Unit 5 What's the highest mountain in the world？形容词副词比较级最高级和大数的运用（单元核心语法精练）英语鲁教版五四学制八年级上册

Unit 5 What's the highest mountain in the world？ 核心语法精练（形容词副词比较级最高级和大数的运用） 目录 A考点概览·知识回顾 1 B考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单项选择 3 二、完成句子 6 C综合攻坚·能力跃升 8 题型 短文填空 8 形容词副词比较级最高级和大数的运用 ►►►1.形容词副词比较级最高级构成 1.规则变化 (1)一般单音节词末尾加_________________. hard→ _________→_________ (2)以不发音的e结尾的单音节词加_________________, nice→_________→_________; wide→_________→_________ 1) 以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节单词，先_________________,再_________________ early→_________→_________ (1) 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词，_________________再_________________ red →_________→_________ 5) 部分双音节词或多音节词在原级前加_________________ 6) interesting →__________________ → __________________ 2.不规则变化，需牢记 good →_________→_________ bad/ill→_________→ _________ little →_________→_________ ►►►2.形容词副词的同级比较（复习） ►►►3.形容词副词的比较级运用 1、 比较级的运用 1)__________________“A比B更…” Jim_________________ Geoffrey. 吉姆比杰弗里年龄大。 2)__________________，“越….,越…”, _______________ you study,________________ grades you will get.你学习越努力，取得的成绩就会越好。 3)比较级+___________________________“比其他任何的….都…” The Nile____________________ in the world.尼罗河比世界上其他的河流都要长。 2、 最高级的运用 (1)_________(最…) ________________________________.春天是一年中最好的季节。 (2)“_________+最高级+可数名词___________（单/复）数+in/of”, …是最…的之一 Beijing___________________________ in China.北京是中国最大的城市之一。 3)the+_________+最高级+名词_________（单/复）数，表示“第几……的……” The Yellow River______________________ in China.黄河是中国第二长的河流。 【注意】最高级前有物主代词时，_________(加/不加)the。 Wu Fen ________________________. 吴芬是我最好的朋友。 ►►►4.大数的读法 将每三位数看做一个单位，自右向左依次为_________千，_________百万，_________十亿。 每个单位按百、十、个位向右读。其中百位到十位之间要加_________。 12,345 一万二千三百四十五 10,000,000 一千万 ►►►5.大数的运用 1.表示确切的数量直接用_________(基数/序数)词 The ________of the town is _____________________________.这个小镇的人口是一万二千三百四十五。 The movie earned ________________ dollars.这部电影赚了一千万美元。 2.表示不确切的数量，用hundred、thousand、million、billion等_______（单/复）数再搭配介词______。 ____________students are playing on the playground. This book has sold ____________copies.这本书卖出了几百本。 ____________ people gathered in the square.成千上万的人聚集在广场上。 【总结】中英文大数对照表 数字 中文读法 英文读法 10,000 一万 100,000 十万 1,000,000 一百万 10,000,000 一千万 100,000,000 一亿 一、单项选择 1．________ books you read, ________ knowledge you’ll learn. A．The much; the more B．The more; the most C．The more; the more 2．Nowadays, ________ farmers leave their hometown to search for work in cities. A．million of B．two millions C．millions of D．two millions of 3．Many ________ students have joined in this speech competition, and I guess more than two ________ students in our school are included. A．hundred of; hundreds B．hundreds of; hundreds C．hundred of; hundred D．hundreds of; hundred 4．Lucy’s father tells her that the ________ she tries, the more she gets. A．hard B．harder C．hardest 5．—Who’s the coolest kid in Chinese mythology (神话)? —Ne Zha, I think. Ne Zha 2 during this year’s Spring Festival was more popular than ________ movie in Chinese history. A．any other B．the other C．others 6．The ________ we do for other people, the ________ we will be. A．less; happier B．more; happier C．much; happy D．least; happiest 7．________ you are independent, ________ it is for your future. A．The earlier; the better B．The early; the good C．Earlier; better 8．That country has ______. A．a small population B．a little population C．much population D．many populations 9．Beijing is one of ________ cities in the world. A．biggest B．bigger C．the biggest D．big 10．—I’d like to buy a dress as my mum’s birthday gift. Could you give me advice? —Why not buy one online? It can be ________. A．expensive B．less expensive C．more expensive D．the most expensive 二、完成句子 11．她做作业比我细心多了。 She does homework much ____ ____ than I do. 12．他认为，越努力就会越幸运。 He thinks that the harder he works, ____ he will be. 13．Tom现在常常微笑面对同学们。他知道微笑是世界上最有用的方法之一。 Now Tom often smiles at his classmates. He knows smiling is one of in the world. 14．Jason is the tallest student in his class. (同义句转换) Jason is any other student in his class. 15．China is among the most scenic countries in the world.（保持句意基本不变） China is the most scenic countries in the world. 16．He is so young that he can’t take care of himself. He is young take care of himself. 17．The old man lived in the countryside for over five years. The old man lived in the countryside for five years. 18．玛丽和她妈妈跳得一样高。 Mary jumps high her mother. 19．The lake is about 20 meters deep. (对划线部分提问) is the lake? 20．Poyang Lake is the biggest freshwater lake in China.   (对画线部分提问) the biggest freshwater lake in China? 题型 短文填空 阅读短文，用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、正确。 Do you know the largest natural park in China? It is Sanjiangyuan National Park on the Qinghai­Xizang Plateau (青藏高原). “Sanjiangyuan” means the source (源头) of China’s three great rivers: the Yangtze River, Yellow River and Lancang River.The Yangtze River is the 21 (long) of the three. Sanjiangyuan is known as the Water Tower of China or even Asia. There are lots of rivers, lakes, and wetlands. People living around all depend on its rich natural resources (资源). It is as 22 (important) as our life. However, with the global (全球的) warming and human’s activities, the place was once in great danger. Life there was also much 23 (difficult) for both animals and humans than that in other places. To stop things from getting 24 (bad), our government has taken many ways, for example, building Sanjiangyuan National Park. Now, people there are living in peace with animals and nature. Our country is trying its best to make Sanjiangyuan National Park one of the 25 (famous) parks all over the world. I believe in the future the park will be a window to show Chinese natural beauty to the outside. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 What's the highest mountain in the world？ 核心语法精练（形容词副词比较级最高级和大数的运用） 目录 A考点概览·知识回顾 1 B考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单项选择 3 二、完成句子 6 C综合攻坚·能力跃升 8 题型 短文填空 8 形容词副词比较级最高级和大数的运用 ►►►1.形容词副词比较级最高级构成 1.规则变化 (1)一般单音节词末尾加-er,-est. hard→ harder→hardest (2)以不发音的e结尾的单音节词加-r,-st, nice→nicer →nicest; wide→wider→widest 1) 以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节单词，先把y变为i,再加-er,-est early→earlier→earliest (1) 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词，双写末尾字母再加-er,-est red →redder →reddest 5)部分双音节词或多音节词在原级前加more,most interesting →more interesting → most interesting 2.不规则变化，需牢记 good →better →best bad/ill→worse → worst little →less →least ►►►2.形容词副词的同级比较（复习） ►►►3.形容词副词的比较级运用 1、 比较级的运用 1)A+比较级+than+B“A比B更…” Jim is older than Geoffrey. 吉姆比杰弗里年龄大。 2)the+比较级，the+比较级，“越….,越…”, The harder you study,the better grades you will get.你学习越努力，取得的成绩就会越好。 3)比较级+than any other+单数名词(表最高级)“比其他任何的….都…” The Nile is longer than the other rivers in the world.尼罗河比世界上其他的河流都要长。 2、 最高级的运用 (1)The+最高级+of (in)(最…) Spring is the best season of the year.春天是一年中最好的季节。 (2)“one of the+最高级+可数名词复数+in/of”, …是最…的之一 Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China.北京是中国最大的城市之一。 3)the+序数词+最高级+名词单数，表示“第几……的……” The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长的河流。 【注意】最高级前有物主代词时，不再加the。 Wu Fen is my best friend. 吴芬是我最好的朋友。 ►►►4.大数的读法 将每三位数看做一个单位，自右向左依次为thousand千，million百万，billion十亿。 每个单位按百、十、个位向右读。其中百位到十位之间要加入and。 12,345 一万二千三百四十五 10,000,000 一千万 ►►►5.大数的运用 1.表示确切的数量直接用基数词 The population of the town is twelve thousand three hundred forty-five.这个小镇的人口是一万二千三百四十五。 The movie earned ten million dollars.这部电影赚了一千万美元。 2.表示不确切的数量，用hundred、thousand、million、billion等复数再搭配介词of。 Hundreds of students are playing on the playground. This book has sold hundreds of copies.这本书卖出了几百本。 Thousands of people gathered in the square.成千上万的人聚集在广场上。 【总结】中英文大数对照表 数字 中文读法 英文读法 10,000 一万 ten thousand 100,000 十万 one hundred thousand 1,000,000 一百万 one million 10,000,000 一千万 ten million 100,000,000 一亿 one hundred million 一、单项选择 1．________ books you read, ________ knowledge you’ll learn. A．The much; the more B．The more; the most C．The more; the more 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你读的书越多，你学到的知识就越多 。 考查比较级的固定句型。“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”表示“越……，就越……”。much的比较级是more，故选C。 2．Nowadays, ________ farmers leave their hometown to search for work in cities. A．million of B．two millions C．millions of D．two millions of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如今，成千上万的农民离开家乡去城里寻找工作。 考查数词。million前面有具体数字或a few/several等修饰时，词尾一般不加-s，表示确指概念；当前面没有具体数字，词尾要加-s，且与of连用。故选C。 3．Many ________ students have joined in this speech competition, and I guess more than two ________ students in our school are included. A．hundred of; hundreds B．hundreds of; hundreds C．hundred of; hundred D．hundreds of; hundred 【答案】D 【详解】句意：许多学生参加了这次演讲比赛，我猜我们学校有超过两百名学生参与其中。 考查数词用法。根据英文表达可知，“hundreds of”表示“数百的”，用于泛指大量，此时“hundred”必须加“s”且后接“of”；“two hundred”表示具体数字“两百”，此时“hundred”不加“s”且直接修饰名词。第一空泛指“许多学生”，用“hundreds of”；第二空为具体数字“两百”，用“hundred”。故选D。 4．Lucy’s father tells her that the ________ she tries, the more she gets. A．hard B．harder C．hardest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Lucy的父亲告诉她，她越努力，得到的就越多。 考查副词比较级。hard努力，原级；harder更努力，比较级；hardest最努力，最高级。根据“the...she tries, the more she gets”可知，句子结构为“the+比较级..., the+比较级”，意为“越……，就越……”，此处应用harder。故选B。 5．—Who’s the coolest kid in Chinese mythology (神话)? —Ne Zha, I think. Ne Zha 2 during this year’s Spring Festival was more popular than ________ movie in Chinese history. A．any other B．the other C．others 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——中国神话里最酷的孩子是谁？——我认为是哪吒。今年春节期间的《哪吒2》比中国历史上其他任何一部电影都更受欢迎。 考查不定代词辨析。any other其他任何一个，后接单数名词；the other两者中的另一个；others其他的人或物，后面不能再接名词。 此处是将《哪吒2》与中国历史上的其他电影作比较，属于同一范围内的比较，且空格后为单数名词“movie”，所以应用“any other”，故选A。 6．The ________ we do for other people, the ________ we will be. A．less; happier B．more; happier C．much; happy D．least; happiest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们为别人做的事越多，我们就会越快乐。 考查比较级的固定结构。less更少；happier更高兴的；more更多；much非常；happy快乐的；least最少的；happiest最幸福的。分析句子结构可知，此处考查“the +比较级，the +比较级”句型，意为“越……，就越……”，表示两个事物之间的比例关系；选项C (much; happy)和D (least; happiest)不符合“the+比较级”的语法结构，排除这两项；选项A (less; happier) 和选项B (more; happier) 都符合“the+比较级”的语法结构。然而，根据“我们为别人做的事”与“我们的快乐”之间的逻辑关系，“为他人做得越少，就越快乐”不符合积极正面的常理和语境，因此，排除A。故选B。 7．________ you are independent, ________ it is for your future. A．The earlier; the better B．The early; the good C．Earlier; better 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你越早独立，对你的未来就越好。 考查固定用法。“the+比较级...，the+比较级...”表示“越……就越……”，固定搭配。故选A。 8．That country has ______. A．a small population B．a little population C．much population D．many populations 【答案】A 【详解】句意：那个国家人口少。 考查population的用法。a small population人口少；a little population表述错误；much population表述错误；many populations表述错误。“population”是不可数名词，表示人口“多”用“a large/big population”，表示人口“少”用“a small population”。故选A。 9．Beijing is one of ________ cities in the world. A．biggest B．bigger C．the biggest D．big 【答案】C 【详解】句意：北京是世界上最大的城市之一。 考查形容词辨析。biggest最大的；bigger更大的；the biggest最大的；big大的。“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”是固定结构，意为“……中最……之一”。句中“in the world”表示范围，因此需要用形容词最高级形式，且最高级前必须加定冠词“the”。故选C。 10．—I’d like to buy a dress as my mum’s birthday gift. Could you give me advice? —Why not buy one online? It can be ________. A．expensive B．less expensive C．more expensive D．the most expensive 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想买一条裙子作为妈妈的生日礼物。你能给我一些建议吗？——为什么不在网上买呢？它可能会更便宜。   考查形容词比较级。expensive昂贵的；less expensive更便宜的；more expensive更贵的；the most expensive最贵的。根据“Why not buy one online”，提议在网上买连衣裙，通常网上购物相对实体店有价格优势，是更便宜。故选B。 二、完成句子 11．她做作业比我细心多了。 She does homework much than I do. 【答案】 more carefully 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“细心多了”的英文。does“做”为动词，需副词修饰。carefully“认真地”符合句意。根据“than”可知，空处需比较级，carefully的比较级为more carefully。故填more；carefully。 12．他认为，越努力就会越幸运。 He thinks that the harder he works, he will be. 【答案】the luckier 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“越幸运”。此处为“the+比较级..., the+比较级...”的固定句型，表示“越……就越……”，lucky“幸运”，比较级为luckier。故填the luckier。 13．Tom现在常常微笑面对同学们。他知道微笑是世界上最有用的方法之一。 Now Tom often smiles at his classmates. He knows smiling is one of in the world. 【答案】 the most useful ways/methods 【详解】此处是结构one of the+最高级+名词复数“最……的……之一”；有用的：useful，最高级是most useful；方法：way/method，用名词复数。故填the；most；useful；ways/methods。 14．Jason is the tallest student in his class. (同义句转换) Jason is any other student in his class. 【答案】 taller than 【详解】句意：杰森是班上最高的学生。原句用最高级 (the tallest) 直接说明“他是最高的”，可以转换为比较级：他比其他任何学生都高；tall的比较级为taller，than“比”，引出比较的第二部分。故填taller；than。 15．China is among the most scenic countries in the world.（保持句意基本不变） China is the most scenic countries in the world. 【答案】one of 【详解】句意：中国是世界上风景最美的国家之一。one of可以替代among，表示“……之一”。故填one of。 16．He is so young that he can’t take care of himself. He is young take care of himself. 【答案】 too to 【详解】句意：他太年幼了，以至于不能照顾好他自己。根据“He is...young...take care of himself.”可知，设空处可用too...to...“太……以至于不能……”替换so...that...，too后接形容词，to后接动词原形。故填too；to。 17．The old man lived in the countryside for over five years. The old man lived in the countryside for five years. 【答案】 more than 【详解】句意：这位老人在乡下住了五年多。对照句子，over five years“五年多”也可以表达为more than five years。故填more；than。 18．玛丽和她妈妈跳得一样高。 Mary jumps high her mother. 【答案】 as as 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，横线处缺少“和……一样”的英文表述，as…as…意为“和……一样”，之间要用形容词或副词的原级。故填as；as。 19．The lake is about 20 meters deep. (对划线部分提问) is the lake? 【答案】How deep 【详解】句意：这个湖大约有20米深。划线部分“20 meters deep”指深度，对深度进行提问用特殊疑问词how deep，句首单词首字母大写。故填How deep。 20．Poyang Lake is the biggest freshwater lake in China.   (对画线部分提问) the biggest freshwater lake in China? 【答案】What is 【详解】句意：鄱阳湖是中国最大的淡水湖。划线部分是“Poyang Lake”，对物提问用疑问词what “什么”，后跟一般疑问句，将be动词is提前。故填What is。 题型 短文填空 阅读短文，用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、正确。 Do you know the largest natural park in China? It is Sanjiangyuan National Park on the Qinghai­Xizang Plateau (青藏高原). “Sanjiangyuan” means the source (源头) of China’s three great rivers: the Yangtze River, Yellow River and Lancang River.The Yangtze River is the 21 (long) of the three. Sanjiangyuan is known as the Water Tower of China or even Asia. There are lots of rivers, lakes, and wetlands. People living around all depend on its rich natural resources (资源). It is as 22 (important) as our life. However, with the global (全球的) warming and human’s activities, the place was once in great danger. Life there was also much 23 (difficult) for both animals and humans than that in other places. To stop things from getting 24 (bad), our government has taken many ways, for example, building Sanjiangyuan National Park. Now, people there are living in peace with animals and nature. Our country is trying its best to make Sanjiangyuan National Park one of the 25 (famous) parks all over the world. I believe in the future the park will be a window to show Chinese natural beauty to the outside. 【答案】 21．longest 22．important 23．more difficult 24．worse 25．most famous 【导语】 本文主要介绍三江源国家公园。 21．句意：长江是三条河流中最长的。根据“The Yangtze River is the...of the three.”可知，三者的比较，且空前有the，所以用最高级，故填longest。 22．句意：它和我们的生命一样重要。此处在句中作表语，用于as...as结构中，使用形容词原级，故填important。 23．句意：对动物和人类来说，那里的生活也比其他地方困难得多。根据“than”可知，此处用形容词比较级作表语，故填more difficult。 24．句意：为了阻止事情变得更糟，我们的政府已经采取了很多方法，例如，建立三江源国家公园。根据“To stop things from getting...”可知，此处暗含比较含义，为了阻止事情变得更糟，故填worse。 25．句意：我国正在尽最大努力使三江源国家公园成为世界上最著名的公园之一。此处是“one of the+最高级+名词复数”结构，故填most famous。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $