Unit 3 grammar-integration知识点讲义＋练习2025-2026学年译林版英语（2024）八年级上册

新版八A  Unit 3  To be a good learner

第3课时 Grammar

语法一、副词的比较级和最高级

adv.的比较级和最高级的变化与adj.的大致相同，但以后缀-ly结尾的副词比较级通常加more，最高级加most。            eg: more carefully比较仔细          most carefully最仔细地

考向一：[重点]副词比较级、最高级的构成：

变化规则		例词（都是副词形式）
单音节词和 少数双音节词	①一般在词尾加-er或-est	hard→harder→hardest
	②以不发音的字母e结尾的词后加-r或-st	late→later→latest
	③以"辅音字母+y"结尾的词,改y为i,再加-er或-est	early→earlier→earliest
多音节词和 部分双音节词	在词前加more或most	beautifully→more beautifully→most beautifully carefully→more carefully→most carefully quickly→more～ →most～

 

考向二：副词的比较级用法：

(1)句型："A 比较级+than B",意为"A比B更…"。当than前后使用的动词相同时,than后通常用助动词代替,助动词也可省略。（回顾比较级标志:a little,much, far, a lot, even等）

Rose ran            （fast）than the other girls (did). 罗斯跑得比其他女孩快。

Jim works much               （hard）than Kate (does). 吉姆工作比凯特努力得多。

(2)句型："...比较级,A or B?",意为"A和B谁更……?"。

Who jumps            （high）, Jim or Tom? 谁跳得更高,吉姆还是汤姆?

(3)句型："比较级+and+比较级",意为"越来越……",表示程度加深。

He ran                    . 他跑得越来越快。       It rained more and more heavily. 雨下得越来越大了。

You work                   .你工作越来越努力了。

(4)句型："the+比较级,the+比较级",意为"越 ……,(就)越……"。

The earlier you start, the sooner you will get there. 你出发得越早,到达那里就越快。

The faster you type,the more mistakes you may make.你打字打得越快，你出的错可能会越多。

 

考向三：副词的最高级用法：

　　副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或物的比较,表示其中的一方在这个范围中"最……",多由介词in或among等来说明比较的范围。

Li Ming jumps (the)            （high）in our school. 在我们学校李明跳得最高。

Bill swims (the)               （fast）among the three boys.这三个男孩中,比尔游得最快。

Who jumps             （far）, Jim, Lucy or Lily?吉姆、露西和莉莉,谁跳得最远?

[注意]“as+副词原级+as”意为“与…一样”，表示同级比较。用于否定句时，第一个 as 可以换成 so.

eg: She sings as well as a singer 她歌唱的像歌唱家一样好

He doesn’t do so well in the rest as Mary.他在测试中没有玛丽做的好。

Grammar随堂练习1

一、词汇

1.The                (high) we climb, the more beautiful views we will be able to enjoy.

2. To win the tennis match, I must practice_________________ (hard) than before.

3. The boy laughed even________________ (happy) when he saw his father coming to join him.

4. Betty plays the piano __________________________ (beautiful) than Jenny.

5. Simon jumps quite________. But Daniel jumps ___________than Simon. Bill jumps ___________of all. (far)

6.---She looks really tired!--- She practices dancing             (hard) of us five.

7.Wang Jun did homework                    (carefully) of all, so he made the fewest mistakes.

8.My friend Emma doesn't write as            (good) as her brother.

9.For             (far )information, please call us on 85566789.

10. The shy boy tried his best, but did            (bad) among all the members in the club.

11.Both of them scored at         (less) 10 points for their class in this year's sports meeting.

12. The next morning he got up             ( early) than before to practise football.

13. People usually like the TV channels with funnier programmes but            (few) advertisements.

14.Today James played even             (badly) than the day before yesterday.

15.Technology has allowed information to spread传播                  (quick) than ever before.

二、单选

（    ）1. Tom goes to school as _________ as Bill.

A. earlier          B. early         C. more early           D. less early

（    ）2.―Kitty is very good at musical instrument. ―I think so. She can play the guitar almost     her teacher.

A.as good as         B.as well as        C.so good as         D.so well as

（    ）3.If you listen to the teacher as         as your sister, you will learn this subject well.

A.carefully         B.more careful       C.careful        D.more carefully

（    ）4.—How can I get a good grade in the mid-term exam?—The     you write,         mistakes you will make.

A. more careful; the fewer      B. more careful; the less  

C. more carefully; the fewer    D. more carefully; the less

（    ）5. Slow cooking seems to hold the taste of the meat much            

A. good       B. well        C. better        D. best

（    ）6. ---I can hardly see the words on the screen.---Well, let's go and take the front seats so that we may see       .    

A. clear          C. clearest       B. clearer        D. more clearly

（    ）7.— I think Mark drives 　　　 than Mike.— I agree with you. Mark is a careful driver.

A.carefully       B.more carefully    C.most carefully      D.the most carefully

（   ）8.---Maling's Chinese isn't so          as Wangming's．

---I know them very much.But now Maling studies            than Wangming does．

A.good;harder       B.good;hard      C.better;harder        D.better;better

（   ）9.“Jenny, the more you practise, the __________ you will play the piano. ” said her mother.

A.best          B.good        C.well          D.better

（   ）10.---Who does homework         , Tom,Jack or Bill?---Bill.

A. more carefully       B. more careful       C. most carefully        D. most careful

（    ）11.Emma looked after her pet dog ________ of all her friends.

A.careful B.most careful C.more carefully D.the most carefully

语法二、反身代词

 

1)反身代词的含义：

反身代词即人称代词的反身形式，它所指代的人或物与主语一致。在句中可以起到强调的作用。

一种表示反射或强调的代词，翻译成“...自己”。通过反身代词代主语，在形式上把动作反射到施动者自己身上。
   注意：反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词形成互指关系，在人称、性质和数上必须保持一致。

 

2) 构成：

	主格	宾格	形容词性物主代词	名词性物主代词	反身代词
第一人称	I	me	my	mine	myself
	we	us	our	ours	ourselves
第二人称	you	you	your	yours	yourself
	you	you	your	yours	yourselves
第三人称	he	him	his	his	himself
	she	her	her	hers	herself
	it	it	its	its	itself
	they	them	their	theirs	themselves

 

3)用法：

 

 

总结：常见的含有反身代词的短语(p44)

1.teach oneself=learn…by oneself                        2.say to oneself                             

3.by oneself                                          4.help oneself to… 自便，随便吃/喝       

5.take care of oneself =look after oneself                   6.enjoy oneself                             

7.hurt oneself                                         8.lose oneself in…                             

9.introduce oneself                                    10.dress oneself