语法专题 现在进行时、一般过去时（期中复习讲义）七年级英语上学期新教材鲁教版五四制

语法专题 现在进行时、一般过去时（期中复习讲义） 单元 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 Unit 1-2 现在进行时 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空 情景运用 英汉翻译 写句子等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：语境化推理要求提高：时态考查逐渐摆脱单纯的语法条文背诵，而是更多通过对话、故事情节、图片场景等形式，让考生在具体语境氛围中推敲判断合适的时态，要求学生依据人物关系、场景氛围、情绪状态等来确定动词时间状态。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 4.跨题型渗透融入：在各类题型中，时态的知识运用考查正不断渗透。 5. 复合语法点综合考查：在日常测试和正式考试中，时态与被动语态的搭配，以及时态同非谓语动词的关联题目越发常见，将时态用法和主谓一致、主从复合句的时态呼应等放在一起考查的情况增多，需要学生构建起完备的语法知识体系 。 Unit3-4 一般过去时 时态 用法 标志 构成 现在进行时 现在正在进行的动作 now,look, listen等 主语+am/is/are +doing 一般过去时 表示过去时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 yesterday, last, ago等 主语 +动词的过去式 知识点01 现在进行时 一、用法 用于表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作（动作尚未结束）。如， They are watching TV now. 他们现在正在看电视。 Listen! The bird is singing in the tree. 听! 鸟儿正在树上唱歌。 二、标志词 常见的时间状语有now, at the moment等。如果句首有提示性动词look, listen等, 主句也用现在进行时。 如， Look , they are dancing happily. 三、构成形式 构成： 主语+ is/am/are + ving +--- ving的构成形式： 1）一般情况下直接加-ing，如 study – studying 2) 以辅音字母加不发音的e结尾的，去e加-ing，如，make – making. 3) 重度闭音节词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加-ing.如,swim – swimming. 四、句型转换 句型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 +am/ is / are +ving He is reads books. 否定句 主语 +isn’t/ am not/ aren’t + ving She isn’t doing her homework 一般疑问句 Am/ Is/ Are + 主语 + ving ---？ Are you playing basketball? 特殊疑问句 疑问词+ 一般疑问句？ What is she doing? 易｜错｜点｜拨 1、丢掉am/ is/ are ❌ She eating breakfast. → ✅ She is eating breakfast 2、动词加ing时，动词为辅音字母+不发音的，忘记去e ❌ I am writeing a letter. → ✅ I am writing a letter.? 3、动词加ing时，动词为重度闭音节切末尾只有一个辅音字母时，忘记双写 ❌ Look, some boys are swiming. . → ✅ Look, some boys are swimming. 解｜题｜技｜巧 1.根据标志词判断时态。 Listen, someone is singing. (Listen →现在进行时→am/is/are +ving.） 2.根据说话者的语气判断时态。 Father: Where is your mother? Son: She is cooking in the kitchen.(说话间正在进行的动作） 【即时检测】用所给动词的适当形式填空 —Cathy, can you answer the phone? I _____ (clean) the room. —I’m coming, mum. 2. —Mum, where is Dad? —He _____ (plant) flowers in the garden now. 3. We’re proud that China ___ (become) stronger and stronger these years. 4. —Hi, Wang Ning! How’s the weather in Zibo now? —It is terrible. It _____ (rain)all the morning. 5. Now Jerry ____ (discuss)the exchange programme with his classmates in the meeting room. 知识点02 一般过去时 一、用法与标志词 1.表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。通常与yesterday, last year, in 1976, a few months ago等 表示过去的时间状语连用。 如，I met him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上遇到他了。 2. 表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作。 通常与often, usually, seldom等表示频率的副词连用, 但这种用法是以一个过去时间为前提的。 He often went to school by bus last term. 上学期他经常乘公共汽车去上学。 二、谓语动词的构成形式： 主语+动词的过去式。过去式的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化（见不规则变化表）。 规则变化主要是加ed,具体变化如下： 1) 一般情况加ed， 如，stay - stayed 2）词尾有e的加d，如，like – liked 3）重度闭音节词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母（辅-元-辅），先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed.如， stop - stopped 4）以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i，再加-ed. 如， study - studied 三、句型转换 （注意：当谓语动词为be动词时，疑问句把be动词提前，否定句在be动词后加not。） 句型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + 动词过去式 Tom went to school yesterday. 否定句 主语 +did not (didn’t) + 动词原形 She didn’t eat breakfast. 一般疑问句 Did + 主语 +动词原形？ Did you play basketball? 特殊疑问句 疑问词+ 一般疑问句？ What did she do last Sunday? 易｜错｜点｜拨 1、一般过去时构成误解为was/were +动词 ❌ She was eat breakfast at 7:00 yesterday. → ✅ She ate breakfast at 7:00 yesterday. 2.当谓语动词为行为动词时，变疑问句和否定句误解为用was/were。 ❌ She wasn’t ate breakfast at 7:00 yesterday. → ✅ She didn’t eat breakfast at 7:00 yesterday. 3.当谓语动词为行为动词时，变疑问句和否定用了助动词did, 动词过去式要变为动词原形。 ❌ She didn't ate breakfast at 7:00 yesterday. → ✅ She didn't eat breakfast at 7:00 yesterday. 【即时检测】 1.John _____ (visit)his grandma every day when she was in hospital. 2. — I _______ (go)to the cinema yesterday. — It’s a pity. You didn’t invite me. 3. — A nice car! Is it yours? — No, it isn’t. I _____ (borrow)it from a friend of mine two days ago 4. — When ______ you ______ (come)here? — Two days ago. 5. —Did you go to Nanhu Park a week ago? —Yes. We ____ (have)a good time there. 夯实基础（测试时间：10分钟） 单项选择 —Excuse me, what is Nick doing? —Look! He ______ flowers outside. A. waters B. watered C. is watering D. has watered 2.  —Listen! Someone ______ in the music room! —It's our music teacher. A. is singing B. singing C. sings D. are singing 3.---I have already finished my homework. ---Really? When ______ you ______ it? A. will, finish B. did, finish C. have, finished D. do, finish 4. —Steve, what are you doing these days? —I ______ a great book. A. am reading B. read C. reds D. is reading 5.My friend from America called me and we ______ for hours. A. chatted B. will chat C. have chatted D. are chatting 6.---______ it often ______ in winter in your hometown? ---Yes, we often make snow men. A. do, snow B. Does, snows C. Do, snows D. Does, snow 7.Rick usually ______ up at 5:30 on weekdays. A. get B. gets C. got D. getting 8.—Why is Kate absent from class? —Oh, she ______ the meeting. A. was attending B. attended C. is attending D. attends 9.Li Ping's brother ______ lunch at the factory, didn't he? A. has B. have C. didn't have D. had 10.It's 6:40 a. m. He ______ around the park. A. runs B. ran C. is running D.will run 提升训练（测试时间：15分钟） 一、单项选择。 1. —Listen! Who ______ in the next room? Is it Liu Dong? —No. It ______ be him. He went home just now. A. is singing, can't B. are singing, must C. sings, can't D. sang, can’t 2. There ______ an English evening last week. A. is B. will be C. was D. had 3. What time ______ her mother ______ up the day before yesterday? A. does, get B. will, get C. did, get D. is going, to get 4.(2025年江西中考真题）It ______ heavily. We are going to get all wet walking outside. A. is raining B. rains C. rained D. was raining 5.（2024·北京东城·二模）—Mary, what are you doing? —I ________ out my shopping list. A. write B. am writing C. wrote D. was writing 6. （2024·北京东城·二模）—Sam, what do you usually do to help around the house? —I ______ out the rubbish. A. take B. took C. have taken D. will take 7.（2024·北京海淀·二模）—Sally, what did you do last weekend? —I ______ a picnic in the park with my friends. It was great! A. have B. will have C. had D. have had 8. (2025年安徽中考真题）—The robots ________ each other to the finish line. —How exciting! Our robot is going to win. A. raced B. were racing C. race D. are racing 9. (2025年甘肃天水中考真题）Look! There ________ a notebook and three keys on the desk. A. is B. was C. are D. were 10.（2024·江西·中考真题）—Where is Helen? —I'm not sure. Maybe she ______ her baseball lesson. A. Had B. was having C. is having D. will have 二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。 11.—China's high - speed railway technology ______ （lead）the world now. —That's true. It has developed rapidly over the past years. 12. —Where is Mark? —He ______( practice) playing the drums. 13.The teacher told us the earth ________(travel) around the sun. 14.Tom usually _________(ride) his bike to school last year. 15.Tom will come to see you if he _______(be) free. 16.She ______(not do) her homework because she was ill. 17.—Hello. Is Alice there? —No, she isn't. She ______ (shop) at the supermarket. 18.She ______(say) that joining the English club at school was the best way to improve her English. 19. I was supposed to arrive at 7:00, but I ______ (arrive)at 8:00. 20. ---Could you help me with my English? ---Wait a moment, I _______(cook). 拓展提高（测试时间：20分钟） 语法填空 A Dear Lucy, I'm writing to you from Sanya. My family and I are here on vacation. The beach here is really beautiful and clean. It is 1. ____ (rain) these days. 2. ____ today the weather is sunny. And it is hot and dry. There are lots of people here on vacation. Look! Some people are taking photos. Some are 3. ____ (swim), and others are 4. ____ (sunbathe) on the beach. Look at these teenagers playing beach soccer. They are running barefoot (赤脚地). How cool! There is a beautiful park near the beach. People like to go for 5. ____ walk after swimming. This is a really beautiful and 6. ____ (interest) place. Everyone 7. ____ (be) having a great time here. I like here so much that I really don't want to 8. ____ (leave). What's the weather 9. ____ in Shanghai? Hope everything goes well and look forward to 10. ____ (see) you soon! Love, Li B In the State of Zheng, there was a man. He wanted to go to the town to buy a new pair of shoes. Before he 11_______ (leave) home, he measured (测量) his feet with a piece of straw (稻草) for size. After 12. _______ (arrive) at the town, he went to a shoe shop. He put 13.______ (he) hand into his pocket. But 14._____ (luck), he couldn't find the straw. Also, he 15.______ (forget) the size. Then, he turned around and started 16._____ home. 17.______ he ran back to the shoe shop with the measurement, the shop closed. In the end, he was busy 18._______ (get) nothing. Later, someone asked him, "Were you buying shoes for yourself or for others?" He answered, "For myself." Someone asked him, "Don't you have your feet on yourself? I think 19.______ you need to do is only to try on shoes with your feet. You really needn't go back home 20.________ (bring) the measurement." The man of Zheng still said, "I trust (相信) the measurement is better than my own feet." 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 语法专题 现在进行时、一般过去时（期中复习讲义） 单元 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 Unit 1-2 现在进行时 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空 情景运用 英汉翻译 写句子等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：语境化推理要求提高：时态考查逐渐摆脱单纯的语法条文背诵，而是更多通过对话、故事情节、图片场景等形式，让考生在具体语境氛围中推敲判断合适的时态，要求学生依据人物关系、场景氛围、情绪状态等来确定动词时间状态。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 4.跨题型渗透融入：在各类题型中，时态的知识运用考查正不断渗透。 5. 复合语法点综合考查：在日常测试和正式考试中，时态与被动语态的搭配，以及时态同非谓语动词的关联题目越发常见，将时态用法和主谓一致、主从复合句的时态呼应等放在一起考查的情况增多，需要学生构建起完备的语法知识体系 。 Unit3-4 一般过去时 时态 用法 标志 构成 现在进行时 现在正在进行的动作 now,look, listen等 主语+am/is/are +doing 一般过去时 表示过去时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 yesterday, last, ago等 主语 +动词的过去式 知识点01 现在进行时 一、用法 用于表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作（动作尚未结束）。如， They are watching TV now. 他们现在正在看电视。 Listen! The bird is singing in the tree. 听! 鸟儿正在树上唱歌。 二、标志词 常见的时间状语有now, at the moment等。如果句首有提示性动词look, listen等, 主句也用现在进行时。 如， Look , they are dancing happily. 三、构成形式 构成： 主语+ is/am/are + ving +--- ving的构成形式： 1）一般情况下直接加-ing，如 study – studying 2) 以辅音字母加不发音的e结尾的，去e加-ing，如，make – making. 3) 重度闭音节词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加-ing.如,swim – swimming. 四、句型转换 句型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 +am/ is / are +ving He is reads books. 否定句 主语 +isn’t/ am not/ aren’t + ving She isn’t doing her homework 一般疑问句 Am/ Is/ Are + 主语 + ving ---？ Are you playing basketball? 特殊疑问句 疑问词+ 一般疑问句？ What is she doing? 易｜错｜点｜拨 1、丢掉am/ is/ are ❌ She eating breakfast. → ✅ She is eating breakfast 2、动词加ing时，动词为辅音字母+不发音的，忘记去e ❌ I am writeing a letter. → ✅ I am writing a letter.? 3、动词加ing时，动词为重度闭音节切末尾只有一个辅音字母时，忘记双写 ❌ Look, some boys are swiming. . → ✅ Look, some boys are swimming. 解｜题｜技｜巧 1.根据标志词判断时态。 Listen, someone is singing. (Listen →现在进行时→am/is/are +ving.） 2.根据说话者的语气判断时态。 Father: Where is your mother? Son: She is cooking in the kitchen.(说话间正在进行的动作） 【即时检测】用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. —Cathy, can you answer the phone? I am cleaning (clean) the room. —I’m coming, mum. 解析：语境中妈妈因“正在打扫房间”无法接电话，强调动作此刻正在进行，用现在进行时。主语为第一人称“I”，be动词用“am”，“clean”的现在分词为“cleaning”。 2. —Mum, where is Dad? —He is planting (plant) flowers in the garden now. 解析：答句中“now”是现在进行时的标志词，表明爸爸此刻正在花园种花，动作处于进行中。主语“he”为第三人称单数，be动词用“is”，“plant”的现在分词为“planting”。 3. We’re proud that China is becoming (become) stronger and stronger these years. 解析：“these years”（这些年）提示动作从过去持续到现在且仍在进行，此处用现在进行时表“逐渐变化”的过程，体现中国持续变强的状态。主语“China”为单数，be动词用“is”，“become”的现在分词为“becoming”。 4. —Hi, Wang Ning! How’s the weather in Zibo now? —It is terrible. It is raining (rain) all the morning. 解析：“all the morning”（整个上午）强调动作从上午开始，持续到现在且可能仍在继续，用现在进行时。 5. Now Jerry is discussing (discuss) the exchange programme with his classmates in the meeting room. 解析：“Now”（现在）明确提示动作正在进行，说明杰瑞此刻正在会议室讨论项目。主语“Jerry”为第三人称单数，be动词用“is”，“discuss”的现在分词为“discussing”。 知识点02 一般过去时 一、用法与标志词 1.表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。通常与yesterday, last year, in 1976, a few months ago等 表示过去的时间状语连用。 如，I met him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上遇到他了。 2. 表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作。 通常与often, usually, seldom等表示频率的副词连用, 但这种用法是以一个过去时间为前提的。 He often went to school by bus last term. 上学期他经常乘公共汽车去上学。 二、谓语动词的构成形式： 主语+动词的过去式。过去式的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化（见不规则变化表）。 规则变化主要是加ed,具体变化如下： 1) 一般情况加ed， 如，stay - stayed 2）词尾有e的加d，如，like – liked 3）重度闭音节词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母（辅-元-辅），先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed.如， stop - stopped 4）以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i，再加-ed. 如， study - studied 三、句型转换 （注意：当谓语动词为be动词时，疑问句把be动词提前，否定句在be动词后加not。） 句型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + 动词过去式 Tom went to school yesterday. 否定句 主语 +did not (didn’t) + 动词原形 She didn’t eat breakfast. 一般疑问句 Did + 主语 +动词原形？ Did you play basketball? 特殊疑问句 疑问词+ 一般疑问句？ What did she do last Sunday? 易｜错｜点｜拨 1、一般过去时构成误解为was/were +动词 ❌ She was eat breakfast at 7:00 yesterday. → ✅ She ate breakfast at 7:00 yesterday. 2.当谓语动词为行为动词时，变疑问句和否定句误解为用was/were。 ❌ She wasn’t ate breakfast at 7:00 yesterday. → ✅ She didn’t eat breakfast at 7:00 yesterday. 3.当谓语动词为行为动词时，变疑问句和否定用了助动词did, 动词过去式要变为动词原形。 ❌ She didn't ate breakfast at 7:00 yesterday. → ✅ She didn't eat breakfast at 7:00 yesterday. 【即时检测】 1. John visited (visit) his grandma every day when she was in hospital. 解析：“when she was in hospital”表明动作发生在过去，“every day”说明是过去习惯性动作，用一般过 去时，“visit”的过去式为“visited”。 2. — I went (go) to the cinema yesterday. — It’s a pity. You didn’t invite me. 解析：“yesterday”（昨天）是一般过去时的标志性时间状语，谓语动词用过去式，“go”的过去式为“went”。 3. — A nice car! Is it yours? — No, it isn’t. I borrowed (borrow) it from a friend of mine two days ago. 解析：“two days ago”（两天前）提示动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，“borrow”的过去式为“borrowed”。 4. — When did you come (come) here? — Two days ago. 解析：答句“Two days ago”表明问句询问过去发生的动作，一般过去时的特殊疑问句结构为“疑问词+did+ 主语+动词原形”，故填“did”和“come”。 5. — Did you go to Nanhu Park a week ago? — Yes. We had (have) a good time there. 解析：问句用一般过去时询问过去的事情，答句需保持时态一致，用一般过去时，“have”的过去式为“had”。 夯实基础（测试时间：10分钟） 单项选择 1. —Excuse me, what is Nick doing? —Look! He ______ flowers outside. A. waters B. watered C. is watering D. has watered 答案：C 解析：问句用现在进行时（is doing）询问正在做的事，答句中“Look!”（看）是现在进行时的标志词，结构为“be+动词-ing”，主语He后用is，water的-ing形式为watering，故选C。 2. —Listen! Someone ______ in the music room! —It's our music teacher. A. is singing B. singing C. sings D. are singing 答案：A 解析：“Listen!”（听）提示动作正在发生，用现在进行时，结构为“be+动词-ing”。主语Someone（某人）视为单数，be动词用is，sing的-ing形式为singing，故选A。 3. —I have already finished my homework. —Really? When ______ you ______ it? A. will, finish B. did, finish C. have, finished D. do, finish 答案：B 解析：前句用现在完成时（have finished）强调“已完成”的结果，后句询问“完成作业”这一过去具体动作的时间，需用一般过去时。一般过去时的特殊疑问句结构为“疑问词+did+主语+动词原形”，故选B。 4. —Steve, what are you doing these days? —I ______ a great book. A. am reading B. read C. reds D. is reading 答案：A 解析：问句用现在进行时（are doing）询问“这些天正在做的事”，答句需保持时态一致。主语I后用am，read的-ing形式为reading，故选A。 5. My friend from America called me and we ______ for hours. A. chatted B. will chat C. have chatted D. are chatting 答案：A 解析：句中“called”（打电话）是一般过去时，and连接两个并列动作，“聊天”也发生在过去，需用一般过去时，chat的过去式为chatted，故选A。 6. —______ it often ______ in winter in your hometown? —Yes, we often make snow men. A. do, snow B. Does, snows C. Do, snows D. Does, snow 答案：D 解析：由“often”（经常）可知用一般现在时，主语it是第三人称单数，一般疑问句需用助动词Does，后面动词用原形snow，故选D。 7. Rick usually ______ up at 5:30 on weekdays. A. get B. gets C. got D. getting 答案：B 解析：“usually”（通常）和“on weekdays”（工作日）提示是习惯性动作，用一般现在时。主语Rick是第三人称单数，动词get需变第三人称单数形式gets，故选B。 8. —Why is Kate absent from class? —Oh, she ______ the meeting. A. was attending B. attended C. is attending D. attends 答案：C 解析：问句用一般现在时询问“现在缺席的原因”，答句需说明“此刻正在做的事”，用现在进行时。主语she后用is，attend的-ing形式为attending，故选C。 9. Li Ping's brother ______ lunch at the factory, didn't he? A. has B. have C. didn't have D. had 答案：D 解析：反义疑问句的后半句“didn't he”是一般过去时的否定形式，前半句需用一般过去时的肯定形式，have lunch的过去式为had lunch，故选D。 10. It's 6:40 a. m. He ______ around the park. A. runs B. ran C. is running D. will run 答案：C 解析：“It's 6:40 a. m.”（现在是早上6点40分）提示动作正在进行，用现在进行时。主语he后用is，run的-ing形式为running，故选C。 提升训练（测试时间：15分钟） 一、单项选择。 1. —Listen! Who ______ in the next room? Is it Liu Dong? —No. It ______ be him. He went home just now. A. is singing, can't B. are singing, must C. sings, can't D. sang, can’t 答案：A 解析：第一空，“Listen!”是现在进行时的标志词，强调动作正在发生，主语“who”视为单数，用“is singing”；第二空，根据“He went home just now”（他刚回家）可知，此处表否定推测，用“can't”（不可能）。 2. There ______ an English evening last week. A. is B. will be C. was D. had 答案：C 解析：“last week”（上周）是一般过去时的标志词，there be句型的过去式为“there was/were”，主语“an English evening”是单数，故用“was”。 3. What time ______ her mother ______ up the day before yesterday? A. does, get B. will, get C. did, get D. is going, to get 答案：C 解析：“the day before yesterday”（前天）是一般过去时的标志词，疑问句需借助助动词“did”，后面动词用原形“get”。 4.(2025年江西中考真题）It ______ heavily. We are going to get all wet walking outside. A. is raining B. rains C. rained D. was raining 答案：A 解析：根据后句“We are going to get all wet”（我们出去走会淋湿）可知，下雨的动作正在进行，用现在进行时“is raining”。 5.（2024·北京东城·二模）—Mary, what are you doing? —I ________ out my shopping list. A. write B. am writing C. wrote D. was writing 答案：B 解析：问句“what are you doing”用现在进行时，答句需保持时态一致，表示“正在写购物清单”，用“am writing”。 6. （2024·北京东城·二模）—Sam, what do you usually do to help around the house? —I ______ out the rubbish. A.take B. took C. have taken D. will take 答案：A 解析：“usually”（通常）是一般现在时的标志词，主语“I”是第一人称，动词用原形“take”。 7.（2024·北京海淀·二模）—Sally, what did you do last weekend? —I ______ a picnic in the park with my friends. It was great! A. have B. will have C. had D. have had 答案：C 解析：“last weekend”（上周末）是一般过去时的标志词，表示过去发生的动作，用“had”。 8. (2025年安徽中考真题）—The robots ________ each other to the finish line. —How exciting! Our robot is going to win. A. raced B. were racing C. race D. are racing 答案：D 解析：根据后句“Our robot is going to win”（我们的机器人要赢了）可知，机器人比赛的动作正在进行，用现在进行时“are racing”。 9. (2025年甘肃天水中考真题）Look! There ________ a notebook and three keys on the desk. A. is B. was C. are D. were 答案：A 解析：“Look!”是现在时态的标志词，此处描述当前桌上的物品，用一般现在时；there be句型遵循“就近原则”，靠近be动词的“a notebook”是单数，故用“is”。 10.（2024·江西·中考真题）—Where is Helen? —I'm not sure. Maybe she ______ her baseball lesson. A. Had B. was having C. is having D. will have 答案：C 解析：问句“Where is Helen?”（海伦在哪）询问当前位置，答句“Maybe”（可能）表当前正在进行的动作，用现在进行时“is having”。 二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。 11. —China's high - speed railway technology is leading （lead）the world now. —That's true. It has developed rapidly over the past years. 解析：句中“now”（现在）是现在进行时的标志词，故填，is leading 12. —Where is Mark? —He is practicing (practice) playing the drums. 解析：问句询问“马克在哪里”，强调此刻的状态，答句需用现在进行时表示正在发生的动作，结构为“be + 动词-ing”。主语“He”搭配be动词“is”，“practice”的-ing形式为“practicing”，故填“is practicing”。 13. The teacher told us the earth travels (travel) around the sun. 解析：“the earth travels around the sun”（地球绕太阳转）是客观真理，不受主句时态“told”（一般过去时）的影响，始终用一般现在时。主语“the earth”是第三人称单数，“travel”的第三人称单数形式为“travels”。 14. Tom usually rode (ride) his bike to school last year. 解析：句中“last year”（去年）是一般过去时的标志词，谓语动词需用过去式。“ride”的过去式为“rode”，故填“rode”。 15. Tom will come to see you if he is (be) free. 解析：此句是“if”引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则（主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时）。主句“will come”是一般将来时，从句主语“he”是第三人称单数，be动词用“is”。 16. She didn't do (not do) her homework because she was ill. 解析：从句“because she was ill”（因为她生病了）用一般过去时，主句时态需保持一致，也用一般过去时。否定句需借助助动词“didn't”，后面的实义动词“do”用原形，故填“didn't do”。 17. —Hello. Is Alice there? —No, she isn't. She is shopping (shop) at the supermarket. 解析：问句“Is Alice there?”（爱丽丝在吗）强调此刻状态，答句说明她此刻正在做的事，需用现在进行时。主语“She”搭配be动词“is”，“shop”的-ing形式为“shopping”，故填“is shopping”。 18. She said (say)that joining the English club at school was the best way to improve her English. 解析：从句“joining the English club... was the best way”中“was”是一般过去时，主句时态需保持一致，也用一般过去时。“say”的过去式为“said”，故填“said”。 19. I was supposed to arrive at 7:00, but I arrived (arrive) at 8:00. 解析：前半句“I was supposed to arrive”用一般过去时，描述过去的情况，后半句“but”连接并列谓语，时态需一致，也用一般过去时。“arrive”的过去式为“arrived”，故填“arrived”。 20. ---Could you help me with my English? ---Wait a moment, I am cooking (cook). 解析：根据“Wait a moment”（等一下）可知，“我”此刻正在做饭，需用现在进行时。主语“I”搭配be动词“am”，“cook”的-ing形式为“cooking”，故填“am cooking”。 拓展提高（测试时间：20分钟） 语法填空 A Dear Lucy, I'm writing to you from Sanya. My family and I are here on vacation. The beach here is really beautiful and clean. It is 1. ____ (rain) these days. 2. ____ today the weather is sunny. And it is hot and dry. There are lots of people here on vacation. Look! Some people are taking photos. Some are 3. ____ (swim), and others are 4. ____ (sunbathe) on the beach. Look at these teenagers playing beach soccer. They are running barefoot (赤脚地). How cool! There is a beautiful park near the beach. People like to go for 5. ____ walk after swimming. This is a really beautiful and 6. ____ (interest) place. Everyone 7. ____ (be) having a great time here. I like here so much that I really don't want to 8. ____ (leave). What's the weather 9. ____ in Shanghai? Hope everything goes well and look forward to 10. ____ (see) you soon! Love, Li 答案：1. rainy 2. But 3. swimming 4. sunbathing 5. a 6. interesting 7. is 8. leave 9. like 10. seeing 解析：【导语】应用文（书信）。李（信中未明确名字，推测是写信人）在三亚度假，介绍了当地天气、 人们的活动，觉得三亚美丽有趣，自己玩得很开心，还询问上海天气，期待尽快见到露西。 1.“is”后接形容词作表语，“rain”的形容词形式“rainy”表示“多雨的”，所以填“rainy”。 2.前文说这些天多雨，后文说今天晴天，存在转折关系，所以填“But”。 3、4.根据“Look!”以及前面的“are”，可知用现在进行时，“swim”的现在分词是“swimming”，“sunbathe”的现 在分词是“sunbathing”。 5.“go for a walk”是固定短语，意为“去散步”，所以填“a”。 6.修饰“place”用形容词，“interest”的形容词形式“interesting”表示“有趣的”，所以填“interesting”。 7.“Everyone”作主语，谓语动词用单数，所以填“is”。 8.“want to do sth.”是固定用法，意为“想要做某事”，所以填“leave”。 9.“What's the weather like...?”是询问天气的固定句型，所以填“like”。 10.“look forward to doing sth.”是固定短语，意为“期待做某事”，所以填“seeing”。 B In the State of Zheng, there was a man. He wanted to go to the town to buy a new pair of shoes. Before he 11_______ (leave) home, he measured (测量) his feet with a piece of straw (稻草) for size. After 12. _______ (arrive) at the town, he went to a shoe shop. He put 13.______ (he) hand into his pocket. But 14._____ (luck), he couldn't find the straw. Also, he 15.______ (forget) the size. Then, he turned around and started 16._____ home. 17.______ he ran back to the shoe shop with the measurement, the shop closed. In the end, he was busy 18._______ (get) nothing. Later, someone asked him, "Were you buying shoes for yourself or for others?" He answered, "For myself." Someone asked him, "Don't you have your feet on yourself? I think 19.______ you need to do is only to try on shoes with your feet. You really needn't go back home 20.________ (bring) the measurement." The man of Zheng still said, "I trust (相信) the measurement is better than my own feet." 答案:11. left 12. arriving 13. his 14. unluckily 15. forgot 16. for 17. When 18. getting 19. what 20. to bring 解析:【导语】寓言故事。郑国有个人买鞋，出门前用稻草量了脚的尺寸。到镇上鞋店后，他找不到稻草， 也忘了尺寸，于是回家取。等他带着尺寸返回时，鞋店已经关门了，最终忙乎一阵却没买到鞋。别人劝他 用脚试鞋，他却坚信尺寸比自己的脚可靠。 11.根据上下文，这里讲述的是过去的事情，要用一般过去时，“leave”的过去式是“left”。 12.“after”是介词，后接动词 - ing形式，所以填“arriving”。 13,。修饰名词“hand”，要用形容词性物主代词，“he”的形容词性物主代词是“his”。 14.根据“he couldn't find the straw”可知是“不幸地”，用副词“unluckily”修饰整个句子。 15.同样是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，“forget”的过去式是“forgot”。 16.“start for + 地点”表示“动身去某地”，所以填“for”。 17.“When”引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”，符合“当他带着尺码跑回鞋店时，店已经关了”的语境。 18.“be busy doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“忙于做某事”，所以填“getting”。 19.“what”引导宾语从句，在从句中作“do”的宾语，意为“你需要做的事情”。 20.此处用动词不定式“to bring”作目的状语，表示“回家去取尺码”。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $