Unit 12 知识讲解课件-2025-2026学年人教版(2012)九年级英语全一册
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Unit 12 第五课时
九年级英语全一册
自学导航
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【重点短语】
1. head west 朝西边去
2. go to a nearby mall 去附近的商场
3. lead to the mall 通向商场
4. serve sb. sth. 给某人提供(餐食)
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九年级英语全一册
1. The waiter served us some delicious food.
(对划线部分提问)
What did the waiter serve you?
2. 这条狭窄的小路通向森林。(完成译句)
This narrow road leads to the forest.
3. heading, they, winter, south, the, for, started(连词成句) They started heading south for the winter.
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课堂即学即练
$Unit 12 单元语法专题
九年级英语全一册
一、过去完成时的结构
“ 助动词had+过去分词”,其中had 通用于各种人称。
例如 :
① They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.
在到达旅馆之前,他们已经吃过早饭了。
②She had finished writing the composition by 10∶00
this morning.
今天早晨 10 点之前,她已经写完了作文。
九年级英语全一册
二、过去完成时的用法
表示一个动作或状态发生在某一过去时间之前,即发生在“过去的过去”。
例如 :
①When I woke up, it had stopped raining.
我醒来时,雨已经停了。
②By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for
twenty years.
到去年年底,他已经在这个厂里工作20 年了。
九年级英语全一册
三、过去完成时的判断依据
1. 由时间状语来判定
( 1 ) by + 过去的时间点。意为“ 在 …… 之前; 在……的时候”。例如 :
I had finished reading the novel by nine o’clock last night. 到昨天晚上九点钟时,我已经读完 了这本小说。
(2)by the end of+过去的时间点,意为“在……结 束之前”。例如 :
We had learned over two thousand English words by the
end of last term. 到上学期期末为止,我们已经学了两千多个英语单词。
九年级英语全一册
(3)before+过去的时间点 。例如 :
They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
在上周三之前,他们已经种了六百棵树。
(4)by the time+主 +谓语(过去式) ,意为“在 …… 的时候”。例如 :
By the time he arrived, we had already left.
他到的时候,我们已经离开了。
九年级英语全一册
(5)when+主 +谓语(过去式),表示“ 当…… 的时候,
另外一个动作早已发生”。
例如 :
When he arrived, we had already left.
当他到的时候,我们已经离开了。
九年级英语全一册
2. 由“过去的过去”的语境来判断
①She said that she had seen the film before.
她说她之前看过这部电影。
② I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn’t seen
each other since he went to Beijing.
昨天我在街上遇到了王涛 。 自从他去了北京我们还
没有见过彼此。
注:the day before yesterday意为“前天”,不用过去完
成时,应用一般过去时。
九年级英语全一册
四、过去完成时与一般过去时的区别
虽然这两种时态都表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,但在使用时应注意以下区别:
时间状语不同。过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”;而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间 。试比较 :
→ They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday.
昨天十点之前,他们已经到达了车站。
→ They arrived at the station at ten yesterday.
他们在昨天十点的时候到达了车站。
$Unit 12 第三课时
九年级英语全一册
自学导航
v
【重点短语】
1. happen to sb. 发生在某人身上
2. invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某处
3. a costume party 一场化装舞会
4. be really embarrassed 真的很尴尬
短语中未涉及词汇: fool n. 蠢人;傻瓜 v. 愚弄
【词形变化】
embarrassed adj. 窘迫的;害羞的→embarrass v. 使尴尬→
embarrassing adj. 使人难堪的
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九年级英语全一册
考点点拨
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【重点词汇点津】
① fool n. 蠢人;傻瓜
【探究】fool 可作名词或动词,作动词时,意为“欺骗;愚弄”,形容词为 foolish,意为“愚蠢的”。
常见搭配如下:
•be a fool 是一个傻瓜
•fool sb. 愚弄/欺骗某人
例如 :
九年级英语全一册
① You can’t fool me with that old excuse.
你那老一套的借口是骗不了我的。
②He said he would pay me back and like a fool
I believed him.
他说会还我钱,我像一个傻瓜一样相信了他。
③Don’t be fooled by his appearance.
别被他的外表所欺骗。
④I was foolish enough to believe what Jeff told me. 我真够蠢,竟相信杰夫和我说的话。
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❷ embarrassed adj. 感到尴尬的
【探究】形容词 embarrassing 意为“令人尴尬的”。 常见搭配如下 :
•be embarrassed about/at sth. 对……感到尴尬
•be embarrassed to do sth. 做某事感到尴尬
•get/feel embarrassed 感到尴尬
•It is embarrassing for sb. to do sth.
做某事令某人尴尬。
九年级英语全一册
例如 :
① I felt embarrassed about how untidy the house was. 家里太乱了,我感到难为情。
② He felt embarrassed to talk to girls.
他和女生说话感觉尴尬。
③ It was embarrassing for me to sing in public.
对我来说,在公众场合唱歌很尴尬。
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九年级英语全一册
【拓展】动词为embarrass, 为及物动词,意为“令某人尴
尬”, 名词为embarrassment。
常见搭配如下 :
•embarrass sb. 令某人尴尬
•to sb’s embarrassment 令某人尴尬的是
①Much to her embarrassment , she realized that everybody had been listening to her singing.
她意识到大家一直在听她唱歌,感到很不好意思。
②Her questions about my private life embarrassed me .
她问我私人的问题,让我很尴尬。
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九年级英语全一册
1. She won’t be fooled (fool) by his empty promises.
2. 昨天一件奇怪的事情发生在我身上。(完成译句)
A strange thing happened to me yesterday.
3. 她为自己的无礼感到尴尬 。(完成译句)
She was embarrassed about/at her own rudeness.
4. 她犯了个如此尴尬的错误,恨不得找个地缝钻进去。
(完成译句)
She made such an embarrassing mistake that she
wanted to disappear.
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课堂即学即练
$Unit 12 第一课时
九年级英语全一册
自学导航
v
【重点短语】(单词表中的本课时词汇均在∗短语中设空)
1. ∗be full of the unexpected 充满了意想不到的事情
2. by the time I got up 在我起床以前
3. in the shower 在淋浴间
4. ∗ leave my backpack at home 把我的背包落在家里了
5. go off (闹钟、警报)响起
6. rush out of the door 冲出门去
7. brush my teeth 刷牙
8. give me a lift in his car 用他的车载我一程
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九年级英语全一册
短语中未涉及词汇:
oversleep v. 睡过头
【 词形变化】
1. unexpected adj. 出乎意料的;始料不及的
→expect v. 预期;预计
2. oversleep v. 睡过头;睡得太久
→ (过去式/过去分词)overslept
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九年级英语全一册
【 重点句子】
1. When I got to school, I realized I had left my backpack at home.
当我到学校的时候,我意识到我把背包忘在家里了。
2. At least by the time you got to school, you were only
five minutes late for class.
至少你到学校的 时候,只迟到了5 分钟。
九年级英语全一册
【教材典句释析】
①When I got to school, I realized I had left my backpack at
home. 当我到学校的时候 ,我意识到我把背包忘在家里了(教材P89,1b)
【探究】“leave sth. +介词+地点”意为“把某物忘在某处”。此处不能用 forget, 因为 forget 表示此含义时,后面不能跟上具体地点;“ had left my backpack at home”用过去完成时, 因为该动作发 生在“ realized ”之前, 为“ 过去的过去发生的 动作”,所以要用过去完成时 。
例如 :
九年级英语全一册
①I left my key at home yesterday.
我昨天把钥匙落家里了。
=I forgot my key yesterday. 我昨天忘了带钥匙了。
②When I arrived, they had already left .
我到的时候,他们已经离开了。
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九年级英语全一册
❷ My alarm clock didn’t go off! 我闹钟没有响! (教材P90,2d)【探究】go off 意为“ (警报器或闹钟) 响起;(灯) 熄灭;离
开”。例如 :
①As the water came in through the windows, all the lights
went off .
随着水从窗子漫进来,灯全部熄灭了。
②The train has already gone off and left the station.
火车已经开走了,离开了车站。
③ Didn’t you hear your alarm clock go off this morning?
今天早晨你没听到你的闹钟响吗?
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九年级英语全一册
【知识重温】与go 相关的短语:
•go out of one’s way to do sth.
特意做某事;格外努力做某事
•go by 经过
•go along (the street) 沿着(街道)走
•go for sth. 努力去获取某事物
•go against (my wishes) 违背(我的意愿)
九年级英语全一册
❸ … at least by the time you got to school, you were only five minutes late for class. ……至少你到学校的时候,只迟到了 5 分钟。(教材P90,2d)
【探究】by the time 引导时间状语从句,意为“ 在 ……的时候”,如果主句动作发生在过去的过去, 此时一般要用过去完成时,若主句谓语动词为 be 动词,此时可以用一般过去时。例如 :
①By the time we arrived, the meeting was over.
我们到达时,会议已经结束了。
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九年级英语全一册
②He had left by the time we reached home.
当我们到家的时候他已经离开了。
③The movie had begun by the time we got there.
当我们到那儿的时候,电影已经开始了。
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九年级英语全一册
1. The company is going for a larger market share.
2. By the time I got to the cinema, the movie had started
(start).
3. 今天早上 6 点半闹钟响了。(完成译句)
The alarm clock went off at 6 :30 this morning.
4. 你能载我一程去图书馆吗? 我真的很着急。(完成译句)
Could you please give me a lift/ride to the library?
I’m really in a hurry.
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课堂即学即练
九年级英语全一册
5. umbrella, I, home, my, at, left (连词成句)
I left my umbrella at home.
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$Unit 12 第四课时
九年级英语全一册
自学导航
v
【重点短语】(单词表中的本课时词汇均在∗短语中设空)
1. an introduction to 对……的简介
2. take place 发生
3. play jokes on sb. 开某人玩笑
4. ∗no more spaghetti 不再有意大利面
5. buy as many/much sth. as sb. can
尽可能多地买 ……
6. ∗be a hoax 是一场骗局
7. across the country 全国
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九年级英语全一册
8. be sold out 售罄
9. ∗report the discovery of sth. 报道发现了 ……
10. help people lose weight 帮助人们减肥
11. end up doing sth. 以做某事告终
12. have a happy ending 有着快乐的结局
13. ∗be canceled 被取消了
14. on his radio program 在他电台节目中
15. land on 降落在 ……
16. hundreds of 成百上千的
17. spread across the whole country 蔓延整个国家
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九年级英语全一册
18. ∗police officers 警察们
19. run out of sth. 用光某物
20. ∗the most/least believable 最可信的/最不可信的
21. be fooled by 被……欺骗
22. run away from their homes 逃离家园
23. ∗the most embarrassing joke 最令人尴尬的玩笑
短语中未涉及词汇:
1. announce v. 宣布;宣告
2. lady n. 女士
3. disappear v. 消失
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九年级英语全一册
【 词形变化】
1. announce v. 宣布;宣告
→announcement n. 公告,通告
2. discovery n. 发现;发觉→discover v. 发现;找到
3. lady n. 女士→ (复数)ladies
4. believable adj. 可相信的;可信任的
→believe v. 相信→ (反义词)unbelievable
5. disappear v. 消失;不见→appear v. 出现
6. embarrassing adj. 使人害羞的(难堪的或惭愧的)→
embarrass v. 使尴尬→embarrassment n. 尴尬
九年级英语全一册
【重点句子】
1. Many people ran to their local supermarkets to buy as
much spaghetti as they could.
很多人跑向当地的超市去尽可能多地买意大利面。
2. By the time people realized that the story was a hoax,
all of the spaghetti across the country had been sold out. 当人们意识到这是个骗局时,全国所有的意大利面都销
售一空了。
九年级英语全一册
考点点拨
v
● announce v. 宣布;宣告
【探究】(尤指公开地)宣布、宣告或通告。
常见搭配如下:
•announce sth. (to sb. ) ( 向某人)宣布某事
•announce that … 宣布……;宣称 ……
•It is announced that … 据宣布 ……
例如 :
【重点词汇点津】
九年级英语全一册
①They announced that the flight would be
cancelled. 他们通知,该航班将被取消。
②She announced that she’d given up smoking.
她宣称已戒烟。
③ The government has announced plans to create 10,000
new jobs.
政府宣布了创造一万个就业机会的一些计划。
④She announced the winner of the competition to the
excited audiences.
她向激动的观众宣布了比赛的获胜者。
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九年级英语全一册
【教材典句释析】
① One April Fool’s Day, a reporter in England announced that there would be no more spaghetti because the
spaghetti farmers in Italy had stopped growing spaghetti.
在一个愚 人节当天,有位英国记者宣称以后不会再有意 面可以吃了,因为意大利的农民已经停止种植生产细面条的植物了。(教材P94,2b)
【探究】“no more+ 复数名词/不可数名词 ”意为 “ 不会再
有某事;不要再有某事”。
九年级英语全一册
例如 :
① No more awful winters
— we’re moving to Sanya.
不会再有可怕的冬天了— 我们就要搬到三亚去了。
② No more excuses ! You will finish it today.
别再找借口了! 今天之内把它完成。
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九年级英语全一册
【知识重温】
•not … any more/anymore (数量上)不再
•not … any longer (时间上)不再 = no longer
注 :no longer 用在行为动词前be 动词后。
例如:
①He no longer lives here.
=He doesn’t live here any longer .
他不在这里住了。
②Why doesn’t he speak to me any more ?
他为啥不再理我了?
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九年级英语全一册
❷ Many people ran to their local supermarkets to buy as
much spaghetti as they could. 很多人跑向当地的超市去尽可能多地买意大利面。 (教材P94,2b)
【探究】as … as one can/as possible 意为“尽可能 地……”,这里的 can 表示“能力”,故有时态的变化。
常见的结构如下:
•as many+可数名词+as one can/as possible
•as much+不可数名词+as one can/as possible
•as+adj. /adv. +as one can/as possible
例如 :
九年级英语全一册
① The horse drank as much water as it could . 那匹马儿使劲在喝水。
②He gave me as many books as possible.
他尽量地多给我书。
③ She remained as calm as she could .
她尽量保持冷静。
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九年级英语全一册
❸ By the time people realized that the story was a hoax, all
of the spaghetti across the country had been sold out.
当人们意识到这是个骗局时,全国所有的意大利面都销售
一空了。(教材 P94,2b)
【探究】sell out 意为“售完”,可作及物或不及物动词词组。例如 :
①The tickets sold out within hours. 几小时内票就卖光了。
②The tickets were completely sold out. 门票全部售完。
九年级英语全一册
【知识重温】与 sell 相关的短语:
•sell sb. sth. =sell sth. to sb. 把……卖给某人
•sell sth. (to sb. ) (for+价格)以……的价格把……卖给某人•sth. sells well 某物卖得好
注:sell、write、wash 等动作与某些副词连用表示主语的某种性质、特征时,句子用主动形式表示被动意义。
例如 :
①I sold him my car/I sold my car to him for $ 600.
我把车以600 美元的价钱卖给了他。
②The book sold well and was reprinted many times. 这本书销路不错,重印了好多次。
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九年级英语全一册
❹ He asked her to marry him. 他向她求婚了。
(教材P94,2b)
【探究】marry 为及物动词,意为“嫁 ;娶”,married 为形容词,意为“结了婚的”。
常见搭配如下 :
•marry sb. 嫁给某人 ;娶某人
•get/be married (to sb. )与某人结婚
例如 :
①Bill married Mary on January 1st, 1994.
比尔与玛丽在1994年1月1日结婚了。
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九年级英语全一册
②Kate and Tom got married last year.
凯特和汤姆去年结婚了。
③You don,t want to be married to me.
你并不想和我结婚。
④ They have been married for five years.
他们已结婚五年了。
注 :get married 和 marry 是短暂动作,后面不跟表示一段时间的时间状语;若要表延续,须改为“be married”。
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1. Will you get married to him even though he is poor?
2. If you don’t work hard, you’ll end up failing (fail) the exam.
3. Hundreds (hundred) of people came to the concert.
4. His explanation for being late was the least believable
(believe).
5. It is announced (宣布) that the concert will be put off.
6. She ran as fast as she could to catch (catch) the bus.
7. The mouse ran away from the hungry cat. (改为一般疑问句)
Did the mouse run away from the hungry cat?
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课堂即学即练
九年级英语全一册
8. 我不会再玩电脑游戏了。(完成译句)
I won’t play computer games anymore .
9. 那款受欢迎的玩具在假期很快售罄了 。(完成译句)
The popular toys were quickly sold out during the
holiday season.
10. 那个小男孩因为生父母的气而离家出走了。(完成译句)
The little boy ran away from home because he was
angry with his parents.
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$Unit 12 第二课时
九年级英语全一册
自学导航
v
【重点短语】(单词表中的本课时词汇均在∗短语中设空)
1. be about to do sth. 正要做某事
2. ∗two blocks 两个街区
3. wait in line 排队等待
4. other office workers 其他的办公室职员
5. hear a loud sound 听到很大的声音
6. join the others outside 加入外面其他人
7. ∗ stare in disbelief at sb. /sth. 难以置信地盯着某人/物
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九年级英语全一册
8. ∗the black smoke rising above the burning building
从着火的大楼升起的黑烟
9. ∗feel lucky to be alive 感觉很幸运还活着
10. ∗go straight to the airport 径直前往机场
11. get to the airport 到达机场
12. think to myself 我心想
13. unexpectedly turn into 出乎意料变成了 ……
14. ∗put cream in the coffee 在咖啡里加奶油
15. ∗ till the next day 直到第二天
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九年级英语全一册
16. collect the math homework 收数学作业
17. complete the work for my boss 为我的老板完成了工作18. ∗green beans 绿豆
19. ∗come back from the market 从市场回来
20. show up 出现 ;露面
21. find out about the earthquake 查明关于地震的情况
22. feed her dog 喂她的狗
23. leave for school 前往学校
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短语中未涉及词汇:
1. west adv. 向西 adj. 向西的 n. 西方
2. dead adj. 死的;失去生命的
3. workday n. 工作日
【 词形变化】
1. worker n. 工作者;工人→work v. 工作
2. disbelief n. 不信;怀疑→believe v. 相信
3. burn v. 着火;燃烧→ (过去式/过去分词)burnt
或burned→burning adj. 着火的;燃烧的
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九年级英语全一册
【重点句子】
1. I was about to go up when I decided to get a coffee first.
当我正准备上楼时,我决定先买杯咖啡。
2. I went to my favorite coffee place even though it was two
blocks east from my office.
我去了我最喜欢的咖啡馆,尽管它在我办公室东边两个街 区的地方。
3. As I was waiting in line with other office workers, I
heard a loud sound.
当我和其他上班族正在排 队时,我听到一声巨响。
九年级英语全一册
4. By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else had already shown up.
我到派对的时候,其他人都已经到了。
九年级英语全一册
考点点拨
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【重点词汇点津】
● burn v. 燃烧;烧毁/烧焦;发烫;晒伤/烫伤
【探究】burn 的过去式和过去分词都可以写成 burned 或burnt,可作及物或不及物动词使用,形容词为burning,意为“燃烧的 ;着火的”。其动词用法如下:
九年级英语全一册
词义 例句
燃烧
(不及物动词) There was a fire burning in the fireplace. 壁炉里烧着火。
烧毁/烧焦
(及物动词) All his belongings were burned in the fire last night. 他所有的财物昨晚都被烧毁了。
九年级英语全一册
发烫
(不及物动词) Your forehead is burning. Have you got a fever?
你额头很烫。你发烧了吗?
晒伤/烫伤
(及物动词) ①I got badly burned by the sun yesterday. 我昨天被太阳晒伤很严重。
②The soup’s hot. Don’t burn your mouth. 汤很烫。别把嘴巴烫到了。
九年级英语全一册
例如 :
①Fires were burning all over the city. 全城处处燃烧着大火。
②She was badly burned/burnt in a road accident.
她在一次交通事故中被严重烧伤。
③ Don’t forget you can still get burned/burnt when
you’re swimming or when it,s cloudy.
别忘了,在游泳或阴天的时候还是会晒伤的。
④They set cars on fire and burned/burnt a building .
他们焚烧汽车,并烧毁了一座建筑。
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【教材典句释析】
①In May 2001, I found a job in New York at the World
Trade Center. 在2001年5月,我在纽约的世贸大厦找到了
一份工作。(教材P91,3a)
【探究】时间短语前面介词的使用 :
•在上午/下午/晚上,例如:
in the morning/afternoon/evening
•在某季节,例如:in winter
•在某年/某月,例如: in 2023/in May 2023
九年级英语全一册
•在某一天 ,例如 :on Monday/on 11th May, 2023
•在某一天的上午/下午/晚上,例如: on the morning of
March 7th, 2023
•在几点/某个具体时刻,例如:at six o’clock/a quarter to six
•其他习惯用法:at night/at noon/at this time of year/in (the) daytime/for the first time/at the end of/at the beginning of
注 :在英语中,如果时间名词前用this、that、last、 next、
every 等修饰时,前面不再需要介词。例如 :
九年级英语全一册
① On September 11, 2001, I arrived at my building at around 8 :30 a. m.
2001 年9月11日,我大约在早上8点到达我工作的大厦。
② The movie hit the big screen in July,2024.
这部电影于2024年7月上映。
③Perhaps it will rain in the afternoon. 下午可能有雨。
④ Unexpectedly, he phoned me on the afternoon of the
wedding.
没想到在婚礼的那天下午他给我打了电话。
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❷ I was about to go up when I decided to get a coffee first. 当我正准备上楼时,我决定先买杯咖啡。(教材P91,3a)
【探究】be about to do sth. 意为“正要做某事”,不能与时间状语连用,但可与when引导的从句连用表示“正要做某事,突然 ……”。常见搭配如下 :
•be about to do sth. when…正要做某事时突然……
•be doing sth. when …正在做某事突然 ……
例如 :
九年级英语全一册
①I was about to go out when he telephoned me.
我正要出门的时候,他打电话找我。
②I was eating breakfast when the earthquake
happened.
我正在吃早饭,突然地震发生了。
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❸ As I was waiting in line with other office workers,
I heard … 当我和其他上班族正在排 队等待时 ,
我听到……
(教材P91,3a)
【探究】此句中 as 作连词表示“ 当……的时候”。
as 的常见用法如下 :
九年级英语全一册
词性 词义 例句
连词
一边 …… 一边 …… The students took notes as they
listened. 学生们边听课 边做笔记。
当……的时候 I saw him as I was running.
我跑步时看到了他。
因为 You can go first as you’re the oldest. 你可以第一个去,因为 你年纪最大。
正 如; 像 ……一样 As I was just saying, I think he is the best among us. 正如我刚才所说,他是我们之中最棒的。
九年级英语全一册
介词 作为; 当作 She works as a waitress.
她是名服务员。
九年级英语全一册
❹ By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else had already shown up. 我到派对的时候, 其他人都已经到了。
(教材P92,4b)
【探究】show up 为不及物动词短语,意为“露面; 赶到(尤指有人在等候之处) ”,相当于 turn up。
例如 :
①It was getting late when she finally showed/ turned up . 天色已晚,她终于赶到了。
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②I invited him to come at eight o’clock, but
he didn’t show/turn up until 9 :30.
我请他8点钟来,可他直到9 点半才露面。
【知识重温】与 show 相关的短语:
•show sb. around 带某人四处看看
•show sb. sth. =show sth. to sb. 向某人展示某物
•show sb. the way 给某人带路
•on show 在展出
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九年级英语全一册
1. She stared at the burning building for a long time.
2. The new store will open on June 15th.
3. She had an accident on the afternoon of June 1st.
4. The students waited in line with their teachers to
enter the museum.
5. She left for the airport early in the morning.
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课堂即学即练
九年级英语全一册
6. All the homework should be completed before you go
to bed.
7. When he heard the news, he shook his head in
disbelief.
8. 我们等了两个小时后,她终于出现了。(完成译句)
She finally showed/turned up after we waited for two
hours.
9. 我正要离开的时候,电话响了。(完成译句)
I was about to leave when the phone rang.
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