专题05 完形填空（期中真题汇编）高二英语上学期人教版

专题05 完形填空 主题01 人与社会——人际互动与教育理念 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·安徽·期中） I was given some grape shoots by a friend the other day. So, I went to 1 some garden soil. After putting two bags into my shopping cart (手推车), I 2 the checkout. There were several people in line, and others were still shopping. As I joined the line, I 3 I had stood in front of an elderly couple by mistake — Bob and Nancy — who had some flowers in their cart. Immediately backing out, I made a(n) 4 . The couple said, “We aren’t 5 and go ahead.” Then we started talking about their 6 , which Nancy planned to plant in pots in her backyard. 7 , Nancy stopped and said, “Oh no! I forgot the potting soil.” Bob 8 their cart and told her, “There’s no 9 left in the cart. Plus, I can’t carry that bag back here!” They discussed it again and again, and I could tell the elderly man wasn’t able to 10 it. I said to Nancy, “I have room in my cart. Why not use my cart to bring the potting soil back?” A look of 11 spread across Nancy’s face. We quickly got the soil and returned to the checkout. Bob had 12 the flowers to make room for it. When the cashier (收银员) checked me out, she asked if I 13 anything else. I said I had got everything I wanted. However, what she said next 14 me, “I noticed your kindness to that couple. I’ve given you 10% off on your entire order.” I left the store with a warm heart. This experience has taught me that kindness can be catching and what we give to others often returns to us in 15 ways. 1．A．study B．share C．get D．compare 2．A．returned to B．headed for C．took over D．passed by 3．A．guessed B．remembered C．ignored D．realized 4．A．apology B．promise C．attempt D．contribution 5．A．regretful B．hurried C．familiar D．stressed 6．A．flowers B．trees C．fruits D．vegetables 7．A．Immediately B．Normally C．Unfortunately D．Suddenly 8．A．checked B．fixed C．approached D．decorated 9．A．plant B．space C．money D．tool 10．A．recognize B．understand C．manage D．explain 11．A．appreciation B．curiosity C．pride D．determination 12．A．thrown B．grown C．recovered D．rearranged 13．A．forgot B．enjoyed C．required D．noticed 14．A．calmed B．rescued C．tested D．surprised 15．A．unavoidable B．unexpected C．unwanted D．unaffordable 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者一次商店购物的经历，体现了善意会传递且付出可能会有意外收获的道理。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：前几天朋友给了我一些葡萄插条，所以我去取一些园土。A. study学习；B. share分享；C. get得到，获取；D. compare比较。根据上文“I was given some grape shoots by a friend the other day.”可知，朋友给了葡萄插条，所以我去“获取”园土来种植。故选C项。 2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：把两袋园土放进购物车后，我走向收银台。A. returned to返回；B. headed for前往，走向；C. took over接管；D. passed by路过。根据上文“After putting two bags into my shopping cart”以及下文“the checkout”，可推知，此处指所需物品放进购物车后应是“走向”收银台结账。故选B项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我排进队伍里时，我意识到自己不小心站到了一对老年夫妇——鲍勃和南希——的前面，他们的购物车里有一些花。A. guessed猜测；B. remembered记得；C. ignored忽视；D. realized意识到。根据下文“by mistake (错误地)”以及“Immediately backing out”可知，是我“意识到”自己排错队了。故选D项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我立刻退了出来，道了歉。A. apology道歉；B. promise承诺；C. attempt尝试；D. contribution贡献。根据上文“I had stood in front of an elderly couple by mistake”可推知，此处指排队不小心站到别人前面，应是“道歉”。故选A项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇说：“我们不着急，你先来。”A. regretful后悔的；B. hurried匆忙的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. stressed有压力的。根据下文“go ahead”可知，他们说不“着急”，让我先排队结账。故选B项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我们开始谈论他们的花，南希打算把这些花种在后院的花盆里。A. flowers花；B. trees树；C. fruits水果；D. vegetables蔬菜。根据“which Nancy planned to plant in pots in her backyard”以及上文“who had some flowers in their cart”可知，谈论的是“花”。故选A项。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，南希停了下来，说：“哦，不！我忘了买盆栽土了。”A. Immediately立刻；B. Normally正常地；C. Unfortunately不幸地；D. Suddenly突然地。根据下文“Oh no! I forgot”可知，此处是南希惊讶地发现自己忘了买东西，应是“突然”想起来。故选D项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：鲍勃查看了他们的购物车，然后告诉她：“购物车里没地方了。而且，我没法把那袋土再搬回这儿来！”A. checked检查，查看；B. fixed修理；C. approached靠近；D. decorated装饰。根据下文“their cart and told her”可推知，此处指鲍勃应该是“查看”购物车，看有没有位置可以放得下盆栽土。故选A项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：鲍勃查看了他们的购物车，然后告诉她：“购物车里没地方了。而且，我没法把那袋土再搬回这儿来！”A. plant植物；B. space空间；C. money钱；D. tool工具。根据下文“make room for it”可知，此处说的是购物车没“位置/空间”了。故选B项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们反复讨论，我能看出这位年长的男士没法应对这件事了。A. recognize认出；B. understand理解；C. manage应对，设法做到；D. explain解释。根据上文“discussed it again and again”可知，男士没办法“解决/应对”当前的困难了。故选C项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：南希的脸上露出了感激的神情。A. appreciation感激；B. curiosity好奇；C. pride骄傲；D. determination决心。根据上文“I have room in my cart. Why not use my cart to bring the potting soil back?”可知，我提出帮忙，南希应是心怀“感激”。故选A项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：鲍勃重新整理了花，为土腾出空间。A. thrown扔；B. grown种植；C. recovered恢复；D. rearranged重新整理。根据下文“to make room for it”可知，要给土腾空间，需要“重新整理”花，调整位置。故选D项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当收银员给我结账时，她问我是否还需要别的东西。A. forgot忘记；B. enjoyed享受；C. required需要；D. noticed注意到。根据上文“she asked if I”以及下文“anything else”可知，收银员通常会问顾客是否还“需要”其它东西。故选C项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，她接下来的话让我很惊讶：“我注意到你对那对夫妇的善意。我给你整个订单打九折。”A. calmed使平静；B. rescued营救；C. tested测试；D. surprised使惊讶。结合语境，再根据下文“I’ve given you 10% off”可推知，此处指我没预料到会得到折扣，所以是“被惊到”了。故选D项。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次经历告诉我，善意是会传染的，我们给予别人的东西往往会以意想不到的方式回报我们。A. unavoidable不可避免的；B. unexpected意想不到的；C. unwanted不想要的；D. unaffordable买不起的。结合语境，再根据上文可知，得到折扣是作者没预料到的，因此是以“意想不到的”方式。故选B项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·四川广元·期中） “Good Night Lights” began as a game by Steve Brosnihan, a volunteer at Hasbro Children’s Hospital. He moves from room to room chatting to 16 the sick children up. During one 17 to a teenager who would be in the hospital for the last night, he decided to do something 18 for their final farewell. As he left, Brosnihan told the teenager to watch the corner near the bus stop from his window. Brosnihan 19 to that spot in a parking area, and shone his bike light up toward the hospital. To his surprise, the teen shone his own room lights back 20 . Brosnihan made it a(an) 21 to shine his bike light to kids as he left for the night as a fun way to say goodbye. When he mentioned this activity to a friend, the owner of a 22 restaurant, the friend agreed to shine the restaurant’s lights at 8:30 every night for one 23 . The nightly tradition became such a 24 that customers started joining in too. Good Night Lights has been such a simple yet 25 event for the community to support young patients. For 60 seconds, patients were 26 in a luminous (发光的) dialogue with residents. “It would be very hard not to do this 27 you start,” says Brosnihan. “You do it to represent how much you care for kids and families who 28 a lot during their hard times in hospital.” Brosnihan hopes it 29 more. “In my grander dreams, I hope other cities 30 the idea and create their own version of Good Night Lights,” he says. 16．A．put B．cheer C．turn D．bring 17．A．experience B．show C．visit D．journey 18．A．strange B．exciting C．similar D．different 19．A．walked B．ran C．drove D．biked 20．A．in return B．in response C．in order D．in place 21．A．goal B．activity C．routine D．interest 22．A．generous B．local C．native D．distant 23．A．second B．minute C．moment D．hour 24．A．topic B．wonder C．start D．hit 25．A．odd B．informal C．powerful D．irresponsible 26．A．involved B．crowded C．given D．participated 27．A．once B．whether C．while D．as 28．A．waste B．enjoy C．suffer D．spend 29．A．gains B．improves C．explores D．spreads 30．A．give up B．set up C．build up D．pick up 【答案】16．B 17．C 18．D 19．D 20．B 21．C 22．B 23．B 24．D 25．C 26．A 27．A 28．C 29．D 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了“晚安灯”活动如何起源并成为社区支持年轻患者的一种方式。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从一个房间走到另一个房间，和孩子们聊天，让他们振作起来。A. put放；B. cheer欢呼，使高兴；C. turn转向；D. bring带来。根据空后“the sick children(生病的孩子)”和up可知，Brosnihan是志愿者，他的目的是让生病的孩子振作起来，选项中的cheer可以与up搭配，表示“使振作起来”，符合语境。故选B。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一次探望一个将在医院度过最后一个晚上的青少年时，他决定为他们的最后告别做点特别的事情。A. experience经历；B. show表演；C. visit探望；D. journey旅行。根据前文中的“He moves from room to room chatting(他从一个房间走到另一个房间，和孩子们聊天)”可知，他穿梭在病房之间，此处指他去探望一个青少年。故选C。 18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一次探望一个将在医院度过最后一晚的青少年时，他决定为他们的最后告别做点不同的事情。A. strange奇怪的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. similar相似的；D. different不同的。根据前文中的“Good Night Lights began as a game by Steve Brosnihan(晚安灯光最初是由史蒂夫·布罗斯尼汉发起的一个活动)”和句中的“their final farewell(他们最后的告别)”可推断，Brosnihan想做点不同的事情来告别。故选D。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Brosnihan骑着自行车来到停车场的一个地方，把自行车灯照向医院。A. walked步行；B. ran跑；C. drove驾驶；D. biked骑自行车。根据后文“shone his bike light(点亮他的自行车灯)”可知，Brosnihan是骑自行车去的。故选D。 20．考查介词短语辨析。句意：令他惊讶的是，那个青少年也用自己的房间灯回应他。A. in return作为回报；B. in response作为回应；C. in order整齐；D. in place在适当的位置。根据前文“shone his bike light up toward the hospital(点亮他的自行车灯，朝医院的方向照去)”和句中的“the teen shone his own room lights (那个少年也点亮自己房间的灯)”可知，青少年用房间灯回应他。故选B。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Brosnihan把每晚离开时用自行车灯向孩子们闪光作为一种有趣的告别方式，养成了习惯。A. goal目标；B. activity活动；C. routine常规，习惯；D. interest兴趣。根据句中的“shine his bike light to kids as he left for the night as a fun way to say goodbye(点亮自行车灯照向孩子们，把这当作一种有趣的道别方式)”可知，Brosnihan把这件事养成了一种习惯。故选C。 22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他把这件事告诉一位朋友，即当地一家餐馆的老板时，这位朋友同意每晚8:30点亮餐馆的灯，持续一分钟。A. generous慷慨的；B. local当地的；C. native本地的；D. distant遥远的。根据后文中的“customers started joining in too(顾客们也开始加入进来)”可推测餐馆是当地的。故选B。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他把这件事告诉一位朋友，即当地一家餐馆的老板时，这位朋友同意每晚8:30点亮餐馆的灯，持续一分钟。A. second秒；B. minute分钟；C. moment时刻；D. hour小时。根据后文中的“For 60 seconds(长达60秒)”可知，60秒是1分钟。故选B。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每晚的传统变得如此受欢迎，以至于顾客也开始加入进来。A. topic话题；B. wonder奇迹；C. start开始；D. hit热门，受欢迎的活动。根据句中的“customers started joining in too(顾客们也开始加入进来)”可知，这件事变得受欢迎。故选D。 25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“晚安灯”对社区来说是一个简单而有力的活动，以支持年轻患者。A. odd奇怪的；B. informal非正式的；C. powerful有力的；D. irresponsible不负责任的。根据句中的“event for the community to support young patients(供社区支持年轻患者的活动)”可知，这件事虽然简单但是很有力。故选C。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：60秒内，患者们与居民进行了一场发光的对话。A. involved涉及，参与；B. crowded拥挤；C. given给；D. participated参与。根据句中的“in a luminous dialogue with residents(与居民进行一场发光的对话)”可知，此处表示患者参与了这场与居民的对话。选项中的involved可以与空前后的were和in构成搭配，表示“参与”，符合句意。故选A。 27．考查连词词义辨析。句意：“一旦你开始，就很难不这么做，”Brosnihan说。A. once一旦；B. whether是否；C. while当……时候；D. as因为。根据后文中的“You do it to represent how much you care for kids(你做这件事，是为了体现你对孩子们的关爱有多深)”可知，此处指一旦开始就很难停止。故选A。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你这样做是为了表达你对那些在医院艰难时期遭受很多痛苦的孩子们和家庭的关心。A. waste浪费；B. enjoy享受；C. suffer遭受；D. spend花费。根据句中的“during their hard times in hospital(在他们住院的艰难时光里)”可知，孩子们和他们的家庭在医院遭受痛苦。故选C。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Brosnihan希望它能传播得更远。A. gains获得；B. improves改善；C. explores探索；D. spreads传播。根据后文中的“create their own version of Good Night Lights(创造他们自己的 晚安灯光版本)”可知，Brosnihan希望这件事能传播得更远。故选D。 30．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他说：“在我更宏大的梦想中，我希望其他城市能采纳这个想法，创造他们自己的晚安灯版本。”A. give up放弃；B. set up建立；C. build up增强；D. pick up采纳，捡起。根据句中的“create their own version of Good Night Lights(创造他们自己的晚安灯光版本)”可知，Brosnihan希望其他城市能采纳这个想法。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·广东佛山·期中） We often go out to eat on weekends, especially on my husband’s birthday. He 31 loves a certain Greek restaurant that’s been around for ages. The restaurant is very kind and we always leave servants a considerable 32 . This year, I decided to do something 33 and tried the new Italian restaurant a few doors down from the Greek one. 34 , upon our arrival at the restaurant, we were 35 that there were no seats for us. My husband went straight out of the front door and I 36 him out to the Greek restaurant down the road. There are no seats 37 either. Just then the 38 of the restaurant showed us to a big 39 in the window. My husband and he were talking like the best of 40 with all the shoulder-clapping. “They’ve reserved a place for us here,” he said with 41 , and we had a good meal. What 42 and surprised us most is that the restaurant 43 us with a free birthday cake. We talked about this and my husband said that 44 the restaurant knew that day was his birthday from our membership card and we would probably be in that night, and they 45 us well because we were good customers, which stressed the value of loyalty and familiarity. 31．A．happily B．especially C．usually D．only 32．A．gift B．support C．tip D．suggestion 33．A．strange B．different C．simple D．tough 34．A．Anyway B．Moreover C．Therefore D．However 35．A．told B．expressed C．ordered D．warned 36．A．marched B．ignored C．refused D．followed 37．A．helpful B．attractive C．familiar D．available 38．A．seller B．neighbor C．robot D．owner 39．A．shelf B．container C．table D．fridge 40．A．children B．relatives C．friends D．colleagues 41．A．honor B．chance C．wonder D．pride 42．A．encouraged B．touched C．bothered D．interested 43．A．presented B．thanked C．exchanged D．confused 44．A．clearly B．confidently C．finally D．timely 45．A．favored B．protected C．treated D．examined 【答案】31．B 32．C 33．B 34．D 35．A 36．D 37．D 38．D 39．C 40．C 41．D 42．B 43．A 44．A 45．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家在丈夫生日时外出就餐，因新餐厅无座转去希腊餐厅并受到热情招待的故事。 31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他尤其喜欢一家已经经营多年的希腊餐厅。A. happily高兴地；B. especially尤其；C. usually通常；D. only仅仅。根据上文“We often go out to eat on weekends, especially on my husband’s birthday.”和下文“loves a certain Greek restaurant that’s been around for ages.”可知，前文提到“周末常外出就餐，尤其在丈夫生日时”，此处进一步强调丈夫对这家希腊餐厅的偏爱，especially表递进，符合语境。故选B。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家餐厅的服务很好，我们总是给服务员留下相当多的小费。A. gift礼物；B. support支持；C. tip小费；D. suggestion建议。根据上文“The restaurant is very kind and we always leave servants a considerable”可知，此处表示这家餐厅的服务很好，因此作者一家总是给服务员留下相当多的小费。故选C。 33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今年，我决定做些不一样的事，尝试了希腊餐厅隔壁几家店的新意大利餐厅。A. strange奇怪的；B. different不同的；C. simple简单的；D. tough艰难的。根据下文“tried the new Italian restaurant a few doors down from the Greek one”可知，今年尝试新的意大利餐厅，因此此处表示作者决定做些不同的事。故选B。 34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我们到达餐厅时，我们被告知没有座位了。A. Anyway无论如何；B. Moreover此外；C. Therefore因此；D. However然而。根据上文“tried the new Italian restaurant a few doors down from the Greek one”和下文“there were no seats for us”可知，上文说“决定尝试新餐厅”，下文“没有空位”，上下文为转折关系，应用However表示转折。故选D。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. told告诉；B. expressed表达；C. ordered命令；D. warned警告。根据下文“there were no seats for us”可知，此处表示作者一家被告知没有座位了。故选A。 36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫径直从前门出去，我跟着他走到这条路上的希腊餐厅。A. marched行军；B. ignored忽视；C. refused拒绝；D. followed跟随。根据上文“My husband went straight out of the front door”和下文“him out to the Greek restaurant down the road”可知，此处表示作者跟着丈夫走到希腊餐厅。故选D。 37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也没有座位了。A. helpful有帮助的；B. attractive有吸引力的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. available可用的，可获得的。根据上文“there were no seats for us”、“There are no seats”和下文“either”可知，此处表示希腊餐厅也没有（可用的）座位了。故选D。 38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，餐厅老板把我们带到窗边的一张大桌子旁。A. seller售货员；B. neighbor邻居；C. robot机器人；D. owner主人，老板。根据下文“of the restaurant showed us to a big 9 　 in the window. My husband and he were talking”和“They’ve reserved a place for us here”可知，能安排座位、与顾客熟络交谈的应是餐厅“老板”，此处表示餐厅老板把作者一家带到窗边的一张大桌子旁。故选D。 39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，餐厅老板把我们带到窗边的一张大桌子旁。A. shelf架子；B. container容器；C. table桌子；D. fridge冰箱。根据上文“There are no seats”和下文“They’ve reserved a place for us here”可知，在餐厅就餐需要“桌子”，此处表示餐厅老板把作者一家带到窗边的一张大桌子旁。故选C。 40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫和他像最好的朋友一样拍着肩膀交谈。A. children孩子；B. relatives亲戚；C. friends朋友；D. colleagues同事。根据下文“with all the shoulder-clapping”可知，“聊得投机、拍肩膀”是亲密朋友间的互动，此处表示丈夫和餐厅老板像最好的朋友一样拍着肩膀交谈。故选C。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“他们在这里给我们留了个地方，”他自豪地说，然后我们吃了一顿美餐。A. honor荣誉；B. chance机会；C. wonder奇迹；D. pride自豪。根据下文“They’ve reserved a place for us here”可知，餐厅预留座位，应是“自豪地”告知此事。故选D。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最让我们感动和惊讶的是，餐厅还送给我们一个免费的生日蛋糕。A. encouraged鼓励；B. touched感动；C. bothered打扰；D. interested使感兴趣。根据下文“and surprised us most is that the restaurant 13　 us with a free birthday cake”可知，餐厅免费送生日蛋糕，这一贴心举动应是“感动”了他们。故选B。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. presented赠送，呈现；B. thanked感谢；C. exchanged交换；D. confused使困惑。根据下文“us with a free birthday cake”可知，此处表示餐厅送给作者一家一个免费的生日蛋糕。故选A。 44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们谈到了这件事，我丈夫说显然餐厅从我们的会员卡上知道那天是他的生日，我们可能会在那天晚上去，而且他们对我们很好，因为我们是好顾客，这强调了忠诚和熟悉的价值。A. clearly清楚地，显然；B. confidently自信地；C. finally最后；D. timely及时地。根据上文“They’ve reserved a place for us here”、“us with a free birthday cake”和下文“the restaurant knew that day was his birthday from our membership card and we would probably be in that night”可知，餐厅能准确准备预留座位和生日蛋糕，显然是从他们的会员卡上知道那天是她丈夫的生日。故选A。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. favored偏爱；B. protected保护；C. treated对待；D. examined检查。根据上文“They’ve reserved a place for us here”、“us with a free birthday cake”和下文“because we were good customers”可知，此处表示餐厅对作者一家很好。treat sb. well是固定搭配，意为“善待某人”，符合餐厅对优质客户的态度。故选C。 主题02 人与自我——自我认知与心理发展 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·辽宁·期中） That was my first time to take part in a marathon race. The morning sun warmed my back as I stood at the 1 line. My hands shook, holding 2 a paper with my race number — 124. “Just finish,” Coach had said. “The medal isn’t 3 .” The first 5 miles flew by. 4 from the crowd pushed me forward. But at Mile 8, my left leg began to hurt. “Keep going!” I 5 , limping (瘸着走) forward. By Mile 13, it began to rain, and my shirt 6 to my skin. A runner beside me slowed. “Need company?” he asked. I nodded, and we ran on with 7 footsteps together. At Mile 18, my friend dropped back. Alone again, I stared at the 8 road ahead. The winner had finished hours ago. “Why 9 myself?” I said quietly to myself. Just then I saw Mom 10 a pink umbrella at the 20-mile mark. She looked tired, but she held up a sign: “PROUD OF YOU!” 11 , my legs felt lighter. The last mile was a blur. With my shoes filled with rainwater, every 12 made my legs especially painful. But when I saw the finish line, I tried to. A volunteer 13 me a medal. “For finishing,” she said. I collapsed (瘫倒) onto the grass, laughing through 14 . Mom hugged me. “You made it!” she said. That night, I placed the medal on my desk. Next to it, I wrote Coach’s words: “ 15 is finishing what you start.” 1．A．imaginary B．center C．starting D．boundary 2．A．sincerely B．loosely C．literally D．firmly 3．A．everything B．anything C．something D．nothing 4．A．Conversations B．Congratulations C．Cheers D．Noises 5．A．sighed B．whispered C．declared D．signed 6．A．applied B．stuck C．adapted D．led 7．A．heavy B．rapid C．light D．natural 8．A．winding B．direct C．empty D．rough 9．A．puzzle B．remind C．judge D．trouble 10．A．waving B．folding C．opening D．hanging 11．A．Finally B．Suddenly C．Gradually D．Usually 12．A．turn B．jump C．step D．look 13．A．sent B．lent C．recommended D．handed 14．A．tears B．complaints C．words D．surprises 15．A．Beating B．Winning C．Receiving D．Defending 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．A 11．B 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者首次参加马拉松，克服困难坚持完赛，领悟“完成即胜利”的故事。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我站在起跑线上时，早晨的太阳温暖着我的后背。A. imaginary虚构的；B. center中心的；C. starting开始的；D. boundary边界的。根据前文“That was my first time to take part in a marathon race.”可知，这是作者第一次参加马拉松比赛，所以此处应指站在起跑线上，starting line是固定搭配，意为“起跑线”。故选C。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我双手颤抖，紧紧地握着一张印有我比赛号码124的纸。A. sincerely真诚地；B. loosely宽松地；C. literally逐字地；D. firmly紧紧地。根据前文“My hands shook”可知，作者很紧张，所以此处应指紧紧地握着纸。故选D。 3．考查代词词义辨析。句意：奖牌并不是一切。A. everything一切；B. anything任何事；C. something某事；D. nothing没有什么。根据前文“Just finish”可知，教练认为完成比赛比获得奖牌更重要，所以此处应指奖牌并不是一切。故选A。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：人群的欢呼声推动着我前进。A. Conversations对话；B. Congratulations祝贺；C. Cheers欢呼声；D. Noises噪音。根据前文“The first 5 miles flew by.”可知，作者一开始跑得很快，所以此处应指人群的欢呼声推动着作者前进。故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“继续前进！”我低声说，一瘸一拐地向前走。A. sighed叹气；B. whispered低声说；C. declared宣布；D. signed签名。根据前文“But at Mile 8, my left leg began to hurt.”以及“Keep going!”可知，作者的腿开始疼了，所以此处应指作者低声给自己鼓劲。故选B。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：到了13英里时，开始下雨了，我的衬衫粘在了皮肤上。A. applied应用；B. stuck粘住；C. adapted适应；D. led带领。根据前文“it began to rain”可知，下雨了，所以此处应指衬衫粘在了皮肤上。故选B。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我点了点头，我们一起迈着沉重的步伐继续跑。A. heavy沉重的；B. rapid迅速的；C. light轻的；D. natural自然的。根据前文“But at Mile 8, my left leg began to hurt.”和“it began to rain”可知，作者的腿疼，又下着雨，所以此处应指步伐沉重。故选A。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我又一次独自一人，盯着前方空旷的道路。A. winding蜿蜒的；B. direct直接的；C. empty空旷的；D. rough粗糙的。根据前文“At Mile 18, my friend dropped back.”可知，朋友落后了，作者又独自一人了，所以此处应指盯着前方空旷的道路。故选C。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我为什么要自找麻烦？”我轻声对自己说。A. puzzle使困惑；B. remind提醒；C. judge判断；D. trouble麻烦。根据前文“The winner had finished hours ago.”可知，冠军已经完成比赛好几个小时了，而作者还在跑，所以此处应指作者问自己为什么要自找麻烦。故选D。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我看见妈妈在20英里处挥舞着一把粉红色的雨伞。A. waving挥舞；B. folding折叠；C. opening打开；D. hanging悬挂。根据后文“ a pink umbrella”和“She looked tired, but she held up a sign”可知，妈妈举着一个牌子，所以此处应指挥舞着雨伞，鼓励作者。故选A。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，我的腿感觉轻松了。A. Finally最后；B. Suddenly突然；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Usually通常。根据前文“I said quietly to myself.”和后文“my legs felt lighter.”可知，作者之前很沮丧，现在腿感觉轻松了，所以此处应指突然有了变化。故选B。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的鞋里灌满了雨水，每走一步都让我的腿特别疼。A. turn转动；B. jump跳跃；C. step步伐；D. look看。根据前文“With my shoes filled with rainwater”可知，鞋里灌满了雨水，所以此处应指每走一步都让腿特别疼。故选C。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位志愿者递给我一枚奖牌。A. sent发送；B. lent借出；C. recommended推荐；D. handed递给。根据后文“For finishing”可知，志愿者因为作者完成了比赛而递给作者奖牌。故选D。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我瘫倒在草地上，笑着流泪。A. tears眼泪；B. complaints抱怨；C. words话语；D. surprises惊喜。根据前文“I collapsed onto the grass”和“laughing”可知，作者完成了比赛，很激动，所以此处应指笑着流泪。故选A。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在它旁边，我写下了教练的话：“胜利就是完成你开始的事情。”A. Beating打败；B. Winning获胜，胜利；C. Receiving接收；D. Defending防御。根据前文“That night, I placed the medal on my desk.”和“For finishing”可知，作者完成了比赛，获得了奖牌，所以此处应指胜利就是完成你开始的事情。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·河北石家庄·期中） While boarding the plane, I felt an excitement rise in me. I was about to realize a dream — traveling abroad alone for the first time. And I had the 16 to go! It was a mixture of pride, recognition and admiration for myself. Landing at the San Francisco airport, I realized: I’ll have to 17 myself in this totally strange city. But I’m not afraid. I’m going to take advantage of every 18 . The question that 19 me most before departure was: Am I really going to be alone? 20 , this first trip alone also was the first trip during which I 21 many people: travelers of all ages, all styles and all origins. Therefore, I have 22 been alone. I’m not saying that I never felt alone or afraid. Surely, there were times when I imagined how 23 it would have been with my family, especially when I got lost while trying to find my hotel, and when I travelled on a night bus next to a man who kept talking to me, so 24 that I could hardly sleep. This trip gave me enormous 25 and all the doubts and fears before the departure had 26 . Throughout my 27 there, I only felt a huge positive energy! It was a very well-planned trip but it was still the most 28 journey I ever had! However hard we try to 29 the trip, there will always be surprises and accidents. Now I do 30 what a “rich and unforgettable experience” is. 16．A．urge B．freedom C．excuse D．priority 17．A．look for B．trust in C．rely on D．reflect upon 18．A．message B．flight C．platform D．moment 19．A．interested B．bothered C．threatened D．comforted 20．A．Initially B．Absolutely C．Strangely D．Hopefully 21．A．assisted B．amused C．guided D．encountered 22．A．rarely B．finally C．apparently D．basically 23．A．awkward B．stressful C．different D．complex 24．A．annoying B．appealing C．frightening D．inspiring 25．A．energy B．enjoyment C．warmth D．honor 26．A．emerged B．deepened C．remained D．disappeared 27．A．service B．stay C．wait D．research 28．A．unnecessary B．unavoidable C．uneventful D．unexpected 29．A．plan B．extend C．adjust D．support 30．A．suspect B．understand C．remember D．deny 【答案】16．A 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．C 21．D 22．A 23．C 24．A 25．B 26．D 27．B 28．D 29．A 30．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者首次独自出国旅行，虽有不安，却在旧金山结识多人，未感孤独，旅途收获巨大，明白了“丰富难忘的经历”的含义。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：并且我有去的冲动！A. urge冲动；B. freedom自由；C. excuse理由；D. priority优先事项。根据上文“I felt an excitement rise in me.”以及“dream”可知，作者非常想去，有强烈的欲望，故选A。 17．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在旧金山机场降落时，我意识到：在这个完全陌生的城市，我必须依靠自己。A. look for寻找；B. trust in信任；C. rely on依靠；D. reflect upon反思。根据上文“traveling abroad alone”以及空后“in this totally strange city”可知，作者独自出行，在陌生的城市里只能依靠自己，故选C。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我要好好利用每一刻。A. message信息；B. flight航班；C. platform平台；D. moment时刻。根据上文“But I’m not afraid.”可知，作者虽然独自出行在外，但是并不害怕，而是打算好好利用在这里的每一个时刻，故选D。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：出发前最困扰我的问题是：我真的要一个人去吗？A. interested使感兴趣；B. bothered困扰；C. threatened威胁；D. comforted安慰。根据上文“The question”和下文“Am I really going to be alone?”可知，作者出发前这个问题困扰着作者，故选B。 20．考查副词词义辨析。句意：奇怪的是，这第一次独自旅行也是我第一次遇到很多人的旅行：各种年龄、各种风格和各种出身的旅行者。A. Initially最初；B. Absolutely绝对地；C. Strangely奇怪地；D. Hopefully有希望地。根据上文“Am I really going to be alone?”和下文“many people”可知，上文提到作者出发前因独自出行而感到困扰，下文提到很多人，故此处指让作者感到奇怪，故选C。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. assisted帮助；B. amused逗笑；C. guided指导；D. encountered遇见。根据下文“travelers of all ages, all styles and all origins”可知，此处指作者旅行时遇到的很多其他旅行者，故选D。 22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，我很少是一个人。A. rarely很少；B. finally最后；C. apparently明显地；D. basically基本地。根据上文“many people: travelers of all ages, all styles and all origins”可知，有很多人一起，作者很少是一个人，故选A。 23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，有时候我也会想象和家人在一起会有多么不同，尤其是当我在找酒店的路上迷路的时候，以及当我乘坐夜车时，旁边有个男人不停地和我说话，烦得我几乎睡不着觉的时候。A. awkward令人尴尬的；B. stressful有压力的；C. different不同的；D. complex复杂的。根据“with my family”可知，作者独自出行，有时会想象要是有家人在情况会有多么不同，故选C。 24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. annoying令人厌烦的；B. appealing有吸引力的；C. frightening令人恐惧的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据“I could hardly sleep”可知，那个人一直说话，令人厌烦，导致作者睡不着，故选A。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次旅行给了我极大的快乐，出发前所有的怀疑和恐惧都消失了。A. energy能量；B. enjoyment快乐；C. warmth温暖；D. honor荣誉。根据下文“I only felt a huge positive energy”可知，这次旅行让作者感到快乐，故选B。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. emerged出现；B. deepened加深；C. remained保留；D. disappeared消失。结合下文“I only felt a huge positive energy”可知，作者出发前所有的怀疑和恐惧都消失了，故选D。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的整个逗留期间，我只感受到一股巨大的正能量！A. service服务；B. stay逗留；C. wait等待；D. research研究。根据第二段首句中“Landing at the San Francisco airport”和上文“This trip gave me enormous”可知，此处是描述作者下飞机后整个旅行期间的感受，故指“在我的整个逗留期间”，故选B。 28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一次计划周密的旅行，但它仍然是我经历过的最意想不到的旅行！A. unnecessary不必要的；B. unavoidable不可避免的；C. uneventful平淡无奇的；D. unexpected出乎意料的。根据“It was a very well-planned trip but”和下文“there will always be surprises and accidents”可知，计划再周密的旅行也会遇到意料之外的事情，故选D。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论我们多么努力地计划这次旅行，总会有惊喜和意外。A. plan计划；B. extend延长；C. adjust调整；D. support支持。根据上文“It was a very well-planned trip”可知，此处指“无论我们多么努力地计划这次旅行”，故选A。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我明白什么是“丰富而难忘的经历”了。A. suspect怀疑；B. understand明白；C. remember记得；D. deny否认。结合上文描述作者独自旅行的感受和空后“what a “rich and unforgettable experience” is.”可知，作者现在明白了什么是“丰富而难忘的经历”，故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·甘肃临夏·期中） Sidney Poitier was born to a Bahamian farmer’s family. He was 31 up by his parents on Cat Island, where he helped with the farm. He moved to Miami at age 15. In those early years on Cat Island, Poitier saw his first motion picture. When he 32 to the States, he was 33 to become an actor, so he continued moving on to New York City. While working as a (n) 34 , young Poitier auditioned (试演) for a role in a local theater. It didn’t go well. Having little education, Sidney Poitier 35 to read his lines. This failure 36 him, so he went back to continue working as a dishwasher. But he never gave up his dream. Then an elderly Jewish waiter took a liking to 37 Poitier and began reading with him every night. They studied the newspaper and worked on wording to improve Poitier’s 38 . The time he had spent with his Jewish teacher had helped him read more 39 and given him the confidence to keep trying. It also 40 to him that he could learn anything he put his mind to. Poitier dedicated several months to 41 his Bahamian accent, delivering lines with the right tone, and learning the 42 of connecting with audiences in an emotional way. And then the 43 happened. Poitier was 44 for his powerful performances on the stage and cast alongside Tony Curtis in the film “The Defiant Ones”, which 45 two Academy Awards. 31．A．cheered B．raised C．caught D．brought 32．A．moved B．referred C．adapted D．escaped 33．A．supposed B．delighted C．determined D．permitted 34．A．waiter B．dishwasher C．actor D．farmer 35．A．struggled B．managed C．waited D．appeared 36．A．annoyed B．scared C．discouraged D．astonished 37．A．humble B．adorable C．rigid D．ambitious 38．A．schedule B．speech C．program D．understanding 39．A．frequently B．formally C．casually D．fluently 40．A．proved B．recommended C．announced D．promised 41．A．taking down B．learning from C．smoothing out D．insisting on 42．A．lesson B．fact C．concept D．craft 43．A．accident B．breakthrough C．update D．emergency 44．A．blamed B．charged C．noticed D．honored 45．A．found B．launched C．completed D．won 【答案】31．D 32．A 33．C 34．B 35．A 36．C 37．D 38．B 39．D 40．A 41．C 42．D 43．B 44．C 45．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述西德尼·波蒂埃从农场少年成长为演员，克服语言障碍，最终凭借努力获得成功的故事。 31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他由父母在卡特岛抚养长大，在那里他帮忙干农活。A. cheered up使高兴；B. raised up举起；C. caught up赶上；D. brought up抚养。根据“by his parents”以及语境可知，此处指被父母抚养，bring up为固定短语，符合语境。故选D项。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他搬到美国后，他决心成为一名演员，于是他继续前往纽约市。A. moved移动、搬迁；B. referred参考；C. adapted适应；D. escaped逃离。根据上文“He moved to Miami at age 15”可知，此处指搬到美国，moved是原词复现。故选A项。 33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他搬到美国后，他决心成为一名演员，于是他继续前往纽约市。A. supposed假定的；B. delighted高兴的；C. determined坚决的；D. permitted被允许的。根据下文“he never gave up his dream”以及语境可知，这里指他决心成为演员，be determined to do，表示“决心做某事”，符合语境。故选C项。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：年轻的波蒂埃在当洗碗工时，去当地一家剧院试演一个角色。A. waiter服务员；B. dishwasher洗碗工；C. actor演员；D. farmer农民。根据下文“so he went back to continue working as a dishwasher”可知，他当时的工作是洗碗工，dishwasher是原词复现。故选B项。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于受教育程度低，西德尼・波蒂埃艰难地念着台词。A. struggled挣扎、艰难地做；B. managed设法做到；C. waited等待；D. appeared出现。根据上文“Having little education”可知，这里指由于文化水平有限，所以他念台词很困难，struggled符合语境。故选A项。 36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次失败使他气馁，所以他回去继续当洗碗工。A. annoyed使恼怒；B. scared使害怕；C. discouraged使气馁；D. astonished使震惊。根据上文“This failure”以及语境可知，这里指试演失败会让人气馁，discouraged符合语境。故选C项。 37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来，一位年长的犹太服务员很喜欢有抱负的波蒂埃，开始每天晚上和他一起读书。A. humble谦逊的；B. adorable可爱的；C. rigid僵硬的；D. ambitious有抱负的。根据上文“he was 　3　to become an actor, so he continued moving on to New York City”以及语境可知，波蒂埃一直怀揣成为演员的梦想，是有抱负的，ambitious符合语境。故选D项。 38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们研究报纸，练习措辞，以提高波蒂埃的语言能力。A. schedule日程；B. speech言语；C. program节目；D. understanding理解。根据上文“worked on wording”以及语境可知，练习措辞是为了提高语言表达能力，speech符合语境。故选B项。 39．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他和犹太老师一起度过的时光帮助他读得更流利，也给了他继续尝试的信心。A. frequently频繁地；B. formally正式地；C. casually随意地；D. fluently流利地。根据上文“began reading with him every night”以及语境可知，这里指波蒂埃通过练习，阅读变得更流利，fluently符合语境。故选D项。 40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这也向他证明了，只要他用心，没有什么是学不会的。A. proved证明；B. recommended推荐；C. announced宣布；D. promised承诺。根据上文“The time he had spent with his Jewish teacher had helped him read more 　　9　　 and given him the confidence to keep trying. ”可知，这里指通过学习提高的经历，证明了他能学会想学习的东西，proved符合语境。故选A项。 41．考查动词短语辨析。句意：波蒂埃花了几个月的时间来消除他的巴哈马口音，用恰当的语气念台词，并学习以情感方式与观众建立联系的技巧。A. taking down记下；B. learning from向……学习；C. smoothing out消除；D. insisting on坚持。根据下文“his Bahamian accent, delivering lines with the right tone”以及常识可知，为了演戏，是需要消除口音，smoothing out符合语境。故选C项。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：波蒂埃花了几个月的时间来消除他的巴哈马口音，用恰当的语气念台词，并学习以情感方式与观众建立联系的技巧。A. lesson课；B. fact事实；C. concept概念；D. craft技巧。根据下文“of connecting with audiences in an emotional way”以及语境可知，与观众建立情感联系是演戏的技巧，craft符合语境。故选D项。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后突破出现了。A. accident事故；B. breakthrough突破；C. update更新；D. emergency紧急情况。根据下文“Poitier was 　14　 for his powerful performances on the stage and cast alongside Tony Curtis in the film “The Defiant Ones””可知他的表演受到关注并参演电影，所以这里指取得了突破，breakthrough符合语境。故选B项。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：波蒂埃因其在舞台上的出色表演而受到关注，并与托尼・柯蒂斯联袂出演了电影《逃狱惊魂》，该片获得了两项奥斯卡奖。A. blamed责备；B. charged指控；C. noticed注意到、关注；D. honored尊敬。根据下文“his powerful performances on the stage”以及语境可知，这里指出色的表演会受到关注，noticed符合语境。故选C项。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：波蒂埃因其在舞台上的出色表演而受到关注，并与托尼・柯蒂斯联袂出演了电影《逃狱惊魂》，该片获得了两项奥斯卡奖。A. found找到；B. launched发起；C. completed完成；D. won赢得。根据下文“two Academy Awards”以及语境可知，这里指波蒂埃的电影获得奥斯卡奖，won符合语境。故选D项。 主题03 人与自然——自然环境与人类生活 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·上海黄浦·期中） The continuous presentation of frightening stories about global warming in the popular media makes us unnecessarily frightened. Even worse, it 1 our kids. Al Gore famously 2 how a sea-level rise of 20 feet would almost completely flood Florida, New York, Holland, and Shanghai, even though the United Nations says that such a thing will not even happen, 3 that sea levels will rise 20 times less than that. When 4 with these exaggerations (夸大), some of us say that they are for a good cause, and surely there is no harm done if the result is that we focus even more on handling climate change. This 5 is astonishingly wrong. Such exaggerations do plenty of harm. Worrying excessively about global warming means that we worry less about other things, where we could do so much more good. We focus, 6 , on global warming’s impact on Datong malaria (疟疾) — which will put slightly more people at 7 in 100 years — instead of dealing with the half a billion people 8 from malaria today with prevention and treatment policies that are much cheaper and dramatically more effective than carbon reduction would be. Exaggeration also wears out the public’s 9 to cope with global warming. If the planet is certain to be destroyed owing to global warming, people wonder, why do anything? A record 54% of American voters now believe the news media make global warming appear worse than it really is. A majority of people now believe — 10 — that global warming is not even caused by humans. But the 11 cost of exaggeration, I believe, is the unnecessary alarm that it causes — particularly among children. An article in The Washington Post cited nine-year-old Alyssa, who cries about the possibility of mass animal 12 from global warming. The newspaper also reported that parents are 13 effective outlets for their eight-year-olds’ concern with dying polar bears. They might be better off educating them and letting them know that, 14 to common belief, the global polar bear population has doubled over the past half- century, to about 22,000. Despite the possible 15 of summer Arctic ice, polar bears will not become extinct. 1．A．exhausts B．depresses C．terrifies D．exploits 2．A．dismissed B．demonstrated C．deposited D．described 3．A．denying B．justifying C．estimating D．advocating 4．A．faced B．identified C．equipped D．entitled 5．A．announcement B．argument C．interaction D．dialogue 6．A．for example B．in addition C．by contrast D．in short 7．A．peace B．leisure C．ease D．risk 8．A．suffering B．evolving C．developing D．prohibiting 9．A．ability B．preference C．willingness D．likelihood 10．A．enthusiastically B．incorrectly C．considerately D．reasonably 11．A．smallest B．worst C．fewest D．least 12．A．separation B．reservation C．isolation D．extinction 13．A．turning out B．taking over C．searching for D．pulling through 14．A．sensitive B．contrary C．related D．accustomed 15．A．disappearance B．transformation C．existence D．mobilization 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．A 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述媒体对全球变暖的夸张报道致人们过度恐惧，尤其吓坏孩子，实则诸多担忧无必要。 1．考查动词词义辨析。 句意：更糟糕的是，它吓坏了我们的孩子。A. exhausts使筋疲力尽；B. depresses使沮丧；C. terrifies使恐惧；D. exploits剥削。根据上文“makes us unnecessarily frightened”及下文“nine-year-old Alyssa, who cries about the possibility of mass animal 　12　 from global warming”可知，这里指媒体对全球变暖的夸张报道让孩子恐惧，terrifies与frightened呼应。故选C项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。 句意：阿尔・戈尔曾著名地描述过海平面上升20英尺将几乎完全淹没佛罗里达等地的情景，尽管联合国称这种情况根本不会发生，估计海平面上升幅度将比那少20倍。A. dismissed驳回；B. demonstrated证明；C. deposited沉积；D. described描述。根据下文“how a sea-level rise of 20 feet would almost completely flood Florida”以及语境可知，此处指戈尔描述了淹没场景，并非真实发生，described符合语境。故选D项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。 句意：句意：阿尔・戈尔曾著名地描述过海平面上升20英尺将几乎完全淹没佛罗里达等地的情景，尽管联合国称这种情况根本不会发生，估计海平面上升幅度将比那少20倍。A. denying否认；B. justifying证明合理；C. estimating估计；D. advocating提倡。根据下文“that sea levels will rise 20 times less than that”以及语境可知，这是联合国后对海平面上升的估计数据，estimating符合科学机构的表述方式。故选C项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。 句意：当面对这些夸张说法时，我们中有人认为它们是为了正当目的，如果结果是我们更加关注应对气候变化，那么肯定没有坏处。A. faced面对；B. identified识别；C. equipped装备；D. entitled使有资格。根据下文“with these exaggerations”以及语境可知，这里指指人们面对媒体的夸张报道，be faced with，为固定搭配，意为“面对”，与“these exaggerations”搭配，符合语境。故选A项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。 句意：这种论点大错特错。A. announcement公告；B. argument论点；C. interaction互动；D. dialogue对话。根据上文“that they are for a good cause”以及语境可知，这是部分人持有的论点，argument指前文提到的“夸张报道有益”的观点，符合语境。故选B项。 6．考查介词短语辨析。 句意：例如，我们关注的是全球变暖对Datong疟疾的影响——这将在100年内使更多的人面临风险——而不是用比减少碳排放更便宜、更有效的预防和治疗政策来应对今天患有疟疾的5亿人。A. for example例如；B. in addition此外；C. by contrast相比之下；D. in short总之。根据下文“global warming’s impact on Datong malaria”以及语境可知，这是对“worry less about other things”的举例说明，for example符合逻辑。故选A项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。 句意：例如，我们关注的是全球变暖对Datong疟疾的影响——这将在100年内使更多的人面临风险——而不是用比减少碳排放更便宜、更有效的预防和治疗政策来应对今天患有疟疾的5亿人。A. peace和平；B. leisure休闲；C. ease安逸；D. risk风险。根据上文“Datong malaria”以及语境可知，这里指Datong疟疾使更多的人面临风险，put sb. at risk，为固定搭配，意为“使某人面临风险”，符合语境。故选D项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。 句意：例如，我们关注的是全球变暖对Datong疟疾的影响——这将在100年内使更多的人面临风险——而不是用比减少碳排放更便宜、更有效的预防和治疗政策来应对今天患有疟疾的5亿人。A. suffering遭受；B. evolving进化；C. developing发展；D. prohibiting禁止。根据下文“from malaria today”以及语境可知，这里表示遭受疟疾的人们，suffer from表示“遭受……之苦”，与“half a billion people”和“malaria”搭配，指疟疾患者的现状。故选A项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。 句意：夸张还会削弱公众应对全球变暖的意愿。A. ability能力；B. preference偏好；C. willingness意愿；D. likelihood可能性。根据下文“If the planet is certain to be destroyed owing to global warming, people wonder, why do anything? ” 可知，这里指过度夸张会降低人们行动的意愿，willingness符合语境。故选C项。 10．考查副词词义辨析。 句意：大多数人现在错误地认为全球变暖甚至不是人类引起的。A. enthusiastically热情地；B. incorrectly错误地；C. considerately体贴地；D. reasonably合理地。根据下文“that global warming is not even caused by humans”及科学事实可知，“全球变暖非人类所致”这观点是错误的。故选B项。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。 句意：但我认为，夸张最严重的代价是它引起的不必要恐慌，特别是在孩子当中。A. smallest最小的；B. worst最严重的；C. fewest最少的；D. least最小的。根据下文“particularly among children”及“who cries about the possibility of mass animal 　　12　　 from global warming” 可知，对孩子的影响是夸张带来的最严重后果，worst强调程度。故选B项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。 句意：九岁的艾丽莎为全球变暖可能导致大量动物灭绝而哭泣。A. separation分离；B. reservation保留；C. isolation孤立；D. extinction灭绝。根据下文“dying polar bears”和“polar bears will not become extinct”可知，孩子担心的是动物灭绝，extinction为原词复现。故选D项。 13．考查动词短语辨析。 句意：报纸还报道说，父母们在为八岁孩子对濒危北极熊的担忧寻找有效的宣泄途径。A. turning out结果是；B. taking over接管；C. searching for寻找；D. pulling through渡过难关。根据下文“effective outlets for their eight-year-olds’ concern with dying polar bears”以及语境可知，这里指父母们在为八岁孩子对濒危北极熊的担忧寻找有效的宣泄途径。searching for effective outlets，表示“寻找有效的宣泄方式”，符合父母应对孩子焦虑的场景。故选C项。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。 句意：让他们知道，与普遍看法相反，全球北极熊数量在过去半个世纪翻了一番。A. sensitive敏感的；B. contrary相反的；C. related相关的；D. accustomed习惯的。根据下文“polar bears will not become extinct”以及语境可知，这里指实际情况与普遍看法相反，contrary to common belief，表示“与普遍看法相反”，与“has doubled”的事实形成对比。故选B项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。 句意：尽管北极夏季冰层可能消失，北极熊不会灭绝。A. disappearance消失；B. transformation转变；C. existence存在；D. mobilization动员。根据下文“polar bears will not become extinct”以及Despite表转折可知，这里指尽管北极夏季冰层可能消失，但是北极熊不会灭绝，与“polar bears will not become extinct”形成让步关系。故选A项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·湖南·期中） Last week, I went to meet Dr Dean Nicolle, who has planted about 10,000 eucalypt (桉树) trees and mallees (桉树灌丛) since 1993. 16 Dean, we now have the Currency Creek Arboretum (金钱溪植物园), bringing Australia’s eucalypt species together for 17 . When I visited, I was 18 by the dry, brown landscape. South Australia is facing its 19 drought in 40 years, and Dean is studying how drought affects the trees. About a third of his trees have died or are 20 . Even though I work in climate media and often read bad news, seeing the dried, brown trees with cracked bark (皲裂的树皮) 21 much worse. Deep inside, I feel a 22 : If the trees cannot survive, neither can we. Eucalypts are strong 23 . They have lived through ice ages, bushfires, and other changes over millions of years. But today, with more heatwaves, droughts and land clearing caused by humans, even eucalypts are 24 . The International Union for Conservation of Nature says 25 percent of eucalypt species are now at risk of 25 . At lunch after my visit, Dean and I talked about 26 sadness over losing trees and nature. Dean tries to focus on his research and I find that sometimes swearing (说脏话) 27 helps. Still, the real 28 is doing more to protect trees and 29 in research. As I drove back to Sydney, looking at the bag of gumnuts (桉树果) Dean gave me, they seemed like little 30 . I hope more people will learn to love eucalypts so we can protect them for the future. 16．A．Prior to B．Instead of C．Thanks to D．Contrary to 17．A．research B．recreation C．commerce D．exhibition 18．A．confused B．convinced C．amused D．shocked 19．A．seasonal B．regional C．mildest D．worst 20．A．suffering B．ceasing C．swinging D．recovering 21．A．sounds B．feels C．looks D．smells 22．A．tendency B．preference C．warning D．promise 23．A．survivors B．creators C．predictors D．operators 24．A．adapting B．struggling C．expanding D．growing 25．A．extinction B．injury C．failure D．conflict 26．A．weighing up B．tearing down C．coping with D．bringing up 27．A．legally B．randomly C．hardly D．literally 28．A．problem B．mystery C．solution D．challenge 29．A．believe B．invest C．consist D．specialize 30．A．burdens B．treasures C．obstacles D．labels 【答案】16．C 17．A 18．D 19．D 20．A 21．B 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．A 26．C 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者探访植物园，目睹了在干旱中挣扎的桉树林，发现气候变化对桉树生存构成严重威胁，呼吁人们保护这些树木和自然。 16．考查介词短语辨析。句意：多亏了Dean，我们现在有了金钱溪植物园，把澳大利亚的桉树物种聚集在一起进行研究。A. Prior to在……之前；B. Instead of代替；C. Thanks to多亏了；D. Contrary to与……相反。根据上文“Last week, I went to meet Dr Dean Nicolle, who has planted about 10,000 eucalypt (桉树) trees and mallees (桉树灌丛) since 1993.”可知，Dean Nicolle博士自1993年以来种植了大约1万棵桉树和桉树灌丛，因此是多亏了他才有了金钱溪植物园。故选C。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了Dean，我们现在有了金钱溪植物园，把澳大利亚的桉树物种聚集在一起进行研究。A. research研究；B. recreation娱乐；C. commerce商业；D. exhibition展览。根据下文“Dean is studying how drought affects the trees”可知，Dean从事研究工作，因此是把澳大利亚的桉树物种聚集在一起进行研究。故选A。 18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我到访时，那片干燥枯黄的景象让我大为震惊。A. confused困惑的；B. convinced确信的；C. amused被逗乐的；D. shocked震惊的。根据下文“the dry, brown landscape”可知，那里的风景是干燥的、棕色的，会给作者带来强烈的冲击，让作者感到震惊。故选D。 19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：南澳大利亚正面临着40年来最糟糕的干旱，Dean正在研究干旱对树木的影响。A. seasonal季节性的；B. regional地区的；C. mildest最温和的；D. worst最糟糕的。根据上文“the dry, brown landscape”可知，干燥枯黄的景象说明树木的生长情况很糟糕，因此是面临着40年来最糟糕的干旱。故选D。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约三分之一的树已经死亡或正在遭受痛苦。A. suffering受苦；B. ceasing停止；C. swinging摇摆；D. recovering恢复。根据上文“About a third of his trees have died”可知，与树木“死亡”相呼应的是“遭受痛苦”的状态。故选A。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我在气候媒体行业工作，也常看到各种坏消息，但当亲眼见到那些皲裂的树皮、干枯发黄的树木时，感受还是要糟糕得多。A. sounds听起来；B. feels感觉；C. looks看起来；D. smells闻起来。根据上文“seeing the dried, brown trees with cracked bark (皲裂的树皮)”可知，看到树皮皲裂的干枯发黄的树木带给作者强烈的触动，让作者感觉要糟糕得多。故选B。 22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在内心深处，我感受到一种警告：如果树木不能生存，我们也不能。A. tendency趋势；B. preference偏好；C. warning警告；D. promise承诺。根据下文“If the trees cannot survive, neither can we”可知，“如果树木不能生存，我们也不能”是作者看到的景象发出的警告。故选C。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：桉树是强大的幸存者。A. survivors幸存者；B. creators创造者；C. predictors预测者；D. operators操作者。根据下文“They have lived through ice ages, bushfires, and other changes over millions of years.”可知，桉树经历了数百万年的冰河时代、森林大火和其他变化，因此是强大的幸存者。故选A。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但今天，随着人类造成的更多热浪、干旱和土地开垦，即使是桉树也在挣扎。A. adapting适应；B. struggling挣扎；C. expanding扩展；D. growing生长。根据“But”表示的转折，以及上文“with more heatwaves, droughts and land clearing caused by humans”可知，虽然桉树经历了众多变化存活至今，但热浪、干旱和土地开垦给它们带来了威胁，让它们苦苦挣扎。故选B。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：国际自然保护联盟表示，25%的桉树物种现在面临灭绝的危险。A. extinction灭绝；B. injury伤害；C. failure失败；D. conflict冲突。根据上文“About a third of his trees have died or are ___5___.”可知，很多桉树已经死亡，因此是面临灭绝的危险。故选A。 26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我拜访之后的午餐时间，Dean和我讨论了如何应对失去树木和自然的悲伤。A. weighing up权衡；B. tearing down拆除；C. coping with应对；D. bringing up提出。根据下文“Dean tries to focus on his research and I find that sometimes swearing (说脏话) ___12___ helps.”可知，专注于研究、说脏话都是应对失去树木和自然的悲伤的一些方法。故选C。 27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Dean试着专注于他的研究，我发现有时候说脏话确实很有帮助。A. legally合法地；B. randomly随机地；C. hardly几乎不；D. literally确实。根据上文“Even though I work in climate media and often read bad news”和“swearing (说脏话)”可知，对作者这样的气候媒体工作者而言，有时说脏话确实可以缓解悲伤情绪，literally“确实”用于加强语气。故选D。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，真正的解决办法是做更多的工作来保护树木和投资研究。A. problem问题；B. mystery谜团；C. solution解决方案；D. challenge挑战。根据下文“doing more to protect trees”可知，做更多的工作来保护树木是真正的解决方法。故选C。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，真正的解决办法是做更多的工作来保护树木和投资研究。A. believe相信；B. invest投资；C. consist组成；D. specialize专攻。根据上文“doing more to protect trees”可知，能和“做更多的工作来保护树木”相并列的是“投资研究”，同为具体的措施。故选B。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我开车回悉尼的时候，看着Dean给我的那袋桉树果，它们就像是小小的宝藏。A. burdens负担；B. treasures宝藏；C. obstacles障碍；D. labels标签。根据下文“I hope more people will learn to love eucalypts”可知，作者希望更多的人学会热爱桉树，因此是把桉树果看作小小的宝藏，体现其价值。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·安徽安庆·期中） In one of the largest hospitals in India’s capital, Delhi, a physician says he has never seen anything like this before. “This is an 31 heatwave. In my 13 years of working here, I don’t remember signing a death 32 for heat stroke. This year, I’ve signed several,” says Ajay Chauhan of the Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital (RMLH). Delhi has been 33 under a continued heatwave, with daily temperatures crossing 40℃ since May, peaking at nearly 50℃. Humidity and hot winds 34 the heat, combined by water shortages and insufficient power supply due to rising 35 . A heat stroke, the most severe heat illness, is 36 by three key signs: 37 to high heat and humidity, a core body temperature of 40.5℃ or higher, and 38 changes like mild confusion or reduced consciousness. At the RMLH clinic, 39 the first of its kind in India, the effort to save heat stroke patients highlights the 40 caused by rapid climate and health emergencies. All over India, people are falling sick due to the heat. A new nationwide survey offers some 41 insights into how heatwaves hurt people and 42 productivity. It showed that 45% of the households contact-ted reported at least one member getting 43 from the heat last month. Some three-fourths of India’s workers work in heat-exposed 44 like construction and mining. This becomes worse during heatwaves as there are fewer safe and 45 work hours during the day. 31．A．immeasurable B．unreliable C．unavoidable D．incomparable 32．A．threat B．toll C．certificate D．rate 33．A．damaging B．suffering C．shaking D．stretching 34．A．worsen B．change C．remove D．destroy 35．A．demand B．anxiety C．enthusiasm D．temperature 36．A．cured B．examined C．identified D．analyzed 37．A．devotion B．exposure C．attraction D．addition 38．A．mental B．physical C．cultural D．medical 39．A．slightly B．casually C．occasionally D．possibly 40．A．experiences B．potentials C．challenges D．adventures 41．A．familiar B．astonishing C．inspiring D．stimulating 42．A．weaken B．boost C．maintain D．evaluate 43．A．panic B．upset C．sick D．lonely 44．A．clinics B．jobs C．institutes D．offices 45．A．accurate B．official C．extra D．productive 【答案】31．D 32．C 33．B 34．A 35．A 36．C 37．B 38．A 39．D 40．C 41．B 42．A 43．C 44．B 45．D 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了印度德里遭遇罕见热浪，医院中暑死亡病例增加，高温还致全国多地民众生病、影响生产力。 31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一场无与伦比的热浪。A. immeasurable不可估量的；B. unreliable不可靠的；C. unavoidable不可避免的；D. incomparable无与伦比的。根据下文“ In my 13 years of working here, I don’t remember signing a death 　2　 for heat stroke.”可知，医生提到13年里从未见过类似情况，因此这次热浪是前所未有的，即无与伦比的。故选D项。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我在这里工作的13年里，我不记得曾为中暑签署过死亡证明。A. threat威胁；B. toll伤亡人数；C. certificate证明；D. rate比率。根据“signing a death”以及语境可知，这里指病人中暑死后医生签署死亡证明，death certificate为固定搭配。故选C项。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：德里一直遭受持续的热浪袭击，自5月以来，每日气温超过40℃，峰值接近50℃。A. damaging破坏；B. suffering遭受；C. shaking摇晃；D. stretching伸展。根据下文“under a continued heatwave”以及语境可知，这里指德里一直遭受持续的热浪袭击。suffer under，表示“在……下受苦”，符合语境。故选B项。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：湿度和热风加剧了炎热，再加上因需求上升导致的水资源短缺和电力供应不足。A. worsen恶化；B. change改变；C. remove移除；D. destroy破坏。根据上文“Humidity and hot winds”以及常识可知，湿度和热风会使炎热情况更糟，worsen符合句意。故选A项。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：湿度和热风加剧了炎热，再加上因需求上升导致的水资源短缺和电力供应不足。A. demand需求；B. anxiety焦虑；C. enthusiasm热情；D. temperature温度。根据上文“water shortages and insufficient power supply”以及语境可知，这里指天气炎热从而导致居民对水和电的需求上升，这也进一步解释了水资源和电力短缺的原因。故选A项。 36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：中暑是最严重的高温疾病，其特征有三个关键迹象：暴露于高温高湿环境、核心体温达到 40.5℃或更高，以及精神状态变化如轻微混乱或意识减退。A. cured治愈；B. examined检查；C. identified识别，特征为；D. analyzed分析。根据下文“by three key signs”以及语境可知，此处指中暑可以通过三个迹象被识别，identified by符合语境。故选C项。 37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：中暑是最严重的高温疾病，其特征有三个关键迹象：暴露于高温高湿环境、核心体温达到40.5℃或更高，以及精神状态变化如轻微混乱或意识减退。A. devotion奉献；B. exposure暴露；C. attraction吸引；D. addition添加。根据下文“to high heat and humidity”以及语境可知，这里指暴露于高温高湿环境，这是中暑的必要条件。故选B项。 38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：中暑是最严重的高温疾病，其特征有三个关键迹象：暴露于高温高湿环境、核心体温达到40.5℃或更高，以及精神状态变化如轻微混乱或意识减退。A. mental精神的；B. physical身体的；C. cultural文化的；D. medical医学的。根据下文“mild confusion or reduced consciousness”可知，这属于精神状态变化。故选A项。 39．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在RMLH诊所，可能是印度首个此类诊所，抢救中暑患者的努力凸显了快速气候和健康紧急情况带来的挑战。A. slightly轻微地；B. casually随意地；C. occasionally偶尔地；D. possibly可能地。根据下文“the first of its kind in India”以及语境可知，文中未明确该诊所是“首个”，用possibly表示推测，符合语境。故选D项。 40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在RMLH诊所，可能是印度首个此类诊所，抢救中暑患者的努力凸显了快速气候和健康紧急情况带来的挑战。A. experiences经历；B. potentials潜力；C. challenges挑战；D. adventures冒险。根据下文“rapid climate and health emergencies”以及语境可知，热浪和健康紧急情况给医疗系统带来的是挑战。故选C项。 41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一项新的全国性调查提供了一些惊人的见解，揭示热浪如何伤害人们并削弱生产力。A. familiar熟悉的；B. astonishing惊人的；C. inspiring鼓舞的；D. stimulating刺激的。根据下文“It showed that 45% of the households contact-ted reported at least one member getting 　12　from the heat last month.”可知，45%的受访家庭报告至少有一名成员因高温生病，这数据令人震惊。故选B项。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一项新的全国性调查提供了一些惊人的见解，揭示热浪如何伤害人们并削弱生产力。A. weaken削弱；B. boost提升；C. maintain维持；D. evaluate评估。根据上文“heatwaves hurt people”以及语境可知，热浪导致人们生病，所以必然削弱生产力，故选A项。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：调查显示，上个月，45%的受访家庭报告至少有一名成员因高温生病。A. panic恐慌的；B. upset沮丧的；C. sick生病的；D. lonely孤独的。根据上文“All over India, people are falling sick due to the heat.”可知，这里指因高温而生病，此处为原词复现。故选C项。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：印度约四分之三的工人在建筑和采矿等暴露于高温的工作中就业。A. clinics诊所；B. jobs工作；C. institutes机构；D. offices办公室。根据下文“like construction and mining”可知，建筑和采矿都属于具体工作。故选B项。 45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在热浪期间，这变得更糟，因为白天安全且高效的工作时间更少。A. accurate准确的；B. official官方的；C. extra额外的；D. productive高效的。根据上文“there are fewer safe”以及语境可知，此空与safe并列，指适合工作的高效时间变少了。故选D项。 主题01 人与社会——人际关系与情感联结 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·河北沧州·期中） As an athlete, my goal has always been to bring glory to my country. But in 2021, I made 1 for an unexpected reason: I sold my most cherished medal. In a major sports event, I was lucky to 2 the silver medal, marking a huge achievement in my career. However, I heard about an 8-month-old baby, Ethan, who was facing health 3 then. He was in desperate need of a 4 . It would cost his family around $200,000 to make it 5 . His parents tried their best to get the fee. They had already 6 half of the money when I heard the story. I 7 to help them get the other half by auctioning off (拍卖掉) my precious silver medal. A company won the auction for $125,000. In the end, 8 , they insisted that I keep my medal. They thought that it was so 9 that I would even offer to help a stranger by auctioning off my own precious thing. “Your medal 10 struggle, faith and the pursuit of dreams despite the many 11 ,” they wrote in the blog. “We hope it can 12 you of the hard work we did together to help that little baby.” Although Ethan still passed away the very next year after the heart operation, there’s no 13 that the act of love still made a lasting 14 on that family’s lives. Plus, it 15 as a reminder that caring for others is far more valuable than caring for prized things. 1．A．headlines B．articles C．messages D．stories 2．A．imagine B．catch C．reject D．claim 3．A．plans B．opinions C．struggles D．decisions 4．A．passing mark B．green light C．hot spot D．heart operation 5．A．effective B．joyful C．possible D．reasonable 6．A．spent B．raised C．wasted D．saved 7．A．forgot B．decided C．learned D．pretended 8．A．however B．therefore C．moreover D．otherwise 9．A．illegal B．worthwhile C．impressive D．unnecessary 10．A．represents B．monitors C．desires D．attracts 11．A．excuses B．challenges C．rules D．chances 12．A．clear B．cure C．remind D．warn 13．A．doubt B．point C．question D．wonder 14．A．choice B．impact C．mistake D．promise 15．A．stands B．treats C．knows D．serves 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位运动员为了帮助患病婴儿Ethan筹集手术费，拍卖自己珍爱的银牌的故事。尽管孩子最终未能幸存，但这个善举对家庭产生了深远影响，并传递了关爱他人比物质更珍贵的价值观。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但2021年，我因一个意外原因登上了新闻头条：我卖掉了最珍爱的奖牌。A. headlines头条新闻；B. articles文章；C. messages消息；D. stories故事。根据语境，运动员因拍卖奖牌的行为引发关注，最可能登上新闻头条；make headlines意为“登上头条”。故选A项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一次大型体育赛事中，我很幸运地赢得了银牌，这是我职业生涯的重大成就。A. imagine想象；B. catch抓住；C. reject拒绝；D. claim赢得，获得。根据后文的“marking a huge achievement in my career”可推断，作者赢得了银牌。故选D项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我听说一个8个月大的婴儿Ethan正面临健康困境。A. plans计划；B. opinions观点；C. struggles挣扎，困境；D. decisions决定。根据后文“Although Ethan still passed away the very next year after the heart operation”可知，Ethan面临健康困境。故选C项。 4．考查名词短语辨析。句意：他急需一次心脏手术。A. passing mark及格分数；B. green light绿灯；C. hot spot热点；D. heart operation心脏手术。根据后文“Although Ethan still passed away the very next year after the heart operation”可知，Ethan因为需要进行过心脏手术。故选D项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：手术需要花费约20万美元才有可能进行。A. effective有效的；B. joyful快乐的；C. possible可能的；D. reasonable合理的。 $200,000为手术费用，是手术顺利进行的必要条件；设空处it指的是手术，所以此处要表达“使手术成为可能”的意思。故选C项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的父母已尽力筹集了一半的费用。A. spent花费；B. raised筹集；C. wasted浪费；D. saved节省。根据上文“His parents tried their best to get the fee. ”以及下文“ I ___7___ to help them get the other half by auctioning off(拍卖掉) my precious silver medal.”可知，Ethan的父父母经过努力已经筹集了一半的手术费。故选B项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定通过拍卖奖牌帮助他们筹集另一半费用。A. forgot忘记；B. decided决定；C. learned学习；D. pretended假装。根据后文“A company won the auction for $125,000.”可知，作者进行了拍卖奖牌的行为，可推断此处表达的是作者决定进行奖牌拍卖。故选B项。 8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，最终，他们坚持让我保留奖牌。A. however然而；B. therefore因此；C. moreover此外；D. otherwise否则。根据前文“A company won the auction for $125,000.”及后文“they insisted that I keep my medal”可知，拍卖成功但奖牌被退回，前后句为转折关系，需用however。故选A项。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们认为我的行为非常令人印象深刻。A. illegal非法的；B. worthwhile值得的；C. impressive令人印象深刻的；D. unnecessary不必要的。根据后文“I would even offer to help a stranger by auctioning off my own precious thing. ”可知，这家公司对作者的行为持肯定态度，认为该行为是令人印象深刻的，故选C项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你的奖牌代表着奋斗、信念和追梦的精神。A. represents代表；B. monitors监控；C. desires渴望；D. attracts吸引。奖牌就是运动员奋斗、信念和追梦精神的象征。故选A项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临许多挑战。A. excuses借口；B. challenges挑战；C. rules规则；D. chances机会。根据表示让步转折的介词“despite”可推断，设空处应与前文的“struggle”相对应，体现克服困难。故选B项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：希望它能让你想起我们为帮助婴儿共同付出的努力。A. clear清除；B. cure治愈；C. remind提醒，使想起；D. warn警告。根据上文可知，此处的it指的是medal，设空句要表达的是公司归还奖牌的目的——为了提醒作者他们共同帮助孩子的行为；“remind sb. of sth.”为固定搭配，表示“使某人想起某事”。故选C项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管Ethan术后次年离世，但这份爱的行为毫无疑问对那个家庭的生活产生了持久的影响。A. doubt怀疑；B. point观点；C. question问题；D. wonderq奇观。根据让步状语的引导词Although可知，尽管Ethan去世了，但是对Ethan家人的影响是无疑的，“there’s no doubt that”为固定搭配，表示“毫无疑问的是……”。故选A项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管Ethan术后次年离世，但这份爱的行为毫无疑问对那个家庭的生活产生了持久的影响。A. choice选择；B. impact影响；C. mistake错误；D. promise承诺。“make an impact  on”意为“对……产生影响”，符合助人的深远意义。故选B项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它也充当一个提醒：关爱他人远比珍视物品更有价值。A. stands站立；B. treats对待；C. knows知道；D. serves服务、担任。此处在升华主题，针对这个经历，作者得出了“关爱他人远比珍视物品更有价值”的感悟，在作者看来，这个经历就是一个提醒物；serve as意为“充当”，符合语境。故选D项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·山西临汾·期中） Aaron often thinks about his parents, especially the days when the family was full of joy. Those memories, though bittersweet, remind him why he’s dedicated to supporting Lifeline. Mum was always 16 active person. She loved playing tennis on the court behind our house and would 17 me to play too, even when I was little. “Practice makes perfect,” she’d say, 18 she handed me the racket. Dad would sit nearby, cheering us on. Those were happy times. But in 1977, everything changed. Dad passed 19 suddenly from a heart attack. Mum was never the same after that. She stopped playing tennis and rarely went out. I tried to talk to her, but she’d just smile 20 and say, “I’m fine.” Deep down, I knew she was hurting. Two years later, Mum tried to end her life. I was living with her then, and I found her just in time. The ambulance came 21 , and she survived. We thought things would get better, but in 1982, it happened again. This time, I wasn’t there. I felt guilty for years. It took me a long time to 22 that it wasn’t my fault. But I kept thinking: if Mum had someone like Lifeline to talk to, maybe she’d still be here. That’s 23 I started donating to Lifeline. Now, I want to do more. I’ve decided to leave a gift in my Will to Lifeline. It’s a way to make sure 24 people get the help Mum never did. If you’re thinking about doing the same, don’t hesitate. 25 a difference isn’t hard — sometimes it just takes one small step. Lifeline is there for people when they need it most. With support, no one has to face their struggles 26 . That’s why this cause matters. It’s about giving people hope, and hope is something 27 can ever take away. Aaron hopes his story will encourage others to 28 . “You don’t have to be rich,” he says. “Even a little help can go a long way. Lifeline saved so many lives, and I want to make sure it will 29 saving more.” For him, it’s a way to honor his mum — and to turn his pain 30 something good. 16．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 17．A．teach B．refuse C．reject D．allow 18．A．if B．though C．as D．unless 19．A．away B．out C．through D．over 20．A．secretly B．brightly C．angrily D．sadly 21．A．slowly B．quickly C．lately D．quietly 22．A．refuse B．forget C．realize D．imagine 23．A．how B．why C．when D．where 24．A．few B．much C．little D．many 25．A．Taking B．Making C．Having D．Leaving 26．A．alone B．lonely C．aloud D．along 27．A．somebody B．anybody C．nobody D．everybody 28．A．join B．wait C．rest D．leave 29．A．go B．kill C．keep D．spend 30．A．up B．over C．off D．into 【答案】16．B 17．A 18．C 19．A 20．D 21．B 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．B 26．A 27．C 28．A 29．C 30．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了亚伦回忆父母曾有的欢乐时光，父亲去世后母亲精神受创两次轻生，他因母亲未获像Lifeline这样的帮助而愧疚，故捐款并留遗产给Lifeline，希望帮助更多人，也以此纪念母亲。 16．考查冠词词义辨析。句意：妈妈一直是个精力充沛的人。A. a一个，泛指；B. an一个，泛指；C. the特指；D. /不填。此处person为泛指“一个精力充沛的人”，且active是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故选B。 17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她喜欢在我们家后面的球场上打网球，甚至在我还很小的时候，她也会教我打球。A. teach教；B. refuse拒绝；C. reject拒绝；D. allow允许。根据后文“me to play too, even when I was little”指教作者打球，故选A。 18．考查连词词义辨析。句意：“熟能生巧嘛。”她一边说着，一边把球拍递给了我。A. if如果；B. though虽然；C. as因为，一边一边；D. unless除非。根据后文“she handed me the racket”可知，引导时间状语从句，表示“一边一边”用as。故选C。 19．考查介词词义辨析。句意：爸爸因心脏病突发而突然离世。A. away远离；B. out离开；C. through通过；D. over越过。根据后文“from a heart attack”指父亲因为心脏病去世了，为短语pass away。故选A。 20．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我试图和她交谈，但她只是悲伤地微微一笑，然后说：“我没事。”A. secretly秘密地；B. brightly明亮地；C. angrily生气地；D. sadly悲伤地。根据上文“Mum was never the same after that. She stopped playing tennis and rarely went out.”可知，妈妈因为父亲的去世而悲伤。故选D。 21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：救护车很快就赶到了，她最终活了下来。A. slowly缓慢地；B. quickly快速地；C. lately近来；D. quietly安静地。根据后文“and she survived”可知，妈妈活下来说明救护车很快赶到了。故选B。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了很长一段时间我才意识到，这并不是我的错。A. refuse拒绝；B. forget忘记；C. realize意识到；D. imagine想象。根据后文“that it wasn’t my fault”可知，指作者意识到不是自己的错。故选C。 23．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：这就是我开始向“Lifeline”组织捐款的原因。A. how如何；B. why为什么；C. when何时；D. where在哪里。根据后文“I started donating to Lifeline”可知，此处为表语从句，表示“……的原因”用that’s why。故选B。 24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一种确保许多人能获得妈妈生前始终未能得到的帮助的方法。A. few很少；B. much许多；C. little很少；D. many许多。根据后文“Lifeline saved so many lives”指这个慈善组织确保许多人得到母亲生前始终未能得到的帮助。故选D。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有所作为并非难事——有时只需迈出一小步即可。A. Taking带走；B. Making制作；C. Having有；D. Leaving离开。根据后文“a difference isn’t hard”指有所作为，用make a difference。故选B。 26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了支持，就没有人需要独自面对自己的困难。A. alone单独地；B. lonely孤独地；C. aloud大声地；D. along沿着。根据上文“With support”可知，有了支持，就不用单独面对自己的困难。故选A。 27．考查不定代词辨析。句意：这关乎给予人们希望，而希望是没有人能夺走的东西。A. somebody某人；B. anybody任何人；C. nobody没有人；D. everybody每个人。根据上文“It’s about giving people hope”可知，给予人们希望，而希望是没有人能夺走的。故选C。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚伦希望他的故事能够激励其他人也加入进来。A. join加入；B. wait等待；C. rest休息；D. leave离开。根据后文“Even a little help can go a long way.(哪怕是一点点的帮助，也能起到很大的作用)”可知，阿伦希望他的故事能够激励其他人也加入进来。故选A。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“Lifeline”拯救了众多生命，而我希望能够确保它能继续拯救更多人的生命。A. go去；B. kill杀死；C. keep保持；D. spend花费。根据上文“Lifeline saved so many lives”可知，“Lifeline”拯救了众多生命，而我希望能够确保它能继续拯救更多人的生命。故选C。 30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：对他而言，这既是一种对母亲的致敬方式，也是一种将痛苦转化为美好事物的途径。A. up向上；B. over越过；C. off脱离；D. into进入。根据上文“to turn his pain”以及后文“something good”指将痛苦转化为美好事物。turn...into...转化为。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·黑龙江大庆·期中） Lauren and Andrew Gruel, owners of a seafood restaurant, are used to thinking local. 31 , they serve fresh seafood from nearby fishers, but this week, their restaurant has become a wildfire 32 center. Big wildfires in Los Angeles have destroyed thousands of homes and 33 . The Gruels, heartbroken by the disaster, decided to help. They put the 34 out on social media that they would 35 donations for their neighbors up north. A stream of volunteers has shown up to the restaurant 36 to help. Some come armed with supplies; others are 37 with their trucks to transport the 38 to LA． Some of the biggest 39 right now for the hundreds of displaced Angelenos, many of whom have lost most of their belongings in the disaster, are socks, underwear and baby formula. But Lauren also thought about children who had lost everything. “Toys and coloring books would be 40 ,” she said. 41 collecting donations, the restaurant is offering free meals to wildfire 42 . “If you need to stay here, 43 a bite to eat, or figure out your next step, you’re more than 44 to just hang out here for a few while,” said Andrew. Volunteers like Alex Ordorica, a local resident, helped transport supplies. After his second trip to the center, he said, “Every box 45 isn’t just supplies — it’s a reminder that nobody’s alone in this.” 31．A．Globally B．Fortunately C．Normally D．Surprisingly 32．A．prevention B．rescue C．information D．research 33．A．jobs B．luggage C．lives D．responsibility 34．A．menu B．event C．word D．picture 35．A．earn B．house C．increase D．cancel 36．A．ready B．unable C．curious D．hesitant 37．A．calling up B．taking off C．trying out D．stopping by 38．A．medicine B．care C．aid D．arms 39．A．tools B．needs C．interests D．worries 40．A．useless B．great C．expensive D．educational 41．A．Instead of B．Due to C．In spite of D．In addition to 42．A．victims B．neighbors C．criminals D．customers 43．A．grab B．demand C．offer D．buy 44．A．grateful B．safe C．happy D．welcome 45．A．delivered B．stored C．ordered D．lost 【答案】31．C 32．B 33．C 34．C 35．B 36．A 37．D 38．C 39．B 40．B 41．D 42．A 43．A 44．D 45．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了海鲜餐厅老板劳伦和安德鲁・格鲁尔在洛杉矶大火后，将餐厅变成野火救援中心，发起捐赠活动，众多志愿者前来帮忙，餐厅还为野火受害者提供免费餐食、传递关爱的故事。 31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：通常他们供应来自附近渔民的新鲜海鲜，但这个星期他们的餐厅变成了野火救援中心。A. Globally全球地；B. Fortunately幸运地；C. Normally通常地，正常地；D. Surprisingly令人惊讶地。根据“they serve fresh seafood from nearby fishers (他们供应来自附近渔民的新鲜海鲜)”以及“but this week (但这个星期)”可知，此空说的是平时的情况。故选C项。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通常他们供应来自附近渔民的新鲜海鲜，但这个星期他们的餐厅变成了野火救援中心。A. prevention预防；B. rescue救援；C. information信息；D. research研究。根据第二段“have destroyed thousands of homes... decided to help (摧毁了数千座房屋……决定帮忙)”可知，此处是指帮助/救援中心。故选B项。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：洛杉矶的大火摧毁了数千座房屋和生命。A. jobs工作；B. luggage行李；C. lives生命；D. responsibility责任。根据“Big wildfires in Los Angeles have destroyed thousands of homes and... (洛杉矶的大火摧毁了数千座房屋和……)”可知，大火不仅烧毁了房屋，还导致房屋里的人们失去生命。故选C项。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在社交媒体上发布消息，将为北部的邻居收集捐款。A. menu菜单；B. event事件；C. word消息；D. picture图片。根据“They put the ... out on social media (他们在社交媒体上发布……)”可知，此处应是put the word out，意为“发布消息”，word意为“消息”是不可数名词。故选C项。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在社交媒体上发布消息，将为北部的邻居收集捐款。A. earn赚取；B. house收藏，安置；C. increase增加；D. cancel取消。根据 “donations (捐款)”可知，此处是指收集捐款(用于助人)。故选B项。 36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多志愿者来到餐厅准备帮忙。A. ready准备好的；B. unable不能的；C. curious好奇的；D. hesitant犹豫的。根据“A stream of volunteers has shown up (许多志愿者出现)”可知，在社交媒体上了解到相关情况后，他们主动前来，准备施以援手。be ready to do sth.意为“准备好做某事”。故选A项。 37．考查动词短语辨析。句意：有些人带着物资前来，另一些人开着卡车顺便过来运输援助物资到洛杉矶。A. calling up召集；B. taking off起飞；C. trying out试验；D. stopping by顺便拜访，路过。根据“others are ... with their trucks to transport the ... to LA. (另一些人……卡车……运输……到洛杉矶)”可知，此处是指开卡车顺便过来。故选D项。 38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人带着物资前来；另一些人开着卡车顺便过来运输援助物资到洛杉矶。A. medicine药物；B. care关心；C. aid援助；D. arms武器。根据“supplies (物资)”和“transport (运输)”可知，此处指运输援助物资，可能包括食品、饮用水、药物、被子、帐篷等。故选C项。 39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：数百名无家可归的洛杉矶人目前最需要的是袜子、内衣和婴儿配方奶粉，他们中的许多人在这场灾难中失去了大部分财产。A. tools工具；B. needs需求；C. interests兴趣；D. worries担忧。根据“socks, underwear and baby formula (袜子、内衣和婴儿配方奶粉)”可知，此处是指需要的东西、需求。故选B项。 40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：劳伦还想到了那些失去一切的孩子。“玩具和彩色书会很棒，”她说。A. useless无用的；B. great极好的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. educational有教育意义的。根据“children who had lost everything (失去一切的孩子)”和“Toys and coloring books (玩具和彩色书)”可知，玩具和彩色书对失去一切的孩子来说是好东西，是能够抚慰他们受伤身体和心灵的良药。故选B项。 41．考查介词短语辨析。句意：除了收集捐款，餐厅还为野火受害者提供免费餐食。A. Instead of代替；B. Due to由于；C. In spite of尽管；D. In addition to除……之外。根据“donations (捐款)”和“free meals (免费餐食)”可知，此处是指除了收集捐款，还有其他帮助行动。故选D项。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了收集捐款，餐厅还为野火受害者提供免费餐食。A. victims受害者；B. neighbors邻居；C. criminals罪犯；D. customers顾客。根据“the restaurant is offering free meals to wildfire (餐厅为野火……提供免费餐食)”可知，此处是指在大火中受到伤害的人，可能他们的房屋被烧毁了，财产也毁于一旦，还食不果腹了。故选A项。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果你需要待在这个餐馆里，吃点东西，或者想想下一步怎么做，我们非常欢迎你在这里待一会儿，”安德鲁说。A. grab 抓住，(尤指匆忙地)吃、喝；B. demand要求；C. offer提供；D. buy买。根据“free meals (免费餐食)”和“a bite to eat (吃……)”可知，此处应是固定短语grab a bite to eat，意为“ 吃点东西”。故选A项。 44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“如果你需要待在这个餐馆里，吃点东西，或者想想下一步怎么做，我们非常欢迎你在这里待一会儿，”安德鲁说。A. grateful感激的；B. safe安全的；C. happy快乐的；D. welcome受欢迎的。根据“If you need to stay here (如果你需要待在这个餐馆里)”和“you’re more than... to just hang out here for a few while (……你在这里待一会儿)”可知，此处是指餐厅老板乐意为人们提供帮助，欢迎他们在此小憩。be welcome to do sth.意为“做某事是受欢迎的”。故选D项。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在第二次前往该中心后，他说：“每一个送达的箱子不仅仅是物资——它提醒着人们，在这件事上没有人是孤独的。”A. delivered运送；B. stored储存；C. ordered订购；D. lost丢失。根据“Every box... isn’t just supplies (每一个……箱子不仅仅是物资)”以及第二段最后一句可知，装有物资的箱子是被运输/运送的。故选A项。 主题02 人与自我——个人成长与人生价值 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·湖南长沙·期中） I am sometimes asked about how I deal with my disability, I compare it to a hair colour: I 1 it: sometimes it’s okay, but sometimes it’s very 2 . Actually, I haven’t always been relaxed about my disability. When I was younger, I found it hard to 3 help and felt uncomfortable if the conversation suddenly turned to disabilities, 4 , and things like that. I still remember exactly how the thought of a 5 pushing my wheelchair filled me with much 6 . I found it unpleasant travelling on public transport. I didn’t want to be the one that made the bus driver have to 7 and fold out the ramp (活动梯) and then put it back again, especially when impatient 8 would give me angry looks. Today, I have a different 9 . We all need help sometime in certain places and I just need a ramp in these 10 . Even in a city full of complainers like Berlin, there are also plenty of helpful people. If I 11 ask for help, I always find a helping hand. I now know that I can be independent, even though I am offered 12 at times. It works best when I just 13 clearly whether I need help or not. Therefore, I am the one who is acting independently. However, with very 14 guys, I replied, “It’s just brittle (脆弱的) bones.” This satisfies their thirst for knowledge and I’m left 15 . 1．A．hate B．ignore C．like D．have 2．A．annoying B．misleading C．shocking D．confusing 3．A．offer B．accept C．refuse D．understand 4．A．heights B．shoes C．sticks D．weights 5．A．policeman B．driver C．friend D．relative 6．A．joy B．appreciation C．tension D．regret 7．A．get up B．straighten up C．lie down D．settle down 8．A．tourists B．teenagers C．cyclists D．passengers 9．A．identity B．angle C．desire D．strength 10．A．rooms B．groups C．years D．cases 11．A．courageously B．hesitantly C．occasionally D．wisely 12．A．support B．comfort C．treatments D．donations 13．A．write B．observe C．declare D．assume 14．A．mean B．earnest C．familiar D．curious 15．A．delighted B．relaxed C．anxious D．confident 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．D 11．A 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者如何看待并应对自身残疾的经历和心态变化。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有时会被问到如何应对我的残疾，我把它比作头发颜色：我拥有它：有时还好，但有时也很烦人。A. hate讨厌；B. ignore忽视；C. like喜欢；D. have有。根据前文“I compare it to a hair colour ”可知，作者将残疾比作“头发颜色”，头发颜色是“与生俱来拥有”的属性，残疾也是作者自身的一部分，所以have符合“客观拥有”的语境。故选D。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. annoying烦人的；B. misleading误导的；C. shocking震惊的；D. confusing困惑的。根据前文“sometimes it’s okay, but sometimes it’s very”可知，后半句和前文为转折关系，需体现残疾带来的负面感受，所以有时作者觉得的残疾也很烦人。故选A。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我年轻的时候，我发现很难接受帮助，如果谈话突然转到残疾、拐杖之类的话题上，我会感到不舒服。A. offer提供；B. accept接受；C. refuse拒绝；D. understand理解。根据后文“help and felt uncomfortable”可知，作者对于别人的帮助很不舒服，所以他很难接受帮助。故选B。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. heights高度；B. shoes鞋子；C. sticks棍子，拐杖；D. weights重量。根据前文“the conversation suddenly turned to disabilities”可知，此处指残疾、拐杖之类的话题。故选C。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仍然清楚地记得，一想到司机推着我的轮椅，我就充满了紧张。A. policeman警察；B. driver司机；C. friend朋友；D. relative亲戚。根据后文“ I didn’t want to be the one that made the bus driver have to____7____and fold out the ramp (活动梯) and then put it back again”可知，作者想到公交车司机指司机推着自己的轮椅就不舒服。故选B。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. joy快乐；B. appreciation欣赏；C. tension紧张；D. regret后悔。根据后文“I found it unpleasant travelling on public transport.”可知，作者对于乘坐公共交通感到不愉快，所以一想到司机推轮椅就紧张。故选C。 7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不想成为那个让公交车司机不得不起身、展开活动梯然后再收起来的人，尤其是当不耐烦的乘客给我愤怒的眼神时。A. get up起床，起身；B. straighten up挺直身子；C. lie down躺下；D. settle down安定下来，坐下。根据后文“and fold out the ramp and then put it back again”可知，司机要放下斜坡，让作者上车，所以需要先停下来，站起身才能完成这个动作。故选A。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. tourists游客；B. teenagers青少年；C. cyclists骑自行车的人；D. passengers乘客。根据前文“I didn’t want to be the one that made the bus driver”可知，场景设定在“公交车上”，车上的人是“乘客”。故选D。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，我有了不同的看法。A. identity身份；B. angle角度；C. desire欲望；D. strength力量。根据后文“We all need help sometime in certain places and I just need a ramp”可知，作者对于残疾有了不同的看法。故选B。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在某些地方，我们都需要帮助，我只是在这些情况下需要一个斜坡。A. rooms房间；B. groups团体；C. years年；D. cases情况。根据前文“We all need help sometime in certain places and I just need a ramp in these”可知，作者在某些情况下需要一个斜坡，“these cases”指代前文“sometime in certain places”（有时在某些地方）的“特定情形”，符合“在需要的情形下使用活动梯”的语境。故选D。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我勇敢地寻求帮助，我总能找到帮手。A. courageously勇敢地；B. hesitantly犹豫地；C. occasionally偶尔；D. wisely明智地。根据后文“I always find a helping hand”可知，作者偶尔需要帮助时，总能找到帮助。故选A。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我现在知道，即使有时有人提供支持，我也可以独立。A. support支持；B. comfort安慰；C. treatments治疗；D. donations捐赠。根据前文“I can be independent, even though”可知，作者认为尽管有时候要接受别人的帮助，自己也可以独立。故选A。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我清楚地表明我是否需要帮助时，效果最好。A. write写；B. observe观察；C. declare宣布，表明；D. assume假设。根据后文“clearly whether I need help or not”可知，前文提到年轻时“不敢接受帮助”，现在心态转变，应是“克服恐惧、勇敢求助”。故选C。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，对于非常好奇的人，我回答说：“只是骨头脆弱。”A. mean吝啬的；B. earnest认真的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文“This satisfies their thirst for knowledge”可知，此处指对于非常好奇的人，作者会回答他们的问题。故选D。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这满足了他们的求知欲，我也放松了。A. delighted高兴的；B. relaxed放松的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. confident自信的。根据上文“This satisfies their thirst for knowledge and I’m left”可知，作者回答了别人的问题，满足了他们的求知欲，自己也放松了。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·辽宁·期中）Since the beginning of my PhD．, my life had been packed with activities. Besides working full time on my own research, I 16 my colleagues’ experiments by helping with tasks like data analysis. I attended every course that I could, believing my ability to 17 a tight schedule was a measure of my 18 . However, behind my busyness lay an undeniable truth — I was burned out. My attention was 19 — I couldn’t put my best work into all the 20 . Then after a major error in my research paper, a colleague came and 21 , “You need to raise your working approach, but more importantly, you need to 22 .” I took his advice. I purchased a separate work phone, which I would leave 23 in the evenings. I also started to set clear 24 around my work hours and became more 25 about the projects I took on. Initially, I felt I was doing something that might 26 my career. But my priorities became clearer as I took more time to 27 and reflect on my work. 28 , I realized I really liked writing the thesises and put more time and effort into them. Ultimately, this 29 made me more productive. Creating space for yourself isn’t a sign of 30 ; it’s a way to focus on what truly matters to you. 16．A．aided B．graded C．funded D．scheduled 17．A．assign B．manage C．delay D．decline 18．A．patience B．ambition C．knowledge D．competence 19．A．divided B．focused C．drawn D．directed 20．A．achievements B．categories C．tasks D．rewards 21．A．ordered B．blamed C．suggested D．investigated 22．A．slow down B．hang on C．cheer up D．fight back 23．A．uncharged B．untouched C．unpaid D．unlocked 24．A．guidelines B．boundaries C．goals D．deadlines 25．A．anxious B．curious C．confident D．selective 26．A．launch B．improve C．affect D．lengthen 27．A．conduct B．breathe C．experiment D．battle 28．A．For instance B．In addition C．By contrast D．As always 29．A．belief B．training C．purchase D．change 30．A．showing off B．breaking down C．falling behind D．fading away 【答案】16．A 17．B 18．D 19．A 20．C 21．C 22．A 23．B 24．B 25．D 26．C 27．B 28．A 29．D 30．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者读博期间因过度忙碌导致过度劳累，在同事建议下调整工作方式、学会留白，最终提升效率并领悟生活真谛的故事。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了全职投入自己的研究，我还通过数据分析等工作协助同事做实验。A. aided协助；B. graded评分；C. funded资助；D. scheduled安排。根据下文“by helping with tasks like data analysis”可知，作者的行为是“协助”同事，“aided”与“helping”语义一致，符合“团队协作”的语境。故选A项。 17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我参加了所有能参加的课程，认为自己应对紧凑日程的能力是衡量我能力的标准。A. assign分配；B. manage应对，管理；C. delay推迟；D. decline拒绝。根据下文“a tight schedule”可知，作者需要“应对”大量事务，“manage”体现“处理、安排”的能力，符合“忙碌状态下统筹事务”的语境。故选B项。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我参加了所有能参加的课程，认为自己应对紧凑日程的能力是衡量我能力的标准。A. patience耐心；B. ambition野心；C. knowledge知识；D. competence能力。根据上文“my ability”可知，作者认为自己应对紧凑日程的能力是衡量能力的标准。故选D项。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的注意力被分散了——我无法把最好的状态投入到所有任务中。A. divided分散；B. focused集中；C. drawn吸引；D. directed指导。根据上文“I was burned out.”可知，作者过度劳累，且同时处理自身研究、协助同事、参加课程等多项事务，注意力必然被“分散”，“divided”符合“多任务导致精力不集中”的逻辑，与后文“couldn’t put my best work into...”（无法全力投入）形成因果关系。故选A项。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的注意力被分散了——我无法把最好的状态投入到所有任务中。A. achievements成就；B. categories类别；C. tasks任务；D. rewards奖励。作者需要处理的“自身研究、协助同事、上课”均属于“任务”，“tasks”是对这些具体事务的概括，符合“投入精力到事务中”的语境。故选C项。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来我的研究论文出现重大错误，一位同事过来建议道：“你需要改进工作方法，但更重要的是，你需要慢下来。”A. ordered命令；B. blamed责备；C. suggested建议；D. investigated调查。根据下文“You need to raise your working approach, but more importantly, you need to...”可知，同事的话是针对作者的问题提出的解决方案，语气平和且具有指导性，属于“建议”。故选C项。 22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来我的研究论文出现重大错误，一位同事过来建议道：“你需要改进工作方法，但更重要的是，你需要慢下来。”A. slow down慢下来；B. hang on坚持；C. cheer up振作；D. fight back反击。作者因过度忙碌导致失误，同事的核心建议应是“减少忙碌、调整节奏”，“slow down”直接针对“紧凑日程、精力分散”的问题，与后文“leave... in the evenings”（晚上不碰工作手机）、“set clear... around work hours”（明确工作时间界限）的调整措施呼应。故选A项。 23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我买了一部专门的工作手机，晚上就放在一边不碰。A. uncharged未充电的；B. untouched未触碰的；C. unpaid未付款的；D. unlocked未上锁的。根据上文“you need to 7 ”可知，为了慢下来，作者需要在晚上脱离工作，“untouched”体现“完全不处理工作”的状态，符合“划清工作与生活界限”的目的。故选B项。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还开始为自己的工作时间设定明确的界限，并对所承担的项目更加挑剔。A. guidelines指导方针；B. boundaries界限；C. goals目标；D. deadlines截止日期。根据下文“around my work hours”可知，作者是在明确“工作与休息的界限”，“boundaries”强调“划分范围”，符合“不加班、晚上不碰工作手机”的行为逻辑。故选B项。 25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还开始为自己的工作时间设定明确的界限，并对所承担的项目更加挑剔。A. anxious焦虑的；B. curious好奇的；C. confident自信的；D. selective挑剔的，有选择的。根据上文“I also started to set clear 9 around my work hours”可知，为了避免“精力分散”，作者需要减少不必要的任务，“selective”体现“只承担重要项目”的态度，与“slow down”、“focus on what truly matters”的核心思路一致。故选D项。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，我觉得自己在做可能影响职业生涯的事。A. launch发起；B. improve改善；C. affect影响；D. lengthen延长。根据上文“Initially”以及“my career”可知，作者习惯了“忙碌即能力”的认知，突然减少任务、放慢节奏，会担心这种改变对职业产生负面“影响”。故选C项。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当我花更多时间放松、反思工作时，我的优先事项变得更清晰了。A. conduct实施；B. breathe呼吸（引申为“放松”）；C. experiment实验；D. battle斗争。根据上文“slow down”以及下文“reflect on my work”可知，作者更多时间放松。故选B项。 28．考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，我意识到自己真的很喜欢写论文，于是在这上面投入了更多时间和精力。A. For instance例如；B. In addition此外；C. By contrast相比之下；D. As always一如既往。根据下文“I realized I really liked writing the thesis and put more time and effort into them.”可知，“喜欢写论文、投入更多精力”是对“明确优先事项”的具体举例说明，“For instance”符合语境。故选A项。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，这种改变让我效率更高了。A. belief信念；B. training训练；C. purchase购买；D. change改变。前文详细描述了作者的调整：买工作手机、设定时间界限、筛选项目、花时间反思等，这些均属于“改变”，“change”是对前文所有调整措施的概括，与后文“more productive”（效率更高）形成因果关系。故选D项。 30．考查动词短语辨析。句意：给自己留白不是落后的信号，而是专注于真正对你重要事物的方式。A. showing off炫耀；B. breaking down崩溃；C. falling behind落后；D. fading away逐渐消失。作者起初担心“调整工作方式影响职业”，本质是怕“落后于他人”，此处通过否定“falling behind”（落后），纠正了“忙碌=优秀”的错误认知，与前文“起初的担忧”呼应。故选C项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·安徽合肥·期中） Our science teacher, Mr. Clark, announced a team experiment competition. I was paired with Emma, the quietest girl in class. To be honest, I felt slightly 31 because she rarely spoke in discussions. We chose a chemistry project about plant growth. Emma suggested using 32 music as a variable (变量), which surprised me. “Plants can’t hear!” I argued, but she showed me research articles. I 33 my doubts and agreed to try. The first week was 34 for me. While I rushed through measurements, Emma carefully 35 every detail in her notebook. When our first seedlings died, I wanted to 36 , but she calmly said, “Mistakes are data too.” One afternoon, I found Emma alone in the lab, 37 with different light settings. Seeing her 38 , I finally understood her strength. From then on, we 39 our skills — my speed and her exactness. On presentation day, our 40 graphs (图表) showed something amazing: plants exposed to classical music grew 15% taller! As classmates crowded around, Emma 41 explained the science. I added our 42 story, making everyone laugh. We won second prize, but the real reward was the 43 I learned: (1) Never judge someone by their 44 ; (2) The best discoveries happen when 45 minds work together. 31．A．excited B．disappointed C．amused D．proud 32．A．classical B．loud C．modern D．soft 33．A．dealt with B．put aside C．came across D．found out 34．A．dangerous B．boring C．perfect D．frustrating 35．A．listed B．listened C．recorded D．reviewed 36．A．quit B．apologize C．complain D．cheat 37．A．competing B．struggling C．fixing D．experimenting 38．A．humor B．patience C．anger D．sadness 39．A．compared B．hid C．combined D．tested 40．A．organized B．outdated C．misleading D．difficult 41．A．shyly B．confidently C．willingly D．modestly 42．A．childhood B．friendship C．failure D．adventure 43．A．lesson B．challenge C．time D．habit 44．A．height B．grades C．speed D．quietness 45．A．similar B．hard C．young D．different 【答案】31．B 32．A 33．B 34．D 35．C 36．A 37．D 38．B 39．C 40．A 41．B 42．C 43．A 44．D 45．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和班级里最安静的女孩艾玛组队参加科学实验比赛，起初作者对艾玛的能力表示怀疑，但在合作过程中，作者逐渐认识到艾玛的优点，两人最终合作完成了实验并获得了二等奖的故事。传达了不要以貌取人，不同思维的人合作能带来最好的发现的道理。 31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我有点失望，因为她很少在讨论中发言。A. excited兴奋的；B. disappointed失望的；C. amused被逗乐的；D. proud骄傲的。根据下文“because she rarely spoke in discussions”可知，因为艾玛很少在讨论中发言，所以作者感到有点“失望”。故选B项。 32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：艾玛建议用古典音乐作为变量，这让我很惊讶。A. classical古典的；B. loud大声的；C. modern现代的；D. soft柔软的。根据下文“plants exposed to classical music grew 15% taller!”可知，实验中使用的是“古典”音乐。故选A项。 33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我先不管这些疑虑，同意试一试。A. dealt with处理；B. put aside把……放在一边，暂时搁置；C. came across偶遇；D. found out查明。根据下文“agreed to try”可知，作者没有完全消除疑虑，但先“搁置下来，放在一边”，同意试一试。故选B项。 34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一周对我来说很令人沮丧。A. dangerous危险的；B. boring无聊的；C. perfect完美的；D. frustrating令人沮丧的。根据下文“While I rushed through measurements, Emma carefully ____5____ every detail in her notebook. When our first seedlings died, I wanted to ____6____ , but she calmly said, “Mistakes are data too.””可知，作者做事急躁且首次实验失败，所以这段经历是“令人沮丧的”。故选D项。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我匆匆测量时，艾玛在笔记本上仔细记录了每一个细节。A. listed列出；B. listened听；C. recorded记录；D. reviewed复习。根据下文“every detail in her notebook”可知，艾玛在笔记本上仔细“记录”了每一个细节。故选C项。 36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们的第一批幼苗枯死时，我想放弃，但她平静地说：“错误也是数据。”A. quit放弃；B. apologize道歉；C. complain抱怨；D. cheat欺骗。根据上文“When our first seedlings died”以及下文“but she calmly said, “Mistakes are data too.””可知，作者因失败想“放弃”，而艾玛在鼓励作者。故选A项。 37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，我发现艾玛独自一人在实验室里用不同的灯光设置做实验。A. competing竞争；B. struggling挣扎；C. fixing修理；D. experimenting做实验。根据上文“I found Emma alone in the lab”以及下文“with different light settings”可知，艾玛独自在实验室里尝试用不同的灯光设置“做实验”。故选D项。 38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到她的耐心，我终于明白了她的优势所在。A. humor幽默；B. patience耐心；C. anger愤怒；D. sadness悲伤。根据上文“Emma carefully ____5____ every detail in her notebook”、“calmly said”及“One afternoon, I found Emma alone in the lab, ____7____ with different light settings.”可知，艾玛很有“耐心”。故选B项。 39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我们结合了各自的技能 —— 我的速度和她的精准。A. compared比较；B. hid隐藏；C. combined结合；D. tested测试。根据下文“my speed and her exactness”可知，作者和艾玛“结合”双方各自的优势开始合作。故选C项。 40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：展示那天，我们条理清晰的图表显示了一个惊人的结果：接触古典音乐的植物长高了15%！A. organized有条理的；B. outdated过时的；C. misleading误导的；D. difficult困难的。根据下文“graphs (图表) showed something amazing”可知，图表能清晰呈现结果，说明是“有条理的”。故选A项。 41．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当同学们围过来时，艾玛自信地解释了其中的科学原理。A. shyly害羞地；B. confidently自信地；C. willingly愿意地；D. modestly谦虚地。根据上文“As classmates crowded around”和下文“explained the science”以及实验成功的背景可知，艾玛对实验原理很了解，因此她应是“自信地”解释了科学原理。故选B项。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我补充了我们失败的经历，逗得大家都笑了。A. childhood童年；B. friendship友谊；C. failure失败；D. adventure冒险。根据上文“When our first seedlings died, I wanted to ____6____ , but she calmly said, “Mistakes are data too.””可知，作者和艾玛的实验有过失败的经历，所以此处指作者补充分享了她们的“失败”故事。故选C项。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们获得了二等奖，但真正的收获是我学到的道理：（1）永远不要以一个人的安静（表象）来评判他；（2）当不同的思维共同协作时，最棒的发现就会产生。A. lesson道理，教训；B. challenge挑战；C. time时间；D. habit习惯。根据下文“(1) Never judge someone by their ____14____ ; (2) The best discoveries happen when ____15____ minds work together.”可知，作者从这次经历中学到了人生“道理”。故选A项。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。 A. height高度；B. grades成绩；C. speed速度；D. quietness安静。根据上文“I was paired with Emma, the quietest girl in class.”以及“Never judge someone by their”可知，作者最初因为艾玛的“安静”而对她有所怀疑，但最终认识到不能以貌取人，这是作者的反思感悟。故选D项。 45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. similar相似的；B. hard困难的；C. young年轻的；D. different不同的。根据上文“Our science teacher, Mr. Clark, announced a team experiment competition. I was paired with Emma, the quietest girl in class.”和“my speed and her exactness”以及“The best discoveries happen when ____15____ minds work together.”可知，作者和艾玛性格不同，思维不同，但她们合作完成了实验并获得了二等奖，所以此处指“不同的”思维一起工作时，最好的发现就会产生。故选D项。 主题03 人与自然——环境保护与可持续发展 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·上海长宁·期中） Farmers in southern Italy are cultivating tropical fruits like avocados and mangos. Tropical creatures such as the rabbitfish are 1 in Mediterranean nets. And the winemakers in southern France are worried that their grapes may become extinct. Fifty years ago all this would have been 2 , but since the early 1980s rising temperatures have forced some farmers to 3 grapes for some tropical fruits. Italy and France have long been proud of their cuisines. Both countries jealously 4 the rules that say  only ham made in Parma, a province in northern Italy can be called “Prosciutto di Parma”, and only fizzy wine made in Champagne can be called champagne. Roquefort, that most 5 of blue cheeses, was given special protection by the parliament of Toulouse in 1550. The fact of having been grown somewhere famous has traditionally been seen as a guarantee of 6 . But climate change could 7 that. Take polenta(意大利玉米糊), a popular Italian dish consisting almost entirely of ground corn. High temperatures and drier weather have already reduced corn yields in southern Italy. If this pattern continues and spreads 8 , will Italian polenta-makers have to order their corn from elsewhere? And what about durum wheat, which grows 9 in Mediterranean lands and is used to make pasta, flatbreads and couscous? Modelling suggests that durum yields will sharply fall there if the temperature keeps on rising. So should we worry about the future of spaghetti? Gabriele Cola, a researcher at Milan University, is   10 about the short term. “I don’t see crops at serious risk, because farming is more 11 and technologically capable, so it can always respond to changes,” he says. Increased irrigation(灌溉) can 12 the effects of drought. Scientists may also breed more resistant varieties of crops. But 13 deeper change seems likely. If temperatures continue to rise, farmers in northern  Europe may find they can grow southern staples( 主食 ); polenta may 14 northern Europe. Meanwhile, the Italian southerner may also have to 15 if tropical fruits continue to spread there. 1．A．taking over B．turning up C．getting off D．holding back 2．A．unnoticeable B．respectable C．unthinkable D．believable 3．A．switch B．cultivate C．trade D．supply 4．A．revise B．bend C．break D．guard 5．A．celebrated B．publicized C．introduced D．favored 6．A．yield B．quality C．origin D．price 7．A．revise B．activate C．upset D．achieve 8．A．backwards B．outwards C．northwards D．downwards 9．A．plentifully B．especially C．frequently D．specifically 10．A．concerned B．optimistic C．disappointed D．romantic 11．A．harvested B．qualified C．achieved D．informed 12．A．generate B．sustain C．reverse D．maintain 13．A．in this respect B．in the long run C．in an instant D．in other words 14．A．invade B．survive C．represent D．engage 15．A．adapt B．invest C．resist D．imitate 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．A 【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了气候变化将如何影响我们的饮食。 1．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：地中海的渔网中出现了诸如河豚之类的热带鱼。A.taking over接管； B. turning up 出现；C. getting off 下车；D. holding back忍住。根据“in Mediterranean nets”可知，在渔网中捞到热带鱼，它们是出现在渔网中。故选B。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：50年前，这一切都是不可想象的。A. unnoticeable不显明的；B. respectable尊重的； C. unthinkable不可想象的； D. believable可信的。根据“Fifty years ago all this would have been 　　2　　　 , but since the early 1980s rising temperatures have forced”可知，50年前没有这种情况出现。故选C。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但自20世纪80年代初以来，气温的不断上升迫使一些农民不再种植葡萄，而改种百香果。A. switch 转换；B. cultivate培养； C. trade 贸易；D. supply提供。根据“ grapes for some tropical fruits.”可知，气温的不断上升迫使一些农民改种百香果。故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两个国家都小心翼翼地坚守着规则：只有在帕尔马制造的火腿才能被称为“帕尔马火腿”，只有在香槟区酿造的起泡葡萄酒才能被称为“香槟”。 A. revise 修订；B. bend 弯腰；C. break打破； D. guard保卫。根据“ the rules that say   only ham made in Parma, a province in northern Italy can be called ‘Prosciutto di Parma’, and only fizzy wine made in Champagne can be called champagne.”可知，这是坚守的规则。故选D。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1550年，图卢兹议会给予了最负盛名的蓝纹奶酪洛克福奶酪特别保护。A. celebrated 著名的；B. publicized被宣传的； C. introduced 被介绍的；D. favored支持的。根据“was given special protection by the parliament of Toulouse in 1550. ”可知，这是最著名的洛克福奶酪。故选A。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：传统上，产自某个著名的地方往往被视为质量的保证。A. yield产量； B. quality 品质；C. origin起源； D. price价格。根据“ the rules that say   only ham made in Parma, a province in northern Italy can be called ‘Prosciutto di Parma’, and only fizzy wine made in Champagne can be called champagne.”可知，产自某个著名的地方往往被视为质量的保证，故选B。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但气候变化可能会打破这一规则。A. revise修订； B. activate 激活；C. upset不高兴，破坏； D. achieve获得。根据“High temperatures and drier weather have already reduced corn yields in southern Italy.”可知，这是规则被气候变化破坏。故选C。 8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果这样的气候持续下去并向北蔓延，那么意大利的玉米粥制造商是否只得从其他地方订购玉米了？A. backwards向后； B. outwards 向外；C. northwards向北； D. downwards向下。根据“High temperatures and drier weather have already reduced corn yields in southern Italy.”可知，从南影响到北。故选C。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：还有在地中海地区广泛种植的用于制作意大利面、面包和古斯古斯的硬质小麦呢?A. plentifully大量地； B. especially 尤其地；C. frequently 经常地；D. specifically明确地。根据“Modelling suggests that durum yields will sharply fall there if the temperature keeps on rising.”可知，如果温度持续上升，地中海硬质小麦的原来的大产量将会大幅下降。故选A。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意： 米兰大学的研究员加布里埃尔·科拉对短期前景持乐观态度。 A. concerned关心的； B. optimistic 乐观的；C. disappointed 失望的；D. romantic浪漫的。根据“I don’t see crops at serious risk, ”可知，他态度乐观。故选B。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说：“我认为农作物不会面临严重的风险，因为我们在农业上具备知识和技术能力，所以总能面对气候变化做出反应”。 A. harvested收获的； B. qualified 有资格的；C. achieved获得的； D. informed 见多识广的 ; 有学问的 ; 有见识的。根据“ technologically capable”可知，因为我们在农业上具备知识和技术能力。故选D。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：增加灌溉可以彻底转变干旱的影响。 A. generate 产生；B. sustain维持； C. reverse颠倒;彻底转变； D. maintain保留。根据常识可知，这是灌溉可以彻底转变干旱的影响。故选C。 13．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：但从长远来看，可能会产生更深层次的影响。A. in this respect 在这方面；B. in the long run 长远看；C. in an instant 马上；D. in other words换句话说。根据“deeper change seems likely.”可知，虽然采取了一些救济措施，但长远看，还会有影响。故选B。 114．考查动词词义辨析。句意：玉米粥可能会入侵德国。A. invade 侵略；B. survive幸存； C. represent 代表；D. engage参与。根据“Meanwhile, the Italian southerner may also have to 　　　15　 if tropical fruits continue to spread there.”可知，这是一种农作物的蔓延、侵略。故选A。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，如果热带水果继续在意大利南部蔓延，意大利南部可能也不得不适应。 A. adapt 适应；B. invest 投资；C. resist 抵抗；D. imitate模仿。根据“if tropical fruits continue to spread there.”可知，如果热带水果继续在意大利南部蔓延，意大利南部只能适应。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·江西南昌·期中） As our Earth’s temperature warms up because of climate change, it is having unexpected effects on our world’s forests. When temperatures rise, trees close their skins to 16 the loss of water, and this, in turn, slows down the 17 of photosynthesis(光合作用). As a result, these trees are shorter and grow slowly, as well as have a 18 death rate. Climate change also increases the 19 of droughts and wildfires. After wildfires, it takes a while for the forest systems to 20 , and in some cases, the forests are 21 permanently. Trees that are stressed are also 22 to attacks by bacteria(细菌). In tropical forests, vines that use the trees as 23 can often choke the trees and rob them of nutrients. Finally, humans have 24 the forest landscape through logging. When trees are replanted on the soil, they will never grow as large as the 25 trees that were cut down. As these forests disappear, species that once called them “home” are forced to change, 26 the variety of those systems. 27 , some endangered species are unable to 28 and die. Old-growth forests are disappearing in all regions of our world. When forests die, younger forests that are reestablished in the same area grow back weaker and smaller 29 poor vegetation. With trees dying increasingly and continuously, will future generations 30 out on the wonders of forests? 16．A．protect B．prevent C．save D．free 17．A．movement B．situation C．process D．operation 18．A．higher B．firmer C．lighter D．smaller 19．A．choice B．measure C．qualification D．chance 20．A．grow B．rescue C．recover D．decline 21．A．ignored B．lost C．hurt D．left 22．A．accessible B．enjoyable C．acceptable D．favorable 23．A．attention B．command C．trust D．support 24．A．frightened B．paid C．ruined D．wasted 25．A．common B．original C．distant D．strong 26．A．affecting B．improving C．forgetting D．reflecting 27．A．Besides B．Surprisingly C．Otherwise D．Unfortunately 28．A．devote B．keep C．adapt D．lead 29．A．due to B．in addition to C．instead of D．in spite of 30．A．pass B．miss C．break D．bring 【答案】16．B 17．C 18．A 19．D 20．C 21．B 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．B 26．A 27．D 28．C 29．A 30．B 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了由于气候变化，地球温度上升，这对我们世界的森林产生了意想不到的影响。先是温度上升导致树木矮小，生长缓慢，死亡率高；其次，气候变化也增加了干旱和野火的可能性，野火导致了森林的消失，因此以森林为“家”的物种被迫发生改变，甚至死亡。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当温度上升时，树木会将树皮闭合，以防止水分流失，而这反过来又会减慢光合作用的进程。A. protect保护；B. prevent阻止；C. save拯救；D. free释放。根据后文the loss of water可知树木将皮肤闭合是为了阻止水分的流失。故选B。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当温度上升时，树木会将树皮闭合，以防止水分流失，而这反过来又会减慢光合作用的进程。A. movement活动；B. situation情况；C. process进程；D. operation操作。结合上下文语境，树木闭合了树皮来防止水分流失，这反过来又减缓了光合作用的进程（process）。故选C。 18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，这些树较矮，生长缓慢，死亡率也较高。A. higher更高的；B. firmer更坚固的；C. lighter更明亮的；D. smaller更小的。根据上文these trees are shorter and grow slowly可知树木矮小，生长缓慢，所以死亡率也会更高了。故选A。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：气候变化也增加了干旱和野火的可能性。A. choice选择；B. measure测量；C. qualification资格；D. chance可能性，机会。根据后文After wildfires可知全球气温升高增加了干旱和野火发生的可能性。故选D。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：野火过后，森林系统需要一段时间才能恢复，在某些情况下，森林会永久无法恢复。A. grow生长；B. rescue营救；C. recover恢复；D. decline下降。结合上文After wildfires, it takes a while for the forest systems to可知野火焚烧了森林之后，森林系统需要时间才能恢复。故选C。 21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：野火过后，森林系统需要一段时间才能恢复，在某些情况下，森林会永久无法恢复。A. ignored被忽视的；B. lost无法恢复的；C. hurt受伤的；D. left左边的。结合上文可知野火焚烧了森林，森林需要时间来恢复，但是某些情况下，森林也可能不能恢复了。故选B。 22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：压力大的树木也容易受到细菌的攻击。A. accessible易接近的；B. enjoyable快乐的；C. acceptable可接受的；D. favorable赞成的。根据后文to attacks by bacteria可知树木也容易受到细菌的攻击。短语be accessible to“容易进入的，容易接近的”。故选A。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在热带森林中，以树木为支撑的藤本植物经常会窒息树木，并剥夺树木的营养。A. attention注意力；B. command命令；C. trust信任；D. support支撑，支持。结合上文vines that use the trees as可知藤本植物是以树木为支撑的，故选D。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，人类通过伐木，毁坏了森林景观。A. frightened使害怕；B. paid支付；C. ruined毁灭；D. wasted浪费。结合后文the forest landscape through logging可知人类伐木毁坏了森林景观。故选C。 25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当树木被重新种植在土壤上时，它们永远不会长得像原来被砍伐的树那么大。A. common普通的；B. original原来的；C. distant遥远的；D. strong强壮的。结合后文trees that were cut down可知此处指的是，人们新种植的树木，不会长得像原来被砍伐的树那么大了。故选B。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着这些森林的消失，曾经把它们称为“家”的物种被迫改变，影响了这些系统的多样性。A. affecting影响；B. improving改善；C. forgetting忘记；D. reflecting放射。承接上文As these forests disappear, species that once called them “home” are forced to change可知森林的消失，改变了这些物种，也影响了这些物种的多样性。故选A。 27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，一些濒危物种无法适应而死亡。A. Besides而且；B. Surprisingly惊人地；C. Otherwise否则；D. Unfortunately不幸地。根据后文some endangered species are unable to可知某些物种很不幸地是，无法适应这些改变，只能死亡。故选D。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，一些濒危物种无法适应而死亡。A. devote贡献；B. keep保持；C. adapt适应；D. lead带领。根据上文species that once called them “home” are forced to change可知物种被迫发生改变了，而某些物种无法适应，只能死去。故选C。 29．考查短语辨析。句意：当森林死亡时，在同一地区重新建立的年轻森林由于植被不良，而变得更弱更小。A. due to因为；B. in addition to另外；C. instead of而不是；D. in spite of尽管。根据后文poor vegetation可知此处指年轻森林由于（due to）植被不良，而变得更弱更小。故选A。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着树木不断地死亡，子孙后代会错过森林的奇迹吗？A. pass通过；B. miss错过；C. break打破；D. bring带来。结合后文out on the wonders of forests可知此处指错过森林的奇迹。短语miss out“错过”。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·上海金山·期中） If you like to take a walk in the woods in the United States or you prefer to decorate a tree at Christmas, you should know that climate change is making both of those activities a lot more 31 . Looking at two 32 and economically important species - the Douglas fir and the Ponderosa pine -scientists found that fires and drought 33 by climate change make new growth difficult, especially in low-elevation forests, according to a study published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Some forests in four regions in California, Colorado, the Northern Rockies and the southwestern part of the United States have crossed ''a(n) 34 climate tipping(转折)point for post-fire tree generation, '' the study says. Climate conditions over the past 20 years have 35 changes that would have taken decades or even centuries to 36 across broad regions of the country. This is leading to the sudden 37 of trees and making these lands increasingly unsuitable for tree regeneration. ''Climate changes is 38 our forests now, not just in some distant future. Maybe in areas where there are really 39 seed sources, there could be some trees, but it is becoming really hard to get these trees back due to climate change, '' said study co-author Kim Davis. The problem probably won't get any better, as climate change is making intense wildfires much more 40 . Western foresters say there used to be a fire season. But devastating and 41 fires have become a reality all year long. In 2018, fire cost California more than $9.05 billion, according to the USA insurance commissioner, the deadliest and most destructive wildfires season in the 42 history. A higher number of fires and low seed availability means a high probability that these trees in these regions won't come back, Davis said. This study 43 on the driest and hottest areas of the Western forests, but researchers will next try to focus on how much will be impacted. 44 , there are some things people can do to ease some of this problem. Forest management plans that reduce high-severity burns can help. Increasingly, forest managers are considering allowing some fires to burn under more moderate conditions, Davis said, Forest 45 can also replant trees after fire, at least in the areas where climate conditions will allow. 31．A．convenient B．difficult C．encouraging D．frustrating 32．A．ecologically B．apparently C．physically D．financially 33．A．destroyed B．worsened C．extended D．established 34．A．necessary B．enormous C．critical D．invisible 35．A．accelerated B．delayed C．eliminated D．strengthened 36．A．transform B．spread C．preserve D．escape 37．A．extinction B．decline C．tragedy D．increase 38．A．sustaining B．abandoning C．facilitating D．endangering 39．A．sufficient B．limited C．moderate D．approximate 40．A．occasional B．common C．essential D．temporary 41．A．astonishing B．hopeless C．costly D．irreversible 42．A．world B．state C．human D．forest 43．A．concentrated B．depended C．insisted D．commented 44．A．As a result B．For example C．In fact D．What’s more 45．A．savers B．managers C．researchers D．advocates 【答案】31．B 32．A 33．B 34．C 35．A 36．B 37．B 38．D 39．A 40．B 41．C 42．B 43．A 44．C 45．B 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要陈述了气候变化使美国大部分地区的野火和干旱加剧，这使得森林的生长变得越来越困难，甚至危及到一些物种，同时也给政府带来了经济压力。但是专家指出人们也做一些事情来缓解这种情况。 31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你喜欢在美国的森林里散步，或者喜欢在圣诞节装饰一棵圣诞树，那么你应该知道气候变化正在让这两项活动变得更加困难。A. convenient便利的；B. difficult困难的；C. encouraging令人鼓舞的；D. frustrating令人沮丧的。根据下文的climate change make new growth difficult可知此处用“困难的”符合语境，difficult是原词复现，故选B项。 32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：科学家对在生态和经济上都很重要的两个物种的研究——花旗松和黄松，发现因为气候变化而加剧的火灾和干旱让新的生长很困难。A. ecologically生态上地；B. apparently明显地；C. physically身体地；D. financially经济上地。结合常识可知，这两种树具有生态和经济价值，故选A项。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. destroyed破坏；B. worsened使……加剧；C. extended延伸；D. established建立。根据by climate change make new growth difficult, especially in low-elevation forests可知，此处是指气候变化使火灾和干旱更严重了，故选B项。 34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该研究说，对这四个地区——加州，科罗拉多州，落基山以北和美国的西南部的一些森林来说他们已经错过了火灾后树木产生的关键气候临界点。A. necessary    必要的；B. enormous巨大的；C. critical关键的；D. invisible可见的。结合climate tipping(转折)point for post-fire tree generation可知，此处是指一些森林已经错过了灾后恢复的关键时刻，故选C项。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去20年，气候情况已经加速了变化，这些变化本要花几十年，甚至几个世纪才会遍及这个国家的广大地区。A. accelerated加速；B. delayed推迟；C. eliminated排除；D. strengthened加强。根据下文的This is leading to the sudden 　　7　　 of trees and making these lands increasingly unsuitable for tree regeneration.可知气候情况加速了变化，故选A项。 36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. transform改变；B. spread传播，遍及；C. preserve    保护；D. escape逃避。根据上下文可知，此处是指气候变化导致森林生长速度缓慢的情况提前遍及美国大部分地区，故选B项。 37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这导致了树木的突然减少，使得这些土地越来越不适应树的再生。A. extinction灭绝；B. decline减少；C. tragedy    悲剧；D. increase增加。根据上文的climate change make new growth difficult可知树木会减少，故选B项。 38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：目前，气候变化正在危及我们的森林，而不仅仅是一些遥远的森林。A. sustaining维持；B. abandoning遗弃；C. facilitating促进；D. endangering危及。根据下文的but it is becoming really hard to get these trees back due to climate change可知，气候变化正危及森林，故选D项。 39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：或许在一些真的有充足种子来源的地方，可能会有一些树，但由于气候变化，要想让这些树像过去那样真的很困难。A. sufficient充足的；B. limited有限的；C. moderate温和的；D. approximate大约的。即使种子充足的地方，树木也不会像以前那样种类繁多了，故选A项。 40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个问题可能不会变好，因为气候变化正在使猛烈的野火变得更加常见。A. occasional临时的；B. common常见的；C. essential基本的；D. temporary暂时的。根据下文have become a reality all year long可知，此处是指气候变化让猛烈的大火发生地更频繁，即更常见，故选B项。 41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但破坏性极大和代价极大的火灾终年都在 发生已经成为一个事实。A. astonishing令人震惊的；B. hopeless没有希望的；C. costly代价高的；D. irreversible无法复原的。根据下文的In 2018, fire cost California more than $9.05 billion可知此处用“代价高的”符合语境，cost和costly是同根词，故选C项。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：据美国保险委员说，在2018年，火灾花费了加州超过90亿美元，是该州历史上最致命的以及破坏性最大的野火季。A. world世界；B. state州，国家；C. human人类；D. forest森林。根据California可知这是美国的一个州，故选B项。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该研究聚焦在西部森林最干燥、最热的地区，但研究人员接下来将会关注有多少会受到影响。A. concentrated集中；B. depended依靠；C. insisted坚持；D. commented评论。根据下文的focus on how much will be impacted可知此处用“关注”符合语境，concentrate on 和focus on是同义词复现，故选A项。 44．考查副词短语辨析。句意：事实上，人们可以作一些事情来缓解这个问题。A. As a result因此；B. For example例如；C. In fact事实上；D. What's more此外。根据上下文可知，此处是指实际上人们可以做一些事情来缓解气候变化给森林带来的影响，故选C项。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：森林管理者也可以在火灾后重新种植树木，至少在气候条件允许的地区是这样。A. savers    B. managers管理员；C. researchers研究院；D. advocates倡导者。根据上文的forest managers可知此处用“管理员”符合语境，manager是原词复现，故选B项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 完形填空 主题01 人与社会——人际互动与教育理念 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·安徽·期中） I was given some grape shoots by a friend the other day. So, I went to 1 some garden soil. After putting two bags into my shopping cart (手推车), I 2 the checkout. There were several people in line, and others were still shopping. As I joined the line, I 3 I had stood in front of an elderly couple by mistake — Bob and Nancy — who had some flowers in their cart. Immediately backing out, I made a(n) 4 . The couple said, “We aren’t 5 and go ahead.” Then we started talking about their 6 , which Nancy planned to plant in pots in her backyard. 7 , Nancy stopped and said, “Oh no! I forgot the potting soil.” Bob 8 their cart and told her, “There’s no 9 left in the cart. Plus, I can’t carry that bag back here!” They discussed it again and again, and I could tell the elderly man wasn’t able to 10 it. I said to Nancy, “I have room in my cart. Why not use my cart to bring the potting soil back?” A look of 11 spread across Nancy’s face. We quickly got the soil and returned to the checkout. Bob had 12 the flowers to make room for it. When the cashier (收银员) checked me out, she asked if I 13 anything else. I said I had got everything I wanted. However, what she said next 14 me, “I noticed your kindness to that couple. I’ve given you 10% off on your entire order.” I left the store with a warm heart. This experience has taught me that kindness can be catching and what we give to others often returns to us in 15 ways. 1．A．study B．share C．get D．compare 2．A．returned to B．headed for C．took over D．passed by 3．A．guessed B．remembered C．ignored D．realized 4．A．apology B．promise C．attempt D．contribution 5．A．regretful B．hurried C．familiar D．stressed 6．A．flowers B．trees C．fruits D．vegetables 7．A．Immediately B．Normally C．Unfortunately D．Suddenly 8．A．checked B．fixed C．approached D．decorated 9．A．plant B．space C．money D．tool 10．A．recognize B．understand C．manage D．explain 11．A．appreciation B．curiosity C．pride D．determination 12．A．thrown B．grown C．recovered D．rearranged 13．A．forgot B．enjoyed C．required D．noticed 14．A．calmed B．rescued C．tested D．surprised 15．A．unavoidable B．unexpected C．unwanted D．unaffordable Passage 2 （24-25高二上·四川广元·期中） “Good Night Lights” began as a game by Steve Brosnihan, a volunteer at Hasbro Children’s Hospital. He moves from room to room chatting to 16 the sick children up. During one 17 to a teenager who would be in the hospital for the last night, he decided to do something 18 for their final farewell. As he left, Brosnihan told the teenager to watch the corner near the bus stop from his window. Brosnihan 19 to that spot in a parking area, and shone his bike light up toward the hospital. To his surprise, the teen shone his own room lights back 20 . Brosnihan made it a(an) 21 to shine his bike light to kids as he left for the night as a fun way to say goodbye. When he mentioned this activity to a friend, the owner of a 22 restaurant, the friend agreed to shine the restaurant’s lights at 8:30 every night for one 23 . The nightly tradition became such a 24 that customers started joining in too. Good Night Lights has been such a simple yet 25 event for the community to support young patients. For 60 seconds, patients were 26 in a luminous (发光的) dialogue with residents. “It would be very hard not to do this 27 you start,” says Brosnihan. “You do it to represent how much you care for kids and families who 28 a lot during their hard times in hospital.” Brosnihan hopes it 29 more. “In my grander dreams, I hope other cities 30 the idea and create their own version of Good Night Lights,” he says. 16．A．put B．cheer C．turn D．bring 17．A．experience B．show C．visit D．journey 18．A．strange B．exciting C．similar D．different 19．A．walked B．ran C．drove D．biked 20．A．in return B．in response C．in order D．in place 21．A．goal B．activity C．routine D．interest 22．A．generous B．local C．native D．distant 23．A．second B．minute C．moment D．hour 24．A．topic B．wonder C．start D．hit 25．A．odd B．informal C．powerful D．irresponsible 26．A．involved B．crowded C．given D．participated 27．A．once B．whether C．while D．as 28．A．waste B．enjoy C．suffer D．spend 29．A．gains B．improves C．explores D．spreads 30．A．give up B．set up C．build up D．pick up Passage 3 （24-25高二上·广东佛山·期中） We often go out to eat on weekends, especially on my husband’s birthday. He 31 loves a certain Greek restaurant that’s been around for ages. The restaurant is very kind and we always leave servants a considerable 32 . This year, I decided to do something 33 and tried the new Italian restaurant a few doors down from the Greek one. 34 , upon our arrival at the restaurant, we were 35 that there were no seats for us. My husband went straight out of the front door and I 36 him out to the Greek restaurant down the road. There are no seats 37 either. Just then the 38 of the restaurant showed us to a big 39 in the window. My husband and he were talking like the best of 40 with all the shoulder-clapping. “They’ve reserved a place for us here,” he said with 41 , and we had a good meal. What 42 and surprised us most is that the restaurant 43 us with a free birthday cake. We talked about this and my husband said that 44 the restaurant knew that day was his birthday from our membership card and we would probably be in that night, and they 45 us well because we were good customers, which stressed the value of loyalty and familiarity. 31．A．happily B．especially C．usually D．only 32．A．gift B．support C．tip D．suggestion 33．A．strange B．different C．simple D．tough 34．A．Anyway B．Moreover C．Therefore D．However 35．A．told B．expressed C．ordered D．warned 36．A．marched B．ignored C．refused D．followed 37．A．helpful B．attractive C．familiar D．available 38．A．seller B．neighbor C．robot D．owner 39．A．shelf B．container C．table D．fridge 40．A．children B．relatives C．friends D．colleagues 41．A．honor B．chance C．wonder D．pride 42．A．encouraged B．touched C．bothered D．interested 43．A．presented B．thanked C．exchanged D．confused 44．A．clearly B．confidently C．finally D．timely 45．A．favored B．protected C．treated D．examined 主题02 人与自我——自我认知与心理发展 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·辽宁·期中） That was my first time to take part in a marathon race. The morning sun warmed my back as I stood at the 1 line. My hands shook, holding 2 a paper with my race number — 124. “Just finish,” Coach had said. “The medal isn’t 3 .” The first 5 miles flew by. 4 from the crowd pushed me forward. But at Mile 8, my left leg began to hurt. “Keep going!” I 5 , limping (瘸着走) forward. By Mile 13, it began to rain, and my shirt 6 to my skin. A runner beside me slowed. “Need company?” he asked. I nodded, and we ran on with 7 footsteps together. At Mile 18, my friend dropped back. Alone again, I stared at the 8 road ahead. The winner had finished hours ago. “Why 9 myself?” I said quietly to myself. Just then I saw Mom 10 a pink umbrella at the 20-mile mark. She looked tired, but she held up a sign: “PROUD OF YOU!” 11 , my legs felt lighter. The last mile was a blur. With my shoes filled with rainwater, every 12 made my legs especially painful. But when I saw the finish line, I tried to. A volunteer 13 me a medal. “For finishing,” she said. I collapsed (瘫倒) onto the grass, laughing through 14 . Mom hugged me. “You made it!” she said. That night, I placed the medal on my desk. Next to it, I wrote Coach’s words: “ 15 is finishing what you start.” 1．A．imaginary B．center C．starting D．boundary 2．A．sincerely B．loosely C．literally D．firmly 3．A．everything B．anything C．something D．nothing 4．A．Conversations B．Congratulations C．Cheers D．Noises 5．A．sighed B．whispered C．declared D．signed 6．A．applied B．stuck C．adapted D．led 7．A．heavy B．rapid C．light D．natural 8．A．winding B．direct C．empty D．rough 9．A．puzzle B．remind C．judge D．trouble 10．A．waving B．folding C．opening D．hanging 11．A．Finally B．Suddenly C．Gradually D．Usually 12．A．turn B．jump C．step D．look 13．A．sent B．lent C．recommended D．handed 14．A．tears B．complaints C．words D．surprises 15．A．Beating B．Winning C．Receiving D．Defending Passage 2 （24-25高二上·河北石家庄·期中） While boarding the plane, I felt an excitement rise in me. I was about to realize a dream — traveling abroad alone for the first time. And I had the 16 to go! It was a mixture of pride, recognition and admiration for myself. Landing at the San Francisco airport, I realized: I’ll have to 17 myself in this totally strange city. But I’m not afraid. I’m going to take advantage of every 18 . The question that 19 me most before departure was: Am I really going to be alone? 20 , this first trip alone also was the first trip during which I 21 many people: travelers of all ages, all styles and all origins. Therefore, I have 22 been alone. I’m not saying that I never felt alone or afraid. Surely, there were times when I imagined how 23 it would have been with my family, especially when I got lost while trying to find my hotel, and when I travelled on a night bus next to a man who kept talking to me, so 24 that I could hardly sleep. This trip gave me enormous 25 and all the doubts and fears before the departure had 26 . Throughout my 27 there, I only felt a huge positive energy! It was a very well-planned trip but it was still the most 28 journey I ever had! However hard we try to 29 the trip, there will always be surprises and accidents. Now I do 30 what a “rich and unforgettable experience” is. 16．A．urge B．freedom C．excuse D．priority 17．A．look for B．trust in C．rely on D．reflect upon 18．A．message B．flight C．platform D．moment 19．A．interested B．bothered C．threatened D．comforted 20．A．Initially B．Absolutely C．Strangely D．Hopefully 21．A．assisted B．amused C．guided D．encountered 22．A．rarely B．finally C．apparently D．basically 23．A．awkward B．stressful C．different D．complex 24．A．annoying B．appealing C．frightening D．inspiring 25．A．energy B．enjoyment C．warmth D．honor 26．A．emerged B．deepened C．remained D．disappeared 27．A．service B．stay C．wait D．research 28．A．unnecessary B．unavoidable C．uneventful D．unexpected 29．A．plan B．extend C．adjust D．support 30．A．suspect B．understand C．remember D．deny Passage 3 （24-25高二上·甘肃临夏·期中） Sidney Poitier was born to a Bahamian farmer’s family. He was 31 up by his parents on Cat Island, where he helped with the farm. He moved to Miami at age 15. In those early years on Cat Island, Poitier saw his first motion picture. When he 32 to the States, he was 33 to become an actor, so he continued moving on to New York City. While working as a (n) 34 , young Poitier auditioned (试演) for a role in a local theater. It didn’t go well. Having little education, Sidney Poitier 35 to read his lines. This failure 36 him, so he went back to continue working as a dishwasher. But he never gave up his dream. Then an elderly Jewish waiter took a liking to 37 Poitier and began reading with him every night. They studied the newspaper and worked on wording to improve Poitier’s 38 . The time he had spent with his Jewish teacher had helped him read more 39 and given him the confidence to keep trying. It also 40 to him that he could learn anything he put his mind to. Poitier dedicated several months to 41 his Bahamian accent, delivering lines with the right tone, and learning the 42 of connecting with audiences in an emotional way. And then the 43 happened. Poitier was 44 for his powerful performances on the stage and cast alongside Tony Curtis in the film “The Defiant Ones”, which 45 two Academy Awards. 31．A．cheered B．raised C．caught D．brought 32．A．moved B．referred C．adapted D．escaped 33．A．supposed B．delighted C．determined D．permitted 34．A．waiter B．dishwasher C．actor D．farmer 35．A．struggled B．managed C．waited D．appeared 36．A．annoyed B．scared C．discouraged D．astonished 37．A．humble B．adorable C．rigid D．ambitious 38．A．schedule B．speech C．program D．understanding 39．A．frequently B．formally C．casually D．fluently 40．A．proved B．recommended C．announced D．promised 41．A．taking down B．learning from C．smoothing out D．insisting on 42．A．lesson B．fact C．concept D．craft 43．A．accident B．breakthrough C．update D．emergency 44．A．blamed B．charged C．noticed D．honored 45．A．found B．launched C．completed D．won 主题03 人与自然——自然环境与人类生活 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·上海黄浦·期中） The continuous presentation of frightening stories about global warming in the popular media makes us unnecessarily frightened. Even worse, it 1 our kids. Al Gore famously 2 how a sea-level rise of 20 feet would almost completely flood Florida, New York, Holland, and Shanghai, even though the United Nations says that such a thing will not even happen, 3 that sea levels will rise 20 times less than that. When 4 with these exaggerations (夸大), some of us say that they are for a good cause, and surely there is no harm done if the result is that we focus even more on handling climate change. This 5 is astonishingly wrong. Such exaggerations do plenty of harm. Worrying excessively about global warming means that we worry less about other things, where we could do so much more good. We focus, 6 , on global warming’s impact on Datong malaria (疟疾) — which will put slightly more people at 7 in 100 years — instead of dealing with the half a billion people 8 from malaria today with prevention and treatment policies that are much cheaper and dramatically more effective than carbon reduction would be. Exaggeration also wears out the public’s 9 to cope with global warming. If the planet is certain to be destroyed owing to global warming, people wonder, why do anything? A record 54% of American voters now believe the news media make global warming appear worse than it really is. A majority of people now believe — 10 — that global warming is not even caused by humans. But the 11 cost of exaggeration, I believe, is the unnecessary alarm that it causes — particularly among children. An article in The Washington Post cited nine-year-old Alyssa, who cries about the possibility of mass animal 12 from global warming. The newspaper also reported that parents are 13 effective outlets for their eight-year-olds’ concern with dying polar bears. They might be better off educating them and letting them know that, 14 to common belief, the global polar bear population has doubled over the past half- century, to about 22,000. Despite the possible 15 of summer Arctic ice, polar bears will not become extinct. 1．A．exhausts B．depresses C．terrifies D．exploits 2．A．dismissed B．demonstrated C．deposited D．described 3．A．denying B．justifying C．estimating D．advocating 4．A．faced B．identified C．equipped D．entitled 5．A．announcement B．argument C．interaction D．dialogue 6．A．for example B．in addition C．by contrast D．in short 7．A．peace B．leisure C．ease D．risk 8．A．suffering B．evolving C．developing D．prohibiting 9．A．ability B．preference C．willingness D．likelihood 10．A．enthusiastically B．incorrectly C．considerately D．reasonably 11．A．smallest B．worst C．fewest D．least 12．A．separation B．reservation C．isolation D．extinction 13．A．turning out B．taking over C．searching for D．pulling through 14．A．sensitive B．contrary C．related D．accustomed 15．A．disappearance B．transformation C．existence D．mobilization Passage 2 （24-25高二上·湖南·期中） Last week, I went to meet Dr Dean Nicolle, who has planted about 10,000 eucalypt (桉树) trees and mallees (桉树灌丛) since 1993. 16 Dean, we now have the Currency Creek Arboretum (金钱溪植物园), bringing Australia’s eucalypt species together for 17 . When I visited, I was 18 by the dry, brown landscape. South Australia is facing its 19 drought in 40 years, and Dean is studying how drought affects the trees. About a third of his trees have died or are 20 . Even though I work in climate media and often read bad news, seeing the dried, brown trees with cracked bark (皲裂的树皮) 21 much worse. Deep inside, I feel a 22 : If the trees cannot survive, neither can we. Eucalypts are strong 23 . They have lived through ice ages, bushfires, and other changes over millions of years. But today, with more heatwaves, droughts and land clearing caused by humans, even eucalypts are 24 . The International Union for Conservation of Nature says 25 percent of eucalypt species are now at risk of 25 . At lunch after my visit, Dean and I talked about 26 sadness over losing trees and nature. Dean tries to focus on his research and I find that sometimes swearing (说脏话) 27 helps. Still, the real 28 is doing more to protect trees and 29 in research. As I drove back to Sydney, looking at the bag of gumnuts (桉树果) Dean gave me, they seemed like little 30 . I hope more people will learn to love eucalypts so we can protect them for the future. 16．A．Prior to B．Instead of C．Thanks to D．Contrary to 17．A．research B．recreation C．commerce D．exhibition 18．A．confused B．convinced C．amused D．shocked 19．A．seasonal B．regional C．mildest D．worst 20．A．suffering B．ceasing C．swinging D．recovering 21．A．sounds B．feels C．looks D．smells 22．A．tendency B．preference C．warning D．promise 23．A．survivors B．creators C．predictors D．operators 24．A．adapting B．struggling C．expanding D．growing 25．A．extinction B．injury C．failure D．conflict 26．A．weighing up B．tearing down C．coping with D．bringing up 27．A．legally B．randomly C．hardly D．literally 28．A．problem B．mystery C．solution D．challenge 29．A．believe B．invest C．consist D．specialize 30．A．burdens B．treasures C．obstacles D．labels Passage 3 （24-25高二上·安徽安庆·期中） In one of the largest hospitals in India’s capital, Delhi, a physician says he has never seen anything like this before. “This is an 31 heatwave. In my 13 years of working here, I don’t remember signing a death 32 for heat stroke. This year, I’ve signed several,” says Ajay Chauhan of the Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital (RMLH). Delhi has been 33 under a continued heatwave, with daily temperatures crossing 40℃ since May, peaking at nearly 50℃. Humidity and hot winds 34 the heat, combined by water shortages and insufficient power supply due to rising 35 . A heat stroke, the most severe heat illness, is 36 by three key signs: 37 to high heat and humidity, a core body temperature of 40.5℃ or higher, and 38 changes like mild confusion or reduced consciousness. At the RMLH clinic, 39 the first of its kind in India, the effort to save heat stroke patients highlights the 40 caused by rapid climate and health emergencies. All over India, people are falling sick due to the heat. A new nationwide survey offers some 41 insights into how heatwaves hurt people and 42 productivity. It showed that 45% of the households contact-ted reported at least one member getting 43 from the heat last month. Some three-fourths of India’s workers work in heat-exposed 44 like construction and mining. This becomes worse during heatwaves as there are fewer safe and 45 work hours during the day. 31．A．immeasurable B．unreliable C．unavoidable D．incomparable 32．A．threat B．toll C．certificate D．rate 33．A．damaging B．suffering C．shaking D．stretching 34．A．worsen B．change C．remove D．destroy 35．A．demand B．anxiety C．enthusiasm D．temperature 36．A．cured B．examined C．identified D．analyzed 37．A．devotion B．exposure C．attraction D．addition 38．A．mental B．physical C．cultural D．medical 39．A．slightly B．casually C．occasionally D．possibly 40．A．experiences B．potentials C．challenges D．adventures 41．A．familiar B．astonishing C．inspiring D．stimulating 42．A．weaken B．boost C．maintain D．evaluate 43．A．panic B．upset C．sick D．lonely 44．A．clinics B．jobs C．institutes D．offices 45．A．accurate B．official C．extra D．productive 主题01 人与社会——人际关系与情感联结 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·河北沧州·期中） As an athlete, my goal has always been to bring glory to my country. But in 2021, I made 1 for an unexpected reason: I sold my most cherished medal. In a major sports event, I was lucky to 2 the silver medal, marking a huge achievement in my career. However, I heard about an 8-month-old baby, Ethan, who was facing health 3 then. He was in desperate need of a 4 . It would cost his family around $200,000 to make it 5 . His parents tried their best to get the fee. They had already 6 half of the money when I heard the story. I 7 to help them get the other half by auctioning off (拍卖掉) my precious silver medal. A company won the auction for $125,000. In the end, 8 , they insisted that I keep my medal. They thought that it was so 9 that I would even offer to help a stranger by auctioning off my own precious thing. “Your medal 10 struggle, faith and the pursuit of dreams despite the many 11 ,” they wrote in the blog. “We hope it can 12 you of the hard work we did together to help that little baby.” Although Ethan still passed away the very next year after the heart operation, there’s no 13 that the act of love still made a lasting 14 on that family’s lives. Plus, it 15 as a reminder that caring for others is far more valuable than caring for prized things. 1．A．headlines B．articles C．messages D．stories 2．A．imagine B．catch C．reject D．claim 3．A．plans B．opinions C．struggles D．decisions 4．A．passing mark B．green light C．hot spot D．heart operation 5．A．effective B．joyful C．possible D．reasonable 6．A．spent B．raised C．wasted D．saved 7．A．forgot B．decided C．learned D．pretended 8．A．however B．therefore C．moreover D．otherwise 9．A．illegal B．worthwhile C．impressive D．unnecessary 10．A．represents B．monitors C．desires D．attracts 11．A．excuses B．challenges C．rules D．chances 12．A．clear B．cure C．remind D．warn 13．A．doubt B．point C．question D．wonder 14．A．choice B．impact C．mistake D．promise 15．A．stands B．treats C．knows D．serves Passage 2 （24-25高二上·山西临汾·期中） Aaron often thinks about his parents, especially the days when the family was full of joy. Those memories, though bittersweet, remind him why he’s dedicated to supporting Lifeline. Mum was always 16 active person. She loved playing tennis on the court behind our house and would 17 me to play too, even when I was little. “Practice makes perfect,” she’d say, 18 she handed me the racket. Dad would sit nearby, cheering us on. Those were happy times. But in 1977, everything changed. Dad passed 19 suddenly from a heart attack. Mum was never the same after that. She stopped playing tennis and rarely went out. I tried to talk to her, but she’d just smile 20 and say, “I’m fine.” Deep down, I knew she was hurting. Two years later, Mum tried to end her life. I was living with her then, and I found her just in time. The ambulance came 21 , and she survived. We thought things would get better, but in 1982, it happened again. This time, I wasn’t there. I felt guilty for years. It took me a long time to 22 that it wasn’t my fault. But I kept thinking: if Mum had someone like Lifeline to talk to, maybe she’d still be here. That’s 23 I started donating to Lifeline. Now, I want to do more. I’ve decided to leave a gift in my Will to Lifeline. It’s a way to make sure 24 people get the help Mum never did. If you’re thinking about doing the same, don’t hesitate. 25 a difference isn’t hard — sometimes it just takes one small step. Lifeline is there for people when they need it most. With support, no one has to face their struggles 26 . That’s why this cause matters. It’s about giving people hope, and hope is something 27 can ever take away. Aaron hopes his story will encourage others to 28 . “You don’t have to be rich,” he says. “Even a little help can go a long way. Lifeline saved so many lives, and I want to make sure it will 29 saving more.” For him, it’s a way to honor his mum — and to turn his pain 30 something good. 16．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 17．A．teach B．refuse C．reject D．allow 18．A．if B．though C．as D．unless 19．A．away B．out C．through D．over 20．A．secretly B．brightly C．angrily D．sadly 21．A．slowly B．quickly C．lately D．quietly 22．A．refuse B．forget C．realize D．imagine 23．A．how B．why C．when D．where 24．A．few B．much C．little D．many 25．A．Taking B．Making C．Having D．Leaving 26．A．alone B．lonely C．aloud D．along 27．A．somebody B．anybody C．nobody D．everybody 28．A．join B．wait C．rest D．leave 29．A．go B．kill C．keep D．spend 30．A．up B．over C．off D．into Passage 3 （24-25高二上·黑龙江大庆·期中） Lauren and Andrew Gruel, owners of a seafood restaurant, are used to thinking local. 31 , they serve fresh seafood from nearby fishers, but this week, their restaurant has become a wildfire 32 center. Big wildfires in Los Angeles have destroyed thousands of homes and 33 . The Gruels, heartbroken by the disaster, decided to help. They put the 34 out on social media that they would 35 donations for their neighbors up north. A stream of volunteers has shown up to the restaurant 36 to help. Some come armed with supplies; others are 37 with their trucks to transport the 38 to LA． Some of the biggest 39 right now for the hundreds of displaced Angelenos, many of whom have lost most of their belongings in the disaster, are socks, underwear and baby formula. But Lauren also thought about children who had lost everything. “Toys and coloring books would be 40 ,” she said. 41 collecting donations, the restaurant is offering free meals to wildfire 42 . “If you need to stay here, 43 a bite to eat, or figure out your next step, you’re more than 44 to just hang out here for a few while,” said Andrew. Volunteers like Alex Ordorica, a local resident, helped transport supplies. After his second trip to the center, he said, “Every box 45 isn’t just supplies — it’s a reminder that nobody’s alone in this.” 31．A．Globally B．Fortunately C．Normally D．Surprisingly 32．A．prevention B．rescue C．information D．research 33．A．jobs B．luggage C．lives D．responsibility 34．A．menu B．event C．word D．picture 35．A．earn B．house C．increase D．cancel 36．A．ready B．unable C．curious D．hesitant 37．A．calling up B．taking off C．trying out D．stopping by 38．A．medicine B．care C．aid D．arms 39．A．tools B．needs C．interests D．worries 40．A．useless B．great C．expensive D．educational 41．A．Instead of B．Due to C．In spite of D．In addition to 42．A．victims B．neighbors C．criminals D．customers 43．A．grab B．demand C．offer D．buy 44．A．grateful B．safe C．happy D．welcome 45．A．delivered B．stored C．ordered D．lost 主题02 人与自我——个人成长与人生价值 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·湖南长沙·期中） I am sometimes asked about how I deal with my disability, I compare it to a hair colour: I 1 it: sometimes it’s okay, but sometimes it’s very 2 . Actually, I haven’t always been relaxed about my disability. When I was younger, I found it hard to 3 help and felt uncomfortable if the conversation suddenly turned to disabilities, 4 , and things like that. I still remember exactly how the thought of a 5 pushing my wheelchair filled me with much 6 . I found it unpleasant travelling on public transport. I didn’t want to be the one that made the bus driver have to 7 and fold out the ramp (活动梯) and then put it back again, especially when impatient 8 would give me angry looks. Today, I have a different 9 . We all need help sometime in certain places and I just need a ramp in these 10 . Even in a city full of complainers like Berlin, there are also plenty of helpful people. If I 11 ask for help, I always find a helping hand. I now know that I can be independent, even though I am offered 12 at times. It works best when I just 13 clearly whether I need help or not. Therefore, I am the one who is acting independently. However, with very 14 guys, I replied, “It’s just brittle (脆弱的) bones.” This satisfies their thirst for knowledge and I’m left 15 . 1．A．hate B．ignore C．like D．have 2．A．annoying B．misleading C．shocking D．confusing 3．A．offer B．accept C．refuse D．understand 4．A．heights B．shoes C．sticks D．weights 5．A．policeman B．driver C．friend D．relative 6．A．joy B．appreciation C．tension D．regret 7．A．get up B．straighten up C．lie down D．settle down 8．A．tourists B．teenagers C．cyclists D．passengers 9．A．identity B．angle C．desire D．strength 10．A．rooms B．groups C．years D．cases 11．A．courageously B．hesitantly C．occasionally D．wisely 12．A．support B．comfort C．treatments D．donations 13．A．write B．observe C．declare D．assume 14．A．mean B．earnest C．familiar D．curious 15．A．delighted B．relaxed C．anxious D．confident Passage 2 （24-25高二上·辽宁·期中）Since the beginning of my PhD．, my life had been packed with activities. Besides working full time on my own research, I 16 my colleagues’ experiments by helping with tasks like data analysis. I attended every course that I could, believing my ability to 17 a tight schedule was a measure of my 18 . However, behind my busyness lay an undeniable truth — I was burned out. My attention was 19 — I couldn’t put my best work into all the 20 . Then after a major error in my research paper, a colleague came and 21 , “You need to raise your working approach, but more importantly, you need to 22 .” I took his advice. I purchased a separate work phone, which I would leave 23 in the evenings. I also started to set clear 24 around my work hours and became more 25 about the projects I took on. Initially, I felt I was doing something that might 26 my career. But my priorities became clearer as I took more time to 27 and reflect on my work. 28 , I realized I really liked writing the thesises and put more time and effort into them. Ultimately, this 29 made me more productive. Creating space for yourself isn’t a sign of 30 ; it’s a way to focus on what truly matters to you. 16．A．aided B．graded C．funded D．scheduled 17．A．assign B．manage C．delay D．decline 18．A．patience B．ambition C．knowledge D．competence 19．A．divided B．focused C．drawn D．directed 20．A．achievements B．categories C．tasks D．rewards 21．A．ordered B．blamed C．suggested D．investigated 22．A．slow down B．hang on C．cheer up D．fight back 23．A．uncharged B．untouched C．unpaid D．unlocked 24．A．guidelines B．boundaries C．goals D．deadlines 25．A．anxious B．curious C．confident D．selective 26．A．launch B．improve C．affect D．lengthen 27．A．conduct B．breathe C．experiment D．battle 28．A．For instance B．In addition C．By contrast D．As always 29．A．belief B．training C．purchase D．change 30．A．showing off B．breaking down C．falling behind D．fading away Passage 3 （24-25高二上·安徽合肥·期中） Our science teacher, Mr. Clark, announced a team experiment competition. I was paired with Emma, the quietest girl in class. To be honest, I felt slightly 31 because she rarely spoke in discussions. We chose a chemistry project about plant growth. Emma suggested using 32 music as a variable (变量), which surprised me. “Plants can’t hear!” I argued, but she showed me research articles. I 33 my doubts and agreed to try. The first week was 34 for me. While I rushed through measurements, Emma carefully 35 every detail in her notebook. When our first seedlings died, I wanted to 36 , but she calmly said, “Mistakes are data too.” One afternoon, I found Emma alone in the lab, 37 with different light settings. Seeing her 38 , I finally understood her strength. From then on, we 39 our skills — my speed and her exactness. On presentation day, our 40 graphs (图表) showed something amazing: plants exposed to classical music grew 15% taller! As classmates crowded around, Emma 41 explained the science. I added our 42 story, making everyone laugh. We won second prize, but the real reward was the 43 I learned: (1) Never judge someone by their 44 ; (2) The best discoveries happen when 45 minds work together. 31．A．excited B．disappointed C．amused D．proud 32．A．classical B．loud C．modern D．soft 33．A．dealt with B．put aside C．came across D．found out 34．A．dangerous B．boring C．perfect D．frustrating 35．A．listed B．listened C．recorded D．reviewed 36．A．quit B．apologize C．complain D．cheat 37．A．competing B．struggling C．fixing D．experimenting 38．A．humor B．patience C．anger D．sadness 39．A．compared B．hid C．combined D．tested 40．A．organized B．outdated C．misleading D．difficult 41．A．shyly B．confidently C．willingly D．modestly 42．A．childhood B．friendship C．failure D．adventure 43．A．lesson B．challenge C．time D．habit 44．A．height B．grades C．speed D．quietness 45．A．similar B．hard C．young D．different 主题03 人与自然——环境保护与可持续发展 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·上海长宁·期中） Farmers in southern Italy are cultivating tropical fruits like avocados and mangos. Tropical creatures such as the rabbitfish are 1 in Mediterranean nets. And the winemakers in southern France are worried that their grapes may become extinct. Fifty years ago all this would have been 2 , but since the early 1980s rising temperatures have forced some farmers to 3 grapes for some tropical fruits. Italy and France have long been proud of their cuisines. Both countries jealously 4 the rules that say  only ham made in Parma, a province in northern Italy can be called “Prosciutto di Parma”, and only fizzy wine made in Champagne can be called champagne. Roquefort, that most 5 of blue cheeses, was given special protection by the parliament of Toulouse in 1550. The fact of having been grown somewhere famous has traditionally been seen as a guarantee of 6 . But climate change could 7 that. Take polenta(意大利玉米糊), a popular Italian dish consisting almost entirely of ground corn. High temperatures and drier weather have already reduced corn yields in southern Italy. If this pattern continues and spreads 8 , will Italian polenta-makers have to order their corn from elsewhere? And what about durum wheat, which grows 9 in Mediterranean lands and is used to make pasta, flatbreads and couscous? Modelling suggests that durum yields will sharply fall there if the temperature keeps on rising. So should we worry about the future of spaghetti? Gabriele Cola, a researcher at Milan University, is   10 about the short term. “I don’t see crops at serious risk, because farming is more 11 and technologically capable, so it can always respond to changes,” he says. Increased irrigation(灌溉) can 12 the effects of drought. Scientists may also breed more resistant varieties of crops. But 13 deeper change seems likely. If temperatures continue to rise, farmers in northern  Europe may find they can grow southern staples( 主食 ); polenta may 14 northern Europe. Meanwhile, the Italian southerner may also have to 15 if tropical fruits continue to spread there. 1．A．taking over B．turning up C．getting off D．holding back 2．A．unnoticeable B．respectable C．unthinkable D．believable 3．A．switch B．cultivate C．trade D．supply 4．A．revise B．bend C．break D．guard 5．A．celebrated B．publicized C．introduced D．favored 6．A．yield B．quality C．origin D．price 7．A．revise B．activate C．upset D．achieve 8．A．backwards B．outwards C．northwards D．downwards 9．A．plentifully B．especially C．frequently D．specifically 10．A．concerned B．optimistic C．disappointed D．romantic 11．A．harvested B．qualified C．achieved D．informed 12．A．generate B．sustain C．reverse D．maintain 13．A．in this respect B．in the long run C．in an instant D．in other words 14．A．invade B．survive C．represent D．engage 15．A．adapt B．invest C．resist D．imitate Passage 2 （24-25高二上·江西南昌·期中） As our Earth’s temperature warms up because of climate change, it is having unexpected effects on our world’s forests. When temperatures rise, trees close their skins to 16 the loss of water, and this, in turn, slows down the 17 of photosynthesis(光合作用). As a result, these trees are shorter and grow slowly, as well as have a 18 death rate. Climate change also increases the 19 of droughts and wildfires. After wildfires, it takes a while for the forest systems to 20 , and in some cases, the forests are 21 permanently. Trees that are stressed are also 22 to attacks by bacteria(细菌). In tropical forests, vines that use the trees as 23 can often choke the trees and rob them of nutrients. Finally, humans have 24 the forest landscape through logging. When trees are replanted on the soil, they will never grow as large as the 25 trees that were cut down. As these forests disappear, species that once called them “home” are forced to change, 26 the variety of those systems. 27 , some endangered species are unable to 28 and die. Old-growth forests are disappearing in all regions of our world. When forests die, younger forests that are reestablished in the same area grow back weaker and smaller 29 poor vegetation. With trees dying increasingly and continuously, will future generations 30 out on the wonders of forests? 16．A．protect B．prevent C．save D．free 17．A．movement B．situation C．process D．operation 18．A．higher B．firmer C．lighter D．smaller 19．A．choice B．measure C．qualification D．chance 20．A．grow B．rescue C．recover D．decline 21．A．ignored B．lost C．hurt D．left 22．A．accessible B．enjoyable C．acceptable D．favorable 23．A．attention B．command C．trust D．support 24．A．frightened B．paid C．ruined D．wasted 25．A．common B．original C．distant D．strong 26．A．affecting B．improving C．forgetting D．reflecting 27．A．Besides B．Surprisingly C．Otherwise D．Unfortunately 28．A．devote B．keep C．adapt D．lead 29．A．due to B．in addition to C．instead of D．in spite of 30．A．pass B．miss C．break D．bring Passage 3 （24-25高二上·上海金山·期中） If you like to take a walk in the woods in the United States or you prefer to decorate a tree at Christmas, you should know that climate change is making both of those activities a lot more 31 . Looking at two 32 and economically important species - the Douglas fir and the Ponderosa pine -scientists found that fires and drought 33 by climate change make new growth difficult, especially in low-elevation forests, according to a study published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Some forests in four regions in California, Colorado, the Northern Rockies and the southwestern part of the United States have crossed ''a(n) 34 climate tipping(转折)point for post-fire tree generation, '' the study says. Climate conditions over the past 20 years have 35 changes that would have taken decades or even centuries to 36 across broad regions of the country. This is leading to the sudden 37 of trees and making these lands increasingly unsuitable for tree regeneration. ''Climate changes is 38 our forests now, not just in some distant future. Maybe in areas where there are really 39 seed sources, there could be some trees, but it is becoming really hard to get these trees back due to climate change, '' said study co-author Kim Davis. The problem probably won't get any better, as climate change is making intense wildfires much more 40 . Western foresters say there used to be a fire season. But devastating and 41 fires have become a reality all year long. In 2018, fire cost California more than $9.05 billion, according to the USA insurance commissioner, the deadliest and most destructive wildfires season in the 42 history. A higher number of fires and low seed availability means a high probability that these trees in these regions won't come back, Davis said. This study 43 on the driest and hottest areas of the Western forests, but researchers will next try to focus on how much will be impacted. 44 , there are some things people can do to ease some of this problem. Forest management plans that reduce high-severity burns can help. Increasingly, forest managers are considering allowing some fires to burn under more moderate conditions, Davis said, Forest 45 can also replant trees after fire, at least in the areas where climate conditions will allow. 31．A．convenient B．difficult C．encouraging D．frustrating 32．A．ecologically B．apparently C．physically D．financially 33．A．destroyed B．worsened C．extended D．established 34．A．necessary B．enormous C．critical D．invisible 35．A．accelerated B．delayed C．eliminated D．strengthened 36．A．transform B．spread C．preserve D．escape 37．A．extinction B．decline C．tragedy D．increase 38．A．sustaining B．abandoning C．facilitating D．endangering 39．A．sufficient B．limited C．moderate D．approximate 40．A．occasional B．common C．essential D．temporary 41．A．astonishing B．hopeless C．costly D．irreversible 42．A．world B．state C．human D．forest 43．A．concentrated B．depended C．insisted D．commented 44．A．As a result B．For example C．In fact D．What’s more 45．A．savers B．managers C．researchers D．advocates / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $