 words or less Flash Fiction £1,000 250 words or less Novel £1,500 plus package 8,000 to 10,000 words and a synopsis (提要) Memoir £1,500 plus package 5,000 to 8,000 words plus a 300-word overview Notes *Entries must be completed independently by the writer. *Work must not be produced or edited by ChatGPT or any other AI creation tool. *Deadline: May 31,2025 1．What do we know about the Bridport Prize? A．It provides a platform for new writers. B．It is a literary award for children's books. C．It is the highest award in the literary world. D．It encourages older individuals to write memoirs. 2．Who may get a special prize? A．A poet writing a 50-line poem. B．An author of a 5,000-word novel. C．A 60-year-old Dorset writer ranked second. D．A top-ranked 22-year-old short-story writer. 3．What is one of the entry requirements? A．Being co-authored. B．Being perfected by AI. C．Being entirely original. D．Being finalized by June 31. 2025. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了布里德波特奖的参赛要求、奖项设置和注意事项等相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“We are committed to discovering and championing new writers.(我们致力于发掘并支持新锐作家)” 以及第二段中“It’s every writer’s dream to see their words in print. We are a step on the road to making that happen.(每位作家都梦想着看到自己的作品出版。我们在实现这一梦想的道路上迈出了一步 )” 可知，布里德波特奖致力于发现和支持新作家，为他们提供一个让作品得以发表的平台。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据Young Writer Award (£500)部分“For the highest-placed writer aged 16 to 25 in poetry, short story, flash fiction and novel.(对于在诗歌、短篇小说、微型小说和小说领域中，年龄在16岁至25岁且排名最高的作家)”可知，16至25岁在诗歌、短篇小说、微型小说和小说方面排名最高的作家可获得该奖项，所以一个排名第一的22岁短篇小说作家（a top-ranked 22-year-old short-story writer）可以获得该奖项。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据Notes部分中“Entries must be completed independently by the writer. Work must not be produced or edited by ChatGPT or any other Al creation tool.(参赛作品必须由作者独立完成。作品不得由ChatGPT或任何其他人工智能创作工具制作或编辑)”可知，参赛作品必须完全原创。故选C。 Passage 24 （21-22高一下·山东聊城·期末）There are some great winter sports that are just waiting to be explored. Some or more extreme than others, but still definitely worth a try... Ice Skating Invented more than 4000 years ago by the Finnish, it remains loved by so many all over the world. People of all ages can take advantage of this fun sport, as it is a great way to be outdoors and get a bit of exercise. Experts say that the more you practice, the belter your balance, co-coordination, and flexibility will become. So put on a pair of skates and get moving on the rink. Snowcross Snowcross is a sport suitable for people who are a bit more adventurous. Over the last several years, snowcross has increased in popularity and is one of the most sought-after forms of snowmobile races and a really trendy winter sport. Snowcross is popular in the USA, Canada, Sweden, and Finland. Sound fun? Why not give it a try? Ice Hockey Ice hockey is not just one of the most popular winter Olympic sports but has also recently become a common international sport. Ice hockey is fast passed and full of energy that also involved numerous intricate (复杂精细的) tricks and movements. It doesn’t only have a competitive side, it also is super fun! Snowboarding Snowboarding is another really fun snow sport that is definitely worth trying this winter. It’s not the same as skiing, the main difference between snowboarding and skiing is that snowboarding does not use poles and most people use softer boots for flexibility. Snowboarding has only recently been added to the winter Olympics. There are hundreds of different resorts around the world that allow you to experience this popular sport. 1．What can we know about Snowcross? A．It needs more practice. B．It suits those willing to take risks. C．It covers numbers of tricks and movements. D．It is popular only in Europe. 2．Of the following sports, which is new in the winter Olympics? A．Ice Skating. B．Snowcross. C．Ice Hockey. D．Snowboarding. 3．What do the listed sports have in common? A．They have a long history. B．They appeal to people of all ages. C．They are full of fun. D．They are more extreme than any other sport. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍四个滑雪项目。 1．细节理解题。根据Snowcross部分“Snowcross is a sport suitable for people who are a bit more adventurous. (雪橇是一项适合有点冒险精神的人的运动。)”可知，雪橇适合喜欢冒险的人参加。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据Snowboarding部分“Snowboarding has only recently been added to the winter Olympics.(Snowboarding最近才被加入冬季奥运会。)”可知，单板滑雪最近才加入冬季奥运会。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据Ice Skating部分“People of all ages can take advantage of this fun sport, as it is a great way to be outdoors and get a bit of exercise. (各个年龄段的人都可以利用这项有趣的运动，因为这是一种户外运动的好方式，可以锻炼身体。)”和Snowcross部分“Over the last several years, snowcross has increased in popularity and is one of the most sought-after forms of snowmobile races and a really trendy winter sport. Snowcross is popular in the USA, Canada, Sweden, and Finland. Sound fun? (在过去几年中，雪橇越来越受欢迎，是最受欢迎的摩托雪橇比赛形式之一，也是一项真正时髦的冬季运动。雪橇在美国、加拿大、瑞典和芬兰很受欢迎。听起来是不是很有趣？)”,Ice Hockey部分“It doesn’t only have a competitive side, it also is super fun!(它不仅有竞争的一面，而且非常有趣！)”以及Snowboarding部分“Snowboarding is another really fun snow sport that is definitely worth trying this winter.(单板滑雪是另一项非常有趣的滑雪运动，今年冬天绝对值得一试。)”可推知，这几项运动的共同点是都充满乐趣。故选C。 Passage 25 （24-25高一上·陕西西安·阶段练习）A recent study found that older women who exercise more have a lower chance of getting dementia (痴呆). Women aged 65 or older who did an extra 31 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous (中度到重度) physical activities each day had a 21 percent lower risk of developing dementia. Also, taking an extra 1,865 steps each day was linked to a 33 percent lower risk. Andrea LaCroix, a professor at UC San Diego, explained why early action is important. “Dementia starts 20 years or more before symptoms appear, so it’s important to start early to delay or prevent dementia,” she said. She also noted that physical activities are one of the best ways to lower the risk of dementia. “Prevention is key because once dementia is for sure, it is very hard to slow or recover. There is no way to treat it,” LaCroix added. The study included 1,277 women from two Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) studies. These women wore special devices called accelerometers (加速度计) for up to seven days to measure their physical activities and sitting time accurately (精确地). On average, the women took 3,216 steps, spent 276 minutes doing light physical activities, 45.5 minutes doing moderate-to-vigorous physical activities, and sat for 10.5 hours each day. Light activities included housework, gardening, or walking, while moderate-to-vigorous activities included fast walking. The study also found that sitting for long periods did not increase the risk of dementia. This information is important for doctors and public health because it shows how much and what type of physical activities can lower the risk of dementia. The authors suggested that more research is needed with larger and more diverse groups, including men. 1．What is the goal of the study? A．To find a way to treat dementia. B．To examine the effects of medication on dementia. C．To determine the relationship between diet and dementia risk. D．To figure out the influence of physical activities on dementia risk. 2．What is the function of accelerometers? A．To get accurate location of the women. B．To track the women’s workout and sitting. C．To help the women accelerate their movement. D．To encourage more women to do physical activities. 3．Which of the following may lower the risk of dementia? A．Singing songs. B．Long sitting. C．Fast walking. D．Watching videos. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Physical activities may cut dementia risk B．It is very difficult to slow down dementia C．Early treatment for dementia is necessary D．Exercising does good to the health of the aged 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，增加身体活动可以降低老年女性患痴呆症的风险，以及这项研究的细节和重要性。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“A recent study found that older women who exercise more have a lower chance of getting dementia (痴呆). Women aged 65 or older who did an extra 31 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous (中度到重度) physical activities each day had a 21 percent lower risk of developing dementia. Also, taking an extra 1,865 steps each day was linked to a 33 percent lower risk. (最近的一项研究发现，经常锻炼的老年妇女患痴呆症的几率较低。65岁以上的女性如果每天多做31分钟中等到高强度的运动，患痴呆症的风险会降低21%。此外，每天多走1865步，患病风险就会降低33%)”可知，该研究的结果表明老年女性通过增加运动量可以降低患痴呆症的风险，揭示的是体育活动与痴呆症风险的关系。由此可知，研究的目的是探究体育活动对痴呆症风险的影响。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“These women wore special devices called accelerometers (加速度计) for up to seven days to measure their physical activities and sitting time accurately (精确地). (这些女性在长达7天的时间里佩戴一种名为加速度计的特殊设备，以准确测量她们的身体活动和坐着的时间)”可知，加速度计的功能是追踪女性的运动和静坐情况。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Women aged 65 or older who did an extra 31 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous (中度到重度) physical activities each day had a 21 percent lower risk of developing dementia. (65岁以上的女性如果每天多做31分钟中等到高强度的运动，患痴呆症的风险会降低21%)”和第三段中“Light activities included housework, gardening, or walking, while moderate-to-vigorous activities included fast walking. (轻度活动包括家务、园艺或散步，而中等到高强度的活动包括快走)”可知，快走属于中等到高强度的体育活动，可以降低痴呆症的风险。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“A recent study found that older women who exercise more have a lower chance of getting dementia (痴呆). (最近的一项研究发现，经常锻炼的老年妇女患痴呆症的几率较低)”以及文章最后一段“...it shows how much and what type of physical activities can lower the risk of dementia.(…它说明了多少以及什么类型的身体活动可以降低痴呆风险)”可知，文章围绕一项探究体育活动与痴呆症风险之间关系的研究展开，该研究表明增加体育活动可以显著降低痴呆症风险。因此，A项“体育活动可以降低患痴呆症的风险”最契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 Passage 26 （23-24高一下·江西宜春·阶段练习）Physical education, or gym class, isn’t required for all high school students. In some schools, it isn’t offered for some different reasons. But should high school students have physical education? The answer is certainly “yes”. Today many people don’t do sports. But as is known to all, doing sports is very important for an adult. Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult. High school isn’t that easy. Many students are under a lot of stress. Stress can be harmful to a student’s studies and life. Doing sports can help them deal with stress better, helping them live a happier life at school. The American Heart Association says that 10 million kids and teens suffer from obesity (肥胖症). Teens should get 60 minutes of physical activity per day to control their weight and to help their bones get stronger. The increase in activities that don’t get teens to move around, such as video games and computer activities, means many teens don’t get their required exercise. Physical education classes act as a public health measure to encourage activity and help teens have healthy weights. Inactivity increases teens’ risk of developing many diseases. An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems. As much as 75 percent of health-care spending goes toward treating medical conditions that can be hindered by lifestyle changes, according to the American College of Sports Medicine. According to the President’s Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition (PCFSN), students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic (学业的) performance. Students from programs with no physical activity, who used the extra time for classroom study, did not perform better on tests than those who gave up some study time in support of physical education. 1．According to Paragraph 2, what does physical education in high school mean? A．Helping teens learn to make good plans. B．Removing the stress faced by teens at school. C．Making teens think much of exercise later. D．Getting teens to encourage adults to exercise. 2．What does the underlined word “hindered” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Measured. B．Prevented. C．Shown. D．Caused. 3．According to the PCFSN, doing sports______. A．means making students choose between sports and studies B．helps students make good use of all their time C．means students adjust to their studies better D．helps students do better in their studies 4．What is the text mainly about? A．How high school students can live a better life. B．How schools can help students love doing sports. C．Why some schools consider physical education important. D．Why high school students should receive physical education. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍高中生为什么应该接受体育教育。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But as is known to all, doing sports is very important for an adult. Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult.(但众所周知，做运动对成年人来说是非常重要的。教育青少年健康生活方式的重要性，制定健身计划，可以帮助青少年在成年后把锻炼放在首位)”可知，高中体育课可以帮助青少年重视以后的锻炼。故选C项。 2．词义猜测题。根据划线词前“An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems. As much as 75 percent of health-care spending goes toward treating medical conditions that can be(积极的生活方式是避免这些健康问题的好方法。高达75%的医疗保健支出用于治疗疾病)”及空后“by lifestyle changes(通过生活方式的改变)”可知，积极的生活方式可以避免一些健康问题，故改变生活方式可以阻止疾病，故划线词hindered和B项prevented(阻止)词义相近。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“According to the President’s Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition (PCFSN), students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic performance.(根据总统健身、运动和营养委员会(PCFSN)的数据，每周进行五小时体育活动的学生提高了他们的学习成绩)”可知，做运动意味着帮助学生在学习上做得更好。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。结合全文及文章第一段“Physical education, or gym class, isn’t required for all high school students. In some schools, it isn’t offered for some different reasons. But should high school students have physical education? The answer is certainly “yes”.(并非所有高中生都需要体育课。在一些学校，由于一些不同的原因，它没有被提供。但是高中生应该接受体育教育吗？答案当然是肯定的)”可知，这篇文章主要讲了为什么高中生应该接受体育教育。故选D项。 Passage $ 专题02 阅读理解常考话题 话题1 生活与学习 Passage 1-8 话题2 做人与做事 Passage 9-17 话题3 运动与健康 Passage 18-27 话题1 生活与学习 Passage 1 （2024上·江西上饶高一校联考期末） What do you usually do on the Internet? Mike, a student I’m always busy from Monday to Friday. I only use the Internet on weekends. I often play computer games and chat with my friends online. Linda, an office lady I love shopping on the Internet. It’s fast. I can sit in front of the computer for hours. I shop every day. I can always find cheap but good things online. Sometimes, I watch films or listen to music. Mr. Green, a manager I can’t work without the Internet. I need it to send and receive emails. I write at least twenty emails every day. When I am free, I also love to read news online. Mrs. Brown, a housewife I like cooking. I write blogs about my cooking and upload the photos of my dishes every day. I love reading people’s replies. And I’m happy that they love my dishes. 1．How often may Mike play computer games? A．Every day. B．Once or twice a week. C．Three times a week. D．Twice a month. 2．What does Mrs. Brown upload every day? A．The photos of her games. B．The photos of her friends. C．The photos of her parties. D．The photos of her dishes. 3．Which of the following is TRUE (正确的)? A．Mike sends and receives emails every day. B．Linda always sells clothes on the Internet. C．Many people love Mrs. Brown’s blogs. D．Mr. Green plays computer games every day. Passage 2 （2023上·贵州黔东南高一统考期末）What a day! I started at my new school this morning and had the best time. I made lots of new friends and really liked my teachers. I was nervous the night before, but I had no reason to be. Everyone was so friendly and polite. They made me feel at ease. It was like I’d been at the school for a hundred years! The day started very early at 7: 00 am. I had my breakfast downstairs with my mom. She could tell that I was very nervous. Mom kept asking me what was wrong. She told me I had nothing to worry about and that everyone was going to love me. If they didn’t love me, mom said to send them her way for a good talking to. I couldn’t stop laughing. My mom dropped me off at the school gates about five minutes before the bell. A little blonde girl got dropped off at the same time and started waving at me. She ran over and told me her name was Abigail and we rushed to the classroom together. She was very nice and we became close straight away. We spent all morning together and began to talk to another girl called Stacey. The three of us sat together in class all day and we even made our way home together! It went so quickly. Our teacher told us that tomorrow we would really start learning and developing new skills. I cannot wait until tomorrow and feel as though I am really going to enjoy my time at my new school. I hope that my new friends feel the same way too. 1．How did the author feel after meeting her teachers and classmates at new school? A．Relaxed. B．Frightened. C．Anxious. D．Excited. 2．What did the author’s mother do after seeing the author's nervousness? A．Left the author alone. B．Calmed the author down. C．Played a joke on the author. D．Kept asking the author to eat breakfast. 3．What happened on the author’s first day of school according to paragraph 3? A．She was late for school. B．She learned some new skills. C．She arrived at school in time. D．She spent all morning developing new skills. 4．What can we infer about Abigail? A．She was outgoing. B．She ran very quickly. C．She worked hard at her lessons. D．She was an old friend of Stacey. Passage 3 （2022下·云南高二统考阶段练习）My 12-year-old son and I ride bikes to and from his school every day. I accompany him on the 20-minute ride through Manhattan, drop him off and pick him up. We always ride together; sometimes he leads; sometimes I do. And as we ride, we communicate the ways to reduce the dangers: Don’t go too fast, and watch out for doors suddenly swinging out from parked cars and jaywalking pedestrians, etc. I’m not sure there is a better way to let my son know how to deal with traffic dangers. But recently he requested me to start hanging back a half block or so. This way he could enjoy the feeling of riding on his own, with the security of knowing that I was nearby in case he needed me. This is healthy, of course, as my son needs space to develop independence in preparation for his inevitable leaving from home. However, that means soon he will want to ride to school on his own, and I will no longer have this wonderful routine. “Let your children go if you want to keep them.” It’s one of the most troubling experiences of parenthood-recognizing that your presence is becoming less welcome. My dilemma (困境) as a husband mirrors the concern I feel as a parent. My wife has just left on a six-month work in Libyan, where there is a war ongoing. In the days of her leaving, we spoke openly about the possibility, however unlikely, that she might be killed. But I have no choice but to let her make her decision. After all, it was her decision. I know that letting go is a wise path in this case too. As we travel through life’s stages, we must let goof so much. And I don’t think it gets easier with practice. But maybe just accepting that eventually we will have to let go is the secret to living a full life. 1．The writer keeps his son company on his daily ride to school to _________. A．build up his strength B．teach his son to ride in traffic C．tell his son the way to school D．communicate more with his son 2．The underlined word “inevitable” in the second paragraph can be replaced by _________. A．unavoidable B．reasonable C．terrible D．reliable 3．Why does the author feel concerned about his wife’s leaving? A．Because he would lose a helper in taking care of his son. B．Because he is too selfish to let her go. C．Because he is afraid that she would be in danger abroad. D．Because he thinks she make a unwise decision. 4．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Letting go is necessary in life. B．How to live a full life. C．Father love is great. D．Practice makes perfect. Passage 4 （2023上·广东东莞高一东莞市东华高级中学校联考阶段练习）There is an old saying in Chinese: “To do a good job, one must first sharpen one’s tools.” When it comes to photography, however, it’s not exactly the case. In this year’s National Geographic Travel Photo Contest, Greenlandic Winter, a picture by Chinese photographer Chu Weimin, took first place in the cities category and won the overall grand prize as well. When asked why he chose Upernavik, a small fishing village in Greenland, to take his pictures, Chu described the first time he spotted the village from an airplane. “Through my entire flight, I could only see the land, covered by pure white ice and snow. But I suddenly saw a big, warm dot in the far distance — Upernavik,” he told National Geographic. “The beauty of this tranquil (宁静的) village was beyond my imagination. It was a ‘wow’ moment for me.” This ability to discover a “wow moment” is what makes a good travel photographer. According to Chu, he was moved by Upernavik’s blue tint at dusk, the warm yellow light from the windows, and the family of three walking along the snowy street. Although he is a professional photographer, many of Chu’s Greenland pictures were shot with his phone. This attitude is similar to the one held by Austrian-American photographer Ernest Haas (1921-1986). Haas told his students that they were so focused on cameras that they couldn’t understand the true meaning of photography. “The camera doesn’t make a bit of difference,” Haas said. “All of them can record what you are seeing. But you have to SEE.” Perhaps it’s not just in photography that we’ve put too much emphasis on the role of tools. How many of you are reluctant to start a new sport or learn new software simply because you don’t yet have the “right” outfit (装备) or computer? It’s true that “sharpened” tools make the work easier, hut as reporter Abhilash Pavuluri wrote on Firstpost: “In the end, it’s really the artist that makes a good painting, not the paintbrush.” 1．What do we know about Chu Weimin? A．He is better at photographing people than scenery. B．His award-winning picture is set in a peaceful village. C．His shooting style stands out from other photographers. D．He is the first Chinese person to win the National Geographic Photo Contest. 2．What’s the main purpose of Paragraph 3? A．To explain why Chu’s picture stands out. B．To introduce Chu’s love for Upernavik. C．To recommend a good place for taking photos. D．To explain what inspired the winning picture. 3．What makes a good photographer? A．The ability to find beauty. B．Love for photography. C．Having sharpened tools. D．Owning the best camera equipment. 4．Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “reluctant” in paragraph 5? A．Glad. B．Unwilling. C．Confident. D．Supposed. Passage 5 （2023上·广东广州高一广州市第八十九中学校考期中）This was the first real task I received in my new school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and find information about a man named George Washington. As I searched the name, I found that there were two famous people having the same name who looked completely different! One invented hundreds of uses for peanuts, while the other led some sort of army across America. I stared at the screen, wondering which one my teacher meant. I called my grandfather for a golden piece of advice; let the coin decide. I threw a coin and Ah! Tails (背面)! My report would be about the great man who invented peanut butter, George Washington Carver. Weeks later, I stood in front of the classroom and proudly read my homework. But things started to get strange. I looked around the room, only to find my classmates with big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes and my stone-faced teacher. I was completely lost. “What could be causing everyone to act this way?” Oh well, I dropped the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I had done wrong. As a classmate began his report, it all became clear, “My report is on George Washington, the man who started the American War of Independence.” The whole world became quiet! How could I know that my teacher meant that George Washington? Of course, my subject result was awful. Sad but fearless, I decided to turn this around. I talked to the headmaster Miss Lancelot, but she said firmly: No re-dos; no new score. I felt that it was not fair, and I believed I deserved a second chance. So I put myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later, I sat in the headmaster’s office again, but this time a completely different conversation. I smiled and flashed back to the terrible moment at the beginning of the year as the headmaster told me I was good enough to skip the 6th grade and started the 7th grade next term. 1．Why did people in the class act strangely? A．Because I was too proud of my homework. B．Because I mistook what the homework was about. C．Because the whole world suddenly became quiet. D．Because the teacher’s face turned to a stone. 2．We can infer from the passage that ________. A．the headmaster didn’t like the writer at all B．the writer’s classmates felt sad at his mistake C．the writer knew little about American history D．the writer’s grandpa was a very wise man 3．Which of the following proverbs can best describe the main idea of this story? A．Seeing is believing. B．Where there is a will, there is a way. C．One is never too old to learn. D．A friend in need is a friend indeed. Passage 6 In many countries, schools have long summer holidays, with shorter holidays in between. However, a new report suggests shortening school holidays to stop children forgetting what they have learnt during the long summer break. Instead of three school terms, it says, there should be five eight-week terms. And there should be just four weeks off in the summer, with a two-week break between the other terms. Sonia Montero has two children at primary school and works full-time. She supports the idea. “The kids,” she says, “have much longer holidays than me and I can’t afford to take several weeks off work, so I need someone to take care of them. But nobody wants the work in the summer months — they all have holidays of their own.” Not surprisingly, some young people disagree. Student Jason Panos says “It’s a stupid idea. I would hate staying at school in the summer. It’s unfair, too. The people who suggest this had long school holidays when they were young, but now they want to stop us enjoying the summer. The kids in Spain and America have much longer holidays than here, but they don’t forget everything they’ve learnt in a few months.” Nadia Salib agrees. “Sure,” she says, “the first week at school after the summer is never easy, but you soon get back into it. The real problem round here is that kids get bored after so many weeks out of school, and then some of them start causing trouble. But the answer is to give them something to do, not make everyone stay in school longer.” 1．Why is Sonia in support of shorter school holidays? A．She doesn’t get any summer holidays in her job. B．She is worried that her children will forget what they’ve learnt. C．She can’t afford to pay someone to look after her children. D．She can’t get anyone to look after her children in summer. 2．What does Jason say about long summer holidays? A．They can help children forget about school. B．Schools in other countries don’t have them. C．These days many older people have them too. D．They have little influence on children’s education. 3．What does Nadia say about young people on summer holidays? A．They would like to spend more time at school. B．Long holidays are very bad for their education. C．They need something to do to enrich themselves. D．Long holidays should be shortened to stop them causing trouble. 4．Which of the following statements best explains the text? A．It has been decided that summer holidays should be shortened. B．Students are angry that school holidays have been changed. C．Some people want to change school holidays but not everyone agrees. D．Teenagers are worried that they will be busy during summer holidays. Passage 7 （2022上·江苏常州高一江苏省常州高级中学校考阶段练习）What kind of people can become scientists? When a group of researchers posed that question to ninth-and 10th-graders, almost every student gave such responses as “People who work hard” or “Anyone who seems interested in the field of science.” Many of these same students struggled to imagine themselves as scientists, citing concerns such as “I’m not good at science” and “Even if I work hard, I will not do well.” It’s easy for them to see a scientist’s work as arising from an inborn talent. But for high school students, learning more about some struggles of scientists can help students feel more motivated to learn science. Researchers at Teachers College, Columbia University and the University of Washington designed an intervention to change students’ beliefs that scientific achievement depends on ability rather than effort by exposing students to stories of how accomplished scientists struggled and overcame challenges in their scientific efforts. During the study, the students read one of three types of stories about Albert Einstein, Marie Curie and Michael Faraday. Intellectual(智力的)struggle stories: stories about how scientists “struggled intellectually,” such as making mistakes while addressing a scientific problem and learning from them. Life struggle stories: stories about how scientists struggled in their personal lives, such as not giving up in the face of poverty or lack of family support. Achievement stories: stories about how scientists made great discoveries, without any discussion of coexisting challenges. Researchers found that students who heard either type of “struggle stories” improved their science performance after-intervention, compared to students in the control group. The effect was especially pronounced for lower performing students, for whom exposure to struggling stories led to significantly better science-class performance than low-performing students who read achievement stories. In addition, students who read struggle stories reported feeling more personally connected to the scientists. By recognizing a scientist’s struggles and introducing the growth mindset he or she applied to accomplish great works, the students were able to empathize(共情)with the scientists during their own struggles. 1．Why do students fail to imagine themselves as scientists? A．They lack interest in science. B．They are short of confidence C．They don’t have inborn talent. D．They have no ability to study science 2．What’s the purpose of the intervention? A．To introduce some inspirational stories to students. B．To expose students to scientists’ great achievements. C．To ensure students will become scientists in the future. D．To clear students’ misunderstandings of scientific work. 3．The underlined word “pronounced” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to________. A．minimal B．noticeable C．doubtful D．long-lasting 4．What can we learn from the research? A．Science ability has nothing to do with efforts. B．Students are more motivated by achievement stories. C．Scientists’ struggle stories can influence readers’ beliefs. D．Low-performing students tend to feel connected to scientists. Passage 8 In June 2015, Hedlund gave herself a challenge: She would go an entire year without buying any clothes. At first she thought she’d try it out on her own. But because she was also in charge of clothes shopping for her husband and young son, she expanded the experiment to also include them. Hedlund found that she spent hundreds of dollars each year on clothes she and her family never actually wore. With the exception of a single pair of running shoes, Hedlund succeeded in not buying any clothing for anyone in her family for one year. Along the way, the experiment brought her attention to something else: the clothing industry’s wastefulness. This problem, Hedlund realized, was fueled partly by people like herself, who bought too many clothes they didn’t need. These purchases power an industry where pollution, waste and unsafe working conditions are too often seen. “ I wasn’t really aware of this dark side of the clothing industry,” said Hedlund. “It wasn’t the first thing I took into consideration when I started the challenge, but now it just makes me want to keep not buying clothing.” It’s possible that consumers’ (消费者) actions can affect a trillion-dollar global industry. By controlling their consumption, consumers can send a clearer signal to clothing producers that they don’t want to buy so much and they don’t want to buy badly-made clothing. However, minimalism (极简主义) has earned plenty of critics. “Minimalism is OK only when it’s a choice, and its followers are in the well-off middle class,” said Stephanie Land, a journalist for The New York Times. “ For people who are not so well off, it is not really a choice.” 1．Why did Hedlund include her husband and young son in her experiment? A．She needed their help. B．She loved them very much. C．She was responsible for their clothes. D．She wanted to face a great challenge. 2．What was one result of Hedlund’s challenge? A．She did a lot of running. B．She bought fewer clothes. C．She stopped buying anything. D．She changed her living conditions. 3．What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Overconsumption. B．Leading a simple lifestyle. C．The experiment she did on clothing. D．The negative effect of the clothing industry. 4．It can be inferred from Stephanie Land’s words that minimalism __________. A．is not suitable for everyone. B．should be spoken highly of. C．is popular with poor people. D．can’t be thought of as a good idea. Passage 9 （2024·甘肃白银校考模拟预测）We’ve all heard the phrase “use your time wisely” in our lives. How can we use our time “wisely”? In an increasingly urbanizing world, we are busier, required to do more to get into college or other higher academic institutions, or to get a job and do well at it. Because of that, things we do to relax, like reading a book, going out with friends or napping, are becoming rarer. Doing something that doesn’t quite directly help you reach your goal (like the things for relaxation) is often viewed as “wasting your time” because we only have limited time. But even if relaxing or having fun takes time away from being “productive”, they shouldn’t be considered “a waste of time”. If we don’t do things for fun, what is there to enjoy in life? There have been numerous studies indicating how relaxation and going out with friends can improve your mental and physical health. Being able to take part in an enjoyable hobby or spend time with someone you enjoy being around can help release “feel good” hormones (荷尔蒙) that can reduce some stress in your daily life, thus improving physical health in the long run. But of course, as a part-time hypocrite (伪善者) on this topic, sometimes when I find myself enjoying a book, playing a video game, or scrolling on TikTok, I get this awful feeling instantly after that I could have used that time to do something productive like taking textbook notes or finishing an assignment. Or maybe I would go out with my friends during the day and come back to my dorm just to think about how I could have used that time to study for an upcoming exam. We’ve all been there. However, even if it isn’t evident, doing those little things prevents us from burning out too fast. It creates some positive memories hanging in your mind that will hopefully get you through a tough patch. You need to relax in order to be productive later on. The popular concept of a work-life balance also tells us you should do things that you enjoy to keep the balance, and therefore, would not be considered “a waste of time”. 1．What is often thought as “a waste of time” according to paragraph 2? A．Hanging out with friends. B．Preparing for a business trip. C．Training for school basketball matches. D．Reading for an essay assigned last week. 2．How does relaxation benefit us? A．It improves our health shortly. B．It develops our hobbies greatly. C．It releases hormones to develop our stress. D．It strengthens us physically and mentally. 3．What does the underlined sentence “We’ve all been there.” mean? A．We’ve taken the exam. B．We’ve been somewhere already. C．We all have had the same experience. D．We all have come back to the dormitory. 4．What’s the author’s attitude toward “wasting time”? A．Doubtful. B．Supportive. C．Disapproving. D．Conservative. 话题2生活与学习 Passage 10 Way back in 1953, high school mathematics looked like a big problem for me and several of my classmates. When we reached the 9th grade, we got Mr.Iyer, the strict math teacher who was also our class teacher. He always stuck to his discipline. We had to arrive on time, pay attention to his lectures, and never neglect (忽视) any of his homework. As he was our class teacher, we got to know him better. Noticing some of us were fidgety one day as the midterm exams approached, he stopped solving a mathematical problem to ask us why. “There’s too much to do,” we sighed. “We’re afraid we’ll never manage to finish our review before the exams.” “Nothing is impossible,” Mr.Iyer told us. “This classroom is on the second floor. Do you have trouble reaching here?” We reacted with blank (茫然的) eyes. “No, you don’t!” he said, answering his own question. “You have a staircase to help you climb up to this level. No one expects you to make it in two giant leaps. You simply take one step at a time. Any task can be solved if you focus on the next action to be taken. The rest will take care of itself, if you keep at it. One step at a time. That’s the secret.” Then he wrote down an old motto on the blackboard: “The longest journey starts with a single step.” Having heard his staircase analogy (比拟), we saw him in a new light. Most of my classmates scored distinctions (优等评分) in math. And I went on to become an English teacher. To this day, whenever I pass on Mr. Iyer’s invaluable advice to my own students, they brighten up at the sight of a lighter academic burden. 1．What can we learn from the first paragraph? A．Math was difficult for most of the author’s classmates. B．The students thought Mr.Iyer was not a good teacher. C．Mr.Iyer was serious about his job and strict with the students. D．Mr.Iyer would punish the students neglecting his discipline. 2．What does the underlined word “fidgety” in Paragraph 2probably mean? A．Hard-working. B．Nervous. C．Excited. D．Calm. 3．Why did the students react with blank eyes? A．They thought reaching the second floor had no connection with the worry. B．They were too tired to understand any words Mr.Iyer said in class. C．They were surprised that Mr.Iyer would talk about such an unbelievable problem. D．They had no interest in any subjects that were no good for their exams. 4．The staircase analogy tells us________. A．one can reach his goals very easily B．the goals can be reached step by step C．there is only one step between success and failure D．tasks can be achieved with the help of the teacher Passage 11 During my first year in college, I was silent. I was too afraid of saying something wrong. I declared a religion major as a sophomore and took a class from Barbara, a young theologian. My mind was split open by a range of new thinkers and writers and by the quality of Barbara’s questions, I finally had something to say and the energy to say it. I was a frequent visitor during Barbara’s office hours, a rocket of words. She listened and calmly responded, a perfect contrast to my feverish ramblings. I loved what she saw in me, which was a range of abilities I had never seen in myself. In the following years, our relationship gradually deepened, but I was always conscious of a teacher-student dynamic. This changed fundamentally when I became a parent. I had my son in March 2010, and Barbara was one of the first to congratulate me. When, nine months later, my child was diagnosed with Tay-Sachs disease, a rare and always terminal illness with no treatment and no cure, she sent me a letter-handwritten on a white legal pad. For the next two and a half years, Barbara wrote me regular, sometimes weekly, letters, remarkable letters that are revealing, loving, and kind. The letter written right before my son died, when he was three, was the most personal and perhaps the most profound. “I think he’s made you better by opening up the great fire of your love,” she wrote, “with his small but magnificent existence.” I have never in my life read a more deeply comforting sentence, one that spoke to my grandest hopes, my deepest fears, and the only faith that remains to me, which is a belief in chaos. Our love had bloomed and deepened from a guarded mutual respect to a richer, deeper friendship. Mentors are meant to lead those in their charge into fresh understanding, help them sort and filter new experiences, assist in the project of making sense out of the chaos that is human life. Mentors observe and accompany the darkest despair, the wildest sorrow, and the most unexpected joy. 1．What can we learn from paragraph 2? A．The author took the class because she excelled1 in theology. B．Their relationship changed significantly beyond a teacher-student mode. C．The author was a frequent visitor to Barbara’s home after working hours. D．Barbara’s peaceful exterior was a contrast to the author’s overexcited talk. 2．What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．The way Barbara treated her students. B．The fact that the author kept silent in class. C．The role of the author as a college student. D．The relationship between Barbara and the author. 3．What transformed the relationship between Barbara and the author from a mutual respect to a deeper friendship? A．Barbara’s efforts to solve the problem. B．Barbara’s sympathy shown in the letter. C．The author’s in-depth understanding of Barbara. D．Barbara’s congratulations on the birth of the author’s son. 4．What does the author think of Barbara? A．Demanding and dedicated. B．Responsible and reasonable. C．Insightful and inspiring. D．Aggressive and ambitious. Passage 12 I have been worrying for weeks now about what to give my mother for Mother's Day. For most people, this is a modest problem, solved by the purchase of a bathrobe or a box of candy. For me, however, Mother's Day represents an annual challenge to do the impossible—find a gift that will make neither Mama nor me feel terrible. Expensive gifts which Mama defines as costing over $10 are out, because they make Mama feel terrible. "This is awful, " she once said, examining an apron. "I feel just terrible. You shouldn't have spent that much on it." Inexpensive presents - under $10—please Mama, but they make me feel terrible. The story always goes this way: a gift given to Mama will bounce swiftly back to me. If I buy her something wearable, she perceives in an instant that it could be let in here, let out there, and it would fit me perfectly. If I give her a plant, she cuts off the top for me to take home and root in a glass of water. If I give her something edible, she wants me to stay for lunch and eat it. Papa, a sensible man, long ago stopped trying to shop for Mama. Instead, on Mother's Day, her birthday, and other appropriate occasions, he composes a short romantic poem in which he tells of their meeting, unforgettable things, and marriage. After nearly 30 years of poems, Papa sometimes worries that the edge of his poetic inspiration has dulled, but Mama doesn't complain. She comes into the room while he is struggling over a gift poem and says, "It doesn't have to rhyme as long as it's from the heart." This year, finally, I think I, too, have found a painless gift for Mama. I am going to give her a magazine article, unrhymed but from the heart, in which I wish her "Happy Mother's Day" and tell her there's nothing Papa or I could ever buy, find, or make her that would be half good enough anyway. 1．Why Mother's Day is regarded as an annual challenge by the author? A．Most gifts are too expensive to afford. B．Her mother has never been pleased with gifts. C．She lacks the experience of choosing gifts. D．It's hard to buy a satisfying gift for her mother. 2．What can we know about the author's mother from paragraph 3? A．She is particular about gifts. B．She doesn't like receiving gifts. C．She always cares about her child. D．She always gives something in return. 3．Which words can best describe the author's Dad? A．Loving and wise. B．Energetic and kind. C．Brave and inspiring. D．Optimistic and talented. 4．Why will the author give her mother a magazine article? A．To show her love for her mother. B．To show off her literary competence. C．To offer a better present than .her dad's. D．To avoid the difficulty of choosing Passage 13 （2021上·福建厦门高一校考期中）As today’s high schoolers are facing too much homework, sports teams and clubs and high-rising college costs, many people are rethinking the idea of high schoolers working. Are there still benefits of having a job in high school? The answer is yes. When I was 14 years old, my mother suggested that I get a job in order to pay for college. Unhappy with my sporadic (零星的) babysitting work, I told my mother that, no matter what job I got, I’d never be able to cover college costs on a high school worker’s pay. My mother smiled and told me that there were plenty of other reasons why I should get a job apart from just the paycheck (工资支票). So I found myself finally accepting a job as a swim instructor and lifeguard at my town’s public pool. I ended up working part-time at the pool through all four years of high school. Not everything about the job was marvelous. Actually, there were times I hated jumping in the pool on cold mornings and lecturing kids on their bad manners, but, like my mother said, I got many other benefits from the job besides the paycheck. At my job, I made lots of new friends, more than I had made in high school. I also learnt lots of skills including CPR (心肺复苏法) training. I was also able to use my work experience to stand out from other job applicants in college and get a paid research job as a freshman in college. For many high school students, there are many benefits of having a job. Not only will high school jobs give you a way to make some money, meet new people, and develop some skills, you can also use your teenage jobs to get yourself a better job in college. 1．What was my mother’s suggestion when I was 14 years old? A．She suggested that the author get a job to pay for college. B．She suggested that the author do babysitting work. C．She suggested that the author face too much homework. D．She suggested that the author jump in the pool. 2．What does the underlined word “marvelous” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Tiring. B．Frightening. C．Adventurous. D．Enjoyable. 3．How did the author’s part-time job benefit him? A．It led him to be a headmaster. B．It helped him get a good job in college. C．It helped him run his own company in college. D．It provided him with enough money to pay for college. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．More Than Just the Paycheck B．My First Job in High School C．What I Learnt from a Swim Instructor D．High Schoolers Are Having a Hard Time Passage 14 （2022·黑龙江哈尔滨哈尔滨三中校考模拟预测）The noise of chattering mouths subsided (平息) as a teacher entered the classroom. “Good morning, class. I am Riffat Monaf, and I will be your geography teacher.” Riffat Monaf, a fascinating name and an attractive person. Her introduction took place about six years ago, and since then I have never met a more influential person in my life. Mrs Monaf not only conquered me with her vast knowledge of geography, but also won me over with her smile and warm eyes. It was in her class that I traveled to the highest mountains and to the deepest seas from the comfort of the classroom. I learned about the vast oceans, the erupting volcanoes, the snow-capped mountains and the green valleys. She would often relate her adventures about traveling to different parts of the world. Never can I forget the glory of her face when she talks about how truly beautiful this world is. If I search back my love for the environment and geography, I find her to be the source of my love for preserving nature. If one day I became an environmentalist, I know that I’ll thank her for it. Apart from this, she has always greeted me with open arms and she calls her students “my children”. Mrs Monaf’s morals and values rubbed off on me deeply and I have always taken account of her advice. She has been one of the most consistently good things in my life. Currently, she is fighting a battle against breast cancer, and it pains me to know that after all she has done for me. I can do nothing for her except pray. Whenever I see her in school, she still keeps that kind smile and an expression so soft that it trembles my heart. Mrs Monaf still talks enthusiastically about geography, and I know that I can never see a greater person like her in my life. 1．What does the second paragraph imply? A．The writer got around a lot when at senior high. B．Mrs Monaf was a person with extraordinary knowledge. C．The writer performed well at school. D．Mrs Monaf enjoyed telling her students funny jokes in class. 2．What does the underlined word “rubbed off on” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Scratched off. B．Took on. C．Crossed off. D．Impacted on. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Mrs. Monaf was an optimistic person. B．Breast cancer made Mrs. Monaf depressed. C．Another great person may appear in my life. D．Praying for Mrs. Monaf made the writer tremble. 4．What would be the best title for the passage? A．My Eventful School Life B．The Teacher-student Friendship C．An Influence in My Life D．Struggles Against Breast Cancer Passage 15 I grew up in the 1950s with very practical parents. My mother washed aluminum foil (铝箔纸) after she cooked in it, and then she reused it.She was the earliest recycle (回收利用) queen before people had a name for it. My father was no different.He preferred getting old shoes fixed to buying new ones.Their marriage was good and their dreams were focused. Their best friends lived just a wave away.Though my parents have passed away,I can see them now-Dad in trousers,a T-shirt and a hat and Mom in a house dress,lawnmower (割草机) in one hand and dishtowel in the other. It was the time to fix things-a curtain rod (挂帘杆) the kitchen radio, the screen door, the oven door, and so on. They fixed all things we had.It was a way of life,and sometimes it made me crazy.All that re-fixing and renewing made me want to scream.I wanted just once to be wasteful.Waste meant being rich.Throwing things away meant you knew there’d always be more.I often thought like that. But then my mother died,and on that clear summer night,in the warmth of the hospital room,I learnt that sometimes there isn’t any more.Sometimes,what we care about most gets all used up and goes away and it will never return. So, while we have it, it is the best that we love it,care for it,fix it when it’s broken and cure it when it’s sick. This is true for marriage,old cars,children with bad report cards,dogs with bad hips and aging parents and grandparents.We keep them because they are worth it and because we are worth it. 1．We can learn that when the writer was young, she________. A．thought highly of her parents’ habits B．often helped her parents fix old things C．often threw things away without being noticed D．at times hated it when her parents fixed old things 2．What did the writer realise after her mother’s death? A．Her mother truly loved her. B．She had wasted a lot of money. C．Things may never return once they are gone. D．She had hurt her parents for many times. 3．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To advise us to love what we have. B．To encourage us to recycle old things. C．To explain why her parents recycled. D．To help us know about life in the past. Passage 16 Sarah came running in. “Look what I found.” Over the top of the paper I was reading came a crispy long object that caused me to jump. It was a snake skin that had been shed by one of our many garden snakes. “Isn’t it beautiful?” said my wide-eyed seven-year-old. I stared at the organic wrapper and thought to myself that it really wasn’t that beautiful, but I have learned never to appear uninterested with children. They see only good quality and excellence in the world until educated otherwise. “Why does it do this?” Sarah asked. “Snakes shed their skin because they need to renew themselves,” I explained. “Why do they need to renew themselves?” Sarah asked. I suddenly remembered an article on this page many years ago where the writer was expressing her concept of renewal. She used layers of paper over a wall to describe how we hide our original selves, and said that by peeling away those layers one by one, we see the original beneath. “We often need to shed our skins and those coatings that we cover ourselves with,” I said to my now absorbed daughter. “We outgrow some things and find other ones unwanted or unnecessary. This snake no longer needs this skin. It is probably too crinkly（起皱的）for him, and he probably doesn’t think he looks as smart in it as he once did.” Sarah was getting the point. As we talked, I knew that she began to understand, although slightly, that renewal is part of progress; that we need to take a good look at ourselves, our rooms, schoolwork and creativity, and see what we need to keep and what we need to cast off. I was careful to point out that this is a natural consequence of their growth. “I see, Dad,” said Sarah and jumped off my lap and ran off. I hoped she would remember this. That often, in order to find our real selves underneath the layers of community and culture with which we cover ourselves year after year, we need to start examining these layers. We need to gently peel some away, as we recognize them to be worthless or unnecessary; or at best, store the ones thrown away as mementoes（念想）of our promotion to a better vitality or spirit. 1．At the first sight of the snake skin, the author was ________. A．scared B．puzzled C．uninterested D．excited 2．Sarah learned from her father that renewal is ________. A．to recover the layers inside B．to review what has been done C．a natural part of getting mature D．the process of finding the unwanted 3．It can be inferred from the passage that the author ________. A．dislikes the snake skin at all B．shows concern for nature and culture C．can grasp the chance to educate children D．often encourages his daughter to raise questions 4．The author mainly tells the reader that ________. A．snakes cast off the layers to look smarter B．we should renew ourselves to get improved C．snakes shed their skins to renew themselves D．we should explore our original nature underneath Passage 17 Dear Mrs Beattie, I was so afraid the first time I met you. It was not just that you were really fat and shouted so loudly. Everything about you was scary. All the teachers were afraid of you, too. But you were excellent and very kind. You would shout at us if we’d done something wrong in another teacher’s lesson, and then you would go to apologize (道歉) to that teacher for what we had done. You made us believe we were able to do anything if we put our heart into it. I hated art, and was disappointed at being unable to draw anything well. So, of course, my mind wandered in art lessons. You took me aside and said I could do it. You told me to concentrate on the lines, and if it was not good, I should start again. Do you remember how you made me draw and paint that photograph of the tennis player Nastase, and that it was a bit too bad at first but in the end I was so unbelievably proud of it? You could even see the veins (静脉) in his legs. “Mind over matter,” you said, or something like that — and you were right. We thought you were an ogre (凶恶的人), but you turned out to be the fairest person on the earth. There was a time when I did really well in everything but geography, and you said, “Simon has done quite well this year, but I am only let down by his geography where he didn’t work hard enough.” I said I had worked hard but was too weak in it, and asked if you could change my report, and you rewrote it, saying, “Simon has done quite well except for geography, which he’s not very good at.” Thanks, Mrs Beattie. Hope you’re still teaching there. Lots of love, Simon Smith 1．What is the relationship between Beattie and Simon? A．Classmates. B．Mother and son. C．Friends. D．Teacher and student. 2．The author didn’t focus on his art lessons mainly because ________. A．he couldn’t draw well B．the art teacher didn’t teach well C．the art teacher was unkind D．he was always laughed at by the art teacher 3．The author takes the example of painting the tennis player Nastase’s photo to show that ________. A．nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it B．two heads are better than one C．a good beginning is half done D．time and tide wait for no man 4．Which of the author’s subjects was Mrs Beattie not satisfied with? A．Art. B．Maths. C．Geography. D．Science. Passage 18 Years ago, I lived in a building in a large city. The building next door was only a few feet away from mine. There was a woman who lived there, whom I had never met, yet I could see her seat by her window each afternoon, sewing or reading. After several months had gone by, I began to notice that her window was dirty. Everything was unclear through the dirty window. I would say to myself, “I wonder why that woman doesn’t wash her window. It really looks terrible.” One bright morning I decided to clean my flat, including washing the window on the inside. Late in the afternoon when I finished the cleaning, I sat down by the window with a cup of coffee for a rest. What a surprise! Across the way, the woman sitting by her window was clearly visible. Her window was clean! Then it dawned on me. I had been criticizing her dirty window, but all the time I was watching her through my own dirty window. That was quite an important lesson for me. How often had I looked at and criticized others through the dirty window of my heart, through my own shortcomings? Since then, whenever I wanted to judge someone, I asked myself first, “Am I looking at him through my own dirty window?” Then I try to clean the window of my own world so that I may see the world more clearly. 1．The writer couldn’t see everything clearly through the window because ________. A．the woman’s window was dirty B．the writer’s window was dirty C．the woman lived nearby D．the writer was near-sighted 2．“it dawned on me” probably means “________”. A．I began to understand it B．It cheered me up C．I knew it grew light D．It began to get dark 3．It’s clear that ________. A．the writer often washed the window B．they lived in a small town C．they both worked as cleaners D．the writer had never met the woman before 4．From the passage, we can learn that ________. A．one shouldn’t criticize others very often B．one should often make his window clean C．one must judge himself before he judges others D．one must look at others through his dirty window 话题3 运动与健康 Passage 19 How exercising changed their life Name: Katelyn Block, 19 The problem: At the end of her junior year of high school, she fell into a serious eating disorder. The change: She was an athlete, but while she was sick, she stopped running. Later, she decided to get back into running. She made the decision to build her body back from the ground up. With a few months of hard work and determination, she graduated from high school with a healthy body. Name: Amalia Biro, 24 The problem: Amalia was a horseback rider with her sight set on the Olympics, until one day she was thrown off a horse, leaving her left knee badly injured. The change: She ran a 5K at the request of her friend. Running lets her clear her head. She found herself starting to turn to running instead of breaking away from her social life. And she was in good shape and felt better than before. Name: Sarah Jane Parker, 28 The problem: She had a lot of fear and anxiety about different things. The fear was taking over her life. The change: She tried indoor rock climbing with her friend’s encouragement. When she finally managed to climb to the top, she fell in love with the sport. Eventually she used the courage she got from climbing to break away from her fear. Name: Kimberly Whittaker, 25 The problem: Two car accidents in one month made Kimberly have joint problems in both knees and pain in her lower back. The change: She joined a gym and worked with a physical trainer three times a week to help her become healthy again. She took spin classes (动感单车) the most often because she felt like she was able to focus her energy just on riding. 1．What was the problem that Katelyn was facing? A．She got a fever. B．She was anxious. C．She couldn’t eat normally. D．She hurt her knees. 2．What do Amalia and Sarah have in common? A．They had the same dream. B．They attended the Olympics. C．They didn’t trust themselves. D．They should thank their friends. 3．How did Kimberly become healthy again? A．By changing her diet. B．By seeing a doctor. C．By joining a gym. D．By studying hard. Passage 20 （23-24高一上·山西吕梁·阶段练习）Spending time outdoors has long been linked (联系) to better health. Gardening goes beyond just beautifying outdoor spaces—it can have a deep effect on our physical and mental (身心上的) health. Gardening involves physical activity that works all the main muscle (肌肉) groups, which is helpful for overall health. “Activities such as digging, planting, weeding and harvesting require movement and can help to improve strength,” said Clayton, CEO of an online lawn care company. “Performing these activities regularly can help burn calories, and keep a healthy weight.” Beyond burning calories and building muscle, lots of studies have shown that gardening can improve the immune system (免疫系统). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that people get at least 150 minutes of exercise each week, and gardening is listed as a suitable activity. Doing garden work for that time each week can reduce the risk of obesity, high blood pressure and heart disease. Additionally, spending time outdoors makes us get close to natural sunlight, which is important for vitamin D synth. Gardening provides a chance for social connection, too. It can be a shared activity among family members, friends or neighbors, building relationships and a sense of belonging. Gardening also offers cognitive (认知的) benefits. It excites the senses, improves focus and encourages problem-solving and creativity. It provides a chance to learn about plants, ecosystems and the environment, developing a deeper understanding and appreciation for nature. 1．What is Clayton’s attitude towards gardening? A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear D．Uncaring. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about gardening? A．It improves focus. B．It is a waste of time. C．It can keep a body in shape. D．It helps to reduce the risk of diseases. 3．How does gardening affect social connection according to the text? A．It contributes to creativity. B．It encourages problem-solving. C．It builds relationships between people. D．It improves people’s awareness of safety. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．How to Start a Garden B．Choose a Garden or Not C．What Plants Grow Best in a Garden D．Start Gardening and Get the Health Benefits Passage 21 （22-23高一下·广东揭阳·期中）After bikes and umbrellas are made sharable across China, some companies started to focus on the fitness market, so shared gym rooms have hit the streets in Beijing. Unlike common gyms that provide large, open spaces for many members to share at the same time, the newly built shared gym rooms are small, separate rooms for only a person to use at a time, often set up near living communities. Every four-square-meter room provides a treadmill (跑步机), an air cleaner, a mirror, a television and an air conditioner, and users can let down the curtains (窗帘) for privacy. When exercising, users can listen to music, watch movies and check emails by connecting to the Internet by the screen fixed on the treadmill. But there’s no shower. Similar to using a shared bike, users can locate a shared gym room by a smartphone app, book a room in advance and then need to scan a QR code for use. A refundable deposit (保证金) of 99 yuan is required, and users are charged 1 yuan every 5 minutes. The shared gym rooms are created by Misspao, a Beijing-based technology company founded in July. Within several months since it was founded, the company has already raised over 100 million yuan. However, the idea of the shared fitness experience is not totally nascent. Last December, the company VRUN set up shared treadmills in office and apartment buildings. The sharing economy is still becoming popular in China. According to Yicai Global, confident people are pouring millions into sharing start-ups. In March, the State Information Center published a report which predicts that the total value of China’s sharing economy will see a yearly growth of 40% in the coming years, and it is expected to make a great contribution to the country’s GDP. 1．What makes the shared gym room different from the common one? A．Holding one person at a time. B．Standing in the living communities. C．Offering open spaces. D．Having all advanced equipment. 2．What do people need to do to use the shared gym room? A．Pay 100 yuan first. B．Let down curtains for privacy. C．Take a shower before exercise. D．Book a room ahead of time. 3．What does the underlined word “nascent” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Simple. B．Popular. C．Satisfying. D．New. 4．What is the author’s purpose of writing the text? A．To advertise a technology company. B．To introduce shared gym rooms. C．To support the shared gym rooms. D．To predict the future of shared gym rooms. Passage 22 Teen Fitness （17-18高二下·湖北黄冈·期末）Our Teen Fitness program will be available from July 4 to September 3 for youth aged 12 to 17 at all GoodLife Fitness clubs from coast to coast, across Canada. Participating teens will have full club access with the following exceptions: pool, Hot Yoga Studio, Tennis Court and Tanning Salon (日光浴沙龙). We’ve all heard the news: Overweight teenagers are tipping the balance at an alarming rate. According to the Canada Health Measure Survey (2017): ★ Over 26% of children and youth are overweight. ★ 60% of Canadian youth do not get the required daily physical activity for their growth and development. ★ 93% of children and youth are not meeting Canada’s physical activity guidelines. Instead of a Teen Fitness membership card, this year our teens will have a regular membership card presented to them. “At GoodLife, we are devoted to helping all Canadians become fit and healthy and we know the importance of starting healthy habits at a young age,” said David Patchell-Evans, GoodLife founder and CEO. Pre-registration for 2018 will be available in June. General Teen Information: ★ Free teen membership for ages 12 - 17 only. ★ Membership term: July 4-September 3; all teen memberships come to an end by September 3, 2018. ★ Parents or legal guardians must register for a Teen Member and provide proof of age. ★ Membership includes access to most club areas at all locations: 7 days a week from 8 am-4 pm with last check-in at 3:00 pm. ★ The teens will receive their membership key tags (标签) upon completion of registration at the club. ★ Maximum workout time for Teen Members is 2 hours per day. 1．What does the survey in Canada show? A．Teens’ state of health is worrying. B．Most teens can’t balance study and play. C．50% of teens benefit from GoodLife Fitness. D．Schools pay much attention to teens’ fitness. 2．What can Teen Members enjoy in the program? A．Light exercise at night on weekends. B．Three-month free membership. C．Free access to the Tennis Court. D．At most two hours’ daily exercise. 3．A participating teen is required to ________. A．arrive no later than 3:00 pm B．buy a key tag after registration C．be accompanied by his parents D．make the registration by himself Passage 23 The Bridport Prize （24-25高二下·山东青岛·期中）The Bridport Prize is one of the most famous awards in the literary world. Whether you’re writing a poem, a short story, a flash fiction, a novel or a memoir, we can’t wait to read your words. We are committed to discovering and championing new writers. It’s every writer’s dream to see their words in print. We are a step on the road to making that happen. From our highly respected judges to our experienced partners, we do whatever we can to make your voice heard.Prizes ·Young Writer Award (£500) For the highest-placed writer aged 16 to 25 in poetry, short story, flash fiction and novel.·Never Too Late Award (£500) This award is given to the highest-placed writer aged 60+ in poetry, short story, novel and flash fiction. The winning piece will be featured in our anthology (选集), which is considered published and can open doors to literary agents and publishers. It also enables entry into other competitions not available to the public.·Dorset Award (£100) Sponsored by The Bookshop, Bridport, it is given to the highest-placed Dorset writer in poetry, short story, flash fiction and novel. Genre First prize Requirement Poetry £500 Up to 42 lines Short story £500 5,000 words or less Flash Fiction £1,000 250 words or less Novel £1,500 plus package 8,000 to 10,000 words and a synopsis (提要) Memoir £1,500 plus package 5,000 to 8,000 words plus a 300-word overview Notes *Entries must be completed independently by the writer. *Work must not be produced or edited by ChatGPT or any other AI creation tool. *Deadline: May 31,2025 1．What do we know about the Bridport Prize? A．It provides a platform for new writers. B．It is a literary award for children's books. C．It is the highest award in the literary world. D．It encourages older individuals to write memoirs. 2．Who may get a special prize? A．A poet writing a 50-line poem. B．An author of a 5,000-word novel. C．A 60-year-old Dorset writer ranked second. D．A top-ranked 22-year-old short-story writer. 3．What is one of the entry requirements? A．Being co-authored. B．Being perfected by AI. C．Being entirely original. D．Being finalized by June 31. 2025. Passage 24 （21-22高一下·山东聊城·期末）There are some great winter sports that are just waiting to be explored. Some or more extreme than others, but still definitely worth a try... Ice Skating Invented more than 4000 years ago by the Finnish, it remains loved by so many all over the world. People of all ages can take advantage of this fun sport, as it is a great way to be outdoors and get a bit of exercise. Experts say that the more you practice, the belter your balance, co-coordination, and flexibility will become. So put on a pair of skates and get moving on the rink. Snowcross Snowcross is a sport suitable for people who are a bit more adventurous. Over the last several years, snowcross has increased in popularity and is one of the most sought-after forms of snowmobile races and a really trendy winter sport. Snowcross is popular in the USA, Canada, Sweden, and Finland. Sound fun? Why not give it a try? Ice Hockey Ice hockey is not just one of the most popular winter Olympic sports but has also recently become a common international sport. Ice hockey is fast passed and full of energy that also involved numerous intricate (复杂精细的) tricks and movements. It doesn’t only have a competitive side, it also is super fun! Snowboarding Snowboarding is another really fun snow sport that is definitely worth trying this winter. It’s not the same as skiing, the main difference between snowboarding and skiing is that snowboarding does not use poles and most people use softer boots for flexibility. Snowboarding has only recently been added to the winter Olympics. There are hundreds of different resorts around the world that allow you to experience this popular sport. 1．What can we know about Snowcross? A．It needs more practice. B．It suits those willing to take risks. C．It covers numbers of tricks and movements. D．It is popular only in Europe. 2．Of the following sports, which is new in the winter Olympics? A．Ice Skating. B．Snowcross. C．Ice Hockey. D．Snowboarding. 3．What do the listed sports have in common? A．They have a long history. B．They appeal to people of all ages. C．They are full of fun. D．They are more extreme than any other sport. Passage 25 （24-25高一上·陕西西安·阶段练习）A recent study found that older women who exercise more have a lower chance of getting dementia (痴呆). Women aged 65 or older who did an extra 31 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous (中度到重度) physical activities each day had a 21 percent lower risk of developing dementia. Also, taking an extra 1,865 steps each day was linked to a 33 percent lower risk. Andrea LaCroix, a professor at UC San Diego, explained why early action is important. “Dementia starts 20 years or more before symptoms appear, so it’s important to start early to delay or prevent dementia,” she said. She also noted that physical activities are one of the best ways to lower the risk of dementia. “Prevention is key because once dementia is for sure, it is very hard to slow or recover. There is no way to treat it,” LaCroix added. The study included 1,277 women from two Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) studies. These women wore special devices called accelerometers (加速度计) for up to seven days to measure their physical activities and sitting time accurately (精确地). On average, the women took 3,216 steps, spent 276 minutes doing light physical activities, 45.5 minutes doing moderate-to-vigorous physical activities, and sat for 10.5 hours each day. Light activities included housework, gardening, or walking, while moderate-to-vigorous activities included fast walking. The study also found that sitting for long periods did not increase the risk of dementia. This information is important for doctors and public health because it shows how much and what type of physical activities can lower the risk of dementia. The authors suggested that more research is needed with larger and more diverse groups, including men. 1．What is the goal of the study? A．To find a way to treat dementia. B．To examine the effects of medication on dementia. C．To determine the relationship between diet and dementia risk. D．To figure out the influence of physical activities on dementia risk. 2．What is the function of accelerometers? A．To get accurate location of the women. B．To track the women’s workout and sitting. C．To help the women accelerate their movement. D．To encourage more women to do physical activities. 3．Which of the following may lower the risk of dementia? A．Singing songs. B．Long sitting. C．Fast walking. D．Watching videos. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Physical activities may cut dementia risk B．It is very difficult to slow down dementia C．Early treatment for dementia is necessary D．Exercising does good to the health of the aged Passage 26 （23-24高一下·江西宜春·阶段练习）Physical education, or gym class, isn’t required for all high school students. In some schools, it isn’t offered for some different reasons. But should high school students have physical education? The answer is certainly “yes”. Today many people don’t do sports. But as is known to all, doing sports is very important for an adult. Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult. High school isn’t that easy. Many students are under a lot of stress. Stress can be harmful to a student’s studies and life. Doing sports can help them deal with stress better, helping them live a happier life at school. The American Heart Association says that 10 million kids and teens suffer from obesity (肥胖症). Teens should get 60 minutes of physical activity per day to control their weight and to help their bones get stronger. The increase in activities that don’t get teens to move around, such as video games and computer activities, means many teens don’t get their required exercise. Physical education classes act as a public health measure to encourage activity and help teens have healthy weights. Inactivity increases teens’ risk of developing many diseases. An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems. As much as 75 percent of health-care spending goes toward treating medical conditions that can be hindered by lifestyle changes, according to the American College of Sports Medicine. According to the President’s Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition (PCFSN), students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic (学业的) performance. Students from programs with no physical activity, who used the extra time for classroom study, did not perform better on tests than those who gave up some study time in support of physical education. 1．According to Paragraph 2, what does physical education in high school mean? A．Helping teens learn to make good plans. B．Removing the stress faced by teens at school. C．Making teens think much of exercise later. D．Getting teens to encourage adults to exercise. 2．What does the underlined word “hindered” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Measured. B．Prevented. C．Shown. D．Caused. 3．According to the PCFSN, doing sports______. A．means making students choose between sports and studies B．helps students make good use of all their time C．means students adjust to their studies better D．helps students do better in their studies 4．What is the text mainly about? A．How high school students can live a better life. B．How schools can help students love doing sports. C．Why some schools consider physical education important. D．Why high school students should receive physical education. Passage 27 （21-22高一下·湖南·期中）The Olympic spirit is about a lot more than winning medals and setting records. Just look at the story of swimmer Eric Moussambani. The Equatoguinean found his passion for swimming shortly after high school. Unfortunately, football is far and away the most popular sport in Moussambani’s home country. Living in such a football-crazed country, it was difficult for Moussambani to find a place to train consistently (持续地). Eventually, he found a 13-meter-sized hotel pool that he only had access to three hours a week. On days he could not use the pool, he trained in rivers. After about eight months of swimming, he gained entry into the 2000 Summer Olympics through a program where the International Olympic Committee gave wild cards to developing nations to promote their sport further. In Sydney, Moussambani saw an Olympic-sized swimming pool for the first time, which was so big that Moussambani said he was “so scared” to compete in it. The day of the 100m freestyle came. Moussambani made an energetic start in the first 50 meters, but in the final half of the race, he struggled to stay afloat (漂浮着), so much so that those on the sidelines considered jumping in and helping him out of the water. “It was then that I heard the crowd screaming and shouting, encouraging me to ‘Go, go, go.’ It gave me the strength to finish,” Moussambani said. Moussambani finished the race with a time of 1：52.72, the slowest recorded time in Olympic history, but the fans did not care, cheering him as if he had broken the world record. “This is what the Olympics are all about,” a commentator said. “The most important thing in the Olympic Games is not winning, but taking part. The essential thing in life is not defeating others, but fighting well,” he said. Moussambani serves as the national swim team coach for Equatorial Guinea now. Gone are the days when Equatoguinean swimmers needed to train in open water. They now have two Olympic-sized swimming pools. Moussambani hopes to grow the sport in his country. 1．Why did Moussambani fail to get proper swimming training? A．Swimming was not taken seriously in his country. B．Swimming in rivers appealed to him. C．He was busy with his schoolwork. D．He could not afford it. 2．How did Moussambani do in the race? A．He was too scared to swim. B．He quit at the first sign of trouble. C．He finished with great difficulty. D．He was pulled out of the water halfway. 3．What did the commentator think of Moussambani? A．He showed the Olympic spirit. B．He was a talented swimmer. C．He disappointed his fans. D．He could have fought better. 4．What does Moussambani wish to do now? A．Build some Olympic-sized swimming pools. B．Promote swimming in his country. C．Coach the national swim team. D．Win an Olympic medal. 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $