2025年江苏省中职英语一轮复习被动语态课件

被 动 语 态 目录 1、一般现在时的被动语态 2、一般过去时的被动语态 3、一般将来时的被动语态 4、情态动词的被动语态 5、被动语态的注意事项 定义 语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明句中主语和谓语动词的关系。 被动语态 主语是动作的承受者 主动语态 主语是动作的执行者 Let's compare. We clean the classroom every day. The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 我们每天都要把教室打扫。 中文中的“把”字句 中文中的“被”字句 教室每天都被我们打扫。。 Cola is drunk by the bear every day. 主语 The bear drinks cola every day. 主语 Let’s divide sentence elements. 基本结构 be + 动词的过去分词＋（by） 过去分词 规则变化 规则 动词 原形 过去式 过去分词 直+ed 去e+ed 双+ed 改y为 i+ed work live stop cry worked worked lived lived stopped stopped cried cried help helped helped like liked liked plan planned planned study studied studied 一般动词 不发音e结尾 以辅音+y结尾 辅元辅，双写尾字母 A. My mother is cooking in the kitchen. B. Dinner is cooked by my father every day. C. The work will be finished by them in 3 days. D. The students have travelled to the USA. 以下哪些句子是被动语态？ 【Exercise 1】 时态 结构 例子 一般现在时 am/is/are+done 肯定句：The desks are made in China. 否定句：The desks aren’t made in China. （在am/is/are后加not） 一般疑问句：Are the desks made in China? （把am/is/are提至句首） 一、一般现在时的被动语态 1. — Mom, my classmates are playing outside. Can I join them? — Not until your homework ________. Finishes B. is finished C. will be finished D. will finish 练习1 1. More trees ________ every year to make our city greener. A. is planted B. are planted. C. was planted D. were planted 2. Pu'er Tea ______ in some western areas of Yunnan. A. plants B. was planted C. is planting D. is planted 3. Students ________ to the library after school. A. allow to go B. are allowed going C. will allow go D. are allowed to go 4. —China is getting stronger and stronger. —Yes. So Chinese __________ by more and more foreigners. A. learn B. learned C. is learned D. was learned 5. The traditional Chinese poems ________ to spread by popular singers. A. is singing B. are singing C. is sung D. are sung 6. —The novel ________ by many people today. —Really? Let me have a look. A. is read B. are read C. reads D. were read 7. —Do you often clean your classroom？ —Of course. Our classroom ________ every day. A. cleans B. is cleaned C. is cleaning 8. —How clean your car is! —Thank you．It ______ very often． A. is washed B. washes C. was washed D. washed 时态 结构 例子 一般过去时 was/were+done 肯定句：The building was built ten years ago. 否定句：The building wasn’t built ten years ago. （在was/were后加not） 一般疑问句：Was the building built ten years ago? （把was/were提至句首） 二、一般过去时的被动语态 2. In 1958, pinyin ________ by Chinese linguist (语言学家) Zhou Youguang and his team. designs B. designed C. is designed D. was designed 练习1 2、He told them that kites in China more than 2,000 years ago. A. invent B. invented C. are invent D. were invented 3、The answer came when Ham into space in 1961. A. sends B. sent C. is sent D. was sent D D 时态 结构 例子 一般将来时 will+be+done 肯定句：A new school library will be built next year. 否定句：A new school library won’t be built next year.（在will后加not） 一般疑问句：Will a new school library be built next year?（把will提至句首） 三、一般将来时的被动语态（1） 时态 结构 例子 一般将来时 am/is/are going to+be+done A new school library is going to be built next year.（肯定句） A new school library isn’t going to be built next year.（否定句，在am/is/are后加not） Is a new school library going to be built next year?（一般疑问句，把am/is/are提至句首） 三、一般将来时的被动语态（2） －A new park in our hometown next year. －Really? Our hometown must be more beautiful. A. will build B. will be built C. is built B 时态 结构 例子 含有情态动词 情态动词+be+done Students should be allowed to use mobile phones at school.（肯定句） Students shouldn’t be allowed to use mobile phones at school. （否定句，在情态动词后加not） Should students be allowed to use mobile phones at school? （一般疑问句，把情态动词提至句首） 四、情态动词的被动语态 Fewer and fewer stars ________ at night because of air pollution. can be seen B. can see C. have seen D. see 练习1 20 Teenagers allowed to drive. A. should not be B. should be not 练习2 被动语态的注意事项 1.不及物动词及部分短语 (cost, happen, take place, break out等)没有被动语态。 如：The story happened on a cold night. 这个故事发生在一个寒冷的夜晚。 2.感官动词(look,sound,smell,taste,feel)不用于被动语态。如：The cake tastes delicious. The flower smells nice. The dress looks beautiful. 3.某些与well,badly,easily,smoothly等副词连用的不及物动词，表示物体的某种属性特征，不用被动语态。 常见的词有：sell,wash,write,read,open,lock等。 The new smartphone sells very well. 这款新的智能手机卖得很好。 The sweater washes easily. 这件毛衣很容易洗。 The pen writes smoothly. 这支笔写字很流畅。 The passage reads smoothly. 这篇文章读起来很流畅。 4. 在主动语态中省略“to”的动词不定式，在被动语态中要加“to”。常见的有感官动词(see, hear, watch, feel, notice等)以及使役动词(let, make, have)。如: We often hear Tony play the guitar. → Tony is often heard to play the guitar. The boss made me do the work. → I was made to do the work. 1、This pair of shoes ________ hand, and it _______ very comfortable . A. is made with; is felt B. is made by; feels 2、If you see the cartoon film, you will _______ laugh. A. be made B. be made to 5.某些与 can’t won’t 等连用的不及物动词，如move, lock, shut, open 等可用主动形式表达被动意义。 1盒子不能移动。 2门不会关。 The box can’t move. The door won’t shut. 6.某些可用来表示主语内在品质或性能的不及物动词，如 sell, write, wash, clean, last(耐久), wear(耐穿), 等可用主动形式表达被动意义. This kind of food sells well. 这种食物畅销。 This cloth washes well and lasts long. 这布料经洗、耐穿。 The floor doesn’t clean easily. 这地板不容易弄干净。 7.在动词 require, need, want 等动词之后，可用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义 1树需要浇水。 2孩子需要照顾。 3电视机需要修理。 The trees need watering. Children want looking after. The TV needs mending. sth need doing =sth need to be done 8.形容词 worth 后面要用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。 1小说值得一读。 2事情值得做。 The novel is worth reading. The thing is worth doing. 9.动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义： 不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词构成动宾关系时，如： 我有许多事情要做。 他有几项任务要完成。 I have a lot of things to do. He has several tasks to complete. 不及物动词或短语。happen(发生), take place (发生), belong to (属于), break out (发生战争、火灾), last (持续), go out, run out, cost, spread(散播). A traffic accident happened/ took place last night. A big fire broke out in the USA. 1) How are you today? Oh, I _____ as ill as I do now for a very long time. A. didn’t feel B. wasn’t feeling C. don’t feel D. haven’t felt. 2) Old Mc Donald gave up smoking for a while, but soon _____ to his old ways. A. returned B. returns C. was returning D. had returned D A EXERCISE 3) They asked me to have a drink with them. I said that it was at least ten years since I _____ a good drink. A. had enjoyed B. was enjoying C. enjoyed D. had been enjoying 4) Tom _____ into the house when no one______. A. slipped, was looking B. had slipped, looked C. slipped, had looked D. was slipping, looked A A 5) The pen I _____ I _______ is on my desk, right under my nose. A. think, lost B. thought, had lost C. think, had lost D. thought, have lost 6) I don’t think Jim saw me; he _______ into space. A. just stared B. was just staring C. has just stared D. had just stared B B 7) Is his raincoat yours? No, mine _______ there behind the door. A. is hanging B. has hung C. hangs D hung 8) The price _______, but I doubt whether it will remain so. A. went down B. will go down C. has gone down D. was going down A C 9) In some parts of the world, tea ______ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served 10) The train ____ arrived at 11:30, but it was an hour late. A. was about to B. was likely to C. was supposed to D. was certain to B C 11) People often want to know what my job is. Often I _______ that question. A. ask B. am asking C. get asked D. get asking 12) The new dictionaries are very useful. They ____ well and _______ already. A. sell, have been sold out B. sold, had sold out C. sell, sell out D. are sold, have been sold out C A 13) All the preparations for the task ____, and we’re ready to start. completed complete had been completed have been completed 14) The teacher told his students that they _____to be useful men to the country. A. were all expected B. were all expecting C. all were expected D. all expected D A $