Unit 8 Road to success 同步词汇笔记 2024-2025学年沪外教版(2024)英语七年级下册

沪外教版 七下UNIT 8 Road to success同步词汇笔记 序号 单词 词形变化 派生词 核心考点 例句 1 achievement / t i vm nt/ n. 成就;成绩 复数:achievements achieve / t i v/ v. 实现;达到 a great achievement 一项伟大的成就 1. She was proud of her academic achievement.(她为自己的学业成就感到骄傲。)2. This invention is a major achievement in science.(这项发明是科学领域的一项重大成就。) 2 term /t m/ n. 学期(尤用于英国,学校一年分三个学期) 复数:terms N/A in this term 在本学期;next term 下学期 1. We will have a final exam at the end of this term.(本学期末我们将有一场期末考试。)2. She joined the music club at the start of the new term.(新学期开始时她加入了音乐俱乐部。) 3 rocket / r k t/ n. 火箭 复数:rockets N/A a space rocket 太空火箭 1. The rocket was launched into space yesterday.(昨天火箭被发射到了太空。)2. He made a model rocket with his father.(他和爸爸一起做了一个火箭模型。) 4 space /spe s/ n. 外层空间;太空 不可数名词,无单复数变化 N/A in space 在太空;space station 空间站 1. Astronauts work and live in space.(宇航员在太空工作和生活。)2. China has built its own space station.(中国已经建成了自己的空间站。) 5 museum /mju zi m/ n. 博物馆 复数:museums N/A science museum 科学博物馆;visit a museum 参观博物馆 1. We visited the history museum last weekend.(上周末我们参观了历史博物馆。)2. There is a new art museum in our city.(我们城市里有一座新的艺术博物馆。) 6 limit / l m t/ v. 限制;限定 过去式:limited;过去分词:limited;现在分词:limiting;名词:limit(复数:limits) N/A limit sth. to... 把某物限制在……;set a limit 设定限制 1. Parents should limit their kids' screen time.(父母应该限制孩子的屏幕使用时间。)2. The number of participants is limited to 50.(参与者人数被限制在50人以内。) 7 screen /skri n/ n. 屏幕;荧屏 复数:screens N/A computer screen 电脑屏幕;TV screen 电视屏幕 1. His eyes hurt because he stared at the screen for too long.(他因为盯着屏幕太久,眼睛疼了。)2. The movie will be shown on a big screen tonight.(今晚这部电影将在大屏幕上放映。) 8 note /n t/ n. 笔记;记录 复数:notes;动词:note(过去式:noted;过去分词:noted,意为“记录”) notebook / n tb k/ n. 笔记本 take notes 记笔记;make a note of 记录下 1. You should take notes in class.(你应该在课堂上记笔记。)2. She made a note of the meeting time.(她记录下了会议时间。) 9 discuss /d sk s/ v. 讨论;商量 过去式:discussed;过去分词:discussed;现在分词:discussing discussion /d sk n/ n. 讨论 discuss sth. with sb. 和某人讨论某事 1. We discussed the problem with our teacher.(我们和老师讨论了这个问题。)2. They will discuss the plan in the afternoon.(他们将在下午讨论这个计划。) 10 jump rope / d mp r p/ n. 跳绳 复数:jump ropes N/A play jump rope 跳绳 1. The girls are playing jump rope on the playground.(女孩们正在操场上跳绳。)2. He bought a new jump rope for his little sister.(他给妹妹买了一根新跳绳。) 11 succeed /s k si d/ v. 达到目的;实现目标;做成 过去式:succeeded;过去分词:succeeded;现在分词:succeeding success /s k ses/ n. 成功;successful /s k sesfl/ adj. 成功的 succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事 1. He succeeded in passing the exam.(他成功通过了考试。)2. If you work hard, you will succeed.(如果你努力,就会成功。) 12 enter / ent (r)/ v. 进入 过去式:entered;过去分词:entered;现在分词:entering entrance / entr ns/ n. 入口 enter a room 进入房间;enter a competition 参加比赛 1. She entered the classroom quietly.(她安静地走进了教室。)2. He decided to enter the singing competition.(他决定参加歌唱比赛。) 13 scientist / sa nt st/ n. 科学家 复数:scientists science / sa ns/ n. 科学;scientific / sa n t f k/ adj. 科学的 N/A 1. Many scientists are working on new medicines.(许多科学家正在研究新药。)2. Her dream is to be a great scientist.(她的梦想是成为一名伟大的科学家。) 14 sink /s k/ v. 下沉;沉没 过去式:sank/sunk;过去分词:sunk/sunken;名词:sink(复数:sinks,意为“水槽”) N/A sink into 沉入;sink down 下沉 1. The ship sank in the storm.(那艘船在暴风雨中沉没了。)2. The stone sank into the water.(石头沉入了水中。) 15 breaststroke / breststr k/ n. 蛙泳 不可数名词,无单复数变化 N/A swim breaststroke 游蛙泳 1. He is good at swimming breaststroke.(他擅长游蛙泳。)2. The coach taught us how to do breaststroke.(教练教我们怎么游蛙泳。) 16 announce / na ns/ v. (尤指通过广播)通知 过去式:announced;过去分词:announced;现在分词:announcing announcement / na nsm nt/ n. 通知;公告 announce sth. to sb. 向某人通知某事 1. The teacher announced the exam results to the class.(老师向全班宣布了考试成绩。)2. The radio announced that it would rain tomorrow.(广播通知说明天会下雨。) 17 pound /pa nd/ v. (心脏)狂跳,怦怦地跳 过去式:pounded;过去分词:pounded;现在分词:pounding;名词:pound(复数:pounds,意为“英镑”) N/A one's heart pound 心跳加速 1. Her heart was pounding with excitement.(她因为兴奋心跳得很快。)2. I could feel my heart pound when I stood on the stage.(站在舞台上时,我能感觉到自己的心跳。) 18 tense /tens/ v. (使肌肉)绷紧 过去式:tensed;过去分词:tensed;现在分词:tensing;形容词:tense(比较级:tenser;最高级:tensest,意为“紧张的”) tension / ten n/ n. 紧张;张力 tense up (肌肉)绷紧 1. He tensed his muscles before lifting the box.(他在搬箱子前绷紧了肌肉。)2. Her shoulders tensed up when she heard the bad news.(听到坏消息时,她的肩膀绷紧了。) 19 spring /spr / n. 弹簧;发条 v. 跳;跃;蹦 名词复数:springs;动词过去式:sprang;过去分词:sprung;现在分词:springing N/A spring up 突然出现;spring into action 立即行动 1. The cat sprang onto the table.(猫一跃跳上了桌子。)2. New buildings are springing up in the city.(城市里新的建筑不断涌现。) 20 while /wa l/ conj. 在……期间;当……的时候 N/A(连词无词形变化);名词:while(复数:whiles,意为“一会儿”) N/A while doing sth. 在做某事期间;once in a while 偶尔 1. I read books while I wait for the bus.(等公交车时我在看书。)2. While he was cooking, the phone rang.(他做饭的时候,电话响了。) 21 bell /bel/ n. 铃(声);钟(声) 复数:bells N/A school bell 上课铃;ring the bell 按铃 1. The school bell rang, and students went into class.(上课铃响了,学生们走进了教室。)2. She rang the bell, but no one answered.(她按了铃,但没人应答。) 22 ring /r / v. (使)鸣响,响铃 过去式:rang;过去分词:rung;现在分词:ringing;名词:ring(复数:rings,意为“戒指”) N/A ring the bell 按铃;the phone rings 电话响 1. The doorbell rang, so I went to open the door.(门铃响了,所以我去开门了。)2. He rang the bell to call the waiter.(他按铃叫服务员。) 23 forwards / f w dz/ adv. 向前 同义词:forward,无比较级最高级 N/A move forwards 向前移动;step forwards 向前走 1. The car moved slowly forwards.(汽车缓慢地向前移动。)2. She stepped forwards to speak.(她向前走了一步开始说话。) 24 kick /k k/ v. 踢蹬;踢(腿) 过去式:kicked;过去分词:kicked;现在分词:kicking;名词:kick(复数:kicks) N/A kick the ball 踢球;kick off (比赛)开球 1. He kicked the ball into the goal.(他把球踢进了球门。)2. The baby kicked its legs happily.(宝宝高兴地蹬着腿。) 25 pull /p l/ v. 划动;拉 过去式:pulled;过去分词:pulled;现在分词:pulling;名词:pull(复数:pulls) N/A pull sth. 拉某物;pull together 齐心协力 1. She pulled the door open.(她拉开了门。)2. The swimmer pulled his arms through the water.(游泳者在水中划动双臂。) 26 breathe /bri / v. 呼吸 过去式:breathed;过去分词:breathed;现在分词:breathing;名词:breath /bre / n. 呼吸 N/A breathe in 吸气;breathe out 呼气;take a breath 吸一口气 1. You should breathe deeply when you feel nervous.(感到紧张时你应该深呼吸。)2. Fish breathe through gills.(鱼通过鳃呼吸。) 27 focus / f k s/ v. 集中(注意力) 过去式:focused/focussed;过去分词:focused/focussed;现在分词:focusing/focussing;名词:focus(复数:focuses/foci) N/A focus on sth. 集中注意力于某事 1. You need to focus on your study.(你需要集中注意力学习。)2. She focused her eyes on the blackboard.(她把目光集中在黑板上。) 28 pool /pu l/ n. 游泳池;水池 复数:pools N/A swimming pool 游泳池;a pool of water 一滩水 1. They went swimming in the pool yesterday.(昨天他们去游泳池游泳了。)2. There is a small pool in the park.(公园里有一个小水池。) 29 count /ka nt/ v. 数数;计算 过去式:counted;过去分词:counted;现在分词:counting;名词:count(复数:counts) N/A count from...to... 从……数到……;count on 依靠 1. The child can count from 1 to 100.(这个孩子能从1数到100。)2. You can count on me to help you.(你可以依靠我帮你。) 30 stroke /str k/ n. 划水动作;中风 复数:strokes N/A swimming stroke 游泳姿势;a stroke of luck 一阵好运 1. He improved his swimming stroke with practice.(通过练习,他改进了自己的游泳姿势。)2. The doctor said he had a mild stroke.(医生说他得了轻度中风。) 31 lung /l / n. 肺 复数:lungs N/A human lungs 人的肺;lung disease 肺病 1. Smoking is bad for your lungs.(吸烟对肺不好。)2. The doctor checked his lungs and said they were healthy.(医生检查了他的肺,说很健康。) 32 length /le / n. 泳程;长度 复数:lengths;形容词:long /l / adj. 长的 N/A the length of... ……的长度;a length of 一段 1. He swam two lengths of the pool.(他游了两个泳程。)2. Can you tell me the length of this table?(你能告诉我这张桌子的长度吗?) 33 hardly / h dli/ adv. 几乎不 无比较级最高级(本身表否定,类似never) hard /h d/ adj. 硬的;adv. 努力地 hardly ever 几乎不;hardly any 几乎没有 1. He hardly ever watches TV.(他几乎不看电视。)2. There is hardly any water left in the bottle.(瓶子里几乎没水了。) 34 grit / r t/ v. 咬紧;坚持 n. 勇气;毅力 动词过去式:gritted;过去分词:gritted;现在分词:gritting;名词不可数 N/A grit one's teeth 咬紧牙关;have grit 有毅力 1. She gritted her teeth and finished the race.(她咬紧牙关跑完了比赛。)2. It takes grit to overcome difficulties.(克服困难需要毅力。) 35 tooth /tu / n. 牙;齿 复数:teeth;动词:teethe /ti / v. 长牙(指婴儿) toothbrush / tu br / n. 牙刷;toothpaste / tu pe st/ n. 牙膏 brush one's teeth 刷牙;a bad tooth 坏牙 1. You should brush your teeth twice a day.(你应该一天刷两次牙。)2. He has a toothache because of a bad tooth.(他因为一颗坏牙牙疼。) 36 till /t l/ conj. (=until) 到……时;直到……为止 N/A(连词无词形变化) N/A till now 直到现在;wait till 等到…… 1. He stayed at home till his mother came back.(他待在家里直到妈妈回来。)2. I won't leave till you finish your homework.(直到你做完作业我才会走。) 37 outside / a t sa d/ adv. 在外面;向外面 形容词:outside(意为“外面的”,比较级:more outside;最高级:most outside,不常用);名词:outside(意为“外面”,复数:outsides) N/A go outside 出去;wait outside 在外面等 1. It's cold outside, so put on a coat.(外面冷,穿上外套。)2. They are playing outside the house.(他们正在房子外面玩。) 38 alone / l n/ adv. 独自;adj. 独自的 副词无比较级最高级;形容词无比较级最高级(表状态,不表程度) N/A be alone 独自一人;go alone 独自去 1. She likes to walk alone in the park.(她喜欢独自在公园里散步。)2. He was alone at home last night.(昨晚他一个人在家。) 39 fail /fe l/ v. 失败;未能(做到) 过去式:failed;过去分词:failed;现在分词:failing;名词:failure / fe lj (r)/ n. 失败 N/A fail to do sth. 未能做某事;fail an exam 考试不及格 1. He failed to finish the work on time.(他没能按时完成工作。)2. If you don't study hard, you will fail the exam.(如果你不努力学习,考试会不及格。) 40 nod /n d/ v. 点头 过去式:nodded;过去分词:nodded;现在分词:nodding;名词:nod(复数:nods) N/A nod one's head 点头;nod in agreement 点头同意 1. She nodded her head to show she understood.(她点头表示自己明白了。)2. The teacher nodded in agreement with his idea.(老师点头同意他的想法。) 41 bite /ba t/ v. 咬;n. 咬痕 动词过去式:bit;过去分词:bitten;现在分词:biting;名词复数:bites N/A bite sth. 咬某物;a bite of 一口…… 1. The dog bit his hand.(狗咬了他的手。)2. She took a small bite of the apple.(她咬了一小口苹果。) 42 lip /l p/ n. 嘴唇 复数:lips N/A upper lip 上唇;lower lip 下唇 1. She bit her lower lip when she was nervous.(紧张时她咬着下唇。)2. His lips were dry because of the wind.(因为风,他的嘴唇很干。) 43 success /s k ses/ n. 成功;成功的人/事 复数:successes(指“成功的人/事”时) succeed /s k si d/ v. 成功;successful /s k sesfl/ adj. 成功的 achieve success 获得成功;a great success 巨大的成功 1. Hard work leads to success.(努力工作通向成功。)2. The party was a great success.(这次派对非常成功。) 44 sink or swim / s k sw m/ phrase. 不自救,必沉沦;自己努力,以求生存 N/A N/A N/A(短语本身为考点) 1. When he started the new job, it was sink or swim.(开始新工作时,他处境是不自救必沉沦。)2. The teacher left the students to sink or swim in the project.(老师让学生们在这个项目中自求多福。) 45 in front of / n fr nt v/ phrase. 在……前面 N/A N/A N/A(短语本身为考点,注意与in the front of区分,后者指“在……内部的前面”) 1. There is a tree in front of the house.(房子前面有一棵树。)2. She is standing in front of me.(她站在我前面。) 46 fall apart /f l p t/ phrase. 破裂;崩溃 N/A N/A N/A(短语本身为考点) 1. Their friendship fell apart after the argument.(争吵后他们的友谊破裂了。)2. The old chair is falling apart.(这把旧椅子快要散架了。) 47 smart /sm t/ adj. 聪明的;机敏的;精明的 比较级:smarter;最高级:smartest;动词:smart /sm t/ v. 感到刺痛 N/A a smart student 聪明的学生;smart clothes 时髦的衣服 1. He is a smart boy who learns quickly.(他是个聪明的男孩,学东西很快。)2. She wore a smart dress to the party.(她穿了一条时髦的裙子去派对。) 48 fear /f (r)/ n. 害怕;惧怕;担忧;v. 害怕 名词不可数(表“害怕”)/可数(表“恐惧的事”,复数:fears);动词过去式:feared;过去分词:feared fearful / f fl/ adj. 害怕的;fearless / f l s/ adj. 无畏的 fear of sth. 对某物的恐惧;fear to do sth. 害怕做某事 1. She has a fear of heights.(她有恐高症。)2. He fears to go out at night.(他害怕晚上出去。) 49 persistence /p s st ns/ n. 坚持;锲而不舍 不可数名词 persist /p s st/ v. 坚持;persistent /p s st nt/ adj. 坚持不懈的 N/A 1. His persistence helped him finish the work.(他的坚持帮助他完成了工作。)2. Persistence is important for success.(坚持对成功很重要。) 50 resilience /r z li ns/ n. 快速恢复的能力;适应力 不可数名词 resilient /r z li nt/ adj. 有适应力的;能快速恢复的 N/A 1. The child showed great resilience after the accident.(事故后这个孩子表现出了很强的适应力。)2. Resilience helps people get through hard times.(适应力帮助人们度过困难时期。) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $