Unit 2 Improving yourself 词汇拓展短语背记（二）词 清单-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第二册

该高中英语词汇拓展短语清单系统梳理了Unit 2 “Improving Yourself”中的核心表达，涵盖日常行为规范、环保意识、财务素养、人际交往与思维品质等六大主题范畴，构建了从基础短语理解到高阶语言运用的阶梯式学习支架，助力学生实现语言能力的进阶发展。 清单通过分类归纳、难度分级和语境关联等方式呈现知识体系，如将“spit out”“no spitting”等高频实用短语按场景归类，并标注重难点提示，强化语言能力与文化意识的融合。特别设计“易混短语对比表”（如“in contrast to A, B...”与“compare with”）和“记忆口诀卡片”（如“lifelong friend, lifelong learning, lifelong goal”串联记忆），提升思维品质与学习能力。教师可据此精准分层教学，学生则能自主查漏补缺，高效掌握真实语境下的语言输出技能。

UNIT 2 Improving yourself.词汇拓展短语背记（二） 序号 短语或句型 意思 例句（中英对照） 1 spit on the ground 往地上吐口水 1. Spitting on the ground is impolite and unhygienic.（往地上吐口水既不礼貌又不卫生。）2. The sign says "No Spitting", so don't spit on the ground.（牌子上写着“禁止吐痰”，别往地上吐口水。） 2 spit out 吐出（某物） 1. He spit out the bitter medicine immediately after taking it.（他喝下苦药后马上吐了出来。）2. She spit out the cherry pit into the trash can.（她把樱桃核吐进了垃圾桶。） 3 no spitting 禁止吐痰 1. You can see "No Spitting" signs in public places like hospitals and stations.（在医院、车站等公共场所能看到“禁止吐痰”的标识。）2. The city has strict rules against spitting, with "No Spitting" enforced everywhere.（该市对吐痰有严格规定，各处都执行“禁止吐痰”。） 4 wear headphones 戴耳机 1. He wears headphones to listen to music on his way to school.（他上学路上戴耳机听音乐。）2. It's dangerous to wear headphones while crossing the street because you can't hear traffic sounds.（过马路时戴耳机很危险，因为听不到交通声音。） 5 use headphones 使用耳机 1. We need to use headphones in the library to avoid disturbing others.（在图书馆要使用耳机，避免打扰别人。）2. She uses headphones to practice English listening every day.（她每天用耳机练习英语听力。） 6 noise-canceling headphones 降噪耳机 1. Noise-canceling headphones are very useful for people who work in noisy offices.（降噪耳机对在嘈杂办公室工作的人很有用。）2. He bought a pair of noise-canceling headphones to block out airplane noise during flights.（他买了一副降噪耳机，用来隔绝飞行时的飞机噪音。） 7 throw into the bin 扔进垃圾箱 1. Please throw the empty bottle into the bin instead of leaving it on the desk.（请把空瓶子扔进垃圾箱，别放在桌子上。）2. She always throws waste paper into the bin to keep the classroom clean.（她总是把废纸扔进垃圾箱，保持教室整洁。） 8 rubbish bin 垃圾桶 1. There's a rubbish bin at the corner of every street in this neighborhood.（这个小区每条街的拐角都有一个垃圾桶。）2. The cleaner empties the rubbish bin outside our house every morning.（清洁工每天早上清空我们家外面的垃圾桶。） 9 recycling bin 回收箱 1. We should sort plastic bottles and paper into the recycling bin.（我们应把塑料瓶和纸分类放进回收箱。）2. The school provides recycling bins for different types of waste, like glass and metal.（学校为玻璃、金属等不同类型的垃圾提供回收箱。） 10 be considerate of sb. 替某人着想 1. She is always considerate of her roommates' sleep and never makes noise at night.（她总是替室友的睡眠着想，晚上从不吵闹。）2. We should be considerate of the elderly and offer them seats on the bus.（我们应替老人着想，在公交车上给他们让座。） 11 considerate behavior 体贴的行为 1. Helping others carry heavy bags is a considerate behavior.（帮别人提重包是体贴的行为。）2. His considerate behavior of remembering my birthday made me very happy.（他记得我生日，这种体贴的行为让我很开心。） 12 a considerate person 一个体贴的人 1. My best friend is a considerate person who always listens to my problems.（我最好的朋友是个体贴的人，总是倾听我的烦恼。）2. A considerate person will think about others' feelings before acting.（体贴的人做事前会考虑别人的感受。） 13 promote development 促进发展 1. Scientific and technological innovation can promote the development of the national economy.（科技创新能促进国家经济发展。）2. The government has launched policies to promote the development of rural areas.（政府出台政策促进农村地区发展。） 14 promote communication 增进交流 1. Cultural exchange activities can promote communication between people from different countries.（文化交流活动能增进不同国家人民之间的交流。）2. Regular family dinners help promote communication among family members.（定期的家庭晚餐有助于增进家庭成员之间的交流。） 15 promote health 促进健康 1. Regular exercise and a balanced diet can promote health.（规律运动和均衡饮食能促进健康。）2. This kind of herbal tea is said to promote digestion and health.（这种花草茶据说能促进消化和健康。） 16 clarify a problem 澄清一个问题 1. The teacher explained again to clarify the problem that confused the students.（老师再次讲解，澄清了让学生困惑的问题。）2. We need to hold a meeting to clarify the problem of project progress.（我们需要开个会，澄清项目进度的问题。） 17 clarify one's views 阐明某人的观点 1. He wrote an article to clarify his views on environmental protection.（他写了一篇文章，阐明自己对环保的观点。）2. During the debate, each speaker had 5 minutes to clarify their views.（辩论中，每位发言者有5分钟时间阐明自己的观点。） 18 clarify misunderstanding 澄清误解 1. They had a face-to-face talk to clarify the misunderstanding between them.（他们面对面交谈，澄清了彼此之间的误解。）2. A timely explanation can help clarify misunderstanding and avoid conflicts.（及时的解释有助于澄清误解，避免冲突。） 19 news headline 新闻标题 1. The news headline "Local Team Wins National Championship" caught my attention.（“本地球队赢得全国冠军”这个新闻标题吸引了我的注意。）2. Good news headlines should be concise and informative.（好的新闻标题应简洁且信息丰富。） 20 front-page headline 头版标题 1. The major event made the front-page headline of all local newspapers.（这件大事成为了所有地方报纸的头版标题。）2. The front-page headline of today's newspaper focuses on education reform.（今天报纸的头版标题聚焦教育改革。） 21 hit the headlines 成为头条新闻 1. The celebrity's sudden marriage hit the headlines of all entertainment magazines.（这位名人的突然结婚成为了所有娱乐杂志的头条新闻。）2. The discovery of a new species hit the headlines worldwide.（新物种的发现成为了全球头条新闻。） 22 max out a credit card 刷爆信用卡 1. He maxed out his credit card to buy a luxury watch and now has to pay high interest.（他刷爆信用卡买了一块豪华手表，现在要付高额利息。）2. It's unwise to max out a credit card just to satisfy temporary desires.（只为满足一时欲望而刷爆信用卡是不明智的。） 23 max out savings 花光积蓄 1. They maxed out their savings to buy their first house.（他们花光积蓄买了第一套房子。）2. Don't max out your savings on unnecessary things—keep some for emergencies.（别把积蓄花在不必要的东西上，留一些应急。） 24 never max out cards 不刷爆信用卡 1. His financial principle is to never max out cards and always pay bills on time.（他的财务原则是不刷爆信用卡，总是按时还款。）2. Parents should teach their children to never max out cards and manage money wisely.（父母应教孩子不刷爆信用卡，明智理财。） 25 in contrast to A, B... 与A相比，B…… 1. In contrast to the dry summer, this autumn is much rainier.（与干燥的夏天相比，今年秋天雨水多得多。）2. In contrast to his shy brother, he is very outgoing.（与他害羞的弟弟相比，他非常外向。） 26 in contrast to the past 与过去相比 1. In contrast to the past, people now have easier access to the Internet.（与过去相比，现在人们更容易接触到互联网。）2. In contrast to the past, environmental protection has become a global concern.（与过去相比，环保已成为全球关注的问题。） 27 in contrast to his brother 与他的兄弟相比 1. In contrast to his brother who likes sports, he prefers reading.（与喜欢运动的兄弟相比，他更喜欢读书。）2. In contrast to his brother's laziness, he is very hard-working.（与兄弟的懒惰相比，他非常勤奋。） 28 residential district 住宅区 1. We live in a quiet residential district with many green trees.（我们住在一个绿树成荫的安静住宅区。）2. There are two primary schools and a supermarket in this residential district.（这个住宅区有两所小学和一家超市。） 29 business district 商业区 1. The business district is crowded with people and cars during work hours.（工作时间里，商业区挤满了人和车。）2. Many international companies have their offices in the central business district.（许多跨国公司在中央商业区设有办公室。） 30 school district 学区 1. Children usually go to schools within their own school district.（孩子通常在自己学区内的学校上学。）2. The school district has announced plans to build a new high school next year.（该学区已宣布明年新建一所高中的计划。） 31 daily necessities 日用品 1. We need to buy daily necessities like toothpaste and soap every month.（我们每个月都需要买牙膏、肥皂等日用品。）2. The supermarket has a special section for daily necessities, making it easy to find what we need.（超市有专门的日用品区，方便我们找到需要的东西。） 32 basic necessities 基本必需品 1. Food, water and shelter are basic necessities for human survival.（食物、水和住所是人类生存的基本必需品。）2. The charity provides basic necessities to poor families in remote areas.（该慈善机构为偏远地区的贫困家庭提供基本必需品。） 33 meet one's necessities 满足某人的需求 1. This part-time job can meet his basic necessities like food and transportation.（这份兼职工作能满足他食物、交通等基本需求。）2. His salary is enough to meet his family's necessities and save a little.（他的工资足够满足家庭需求，还能存一点钱。） 34 a tube of toothpaste 一管牙膏 1. My mother bought a tube of mint-flavored toothpaste yesterday.（妈妈昨天买了一管薄荷味牙膏。）2. A tube of toothpaste can last my family about a month.（一管牙膏我们家大概能用一个月。） 35 buy toothpaste 买牙膏 1. I need to buy toothpaste on my way home—we're almost out of it.（我回家路上要买点牙膏，家里快用完了。）2. She likes to buy toothpaste with natural ingredients.（她喜欢买含有天然成分的牙膏。） 36 use toothpaste 用牙膏 1. We should use toothpaste to brush our teeth twice a day to keep them healthy.（我们应每天用牙膏刷两次牙，保持牙齿健康。）2. He forgot to use toothpaste this morning and felt his teeth were not clean.（他今天早上忘了用牙膏，感觉牙齿没刷干净。） 37 a bar of soap 一块肥皂 1. There's a bar of soap next to the sink for washing hands.（水槽旁边有一块洗手用的肥皂。）2. My grandmother gave me a bar of handmade soap as a gift.（奶奶送了我一块手工肥皂当礼物。） 38 laundry soap 洗衣皂 1. Laundry soap is more effective for washing heavy clothes like jeans.（洗衣皂洗牛仔裤等厚重衣物更有效。）2. We usually use laundry soap to wash clothes by hand.（我们通常用洗衣皂手洗衣服。） 39 use soap 用肥皂 1. Remember to use soap when washing your hands to kill bacteria.（洗手时记得用肥皂杀菌。）2. She uses soap to clean the dirty spots on the clothes before putting them in the washing machine.（她把衣服放进洗衣机前，先用肥皂清洗污渍。） 40 shopping item 购物商品 1. Milk and bread are essential shopping items for my family every week.（牛奶和面包是我们家每周必备的购物商品。）2. She checked each shopping item against the list to make sure she didn't forget anything.（她对照清单检查每样购物商品，确保没遗漏。） 41 list item 清单项目 1. "Buy a new notebook" is the last list item on my shopping list.（“买一本新笔记本”是我购物清单上的最后一个清单项目。）2. He crossed out each list item after completing it.（他完成一个清单项目就划掉一个。） 42 important item 重要物品 1. Passport and ID card are important items when traveling abroad.（护照和身份证是出国旅行时的重要物品。）2. Don't forget to take important items like your phone and keys when you go out.（出门时别忘带手机、钥匙等重要物品。） 43 unprecedentedly high 空前地高 1. The temperature this summer reached an unprecedentedly high level.（今年夏天的气温达到了空前地高的水平。）2. The number of online shoppers this year is unprecedentedly high compared to previous years.（今年网购人数比往年空前地高。） 44 unprecedentedly fast 空前地快 1. The development of 5G technology has made data transmission unprecedentedly fast.（5G技术的发展使数据传输速度空前地快。）2. The city's urban construction is progressing unprecedentedly fast.（这座城市的城市建设进展空前地快。） 45 grow unprecedentedly 空前地增长 1. The renewable energy industry has grown unprecedentedly in recent years.（近年来，可再生能源行业空前地增长。）2. The number of tourists visiting this small town has grown unprecedentedly since the new road was built.（新路建成后，来这个小镇的游客数量空前地增长。） 46 manage personal finances 管理个人财务 1. It's important for college students to learn to manage personal finances independently.（对大学生来说，学会独立管理个人财务很重要。）2. He uses a budgeting app to manage his personal finances.（他用一款预算APP管理个人财务。） 47 plan personal finances 规划个人财务 1. We should plan our personal finances at the beginning of each month to avoid overspending.（我们应在每月初规划个人财务，避免超支。）2. She consulted a financial advisor to help her plan her personal finances for retirement.（她咨询了财务顾问，帮她规划退休后的个人财务。） 48 improve personal finances 改善个人财务状况 1. He took a part-time job to improve his personal finances.（他找了份兼职工作来改善个人财务状况。）2. Cutting unnecessary expenses is an effective way to improve personal finances.（减少不必要的开支是改善个人财务状况的有效方法。） 49 a jar of jam 一罐果酱 1. My grandmother made a jar of strawberry jam last summer.（奶奶去年夏天做了一罐草莓果酱。）2. She spread a little of the jar of jam on her toast for breakfast.（她早餐时在吐司上抹了一点果酱。） 50 glass jar 玻璃罐 1. We can use a glass jar to store cookies to keep them crispy.（我们可以用玻璃罐储存饼干，保持酥脆。）2. She decorated the glass jar with ribbons and used it as a flower vase.（她用丝带装饰玻璃罐，把它当花瓶用。） 51 store in a jar 储存在罐子里 1. She likes to store homemade pickles in a jar.（她喜欢把自制的泡菜储存在罐子里。）2. Store the dried herbs in a jar in a cool, dry place.（把干香草储存在罐子里，放在阴凉干燥处。） 52 invest in sth. 投资于某物 1. Many people choose to invest in real estate for long-term returns.（很多人选择投资房地产获取长期收益。）2. He decided to invest in his education by taking professional courses.（他决定通过参加专业课程投资于自己的教育。） 53 invest in stocks 投资股票 1. Investing in stocks requires careful research and risk awareness.（投资股票需要仔细研究和风险意识。）2. His father has been investing in stocks for over 10 years.（他父亲投资股票已有10多年了。） 54 invest money 投资金钱 1. It's wise to invest money in different areas to reduce risks.（把钱投资在不同领域以降低风险是明智的。）2. She plans to invest some money in a mutual fund.（她计划把一部分钱投资在共同基金上。） 55 lifelong friend 终身朋友 1. We have been lifelong friends since we met in primary school.（我们从小学认识起就是终身朋友。）2. A lifelong friend will support you through both good and bad times.（终身朋友会在顺境和逆境中都支持你。） 56 lifelong learning 终身学习 1. Lifelong learning is necessary to keep up with the rapidly changing world.（终身学习对跟上快速变化的世界很有必要。）2. The government encourages lifelong learning by providing online courses for adults.（政府通过为成年人提供在线课程，鼓励终身学习。） 57 lifelong goal 终身目标 1. His lifelong goal is to help poor children get a good education.（他的终身目标是帮助贫困儿童获得良好的教育。）2. She has been working hard to achieve her lifelong goal of becoming a doctor.（她一直努力实现成为医生的终身目标。） 58 future vision 未来构想 1. The company's future vision is to become a leader in green technology.（该公司的未来构想是成为绿色科技领域的领导者。）2. The mayor shared his future vision for the city's development at the meeting.（市长在会议上分享了他对城市发展的未来构想。） 59 strategic vision 战略构想 1. A good leader needs to have a clear strategic vision for the team's development.（优秀的领导者需要对团队发展有清晰的战略构想。）2. The company's new CEO brought a new strategic vision to expand into international markets.（公司新CEO带来了开拓国际市场的新战略构想。） 60 share one's vision 分享某人的构想 1. He shared his vision of building a community library with his neighbors.（他和邻居分享了建社区图书馆的构想。）2. The manager held a meeting to share his vision and inspire the team.（经理开了个会，分享自己的构想并激励团队。） 61 do likewise 照样做 1. He helped the old lady cross the street, and I decided to do likewise.（他帮老太太过马路，我决定照样做。）2. If everyone does likewise and saves water, we can protect this precious resource.（如果每个人都照样节水，我们就能保护这一宝贵资源。） 62 likewise, we should... 同样，我们应该…… 1. We need to protect the environment; likewise, we should encourage others to do so.（我们需要保护环境；同样，我们应该鼓励别人也这么做。）2. He studies hard every day; likewise, we should focus on our own studies.（他每天都努力学习；同样，我们应该专注于自己的学习。） 63 think likewise 有同样的想法 1. I think we should postpone the meeting, and it seems my colleagues think likewise.（我认为我们应该推迟会议，而且同事们似乎也有同样的想法。）2. She and I think likewise about the importance of teamwork.（她和我对团队合作的重要性有同样的想法。） 64 judge objectively 客观判断 1. We should judge the matter objectively based on facts, not personal feelings.（我们应根据事实客观判断这件事，而非个人情感。）2. It's difficult to judge objectively when you are too involved in the situation.（当你过于卷入局势时，很难客观判断。） 65 analyze objectively 客观分析 1. The report analyzes the problem objectively and puts forward practical solutions.（该报告客观分析了问题，并提出了切实可行的解决方案。）2. We need to collect enough data to analyze the market objectively.（我们需要收集足够的数据，客观分析市场。） 66 view objectively 客观看待 1. We should view our own strengths and weaknesses objectively.（我们应客观看待自己的优点和缺点。）2. It's important to view the results of the exam objectively—don't be too happy or too sad.（客观看待考试结果很重要，别太得意也别太沮丧。） 67 equip sb. with sth. 用某物武装某人 1. Schools should equip students with practical skills for their future careers.（学校应使学生具备未来职业所需的实践技能。）2. His parents equipped him with a strong sense of responsibility from an early age.（他父母从小就使他具备强烈的责任感。） 68 equip students with skills 使学生具备技能 1. This training program is designed to equip students with computer skills.（该培训项目旨在使学生具备计算机技能。）2. The school offers various courses to equip students with different skills.（学校提供多种课程，使学生具备不同技能。） 69 equip for sth. 为某事做准备 1. We need to equip ourselves for the challenges ahead.（我们需要为未来的挑战做准备。）2. The team has been training hard to equip for the upcoming competition.（团队一直在刻苦训练，为即将到来的比赛做准备。） 70 hammer a nail 钉钉子 1. My father used a hammer to hammer a nail into the wall to hang a picture.（爸爸用锤子往墙上钉钉子挂画。）2. Be careful when you hammer a nail—don't hit your fingers.（钉钉子时要小心，别砸到手指。） 71 an iron nail 一颗铁钉 1. He picked up an iron nail from the ground and threw it into the trash.（他从地上捡起一颗铁钉，扔进了垃圾桶。）2. An iron nail will rust if it is left in the rain for a long time.（铁钉长时间放在雨中会生锈。） 72 pull out a nail 拔钉子 1. He used a pair of pliers to pull out the rusty nail from the wood.（他用钳子从木头里拔出生锈的钉子。）2. It's hard to pull out the nail because it's deeply stuck in the wall.（这颗钉子深深嵌在墙里，很难拔出来。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $