构词法（1）-知识点训练卷 2026版甘肃省（中职升学考试）《英语考纲百套卷》第62卷（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026版甘肃省（中职升学考试）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新的《中等职业学校公共基础课课程标准》、《甘肃省对口升学英语复习指导》以及历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是73份知识点训练卷，第二部分是单项选择题、情景对话题、阅读理解题、词组配对题等17份专项训练卷，第三部分是10份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是2026版甘肃省（中职升学考试）《英语考纲百套卷》的第62卷，是知识点训练卷。 2026版甘肃省（中职升学考试）《英语考纲百套卷》第62卷 知识点训练卷·构词法（1） 考试时间：25分钟 满分：35分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 1、 单项选择题（每小题1分，共35分） 1. The word “happiness” is formed by adding the suffix “-ness” to the adjective “happy”. What does the suffix “-ness” usually mean? A. The state or quality of something B. The person who does something C. The place where something happens D. The action of doing something 2. The verb “beautify” is created from the noun “beauty” by adding the suffix “-ify”. What does “-ify” mean? A. To make or become B. Full of C. Without D. Small 3. The prefix “un -” in the word “unhappy” means _. A. Not B. Opposite C. Again D. Before 4. The word “worker” is made from the verb “work” by adding the suffix “-er”. What does “-er” indicate in this case? A.A place related to an action B. The instrument for an action C. The doer of an action D. A small version of something 5. Which of the following words has a prefix that means “against”? A. cooperate B. counterattack C. coexist D. commute 6. The suffix “-tion” in the word “education” is often used to form _. A. Nouns B. Verbs C. Adjectives D. Adverbs 7. The prefix “re -” in “rewrite” means _. A. Again B. Not C. Small D. Big 8. The word “friendly” is formed by adding the suffix “-ly” to the noun “friend”. What part of speech does “-ly” usually form when added to a noun? A. Adjective B. Adverb C. Verb D . Noun 9. The prefix “dis -” in “dislike” means _. A. Not B. Opposite C. Together D. After 10. The word “childhood” is formed by adding the suffix “-hood” to “child”. What does “-hood” convey? A. A state or condition B. A person who does something C. A place D. An action 11. The suffix “-able” in “comfortable” means _. A. In a way B. Full of C. Without D.Capable of being 12. The prefix “pre -” in “preview” means _. A. Before B. After C. Between D. Under 13. The word “length” is made from the adjective “long” by adding the suffix “-th”. What does this suffix do? A. It changes an adjective to a noun B. It changes a noun to a verb C. It changes a verb to an adjective D. It changes an adjective to an adverb 14. The prefix “inter -” in “international” means _. A. Between or among B. Inside C. Outside D. Over 15. The suffix “-ment” in “government” is used to form _. A. Nouns B. Verbs C. Adjectives D. Adverbs 16. The word “careless” is formed by adding the suffix “-less” to “care”. What does “-less” mean? A.Full of B. Without C. Capable of D. In a way 17. The prefix “sub -” in “subway” means _. A. Under B. Over C. Around D. Through 18. The suffix “-ful” in “helpful” means _. A. Full of B. Without C. Capable of D. In a way 19. The word “enlarge” is created by adding the prefix “en -” to “large”. What does “en -” do? A.It makes the word an adverb B. It makes the word a noun C. It makes the word an adjective D. It makes the word a verb, often meaning “make” or “cause to be” 20. The prefix “post -” in “postgraduate” means _. A. After B. Before C. Between D. Under 21. The word “scientist” is formed by adding the suffix “-ist” to “science”. What does “-ist” indicate? A. A person who is skilled in or studies something B. A place related to something C. An action related to something D. A state of something 22. The suffix “-ize” in “organize” is used to form _. A. Verbs B. Nouns C. Adjectives D. Adverbs 23. The prefix “super -” in “supermarket” means _. A. Below B.Above, over or more than normal C. Inside D. Outside 24. The word “weekly” is made from the noun “week” by adding the suffix “-ly”. What part of speech is “weekly” in this case? A.Adverb B. Adjective C. Noun D. Verb 25. The prefix “mid -” in “midnight” means _. A. Middle B. Before C. After D. Around 26. The suffix “-ship” in “friendship” is often used to show _. A. A state, quality or relationship B. A person who does something C. A place D. An action 27. The word “shorten” is formed by adding the suffix “-en” to “short”. What does “-en” usually do? A. It changes an adjective to a verb, often meaning “make” or “become” B. It changes a verb to an adjective C. It changes a noun to a verb D. It changes an adjective to a noun 28. The prefix “micro -” in “microscope” means _. A. Many B. Big C. Small D. Few 29. The suffix “-ward” in “forward” is used to form _. A. Adverbs indicating direction B. Adjectives C. Nouns D. Verbs 30. The word “electricity” is made from the adjective “electric” by adding the suffix “-ity”. What does this suffix do? A. It changes an adjective to a noun B. It changes a noun to an adjective C. It changes a verb to a noun D. It changes an adjective to an adverb 31. The prefix “macro -” in “macroeconomics” means _. A.Small B. Large or general C. Middle D. Opposite 32. The suffix “-ence” in “difference” is used to form _. A. Nouns B. Verbs C. Adjectives D. Adverbs 33. The word “modernize” is created by adding the suffix “-ize” to “modern”. What part of speech does “-ize” usually form? A. Verbs B. Nouns C. Adjectives D. Adverbs 34. The prefix “semi -” in “semicircle” means _. A.Whole B. Half C. Double D. Triple 35. The suffix “-y” in “sunny” is often added to nouns to form _. A. Adjectives B. Adverbs C. Verbs D. Nouns 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026版甘肃省（中职升学考试）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新的《中等职业学校公共基础课课程标准》、《甘肃省对口升学英语复习指导》以及历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是73份知识点训练卷，第二部分是单项选择题、情景对话题、阅读理解题、词组配对题等17份专项训练卷，第三部分是10份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是2026版甘肃省（中职升学考试）《英语考纲百套卷》的第62卷，是知识点训练卷。 2026版甘肃省（中职升学考试）《英语考纲百套卷》第62卷 知识点训练卷·构词法（1） 考试时间：25分钟 满分：35分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 1、 单项选择题（每小题1分，共35分） 1. The word “happiness” is formed by adding the suffix “-ness” to the adjective “happy”. What does the suffix “-ness” usually mean? A. The state or quality of something B. The person who does something C. The place where something happens D. The action of doing something 【答案】 A. The state or quality of something 【解析】“-ness”是一个常见的名词后缀，加在形容词后，通常表示“……的状态或性质” 。例如“happy”（快乐的）加上“-ness”变成“happiness”（幸福，快乐（的状态）），所以选A。 2. The verb “beautify” is created from the noun “beauty” by adding the suffix “-ify”. What does “-ify” mean? A. To make or become B. Full of C. Without D. Small 【答案】 A. To make or become 【解析】“-ify”作为后缀，意思是“使……化”“使……成为” 。“beauty”（美丽，名词）加上“-ify”变成“beautify”（使美丽，美化，动词），所以选A。 3. The prefix “un -” in the word “unhappy” means _. A. Not B. Opposite C. Again D. Before 【答案】 A. Not 【解析】“un -”是一个常见前缀，加在形容词或动词前，常表示“不”的意思 。“unhappy”即“不开心的”，所以选A。 4. The word “worker” is made from the verb “work” by adding the suffix “-er”. What does “-er” indicate in this case? A.A place related to an action B. The instrument for an action C. The doer of an action D. A small version of something 【答案】 C. The doer of an action 【解析】“-er”加在动词后，常用来表示“做……的人”或“从事……职业的人” 。“work”（工作，动词）加上“-er”变成“worker”（工人，工作的人），所以选C。 5. Which of the following words has a prefix that means “against”? A. cooperate B. counterattack C. coexist D. commute 【答案】 B. counterattack 【解析】“counter -”这个前缀表示“反对，对抗” 。“counterattack”意思是“反击”，“co -”前缀通常表示“共同，一起”，如“cooperate”（合作）、“coexist”（共存）；“com -”也有“共同，一起”等含义，“commute”（通勤） 。所以选B。 6. The suffix “-tion” in the word “education” is often used to form _. A. Nouns B. Verbs C. Adjectives D. Adverbs 【答案】 A. Nouns 【解析】“-tion”是一个典型的名词后缀 。在“education”（教育）这个词中，它把动词“educate”（教育）变成了名词，所以选A。 7. The prefix “re -” in “rewrite” means _. A. Again B. Not C. Small D. Big 【答案】 A. Again 【解析】“re -”作为前缀，常见意思为“再，又，重新” 。在“rewrite”中，意思是“重写，再次写”，所以选A。 8. The word “friendly” is formed by adding the suffix “-ly” to the noun “friend”. What part of speech does “-ly” usually form when added to a noun? A. Adjective B. Adverb C. Verb D . Noun 【答案】 A. Adjective 【解析】当“-ly”加在名词后，通常构成形容词 。“friend”（朋友，名词）加上“-ly”变成“friendly”（友好的），所以选A。虽然“-ly”加在形容词后常构成副词，但这里是加在名词后。 9. The prefix “dis -” in “dislike” means _. A. Not B. Opposite C. Together D. After  【答案】 B. Opposite 【解析】“dis -”前缀有“相反，不”等含义 。在“dislike”中，它与“like”（喜欢）意思相反，表示“不喜欢”，所以选B。 10. The word “childhood” is formed by adding the suffix “-hood” to “child”. What does “-hood” convey? A. state or condition B. person who does something C. A place D. An action  【答案】 A. state or condition 【解析】“-hood”后缀常表示“状态，时期，身份等” 。“child”（孩子）加上“-hood”变成“childhood”（童年时期），所以选A。 11. The suffix “-able” in “comfortable” means _. A. In a way B. Full of C. Without D. Capable of being 【答案】 D. Capable of being 【解析】“-able”后缀表示“能够……的，可以……的” 。“comfortable”（舒适的）意味着“能够使人感到舒适的”，所以选D。 12. The prefix “pre -” in “preview” means _. A. Before B. After C. Between D. Under 【答案】 A. Before 【解析】“pre -”前缀表示“在……之前” 。“preview”（预习，预览）意味着在正式学习或观看之前进行，所以选A。 13. The word “length” is made from the adjective “long” by adding the suffix “-th”. What does this suffix do? A. It changes an adjective to a noun B. It changes a noun to a verb C. It changes a verb to an adjective D. It changes an adjective to an adverb 【答案】 A. It changes an adjective to a noun 【解析】“-th”后缀加在形容词后，通常把形容词变成名词 。“long”（长的，形容词）加上“-th”变成“length”（长度，名词），所以选A。 14. The prefix “inter -” in “international” means _. A. Between or among B. Inside C. Outside D. Over 【答案】 A. Between or among 【解析】“inter -”前缀表示“在……之间，相互” 。“international”（国际的）表示国家之间的，所以选A。 15. The suffix “-ment” in “government” is used to form _. A. Nouns B. Verbs C. Adjectives D. Adverbs 【答案】 A. Nouns 【解析】“-ment”是一个名词后缀 。“government”（政府）由动词“govern”（统治，管理）加上“-ment”构成名词，所以选A。 16. The word “careless” is formed by adding the suffix “-less” to “care”. What does “-less” mean? A. Full of B. Without C. Capable of D. In a way 【答案】 B. Without 【解析】“-less”后缀表示“没有” 。“care”（关心，在意）加上“-less”变成“careless”（粗心的，没有小心的），所以选B。 17. The prefix “sub -” in “subway” means _. A. Under B. Over C. Around D. Through 【答案】 A. Under 【解析】“sub -”前缀表示“在……下面” 。“subway”（地铁）指在地下运行的铁路，所以选A。 18. The suffix “-ful” in “helpful” means _. A. Full of B. Without C. Capable of D. In a way 【答案】 A. Full of 【解析】“-ful”后缀表示“充满……的” 。“help”（帮助）加上“-ful”变成“helpful”（有帮助的，充满帮助的），所以选A。 19. The word “enlarge” is created by adding the prefix “en -” to “large”. What does “en -” do? A. It makes the word an adverb B. It makes the word a noun C. It makes the word an adjective D. It makes the word a verb, often meaning “make” or “cause to be” 【答案】 D. It makes the word a verb, often meaning “make” or “cause to be” 【解析】“en -”前缀加在形容词或名词前，常把其变成动词，意思是“使……，使成为……” 。“large”（大的，形容词）加上“en -”变成“enlarge”（扩大，使变大，动词），所以选D。 20. The prefix “post -” in “postgraduate” means _. A. After B. Before C. Between D. Under 【答案】 A. After 【解析】“post -”前缀表示“在……之后” 。“postgraduate”（研究生）指本科之后的学习阶段，所以选A。 21. The word “scientist” is formed by adding the suffix “-ist” to “science”. What does “-ist” indicate? A. A person who is skilled in or studies something B. A place related to something C. An action related to something D. A state of something 【答案】 A. A person who is skilled in or studies something 【解析】“-ist”后缀表示“……家，……者” ，指擅长或从事某方面研究的人 。“science”（科学）加上“-ist”变成“scientist”（科学家，研究科学的人），所以选A。 22. The suffix “-ize” in “organize” is used to form _. A. Verbs B. Nouns C. Adjectives D. Adverbs 【答案】 A. Verbs 【解析】“-ize”后缀常用来构成动词 。“organize”（组织）就是由名词“organ”（器官；机构等）加上“-ize”构成动词，所以选A。 23. The prefix “super -” in “supermarket” means _. A.Below B. Above, over or more than normal C. Inside D. Outside 【答案】 B. Above, over or more than normal 【解析】“super -”前缀表示“在……之上，超级，超过正常的” 。“supermarket”（超市）规模比一般商店更大，所以选B。 24. The word “weekly” is made from the noun “week” by adding the suffix “-ly”. What part of speech is “weekly” in this case? A.Adverb B. Adjective C. Noun D. Verb 【答案】 B. Adjective 【解析】“week”（周，名词）加上“-ly”变成“weekly”，在这里“weekly”是形容词，意为“每周的”，如“a weekly magazine”（周刊） 。虽然“-ly”加在形容词后常构成副词，但“weekly”“monthly”等词加“-ly”后既可以作形容词也可以作副词，在“a weekly magazine”中是形容词，所以选B。 25. The prefix “mid -” in “midnight” means _. A. Middle B. Before C. After D. Around、 【答案】 A. Middle 【解析】“mid -”前缀表示“中间” 。“midnight”（午夜）指夜晚的中间时刻，所以选A。 26. The suffix “-ship” in “friendship” is often used to show _. A. A state, quality or relationship B. A person who does something C. A place D. An action  【答案】 A. A state, quality or relationship 【解析】“-ship”后缀常用来表示“状态，性质，关系”等 。“friendship”（友谊）表示朋友之间的关系，所以选A。 27. The word “shorten” is formed by adding the suffix “-en” to “short”. What does “-en” usually do? A. It changes an adjective to a verb, often meaning “make” or “become” B. It changes a verb to an adjective C. It changes a noun to a verb D. It changes an adjective to a noun 【答案】 A. It changes an adjective to a verb, often meaning “make” or “become” 【解析】“-en”后缀加在形容词后，常把形容词变成动词，意思是“使……，变得……” 。“short”（短的，形容词）加上“-en”变成“shorten”（缩短，使变短，动词），所以选A。 28. The prefix “micro -” in “microscope” means _. A. Many B. Big C. Small D. Few 【答案】 C. Small 【解析】“micro -”前缀表示“小的，微小的” 。“microscope”（显微镜）用于观察微小物体，所以选C。 29. The suffix “-ward” in “forward” is used to form _. A. Adverbs indicating direction B. Adjectives C. Nouns D. Verbs 【答案】 A. Adverbs indicating direction 【解析】“-ward”后缀常构成表示方向的副词 。“forward”（向前），所以选A。 30. The word “electricity” is made from the adjective “electric” by adding the suffix “-ity”. What does this suffix do? A. It changes an adjective to a noun B. It changes a noun to an adjective C. It changes a verb to a noun D. It changes an adjective to an adverb 【答案】 A. It changes an adjective to a noun 【解析】“-ity”后缀常把形容词变成名词 。“electric”（电的，形容词）加上“-ity”变成“electricity”（电，电流，名词），所以选A。 31. The prefix “macro -” in “macroeconomics” means _. A. Small B. Large or general C. Middle D. Opposite 【答案】 B. Large or general 【解析】“macro -”前缀表示“大的，宏观的，总体的” 。“macroeconomics”（宏观经济学），所以选B。 32. The suffix “-ence” in “difference” is used to form _. A. Nouns B. Verbs C. Adjectives D. Adverbs 【答案】 A. Nouns 【解析】“-ence”是一个名词后缀 。“difference”（差异，不同）由形容词“different”（不同的）去掉“t”加“-ence”构成名词，所以选A。 33. The word “modernize” is created by adding the suffix “-ize” to “modern”. What part of speech does “-ize” usually form? A. Verbs B. Nouns C. Adjectives D. Adverbs 【答案】 A. Verbs 【解析】“-ize”通常构成动词 。“modern”（现代的，形容词）加上“-ize”变成“modernize”（使现代化，动词），所以选A。 34. The prefix “semi -” in “semicircle” means _. A.Whole B. Half C. Double D. Triple 【答案】 B. Half 【解析】“semi -”前缀表示“半，部分的” 。“semicircle”（半圆），所以选B。 35. The suffix “-y” in “sunny” is often added to nouns to form _. A. Adjectives B. Adverbs C. Verbs D. Nouns 【答案】 A. Adjectives 【解析】“sunny”是由名词“sun（太阳）”加后缀“-y”构成的形容词，意为“晴朗的”。此类后缀“-y”常加在名词后构成形容词，例如“cloud（云）→cloudy（多云的）”“rain（雨）→rainy（多雨的）”。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $