内容正文:
知识清单·外研版三起四年级上学期(新教材)
Unit 1 I love sports
知识梳理
知识点拨
【考点一】 询问某人喜欢做某事的句型
【考点二】询问对方是否有能力做某事的句型
【考点三】描述某人具有/不具有某种能力做某事的句型
【考点四】询问某人会做什么的句型
【考点五】询问怎么样的句型——What about...?
【考点六】情态动词can
考点一:询问某人喜欢做某事的句型
【课文原句】
—Do you like playing sports? 你喜欢体育运动吗?
—Yes, I do. 是的,我喜欢。
【句型结构】
问句:Do you like + 动词-ing形式(动名词)...?
答语:Yes, I do./No, I don’t.
【重点解析】
· like doing 表示“喜欢做某事”,强调习惯性或一般性的喜好。
【例句】—Do you like dancing? 你喜欢跳舞吗?
—Yes, I do. 是的,我喜欢。
【易错点】
like后接动词ing形式,也可以跟to+动词原形。
I like playing football.
I like play football.
【拓展】like to do vs. like doing
like doing表示长期、习惯性的喜好
例句:I like swimming.我平时喜欢游泳。
like to do表示具体某次喜欢做某事(美式英语更常用)
例句:I like to swim on weekends.我喜欢周末游泳。
【大显身手】
一、选择题。
( ) 1.—Do you like ping-pong?
—______
A.Yes, I am. B.No, I don’t. C.Yes, I can.
( ) 12.I like ______ because it’s exciting.
A.swim B.swimming C.swims
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
3.My sister likes (run) in the morning.
4.Do you like (read) books now?
5. you (like) swimming?
考点二:询问对方是否有能力做某事的句型
【课文原句】Can you jump high, Daming?大明,你能跳得高吗?
Daming: Yes, I can. 是的,我能。
【句型结构】
问句:Can you + 动词原形 (+ 其他成分)?
答语:Yes, I can./No, I can’t.
【重点解析】
· can 是情态动词,表示能力(ability),后面接动词原形。
· high(高)是副词,修饰 jump(跳),表示“跳得高”。
【例句】—Can you jump far?你能跳得远吗?
—Yes, I can.是的,我能。
【大显身手】
选择题。
( ) 1.—Can you play ping-pong?
—Yes, I ______.
A.do B.can C.am
( ) 2.—Can you jump high?
—______
A.Yes, I do. B.No, I can’t. C.Yes, I am.
( ) 3.—Can you play volleyball?
—______
A.Yes, I do. B.No, I can’t. C.Yes, I am.
( ) 4.当你想知道对方会不会跳绳时,你会问:
A.Can you skip? B.Do you like skipping? C.Are you skipping?
( ) 5.Can Sam play______basketball?
A./ B.the C.a
考点三:描述某人具有/不具有某种能力做某事的句型
【课文原句】Daming can jump high.大明能跳得高。
Daming can’t play ping-pong.大明不会打乒乓球。
【句型结构】主语+can/can’t+动词原形+其他.
【重点解析】
· can 作情态动词,在此处表示能力,意为 “能,会”
· can't = can not,是 can 的否定形式,意为 “不能,不会”
例句:I can play football. 我会踢足球。
I can't sing English songs. 我不会唱英文歌。
【拓展】
can作为情态动词,没有人称和数的变化,不管主语是第一人称(I、we)、第二人称(you),还是第三人称单数(he、she、it、单个的人名或事物名等)、第三人称复数(they),can 的形式都保持不变,后面都接动词原形,用来表示 “能;会;可以” 等含义,比如:
I can swim.(我会游泳。)
You can play basketball.(你会打篮球。)
He can speak English.(他会说英语。)
They can dance.(他们会跳舞。)
【大显身手】
一、选词填空。
1.Daming (can / can’t) swim. But he can learn.
2.He can’t (plays / play) football.
二、汉译英。
3.他不会打乒乓球。
4.我会跳得高。
5.Amy会跑得很快。
考点四:询问某人会做什么的句型
【课文原句】What can Daming do?大明会做什么?
【句型结构】特殊疑问词+情态动词+主语+ 动词原形(do)?
【重点解析】
· 特殊疑问词 What:用于对 做的事情 进行提问,明确询问的是 什么事。
· 情态动词 can:表示 能,会,用来询问或说明主语具备的能力,其后必须接动词原形。
· 主语 Daming:是被询问的对象,即动作的执行者。
· 动词原形 do:意为 做,因为前面有情态动词 can,所以要用动词原形。
【易错点】
情态动词 can后必须接动词原形,无论主语是第几人称,都不能用动词的第三人称单数形式。
What can Amy do?
What can Amy does?
【大显身手】
选择题。
( ) 1.—What can your brother do?
—He can ______ high.
A.jump B.jumps C.jumping
( ) 2.—What can Daming do?
—______
A.He likes ping-pong. B.He can run fast. C.Yes, he can.
( ) 3.—What can you do?
—I can ______ pictures.
A.drew B.drawing C.draw
( ) 4.—What ______ Jim ______?
—He can play football.
A.can; does B.can; do C.does; do
( ) 5.What can the little boy do?
A.He can read a book.
B.He can ride a bike.
C.He can write on a book.
考点五:询问怎么样的句型——What about...?
【课文原句】I like playing sports. What about you? 我喜欢做运动。你呢?
“What about you?” 是英语中常用的口语表达,主要用于承接前文话题,询问对方的情况或看法,起到延续对话、互动交流的作用。其用法和特点如下:
1. 基本含义
意为 “你呢?”“你怎么样?”,用于在自己表达了观点、情况后,反问对方的同类情况。
2. 具体用法场景
· 询问对方的情况(承接前文提到的话题,如爱好、能力、状态等):
A: I can play basketball. What about you?我会打篮球。你呢?
B: I can play football.我会踢足球。
· 征求对方的意见或建议:
A: I want to go to the park. What about you?我想去公园。你(觉得)呢?
B: That’s a good idea. Let’s go!好主意。我们走吧!
· 提出建议或提议(后接名词 / 动名词,此时与 “How about...?” 用法相近):
What about a cup of tea?来杯茶怎么样?
What about going swimming this afternoon?今天下午去游泳怎么样?
3. 注意事项
后面接人称代词时,用宾格形式(you, him, her 等):
如:I like apples. What about her?我喜欢苹果。她呢?
接动词时,动词需用 -ing 形式(动名词):
如:What about watching TV?看电视怎么样?
语气较随意,多用于日常口语,正式场合可适当调整为 “And you?” 或 “What do you think?” 等。
【大显身手】
选择题。
( ) 1.—I like dancing. What about you, Joe?
—_______
A.I like skating. B.I am Joe. C.Thank you.
( ) 2.—I like monkeys. What about you?
—_______
A.I have a toy cat. B.I’d like a cup. C.Me too.
( ) 3.John likes _______. What about you?
A.swim B.swiming C.swimming
( ) 4.—What about making a toy panda?
—_______!
A.Good idea B.Thank you C.Here you are
( ) 5.—What about you? Do you like swimming?
—_______
A.Yes, I do. I can swim fast.
B.No, I don’t like swim.
C.Yes, I can’t swim.
考点六:情态动词can
情态动词,本身没有词义,不能单独作谓语,一般与实义动词一起构成谓语,表示说话人的态度,没有人称和数的变化。
can的用法
1)表示能力(体力、知识、技能)。
I can speak English, Chinese and French. 我能说英语、中文和法语三种语言。
2)表示请求、允许。
Can you give me some flowers? 您能给我一些花吗?
3)表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力)。
The hall can hold 500 people at least. 这个接待厅最少能容纳500人。
4)表示推测(惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度),用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句。
Can this be true? 这是真的吗?
含有情态动词can的句型
句型
结构
例句
肯定句
主语 + can + 动词原形
He can swim.他会游泳。
否定句
主语 + can't + 动词原形
She can't drive.她不会开车。
一般疑问句
Can + 主语 + 动词原形?
Can you help me?你能帮我吗?
特殊疑问句
疑问词 + can + 主语 + 动词原形?
What can I do?你能做什么?
口诀技巧
“我”是情态动词can,若表能力“我”承担。
不管主语怎么变,“我”的模样都不变动词原形站后边。
一般疑问句“我”提前,否定句“我”后not添学好“我”很简单。
【大显身手】
一、选择题。
( ) 1.Amy can ________ basketball.
A.plays B.playing C.play
( ) 2.—Can you jump high?
—________
A.No, I can. B.Yes, I can’t. C.Yes, I can.
( ) 3.I ________ swim fast. It’s so easy.
A.can’t B.can C.am
( ) 4.Amy, can you ________ high?
A.jump B.jumping C.jumps
二、句型转换。
5.I can ride fast. (变为否定句)
6.Can Lingling play chess? (变成陈述句)
7.He can play football. (改为一般疑问句)
8.Can you skate? (做肯定回答)
综合训练
一、请把含有 /f/ 或 /v/ 音的单词序号写在方框里吧。
1.first 2.seven 3.fast 4.every 5.far
6.very 7.give 8.father 9.love
二、根据图片内容,将正确选项的序号填相应的括号内。
A.jump high B.jump far C.swim fast D.run fast E.play ping-pong
1.( )
2.( )
3.( )
4.( )
5.( )
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.—Do you like (play) sports? —Yes, I do.
2.I can (run) fast. I can jump high.
3.What about (you)?
4.I can't play volleyball (good).
5.—Can you (play) with me? —Yes, I can.
四、选择题。
( ) 1.I ______ play ping-pong every day.
A.can B.cans C.am can
( ) 2.I can’t run fast, but I can jump ______.
A.far B.slow C.fast
( ) 3.She can ______ volleyball very well.
A.play B.plays C.playing
( ) 4.My father likes playing ______ basketball.
A.a B.the C./
( ) 5.Terry Fox lost one leg ______ cancer.
A.because B.because of C.so
( ) 6.I can run fast, but I ______ jump high.
A.can B.can’t C.don’t
( ) 7.—Can you jump high?
—______
A.Yes, I do. B.No, I can’t. C.Yes, I am.
( ) 8.He ______ run fast, but he can jump high.
A.can B.can’t C.is
( ) 9.I like ______ because it’s exciting.
A.swim B.swimming C.swims
( ) 10.—Can Daming jump high?
—______.
A.Yes, he can B.No, he can C.No, she can’t.
五、连词成句。
1.Sam, far, Can, jump (?)
2.can, I, far, jump (.)
3.can, very, jump, you, high (.)
4.can, well, play, she, not, volleyball (.)
5.favorite, is, his, player, who (?)
六、【新情境・人工智能】 Amy分享了她去人工智能科技馆采访 AI 模拟的海伦・凯勒的经历。选择合适的选项,补全对话。
A.No, I can't. B.I'm from the US.
C.What's your name? D.What can you do?
E.Can you see?
Hello. I'm Amy. 1. ______
My name is Helen Keller.
Are you from China?
No. 2. ______
3. ______
No, I can't.
Can you hear?
4. ______
5. ______
I can read and write. I write a book—Three Days to See.
Oh, you are our model (榜样). Thank you! Goodbye!
七、【新趋势·新题型】Read and finish the task.阅读学校小记者Daming的报道,完成下列任务。
Hello, everyone. I'm Daming. I'm a reporter (记者) from School TV. Today is Sports Day. Amy can run very fast. She is the winner in the short running race. Sam takes part in (参加) the long jump. He can jump far. Lingling and I can play football well. We take part in the football match. Huahua and Yuanyuan cheer (欢呼) for us. They are very happy.
任务一:根据报道内容,完成表格。
Sports
Who
1.
2.
3.
任务二:根据报道内容,选择正确的答案。
( ) 4.It's ______ today.
A.Children's Day B.Mother's Day C.Sports Day
( ) 5.How many children are mentioned (提及) in the text?
A.4. B.5. C.6.
八、【新考法·思维导图】Read and finish the Mind map.阅读短文,补全思维导图。
Different football games
Do you know there are two kinds of football games? One is American football, and the other is soccer.
In China, many young people like playing soccer. It is very popular (受欢迎的). But the Chinese don't call it soccer. We call it football. There are eleven players in a team. And the ball is round. Only the goalkeeper (守门员) can touch the ball with his hands.
In America, soccer is not very popular. People in America like playing another kind of ball. It is American football. It is very different. The ball is not round. It looks like a big egg. There are also eleven players in a team. All the players can touch the ball with both feet and hands.
参考答案
【考点一】
1.B 2.B 3.running/to run 4.reading/to read 5.Do like
【考点二】
1.B 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.A
【考点三】
1.can’t 2.play
3.He can’t play ping-pong.
4.I can jump high.
5.Amy can run very fast.
【考点四】
1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.B
【考点五】
1.A 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.A
【考点六】
1.C 2.C 3.B 4.A
5.I can’t ride fast.
6.Lingling can play chess.
7.Can he play football?
8.Yes, I can.
【综合训练】
一、请把含有 /f/ 或 /v/ 音的单词序号写在方框里吧。
/f/:1、3、5、8
/v/:2、4、6、7、9
二、根据图片内容,将正确选项的序号填相应的括号内。
1.C 2.D 3.E 4.A 5.B
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.playing 2.run 3.you 4.well 5.play
四、选择题。
1.A 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.A
五、连词成句。
1.Can Sam jump far?
2.I can jump far.
3.You can jump very high.
4.She can not play volleyball well.
5.Who is his favorite player?
六、【新情境・人工智能】 Amy分享了她去人工智能科技馆采访 AI 模拟的海伦・凯勒的经历。选择合适的选项,补全对话。
1.C 2.B 3.E 4.A 5.D
七、【新趋势·新题型】Read and finish the task.阅读学校小记者Daming的报道,完成下列任务。
1.Amy 2.Sam 3.Lingling and Daming 4.C 5.C
八、【新考法·思维导图】Read and finish the Mind map.阅读短文,补全思维导图。
1.China 2.goalkeeper 3.American football 4.egg 5.feet
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