专题01 语法归纳：动词-ing作主语、宾语、表语（期中复习讲义）高二英语上学期人教版

专题01 动词-ing形式（期中复习讲义） 单元 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 选必一Unit3~Unit4 动词-ing形式作主语、宾语、表语 单项选择 语法填空等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 知识点01 动词-ing形式 The -ing form 形式 主动 被动 一般式 (not) doing (not) being done 完成式 (not) having done (not) having been done 复合结构 sb/sb’s doing 知识点02 动词-ing作主语 一、动词-ing形式作主语表示含义： 动词-ing形式作主语，表示一般或抽象的习惯性行为，谓语动词用单数。 例句：Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language. 二、It作形式主语 在一些句子中，常用it作形式主语放句首，真正的主语动词-ing形式放句末。 例句：It is no use crying over spilt milk. 三、常见句型： It + be + a waste of time doing … 做……是浪费时间的 It be no good/use doing … 做……是没益/用处的 It be hardly/scarcely worth doing … 做……不值得 It be worth/worthwhile doing … 做……是值得的 There is no sense in doing … 做……没有道理 【即时检测】 Eugene’s never willing to alter any of his opinions. It’s no use _________ (argue) with him. 知识点03 动词-ing作宾语 一、动词-ing作动词的宾语 1. 常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词(短语)： “承认”(admit) “冒险”(risk)别“继续”(keep) “理解”(understand)“原谅”(excuse)和“感激”(appreciate) “推迟”(delay)“享受”(enjoy)真可惜 “完成”(finish)“想象”(imagine)又“建议”(suggest, advise) “避免”(avoid, escape)“介意”(mind)别“延期”(put off) “错过”(miss)以后不“考虑”(consider) “允许”(allow)“抵制”(resist, stand)或“放弃”(give up) “坚持”(insist on)“练习”(practise)要牢记 2. 接动词-ing /to do 作宾语意义无区别： 有些动词后既可跟动词-ing形式作宾语, 也可跟动词不定式作宾语, 且后接以上两种形式作宾语时意义上没有什么区别。常见的有：begin, start, continue, love, prefer, like, hate等。 例句： I began reading / to read this novel last month and I still haven't finished it. 3. 接动词-ing /to do 作宾语意义有区别： 有些动词(短语)后既可跟动词-ing形式作宾语，也可跟动词不定式作宾语，但两者意义不同。 常见的有：remember, forget, regret, try, mean, go on等。 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 remember to do sth. 记住要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 go on doing sth. 继续做某事 go on to do sth. 做完一件事后接着做另一件事 regret doing sth. 为做过某事而感到后悔 regret to do sth. 遗憾(抱歉)要做某事 try doing sth. 试着做某事 try to do sth. 努力去做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 mean to do sth. 打算做某事 二、动词-ing作介词的宾语 The -ing form 作介词的宾语时需要注意: be / get used to, look forward to, pay attention to 等中的 to 都是介词，不是不定式符号to do. 常见的带介词 to 的短语: object to（反对） devote oneself to（献身于） keep to（坚持） contribute to（有助于） be / get used to（习惯于） look forward to（盼望） get down to（着手做） admit to（承认） lead to（导致） be equal to（胜任的） stick to（忠于；坚持） pay attention to（注意） be addicted to（沉溺于） 【即时检测】 Would you mind ________ (wait) here for some minutes? 知识点04 动词-ing形式作表语 一、动词-ing形式作表语的含义 动词-ing形式作表语，说明主语的内容，常指一般性、经常性的动作。 例句：Susan's hobbies are reading and cooking. 二、分词形容词作表语 一些表示状态、品质等的动词-ing形式具有形容词的性质, 也可作表语, 表示主语所具有的特征或属性。多意为 “令人……”, 常修饰物。 例句：The speech he gave this morning is inspiring. 【即时检测】 The story is very _____________ (encourage). 基础题（测试时间：10分钟） 1、 单项选择 1.(2023·北京海淀·期中) __________ to music is a good way to relax. A. Listen B. Listening C. To listen D. Listened 2. (2022·浙江杭州·期末) I really enjoy __________ novels in my spare time. A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads 3. (2023·广东深圳·月考) His favorite hobby is __________ model planes. A. collect B. to collect C. collecting D. collects 4. (2022·江苏南京·月考) It's no use __________ over spilt milk. A. cry B. to cry C. crying D. cried 5. (2023·上海浦东·期中) She suggested __________ a picnic this weekend. A. have B. to have C. having D. had 6. (2022·湖北武汉·期末) __________ English every day helps you improve it quickly. A. Practice B. Practicing C. To practice D. Practiced 7. (2023·天津南开·月考) My job is __________ the environment. A. protect B. to protect C. protecting D. protects 8. (2022·四川成都·期中) Would you mind __________ the window? It's a bit hot here. A. open B. to open C. opening D. opened 9. (2023·辽宁大连·期末) One of the difficulties is __________ enough money. A. get B. to get C. getting D. got 10. (2022·福建厦门·月考) I can't stand __________ in such a noisy room. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked 二、语法填空题 1.(2023·北京海淀·期中) __________ (listen) to music is a good way to relax. 2. (2022·浙江杭州·期末) Many people enjoy __________ (jog) in the park on weekends. 3. (2023·广东深圳·月考) Her favorite job is __________ (teach) children English. 4. (2022·江苏南京·月考) It's no use __________ (worry) about the past. 5. (2023·上海浦东·期中) He suggested __________ (visit) the museum instead. 6. (2022·湖北武汉·期末) __________ (learn) a foreign language requires patience. 7. (2023·天津南开·月考) My main task is __________ (prepare) for the exam. 8. (2022·四川成都·期中) Would you mind __________ (lend) me your notes? 9. (2023·辽宁大连·期末) One challenge is __________ (get) enough clean water. 10.(2022·福建厦门·月考) I can't imagine __________ (live) in a city without trees. 提升题（测试时间：10分钟） 1、 单项选择题 1. (2023·湖南长沙·联考) __________ well in the exam requires careful preparation and a calm mind. A. Do B. Doing C. To do D. Having done 2. (2022·山东青岛·模拟) What I hate most is __________ to tell the same story again and again. A. ask B. asking C. being asked D. to be asked 3. (2023·陕西西安·一模) He denied __________ the window, but no one believed him. A. break B. to break C. breaking D. broken 4. (2022·重庆·二诊) It's considered a waste of time __________ without a clear goal. A. to study B. studying C. study D. studied 5. (2023·吉林长春·期末) Her success lies in __________ never __________ up. A. her; giving B. she; give C. her; gives D. she; giving 二、语法填空 1.(2023·湖南长沙·联考) __________ (perform) well in any field requires great effort. 2. (2022·山东青岛·模拟) What she appreciates is __________ (treat) sincerely by others. 3. (2023·陕西西安·一模) The athlete admitted __________ (violate) the rules of the game. 4.(2022·重庆·二诊) It's considered bad manners __________ (talk) loudly in public. 5.(2023·吉林长春·期末) The key to success is __________ (set) your goal and never giving up. 拓展题（测试时间：10分钟） 1、 单项选择题 1.(2023·江苏启东·模拟) __________ in a famous university is not the only way to success. A. Educated B. Being educated C. Educating D. To educate 2. (2022·浙江镇海中学·月考) The problem is far from __________, and we need to work harder. A. solve B. solved C. solving D. being solved 3.(2023·上海中学·期中) He was punished for __________, which was against the school rules. A. he cheating B. his cheating C. him cheat D. his cheat 4.(2022·人大附中·期末) __________ to the party, he felt very disappointed. A. Not inviting B. Not having been invited C. Not having invited D. Not to be invited 5.(2023·华师大二附中·模拟) What worried the child most was __________ to visit his mother in the hospital. A. his not allowing B. his not being allowed C. him not to allow D. him not allowed 二、语法填空题 1.(2023·江苏启东·模拟) __________ (invite) to the party was a great surprise for me. 2.(2022·浙江镇海中学·月考) The problem is far from __________ (solve). 3.(2023·上海中学·期中) The teacher insisted on __________ (we, finish) the experiment first. 4.(2022·人大附中·期末) __________ (he, win) the championship made him a hero. 5.(2023·华师大二附中·模拟) __________ (operate) on for hours, the patient felt thirsty. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 动词-ing形式（期中复习讲义） 单元 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 选必一Unit3~Unit4 动词-ing形式作主语、宾语、表语 单项选择 语法填空等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 知识点01 动词-ing形式 The -ing form 形式 主动 被动 一般式 (not) doing (not) being done 完成式 (not) having done (not) having been done 复合结构 sb/sb’s doing 知识点02 动词-ing作主语 一、动词-ing形式作主语表示含义： 动词-ing形式作主语，表示一般或抽象的习惯性行为，谓语动词用单数。 例句：Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language. 二、It作形式主语 在一些句子中，常用it作形式主语放句首，真正的主语动词-ing形式放句末。 例句：It is no use crying over spilt milk. 三、常见句型： It + be + a waste of time doing … 做……是浪费时间的 It be no good/use doing … 做……是没益/用处的 It be hardly/scarcely worth doing … 做……不值得 It be worth/worthwhile doing … 做……是值得的 There is no sense in doing … 做……没有道理 【即时检测】 Eugene’s never willing to alter any of his opinions. It’s no use _________ (argue) with him. 【答案】arguing 【解析】动词-ing作主语。It是形式主语，“arguing with him”是真正主语。句型“It is no use doing sth.译为“做某事是没有用的”。 知识点03 动词-ing作宾语 一、动词-ing作动词的宾语 1. 常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词(短语)： “承认”(admit) “冒险”(risk)别“继续”(keep) “理解”(understand)“原谅”(excuse)和“感激”(appreciate) “推迟”(delay)“享受”(enjoy)真可惜 “完成”(finish)“想象”(imagine)又“建议”(suggest, advise) “避免”(avoid, escape)“介意”(mind)别“延期”(put off) “错过”(miss)以后不“考虑”(consider) “允许”(allow)“抵制”(resist, stand)或“放弃”(give up) “坚持”(insist on)“练习”(practise)要牢记 2. 接动词-ing /to do 作宾语意义无区别： 有些动词后既可跟动词-ing形式作宾语, 也可跟动词不定式作宾语, 且后接以上两种形式作宾语时意义上没有什么区别。常见的有：begin, start, continue, love, prefer, like, hate等。 例句： I began reading / to read this novel last month and I still haven't finished it. 3. 接动词-ing /to do 作宾语意义有区别： 有些动词(短语)后既可跟动词-ing形式作宾语，也可跟动词不定式作宾语，但两者意义不同。 常见的有：remember, forget, regret, try, mean, go on等。 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 remember to do sth. 记住要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 go on doing sth. 继续做某事 go on to do sth. 做完一件事后接着做另一件事 regret doing sth. 为做过某事而感到后悔 regret to do sth. 遗憾(抱歉)要做某事 try doing sth. 试着做某事 try to do sth. 努力去做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 mean to do sth. 打算做某事 二、动词-ing作介词的宾语 The -ing form 作介词的宾语时需要注意: be / get used to, look forward to, pay attention to 等中的 to 都是介词，不是不定式符号to do. 常见的带介词 to 的短语: object to（反对） devote oneself to（献身于） keep to（坚持） contribute to（有助于） be / get used to（习惯于） look forward to（盼望） get down to（着手做） admit to（承认） lead to（导致） be equal to（胜任的） stick to（忠于；坚持） pay attention to（注意） be addicted to（沉溺于） 【即时检测】 Would you mind ________ (wait) here for some minutes? 【答案】waiting 【解析】mind译为“介意”，常接动词-ing作宾语。 知识点04 动词-ing形式作表语 一、动词-ing形式作表语的含义 动词-ing形式作表语，说明主语的内容，常指一般性、经常性的动作。 例句：Susan's hobbies are reading and cooking. 二、分词形容词作表语 一些表示状态、品质等的动词-ing形式具有形容词的性质, 也可作表语, 表示主语所具有的特征或属性。多意为 “令人……”, 常修饰物。 例句：The speech he gave this morning is inspiring. 【即时检测】 The story is very _____________ (encourage). 【答案】encouraging 【解析】句中缺少表语，且代指“故事”，需要用encouraging，译为“鼓舞人心的”。 基础题（测试时间：10分钟） 1、 单项选择 1.(2023·北京海淀·期中) __________ to music is a good way to relax. A. Listen B. Listening C. To listen D. Listened 【答案】B 【解析】 空格处需要作句子的主语，动词-ing形式（动名词）常用作主语，表示泛指或习惯性的行为。 2. (2022·浙江杭州·期末) I really enjoy __________ novels in my spare time. A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads 【答案】C 【解析】 动词enjoy后面必须接动词-ing形式作宾语，构成enjoy doing sth.的固定搭配。 3. (2023·广东深圳·月考) His favorite hobby is __________ model planes. A. collect B. to collect C. collecting D. collects 【答案】C 【解析】 空格位于系动词is之后，作表语，说明主语hobby的内容，用动词-ing形式。 4. (2022·江苏南京·月考) It's no use __________ over spilt milk. A. cry B. to cry C. crying D. cried 【答案】C 【解析】 It's no use/good doing sth.是固定句型，it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动名词短语。 5. (2023·上海浦东·期中) She suggested __________ a picnic this weekend. A. have B. to have C. having D. had 【答案】C 【解析】 动词suggest后接动词-ing形式作宾语，即suggest doing sth.。 6. (2022·湖北武汉·期末) __________ English every day helps you improve it quickly. A. Practice B. Practicing C. To practice D. Practiced 【答案】B 【解析】 动名词短语Practicing English every day在句中作主语，表示一个经常性的动作。 7. (2023·天津南开·月考) My job is __________ the environment. A. protect B. to protect C. protecting D. protects 【答案】C 【解析】 动名词作表语，用来说明主语job的具体内容，相当于解释“我的工作是什么”。 8. (2022·四川成都·期中) Would you mind __________ the window? It's a bit hot here. A. open B. to open C. opening D. opened 【答案】C 【解析】 mind后接动词-ing形式作宾语，表示“介意做某事”。 9. (2023·辽宁大连·期末) One of the difficulties is __________ enough money. A. get B. to get C. getting D. got 【答案】C 【解析】 动名词短语getting enough money在系动词is后作表语。 10. (2022·福建厦门·月考) I can't stand __________ in such a noisy room. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked 【答案】C 【解析】 stand（忍受）后接动词-ing形式作宾语，即stand doing sth.。 二、语法填空题 1.(2023·北京海淀·期中) __________ (listen) to music is a good way to relax. 【答案】Listening 【解析】 空格在句首作主语，表示一个泛指的活动，应用动名词形式。 2. (2022·浙江杭州·期末) Many people enjoy __________ (jog) in the park on weekends. 【答案】jogging 【解析】 动词enjoy后必须接动名词作宾语。 3. (2023·广东深圳·月考) Her favorite job is __________ (teach) children English. 【答案】teaching 【解析】 动名词短语在系动词is后作表语，说明主语“job”的具体内容。 4. (2022·江苏南京·月考) It's no use __________ (worry) about the past. 【答案】worrying 【解析】 It's no use/good doing sth.是固定句型，真正的主语是动名词。 5. (2023·上海浦东·期中) He suggested __________ (visit) the museum instead. 【答案】visiting 【解析】 动词suggest后接动名词作宾语。 6. (2022·湖北武汉·期末) __________ (learn) a foreign language requires patience. 【答案】Learning 【解析】 动名词短语在句中作主语。 7. (2023·天津南开·月考) My main task is __________ (prepare) for the exam. 【答案】preparing 【解析】 动名词作表语，说明主语task的内容。 8. (2022·四川成都·期中) Would you mind __________ (lend) me your notes? 【答案】lending 【解析】 mind后接动名词作宾语。 9. (2023·辽宁大连·期末) One challenge is __________ (get) enough clean water. 【答案】getting 【解析】 动名词短语在系动词is后作表语。 10.(2022·福建厦门·月考) I can't imagine __________ (live) in a city without trees. 【答案】living 【解析】 动词imagine后接动名词作宾语。 提升题（测试时间：10分钟） 1、 单项选择题 1. (2023·湖南长沙·联考) __________ well in the exam requires careful preparation and a calm mind. A. Do B. Doing C. To do D. Having done 【答案】B 【解析】 动名词短语Doing well in the exam作主语，强调“考好”这件事本身。Having done是完成式，强调动作在先，此处无此必要。 2. (2022·山东青岛·模拟) What I hate most is __________ to tell the same story again and again. A. ask B. asking C. being asked D. to be asked 【答案】C 【解析】 动名词的被动形式being asked作表语。主语“我最讨厌的事”是“被要求”，故用被动语态。 3. (2023·陕西西安·一模) He denied __________ the window, but no one believed him. A. break B. to break C. breaking D. broken 【答案】C 【解析】 deny（否认）后接动词-ing形式作宾语，即deny doing sth.。 4. (2022·重庆·二诊) It's considered a waste of time __________ without a clear goal. A. to study B. studying C. study D. studied 【答案】B 【解析】 It is considered...结构中，it是形式主语。动名词短语studying without a clear goal是真正主语，常用于It is no use/good/worth/waste time...等结构中。 5. (2023·吉林长春·期末) Her success lies in __________ never __________ up. A. her; giving B. she; give C. her; gives D. she; giving 【答案】A 【解析】 介词in后接动名词作宾语。动名词的复合结构作宾语时，逻辑主语用形容词性物主代词her或代词宾格her，后接giving up。 二、语法填空 1.(2023·湖南长沙·联考) __________ (perform) well in any field requires great effort. 【答案】Performing 【解析】 动名词短语作主语，泛指“在任何领域表现出色”这件事。 2. (2022·山东青岛·模拟) What she appreciates is __________ (treat) sincerely by others. 【答案】being treated 【解析】 动名词的被动形式being treated作表语。主语“她欣赏的事情”是“被真诚对待”，故需用被动语态。 3. (2023·陕西西安·一模) The athlete admitted __________ (violate) the rules of the game. 【答案】violating 【解析】 动词admit后接动名词作宾语。 4.(2022·重庆·二诊) It's considered bad manners __________ (talk) loudly in public. 【答案】talking 【解析】 It is considered...结构中，动名词短语talking loudly in public是真正主语，表示泛指行为。 5.(2023·吉林长春·期末) The key to success is __________ (set) your goal and never giving up. 【答案】setting 【解析】 介词to后接动名词setting作宾语。动名词短语共同作表语。 拓展题（测试时间：10分钟） 1、 单项选择题 1.(2023·江苏启东·模拟) __________ in a famous university is not the only way to success. A. Educated B. Being educated C. Educating D. To educate 【答案】B 【解析】 动名词的被动形式Being educated作主语。句意为“在一所著名大学接受教育”，主语与educate之间是被动关系。 2. (2022·浙江镇海中学·月考) The problem is far from __________, and we need to work harder. A. solve B. solved C. solving D. being solved 【答案】D 【解析】 far from后接动名词作宾语。问题“被解决”，故用动名词的被动形式being solved。 3.(2023·上海中学·期中) He was punished for __________, which was against the school rules. A. he cheating B. his cheating C. him cheat D. his cheat 【答案】B 【解析】 介词for后接动名词的复合结构作宾语。逻辑主语用形容词性物主代词his，后接动名词cheating。 4.(2022·人大附中·期末) __________ to the party, he felt very disappointed. A. Not inviting B. Not having been invited C. Not having invited D. Not to be invited 【答案】B 【解析】 动名词的完成被动形式Not having been invited作原因状语。其逻辑主语是句子的主语he，他与“邀请”之间是被动关系，且“未被邀请”发生在“感到失望”之前。 5.(2023·华师大二附中·模拟) What worried the child most was __________ to visit his mother in the hospital. A. his not allowing B. his not being allowed C. him not to allow D. him not allowed 【答案】B 【解析】 动名词的复合结构的否定被动形式his not being allowed作表语。逻辑主语用his，否定词not置于动名词之前，“被允许”故用被动形式。 二、语法填空题 (2023·江苏启东·模拟) __________ (invite) to the party was a great surprise for me. 【答案】Being invited 【解析】 动名词的被动形式Being invited作主语。“我”与“邀请”之间是被动关系。 2.(2022·浙江镇海中学·月考) The problem is far from __________ (solve). 【答案】being solved 【解析】 介词from后接动名词作宾语。问题“被解决”，故用动名词的被动形式。 3.(2023·上海中学·期中) The teacher insisted on __________ (we, finish) the experiment first. 【答案】our finishing 【解析】 介词on后接动名词的复合结构作宾语。逻辑主语用形容词性物主代词our。 4.(2022·人大附中·期末) __________ (he, win) the championship made him a hero. 【答案】His winning 【解析】 动名词的复合结构His winning在句中作主语。逻辑主语应用所有格形式His。 5.(2023·华师大二附中·模拟) __________ (operate) on for hours, the patient felt thirsty. 【答案】Having been operated 【解析】 动名词的完成被动形式Having been operated作原因状语。主语the patient与“手术”是被动关系，且动作发生在谓语之前。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $