2025年沪教版英语 拓展 兴趣课 英语概况课件

Overview of English 英语概况 Karida July 2024 1 目录 Contents The Origins of English （英语起源） The International Status of English （英语的国际地位） Representatives of Major English-speaking Countries（主要英语国家代表） The Cultural Customs of English-speaking Countries（英语国家的文化习俗） Grop work——Make a mind map of the overveiw of English 小组活动——用思维导图来概述英语 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. Part 1 The Origins of English（英语起源） The Origins of English（英语起源） English originated from a blend of Germanic dialects brought to Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers in the 5th century. Over time, it incorporates words from French, Latin, Greek, and other sources.To sum up, English is not a single language system, but the integration of multiple languages. 英语起源于5世纪盎格鲁-撒克逊移民带到英国的日耳曼方言的混合。随着时间的推移，它吸收了法语、拉丁语、希腊语和其他来源的词汇。综上所述，英语不是一个单一的语言系统，而是多种语言的融合。 Questions. When did English originate（起源）？ 2. Is English a single language system? It originated in the 15th century. English is not a single language system, but the integration of multiple languages. Part 2 The International Status of English （英语的国际地位） English is a global language, which is widely used in various countries and fields, and has an irreplaceable status in the world. International Status of English 英语是一门全球性语言，广泛应用于各个国家和领域，在世界上具有不可替代的地位。 Questions. What kind of language is English? 2. What is the international status of English? English is a global language. It has an irreplaceable status in the world. Part 3 Representatives of Major English-speaking Countries（主要英语国家代表） Representatives of major English-speaking countries There are many countries in the world that use English, among which the main English-speaking countries include Britain and Ireland in Europe; The United States and Canada in the Americas; Australia and New Zealand in Oceania. Questions. What are the main English-speaking countries in Europe? 2. What are the main English-speaking countries in Americas? 3.What are the main English-speaking countries in Oceania? Britain and Ireland. The United States and Canada. Australia and New Zealand Part 4 The Cultural Customs of English-speaking Countries （英语国家的文化习俗） The cultural customs of English-speaking countries are diverse and rich, shaped by their unique histories, traditions, and societal values. Here is an overview of some common cultural customs in English-speaking countries. 英语国家的文化习俗是多样而丰富的，这是由它们独特的历史、传统和社会价值观所塑造的。下面是英语国家的一些共同文化习俗的概述。 People in English-speaking countries often greet each other with a simple "Hello," "Hi," or "Good morning/afternoon/evening" depending on the time of day. For acquaintances（熟人） or friends, a hug or a light kiss on the cheek (in some cultures) may be common. Greetings（招呼） Privacy（隐私） English-speaking cultures tend to value privacy, and it is considered impolite to ask direct questions about personal matters such as age, income, or marital status, especially when first meeting someone. 英语文化倾向于重视隐私，直接询问年龄、收入或婚姻状况等个人问题被认为是不礼貌的，尤其是在第一次见到某人的时候。 "Thank you" is used frequently（频繁地）, even for small favors or gestures. Apologies ("I'm sorry" or "Excuse me") are also common and are seen as a sign of politeness and respect. Thank You and Apologies Maintaining eye contact during conversations is considered a sign of engagement and respect. 在谈话中保持眼神交流被认为是参与和尊重的表现。 Eye Contact（眼神交流） Body Language Nonverbal cues, such as facial expressions and gestures, play an important role in communication. 非语言暗示，如面部表情和手势，在交流中起着重要作用。 Invitations（邀请） Invitations to social gatherings or events are typically extended well in advance, either verbally or in writing. Guests are expected to RSVP (respond with whether they will attend) to the invitation. 社交聚会或活动的邀请通常会提前很长时间发出，无论是口头的还是书面的。 客人应该回复邀请(回复是否出席)。 At the dinner table, utensils are used in a specific order, and good manners, such as chewing with one's mouth closed and not talking with food in one's mouth, are expected. It is customary to offer to help with clearing the table or preparing dishes, even if the offer is declined. Dining Etiquette 餐饮礼仪 在餐桌上，餐具是按特定的顺序使用的，而且要有礼貌，比如闭着嘴咀嚼，嘴里含着食物不要说话。 习惯上，即使被拒绝了，也要主动帮忙收拾桌子或准备菜。 Gifts are often exchanged（交换） on special occasions（特殊场合） such as birthdays, weddings（婚礼）, anniversaries（周年纪念日）, and holidays. The value of the gift is less important than the thought（心意） and effort put into selecting（挑选） it. Gifts and Gift-Giving（礼物和送礼） Traditions include decorating（装饰） trees, exchanging gifts, having a special meal, and singing carols（唱颂歌）. Celebrated on December 25th, Christmas is a major holiday in English-speaking countries. Christmas Thanksgiving In the United States, Thanksgiving is celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November. It is a time for families to gather（团聚） and give thanks for their blessings（祝福）, often with a large meal featuring turkey（火鸡）. Other significant holidays include Easter (celebrating the resurrection of Jesus Christ), Halloween (a festival of the dead with traditions of dressing up in costumes and trick-or-treating), and Independence Day (in the United States, celebrating the nation's independence from Britain). Other Holidays 其他重要的节日包括复活节(庆祝耶稣基督的复活)、万圣节(以盛装打扮和不给糖就捣蛋的传统庆祝死者的节日)和独立日(在美国，庆祝国家从英国独立)。 Conclusion The cultural customs of English-speaking countries reflect their unique histories and values. From greetings and manners to social gatherings and holidays, these customs shape the way people interact and celebrate. Understanding and respecting these customs can help foster stronger connections and relationships across cultures. 英语国家的文化习俗反映了他们独特的历史和价值观。从问候和礼仪到社交聚会和节日，这些习俗塑造了人们互动和庆祝的方式。理解和尊重这些习俗有助于加强跨文化的联系和关系。 Part 5 Grop work——Make a mind map of the overveiw of English 小组活动——用思维导图来概述英语 The International Status 请你补充... The Cultural Customs 请你补充... Greeting manners 请你补充... Overview of English When & What in the 15th century the integration of multiple languages. Representatives Countries 请你补充... Holidays 请你补充... Thank you! 28 $