Unit 1 Period 4 Reading for Writing（分层作业）英语人教版2019必修第二册

Unit 1 Period 4 Reading for Writing分层练习 1 一、根据首字母拼写单词 1 二、单句语法填空 2 2 一、句型转换 2 二、语法填空 3 3 一、阅读理解 3 二、七选五 5 三、书面表达 6 6 一、写作素材积累 6 二、写作素材检测 8 一、根据首字母拼写单词 1．A person’s personality has a biological basis, and can be i from babies only a few months old. 2．Mogao Caves were a key stop along the Silk Road t China’s ancient history. 3．His shy personality c sharply with his sister’s outgoing character in their school days. 4．In c to other electric vehicle, Xiaomi SU7 has attracted much more attention. 5．In her writing task, she q a great line from Shakespeare’s play. 6．I’ll investigate f how the accident happened as long as I have time. (deeper) 7．It is a golden o that you can’t miss! 8．This is a Chinese t , passing down from generation to generation. 二、单句语法填空 1. With such (create) ideas, Einstein helped the human race understand the universe better. 2. No one enjoys working with the person we are often laughed at by. 3. Water from the dam would likely destroy cultural relics were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage. 4. The long-term natural forces, like wind and water, can gradually wear down heritage sites while natural disasters can lead the destruction of them. 5. If you are interested, please send your (apply) form to the Drama Club before December 25th. 6. You should take part at least one club activity to enrich your after-school life and develop various skills. 7. These announcements, as symbols of love and individuality, remind us that some traditions are worth (preserve). 8. (promote) healthy eating habits, the hospitals launched educational campaigns, distributing free nutrition guides in communities. 9. In recent years, more and more young people pay attention to the protection of cultural (heritage). 10. You can’t imagine the great difficulty I had (balance) my schoolwork and leisure time. 一、句型转换 1．The ancient town has a unique atmosphere. In the atmosphere, people can experience the traditional culture deeply.（用定语从句合并句子） 2．We explored a historical museum. We learned about ancient objects and Chinese dynasties there. (用定语从句改写) 3．The house where they lived ten years ago has been rebuilt. (把定语从句改写成简单句) 4．Earlier risers are less likely to get depressed. The reason seems to be linked to getting more light exposure during the day.（why 引导的限制性定语从句） 5．Cathy finds an interesting novel. The novel tells a very inspiring story.（which/that引导的限制性定语从句） 6．Ken is a man. I respect his opinion.（whose引导的限制性定语从句） 7．We cleaned the park on weekends. We had great fun during this time. (用“介词+非限制性定语从句”句式改写句子) 二、语法填空 Many people in China possess a personal name seal (印章). To them, seals are an art of deep cultural roots, which combines calligraphy 1 sculptural art. It is believed that seals came out when our ancestors had private property. At that time, people were assumed to make marks on their own possessions 2 (prevent) theft. When the first dynasty 3 (establish), the emperor began to use seals to show his emperorship. The first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang, had his “xi” 4 (make) out of the invaluable and beautiful jade “He Shi Bi”. Then followed the local governments who needed seals for similar function. Thus, private seals were carved in different lucky characters and animal patterns. Gradually, the sphragistics (印章学) came into 5 (be). Now, many collector’s favourites are of that kind. The glory time of seal history was during the Ming and Qing dynasties. One noted seal sculptor was He Zhen of the late Ming dynasty, whose works 6 (great) influenced the sculptors of the Qing dynasty. He used the carving knife steadily and neatly, and the curves of each character were quite clear and 7 (harmony). Seal carving also requires choice materials like metal, jade, pottery, bamboo and stones. A good material should be smooth and cool at first but warm after 8 second. When cut, it should have certain 9 (flexible). There are various stones used for seal cutting, among 10 Qingtian stone, Tianhuang stone, and chicken-blood stone are all first-class. 一、阅读理解 Shortly after dawn, the 680-year-old Lion Grove Garden wakes up to the sound of chirping birds and its moist air is suffused with a floral scent. When a group of monks during the Yuan Dynasty first built this garden, they may have just wanted to enjoy a quiet retreat, tucked away from urban noise. Nonetheless, in the following centuries, this enchanting garden, most notable for its waterside rockeries resembling the shape of lions, has attracted a constant stream of celebrity guests, who have left a long list of poems, paintings and historical anecdotes. “In recent years we’ve tried to restore the historical landscapes of Suzhou’s classical gardens, but an exquisite garden cannot be an empty shell,” says a local official. “We need more creative ideas to lead people into the lifestyle adopted by the gardens and thus promote their aesthetic value in the modern era.” Consequently, a program was set up allowing tourists in small groups to reserve places to enter the garden in the early morning. Their visit ends as they complete the last step in making a traditional folding fan, adding a poem about the garden on its surface. It is a poetic way to recall the golden age of Suzhou’s classical gardens. Not every architectural landmark is grand in scale, with splendid decorations, or amazing colors. In fact Suzhou gardens may just be the opposite. In 1997 and 2000 nine of the best-known classical gardens of Suzhou were put on the World Heritage List. As UNESCO remarks: “Classical Chinese garden design, which seeks to recreate natural landscapes in miniature, is nowhere better illustrated than in the nine gardens. The gardens reflect the profound metaphysical importance of natural beauty in Chinese culture.” Great Wave Pavilion, the oldest extant garden in Suzhou, was first built in the 11th century, though the earliest private garden in the city appeared in historical documentation in the fourth century. Regardless of whether those classical gardens in Suzhou were once owned by high officials or nobles, literati or artists, as well as business tycoons, their days as residences have long gone. Nonetheless, these pearls scattered on a piece of jadeite have lasting legacies, guiding people how to live. 1．What did the monks seek when building the Lion Grove Garden? A．A place for public gatherings. B．A peaceful escape from city chaos. C．An attraction to attract famous guests. D．A grand temple for religious ceremonies. 2．Why was a program set up according to the text? A．To restore historical landscapes. B．To teach tourists how to make fans. C．To promote garden-inspired lifestyles. D．To preserve ancient garden structures physically. 3．What is the peculiar feature of Suzhou gardens? A．Integrating nature with daily life. B．Reflecting the grandness in scale. C．Possessing various amazing colors. D．Showing religious symbolism in designs. 4．What does the example of Great Wave Pavilion illustrate? A．The nobles’ dominance in gardens’ ownership. B．Its special design of the oldest private garden. C．The gradual decline of classical gardens. D．Suzhou gardens' enduring historical legacies. The lines separating one culture from another are not very clear. However we can classify (归类) different cultures based on several types of cultures. Material culture Material culture is a physical culture that people create or make by society. China is known for producing good phones, and America has cars. This production is something common enough to unite society, therefore, becoming a part of material culture. Non-material culture This type of culture is part of a culture that we cannot touch, feel, taste, or hold. Non-material culture has a great influence on our lives. In Nigeria, it’s a must for a child to respect their elders, and it is done by kneeling (跪下) to show respect, and this greatly influences the lives of youth in Nigeria. Popular culture The activities of the citizens determine popular culture. What songs are people listening to? What are the favorite movies of people? People’s dress at a particular time is an excellent example of popular culture. Social media influencers, musicians, and movie producers can impact which activities and what kinds of dressing are the most popular. Corporate culture In some places of work, they can allow their workers to dress very informally, but in some areas, you have to dress formally. As a footballer, you can’t wear jeans and a pair of farm boots to the field to play football. The culture of one workplace is entirely different from that of another. One of the key features of culture is that you can learn it, and learning culture is the quickest way of preserving a culture from one generation to another. 1．What is an example of non- material culture? A．Popular music. B．Respect for elders. C．Dressing formally. D．Traditional clothing. 2．How does corporate culture differ from the other types of culture? A．It changes rapidly over time. B．It is greatly influenced by technology. C．It is specific to a particular workplace. D．It is determined by the activities of the citizens. 3．Which culture is impacted by some groups of people according to the text? A．Popular culture. B．Material culture. C．Corporate culture. D．Non- material culture. 二、七选五 How to Be Culturally Responsive The ability to learn from and relate respectfully to people of your own culture as well as others’ is known as “cultural responsivity”. Being culturally responsive requires openness to the viewpoints, thoughts, and experiences of others. 1 Instead, it is about exploring and honoring the differences of others. Developing a cultural-responsive attitude is a life-long journey. It includes: 2 What influenced your own cultural identity? What values and beliefs do you hold and why? Understanding your own cultural makeup is the first step to understanding that others nod different values and beliefs and believe in them as much as you believe in yours. Learn to appreciate and value different views: 3 So do not judge views that differ from yours as wrong. Instead, just accept that they are different and try to understand other points of view. Avoid imposing (强加) your own values. Once you are aware of cultural differences, you may find that the cultural norms (准则) of some groups make you uncomfortable. Again, it is important not to judge. 4 Instead, try to understand the other perspective. Resist stereotyping (刻板印象). Avoid all stereotypes whether “negative” or “positive”. Statements such as “Asians are good at math” will never be true of all individuals within that population. Furthermore, there will always be individuals outside of that population who will also fit that statement. So try to resist stereotypes. 5 . A．They are unreliable and untrue. B．Develop cultural self-awareness. C．Different views help broaden your horizons. D．There are many ways to increase your acceptance. E．This is not about changing others to be more like you F．More importantly do not persuade others to believe your values G．People from different cultural backgrounds are more understanding. 三、书面表达 假如你是校广播台英语专栏播音员，你们学校本月的广播主题是“全球的饮食文化”，请你写一篇广播稿。内容包括： 1. 中国传统饮食与西方饮食习惯; 2. 中西方饮食文化差异。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 一、写作素材积累 词汇积累 cultural heritage 文化遗产 restore /renovate 修复；翻新 historic sites 历史遗迹 maintain /preserve 维护；保存 ancient monuments 古迹 repair 修缮 historical relics 历史文物 protect ... from 保护…… 免受损害 cultural relics 文化遗物 carry out conservation projects 开展保护项目 ancient architecture 古建筑 implement protection policies 实施保护政策 archaeological sites 考古遗址 establish protected areas 设立保护区 historical buildings 历史建筑 digital preservation 数字化保护 cultural landscapes 文化景观 cultural relics restoration 文物修复 human activities 人类活动 historical value 历史价值 over-tourism 过度旅游 cultural significance 文化意义 illegal excavation 非法挖掘 artistic value 艺术价值 vandalism 故意破坏 educational value 教育价值 urbanization 城市化 spiritual value 精神价值 pollution 污染 intangible cultural heritage 非物质文化遗产 neglect 忽视；疏于管理 cultural identity 文化认同 looting 掠夺；盗掘 historical memory 历史记忆 句型积累 句型 解析 There comes a time when ... 含义：总会有这样一个时刻……；到了…… 的时候。 用法：这是一个倒装句型，“There comes a time” 表示 “某个时刻到来”，“when” 引导定语从句，修饰 “time”，用于描述某个特定的时间节点或情境的出现。 not only ... but also ... 含义：不仅…… 而且……。 用法：用于连接两个并列的成分（可以是名词、动词、形容词、句子等），强调两者都具备某种特征或情况，且后者的语气往往更进一层。注意连接句子时，“not only” 位于句首时，后面的句子需要部分倒装（助动词 / 情态动词提前）。 A group of sb. are working together to do sth. 含义：一群人正在合作做某事。 用法：强调 “群体协作” 的动作或状态，“to do sth” 表示协作的目的。 Sth have/has long been a meeting point for sth. 含义：某物长期以来一直是某事物的交汇点 / 集合点。 用法：“long been” 强调状态的持续性，“meeting point” 可指实际地点或抽象的 “融合点”。 as＋adj./adv.＋as ... 含义：和…… 一样（形容词 / 副词）。 用法：用于两者之间的同级比较，前一个 “as” 是副词，后一个 “as” 是连词，可接名词、代词或句子。 … at the time when … 含义：在…… 的那个时候。 用法：“at the time” 表示 “在那时”，“when” 引导定语从句，修饰 “time”，说明具体的时间背景。 have/has been done 含义：（某事）已经被做了。 用法：现在完成时的被动语态，表示动作从过去开始，持续到现在，且主语是动作的承受者。 By doing sth, sb hopes to do sth 含义：通过做某事，某人希望达成某事。 用法：“by doing sth” 表示方式或手段，“hopes to do sth” 引出目的或期望的结果。 As sb explains, “…” 含义：正如某人解释的那样，“……”。 用法：“as” 引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面引号中的内容，用于引用某人的解释或观点。 Doing sth is very important for sth/ doing sth 含义：做某事对某物 / 做某事来说非常重要。 用法：“Doing sth” 是动名词作主语，强调某个动作的重要性，“for” 引出对象或相关的事物。 二、写作素材检测 1. 汤姆不仅每天下午练习篮球，还在空闲时间研究篮球战术。（not only ... but also ...） 2. 对于成功而言，坚持和天赋一样重要。（as + adj./adv. + as ...） 3. 总会有这样一个时刻，青少年需要自己做决定，而不是完全依赖父母。（There comes a time when ...） 4. 这座古老的城镇广场长期以来一直是几代家庭在节日和庆典期间相聚的地方。（Sth have/has long been a meeting point for sth.） 5. 期末试卷已经批改完毕，并归还给了学生。（have/has been done） 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Period 4 Reading for Writing分层练习 1 一、根据首字母拼写单词 1 二、单句语法填空 2 4 一、句型转换 4 二、语法填空 6 7 一、阅读理解 7 二、七选五 10 三、书面表达 12 13 一、写作素材积累 13 二、写作素材检测 15 一、根据首字母拼写单词 1．A person’s personality has a biological basis, and can be i from babies only a few months old. 2．Mogao Caves were a key stop along the Silk Road t China’s ancient history. 3．His shy personality c sharply with his sister’s outgoing character in their school days. 4．In c to other electric vehicle, Xiaomi SU7 has attracted much more attention. 5．In her writing task, she q a great line from Shakespeare’s play. 6．I’ll investigate f how the accident happened as long as I have time. (deeper) 7．It is a golden o that you can’t miss! 8．This is a Chinese t , passing down from generation to generation. 【答案】 1．identified 【详解】考查动词。句意：一个人的性格有生物学基础，从几个月大的婴儿身上就能看出来。根据句意及首字母可知，空处应填动词identify“识别；看出”；又因主语a person’s personality与identify之间是被动关系，结合can，此处需用情态动词的被动语态，identify的过去分词为identified。故填identified。 2．throughout/hroughout 【详解】考查介词。句意：莫高窟在中国古代历史上是丝绸之路上的重要一站。结合句意可首字母提示可知，throughout“自始至终，贯穿整个时期”，介词，符合题意，故填throughout。 3．contrasted/ontrasted 【详解】考查动词。句意：他的害羞性格与他姐姐外向的性格在学生时代形成了鲜明的对比。根据句意和首字母提示“c”可知，此处应用动词contrast“对比”，contrast with是固定短语，意为“与……形成对比”，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填contrasted。 4．comparison/omparison 【详解】考查名词。句意：与其他电动汽车相比，小米SU7吸引了更多的关注。在句子中，空格处需要填入一个名词，与介词to搭配，表示“与……相比”，结合首字母提示，in comparison to表示“与……比较”符合句意。故填comparison。 5．quoted/uoted 【详解】考查动词。句意：在写作任务中，她引用了莎士比亚戏剧中的一句名言。根据句意和首字母可知，空处为动词quote，陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填quoted。 6．further/urther 【详解】考查副词。句意：只要我有时间，我就会进一步调查事故是如何发生的。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用副词further，修饰动词investigate。 故填further。 7．opinion/pinion 【详解】考查名词。句意：这是一个不容错过的黄金观点！根据句中you can’t miss可知，空处应用名词opinion，表示“观点”，空处用于不定冠词a之后，应用名词的单数形式opinion作句子表语。故填opinion。 8．tradition/radition 【详解】考查名词。句意：这是一个中国的传统，代代相传。根据句意“传统”和首字母提示可知，此处为名词tradition，作表语，不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词。故填tradition。 二、单句语法填空 1. With such (create) ideas, Einstein helped the human race understand the universe better. 2. No one enjoys working with the person we are often laughed at by. 3. Water from the dam would likely destroy cultural relics were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage. 4. The long-term natural forces, like wind and water, can gradually wear down heritage sites while natural disasters can lead the destruction of them. 5. If you are interested, please send your (apply) form to the Drama Club before December 25th. 6. You should take part at least one club activity to enrich your after-school life and develop various skills. 7. These announcements, as symbols of love and individuality, remind us that some traditions are worth (preserve). 8. (promote) healthy eating habits, the hospitals launched educational campaigns, distributing free nutrition guides in communities. 9. In recent years, more and more young people pay attention to the protection of cultural (heritage). 10. You can’t imagine the great difficulty I had (balance) my schoolwork and leisure time. 【答案】 1. creative 【详解】考查形容词。句意：凭借如此有创造力的想法，爱因斯坦帮助人类更好地了解宇宙。本空修饰名词ideas，作前置定语，用形容词creative意为“有创造力的”。故填creative。 2. who/whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：没有人喜欢和那个经常嘲笑我们的人一起工作。空处引导定语从句，先行词是person，指人，关系词在从句中作介词by的宾语，可用关系代词who或whom引导从句。故填who/whom。 3. that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：大坝的水可能会破坏文物，这些文物是埃及文化遗产的重要组成部分。“____ were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“cultural relics”， 指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。故填that/which。 4. to 【详解】考查介词。句意：长期自然力量，如风和水，会逐渐侵蚀遗产地，而自然灾害会导致它们的毁灭。此处为固定短语lead to，意为“导致”，其中to为介词，后接名词短语the destruction of them作宾语。故填to。 5. application 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你感兴趣，请在12月25日前将你的申请表发送到戏剧俱乐部。空前有形容词性物主代词“your”，空后为名词“form”，此处需用名词作定语修饰form，所给词“apply”为动词，意为“申请”，其名词形式为application和applicant，前者意为“申请”，后者意为“申请人”，根据语境，此处指“申请表”，应用application。故填application。 6. in 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：你应该参加至少一个社团活动来丰富你的课余生活，发展各种技能。分析句子可知， 此处为动词短语take part in“参加”。故填in。 7. preserving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些宣告，作为爱与个性的象征，提醒我们有些传统值得保留。be worth doing是固定用法，表示“值得做某事”，其中动名词主动表被动；preserve的动名词是preserving。故填preserving。 8. To promote 【详解】考查不定式。句意：为了促进健康的饮食习惯，医院发起了教育运动，在社区分发免费的营养指南。由后文句意可知，空格处用不定式表目的，作状语。位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填To promote。 9. heritages 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：近年来，越来越多的年轻人开始重视文化遗产的保护。分析句子可知，heritage，表“遗产”，为可数名词，由句意可知，这里不止一处文化遗产，所以应用名词复数形式。故填heritages。 10. balancing 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：你无法想象我在平衡学业和休闲时间方面所遇到的巨大困难。I had (balance) my schoolwork and leisure time. 是定语从句，先行词是difficulty，从句省略了关系代词。从句中出现一个固定句型have difficulty doing sth.，意思是“做某事有困难”，所以应该将balance变成balancing。故答案是balancing。 一、句型转换 1．The ancient town has a unique atmosphere. In the atmosphere, people can experience the traditional culture deeply.（用定语从句合并句子） 2．We explored a historical museum. We learned about ancient objects and Chinese dynasties there. (用定语从句改写) 3．The house where they lived ten years ago has been rebuilt. (把定语从句改写成简单句) 4．Earlier risers are less likely to get depressed. The reason seems to be linked to getting more light exposure during the day.（why 引导的限制性定语从句） 5．Cathy finds an interesting novel. The novel tells a very inspiring story.（which/that引导的限制性定语从句） 6．Ken is a man. I respect his opinion.（whose引导的限制性定语从句） 7．We cleaned the park on weekends. We had great fun during this time. (用“介词+非限制性定语从句”句式改写句子) 【答案】 1．The ancient town has a unique atmosphere in which people can experience the traditional culture deeply./The ancient town has a unique atmosphere where people can experience the traditional culture deeply. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个古镇有一种独特的氛围，人们可以在那里深刻地体验传统文化。根据原句句意以及要求提示可知，原句可转换为定语从句从而合并句子，先行词是“a unique atmosphere”（独特的氛围），关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语（“在这种氛围中”），因此可以用“in which”或关系副词“where”引导限制性定语从句。合并后句子结构为：先行词 + 定语从句（in which/where + 从句剩余部分），使两句话逻辑更紧密，符合语法规则。故答案是：The ancient town has a unique atmosphere in which/where people can experience the traditional culture deeply. 2．We explored a historical museum where we learned about ancient objects and Chinese dynasties. / We explored a historical museum in which we learned about ancient objects and Chinese dynasties. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们参观了一个历史博物馆，在那里我们了解了古代文物和中国朝代。两个句子的共同部分是“a historical museum”，可将其作为先行词，因其在定语从句中作地点状语，所以可用关系副词where或“介词 + 关系代词”即in which引导定语从句来进行改写，说明“了解古代文物和中国朝代”的地点是“历史博物馆”。故改写为：We explored a historical museum where/in which we learned about ancient objects and Chinese dynasties. 3．They lived in the house ten years ago. The house has been rebuilt. 【详解】考查简单句。句意：他们十年前住的房子已经被重建了。原句中定语从句“where they lived ten years ago”修饰“The house”，where作地点状语，拆分后，从句转化为They lived in the house ten years ago.，原句中的主句为The house has been rebuilt。故填They lived in the house ten years ago. The house has been rebuilt. 4．The reason why earlier risers are less likely to get depressed seems to be linked to getting more light exposure during the day. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：早起的人不太容易抑郁的原因似乎与白天接触更多的阳光有关。原句是两个简单句，第一个句子可改写为定语从句，先行词是reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语，使用why引导，故答案是The reason why earlier risers are less likely to get depressed seems to be linked to getting more light exposure during the day. 5．Cathy finds an interesting novel which/that tells a very inspiring story. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：凯西发现了一本有趣的小说，它讲述了一个非常鼓舞人心的故事。原句是两个简单句，第二句可改写为一个定语从句，先行词是novel，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that引导，故答案是Cathy finds an interesting novel which/that tells a very inspiring story. 6．Ken is a man whose opinion I respect. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：Ken是一个我尊重他意见的人。原句是两个简单句，第二个句子中his指代Ken，故可改写为定语从句，先行词是man，关系词在从句中作定语修饰opinion，用关系代词whose引导，故填Ken is a man whose opinion I respect. 7．We cleaned the park on weekends, during which we had great fun. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们在周末清扫公园。在这段时间里我们玩得非常开心。将这两句话整合成含有定语从句的复合句，可以把“We cleaned the park on weekends.”作主句，weekends作先行词，将“We had great fun during this time.”改写为介词+非限制性定语从句。由于weekends是事物名词，“during this time”要保留介词during，删除this time，而且关系代词只能用which，其余不变。故填We cleaned the park on weekends, during which we had great fun. 二、语法填空 Many people in China possess a personal name seal (印章). To them, seals are an art of deep cultural roots, which combines calligraphy 1 sculptural art. It is believed that seals came out when our ancestors had private property. At that time, people were assumed to make marks on their own possessions 2 (prevent) theft. When the first dynasty 3 (establish), the emperor began to use seals to show his emperorship. The first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang, had his “xi” 4 (make) out of the invaluable and beautiful jade “He Shi Bi”. Then followed the local governments who needed seals for similar function. Thus, private seals were carved in different lucky characters and animal patterns. Gradually, the sphragistics (印章学) came into 5 (be). Now, many collector’s favourites are of that kind. The glory time of seal history was during the Ming and Qing dynasties. One noted seal sculptor was He Zhen of the late Ming dynasty, whose works 6 (great) influenced the sculptors of the Qing dynasty. He used the carving knife steadily and neatly, and the curves of each character were quite clear and 7 (harmony). Seal carving also requires choice materials like metal, jade, pottery, bamboo and stones. A good material should be smooth and cool at first but warm after 8 second. When cut, it should have certain 9 (flexible). There are various stones used for seal cutting, among 10 Qingtian stone, Tianhuang stone, and chicken-blood stone are all first-class. 【答案】 1．with 2．to prevent 3．was established 4．made 5．being 6．greatly 7．harmonious 8．a 9．flexibility 10．which 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国印章的起源、演变、艺术价值及明清时期的辉煌成就。 1．考查介词。句意：对他们而言，印章是一门文化底蕴深厚的艺术，它将书法与雕塑艺术融为一体。combine…with…是固定短语，意为“把……与……结合”。故填with。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：当时，人们被认为会在自己的财物上做标记，以防被盗。空处作目的状语，需用动词不定式。故填to prevent。 3．考查时态和语态。句意：当第一个朝代建立后，皇帝开始使用印章来彰显自己的皇权。the first dynasty与establish之间是被动关系（朝代被建立），且“建立第一个朝代”是过去的动作，需用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+过去分词”，主语the first dynasty为单数。故填was established。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的第一位皇帝——秦始皇，其“玺”便是由珍贵稀有的“和氏璧”玉料制成。xi与make之间是被动关系（玺被制作），符合“have sth. done”的结构，空处需填过去分词作宾语补足语。故填made。 5．考查固定搭配。句意：渐渐地，印章学应运而生。 come into being是固定短语，意为“产生、出现”。故填being。 6．考查副词。句意：明末的何震是著名的印章雕刻家，他的作品对清代的雕刻家产生了极大影响。空处需填副词修饰动词influenced，作状语。故填greatly。 7．考查形容词。句意：他运刀稳准利落，每个字的线条都十分清晰且和谐。空处与clear并列需填形容词harmonious，作表语。故填harmonious。 8．考查冠词。句意：优质的材料起初应手感光滑冰凉，但稍作接触后便会透出温润之感。second是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且second发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a，固定搭配after a second，表示“过了一会儿”。故填a。 9．考查名词。句意：在雕刻时，材料还需具备一定的柔韧性。空处作宾语，需填名词。故填flexibility。 10．考查定语从句。句意：用于印章雕刻的石材种类繁多，其中青田石、田黄石和鸡血石均属上等。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是stones，指物，在定语从句中作介词among的宾语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 一、阅读理解 Shortly after dawn, the 680-year-old Lion Grove Garden wakes up to the sound of chirping birds and its moist air is suffused with a floral scent. When a group of monks during the Yuan Dynasty first built this garden, they may have just wanted to enjoy a quiet retreat, tucked away from urban noise. Nonetheless, in the following centuries, this enchanting garden, most notable for its waterside rockeries resembling the shape of lions, has attracted a constant stream of celebrity guests, who have left a long list of poems, paintings and historical anecdotes. “In recent years we’ve tried to restore the historical landscapes of Suzhou’s classical gardens, but an exquisite garden cannot be an empty shell,” says a local official. “We need more creative ideas to lead people into the lifestyle adopted by the gardens and thus promote their aesthetic value in the modern era.” Consequently, a program was set up allowing tourists in small groups to reserve places to enter the garden in the early morning. Their visit ends as they complete the last step in making a traditional folding fan, adding a poem about the garden on its surface. It is a poetic way to recall the golden age of Suzhou’s classical gardens. Not every architectural landmark is grand in scale, with splendid decorations, or amazing colors. In fact Suzhou gardens may just be the opposite. In 1997 and 2000 nine of the best-known classical gardens of Suzhou were put on the World Heritage List. As UNESCO remarks: “Classical Chinese garden design, which seeks to recreate natural landscapes in miniature, is nowhere better illustrated than in the nine gardens. The gardens reflect the profound metaphysical importance of natural beauty in Chinese culture.” Great Wave Pavilion, the oldest extant garden in Suzhou, was first built in the 11th century, though the earliest private garden in the city appeared in historical documentation in the fourth century. Regardless of whether those classical gardens in Suzhou were once owned by high officials or nobles, literati or artists, as well as business tycoons, their days as residences have long gone. Nonetheless, these pearls scattered on a piece of jadeite have lasting legacies, guiding people how to live. 1．What did the monks seek when building the Lion Grove Garden? A．A place for public gatherings. B．A peaceful escape from city chaos. C．An attraction to attract famous guests. D．A grand temple for religious ceremonies. 2．Why was a program set up according to the text? A．To restore historical landscapes. B．To teach tourists how to make fans. C．To promote garden-inspired lifestyles. D．To preserve ancient garden structures physically. 3．What is the peculiar feature of Suzhou gardens? A．Integrating nature with daily life. B．Reflecting the grandness in scale. C．Possessing various amazing colors. D．Showing religious symbolism in designs. 4．What does the example of Great Wave Pavilion illustrate? A．The nobles’ dominance in gardens’ ownership. B．Its special design of the oldest private garden. C．The gradual decline of classical gardens. D．Suzhou gardens' enduring historical legacies. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了苏州古典园林的历史与文化价值。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段首句“When a group of monks during the Yuan Dynasty first built this garden, they may have just wanted to enjoy a quiet retreat, tucked away from urban noise.(在元朝时期一群僧侣首次建造这座园林时，他们也许只是想寻求一处远离城市喧嚣的宁静之所)”可知，元朝僧侣建造狮子林时可能只是想享受宁静，B项表示“一种远离城市喧嚣的宁静逃离方式”，与文意相吻合。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In recent years we’ve tried to restore the historical landscapes of Suzhou’s classical gardens, but an exquisite garden cannot be an empty shell,” says a local official. “We need more creative ideas to lead people into the lifestyle adopted by the gardens and thus promote their aesthetic value in the modern era.Consequently, a program was set up allowing tourists in small groups to reserve places to enter the garden in the early morning.(“近年来，我们一直在努力修复苏州古典园林的历史风貌，但一座精美的园林绝不能只是空洞的建筑而已，”一位当地官员说道。“我们需要更多的创新理念，引导人们融入这种园林所倡导的生活方式，从而在当今时代提升其美学价值。”因此专门设立了一个项目，允许游客以小团体的形式在清晨预订入园的名额)”可推断，当地之所以设立这个项目，是因为当地官员认为需要更多富有创意的想法来引领人们融入园林所倡导的生活方式。C项表示“推广园林风格的生活方式”，与推断相吻合。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Classical Chinese garden design, which seeks to recreate natural landscapes in miniature, is nowhere better illustrated than in the nine gardens.The gardens reflect the profound metaphysical importance of natural beauty in Chinese culture.(古典中式园林设计旨在以微缩形式重现自然景观，而在这九座园林中这一理念体现得最为淋漓尽致。这些园林充分展现了自然之美在中华文化中所具有的深刻哲学意义)”可知，苏州园林将自然融入到了中华文化中。A项表示“将自然融入到日常生活中”是对文中信息的同义转述。故选A项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后两段“Great Wave Pavilion, the oldest extant garden in Suzhou, was first built in the 11th century, though the earliest private garden in the city appeared in historical documentation in the fourth century.Regardless of whether those classical gardens in Suzhou were once owned by high officials or nobles, literati or artists, as well as business tycoons, their days as residences have long gone. Nonetheless, these pearls scattered on a piece of jadeite have lasting legacies, guiding people how to live.(沧浪亭是苏州现存最古老的园林，其始建于十一世纪，而该市最早的私家园林则在公元四世纪的文献中有所记载。不管那些位于苏州的古典园林曾经是哪位高官、贵族、文人、艺术家或是商界巨头的私宅，它们作为居所的时代早已远去。然而，这些散落在一块翡翠上的瑰宝却留下了永恒的印记，指引着人们如何生活)”可知，本文通过介绍沧浪亭的例子来说明苏州园林永恒的历史遗产，选项D表示“苏州园林历久弥新的历史遗产”，符合文意。故选D项。 The lines separating one culture from another are not very clear. However we can classify (归类) different cultures based on several types of cultures. Material culture Material culture is a physical culture that people create or make by society. China is known for producing good phones, and America has cars. This production is something common enough to unite society, therefore, becoming a part of material culture. Non-material culture This type of culture is part of a culture that we cannot touch, feel, taste, or hold. Non-material culture has a great influence on our lives. In Nigeria, it’s a must for a child to respect their elders, and it is done by kneeling (跪下) to show respect, and this greatly influences the lives of youth in Nigeria. Popular culture The activities of the citizens determine popular culture. What songs are people listening to? What are the favorite movies of people? People’s dress at a particular time is an excellent example of popular culture. Social media influencers, musicians, and movie producers can impact which activities and what kinds of dressing are the most popular. Corporate culture In some places of work, they can allow their workers to dress very informally, but in some areas, you have to dress formally. As a footballer, you can’t wear jeans and a pair of farm boots to the field to play football. The culture of one workplace is entirely different from that of another. One of the key features of culture is that you can learn it, and learning culture is the quickest way of preserving a culture from one generation to another. 1．What is an example of non- material culture? A．Popular music. B．Respect for elders. C．Dressing formally. D．Traditional clothing. 2．How does corporate culture differ from the other types of culture? A．It changes rapidly over time. B．It is greatly influenced by technology. C．It is specific to a particular workplace. D．It is determined by the activities of the citizens. 3．Which culture is impacted by some groups of people according to the text? A．Popular culture. B．Material culture. C．Corporate culture. D．Non- material culture. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍基于不同类型对文化进行的分类，包括物质文化、非物质文化、流行文化和企业文化。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In Nigeria, it’s a must for a child to respect their elders, and it is done by kneeling to show respect, and this greatly influences the lives of youth in Nigeria.(在尼日利亚，孩子必须尊重长辈，通过下跪来表示尊重，这极大地影响了尼日利亚年轻人的生活)”可知，尊重长辈属于非物质文化的例子。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The culture of one workplace is entirely different from that of another.(一个工作场所的文化与另一个工作场所的文化完全不同)”可知，企业文化的特殊性在于它特定于某个工作场所，这与其他类型的文化不同。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Social media influencers, musicians, and movie producers can impact which activities and what kinds of dressing are the most popular.(社交媒体网红、音乐家以及电影制片人能够影响哪些活动以及哪种着装最为流行。)”可知，流行文化会受到一些人群的影响。故选A项。 二、七选五 How to Be Culturally Responsive The ability to learn from and relate respectfully to people of your own culture as well as others’ is known as “cultural responsivity”. Being culturally responsive requires openness to the viewpoints, thoughts, and experiences of others. 1 Instead, it is about exploring and honoring the differences of others. Developing a cultural-responsive attitude is a life-long journey. It includes: 2 What influenced your own cultural identity? What values and beliefs do you hold and why? Understanding your own cultural makeup is the first step to understanding that others nod different values and beliefs and believe in them as much as you believe in yours. Learn to appreciate and value different views: 3 So do not judge views that differ from yours as wrong. Instead, just accept that they are different and try to understand other points of view. Avoid imposing (强加) your own values. Once you are aware of cultural differences, you may find that the cultural norms (准则) of some groups make you uncomfortable. Again, it is important not to judge. 4 Instead, try to understand the other perspective. Resist stereotyping (刻板印象). Avoid all stereotypes whether “negative” or “positive”. Statements such as “Asians are good at math” will never be true of all individuals within that population. Furthermore, there will always be individuals outside of that population who will also fit that statement. So try to resist stereotypes. 5 . A．They are unreliable and untrue. B．Develop cultural self-awareness. C．Different views help broaden your horizons. D．There are many ways to increase your acceptance. E．This is not about changing others to be more like you F．More importantly do not persuade others to believe your values G．People from different cultural backgrounds are more understanding. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．C 4．F 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何培养文化响应能力，即如何尊重和理解不同文化背景的人的观点、思想和经历。 1．上文“Being culturally responsive requires openness to the viewpoints, thoughts, and experiences of others.(对文化有回应需要对他人的观点、想法和经历持开放态度)”说明对文化有回应需要开放的态度，空处后文“Instead, it is about exploring and honoring the differences of others.(相反，它是关于探索和尊重他人的差异)”是对空处内容的转折说明，E项“这不是关于改变他人使其更像你”符合语境，与后文形成转折关系，且“This”指代前文内容。故选E。 2．空处为本段小标题。下文“What influenced your own cultural identity? What values and beliefs do you hold and why? Understanding your own cultural makeup is the first stem to understanding that others nod different values and beliefs and believe in them as much as you believe in yours.(什么影响了你的文化身份？你秉持什么价值观和信仰，为什么？了解你自己的文化构成是理解他人有不同的价值观和信仰，并且像你相信自己的价值观和信仰一样相信它们的第一步)”主要围绕了解自己的文化构成展开，B项“培养文化自我意识”可以作为小标题。故选B。 3．下文“So do not judge views that differ from yours as wrong. Instead, just accept that they are different and try to understand other points of view.(所以不要认为与你不同的观点是错误的。相反，只是接受它们是不同的，并尝试理解其他观点)”说明要接受不同观点，C项“不同的观点有助于拓宽你的视野”与下文逻辑一致，解释接受不同观点的好处。故选C。 4．上文“Once you are aware of cultural differences, you may find that the cultural norms (准则) of some groups make you uncomfortable. Again, it is important not to judge.(一旦你意识到文化差异，你可能会发现一些群体的文化准则让你感到不舒服。再次强调，不要评判)”说明不要评判不同文化准则，F项“更重要的是，不要说服别人相信你的价值观”符合语境，进一步说明不要将自己的价值观强加给别人。故选F。 5．上文“Avoid all stereotypes whether “negative” or “positive”. Statements such as “Asians are good at math” will never be true of all individuals within that population. Furthermore, there will always be individuals outside of that population who will also fit that statement. So try to resist stereotypes.(避免所有刻板印象，无论是“消极的”还是“积极的”。诸如“亚洲人擅长数学”这样的陈述永远不会适用于该群体中的所有个体。此外，总会有该群体之外的人也符合这种说法。所以尽量抵制刻板印象)”说明要抵制刻板印象，A项“它们不可靠且不真实”符合语境，对上文内容进行了总结。故选A。 三、书面表达 假如你是校广播台英语专栏播音员，你们学校本月的广播主题是“全球的饮食文化”，请你写一篇广播稿。内容包括： 1. 中国传统饮食与西方饮食习惯; 2. 中西方饮食文化差异。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Good morning, everyone! Today I will briefly introduce the differences between Chinese and western cuisines. Usually, Chinese cuisines, based on tradition, often care about the harmony of flavors, using complex cooking skills and various herbs and flavours. In contrast, western cuisines often focus on individual ingredients, showing perfectly cooked meats, paired with potatoes, vegetables, and sauces. These differences not only lie in ingredients and preparation but also reflect different dining cultures— eastern cuisines encourage sharing, while western ones often stress individual servings. Together, they offer a fascinating sight into the various world of food cultures. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇广播稿，介绍全球的饮食文化相关话题。 【详解】1.词汇积累 简单地：briefly→simply 各种各样的：various→distinct 复杂的：complex→complicated 个人的：individual→personal 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In contrast, western cuisines often focus on individual ingredients, showing perfectly cooked meats, paired with potatoes, vegetables, and sauces. 拓展句：In contrast, western cuisines often focus on individual ingredients, which shows perfectly cooked meats, paired with potatoes, vegetables, and sauces. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Usually, Chinese cuisines, based on tradition, often care about the harmony of flavors, using complex cooking skills and various herbs and flavours.（运用了过去分词作定语及现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】These differences not only lie in ingredients and preparation but also reflect different dining cultures— eastern cuisines encourage sharing, while western ones often stress individual servings.（运用了not only…but also…句型） 一、写作素材积累 词汇积累 cultural heritage 文化遗产 restore /renovate 修复；翻新 historic sites 历史遗迹 maintain /preserve 维护；保存 ancient monuments 古迹 repair 修缮 historical relics 历史文物 protect ... from 保护…… 免受损害 cultural relics 文化遗物 carry out conservation projects 开展保护项目 ancient architecture 古建筑 implement protection policies 实施保护政策 archaeological sites 考古遗址 establish protected areas 设立保护区 historical buildings 历史建筑 digital preservation 数字化保护 cultural landscapes 文化景观 cultural relics restoration 文物修复 human activities 人类活动 historical value 历史价值 over-tourism 过度旅游 cultural significance 文化意义 illegal excavation 非法挖掘 artistic value 艺术价值 vandalism 故意破坏 educational value 教育价值 urbanization 城市化 spiritual value 精神价值 pollution 污染 intangible cultural heritage 非物质文化遗产 neglect 忽视；疏于管理 cultural identity 文化认同 looting 掠夺；盗掘 historical memory 历史记忆 句型积累 句型 解析 There comes a time when ... 含义：总会有这样一个时刻……；到了…… 的时候。 用法：这是一个倒装句型，“There comes a time” 表示 “某个时刻到来”，“when” 引导定语从句，修饰 “time”，用于描述某个特定的时间节点或情境的出现。 not only ... but also ... 含义：不仅…… 而且……。 用法：用于连接两个并列的成分（可以是名词、动词、形容词、句子等），强调两者都具备某种特征或情况，且后者的语气往往更进一层。注意连接句子时，“not only” 位于句首时，后面的句子需要部分倒装（助动词 / 情态动词提前）。 A group of sb. are working together to do sth. 含义：一群人正在合作做某事。 用法：强调 “群体协作” 的动作或状态，“to do sth” 表示协作的目的。 Sth have/has long been a meeting point for sth. 含义：某物长期以来一直是某事物的交汇点 / 集合点。 用法：“long been” 强调状态的持续性，“meeting point” 可指实际地点或抽象的 “融合点”。 as＋adj./adv.＋as ... 含义：和…… 一样（形容词 / 副词）。 用法：用于两者之间的同级比较，前一个 “as” 是副词，后一个 “as” 是连词，可接名词、代词或句子。 … at the time when … 含义：在…… 的那个时候。 用法：“at the time” 表示 “在那时”，“when” 引导定语从句，修饰 “time”，说明具体的时间背景。 have/has been done 含义：（某事）已经被做了。 用法：现在完成时的被动语态，表示动作从过去开始，持续到现在，且主语是动作的承受者。 By doing sth, sb hopes to do sth 含义：通过做某事，某人希望达成某事。 用法：“by doing sth” 表示方式或手段，“hopes to do sth” 引出目的或期望的结果。 As sb explains, “…” 含义：正如某人解释的那样，“……”。 用法：“as” 引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面引号中的内容，用于引用某人的解释或观点。 Doing sth is very important for sth/ doing sth 含义：做某事对某物 / 做某事来说非常重要。 用法：“Doing sth” 是动名词作主语，强调某个动作的重要性，“for” 引出对象或相关的事物。 二、写作素材检测 1. 汤姆不仅每天下午练习篮球，还在空闲时间研究篮球战术。（not only ... but also ...） Tom not only practices basketball every afternoon but also studies basketball strategies in his free time. 2. 对于成功而言，坚持和天赋一样重要。（as + adj./adv. + as ...） Persistence is as important as talent for achieving success. 3. 总会有这样一个时刻，青少年需要自己做决定，而不是完全依赖父母。（There comes a time when ...） There comes a time when teenagers need to make decisions for themselves instead of relying entirely on their parents. 4. 这座古老的城镇广场长期以来一直是几代家庭在节日和庆典期间相聚的地方。（Sth have/has long been a meeting point for sth.） The old town square has long been a meeting point for generations of families during festivals and celebrations. 5. 期末试卷已经批改完毕，并归还给了学生。（have/has been done） The final exam papers have been graded and returned to the students. 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $