专题03 被动语态（期中复习讲义）高一英语上学期上海通用

专题03 被动语态（期中复习讲义） 考点要求 考察形式 近年考题 （1）必考形式：一般现在/过去/将来、现在/过去进行、现在/过去完成、过去将来及被动语态。 （2）高频难点：现在完成进行时、过去完成时、主谓一致与被动语态的叠加。 （3）题型对应： • 语法填空（有提示词）——直接考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。 • 中译英翻译——要求根据中文时间词和主被动关系准确转换。 语法填空题 句子翻译题 2023上海秋考 Once upon a time , in the heart of Africa, there was a king who (2l) __________( know )for his wisdom and courage, His name was Mosi, meaning "smoke" in his native tongue. 【答案】21.was known 【解析】考查被动语态。分析句子结构，此句为there be句型，主句谓语动词是 was。Who..and courage为who引导的定语从句，空格处为从句的谓语动词，此处意为!“被人们所知道”，be known for意为“因……而出名”，而且主句中的谓语为一般过去时,所以应该填 was known。 2023上海春考 As the name(26)__________ (imply), Advisers are there to advise: they do not run the companies. Normally, three Advisers-one on accountancy, one on production and one on marketing,(27)__________ ( be ) available to each company. Young Enterprise makes it a rule that the Advisers must come from a variety of business occupations. 【答案】26. implies 27. are/will be/have been 【解析】 26. implies 考查一般现在时。根据句子结构和语境，这里用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式"implies"，表示"意味着"。根据原文句子结构和语境判断。 27. are/will be/have been 考查时态。根据句子结构，主语three Advisers后面的破折号是解释说明，判定空格处动词be是句子的谓语部分，再结合句意可知此处为主系表结构，而且“be available to”表示“可用于……，……可利用或得到的”，Advisers是复数，故填入are/will be/ have been。句意：通常，每家公司都有三名顾问，一名会计顾问、一名生产顾问和一名营销顾问。 考情分析： 一、高频时态 1.现在完成时：2022 年上海卷翻译题考查 “他已经几十年没见过如此壮观的日出”（hasn't seen）。 2.一般过去时：2023 年语法填空涉及 “featured”“were permitted” 等过去时用法。 3.被动语态结合时态：如 2022 年上海卷语法填空 “is known”（一般现在时被动）。 二、命题特点 1.语境依赖性增强：如 2024 年春考语法语篇通过祖孙故事考查时态，需结合上下文判断动作先后。 2.复杂时态偶现：如现在完成进行时（have been doing）需储备基础用法。 复习目标： 1. 熟练掌握时态语态的基本用法； 2. 掌握掌握 “时间状语→上下文→逻辑关系” 三级判断法，避免机械套用公式； 3. 强化在复杂语境中及句子翻译中时态语态的灵活运用。 两个进行时被动语态 知识点01 现在进行时的被动语态 现在进行时的被动语态由“be being＋及物动词的过去分词”构成, 助动词be有人称和数的变化(am, is are ). 1. 表示此刻正在进行的被动动作。   The project is being discussed at the meeting.   A new film is being shown in the theater.   My house is being painted now.  2. 表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作，但此动作不一定在此时此刻发生。   Many interesting experiences are being carried out these days.   A modern school is being built in our hometown. A computer center is being built for the students? 3. 表示经常的被动行为，常和always, often, constantly 等词连用。(表达某种感情色彩)   He is always being praised by the teacher. 一). 注意不可遗漏being 现在进行时的被动语态表示说话时正在进行的一个被动的动作,强调主语是动作的承受者,其构成为“am / is / are + being+动词的过去分词”。如果我们把being漏掉,就成为一般现在时的被动语态或系表结构。 如: Look! The children are being taken care of by their aunt. 瞧!那些孩子正由他们的姑妈照看着。 区别：Children are taken good care of at school. 孩子们在学校被照看得很好。(指通常情况) 二). 注意不可忽视 “现阶段” 现在进行时的被动语态也可表示目前这一阶段正在进行的一个被动的动作。 如: Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days. 如今许多有趣的实验正在被进行着。(说话时, 并不一定在进行) 三）. 注意没有现在进行时的被动语态的动词 一些表示“状态、心理活动、拥有、存在”等的动词, 一般不用现在进行时的被动语态, 而常用一般现在时的被动语态。如: Xiao Wang, come here. You are wanted on the phone. 小王, 过来, 有你的电话。 Football is becoming more and more popular. In other words, it is loved by more and more people. 足球现在越来越流行了, 换句话说,它被越来越多的人喜爱。 4) . 注意“be +under/ in等介词+名词”结构可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。 如: The problem is under discussion (is being discussed) at the meeting. 这个问题正在会上讨论。 The telephone is in use (=is being used) now. 这部电话正在使用中。 知识点02 过去进行时的被动语态 1. 过去进行时的被动语态构成： (1) was/were being done（肯定句） (2) was/were not being done。（否定句） (3) was/were +主语+ being done（一般疑问句） (4) 疑问词+was/were+主语+being done（特殊疑问句） 2. 过去进行时的被动语态的用法 表示过去某一特定时间某事正在被做。 The college was being built at this time last year. 去年这个时候这所大学正在建设中。 The room was being cleaned by him at nine yesterday morning. 昨天早上九点他正在打扫房间。 Another bridge was being built over the Changjiang River then. 那时长江上正在建造另一座大桥。 【即时检测】 练习一、 1. New functions _________________ (add)to the camera at present. 2. Many speeches _________________ (hold) in our school these days. 3. I don’t know what time it is now. My watch _________________ (repair) 4. A new stadium ___________________ (build). They hope to finish it next month. 5. --- Do you like the material? -- Yes, it ____________ (feel) very soft. 6. The bridge which ______________ (build) last year ____________ (look) beautiful. 7. The camera you _______________ (use) now ______________ (belong) to me. 8. One third of the class ___________________ (question) by the teachers now. 9.  ---- What’s that noise? ---- Oh, I forgot to tell you.  The new machine _______________ (test). 10. Look! The foreign guests ____________________ (show) around the factory by Mr. Zhang.     练习二、 1．The students’ attention (fix) on their study when all the lights went out. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．It was so noisy that I couldn’t hear what (say) on the phone. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．Dinner (serve) when the plane hit turbulence (气流). (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．I always felt like I (watch). (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．The tennis court (use) at 3 p.m. yesterday so we couldn’t play. (所给词的适当形式填空) 解｜题｜技｜巧 1. 先判断空格是否为谓语动词（排除非谓语动词情况）； 2. 找时间线索（时间状语或上下文时态），锁定可能的时态（如看到 “in 2023” 优先考虑一般过去时）； 3. 分析主语与动作的关系：若主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态（注意时态 + 被动的结合，如一般过去时被动为 “was/were + 过去分词”）； 4. 验证时态一致性（确保与上下文逻辑或时间线匹配，避免时态冲突）。 其它被动语态复习 知识点01、被动语态的构成形式 被动语态由“be＋过去分词”构成，be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。被动语态的构成形式还有：get/become＋过去分词。各种时态的被动语态形式如下： 　　形式 时间　　 一般式 进行式 完成式 现在 am/ is/ are done am/ is/are being done have/has been done 过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done 将来 shall/will be done shall/will have been done 被动语态的使用场合：(1)不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时；(2)强调动作的承受者时。 It is reported that a space station will be built on the moon in years to come. 据报道，一个空间站将在未来的几年内在月球上被建成。 In my hometown，there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat has been cut. 在我的家乡，所有的麦子被收割后，总是要给农民们准备一顿收获的晚餐。 With many forests being destroyed，huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year. 因为许多森林被毁，每年大量肥沃的泥土被冲走。 知识点02、get构成的表示被动的短语：get paid/lost/hurt等 While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted，Henry did his best to perform his duty. 在等待机会被提拔期间，亨利尽量履行好自己的职责。 We get paid by the week. 我们按周获得薪酬。 知识点03、主动形式表示被动意义 （1）．在need，want，require，deserve，bear等动词、worth等形容词的后面，动名词主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。 The house needs repairing/to be repaired. 这房子需要修理。 （2）．be to rent/blame/let主动形式表被动意义。 Who is to blame for the mistake? 谁应为此错误接受谴责？ The house is to let. 此房出租。 （3）．“系动词feel，sound，taste，look，smell，appear，seem，turn，stay，become，get，grow，keep等＋形容词/名词”构成系表结构，常常以主动形式表示被动意义。 This kind of wool shirt feels soft and sells well. 这种羊毛衫摸起来很软，卖得很好。 （4）．当sell，read，cut，wash，write，open，wear，run，burn等不及物动词后带状语(well/easily等)修饰，用来表示主语内在的品质或性能时用主动形式表示被动含义。 Have you bought the book that sells well these days? I think it is suitable for us teenagers. 你买最近销售很好的那本书了吗？我认为它非常适合我们青少年。 知识点04、含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。 如：我们在三天之内能完成工作。 We can finish the work in three days. The work can be finished by us in three days. 你应该把你的书收好。 You ought to put your books away. Your books ought to be put away. 【即时检测】 一、单选 1．—A fashion show _______ in our school hall next week. —Great! I’m looking forward to it! A．holds B．is held C．was held D．will be held 2．When I was a pupil, some of my pocket money ________ to buy comic books. A．use B．is used C．used D．was used 3．The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese character. It ________ by people of all ages. A．is loved B．was loved C．will love D．is loving 4．To make the environment much better, more trees ________ next year. A．plant B．will plant C．are planted D．will be planted 5.A lot of teenagers think as they are older and wiser, they　　　to make their own decisions.  A.should allow　　 B.shouldn’t allow C.should be allowed　 D.shouldn’t be allowed 二、语法填空 1．When fat and salt (remove) from food, the food tastes tasteless. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．The valley (dot) with cherry blossom trees every spring, turning the landscape pink. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．It (announce) that a high official will come to our college to inspect us. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．The magazine has been popular among teenagers since it (publish) five years ago. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．Yesterday, the child (forgive) for breaking the vase because he apologized sincerely. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．After graduation from college, he (award) a scholarship to do research. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．A big library (build) in our city next year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．Teachers will never (replace) by computers in class. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．Do you think paper money (replace) by electronic money in the future. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．Over the past decades, great efforts (make) to save giant pandas. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11．Every possible means (try) to save the endangered species so far. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12．Jan’s life (improve) by the Internet so far. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13．When I got to the theatre, I found that the tickets (sell out) and I didn’t get one. （所给词的适当形式填空） 14．The new suspension bridge (complete) by the end of last month. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15．It is important that our drinking water should (protect) from being polluted. (所给词的适当形式填空) 16．The beauty of the views couldn’t (imagine) and they left me with many great memories. (所给词的适当形式填空) 17．They promised that these fine traditions (protect) for generation to come. (所给词的适当形式填空) 18．He told me his novels ____________ (finish) in a few months. 19．He said that a new school (build) near this village soon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 20．When people (prevent) from communicating with others, they will experience anxiety and stress. (所给词的适当形式填空) 易｜错｜点｜拨 (1)有些及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有：have有；cost花费；lack缺少；own拥有；belong to属于；take part in参加。 (2)不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有：happen/take place/occur发生；remain剩下；break out爆发；last持续；come out出版；come up被提出；lose heart失去信心；date from/back to追溯到；run out用完。 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 一、语法填空 1．Look! The guests (show) around the factory. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．More new technologies (apply) in the field of IT at present. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．We are now living in a fast-developing society and our life conditions (improve) day by day. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 4．Weight training classes, for example, (design) and will be added to our programme soon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．The site (develop) by a French company at present. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．There was a lot of noise outside because repair work (do) to the house at that time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．The house (paint) white when I was there. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．When I went to pay him a visit in the hospital, he (examine) by the doctor. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．What (discuss) during this time at meeting yesterday? (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．The lost girl (look) for everywhere by her parents and policemen when she suddenly appeared in the park. (所给词的适当形式填空) 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 句子翻译题 (注意动词的时态语态) 1. 等他明年回来，这个体育馆就建好了。(by the time) 2. 在过去的十年中，这个地区发生了翻天覆地的变化。 3. 当他到学校时，他意识到他把作业忘在家里了。 4. 应该鼓励学生将课堂上所学的知识用于实践中去。 5. 很多年前，人们不知道人口问题将是个大问题。   易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 1．—What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community? —Wonderful. A lot of useful advice on self-protection____________. A．is offered B．are offered C．was offered D．were offered 2．45,000 mu of wheat ________ smoothly in Gaochun District last month, forming a busy harvest scene. A．harvests B．harvested C．is harvested D．was harvested 3．—It’s a pity! A music fan like you didn’t go to Nantong Music Festival. —I knew it ________ several weeks ago. But I was on business. A．is held B．will be held C．was held D．held 4．A lot of trees ________ last spring, so we can see more green this year. A．plant B．are planted C．planted D．were planted 5．Robot dogs _________ as volunteers for the first time during the 2023 Asian Games. A．use B．used C．are used D．were used 6．When I was a pupil, some of my pocket money ________ to buy comic books. A．use B．is used C．used D．was used 7．The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese character. It ________ by people of all ages. A．is loved B．was loved C．will love D．is loving 8．To make the environment much better, more trees ________ next year. A．plant B．will plant C．are planted D．will be planted 9．—Mum, I ________ the living room already. —Good job! It is so tidy now. A．have cleaned B．will clean C．am cleaning D．clean 10．So far, some of the dialects (方言) ________ in use for thousands of years. They are full of local color. A．were B．are C．have been D．will be 链接高考（测试时间：15分钟） （时态语态） 2023上海秋考 Once upon a time , in the heart of Africa, there was a king who (2l) __________( know )for his wisdom and courage, His name was Mosi, meaning "smoke" in his native tongue. 2023上海春考 As the name(26)__________ (imply), Advisers are there to advise: they do not run the companies. Normally, three Advisers-one on accountancy, one on production and one on marketing,(27)__________ ( be ) available to each company. Young Enterprise makes it a rule that the Advisers must come from a variety of business occupations. 2022上海秋考 Question: How would you describe an entrepreneur? Answer: An individual who establishes and expands their own company through innovative strategies(23)______(know) as an entrepreneur During the expansion of their companies, entrepreneurs are responsible for several important tasks in addition to cash generation. An entrepreneur perceives a commercial need in their society, (24) ________ (develop)an idea for a business, and then takes the initiative to start their firm .......... 2022年春考 We do not think that his ever happened before 1859, and we know that it (24)________ (not happen) since then. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 被动语态（期中复习讲义） 考点要求 考察形式 近年考题 （1）必考形式：一般现在/过去/将来、现在/过去进行、现在/过去完成、过去将来及被动语态。 （2）高频难点：现在完成进行时、过去完成时、主谓一致与被动语态的叠加。 （3）题型对应： • 语法填空（有提示词）——直接考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。 • 中译英翻译——要求根据中文时间词和主被动关系准确转换。 语法填空题 句子翻译题 2023上海秋考 Once upon a time , in the heart of Africa, there was a king who (2l) __________( know )for his wisdom and courage, His name was Mosi, meaning "smoke" in his native tongue. 【答案】21.was known 【解析】考查被动语态。分析句子结构，此句为there be句型，主句谓语动词是 was。Who..and courage为who引导的定语从句，空格处为从句的谓语动词，此处意为!“被人们所知道”，be known for意为“因……而出名”，而且主句中的谓语为一般过去时,所以应该填 was known。 2023上海春考 As the name(26)__________ (imply), Advisers are there to advise: they do not run the companies. Normally, three Advisers-one on accountancy, one on production and one on marketing,(27)__________ ( be ) available to each company. Young Enterprise makes it a rule that the Advisers must come from a variety of business occupations. 【答案】26. implies 27. are/will be/have been 【解析】 26. implies 考查一般现在时。根据句子结构和语境，这里用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式"implies"，表示"意味着"。根据原文句子结构和语境判断。 27. are/will be/have been 考查时态。根据句子结构，主语three Advisers后面的破折号是解释说明，判定空格处动词be是句子的谓语部分，再结合句意可知此处为主系表结构，而且“be available to”表示“可用于……，……可利用或得到的”，Advisers是复数，故填入are/will be/ have been。句意：通常，每家公司都有三名顾问，一名会计顾问、一名生产顾问和一名营销顾问。 2022上海秋考 Question: How would you describe an entrepreneur? Answer: An individual who establishes and expands their own company through innovative strategies(23)______(know) as an entrepreneur During the expansion of their companies, entrepreneurs are responsible for several important tasks in addition to cash generation. An entrepreneur perceives a commercial need in their society, (24) ________ (develop)an idea for a business, and then takes the initiative to start their firm .......... 【答案】 23 is known 24 develops 【解析】23.is known 考查一般现在时的被动。结合问题"How Would You Describe An Entrepreneur?(你如何描述企业家?)"可知这个回答是在为企业家下定义，此处应为固定搭配“be known as”(被称为:被认为是...)，根据“An individual"可知此处的be动词是单数的，文章的时态为一般现在时，而且根据句子主语 individual后的 who 引导的定语从句，空格处的动词为谓语动词。故填入 is known。句意:通过创新战略建立并扩大自己公司的人被称为企业家。 【解析】24.develops 考查一般现在时。此句的主语是 An entrepreneur，该空是一个谓语动词,且与前面的 perceives 并列，时态还是一般现在时，故填入 develops。句意:企业家在他们的社会中发现了商业需求，发展出了一个商业想法，然后主动创办了自己的公司。此空的陷阴主谱后面的空格处动词，惯性思维理解为非谓语结构。实际这个句子看完才发现是并列谓语结构。此题的失分较多，很多同学们会填写 developing:事实上是 develops。 2022年春考 We do not think that his ever happened before 1859, and we know that it (24)________ (not happen) since then. 【答案】 24,has not happened 【解析】考查现在完成时的否定结构。此处的宾语从句缺谓语动词，结合“since”可知此处的时态为现在完成时，故填入 has not happened。句意:我们不认为这种情况在 1859 年以前发生过，我们知道从那以后也没有发生过。 考情分析： 一、高频时态 1.现在完成时：2022 年上海卷翻译题考查 “他已经几十年没见过如此壮观的日出”（hasn't seen）。 2.一般过去时：2023 年语法填空涉及 “featured”“were permitted” 等过去时用法。 3.被动语态结合时态：如 2022 年上海卷语法填空 “is known”（一般现在时被动）。 二、命题特点 1.语境依赖性增强：如 2024 年春考语法语篇通过祖孙故事考查时态，需结合上下文判断动作先后。 2.复杂时态偶现：如现在完成进行时（have been doing）需储备基础用法。 复习目标： 1. 熟练掌握时态语态的基本用法； 2. 掌握掌握 “时间状语→上下文→逻辑关系” 三级判断法，避免机械套用公式； 3. 强化在复杂语境中及句子翻译中时态语态的灵活运用。 两个进行时被动语态 知识点01 现在进行时的被动语态 现在进行时的被动语态由“be being＋及物动词的过去分词”构成, 助动词be有人称和数的变化(am, is are ). 1. 表示此刻正在进行的被动动作。   The project is being discussed at the meeting.   A new film is being shown in the theater.   My house is being painted now.  2. 表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作，但此动作不一定在此时此刻发生。   Many interesting experiences are being carried out these days.   A modern school is being built in our hometown. A computer center is being built for the students? 3. 表示经常的被动行为，常和always, often, constantly 等词连用。(表达某种感情色彩)   He is always being praised by the teacher. 一). 注意不可遗漏being 现在进行时的被动语态表示说话时正在进行的一个被动的动作,强调主语是动作的承受者,其构成为“am / is / are + being+动词的过去分词”。如果我们把being漏掉,就成为一般现在时的被动语态或系表结构。 如: Look! The children are being taken care of by their aunt. 瞧!那些孩子正由他们的姑妈照看着。 区别：Children are taken good care of at school. 孩子们在学校被照看得很好。(指通常情况) 二). 注意不可忽视 “现阶段” 现在进行时的被动语态也可表示目前这一阶段正在进行的一个被动的动作。 如: Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days. 如今许多有趣的实验正在被进行着。(说话时, 并不一定在进行) 三）. 注意没有现在进行时的被动语态的动词 一些表示“状态、心理活动、拥有、存在”等的动词, 一般不用现在进行时的被动语态, 而常用一般现在时的被动语态。如: Xiao Wang, come here. You are wanted on the phone. 小王, 过来, 有你的电话。 Football is becoming more and more popular. In other words, it is loved by more and more people. 足球现在越来越流行了, 换句话说,它被越来越多的人喜爱。 4) . 注意“be +under/ in等介词+名词”结构可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。 如: The problem is under discussion (is being discussed) at the meeting. 这个问题正在会上讨论。 The telephone is in use (=is being used) now. 这部电话正在使用中。 知识点02 过去进行时的被动语态 1. 过去进行时的被动语态构成： (1) was/were being done（肯定句） (2) was/were not being done。（否定句） (3) was/were +主语+ being done（一般疑问句） (4) 疑问词+was/were+主语+being done（特殊疑问句） 2. 过去进行时的被动语态的用法 表示过去某一特定时间某事正在被做。 The college was being built at this time last year. 去年这个时候这所大学正在建设中。 The room was being cleaned by him at nine yesterday morning. 昨天早上九点他正在打扫房间。 Another bridge was being built over the Changjiang River then. 那时长江上正在建造另一座大桥。 【即时检测】 练习一、 1. New functions _________________ (add)to the camera at present. 2. Many speeches _________________ (hold) in our school these days. 3. I don’t know what time it is now. My watch _________________ (repair) 4. A new stadium ___________________ (build). They hope to finish it next month. 5. --- Do you like the material? -- Yes, it ____________ (feel) very soft. 6. The bridge which ______________ (build) last year ____________ (look) beautiful. 7. The camera you _______________ (use) now ______________ (belong) to me. 8. One third of the class ___________________ (question) by the teachers now. 9.  ---- What’s that noise? ---- Oh, I forgot to tell you.  The new machine _______________ (test). 10. Look! The foreign guests ____________________ (show) around the factory by Mr. Zhang.     Keys： 1. are being added 2. are being held 3 is being repaired. 4. is being built 5. feels 6. was built looks 7. are using belongs 8. are being questioned 9.  is being tested  10. are being shown 练习二、 1．The students’ attention (fix) on their study when all the lights went out. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being fixed 【详解】考查时态和语态：句意：当所有的灯都熄灭时，学生们的注意力正集中在学习上。动词fix和主语之间是被动关系，根据句意可知，应用过去进行时的被动语态，表示过去某时正在进行的动作，和when构成固定句型。主谓一致，故填was being fixed。 2．It was so noisy that I couldn’t hear what (say) on the phone. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being said 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：太吵了，我听不清电话里在说什么。根据句意可知，what引导的宾语从句表示过去正在发生的事情，时态使用过去进行时，且主语what与动词say“说”为被动关系，故用过去进行时的被动语态，且主语what为第三人称单数，故be动词用was。故填was being said。 3．Dinner (serve) when the plane hit turbulence (气流). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being served 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：飞机遇到气流时，正在供应晚餐。根据when the plane hit turbulence可知，主句描述的事情表示过去正在发生，时态使用过去进行时，且主语Dinner与动词serve“端上”为被动关系，故用过去进行时的被动语态，且主语Dinner为第三人称单数，故be动词用was。故填was being served。 4．I always felt like I (watch). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being watched 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：我总觉得自己被监视着。此处主语与谓语构成被动，且表示过去正在进行的被动动作，用过去进行时的被动语态。故填was being watched。 5．The tennis court (use) at 3 p.m. yesterday so we couldn’t play. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being used 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：昨天下午三点网球场正在使用，所以我们没能打球。根据时间状语“at 3 p.m. yesterday”可知此句表示过去某一时间正在发生或进行的动作，The tennis court与动词use之间为被动关系，因此此句谓语动用过去进行时的被动语态，The tennis court作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填was being used。 解｜题｜技｜巧 1. 先判断空格是否为谓语动词（排除非谓语动词情况）； 2. 找时间线索（时间状语或上下文时态），锁定可能的时态（如看到 “in 2023” 优先考虑一般过去时）； 3. 分析主语与动作的关系：若主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态（注意时态 + 被动的结合，如一般过去时被动为 “was/were + 过去分词”）； 4. 验证时态一致性（确保与上下文逻辑或时间线匹配，避免时态冲突）。 其它被动语态复习 知识点01、被动语态的构成形式 被动语态由“be＋过去分词”构成，be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。被动语态的构成形式还有：get/become＋过去分词。各种时态的被动语态形式如下： 　　形式 时间　　 一般式 进行式 完成式 现在 am/ is/ are done am/ is/are being done have/has been done 过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done 将来 shall/will be done shall/will have been done 被动语态的使用场合：(1)不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时；(2)强调动作的承受者时。 It is reported that a space station will be built on the moon in years to come. 据报道，一个空间站将在未来的几年内在月球上被建成。 In my hometown，there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat has been cut. 在我的家乡，所有的麦子被收割后，总是要给农民们准备一顿收获的晚餐。 With many forests being destroyed，huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year. 因为许多森林被毁，每年大量肥沃的泥土被冲走。 知识点02、get构成的表示被动的短语：get paid/lost/hurt等 While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted，Henry did his best to perform his duty. 在等待机会被提拔期间，亨利尽量履行好自己的职责。 We get paid by the week. 我们按周获得薪酬。 知识点03、主动形式表示被动意义 （1）．在need，want，require，deserve，bear等动词、worth等形容词的后面，动名词主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。 The house needs repairing/to be repaired. 这房子需要修理。 （2）．be to rent/blame/let主动形式表被动意义。 Who is to blame for the mistake? 谁应为此错误接受谴责？ The house is to let. 此房出租。 （3）．“系动词feel，sound，taste，look，smell，appear，seem，turn，stay，become，get，grow，keep等＋形容词/名词”构成系表结构，常常以主动形式表示被动意义。 This kind of wool shirt feels soft and sells well. 这种羊毛衫摸起来很软，卖得很好。 （4）．当sell，read，cut，wash，write，open，wear，run，burn等不及物动词后带状语(well/easily等)修饰，用来表示主语内在的品质或性能时用主动形式表示被动含义。 Have you bought the book that sells well these days? I think it is suitable for us teenagers. 你买最近销售很好的那本书了吗？我认为它非常适合我们青少年。 知识点04、含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。 如：我们在三天之内能完成工作。 We can finish the work in three days. The work can be finished by us in three days. 你应该把你的书收好。 You ought to put your books away. Your books ought to be put away. 【即时检测】 一、单选 1．—A fashion show _______ in our school hall next week. —Great! I’m looking forward to it! A．holds B．is held C．was held D．will be held 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——下周我们学校大礼堂将举办一场时装秀。——太棒了！我很期待。 考查时态和语态。主语A fashion show和谓语hold之间是被动关系，根据“next week”可知此处用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故选D。 2．When I was a pupil, some of my pocket money ________ to buy comic books. A．use B．is used C．used D．was used 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我还是个学生的时候，我的一些零花钱被用来买漫画书。 考查被动语态。分析题干可知，主语pocket money和动词use之间是被动关系，结合“When I was a pupil”可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选D。 3．The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese character. It ________ by people of all ages. A．is loved B．was loved C．will love D．is loving 【答案】A 【详解】句意：孙悟空是中国的一个传统人物。它受到所有年龄段的人的喜爱。 考查被动语态及动词时态。根据“by”可知，此处是被动语态，指孙悟空被人们喜爱。本句陈述事实，故为一般现在时。故选A。 4．To make the environment much better, more trees ________ next year. A．plant B．will plant C．are planted D．will be planted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为了使环境更好，明年将种植更多的树。 考查一般将来时被动语态。主语more trees与动词plant之间被动关系，结合next year可知，此处用一般将来时被动语态will be done的结构，故选D。 5.A lot of teenagers think as they are older and wiser, they　　　to make their own decisions.  A.should allow　　 B.shouldn’t allow C.should be allowed　 D.shouldn’t be allowed 答案　C　考查被动语态。含情态动词的被动语态的结构是“情态动词+be+动词的过去分词”,且根据语境“很多青少年认为随着他们长大而且更聪明了”可知,此处表达“他们应该被允许自己做决定”。 二、语法填空 1．When fat and salt (remove) from food, the food tastes tasteless. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】are removed 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：把脂肪和盐从食物中去掉后，食物就无味了。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，remove作从句谓语，和主语fat and salt之间是被动关系，描述客观状态，用一般现在时，主语为复数。故填are removed。 2．The valley (dot) with cherry blossom trees every spring, turning the landscape pink. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is dotted 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：每年春天，山谷里点缀着樱花树，把景色变成了粉红色。空处作句子的谓语，dot“点缀”和主语The valley之间是被动关系，且由every spring可知，句子应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词应用is。故填is dotted。 3．It (announce) that a high official will come to our college to inspect us. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is announced 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：有消息说一位高级官员要来我们学院视察。It是形式主语，that引导的主语从句是真正的主语，和announce之间是被动关系，且主句是描述现在的情况，使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，be动词使用is，故填is announced。 4．The magazine has been popular among teenagers since it (publish) five years ago. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was published 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：这本杂志自五年前出版以来，在青少年中一直很受欢迎。空处为从句的谓语动词。根据时间状语five years ago可知，从句谓语动词应使用一般过去时；又因主语it（指代magazine）与publish之间为被动关系，故应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was published。   5．Yesterday, the child (forgive) for breaking the vase because he apologized sincerely. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was forgiven 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：昨天，那个孩子打破花瓶的行为被原谅了，因为他真诚地道歉了。根据“Yesterday”可知。本句为一般过去时。the child与forgive为被动关系，所以本句为一般过去时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填was forgiven。 6．After graduation from college, he (award) a scholarship to do research. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was awarded 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：大学毕业后，他获得了一份奖学金来做研究。空处缺少谓语动词，且和主语he之间为被动关系，表示“被授予”，所以此处应用被动语态，且句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语he为第三人称单数，be动词应用was，award的过去分词为awarded。故填was awarded。 7．A big library (build) in our city next year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】will be built 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：明年我们市将建一座大图书馆。根据时间状语“next year”可知，句子的时态为一般将来时。又因为句子的主语“A big library”和谓语动词“build”之间是被动关系，即图书馆是被建造的，所以要用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be built。 8．Teachers will never (replace) by computers in class. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】be replaced 【详解】考查语态。句意：老师在课堂上永远不会被电脑取代。主语Teachers与谓语replace构成被动关系，结合will可知为一般将来时的被动语态。故填be replaced。 9．Do you think paper money (replace) by electronic money in the future. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】will be replaced 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：你认为纸币将来会被电子货币取代吗？paper money与replace之间是被动关系，根据时间状语“in the future”可知，此处使用一般将来时态的被动语态结构will be replaced。故填will be replaced。 10．Over the past decades, great efforts (make) to save giant pandas. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been made 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：在过去的几十年里，人们为拯救大熊猫付出了巨大的努力。根据时间状语“Over the past decades”可知，此处为现在完成时，great efforts和make为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，助动词用have。故填have been made。 11．Every possible means (try) to save the endangered species so far. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been tried 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，每一种可能的方法都已经被用来拯救濒危物种。这里考查谓语动词，主语Every possible means与try之间是被动关系，再由so far可知，这里时态应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语Every possible means为第三人称单数形式。故填has been tried。 12．Jan’s life (improve) by the Internet so far. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been improved 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，互联网已经改善了简的生活。根据时间状语so far可知，句子时态应用现在完成时，主语Jan’s life与improve之间为被动关系，句子应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语Jan’s life为单数概念，助动词应用has。故填has been improved。 13．When I got to the theatre, I found that the tickets (sell out) and I didn’t get one. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】had been sold out 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：当我到达剧院时，我发现票已经卖完了，我没有买到。根据上文When I got to the theatre和句意可知，sell out“卖完”发生在got to“到达”之前，that引导的宾语从句时态用过去完成时，从句中：主语tickets与谓语sell构成被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been sold out。 14．The new suspension bridge (complete) by the end of last month. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had been completed 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：新的悬索桥已于上月底完工。此处为谓语动词，根据by the end of last month.可知，此处使用过去完成时态，complete与主语bridge之间是被动关系，所以此处使用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been completed。 15．It is important that our drinking water should (protect) from being polluted. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】be protected 【详解】考查名词性从句的虚拟语气。句意：保护我们的饮用水免受污染是很重要的。这个句子属于“it is adj. that...”类型的主语从句，其从句部分应该使用should do的虚拟语气。分析句意可知，水资源应该是受到保护的，应该使用被动语态。故答案填be protected。 16．The beauty of the views couldn’t (imagine) and they left me with many great memories. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】be imagined 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：景色的美丽无法想象，它们给我留下了许多美好的回忆。imagine和主语The beauty of the views之间是被动关系，用被动语态，空前是情态动词，空处应填动词原形。故填be imagined。 17．They promised that these fine traditions (protect) for generation to come. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】would be protected 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：他们承诺，这些美好的传统将被世代保护。空处作宾语从句的谓语，根据主句中的“promised”和从句中的“for generation to come”可知，动作在过去尚未发生，时态应用过去将来时，且protect“保护”和主语traditions之间是被动关系，需用被动语态。故填would be protected。 18．He told me his novels ____________ (finish) in a few months. 【答案】would be finished 【详解】考查时态和被动语态。句意：他告诉我他的小说将在几个月内完成。由in a few months可知，句子用将来时，由told可知，用过去将来时，小说是被完成，因此空格处用过去将来时的被动语态would be done，故填would be finished。 19．He said that a new school (build) near this village soon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】would be built 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：他说不久将在这个村子附近建一所新学校。根据前文He said和后文soon可知，间接引语中应用过去将来时，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，用过去将来时的被动语态。故填would be built。 20．When people (prevent) from communicating with others, they will experience anxiety and stress. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】are prevented 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：当人们被阻止与他人交流时，他们会感到焦虑和压力。此处为时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据“主将从现”原则，主句为一般将来时，从句为一般现在时，prevent与主语people之间为被动关系，所以此处为一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为复数意义，be动词使用are。故填are prevented。 易｜错｜点｜拨 (1)有些及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有：have有；cost花费；lack缺少；own拥有；belong to属于；take part in参加。 (2)不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有：happen/take place/occur发生；remain剩下；break out爆发；last持续；come out出版；come up被提出；lose heart失去信心；date from/back to追溯到；run out用完。 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 一、语法填空 1．Look! The guests (show) around the factory. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】are being shown 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：看！客人们在被领着参观工厂。show(带领，引领)是句中谓语动词，与主语The guests之间是被动关系，结合Look!可知，描述正在发生的事情，用现在进行时的被动语态，又因主语是复数名词，谓语也用复数形式。故填are being shown。 2．More new technologies (apply) in the field of IT at present. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】are being applied 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：目前更多的新技术正在信息技术领域得到应用。由时间状语at present可知，此处应用现在进行时。主语more new technologies与apply之间为被动关系，故应用现在进行时的被动语态。主语为复数形式，故填are being applied。 3．We are now living in a fast-developing society and our life conditions (improve) day by day. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】are being improved 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：我们现在生活在一个快速发展的社会，我们的生活条件正在一天天改善。本句是and连接的并列句，improve作后句谓语，根据前文的are now living可知，用现在进行时，和主语life conditions之间是被动关系，用被动语态，主语为复数。故填are being improved。 4．Weight training classes, for example, (design) and will be added to our programme soon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】are being designed 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：例如，重量训练课程正在设计中，并将很快加入我们的课程。表示现阶段正在进行的动作，使用现在进行时，主语Weight training classes和design“设计”为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，be动词用are。故填are being designed。 5．The site (develop) by a French company at present. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is being developed 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：目前，该网站正在由一家法国公司开发。develop作本句谓语，根据空后的by可知，用被动语态，根据时间状语at present可知，用现在进行时，所以用现在进行时的被动语态，主语The site为第三人称单数。故填is being developed。 6．There was a lot of noise outside because repair work (do) to the house at that time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being done 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：外面有很大的噪音，因为当时房子正在修理。根据时间状语at that time可知，用过去进行时，do和主语repair work之间是被动关系，用被动语态，主语是不可数名词，be动词应用was。故填was being done。 7．The house (paint) white when I was there. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being painted 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：我在那里的时候，房子正在被漆成白色。分析句子结构可知，主句缺谓语动词，根据“when I was there”及句意可知，主句应用过去进行时，表示动作正在进行，“The house”和“paint”之间是被动关系，故用过去进行时的被动语态was/were being done的形式，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填was being painted。 8．When I went to pay him a visit in the hospital, he (examine) by the doctor. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being examined 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：当我去医院看望他时，他正在接受医生的检查。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据句意以及从句动词went可知，此处应表示过去正在进行的事情，为过去进行时，结合he和动词examine为被动关系，所以为过去进行时的被动语态结构。故填was being examined。 9．What (discuss) during this time at meeting yesterday? (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being discussed 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：昨天会议在这段时间讨论了什么？由this time at meeting yesterday和句意可知，此处表示过去某一时间正在做某事，应用过去进行时，且what(指会议内容)和动词disscuss是被动关系，应用过去进行时的被动语态；what作主语，谓语动词应用三单形式，be动词应用was，故填was being discussed。 10．The lost girl (look) for everywhere by her parents and policemen when she suddenly appeared in the park. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being looked 【详解】考查时态和语态：句意：当走失的女孩突然出现在公园里时，她的父母和警察正在到处寻找她。谓语动词短语look for和主语The lost girl之间是被动关系，根据句意可知，应用过去进行时的被动语态，表示过去某时正在进行的动作，主谓一致，故填was being looked。 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 句子翻译题 (注意动词的时态语态) 1. 等他明年回来，这个体育馆就建好了。(by the time) 2. 在过去的十年中，这个地区发生了翻天覆地的变化。 3. 当他到学校时，他意识到他把作业忘在家里了。 4. 应该鼓励学生将课堂上所学的知识用于实践中去。 5. 很多年前，人们不知道人口问题将是个大问题。 答案：（only for reference） 1. By the time he comes back next year, the stadium will have been set up. 2. Over the past 10 years, great changes have happened in this area. 3. When he got to school, he realized that he had left his homework at home. 4. Students should be encouraged to apply what they have learned in class to practice. 5. Many years ago people never knew that population would become a big problem．  易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 1．—What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community? —Wonderful. A lot of useful advice on self-protection____________. A．is offered B．are offered C．was offered D．were offered 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你觉得昨天在你的社区里的活动怎么样？——好极了。在自我保护方面提供了很多有用的建议。A. is offered被提供，一般现在时态的被动语态；单数；B. are offered    被提供，一般现在时态的被动语态；复数；C. was offered被提供，一般过去式的被动语态；单数；D. were offered被提供，一般过去式的被动语态；复数；根据上文What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community?可知下文是一般过去时态，主语是A lot of useful advice不可数名词，这里be动词用单数was。根据题意，故选C。 2．45,000 mu of wheat ________ smoothly in Gaochun District last month, forming a busy harvest scene. A．harvests B．harvested C．is harvested D．was harvested 【答案】D 【详解】句意：上个月，高淳区小麦顺利收获4.5万亩，形成了一片繁忙的收获景象。 考查被动语态。根据“last month”可知，此句是一般过去时，主语“45,000 mu of wheat”与动词harvest之间是被动关系，此处用一般过去时被动语态，故选D。 3．—It’s a pity! A music fan like you didn’t go to Nantong Music Festival. —I knew it ________ several weeks ago. But I was on business. A．is held B．will be held C．was held D．held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——太可惜了！像你这样的乐迷没有去南通音乐节。——我知道这是几周前举行的。但我是出差。 考查时态和语态。主语it指代“南通音乐节”，和谓语hold“举办”之间是被动关系，根据“several weeks ago”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选C。 4．A lot of trees ________ last spring, so we can see more green this year. A．plant B．are planted C．planted D．were planted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：去年春天种了很多树，所以今年我们可以看到更多的绿色。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“last spring”可知，动作发生在过去，且“trees”与“plant”之间是动宾关系，需用被动语态。故选D。 5．Robot dogs _________ as volunteers for the first time during the 2023 Asian Games. A．use B．used C．are used D．were used 【答案】D 【详解】句意：2023年亚运会期间，机器狗首次被用作志愿者。 考查时态和语态。主语Robot dogs和谓语use之间是被动关系，根据“during the 2023 Asian Games.”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选D。 6．When I was a pupil, some of my pocket money ________ to buy comic books. A．use B．is used C．used D．was used 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我还是个学生的时候，我的一些零花钱被用来买漫画书。 考查被动语态。分析题干可知，主语pocket money和动词use之间是被动关系，结合“When I was a pupil”可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选D。 7．The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese character. It ________ by people of all ages. A．is loved B．was loved C．will love D．is loving 【答案】A 【详解】句意：孙悟空是中国的一个传统人物。它受到所有年龄段的人的喜爱。 考查被动语态及动词时态。根据“by”可知，此处是被动语态，指孙悟空被人们喜爱。本句陈述事实，故为一般现在时。故选A。 8．To make the environment much better, more trees ________ next year. A．plant B．will plant C．are planted D．will be planted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为了使环境更好，明年将种植更多的树。 考查一般将来时被动语态。主语more trees与动词plant之间被动关系，结合next year可知，此处用一般将来时被动语态will be done的结构，故选D。 9．—Mum, I ________ the living room already. —Good job! It is so tidy now. A．have cleaned B．will clean C．am cleaning D．clean 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我已经打扫了客厅。——干得好！现在很整洁。 考查时态。根据“already”以及“It is so tidy now.”可知此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时have/has done。故选A。 10．So far, some of the dialects (方言) ________ in use for thousands of years. They are full of local color. A．were B．are C．have been D．will be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：到目前为止，一些方言已经使用了数千年。它们充满了地方色彩。 考查动词时态。根据句中的时间状语“so far”可知，句子应用现在完成时，排除A、B和D选项。故选C。 链接高考（测试时间：15分钟） （时态语态） 2023上海秋考 Once upon a time , in the heart of Africa, there was a king who (2l) __________( know )for his wisdom and courage, His name was Mosi, meaning "smoke" in his native tongue. 【答案】21.was known 【解析】考查被动语态。分析句子结构，此句为there be句型，主句谓语动词是 was。Who..and courage为who引导的定语从句，空格处为从句的谓语动词，此处意为!“被人们所知道”，be known for意为“因……而出名”，而且主句中的谓语为一般过去时,所以应该填 was known。 2023上海春考 As the name(26)__________ (imply), Advisers are there to advise: they do not run the companies. Normally, three Advisers-one on accountancy, one on production and one on marketing,(27)__________ ( be ) available to each company. Young Enterprise makes it a rule that the Advisers must come from a variety of business occupations. 【答案】26. implies 27. are/will be/have been 【解析】 26. implies 考查一般现在时。根据句子结构和语境，这里用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式"implies"，表示"意味着"。根据原文句子结构和语境判断。 27. are/will be/have been 考查时态。根据句子结构，主语three Advisers后面的破折号是解释说明，判定空格处动词be是句子的谓语部分，再结合句意可知此处为主系表结构，而且“be available to”表示“可用于……，……可利用或得到的”，Advisers是复数，故填入are/will be/ have been。句意：通常，每家公司都有三名顾问，一名会计顾问、一名生产顾问和一名营销顾问。 2022上海秋考 Question: How would you describe an entrepreneur? Answer: An individual who establishes and expands their own company through innovative strategies(23)______(know) as an entrepreneur During the expansion of their companies, entrepreneurs are responsible for several important tasks in addition to cash generation. An entrepreneur perceives a commercial need in their society, (24) ________ (develop)an idea for a business, and then takes the initiative to start their firm .......... 【答案】 23 is known 24 develops 【解析】23.is known 考查一般现在时的被动。结合问题"How Would You Describe An Entrepreneur?(你如何描述企业家?)"可知这个回答是在为企业家下定义，此处应为固定搭配“be known as”(被称为:被认为是...)，根据“An individual"可知此处的be动词是单数的，文章的时态为一般现在时，而且根据句子主语 individual后的 who 引导的定语从句，空格处的动词为谓语动词。故填入 is known。句意:通过创新战略建立并扩大自己公司的人被称为企业家。 【解析】24.develops 考查一般现在时。此句的主语是 An entrepreneur，该空是一个谓语动词,且与前面的 perceives 并列，时态还是一般现在时，故填入 develops。句意:企业家在他们的社会中发现了商业需求，发展出了一个商业想法，然后主动创办了自己的公司。此空的陷阴主谱后面的空格处动词，惯性思维理解为非谓语结构。实际这个句子看完才发现是并列谓语结构。此题的失分较多，很多同学们会填写 developing:事实上是 develops。 2022年春考 We do not think that his ever happened before 1859, and we know that it (24)________ (not happen) since then. 【答案】 24,has not happened 【解析】考查现在完成时的否定结构。此处的宾语从句缺谓语动词，结合“since”可知此处的时态为现在完成时，故填入 has not happened。句意:我们不认为这种情况在 1859 年以前发生过，我们知道从那以后也没有发生过。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $