Unit 2 Wildlife Protection 现在进行时的被动语态（单元核心语法精练）英语人教版2019必修第二册

Unit 2 Wildlife Protection 核心语法精练（现在进行时的被动语态） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单句语法填空 4 二、完成句子 9 三、选词填空 9 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 11 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 14 一、核心结构 现在进行时被动语态的结构由三部分组成： am / is / are + being + 过去分词 (P.P.) am / is / are： 根据主语的人称和数发生变化，体现“现在”这个时间概念。 being： 固定不变，它是be动词的现在分词形式，是进行时的标志。 过去分词： 体现“被动”的语态，也是动作的承受者。 二、句型变换 我们以动词 repair（修理）为例，其过去分词是 repaired。 句型 结构 例句 中文意思 肯定句 主语 + am/is/are + being + P.P. The car is being repaired. 汽车正在被修理。 否定句 主语 + am/is/are + not + being + P.P. The car is not (isn't) being repaired. 汽车没有被在修理。 一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + being + P.P.? Is the car being repaired? 汽车正在被修理吗？ 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + being + P.P.? Why is the car being repaired? 为什么汽车正在被修理？ 三、用法详解 现在进行时被动语态主要用于以下三种情况： 1. 描述说话时正在发生的被动动作 强调动作在此时此刻正在进行中，并且主语是动作的承受者。 例句： Be quiet! A podcast is being recorded in the next room. （安静点！隔壁房间正在录播客。） Look! The old bridge is being destroyed. （看！那座旧桥正在被拆除。） I can't use the office now. It is being cleaned. （我现在不能用办公室。它正在被打扫。） 2. 描述当前一段时间内持续进行的被动动作 动作可能不是说话的这一秒正在发生，但在当前一段时期内（如本周、这个月）一直在进行。 例句： A new subway line is being built in the city. （城里正在修建一条新的地铁线。）（不是说此刻正在挖，而是这个项目正在进行中） The company is being restructured to improve efficiency. （公司正在进行重组以提高效率。） 3. 表达一种感情色彩（尤其是厌烦、不满） 常与频率副词always, constantly等连用。 例句： I'm always being asked to work overtime. （我总是被要求加班。）（表达抱怨） He's constantly being criticized by his boss. （他老是挨老板批评。） 一、语法填空 1．A new policy (discuss) in the meeting room at the moment. 【答案】is being discussed 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：此刻会议室里正在讨论一项新政策。此处为谓语动词，根据句中的时间状语“at the moment”可知，句子描述的是正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，主语“A new policy”与discuss之间是被动关系，因此应用现在进行时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are + being+过去分词”，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is，discuss的过去分词是discussed。故填is being discussed。 2．Look! A nice picture (draw) for our teacher. 【答案】is being drawn 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：看！一幅给我们老师的漂亮的画正在被画。设空处为谓语动词，根据“Look!”可知，此处表示动作正在进行，应用现在进行时，且picture与draw之间为被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are being done”，主语为单数名词，be动词用is。故填is being drawn。 3．Elephants and antelopes (hunt) and the population is becoming smaller and smaller. 【答案】are being hunted 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：大象和羚羊正被猎杀，它们的数量变得越来越少。根据句意及“the population is becoming smaller and smaller”可知，此处表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作，应用现在进行时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are being + 过去分词”；主语“Elephants and antelopes”为复数，be动词应用are，hunt的过去分词为hunted。故填are being hunted。 4．At present, our surroundings (pollute) faster than ever and it seems that people cannot prevent it. 【答案】are being polluted 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：目前，我们的环境被污染的速度比以往任何时候都快，而且人们似乎无法阻止其发生。时间状语At present意为“现在”，结合语境可知，此处表示污染的动作正在发生，且and前的并列分句的主语our surroundings与pollute之间是被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态。主语为复数，谓语也应用复数形式。故填are being polluted. 5．Many subway stations in the city (build) at present for better transport. 【答案】are being built 【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：城市里许多地铁站目前正在建设中，以完善交通运输系统。空处作句子的谓语，结合时间状语“at present”可知，句子表示动作正在进行中，时态应用现在进行时，build“建造，建设”和主语subway stations之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词应用are。故填are being built。 6．Some interesting experiments (carry) out by the students at this moment. 【答案】are being carried 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：此刻，学生们正在进行一些有趣的实验。根据时间状语at this moment可知，此处应用现在进行时，且experiments和carry out之间为被动关系，应用现在进行时的被动语态，即谓语为be being done，主语为复数名词experiments，谓语应用复数形式，故填are being carried。 7．A new car (design) by the engineers but we don’t know when they will finish it. 【答案】is being designed 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：工程师们正在设计一辆新车，但我们不知道什么时候会完成。A new car是句子的主语，与动词design之间为被动关系，结合后文but we don’t know when they will finish it可知，此处表示动作正在进行，应用现在进行时的被动语态，主语为单数名词，谓语应用第三人称单数形式，故填is being designed。 8．Listen!The sports meeting (hold)on the playground of our school. 【答案】is being held 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：听！运动会正在我们学校的操场上举行。由 Listen 可知，此处表示此刻正在进行的动作，要用现在进行时；且sports meeting与hold 之间是被动关系，即 “运动会被举行”，所以要用现在进行时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are + being + 过去分词”，主语The sports meeting是单数，be动词用 is，hold的过去分词是held。故填is being held。 9．Everyone please keep quiet because the new song (record) in the studio at present. 【答案】is being recorded 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：大家请保持安静，因为新歌目前正在录音室录制。根据“at present”可知，句子强调现在正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时；又因“song”与“record”之间是被动关系，即“歌被录制”，所以要用现在进行时的被动语态，且主语“the new song”是单数，be动词应用is。故填is being recorded。 10．Large quantities of food, medicines and other supplies (transport) to the earthquake-stricken area at present. 【答案】 are being transported 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：目前，大量的食品、药品和其他物资正在运往地震灾区。主语Large quantities of food, medicines and other supplies和动词transport之间是被动关系，结合at present可知表示正在进行的事情，使用现在进行时的被动语态，Large quantities of后接名词时，谓语使用复数形式，故填are being transported。 11．Much progress (make) in science and technology in China. 【答案】is being made 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：中国在科技方面正在取得巨大的进步。主语progress与动词make之间是被动关系，因此使用被动语态。描述现在正在进行的动作，用现在进行时的被动语态，其构成式为be being done。主语progress为不可数名词，be动词用is，动词make的过去分词是made。故填is being made。 12．Some very interesting technologies (develop) right now. 【答案】are being developed 【详解】考查谓语动词的时态和语态。句意：一些有趣的技术正在被开发。right now表示正在进行，所以要用进行时，又因为technology和develop之间是被动关系，要用被动语态，综上，此空要填are being developed。 13．The patient (operate) on inside the room now. 【答案】is being operated 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：病人正在房间里做手术。主语patient和operate之间是被动关系，结合“now”可知表示正在发生的事情，使用现在进行时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，be动词使用is，故填is being operated。 14．These houses (paint) by the workers now. 【答案】are being painted 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这些房子现在正由工人们粉刷。paint(粉刷)是谓语动词，与主语“These houses”之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“now”可知，该动作正在进行，应该使用现在进行时的被动语态，主语是复数名词，谓语用复数形式。故填are being painted。 15．The effects of diet on fighting diseases (investigate) at present. 【答案】are being investigated 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：目前正在研究饮食对对抗疾病的作用。主语effects与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文at present可知为现在进行时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填are being investigated。 16．Every day large areas of forest (destroy) to make room for city development. 【答案】are being destroyed 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：每天都有大片的森林被破坏，为城市发展腾出空间。根据句意及英文提示可知，本句表示正在发生的事情，时态使用现在进行时，且主语large areas of forest与动词destroy“破坏”为被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态，且主语large areas of forest为复数，故be动词用are。故填are being destroyed。 17．Their cars (wash) while the Smiths were in the mall shopping. 【答案】were being washed 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：当史密斯一家在购物中心购物时，他们的汽车正在被清洗。分析句子可知，while引导时间状语从句，与主句动作的同时发生。主句是过去时，且主语the cars和动词wash之间构成动宾关系，汽车是被洗。所以是过去进行时的被动，故填were being washed。 18．Who (teach) by our English teacher at present? （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】is being taught 【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：目前我们的英语老师正在教谁？由by可知，句子用被动语态，由at present可知，句子时态用现在进行时，因此空格处是现在进行时的被动语态，即is/are being done，主语who后谓语动词用单数，故填is being taught。 19．The flowers in the garden (water) by the gardener right now. 【答案】are being watered 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：园丁正在给花园里的花浇水。主语flowers与谓语构成被动关系，根据right now可知表示当下正在进行，故用现在进行时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填are being watered。 20．My washing machine (repair) now, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. 【答案】is being repaired 【详解】句意：我的洗衣机现在正在修理，所以我不得不用手洗衣服。washing machine 与repair之间是被动关系，now表明用现在进行时，所以用现在进行时的被动语态，故填is being repaired。 二、完成句子 21．越来越多的森林正在遭到破坏，大多数竹子被砍伐。 More and more forests and most of the bamboo has . 【答案】 are being destroyed been cut down 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。根据汉语提示，表示“破坏”用destroy，此处forest与destroy之间是被动关系，且句中表述“现在正在遭到破坏”故使用现在进行时的被动语态即be being done的结构，句中more and more forests为复数，be动词用are，故用are being destroyed；同时表示“砍倒”用动词短语cut down，bamboo与cut之间是被动关系，结合空前的has可知，此处构成现在完成时的被动语态即has been done的结构，故用been cut down。故答案为are being destroyed；been cut down。 22．Wait a minute. The dish for the dinner in the kitchen. 稍等。晚餐的菜正在厨房里做着呢。 【答案】is being cooked 【详解】考查动词。此处表示“烹饪”用动词cook，与主语dish构成被动关系，表示正在发生用现在进行时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填is being cooked。 23．They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house . 他们目前正和父母住在一起，因为他们的房子正在维修。 【答案】is being repaired 【详解】考查动词语态。根据主句“They are living with their parents for the moment”以及“正在维修”可知，because引导的原因状语从句用现在进行时，陈述房子目前正在处于的状态；表示“维修”用动词repair。主语their own house与repair之间是被动关系，所以应用现在进行时的被动语态，主语their own house是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is being repaired。 24．Many interesting experiments these days. 最近很多有趣的实验正在进行。 【答案】are being carried out 【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。分析句子，experiments（实验）是动作carry out（进行；实施）的承受者，两者构成被动关系，所以要用被动语态。又因为these days（最近）表明动作正在进行，所以要用现在进行时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are + being + 过去分词。主语experiments是复数，be动词用are，carry的过去分词是carried，故填are being carried out。 25．为了解决这个问题，目前正在采取一些措施。 In order to solve the problem, some measures at this moment. 【答案】 are being taken 【详解】考查动词时态语态。表示“采取措施”应用take measures，some measures和take为被动关系，需用被动语态，结合时间状语“at this moment”可知，使用现在进行时，主语为复数名词，be动词用are。故填①are；②being；③taken。 26．据我所知，他正在印度接受治疗。 As far as I know, he is now in India. 【答案】being treated 【详解】考查时态和语态。“治疗”使用动词treat，和主语he之间是被动关系，结合now可知句子使用现在进行时的被动语态，故填being treated。 27．那个新工人最近工作进步很快，总是被他的领导们谈论。 The new worker has made rapid progress in his work recently and by his leaders. 【答案】is always being talked about 【详解】考查时态语态。分析句子可知，这里时态应用现在相关时态，表示“总是”应用be always doing，为固定形式，表示“被他的领导们谈论”应用 be talked about by his leaders。故填is always being talked about。 28．Look! The foreign guests by volunteers. 看! 志愿者正在带着外国来访者参观博物馆。 【答案】are being shown around the museum 【详解】考查动词、名词和被动语态。 表示“带某人参观博物馆”应用短语show sb around the museum，再由Look可知，这里时态应用现在进行时，而The foreign guests和show为被动关系，所以这里应用现在进行时的被动语态。故填are being shown around the museum。 29．How many modern schools ? 在这个城市有多少现代化学校正在修建？ 【答案】are being built in the city 【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“在这个城市正在被修建”，“在这个城市”是in the city，“修建”是build，主语schools和build之间是被动关系，且此处表示动作正在进行时，应用现在进行时的被动语态be being built，主语schools是复数，故填are being built in the city。 30．这些孩子现在正在被一个慷慨的商人照顾着。 These children by a generous businessman now. 【答案】 are being looked after 【详解】考查时态、语态、主谓一致和固定短语。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分，“照顾”翻译为look after；由“现在正在”可知，该句子应该用现在进行时；主语these children和look after之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态；主语these children是复数形式，所以谓语动词应该用复数形式。故填are being looked after。 三、选词填空 根据语境，用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空 on average; due to; be aware of; watch over; under pressure; remind... of; die out; make out; make progress; adapt to 31．Everyone in England spoke so fast that I couldn’t what they were saying. 32．If too many of these rare animals are killed, their kind will . 33．Students in 15 cities spent more than 1,500 yuan a month . 34．Some animals have a remarkable ability to changing environments. 35．We’re looking for polite and patient people who can work . 36．My nephew loves animals very much and the baby dogs every day. 37．After watching the videos, everyone the significance of wildlife conservation. 38．If you want to in your study, above all, you must be strict with yourself. 39．Those tomatoes had a taste that me the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. 40． a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. 【答案】 31．make out 32．die out 33．on average 34．adapt to 35．under pressure 36．watches over 37．is aware of 38．make progress 39． reminded of 40．Due to 【解析】31．考查动词短语。句意：英国的每个人说话都太快了，我听不清他们在说什么。结合句意可知，此处表示“听清、辨认出”，应使用短语make out，空前有情态动词couldn’t，所以此处应用动词原形。故填make out。 32．考查动词短语。句意：如果太多这些珍稀动物被杀死，它们的种类将会灭绝。结合句意可知，此处表示“灭绝”，应使用短语die out，will后应接其原形构成一般将来时。故填die out。 33．考查介词短语。句意：15个城市的学生每月平均花费超过1,500元。结合句意可知，此处表示“平均”，应使用短语on average作状语。故填on average。 34．考查动词短语。句意：有些动物具有非凡的适应不断变化的环境的能力。结合句意可知，此处表示“适应”，应使用短语adapt to，不定式符号to后应接动词原形，与前面的ability构成the ability to do sth.“做某事的能力”结构。故填adapt to。 35．考查介词短语。句意：我们正在寻找能在压力下工作的有礼貌且有耐心的人。结合句意可知，此处表示“在压力下”，应使用短语under pressure作状语。故填under pressure。 36．考查动词短语。句意：我的侄子非常喜欢动物，每天都照看小狗。结合句意可知，此处表示“照看、看管”，应使用短语watch over，根据时间状语every day可知，句子应用一般现在时，主语my nephew为第三人称单数，watch应用第三人称单数形式。故填watches over。 37．考查动词短语。句意：看完视频后，每个人都意识到了野生动物保护的重要性。结合句意可知，此处表示“意识到”，应使用短语be aware of，句子描述的是现在的状态，应用一般现在时，主语everyone为不定代词，视为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is aware of。 38．考查动词短语。句意：如果你想在学习上取得进步，首先，你必须严格要求自己。结合句意可知，此处表示“取得进步”，应使用短语make progress，在不定式符号to后，应用动词原形。故填make progress。 39．考查动词短语。句意：那些西红柿的味道让我想起了我小时候叔叔种的那些（西红柿）。结合句意可知，此处表示“使……想起”，应使用短语remind...of，根据语境可知，句子描述的是过去的情况，应用一般过去时，动词remind用过去式。故填①reminded；②of。 40．考查介词短语。句意：由于一场大风暴，我的航班延误了一个半小时。结合句意可知，此处表示“由于”，应使用短语due to，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Due to。 题型一 语法填空 （24-25高一下·湖南永州·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 When you think of a fearsome hunter, images of lions and sharks may spring to mind. 1 , recent research by environmental scientists shows that in fact humans are the most fearsome hunters, 2 have the greatest impact on animal populations. Human activities have brought many animals close to 3 (extinct); in the last 500 years, over 300 species of animals 4 (go) extinct. Some activities, such as hunting and fishing, directly harm animals, while other activities, such as development in towns and cities, impact indirectly on animal populations. Hunting and fishing have directly influenced the world’s animal populations. Some people hunt animals 5 food: whale meat is eaten in some parts of the world. Some people hunt animals for fashion: animal skin is used 6 (make) coats and bags. Still others hunt animals just for fun: deer 7 (track) and shot by people who enjoy the excitement of the sport. Human activities may have indirect effects on animals that can be just as harmful. When 8 (build) farms or factories, we destroy animal habitats and leave many animals with nowhere to live, or no food to eat. Partly due to pollution 9 (cause) by ship traffic and other human activities, the dolphin population has dropped 10 (great). As the human population continues to grow, so does the effect we have on animals. 【答案】 1．However 2．who 3．extinction 4．have gone 5．for 6．to make 7．are tracked 8．building 9．caused 10．greatly 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究表明人类是最可怕的捕猎者，其狩猎、城市发展等活动直接或间接影响动物种群，导致众多物种濒危或灭绝，且人类的影响还会随人口增长加剧。 1．考查副词。句意：然而，环境科学家们最近的研究表明，实际上人类才是最可怕的猎手，对动物种群的影响也最为巨大。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，且有逗号隔开，用however，首字母大写。故填However。 2．考查定语从句。句意：然而，环境科学家们最近的研究表明，实际上人类才是最可怕的猎手，对动物种群的影响也最为巨大。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词hunters，在从句作主语，指人，故填who。 3．考查名词。句意：人类的活动致使许多动物濒临灭绝；在过去的500年里，已有超过300种动物灭绝。作介词的宾语，用名词extinction，故填extinction。 4．考查时态。句意：人类的活动致使许多动物濒临灭绝；在过去的500年里，已有超过300种动物灭绝。根据上文in the last 500 years可知为现在完成时，主语为over 300 species of animals，助动词用have。故填have gone。 5．考查介词。句意：有些人捕猎动物是为了获取食物：在世界上的某些地区，人们会食用鲸鱼肉。for表示“为了”，强调目的。故填for。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：有些人捕猎动物是为了满足时尚需求：动物的皮毛被用于制作外套和手袋。短语be used to do sth.表示“被用来做某事”。故填to make。 7．考查时态语态。句意：还有一些人捕猎动物纯粹是为了寻求乐趣：那些人会追踪猎鹿的踪迹并将其射杀，他们正是为了享受这项运动带来的刺激而这么做。主语deer与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填are tracked。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：在建造农场或工厂时，我们会破坏动物的栖息地，导致许多动物无处栖身，或者没有食物可吃。此处build与we构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填building。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：部分原因是由于船舶交通以及人类其他活动所造成的污染，海豚的数量大幅减少。此处cause与pollution构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填caused。 10．考查副词。句意：部分原因是由于船舶交通以及人类其他活动所造成的污染，海豚的数量大幅减少。修饰动词drop用副词greatly。故填greatly。 （24-25高一下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley, the man who wrote the book the film Jaws was based 1 . In 1980, Benchley was diving when he came across an awful sight. It was an area where fishermen were finning, and the sea floor was covered with dead sharks. Benchley saw sharks 2 (kill) and this caused a deep change in him. He came to see people as a danger to sharks, rather than the other way 3 . From that day on, he fought to protect sharks. He admitted that his book was wrong about sharks’ behaviour. “Sharks don’t target humans,” he said. Experts have proved that sharks do not see people as food, and they attack us by 4 . Only around six people are killed by sharks every year. 5 (fortunate), not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks – some became interested in understanding them. Today, as we learn more about sharks, more people than ever want to protect them from 6 (extinct). In fact, sharks play 7 important role in the ocean ecosystem. They help keep the balance of marine life. However, due to finning and other human activities, many shark species 8 (be) now in danger. It is our responsibility to protect these amazing creatures so that they can continue to live in the ocean 9 (safe). Let’s take action to save sharks. Remember, every small step we take can make   10 big difference. 【答案】 1．on 2．being killed 3．round/around 4．mistake 5．Fortunately 6．extinction 7．an 8．are 9．safely 10．a 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要通过《大白鲨》作者Peter Benchley从恐惧鲨鱼到成为鲨鱼保护者的转变，强调鲨鱼并非人类的威胁，而是海洋生态的关键物种，同时呼吁人们正视鲨鱼面临的捕杀和灭绝危机，并采取行动保护它们。 1．考查介词。句意：捕鲨对电影《大白鲨》原著小说的作者Peter Benchley产生了意想不到的影响。be based on意为“以……为基础；基于”，固定搭配，故填on。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：Benchley目睹了鲨鱼被杀害的情景，这使他内心发生了巨大的变化。由句意空处应填非谓语动词，动词saw的宾语sharks与kill之间为被动关系且动作正在进行，应用现在分词的被动形式being killed，作宾语补足语，故填being killed。 3．考查副词。句意：他开始将人类视为对鲨鱼的威胁，而不是相反的情况。the other way round/around意为“反过来；相反地”，固定搭配。故填round/around。 4．考查固定搭配。句意：专家们已经证实，鲨鱼并不把人类视为食物，它们攻击我们只是出于误判。by mistake意为“错误地”，固定搭配。故填mistake。 5．考查副词。句意：幸运地是，并非所有观看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都会对鲨鱼感到害怕——有些观众反而对研究了解鲨鱼产生了兴趣。由句意此处应填副词形式fortunately，作状语，修饰整个句子，空处位于句首，首字母需大写，故填Fortunately。 6．考查名词。句意：如今，随着人们对鲨鱼的了解不断加深，想要保护鲨鱼免遭灭绝的人数比以往任何时候都要多。由句意及空前的more people than ever want to protect them from可知应填名词形式extinction，作介词from的宾语，故填extinction。 7．考查冠词。句意：事实上，鲨鱼在海洋生态系统中起着至关重要的作用。play an important part in意为“在……中起重要作用”，固定搭配，故填an。 8．考查主谓一致和时态。句意：然而，由于捕鲨船作业以及其他人类活动，如今许多鲨鱼物种已处于濒危状态。主语为many shark species，谓语动词应用复数形式，由时间状语now可知应用一般现在时，故填are。 9．考查副词。句意：我们有责任保护这些神奇的生物，以便它们能够继续在海洋中安全地生存下去。由句意空处应填副词形式safely，作状语，修饰动词live，故填safely。 10．考查冠词。句意：请记住，我们所迈出的每一步都可能产生重大影响。make a big difference意为“有重大影响”，固定搭配，故填a。 题型二 阅读理解 （24-25高一下·广西玉林·开学考试）For the past year, I’ve spent many hours and many Tuesdays volunteering at a wonderful zoo. I worked in the kitchen, helping to prepare food for the animals. This zoo is part of the AZA (Association of Zoos and Aquariums). Many animals here are part of a special program. The goal of this program is to protect animal species (物种) that are at risk or in danger of disappearing. The zoo has breeding plans to help these animals survive. I quickly learned that it’s easy to love all the animals. I especially liked one animal right away — the zoo’s prehensile-tailed porcupine (卷尾豪猪) named Fin. You might have seen YouTube videos of these animals eating and making cute noises. I learned that Fin really loves bananas and likes to peel them himself. One of my favorite things about Fin is his little nose, which looks like a pig’s nose. I also learned that nothing gets done without teamwork from the animal keepers. Taking care of all the zoo animals requires a lot of work. The keepers know a lot about every animal in the zoo. They work very hard, day and night, to keep the animals safe and healthy. Even in winter, the keepers stay at the zoo to make sure all the animals are happy and fed. Zoos are important. They teach visitors why we need to protect these animals and their homes. Most zoos care deeply for their animals and work very hard to keep them happy and healthy. 1．What do we know about the AZA program? A．It feeds animals with natural foods. B．It searches for uncommon animals. C．It saves species from dying out. D．It provides wild areas for animals. 2．What is one of the author’s favorite things about Fin? A．Fin’s love for bananas. B．Fin’s nose similar to a pig’s. C．Fin’s appearance in YouTube videos. D．Fin’s cute eating noises. 3．What does the author imply about zookeepers? A．They have medical backgrounds. B．They train animals for exercises. C．They become animals’ friends. D．They value animals’ emotions. 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Zoos are not animal cages. B．Zoos should be free to all. C．Zoos are not as good as nature. D．Zoos should be under control. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者志愿者经历，分享动物园在物种保护、团队协作及教育中的重要性，并表达对动物和饲养员工作的热爱。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“The goal of this program is to protect animal species (物种) that are at risk or in danger of disappearing. The zoo has breeding plans to help these animals survive.(该计划的目标是保护濒危或濒临灭绝的动物物种。动物园有繁殖计划来帮助这些动物生存)”可知，该项目的目的是管理特定物种的种群，包括濒危物种，并通过繁育计划保护它们，换句话说，AZA项目拯救物种免于灭绝。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章的第二段中的“One of my favorite things about Fin is his little nose, which looks like a pig’s nose.(我最喜欢Fin的一点是他的小鼻子，看起来像猪鼻子)”可知，作者最喜欢Fin一点是它的鼻子像猪鼻子。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“The keepers know a lot about every animal in the zoo. They work very hard, day and night, to keep the animals safe and healthy. Even in winter, the keepers stay at the zoo to make sure all the animals are happy and fed.(饲养员对动物园里的每一种动物都很了解。他们日夜努力工作，以保证动物的安全和健康。即使在冬天，饲养员也会呆在动物园里，确保所有的动物都吃得饱饱的)”可知，作者强调饲养员日夜工作确保动物健康快乐，甚至在寒冷季节留守。由此推知，他们重视动物的情感需求。故选D。 4．推理判断题。末段“Zoos are important. They teach visitors why we need to protect these animals and their homes. Most zoos care deeply for their animals and work very hard to keep them happy and healthy.(动物园很重要。它们教导游客为什么我们需要保护这些动物和它们的家园。大多数动物园都非常关心他们的动物，努力工作以保持它们的快乐和健康)”指出动物园的教育意义和保护作用，旨在强调它们并非囚禁动物的地方，而是保护与教育的场所。故选A。 （24-25高一下·甘肃天水·期末）Dogs living with other dogs often bark (吠叫) more than those in single-dog homes when their owners leave home for a few hours — and they whine (哀鸣) and howl (嚎叫) just as much. “The discovery is opposite to a popular belief that dogs that are separated from their owners but are in the company of other dogs are not that alone.” says Gerrit Stephan at the Academy for Animal Naturopathy in Switzerland. In fact, because one dog barking can set off barking in other dogs, people attempting to calm separation anxiety in their first dog by getting a second one might make the situation worse. he says. Stephan and his workmates looked at videos of 32 dogs living alone and 45 dogs living with others, all of whom were left in the house. They found most of the time, the dogs lay quietly relaxing in their preferred places. Activity, like sitting or standing still, or raising their head, took up 22% of their time, and the animals were actively moving around for less than 2% of the time. However, those in multi-dog homes showed a striking difference in activity compared with those in single-dog homes, with more walking around, barking, whining and howling. says Stephan. There was almost no dog-to-dog activity, like playing with each other. These signs of anxiety were greatest in the first hour after the owners left, but then seemed to reduce over time. “It’s wrong that a dog with separation-related anxiety will feel better if another dog is added to the household,” says Natalie Waran at Eastern Institute of Technology in New Zealand, who didn’t take part in the project “This doesn’t address the underlying (潜在的) problem for the dog with separation anxiety, and it often results in another dog showing anxious behavior. The key is to understand the causes of the problem behavior to be able to manage or treat it effectively.” 1．What should be a wrong opinion? A．A dog may bark more often when in groups. B．A dog suffers separation anxiety sometimes. C．A dog’s separation anxiety is hard to deal with. D．A dog feels less anxious when with another one. 2．How did the dogs respond on the whole when their owners were away? A．They slept only for a short time. B．They were not very active C．They barked to go out. D．They played alone. 3．What did Natalie Waran ask people to do? A．Spend more time staying together with their dogs. B．Observe if their dogs have some other problem behavior. C．Find out the real cause of their dogs’ anxiety. D．Treat their dogs’ anxiety as early as possible. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Separation anxiety influences dogs in multi-dog homes more B．Separation anxiety is more common among dogs than thought C．Dogs show more rude behavior when alone D．Dogs do not like staying at home alone 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主题语境是人与社会之历史、社会与文化。研究者们发现，当主人离开家后，有同类作伴的狗比独自一人在家的狗会表现出更强烈的分离焦虑感，而且一只狗的焦虑行为会引发别的狗的焦虑行为。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The discovery is opposite to a popular belief that dogs that are separated from their owners but are in the company of other dogs are not that alone.(这一发现与一种流行的观点相反，即与主人分开但有其他狗陪伴的狗并不孤单)”及倒数第二段中的“It’s wrong that a dog with separation-related anxiety will feel better if another dog is added to the household(如果家里再多一只狗，一只患有与分离有关的焦虑的狗会感觉更好，这是错误的)”可知，认为狗与别的狗在一起时可以减轻焦虑是一种误解。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“They found most of the time, the dogs lay quietly relaxing in their preferred places. Activity, like sitting or standing still, or raising their head, took up 22% of their time, and the animals were actively moving around for less than 2% of the time.(他们发现，大多数时候，狗安静地躺在它们喜欢的地方放松。比如坐着或站着不动，或者抬起头的活动，占据了它们22%的时间，而动物们积极活动的时间不到2%)”可知，主人不在的时候，这些狗总体上不太活跃。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The key is to understand the causes of the problem behavior to be able to manage or treat it effectively.(关键是要了解问题行为的原因，以便能够有效地管理或治疗它)”可知，Natalie Waran认为人们应该找到狗感到焦虑的真正原因。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“Dogs living with other dogs often bark (吠叫) more than those in single-dog homes when their owners leave home for a few hours — and they whine (哀鸣) and howl (嚎叫) just as much.(和其他狗一起生活的狗在主人离开家几个小时后，通常会比那些单独生活的狗吠得更厉害，而且它们也会哀鸣和嚎叫)”可知，文章主要讲研究者们发现，当主人离开家后，独自在家的狗会表现出分离焦虑感，而有同类作伴的狗则表现出更强烈的分离焦虑感。A项“在多狗家庭中，分离焦虑对狗的影响更大”最适合作为标题，故选A。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Wildlife Protection 核心语法精练（现在进行时的被动语态） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单句语法填空 3 二、完成句子 3 三、选词填空 4 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 5 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 5 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 6 一、核心结构 现在进行时被动语态的结构由三部分组成： am / is / are + being + 过去分词 (P.P.) am / is / are： 根据主语的人称和数发生变化，体现“现在”这个时间概念。 being： 固定不变，它是be动词的现在分词形式，是进行时的标志。 过去分词： 体现“被动”的语态，也是动作的承受者。 二、句型变换 我们以动词 repair（修理）为例，其过去分词是 repaired。 句型 结构 例句 中文意思 肯定句 主语 + am/is/are + being + P.P. The car is being repaired. 汽车正在被修理。 否定句 主语 + am/is/are + not + being + P.P. The car is not (isn't) being repaired. 汽车没有被在修理。 一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + being + P.P.? Is the car being repaired? 汽车正在被修理吗？ 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + being + P.P.? Why is the car being repaired? 为什么汽车正在被修理？ 三、用法详解 现在进行时被动语态主要用于以下三种情况： 1. 描述说话时正在发生的被动动作 强调动作在此时此刻正在进行中，并且主语是动作的承受者。 例句： Be quiet! A podcast is being recorded in the next room. （安静点！隔壁房间正在录播客。） Look! The old bridge is being destroyed. （看！那座旧桥正在被拆除。） I can't use the office now. It is being cleaned. （我现在不能用办公室。它正在被打扫。） 2. 描述当前一段时间内持续进行的被动动作 动作可能不是说话的这一秒正在发生，但在当前一段时期内（如本周、这个月）一直在进行。 例句： A new subway line is being built in the city. （城里正在修建一条新的地铁线。）（不是说此刻正在挖，而是这个项目正在进行中） The company is being restructured to improve efficiency. （公司正在进行重组以提高效率。） 3. 表达一种感情色彩（尤其是厌烦、不满） 常与频率副词always, constantly等连用。 例句： I'm always being asked to work overtime. （我总是被要求加班。）（表达抱怨） He's constantly being criticized by his boss. （他老是挨老板批评。） 一、语法填空 1．A new policy (discuss) in the meeting room at the moment. 2．Look! A nice picture (draw) for our teacher. 3．Elephants and antelopes (hunt) and the population is becoming smaller and smaller. 4．At present, our surroundings (pollute) faster than ever and it seems that people cannot prevent it. 5．Many subway stations in the city (build) at present for better transport. 6．Some interesting experiments (carry) out by the students at this moment. 7．A new car (design) by the engineers but we don’t know when they will finish it. 8．Listen!The sports meeting (hold)on the playground of our school. 9．Everyone please keep quiet because the new song (record) in the studio at present. 10．Large quantities of food, medicines and other supplies (transport) to the earthquake-stricken area at present. 11．Much progress (make) in science and technology in China. 12．Some very interesting technologies (develop) right now. 13．The patient (operate) on inside the room now. 14．These houses (paint) by the workers now. 15．The effects of diet on fighting diseases (investigate) at present. 16．Every day large areas of forest (destroy) to make room for city development. 17．Their cars (wash) while the Smiths were in the mall shopping. 18．Who (teach) by our English teacher at present? 19．The flowers in the garden (water) by the gardener right now. 20．My washing machine (repair) now, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. 二、完成句子 21．越来越多的森林正在遭到破坏，大多数竹子被砍伐。 More and more forests and most of the bamboo has . 22．Wait a minute. The dish for the dinner in the kitchen. 稍等。晚餐的菜正在厨房里做着呢。 23．They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house . 他们目前正和父母住在一起，因为他们的房子正在维修。 24．Many interesting experiments these days. 最近很多有趣的实验正在进行。 25．为了解决这个问题，目前正在采取一些措施。 In order to solve the problem, some measures at this moment. 26．据我所知，他正在印度接受治疗。 As far as I know, he is now in India. 27．那个新工人最近工作进步很快，总是被他的领导们谈论。 The new worker has made rapid progress in his work recently and by his leaders. 28．Look! The foreign guests by volunteers. 看! 志愿者正在带着外国来访者参观博物馆。 29．How many modern schools ? 在这个城市有多少现代化学校正在修建？ 30．这些孩子现在正在被一个慷慨的商人照顾着。 These children by a generous businessman now. 三、选词填空 根据语境，用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空 on average; due to; be aware of; watch over; under pressure; remind... of; die out; make out; make progress; adapt to 31．Everyone in England spoke so fast that I couldn’t what they were saying. 32．If too many of these rare animals are killed, their kind will . 33．Students in 15 cities spent more than 1,500 yuan a month . 34．Some animals have a remarkable ability to changing environments. 35．We’re looking for polite and patient people who can work . 36．My nephew loves animals very much and the baby dogs every day. 37．After watching the videos, everyone the significance of wildlife conservation. 38．If you want to in your study, above all, you must be strict with yourself. 39．Those tomatoes had a taste that me the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. 40． a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. 题型一 语法填空 （24-25高一下·湖南永州·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 When you think of a fearsome hunter, images of lions and sharks may spring to mind. 1 , recent research by environmental scientists shows that in fact humans are the most fearsome hunters, 2 have the greatest impact on animal populations. Human activities have brought many animals close to 3 (extinct); in the last 500 years, over 300 species of animals 4 (go) extinct. Some activities, such as hunting and fishing, directly harm animals, while other activities, such as development in towns and cities, impact indirectly on animal populations. Hunting and fishing have directly influenced the world’s animal populations. Some people hunt animals 5 food: whale meat is eaten in some parts of the world. Some people hunt animals for fashion: animal skin is used 6 (make) coats and bags. Still others hunt animals just for fun: deer 7 (track) and shot by people who enjoy the excitement of the sport. Human activities may have indirect effects on animals that can be just as harmful. When 8 (build) farms or factories, we destroy animal habitats and leave many animals with nowhere to live, or no food to eat. Partly due to pollution 9 (cause) by ship traffic and other human activities, the dolphin population has dropped 10 (great). As the human population continues to grow, so does the effect we have on animals. （24-25高一下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley, the man who wrote the book the film Jaws was based 1 . In 1980, Benchley was diving when he came across an awful sight. It was an area where fishermen were finning, and the sea floor was covered with dead sharks. Benchley saw sharks 2 (kill) and this caused a deep change in him. He came to see people as a danger to sharks, rather than the other way 3 . From that day on, he fought to protect sharks. He admitted that his book was wrong about sharks’ behaviour. “Sharks don’t target humans,” he said. Experts have proved that sharks do not see people as food, and they attack us by 4 . Only around six people are killed by sharks every year. 5 (fortunate), not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks – some became interested in understanding them. Today, as we learn more about sharks, more people than ever want to protect them from 6 (extinct). In fact, sharks play 7 important role in the ocean ecosystem. They help keep the balance of marine life. However, due to finning and other human activities, many shark species 8 (be) now in danger. It is our responsibility to protect these amazing creatures so that they can continue to live in the ocean 9 (safe). Let’s take action to save sharks. Remember, every small step we take can make   10 big difference. 题型二 阅读理解 （24-25高一下·广西玉林·开学考试）For the past year, I’ve spent many hours and many Tuesdays volunteering at a wonderful zoo. I worked in the kitchen, helping to prepare food for the animals. This zoo is part of the AZA (Association of Zoos and Aquariums). Many animals here are part of a special program. The goal of this program is to protect animal species (物种) that are at risk or in danger of disappearing. The zoo has breeding plans to help these animals survive. I quickly learned that it’s easy to love all the animals. I especially liked one animal right away — the zoo’s prehensile-tailed porcupine (卷尾豪猪) named Fin. You might have seen YouTube videos of these animals eating and making cute noises. I learned that Fin really loves bananas and likes to peel them himself. One of my favorite things about Fin is his little nose, which looks like a pig’s nose. I also learned that nothing gets done without teamwork from the animal keepers. Taking care of all the zoo animals requires a lot of work. The keepers know a lot about every animal in the zoo. They work very hard, day and night, to keep the animals safe and healthy. Even in winter, the keepers stay at the zoo to make sure all the animals are happy and fed. Zoos are important. They teach visitors why we need to protect these animals and their homes. Most zoos care deeply for their animals and work very hard to keep them happy and healthy. 1．What do we know about the AZA program? A．It feeds animals with natural foods. B．It searches for uncommon animals. C．It saves species from dying out. D．It provides wild areas for animals. 2．What is one of the author’s favorite things about Fin? A．Fin’s love for bananas. B．Fin’s nose similar to a pig’s. C．Fin’s appearance in YouTube videos. D．Fin’s cute eating noises. 3．What does the author imply about zookeepers? A．They have medical backgrounds. B．They train animals for exercises. C．They become animals’ friends. D．They value animals’ emotions. 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Zoos are not animal cages. B．Zoos should be free to all. C．Zoos are not as good as nature. D．Zoos should be under control. （24-25高一下·甘肃天水·期末）Dogs living with other dogs often bark (吠叫) more than those in single-dog homes when their owners leave home for a few hours — and they whine (哀鸣) and howl (嚎叫) just as much. “The discovery is opposite to a popular belief that dogs that are separated from their owners but are in the company of other dogs are not that alone.” says Gerrit Stephan at the Academy for Animal Naturopathy in Switzerland. In fact, because one dog barking can set off barking in other dogs, people attempting to calm separation anxiety in their first dog by getting a second one might make the situation worse. he says. Stephan and his workmates looked at videos of 32 dogs living alone and 45 dogs living with others, all of whom were left in the house. They found most of the time, the dogs lay quietly relaxing in their preferred places. Activity, like sitting or standing still, or raising their head, took up 22% of their time, and the animals were actively moving around for less than 2% of the time. However, those in multi-dog homes showed a striking difference in activity compared with those in single-dog homes, with more walking around, barking, whining and howling. says Stephan. There was almost no dog-to-dog activity, like playing with each other. These signs of anxiety were greatest in the first hour after the owners left, but then seemed to reduce over time. “It’s wrong that a dog with separation-related anxiety will feel better if another dog is added to the household,” says Natalie Waran at Eastern Institute of Technology in New Zealand, who didn’t take part in the project “This doesn’t address the underlying (潜在的) problem for the dog with separation anxiety, and it often results in another dog showing anxious behavior. The key is to understand the causes of the problem behavior to be able to manage or treat it effectively.” 1．What should be a wrong opinion? A．A dog may bark more often when in groups. B．A dog suffers separation anxiety sometimes. C．A dog’s separation anxiety is hard to deal with. D．A dog feels less anxious when with another one. 2．How did the dogs respond on the whole when their owners were away? A．They slept only for a short time. B．They were not very active C．They barked to go out. D．They played alone. 3．What did Natalie Waran ask people to do? A．Spend more time staying together with their dogs. B．Observe if their dogs have some other problem behavior. C．Find out the real cause of their dogs’ anxiety. D．Treat their dogs’ anxiety as early as possible. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Separation anxiety influences dogs in multi-dog homes more B．Separation anxiety is more common among dogs than thought C．Dogs show more rude behavior when alone D．Dogs do not like staying at home alone 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $