精品解析：广东省梅州市梅县区第一职业学校2022-2023学年高三下学期7月期末英语试题

梅州梅县区第一职业学校2022-2023学年度第二学期英语期末试题 中职三年级 （共11题，共100分） 一、完形填空：本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分。 An old woman was sitting outside an ice-cream shop with dirty clothes and rough hair. She ____1____ and walked, but it seemed quite ____2____, her legs shivering (颤抖) and her eyes showing deep sorrow of being left alone and homeless. I didn’t ____3____ an ice cream, so I was outside the shop, ____4____ her, while my family went in. Her legs were weak. I saw her difficulties and came up to her with 10 dollars in my ____5____ and handed it over to her. She was so ____6____ and started blessing me instantly. I wanted to talk with her as that seemed very important ____7____. I asked her about her ____8____. She said there was no one, and that all died one by one, with tears in her eyes. “Where does she live?” I ____9____. The response was quite ____10____. I noticed her “luggage” two plastic bags, containing her ____11____. At this point, I gave her my ____12____, thin stole (披肩). It was bright yellow and looked new. But she was not ready to accept ____13____. She was worried about my feeling cold for few minutes before I got home. She finally ____14____ the stole and covered herself, when I insisted. She was ____15____ me even more. I checked my bag and kept giving anything that I thought she could use. How grateful she was! At this moment, I saw change in her ____16____ state of mind. By this time, she seemed calm and ____17____. And so did I. The look of ____18____ and hopelessness was transformed. She looked at the people who passed by us with more ____19____ in that moment. I realized it was my small kind act ____20____ had counted a lot to the old woman. 1. A. got out B. got over C. got off D. got up 2. A. funny B. interesting C. difficult D. attractive 3. A. want B. touch C. serve D. taste 4. A. finding B. leading C. ignoring D. watching 5. A. pocket B. bag C. hand D. luggage 6. A. angry B. thankful C. strange D. cautious 7. A. as well B. in all C. so well D. at all 8. A. friend B. habit C. career D. family 9. A. replied B. wondered C. claimed D. stated 10. A. different B. serious C. obvious D. weak 11. A. belongings B. goods C. clothes D. books 12. A. smooth B. warm C. special D. rough 13. A. one B. them C. those D. it 14. A. brought B. received C. took D. carried 15. A. calming B. supporting C. blessing D. helping 16. A. emotional B. common C. conventional D. unique 17. A. convenient B. content C. appropriate D. available 18. A. desperation B. expression C. confusion D. devotion 19. A. doubt B. trust C. regret D. confidence 20. A. since B. which C. when D. that 二、阅读理解题：本大题共3小题，每小题10分，共30分。 Americans with small families own a small car or a large one. If both parents are working, they usually have two cars. When the family is large, one of the cars is sold and they will buy a van. A small car can hold four persons and a large car can hold six persons but it is very crowded. A van hold seven persons easily so a family with three children could ask their grandparents to go on a holiday travel. They could all travel together. Mr. Hagen and his wife had a third child last year. This made them sell a second car and buy a van. The sixth and seventh seat are used to put other things, for a family of five must carry many suitcases when they travel. When they arrive at their grandparents’ home, the suitcases are taken away and the two seats can carry the grandparents. Americans call vans motor homes. A motor home is always used for holidays. When a family are traveling to the mountains or to the seaside, they can live in their motor home for a few days or weeks. All the members of a big family can enjoy a happier life when they are traveling together. That is why motor homes have become very popular. In America there are many parks for motor homes. 21. From the passage, a van is also called _______. A. a motor car B. a motor home C. a motorbike D. a big truck 22. Before Mr. Hagen and his wife bought a van, they _______. A. sold their old house B. moved to their grandparents’ house C. built a new place for a ran D. sold their second car 23. A motor home is usually owned by a family with _______. A. a baby B. much money C. more than two children D. interest in van 24. Americans usually use motor homes _______. A. to travel with all the family members on holiday B. to do some shopping with all the family members C. to visit their grandparents at weekends D to drive their children to school every day 25. Motor homes have become popular because _______. A. they can take people to another city when people are free B. they can let families have a happier life when they go out for their holidays C. some people think motor homes are cheap D. big families can put more things in motor homes In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business. But he was not a good artist. So he invented a very simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden. That was the first photo. The next important date in the history of photography (摄影术) was in 1837. That year, Daguere, another Frenchman, took a picture of his reading room. He used a new kind of camera in a different way. In his picture you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest thing. This kind of photo was called a Daguerreotype. Soon, other people began to use Daguerre’s way. Travelers brought back wonderful photos from all around the world, people took pictures of famous buildings, cities and mountains. In about 1840. photography was developed. Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things. That was not simple. The photographers had to carry a lot of films and other machines. But this did not stop them, for example, some in the United States worked so hard. Mathew Brady was a famous American photographers. He took many pictures of great people. The pictures were unusual because they were very lifelike (栩栩如生的). Photographers also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century. Some photos were nor just copies of the real world. They showed feelings, like other kinds of art. 26. The first photo taken by Niepce was a picture of ________. A. his business B. his house C. his garden D. his window 27. The Daguerrotype was ________. A. a Frenchman B. a kind of picture C. a kind of camera D. a photographer 28. If a photographer wanted to take pictures of moving things in the year of 1840, he had to ________. A. watch lots of films B. buy an expensive camera C. stop in most cities D. take many films and something else with him 29. Mathew Brady ________. A. was very lifelike B. was famous for his unusual pictures C. was quite strong D. took many pictures of moving people 30. This passage tells us ________. A. how photography was developed B. how to show your ideas and feelings in pictures C. how to take pictures in the world D. how to use different cameras 阅读还原 Studying longer does not necessarily mean studying better. ____31____ Below are some great ways of learning as much as you can without getting too stressed. Find the right place to study. The first thing you need to do is avoid distractions (分散注意力的事物) while studying. ____32____ You should keep away from television sets and phone calls. Get all of your study materials together, so you will not be interrupted in the middle of your session. Break down the tasks into smaller parts. When you have gotten everything ready, list the items you need to study, and arrange them across several hours or days, depending on how big your load is. As a general rule, assign (分配) at least one hour to each subject. ____33____ By doing this, you will be able to know more easily how long you need for each topic. Schedule study breaks. When you have listed all of our tasks and made a schedule you should arrange (安排) study breaks. ____34____ This will give your eyes some time to rest, and yourself a chance to go to the bathroom or have some coffee. Scheduled breaks will reduce the need for you to interrupt yourself to the lowest level during the study session. Put your tasks in order of importance. ____35____ Just in case you run out of time to study, or if you think you do not have enough time to cover all topics, you should study in an order. A. Each break may take about 15 minutes every two hours. B. Learn to arrange the subjects in order of importance. C. This means going to one place that will give you peace and quiet. D. The key to efficient studying is following the schedule strictly. E. You can find a way to test your knowledge by having a study partner. F. If you have a broad subject, you will need to break it down into smaller parts. G. To make the best use of your time, you need to learn how to study efficiently (高效地). 三、翻译题：本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分 36. 为了能被观众听到，表演者们必须高声地歌唱。（in high voices）(句子汉译英) ____________________________________________________________ 37. 那段时间，我总是在听贝多芬的交响乐时反思人生。（根据中文句意完句） During that time, I always ________ ________ my life while listening to Beethoven’s symphony. 38. 他唱得那么大声，隔壁的人都能听见。（根据中文句意完句） So loudly ________ that even people in the next room could hear him. 39. 英国是一个历史悠久国家，在地理上由四个部分组成。（根据中文句意完句） The UK is a country with a long history, ________ four parts geographically. 40. 餐桌上的不知名的黄色的花发出一种芳香，所以珍妮低下头去闻花香。（根据中文句意完句） The unknown yellow flowers on the table ________ a sweet smell, so Jane lowered her face to smell them. 四、短文填空：本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分 The Suez Canal, ____41____ it currently exists, is a 193-kilometer artificial waterway connecting the Mediterranean Sea at Port Said to the Red Sea at Port Tewfik. This waterway connects the Atlantic and Indian Oceans in a way that doesn’t require a ship heading between Europe and Asia ____42____ go around Africa or wait for the ice to melt in the Arctic. The canal also, unlike the Panama Canal, has no locks at all, making it ____43____ (easy) for some of the world’s ships to slip right through and for the canal ____44____ (expand), should the Egyptian government prioritize such a project. As tough as it may have been to build a canal ____45____ this scale, the Suez Canal was far from the first of its kind of area. In fact a canal of this sort was first attempted by Egypt in the 19th century BC, under the rule of Middle Kingdom pharaoh Senusret Ⅱ. A canal was reportedly later opened by the time of the Islamic Caliphates but it was reportedly closed in the 8th century AD. That combined with the Red Sea gradually receding away from what are now the Bitter Lakes ____46____ (cause) the canal to fade into disuse. In the following decades, a railway was set up between Alexandria and Suez but this wasn’t good enough for global trade, so guess what they thought of? That’s right, ____47____ canal! Construction broke ground in 1859 and took ten years ____48____ a grand total of over 1.5 million workers throughout the decade. The area, seeing virtually immediate success, ____49____ (declare) in the Constantinople Convention to be an international zone under British protection. This ____50____ play a pivotal part in the World Wars, and also contribute to conflict between Britain and Egypt in the Suez Crisis. 五、写作题（共1题） 书面表达 51. 为了帮助中学生健康成长，某中学英文报开辟了“HEART-TO-HEART”专栏。假设你是该栏目的编辑Jamie，收到一封署名为Worried的求助信。信中该同学向你诉说了自己的困扰：近日容易发脾气，使正常的学习和生活受到了影响。请用英文给该同学写一封回信。 内容要点如下： 1.表示理解并给予安慰； 2.提出建议并说明理由。 注意： 1.词数80~120词； 2.信中不能出现与本人相关的信息； 3.信的开头和结尾已为你拟好，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：temper n.脾气；情绪 Hi Worried, I’m sorry to know that you’re having such a bad time at the moment. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Jamie 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 梅州梅县区第一职业学校2022-2023学年度第二学期英语期末试题 中职三年级 （共11题，共100分） 一、完形填空：本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分。 An old woman was sitting outside an ice-cream shop with dirty clothes and rough hair. She ____1____ and walked, but it seemed quite ____2____, her legs shivering (颤抖) and her eyes showing deep sorrow of being left alone and homeless. I didn’t ____3____ an ice cream, so I was outside the shop, ____4____ her, while my family went in. Her legs were weak. I saw her difficulties and came up to her with 10 dollars in my ____5____ and handed it over to her. She was so ____6____ and started blessing me instantly. I wanted to talk with her as that seemed very important ____7____. I asked her about her ____8____. She said there was no one, and that all died one by one, with tears in her eyes. “Where does she live?” I ____9____. The response was quite ____10____. I noticed her “luggage”, two plastic bags, containing her ____11____. At this point, I gave her my ____12____, thin stole (披肩). It was bright yellow and looked new. But she was not ready to accept ____13____. She was worried about my feeling cold for few minutes before I got home. She finally ____14____ the stole and covered herself, when I insisted. She was ____15____ me even more. I checked my bag and kept giving anything that I thought she could use. How grateful she was! At this moment, I saw change in her ____16____ state of mind. By this time, she seemed calm and ____17____. And so did I. The look of ____18____ and hopelessness was transformed. She looked at the people who passed by us with more ____19____ in that moment. I realized it was my small kind act ____20____ had counted a lot to the old woman. 1. A. got out B. got over C. got off D. got up 2. A. funny B. interesting C. difficult D. attractive 3. A. want B. touch C. serve D. taste 4 A. finding B. leading C. ignoring D. watching 5. A. pocket B. bag C. hand D. luggage 6. A. angry B. thankful C. strange D. cautious 7. A. as well B. in all C. so well D. at all 8. A. friend B. habit C. career D. family 9. A. replied B. wondered C. claimed D. stated 10. A. different B. serious C. obvious D. weak 11. A. belongings B. goods C. clothes D. books 12. A. smooth B. warm C. special D. rough 13. A. one B. them C. those D. it 14. A. brought B. received C. took D. carried 15. A. calming B. supporting C. blessing D. helping 16. A. emotional B. common C. conventional D. unique 17. A. convenient B. content C. appropriate D. available 18 A. desperation B. expression C. confusion D. devotion 19. A. doubt B. trust C. regret D. confidence 20. A. since B. which C. when D. that 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. C 16. A 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。俗话说“勿以善小而不为”，小小的善举也会给人以温暖和力量，作者的善良行为，让无家可归的老太太对过往的行人都变的很信任。 【1题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她站起来走路，但似乎很困难，她的腿在颤抖，她的眼睛里流露出孤独和无家可归的深深的悲伤。A. got out离开；B. got over克服；C. got off下车；D. got up起立。根据上文“An old woman was sitting outside an ice-cream shop with dirty clothes and rough hair. (一位衣衫褴褛、头发蓬乱的老妇人坐在一家冰淇淋店外面。)”和空后“and walked (走)”可知，穿着脏衣服头发凌乱的老太太坐在冰淇淋商店的外面，这里她需要站起来才能走。故选D。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她站起来走路，但似乎很困难，她的腿在颤抖，她的眼睛里流露出孤独和无家可归的深深的悲伤。A. funny有趣的；B. interesting有趣的；C. difficult困难的；D. attractive有吸引力。根据后文“her legs shivering (她的双腿颤抖着)”可知，老太太走起路来很困难。故选C。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不想要冰淇淋，所以我在店外看着她，而我的家人进去了。A. want想要；B. touch触摸；C. seve服务；D. taste品尝。根据句意可知，我不想要冰淇淋，所以在店外面。故选A。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不想要冰淇淋，所以我在店外看着她，而我的家人进去了。A. finding发现；B. leading引导；C. ignoring忽视；D. watching看。根据后文“Her legs were weak. I saw her difficulties (她的腿很虚弱。我看到了她的困难)”可知，我的家人都进了冰淇淋店，我在店外面看着那位老太太。故选D。 【5题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到了她的困难，手里拿着10美元走到她面前，递给了她。A. pocket口袋；B. bag包；C. hand手；D. luggage行李。根据语境可知，我手里拿着10美元走到老太太面前，把钱给了她。选C。 【6题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她非常感激，并立即开始祝福我。A. angry生气的；B. thankful感谢的，感激的；C. strange奇怪的；D. cautious小心的，谨慎的。根据后文“started blessing me instantly (立即开始祝福我)”可知，老太太很感激作者，并祝福作者。故选B。 【7题详解】 考查副词短语辨析。句意：我想和她谈谈，因为这似乎也很重要。A. as well也；B. in all总共，合计；C. so well很好；D. at all根本。根据句意可知，和老太太说话也是很重要的。故选A。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我问了她的家庭情况。A. friend朋友；B. habit习惯；C. career职业；D. family家人。根据后文“She said there was no one, and that all died one by one, with tears in her eyes. (她眼含泪水地说没有人了，所有的人都一个接一个地死去了。)”可知，我问的是关于她的家人。故选D。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：A. replied回复；B. wondered想知道，想；C. claimed声称，断言，宣告；D. stated陈述，阐 明。根据上文“Where does she live? (她住在哪里？)”可知，这是作者想知道的。故选B。 【10题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：答案是非常明显的。A. different不同的；B. serious严重的，严肃的；C. obvious明显的；D. weak虚弱的。根据后文“I noticed her ‘luggage’, two plastic bags (我注意到她的‘行李’，两个塑料袋)”可知，我看到她带着的行李，就知道了她是无家可归的，所以对于“她住在哪里”这个问题的答案是很明显的。故选C。 【11题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我注意到她的“行李”，两个塑料袋，里面装着她的东西。A. belongings财产，所有物；B. goods商品，货物；C. clothes衣服；D. books书籍。根据语境可知，来太太的行李只有两个塑料袋，里面装的是她全部的东西。故选A。 【12题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个时候，我给了她我温暖的，细长的披肩。A. smooth平滑的；B. warm温暖的；C. special特别的；D. rough粗糙的。根据后文“But she was not ready to accept ... She was worried about my feeling cold for few minutes before I got home. (但是她并不想接受……。在我回家前的几分钟，她担心我会觉得冷。)”可知，我给她的是披肩，但她不肯接受，因为担心我会冻着，由此可知，我给她的是温暖的披肩。故选B。 【13题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：是她并不想接受它。在我回家前的几分钟，她担心我会觉得冷。A. one一个；B. them它们/他们/她们；C. those那些；D. it它。根据上文可知，我要把我的披肩给老太太，但是她不想接受，由此可知，这里应用代词it指代上文提过的“stole (披肩)”。故选D。 【14题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的坚持下，她终于拿起披肩把自己盖好了。A. brought带来；B. received收到；C. took拿，取；D. carried携带。根据句意及语境可知，在我的坚持下，老太太拿着披肩披在自己身上了。故选C。 【15题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她再次祝福了我。A. calming使平静；B. supporting支持；C. blessing祝福；D. helping帮助。根据语境可知，因为我给了她披肩，所以她再次向我表达了祝福。故选C。 【16题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这一刻，我看到了她情绪状态的变化。A. emotional情感的；B. common普通的；C. conventional传统的；D. unique独特的。根据后文描述可知，我的善举使老太太开始信任路过的人，这是老太太内心情感状态的变化。故选A。 【17题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这时，她显得平静而满足。A. convenient方便的；B. content满意的，满足的；C. appropriate合适的；D. available可使用的，可利用的。根据上下文可知，我的善举使老太太开始信任路过的人，内心情感状态开始发生了变化，因此她应该是感到很满足的。故选B。 【18题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：绝望和无望的表情变了。A. desperation绝望；B. expression表达；C. confusion迷茫；D. devotion奉献。可以和“hopelessness (无望)”构成并列关系的应该用desperation，表示老太太绝望的表情转变了。故选A。 【19题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，她更加信任地看着从我们身边走过的人。A. doubt怀疑；B. trust信任；C. regret遗憾；D. confidence自信。作者的善举让她更加信任陌生人，让她的情感发生转变，所以这时她看着经过我们身边的人时会带着更多的信任。故选B。 【20题详解】 考查强调句引导词。句意：我意识到，正是我的小小善举对这位老妇人来说意义重大。根据句子结构及句意可知，这里构造了强调句型“it was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分”，强调的是主语，故用that。故选D。 二、阅读理解题：本大题共3小题，每小题10分，共30分。 Americans with small families own a small car or a large one. If both parents are working, they usually have two cars. When the family is large, one of the cars is sold and they will buy a van. A small car can hold four persons and a large car can hold six persons but it is very crowded. A van hold seven persons easily, so a family with three children could ask their grandparents to go on a holiday travel. They could all travel together. Mr. Hagen and his wife had a third child last year. This made them sell a second car and buy a van. The sixth and seventh seat are used to put other things, for a family of five must carry many suitcases when they travel. When they arrive at their grandparents’ home, the suitcases are taken away and the two seats can carry the grandparents. Americans call vans motor homes. A motor home is always used for holidays. When a family are traveling to the mountains or to the seaside, they can live in their motor home for a few days or weeks. All the members of a big family can enjoy a happier life when they are traveling together. That is why motor homes have become very popular. In America there are many parks for motor homes. 21. From the passage, a van is also called _______. A. a motor car B. a motor home C. a motorbike D. a big truck 22. Before Mr. Hagen and his wife bought a van, they _______. A. sold their old house B. moved to their grandparents’ house C. built a new place for a ran D. sold their second car 23. A motor home is usually owned by a family with _______. A. a baby B. much money C. more than two children D. interest in van 24. Americans usually use motor homes _______. A. to travel with all the family members on holiday B. to do some shopping with all the family members C. to visit their grandparents at weekends D. to drive their children to school every day 25. Motor homes have become popular because _______. A. they can take people to another city when people are free B. they can let families have a happier life when they go out for their holidays C. some people think motor homes are cheap D. big families can put more things in motor homes 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国小家庭拥小车或大车，大家庭常买房车。房车可载 7 人，适合家庭旅行，还可居住，因此很受欢迎，美国有许多房车公园。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Americans call vans motor homes. (美国人把房车称作旅居车。)”可知，从文章中可知，房车也被叫做旅居车，故选B。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Mr. Hagen and his wife had a third child last year. This made them sell a second car and buy a van. (哈根先生和他的妻子去年有了第三个孩子。这使得他们卖掉了第二辆车，买了一辆房车。)”可知，哈根先生和他的妻子在买房车之前卖掉了他们的第二辆车，故选D。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“A van hold seven persons easily, so a family with three children could ask their grandparents to go on a holiday travel. (房车能轻松容纳7个人，所以有三个孩子的家庭可以邀请祖父母一起去度假旅行。)” 及第3段哈根家因有第三个孩子买房车的例子可知， 旅居车通常由有两个以上孩子的家庭拥有，故选C。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“A motor home is always used for holidays. When a family are traveling to the mountains or to the seaside, they can live in their motor home for a few days or weeks. All the members of a big family can enjoy a happier life when they are traveling together. (旅居车总是用于度假。当一个家庭去山里或海边旅行时，他们可以在旅居车里住几天或几周。大家庭的所有成员一起旅行时能享受更快乐的生活。)”可知，美国人通常用旅居车和所有家庭成员一起度假旅行，故选A。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“All the members of a big family can enjoy a happier life when they are traveling together. That is why motor homes have become very popular. (大家庭的所有成员一起旅行时能享受更快乐的生活。这就是为什么旅居车变得非常受欢迎。)”可知，旅居车变得受欢迎是因为它们能让家庭在外出度假时享受更快乐的生活，故选B。 In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business. But he was not a good artist. So he invented a very simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden. That was the first photo. The next important date in the history of photography (摄影术) was in 1837. That year, Daguere, another Frenchman, took a picture of his reading room. He used a new kind of camera in a different way. In his picture you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest thing. This kind of photo was called a Daguerreotype. Soon, other people began to use Daguerre’s way. Travelers brought back wonderful photos from all around the world, people took pictures of famous buildings, cities and mountains. In about 1840. photography was developed. Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things. That was not simple. The photographers had to carry a lot of films and other machines. But this did not stop them, for example, some in the United States worked so hard. Mathew Brady was a famous American photographers. He took many pictures of great people. The pictures were unusual because they were very lifelike (栩栩如生的). Photographers also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century. Some photos were nor just copies of the real world. They showed feelings, like other kinds of art. 26. The first photo taken by Niepce was a picture of ________. A. his business B. his house C. his garden D. his window 27. The Daguerrotype was ________. A. a Frenchman B. a kind of picture C. a kind of camera D. a photographer 28. If a photographer wanted to take pictures of moving things in the year of 1840, he had to ________. A. watch lots of films B. buy an expensive camera C. stop in most cities D. take many films and something else with him 29. Mathew Brady ________. A. was very lifelike B. was famous for his unusual pictures C. was quite strong D. took many pictures of moving people 30. This passage tells us ________. A. how photography was developed B. how to show your ideas and feelings in pictures C. how to take pictures in the world D. how to use different cameras 【答案】26. C 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文中主要讲述了摄影术的发展历程。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business. But he was not a good artist. So he invented a very simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden. That was the first photo. (1826 年，一位名叫 Niepce 的法国人需要为他的生意拍摄照片。但他并不是一个好的艺术家。所以他发明了一种非常简单的相机。他把它放在自家的窗户上，并拍了一张花园的照片。那是第一张照片)”可知，第一张照片是拍花园的照片。故选C。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“This kind of photo was called a Daguerreotype (这种照片被称为daguerreotype)”可知，Daguerrotype是一种照片。故选B。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“In about 1840, photography was developed. Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things. That was not simple. The photographers had to carry a lot of films and other machines. (大约在1840年，摄影开始了。然后，摄影师可以为人拍照并移动事物。那并不简单。摄影师必须携带很多胶卷和其他机器。)”可知，要拍移动的事物，必须携带很多胶卷和其他东西。故选D。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Mathew Brady was a famous American photographers. He took many pictures of great people. The pictures were unusual because they were very lifelike (马修·布雷迪是一位著名的美国摄影师。他拍了很多伟大人物的照片。这些图片很不寻常，因为它们非常栩栩如生)”可知，Mathew Brady以不寻常的照片而闻名。故选B。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要按照时间顺序，从1826年Niepce发明简单的相机拍出第一张照片，到1837年Daguere发明Daguerreotype，再到1840年摄影技术的发展等，讲述了摄影术是如何发展的。故选A。 阅读还原 Studying longer does not necessarily mean studying better. ____31____ Below are some great ways of learning as much as you can without getting too stressed. Find the right place to study. The first thing you need to do is avoid distractions (分散注意力的事物) while studying. ____32____ You should keep away from television sets and phone calls. Get all of your study materials together, so you will not be interrupted in the middle of your session. Break down the tasks into smaller parts. When you have gotten everything ready, list the items you need to study, and arrange them across several hours or days, depending on how big your load is. As a general rule, assign (分配) at least one hour to each subject. ____33____ By doing this, you will be able to know more easily how long you need for each topic. Schedule study breaks. When you have listed all of our tasks and made a schedule, you should arrange (安排) study breaks. ____34____ This will give your eyes some time to rest, and yourself a chance to go to the bathroom or have some coffee. Scheduled breaks will reduce the need for you to interrupt yourself to the lowest level during the study session. Put your tasks in order of importance. ____35____ Just in case you run out of time to study, or if you think you do not have enough time to cover all topics, you should study in an order. A. Each break may take about 15 minutes every two hours. B. Learn to arrange the subjects in order of importance. C. This means going to one place that will give you peace and quiet. D. The key to efficient studying is following the schedule strictly. E. You can find a way to test your knowledge by having a study partner. F. If you have a broad subject, you will need to break it down into smaller parts. G. To make the best use of your time, you need to learn how to study efficiently (高效地). 【答案】31. G 32. C 33. F 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍高效学习的方法，如选对学习地点、拆分任务等，助读者高效学习且减压。 【31题详解】 根据上文“Studying longer does not necessarily mean studying better (学习时间长不代表学习效果好)”以及下文 “Below are some great ways of learning as much as you can without getting too stressed (以下是高效学习且减压的方法)”可知，空处需承上启下，点明“高效学习”的核心。选项G“To make the best use of your time, you need to learn how to study efficiently. (为充分利用时间，你需学会高效学习)”衔接自然。故选G。 【32题详解】 本段主题是“Find the right place to study. (找一个合适的地方学习。)”。根据上文“The first thing you need to do is avoid distractions while studying (你需要做的第一件事是在学习时避免分心)”以及下文“You should keep away from television sets and phone calls (你应该远离电视和电话)”可知，空处需解释“如何避分心”，选项C“This means going to one place that will give you peace and quiet. (这意味着去一个能让你平静的地方。)”符合语境。故选C。 【33题详解】 本段主题是“Break down the tasks into smaller parts. (把任务分解成更小部分。)”。根据上文“As a general rule, assign at least one hour to each subject. (一般来说，每个科目至少要花一个小时。)以及下文“By doing this, you will be able to know more easily how long you need for each topic. (通过这样做，你将能够更容易地知道每个主题需要多长时间。)”可知，会提出拆分任务。选项F“If you have a broad subject, you will need to break it down into smaller parts. (如果你有一个广泛的主题，你需要把它分解成更小的部分。)”符合语境。故选F。 【34题详解】 本段主题是“Schedule study breaks. (安排学习休息时间。)”根据上文“you should arrange study breaks. (你应安排休息。”以及下文“This will give your eyes some time to rest, and yourself a chance to go to the bathroom or have some coffee. (这会让你的眼睛有时间休息，也让你有机会去洗手间或喝杯咖啡。)”可知，空处需补充 “休息的具体时长”，选项A“Each break may take about 15 minutes every two hours. (每两个小时休息15分钟。)”衔接紧密，符合语境。故选A。 【35题详解】 本段主题是“Put your tasks in order of importance. (把你的任务按重要性排序。)”。根据下文“you should study in an order. (你应按顺序学习)”可知，强调“排序”的必要性。空处需点明“如何排序”，选项B“Learn to arrange the subjects in order of importance. (学会按重要性排列学科)”符合段落逻辑和语境。故选B。 三、翻译题：本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分 36. 为了能被观众听到，表演者们必须高声地歌唱。（in high voices）(句子汉译英) ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】In order to be heard by the audiences, performers have to sing in high voices. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词不定式作目的状语及时态。根据句意可知，该句描述客观情况，应用一般现在时。为了能被观众听到：In order to be heard by the audiences，是由in order to引导的动词不定式短语作目的状语，其中to be heard by the audiences是不定式一般式的被动式；表演者们：performers，作主语；必须唱：have to sing，作谓语，一般现在时；高声地：in high voices，作方式状语。句首首字母大写。故本句译为：In order to be heard by the audiences, performers have to sing in high voices. 37. 那段时间，我总是在听贝多芬的交响乐时反思人生。（根据中文句意完句） During that time, I always ________ ________ my life while listening to Beethoven’s symphony. 【答案】 ①. reflected ②. on 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。“反思”是动词短语“reflect on”，根据时间状语During that time可知，句子描述的是过去总会发生的事情，应使用一般过去时，动词reflect应使用过去式reflected。故填reflected；on。 38. 他唱得那么大声，隔壁的人都能听见。（根据中文句意完句） So loudly ________ that even people in the next room could hear him. 【答案】did he sing 【解析】 【详解】考查部分倒装。在so ... that ...结构中，若将so+adj./adv.置于句首，则其后的主句要用部分倒装形式，也就是将系动词/助动词/情态动词放在主语之前，谓语动词使用原形。本句时态为一般过去时，“唱”是动词“sing”，主语“他”是人称代词“he”，助动词使用did。故填did he sing。 39. 英国是一个历史悠久国家，在地理上由四个部分组成。（根据中文句意完句） The UK is a country with a long history, ________ four parts geographically. 【答案】consisting of 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词及动词短语。由……组成：consist of。分析句子可知，此句中有动词is，所以横线上是非谓语动词；“consist of”与逻辑主语“The UK”之间是主动关系，所以使用现在分词作后置定语。故答案为：consisting of。 40. 餐桌上的不知名的黄色的花发出一种芳香，所以珍妮低下头去闻花香。（根据中文句意完句） The unknown yellow flowers on the table ________ a sweet smell, so Jane lowered her face to smell them. 【答案】gave out 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。“发出”是动词短语“give out”，根据lowered可知，句子时态是一般过去时，所以动词give要用过去式gave。故填gave out。 四、短文填空：本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分 The Suez Canal, ____41____ it currently exists, is a 193-kilometer artificial waterway connecting the Mediterranean Sea at Port Said to the Red Sea at Port Tewfik. This waterway connects the Atlantic and Indian Oceans in a way that doesn’t require a ship heading between Europe and Asia ____42____ go around Africa or wait for the ice to melt in the Arctic. The canal also, unlike the Panama Canal, has no locks at all, making it ____43____ (easy) for some of the world’s ships to slip right through and for the canal ____44____ (expand), should the Egyptian government prioritize such a project. As tough as it may have been to build a canal ____45____ this scale, the Suez Canal was far from the first of its kind of area. In fact a canal of this sort was first attempted by Egypt in the 19th century BC, under the rule of Middle Kingdom pharaoh Senusret Ⅱ. A canal was reportedly later opened by the time of the Islamic Caliphates but it was reportedly closed in the 8th century AD. That combined with the Red Sea gradually receding away from what are now the Bitter Lakes ____46____ (cause) the canal to fade into disuse. In the following decades, a railway was set up between Alexandria and Suez but this wasn’t good enough for global trade, so guess what they thought of? That’s right, ____47____ canal! Construction broke ground in 1859 and took ten years ____48____ a grand total of over 1.5 million workers throughout the decade. The area, seeing virtually immediate success, ____49____ (declare) in the Constantinople Convention to be an international zone under British protection. This ____50____ play a pivotal part in the World Wars, and also contribute to conflict between Britain and Egypt in the Suez Crisis. 【答案】41. as 42. to 43 easier 44. to be expanded 45. on 46. caused 47. another 48. with 49. was declared 50. would 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了苏伊士运河的作用和修建经过。 【41题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：苏伊士运河，正如它目前存在的那样，是一条长193公里的人工水道，连接了塞得港的地中海和图菲克港的红海。此处引导方式状语从句，表示“正如”，应用as。故填as。 【42题详解】 考查代词。句意：这条航道以一种特殊的方式连接了大西洋和印度洋：它使得往返于欧洲与亚洲之间的船只无需绕经非洲，也不必等待北极的冰层融化（再通行）。句中“heading between Europe and Asia”是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰“ship”；此处考查动词短语结构“require sth. to do (需要某物做某事)”，即：require a ship to go... or wait...。故填to。 【43题详解】 考查比较级。句意：此外，与巴拿马运河不同的是，这条运河根本没有水闸，这使得世界上一些船只更容易通过，如果埃及政府优先考虑这样一个项目，也使得这条运河也更容易得到扩建。结合句意可知，这是将“无水闸”与“有水闸”的情况作对比，应用形容词easy的比较级easier，表示“更容易”。故填easier。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，与巴拿马运河不同的是，这条运河根本没有水闸，这使得世界上一些船只更容易通过，如果埃及政府优先考虑这样一个项目，这条运河也更容易得到扩建。此处为“make it adj. for sb. to do sth.”结构，且expand与canal构成被动关系，故用to be done形式。故填to be expanded。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：尽管修建如此规模的运河可能很困难，但苏伊士运河绝不是这类地区的首个运河。结合句意可知，此处“... scale”作后置定语，修饰canal，考查与scale构成固定搭配的介词“on”，“on this scale”表示“如此规模”。故填on。 【46题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：再加上红海逐渐从现在的苦水湖中退去，这就导致了运河的废弃。根据上文“That combined with the Red Sea”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填caused。 【47题详解】 考查形容词。句意：没错，另一条运河！修饰单数名词canal，表示“另一个的”应用another。故填another。 【48题详解】 考查连词。句意：1859年破土动工，历时10年，总共雇佣了150多万工人。此句用并列连词and连接两个谓语“broke ground”和“took”，空处需用介词“with”与后文构成复合结构“with+宾+宾补”作伴随状语，即“with+ a grand total of over 1.5 million workers (名词短语作宾语)+ throughout the decade (介宾短语作宾补)”，用来伴随描述此项工程投入的人力和耗费的时长。故填with。 【49题详解】 考查动词时态及语态。句意：这一地区很快就取得了成功，《君士坦丁堡公约》宣布该地区为英国保护下的国际区域。描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时，且主语The area与谓语动词declare构成被动关系，主语The area为第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填was declared。 【50题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：这将在世界大战中发挥关键作用，也促成了英国和埃及在苏伊士运河危机中的冲突。结合语境可知，此处表示从过去某一时间来看，将要发生的动作或呈现的状态，应用过去将来时，结构为“would+动词原形”。故填would。 五、写作题（共1题） 书面表达 51. 为了帮助中学生健康成长，某中学英文报开辟了“HEART-TO-HEART”专栏。假设你是该栏目的编辑Jamie，收到一封署名为Worried的求助信。信中该同学向你诉说了自己的困扰：近日容易发脾气，使正常的学习和生活受到了影响。请用英文给该同学写一封回信。 内容要点如下： 1.表示理解并给予安慰； 2.提出建议并说明理由。 注意： 1.词数80~120词； 2.信中不能出现与本人相关的信息； 3.信的开头和结尾已为你拟好，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：temper n.脾气；情绪 Hi Worried, I’m sorry to know that you’re having such a bad time at the moment. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Jamie 【答案】例文： Hi Worried, I’m sorry to know that you’re having such a bad time at the moment. The truth is that everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong, so you don’t have to worry so much. The important thing is to learn to control your temper so that you may not do or say anything you’ll regret. Here are three useful tips. First, talk to someone you trust about how you feel. This is a good way of letting your anger out without hurting others or yourself. Second, go outdoors and play team games with your friends as physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger. And third, remain optimistic about your future. I hope you’ll soon feel calmer and carry on as normal. Yours, Jamie 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。请用英文给一位有困扰的同学写一封回信。 【详解】1.词汇积累 事实：truth→ fact 每个人：everyone→ everybody 重要的：important→ vital 建议：tip→ suggestion 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Here are three useful tips. 拓展句：Here are three useful tips, which may help you. 【点睛】【高分句型1】First, talk to someone you trust about how you feel. (运用了how引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】 I hope you’ll soon feel calmer and carry on as normal. (运用了省略了that的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $