2026年湖北省武汉市人教版中考英语一轮复习代词专题课件

代词 代词是用来代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、分句和句子的词。 定义 2 代词的分类 人称代词 疑问代词 指示代词 反身代词 物主代词 不定代词 连接代词 相互代词 关系代词 从句的引导词 3 一、人称代词 人称 分类 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 主 格 宾格 I we you you he she it they me us you you him her it them 除了这些代词还包括疑问代词 、关系代词、相互代词(each You, she and I all graduated from this university. We, you and they are all good friends. 结论:主格作主语,放在谓语动词/系动词之前; 多个人称并列时:单数二三一 复数一二三 5 Please give me an application form. 结论:宾格作宾语,放在谓语动词后面。 6 it的特殊用法: It is ten past six. It is so hot. We don’t want to go outside. It is ten miles from the hotel to the beach. 结论一:指代时间、天气、距离。 7 it的特殊用法: -Have you found your pen? -No, I didn’t find it. I bought a new one. 结论二:指代上文中的同一事物,为避免重复,用it替代。 同类同物 同类不同物 =a pen 8 1. I lost my book. Have you seen _ anywhere? 2. A: Your sweater is really nice. B: You like _? You can have _. A: No, thank you. I can buy _ myself. 练一练 it it it one 1. I’m expecting a pet dog for long, but mom has no time to buy _ for me. A. this B. one C. it D. that 练一练 B it的特殊用法: -There is a knock at the door. -Who is it? 结论三:指代不确定的人。 11 It's very interesting to swim in the river. It is no use crying for the spilt milk. It is unknown to me when the class will be over. it的特殊用法: 结论四: 为了保持句子的平衡,可以用it来代替动词不定式,动名词和主语从句,在句子中作形式主语。 ①It is/was+adj.(+for/of sb.)+to do sth.意为“(对某人来说)做某事是……”/“(某人)做某事真是太……”。 ②It's time to do/for/that...意为“到……的时间了”。 ③It seems/seemed that...意为“看起来……,似乎……,好像……”。 ④It's one's turn to do sth.意为“轮到某人做某事了”。 ⑤It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”。 it作形式主语,常用于下列句型中: I don’t think it possible to master a foreign language without much memory work. The man found it necessary that he should pay more attention to his health. it的特殊用法: 结论五: 为了保持句子的平衡,可以用it来代替动词不定式,动名词和宾语从句,在句子中作形式宾语。 1. Many people in the west make _ a rule to buy Chinese presents for their relatives and friends. A.this B. it C.that D. them 练一练 it 二、物主代词 表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词 (Possessive Pronouns),也叫人称代词的所有格。物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。 人 称 分类 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 形容词性 名词性 my our your your his her its their mine ours yours yours his hers its theirs 相互转化 类别 作用 例句 形容词性 物主代词 This is my bedroom. 名词性物 主代词 This is his ID card. Mine is over there. I have finished my homework. Have you finished yours? The book on the desk isn’t mine. 作定语 作主语 作宾语 作表语 物主代词的用法 1. We decided to go for a field trip with some friends of _. us B. our C. ours D. ourselves 12. A classmate of _ was here ten minutes ago. A. you B. your C. your sister D. your sister’s 练一练 C D 三、反身代词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 数 人称 myself ourselves himself herself itself yourself yourselves themselves 作用 位置 例句 动词或介词之后,表自己 He was too young to look after himself. To our relief, he didn’t hurt himself. 系动词之后,表自己 Just be yourself. 名词或代词之后或句末,表亲自 The box itself is not so haevy. You yourself should be responsible for it. 反身代词的用法 作宾语 作表语 作同位语 Myself went to the cinema. I went to the cinema myself. I myself went to the cinema. 结论:反身代词不能做主语。 √ √ 人称 分类 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 主 格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 I we you you he she it they me us you you him her it them my our your your his her its their mine ours yours yours his hers its theirs 除了这些代词还包括疑问代词 、关系代词、相互代词(each 反身代词构成的词组 中文 dress oneself 给自己穿衣服 seat oneself 坐下 teach oneself 自学 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 help oneself to 随便吃/喝/用…… make oneself at home 无拘束;不客气 talk to oneself 自言自语 by oneself 靠自己;独自 for oneself 亲自;为自己 think for oneself 独立思考 Look after oneself 照顾自己 Take care of oneself 照顾自己 Keep sth to oneself 保密 Come to oneself 苏醒 Can not help oneself 情不自禁 We enjoyed (we) at the party last Sunday. Let Tony do it by (he).He is no longer a kid. Teachers have no choice but to take action to protect _ ( they). 练一练 ourselves himself themselves 1. The doctors and nurses are doing their best to fight COVID-2019; they think more of others than _. A. they B. them C. themselves D. theirs 2. Don’t just wait for others’ help. God help those who help _. A. him B. you C. them D. themselves 练一练 C D I 用所给词的正确形式填空 1. Mary wants this book. Please give it to _ (she). 2. Mary and Helen are good friends and _ (them) live next to each other. 3. This letter isn’t for _ (I). 4. Is that _ (you) car? 5. He lives with _ (he) parents. 6. - Whose book is this? - It’s _ (I). 7. They went on holiday with some friends of _ (they). 8. He is too young to look after _ (him). 9. He is a student of _ (her). 10. We may talk to _ (we) when we are alone. 练一练 her they me your his mine theirs himself hers ourselves 指示代词 单数 复数 表指示概念的代词,起指示作用,或替代前面提到过的名词 this these that those 四、指示代词 作用 例句 This girl is Mary. Those men are my teachers. This is Mary. Those are my teachers. This is the way to do it. I like this better than that. There is no fear of that. My point is this. This room is mine. 定语 定语 主语 主语 主语 宾语(动宾) 宾语(介宾) 表语 定语 指示代词用法 This is a boy and those are girls. 结论一:this和these指在时间和空间上较近的人和物,that/those指在时间和空间上较远的人和物。 指示代词用法 I want to tell you this: the English party will be held on Saturday afternoon. She’s very friendly, and that is why we all love her. 结论二:that/those承上,this/these启下。 指示代词用法 -Hello. This is Mary. Who’s that? -This is Tom. 结论三:电话用语中,this指代“我”,that指代“你”。 指示代词用法 He admired that who danced well. 结论四:that和those可以做定语从句的先行词,this和these不可以。 He admired those who danced well. He admired those which looked beautiful. 1. When drinking from a well, one mustn't forget _ who dug it. this B. these C. that D. those 2. - Look! What’s _ in the sky? - It looks like a kite. A. this B. that C. those D. these 练一练 D B The population of China is much larger than that of Britain. The students in our class are more hard-working than those in their class. the population the students 结论五:比较状语从句中,that和those可以指代上文中出现的名词。 指示代词用法 1. My seat is next to _ of the famous writer so I could ask for some advice from him about writing. that B. this C. it D. one 2. Things made by hand are usually more expensive than _ produced in factories. A. these B. this C. that D. those. 练一练 A D 选词填空: (that/this/these/those) The weather in Sichuan is not so hot as _ in Guangzhou. The students in Class 18 are smarter than _ in Class 17 练一练 that those 指没有明确的指代对象,而是泛指某一类人或物 它们在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。 五、不定代词 During the negotiation, each side hold its opinion on this plan. The twin brothers each have a bedroom. I had two plans but each of them turned out practical. Every one is here except Tom. Every one of us is in favor of this plan. each 代替或修饰可数名词单数,强调个体差别(二者之间,或三者及以上的)—作主、宾、定语、同位语 every 修饰可数名词单数,强调整体(三者或三者以上的)—只作定语 each 和 every 每个 Not every customer was satisfied with our servise. No customer was satisfied with our servise. 不是每一个客户 没有一个客户 not every+名词单数表示部分否定。 1. There are some flowers on the _ side of the street. both B. every C. each D. all 2. The old man is too old, he has to stop working _ five minutes. A. each B. every C. either D. both 练一练 C B There are many mistakes in this essay. You can’t have one each. We haven’t got many. I don’t have much money with me. I lay awake for much of the night. many 和 much 许多 结论:many修饰或代替复数可数名词。 much修饰或代替不可数名词。 few, a few ; little, a little Few people understand the difference. We’ve had a few replies. There was little doubt in my mind. 肯定 否定 可数 a few few 不可数 a little little I've been there quite a few times. quite a few 表示“相当多,不少” III 用不定代词much, many, little, a little, few, a few填空 1. Hurry up! We have very _ time. 2. Hurry up! You haven't got _ time. 3. If you have any spare milk, could you give me _? 4. The movie is so great that _ people want to see this movie. 5. The text is not difficult. There are _ new words in it. 6. The village is so poor that only _ people would like to live there. 7. Quite _ people came to the party though it was raining hard. 8. I don’t have _ money with me. 9. Try to make as _ mistakes as possible in your homework. 10. He says _ but does much. little much a little many 练一练 few a few a few much few little 二者与三者 都 都不 任一 范围 both (后接复数) neither (后接单数) either (后接单数) 2者 all none any (后接单数) 总数≥3 All the fans are waiting for a pop singer at the airport. Both of the twin brothers are basketball lovers. None of the three answers is/are right. Neither of the couple likes sports. 1. I have two children but _ of them lives with me. They are now studying abroad. A. none B. either C. neither D. both C 练一练 I have two apples, one is red, the other is green. the other 不定代词other / another / the other / others / the others / else The apple is bad, please give me another. another I have many apples, some are green,the others are red. the others Some fruits are red, some are green and others are yellow. others e.g. What else can you see on the table? e.g. What other fruits do you like? e.g. I can see nothing else on the table. other位语被修饰词之前。 else 位于不定代词和特殊疑问词之后。 other / else 不特指 特指 指代数量=1 another the other 后可接名词 指代数量>1 others the others 不可接名词 other 后既可接可数名词的复数形式,也可接不可数名词。 else 可位语不定代词和特殊疑问词之后。 I don’t like this room. I’m going to ask for another (room). The bread tastes so delicious. Can I have another piece? Wait for another 20 minutes before the dish is ready. He raised one arm and then the other. He is stronger than the other students in his class. He is stronger than any other student in his class. Two buildings were destroyed and many others damaged in the flood. Some designs are better than others. They visit us every other week. 每隔一个 1. I have eleven novels. Nine of them are Chinese, and _ are English. others B. the others C. the other D. another 2. Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is _. the other B. another C. one D. one another 3. Joan dances better than _ girl in the school. A. any B. any other C. some D. some other B B B 练一练 some与any I need some stamps. Are there any in your bag? I didn’t eat any meat. 结论一:some常用于肯定句中,any常用于否定句和疑问句中。 —Would you like _ coffee? —Yes, I’d like _ . A. any; any B. some; some C. any; some D. some; any 结论二:但表邀请、建议的问句要用some。此类句型常以could, would开头。 B 结论三:any用于肯定句中,译为“任一”,强调不管哪一个,无一例外 。 If you have questions, you can turn to any teacher in the office for help. II 用不定代词some或any填空 1. Are there _ pictures on the wall? 2. I asked him for _ ink. 3. I don’t have _ time to waste. 4. You can buy the medicine at _ drug store. 5. Would you like _ water? 练一练 any some any any some 不明确指代某个(些)人,某个(些)事物的代词叫作不定代词。由some, any, every, no加上one, body, thing构成的不定代词称为复合不定代词。 one(指人) body(指人) thing(指物) some someone somebody something any anyone anybody anything every everyone everybody everything no no one nobody nothing 复合不定代词 Someone is knocking at the door. 结论一、复合不定代词表示单数概念,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 Did you go anywhere interesting during the holiday? Do you want something to drink? 结论二、复合不定代词被定语修饰时,定语应置于其后。 Everyone was on vacation. I don't have anything to say today. Money isn't everything. 主语 宾语 表语 结论三、复合不定代词相当于名词,在句中可以作主语、宾语和表语,但不能作定语。 比较 含有some的复合不定代词 含有any的复合不定代词 用法① 用法② There is someone outside the door. Would you like something to drink? Is there anyone outside the door? You can ask me if you have anything unclear. 肯定句 表请求、建议等疑问句 否定句或疑问句 肯定句表“任何人/事” 比较 none None of these pens works/work. Tickets for Friday? Sorry we’ve got none left. nothing There is nothing in the schoolbag. nobody & no one No one/Nobody is in the study but the light is on. 既可指人也可以指物,表示“没有任何人或物”。强调数量。可以与of连用。 只能指物,表示“没有东西”。强调事物的有无。不能与of连用。 只能指人,表示“没有人”。强调人的有无。不能与of连用。 1. A smile costs _, but gives much. A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything 2. Niki is full of ideas, but _ is useful to me. nothing B. no one C. neither D. none 3. It’s still early in the morning. There isn’t _ in the office. anyone B. everyone C. nobody D. someone 4. _ happened to him last Saturday. A. Strange something B. Something strange C. Strange thing D. Anything strange 5. _ is too difficult if you put your heart into it. A. Anything B. Something C. Nothing D. None B D A C B 六、相互代词 相互代词(reciprocal pronoun)就是表示相互关系的代词。英语中的相互代词只有两个,即each other和one another。 Tom and Mike looked at each other and laughed. We all try and help one another. 指两者之间的“相互” 指三者或三者以上“相互” 七、疑问代词 Who spoke at the meeting? Who(m) did you meet on the street? Who is she? Whose is this book? Whose book is this? Which do you prefer, tea or coffee? Which train will you take? What impressed you most in the journey? What did she say? What is your dream? What question did he ask? 宾语 主语 表语 定语 表语 宾语 定语 主语 宾语 表语 定语 what与 which作限定词时的区别: Which color do you like, red, black or white? What color do you like? 范围较明确 选择的范围不明确 练一练 用疑问代词who, what, which填空 1. _ is the population of the world today? 2. - _ is her daughter? - The girl on the right wearing blue jeans. 3. - _ won the 100th gold at the Olympics for China? - Zhang Yining, she’s from Beijing. 4. - _ is she? - She is a nurse. 5. - _ paper do you read? - I read “China Daily”. What Which Who What What 70 练一练 IV 选择括号里的单词填空 1. There are trees on _ (each/every) side of the road. 2. This shirt is too large for me. Could you show me a smaller _ (it/that/one)? 3. _ (This/He) is Mike speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Read? 4. I am not available this weekend. Can we make it _ (the other/another) time? 5. _ (Which/What) season do you like better, spring or autumn? each one This another Which 71 八、 连接代词 My question is who will be the next president. She asked me whom I was talking to just now. They wondered what had happened last night. 九、关系代词 He is the man who /that give me a job. The girl whom /that I spoke to is my cousin. The books which/that are on the table are mine. THANKS $