2025年江苏省中职英语二轮复习定语从句课件

定语从句 Attributive clause 1. She is a beautiful girl. (形容词作前置定语) 她是一个漂亮的女孩。 2. His brother is a student.(代词作前置定语) 他的哥哥是一名学生。 3. She is a girl called Mary. (分词短语作后置定语) 她是一个名叫Mary的女孩。 4. The boy in the classroom is Tom.(介词作后置定语) 教室里的男孩是Tom。 定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。 修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。 his desk Tom’s father a beautiful city three teachers women teachers in the room above a developing country a developed country There is nothing to do today. an article about how to learn English a city which is beautiful 物主代词 形容词 名词 现在分词 过去分词 不定式 介词短语 从句 名词所有格 数词 副词 e.g I like the shoes my mom bought for me. 主语 谓语 宾语 定语从句 定语是一句话，修饰宾语the shoes，所以这句话是定语从句。 1 定语从句概念 什么是定语从句： 什么是先行词： 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词（在非限制性定语从句中也可指整个主句 ）。 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句。 定语从句种类： 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 分 类 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 删掉整句话句意不明确。 Do you know the girl who just passed by？ 你认识刚刚经过的那个女孩子吗？ 前有逗号，删掉后不影响整句话句意。 His mother, who is a teacher, is watching TV. 他的妈妈，一名老师，现在在看电视。 基本结构 先行词+ 关系词+定语从句 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词。 关系词： 引导定语从句的词。 She is a good actor who/that works very hard. 她是一个工作非常努力的好演员。 先行词 关系词 定语从句 关系词 关系 代词 关系 副词 that/who/whom that/which whose when where why 人（主/宾） 物（主/宾） 人/物：……的（定） = 介词+which 常用关系词： (状语) 连接作用，连接主从句； 指代先行词，甚至整个主句； 在从句中充当句子成分。 关系词的作用： Zhong Nanshan is a famous expert who is working against the novel coronavirus at the front line. 主语 2.关系代词引导的定语从句 1. who指人，在从句中做主语 1)The boys ____are playing soccer are from Class 1. 2)Yesterday I helped an old man ____lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，在口语和 非正式语体中常用who代替，常可省略。 Mr. Liu is the person _____________you talked about. 2) The man ______________you met just now is my friend. (whom/who) who/whom who who 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语， 做宾语时可省略 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom； 指物时，相当于which。 在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 1) The people __________come to visit the city are all here. (做主语) 2) Where is the man __________________I saw this morning? (做宾语) 做主语 做宾语 that/who that/whom/who 小结： that:既可指人,也可指物. 作主语, 不能省略； 作宾语, 可以省略。 which:指物,作主语,不能省略;作宾语,可以省略. who－ 指人，作主语，不能省略； 作宾语，可以省略,（常用whom） 注: 当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句 的谓语动词形式由先行词定. 1)I’m reading a book that/which __about Bill Gates. 2) He is a teacher who/ that________ us Chinese. 3)The boys who ___playing soccer are from Class 1. 5. whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语 (1) He has a friend _______father is a doctor. (2) I once lived in a house_______ roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 is teaches are whose whose 四. 修饰物体时关系代词that和 which的区分 (一)不用that的情况 1. 在引导非限定性定语从句时。 1)The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. (___) 2)The tree, which is four hundred years old, is very famous here. (____) 2. 介词后不能用。 1) We depend on the land from ______we get our food. 2) We depend on the land _____________we get our food from. 对 which that/which 错 (二) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况 1.当先行词是everything, anything, nothing (something 外), all, none, few, little, some 等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some,no, little, few, much等代词修饰时。 如： 1)Have you taken down everything ___ Mr. Li said?   李老师讲的你都记下来吗？ 2) All ____ can be done has been done.   所有能做的都做好了。 3) There is little _____I can do for you.   我不能为你干什么。 that that that  注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代who，如： 1) Any man __________ has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing.   任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 2)All the guests___________ were invited to her  wedding were important people.   所有应邀来参加她婚礼的客人都是重要人物。 that / who  that / who 2．当先行词被序数词修饰时。如： The first place ______ they visited in London was  the Big Ben.   在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。 3．当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如： This is the best film______ I have ever seen.   这是我看过的最好的电影。 that  that that that who 4．当先行词被the very, the only , the last修饰时。 1)This is the very dictionary ____ I want to buy.   这正是我要买的词典。 2)After the fire in his house, the old car is the only  thing _____ he owns.  家里发生了火灾过后，那辆旧车成了他的唯一拥有。 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。 Wang Hua is the only person in our school ______ will attend the meeting.  王华是我校唯一出席会议的人。 5．当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如： 1)Who is the man_____ is standing by the gate?   站在门口的那个人是谁？ 2)Which is the T-shirt ______ fits me most?   哪件T恤衫最合我的身？ 6．当先行词为人与物时。如： 1)They talked about the persons and things ________ they  remembered at school   他们谈论着他们所能记起的在校时的人和事。 2)Look at the man and his donkey ______ are walking up the  street.　 瞧瞧那个沿街走来的人和他的 毛驴。　  that that that that Exercise 1. I have a friend ________ likes listening to classical music. who/that 3. The man ______ leg broke in a match used to be a football player. 2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress __________ I gave her. which/that whose 4. My parents live in a house__________ is more than 100 years old. 5. The boy with _______ John spoke is my brother. which/that whom 6. Kevin is reading a book __________ is too difficult for him. which/that 7. Is there anything ________ you want to buy in the town. 8.All ______ we can do is to study hard. 9. The first one _____ stands up is a little boy. that that that Exercise 1 :用关系代词填空 The boy ____________ is playing ping-pong is my classmate. The e-mail ___________ I received yesterday was from my sister. I hate people ______________ talk much but do little. The car _____________ my father bought last month is very beautiful. who / that which/ that who / that which / that 5. The man ______ hair is white is his grandfather. 6. Is there a student _________ father is a business man? 7. This is the house in ________ we have lived for 10 years. 8.I’ve never heard of the people and things ________ you talked about just now. whose whose which that 当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that. Exercise 2. My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things ______ they couldn’t remember. Say all ________ you know. Is there anything ______ I can do for you? that that that 当先行词是something, anything, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用that. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语用来 表示地点的定语从句。 1) Shanghai is the city _______I was born. => Shanghai is the city _______was born in. 2) The house _______I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. The house_______ I lived in ten years ago has been pulled down. 3、关系副词引导定语从句 关系副词：where, when, why在句中作状语。 where which where which 2. when引导定语从句表示时间,在定语从句中做时间状语 也可做连接词用 . I still remember the day _____I first came to the school. 2) The time ______we got together finally came. 3. why指原因 在定语从句中做原因状语 (1) Please tell me the reason ______you missed the plane. (2) I don’t know the reason ________he looks unhappy today. when when why why 4. 关系副词when, where和 关系代词that, which的区分 同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用where，有时使用that/which；同样是修饰一个时间，有时使用when， 有时使用that/which。 这主要看两点： 一是定语从句是否完整； 二是定语从句中的谓语动词是否是一个及物动词。请比较以下句子： 1)This is the park______ we visited last year. 2)This is the park ______we held a birthday party. 3)She won’t forget the days _____she spent on the island. 4)She won’t forget the days_______ they stayed together. 5)That’s the date _______we went to the college. 6)That’s the date _____she won’t forget for ever. 7)I like the time ______we lived together. 8)I like the time ______we had together. that where that when when that when that 2. 关系副词when, where, why 和“介词+which”之间的关系。 关系副词when, where, why可以用“适当的介词+which”来替代。 如：when=in/on/at…+which, where=in/on/at…+which, why=for+which 介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。 (1) The reason _______________he refused the invitation is not clear, (2) From the year ________________he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up. (3)This is the room _______________I lived. = This is the room __________I lived in. (4)Tom still remembers the days ______________　they lived in Tianjin. Why( ) when ( ) where ( ) in which in which for which which when (　　　　) in which 注意： 1）介词后面的关系代词不能省略。 2）that前不能有介词。 3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副when ,where和why 互换。 1) This is the house _________I lived two years ago. =>This is the house where I lived two years ago. 2) Do you remember the day ＿＿＿＿＿you joined our club? =>Do you remember the day when you joined our club? 3) This is the reason why he came late. =>This is the reason ____________he came late. in which on which for which Exercise 1.October 1,1949 is the day _____ the PRC was founded. which B. when C. that D. on that 2.Is that the reason _____ you are for the plan. A. which B. what C. why D. for that 3. Is this the place ______ you were born? A. which B.where C.what D.that 4. Is this the place ______ you were born? A. which B.where C.what D.that 5. Is this the place ______ some German friends visited last year? A. which B.where C.what D. why 6.The house _______ the famous writer wrote his works is a museum now. A. which B.where C.what D.that 7.The house _______ the famous writer bought many years ago is a museum now. A. that B.where C.what D. why 8.He told her the reason____ he is unhappy, but she doesn’t believe the reason ______ he gives her. A. why; why B. why; which C. that; why D. which; why 由Who 引导的定语从句，在句中做主语\ 宾语 1、Do you know the man ___ is talking with your father? A. whose B. who C. which 2、The boys ___ the teacher talked to are from Class One. A. when B. which C. who 3、Those ___ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. A. who B. which C. whom 4. The gentleman ___ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. A. who B. about whom C. whom 5. The doctor ___ you are looking for is in the room. A. whom B. what C. which 6. The teacher for ____ you are waiting has come. A. who B. whom C. that 由Whom 引导的定语从句，在句中做宾语 介词提前时只能用 whom 7. A child ___ parents are dead is called an orphan. A. which B. his C. whose 8. This book is for the students ___ native(本国的) language is not English. A. that B. of whom C. whose 9. The boy ___ composition won the first prize is the youngest in the group. A. who B. whose C. that 由Whose 引导的定语从句, 在句中做定语 10、He prefers to eat the rice ___ in the south. A. who is grown B. which is grown C. when is grown 11、 The knife ___ I cut the apple with can’t be found. A. which B. who C. what 12、The room in ___ there are many books is mine. A. that B. who C. which 13、This is the pen ____ he bought yesterday. A. which B. who C. when 由Which 引导的定语从句，在句中做主语\ 宾语 介词提前时只能用 which that 14. All _____ is needed is a supply of oil. A. which B. that C. what 15. Finally, the thief handed everything ____ he had stolen to the police. A. which B. what C. that 先行词是不定代词 all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything只能用that引导 一.Fill in the blanks with suitable relative pronouns and adverbs. 1. This is the only book ____ I got last year. 2. Is this the book in ______ you are interested? 3. This is the largest animal ____ Tom saw in the zoo. 4. Rose still remembers the trees and teachers____ exist (存在)in the mother school. 5. All the desks ____ are bought look really wonderful. that which that that that 6. Do you have any money ____is used to build the factory? 7. Tom has a toy, ______ was given by his father. 8. This is the second watch ____ my father bought for me. 9. Is this the room ____ you cleaned last time? 10. Is this the room ______ we lived before? 11. This is the garden _____ they stayed for a night. that which that that which where where 12. This is the garden ____ they visited last time. 13. Tom has forgotten the day ____ he left his home. 14. Tom has forgotten the day ____ I told him last day. 15. She still remembers the year ____ she found her first job. 16. She still remembers the year ____ she spent in Jining. that that when that when 17. Is this the room _____ we spent our childhood? 18. This dictionary is the second one _____ I bought in the shop. 19. I still remember the date _____ I went to Nanjing for the first time. 20. Tom is thinking about the grass and the persons ____ he saw in the yard. 21. There are 100 old men in the street, some of ____are drinking tea. where that that when whom 22. Do you know the days _____ you spent on English? 23. All the books ____are on the shelf belong to Mary. 24. Are you satisfied with the park ____ you visited last time? 25. ______ we all know, the building will soon be destroyed. 26. I have the same book _____ she has. that that that Which that $