Unit 1 People of Achievement 期末派生法背记单词 清单-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

1

physiology /ˌfɪziˈɒlədʒi/ n. 生理学；生理机能

Studying physiology helps us understand the working principles of the human body.（学习生理学有助于我们理解人体的工作原理。）

physiological /ˌfɪziəˈlɒdʒɪkl/ adj. 生理的；生理学的

Regular exercise is essential for maintaining normal physiological functions.（规律运动对维持正常生理机能至关重要。）

2

crucial /ˈkruːʃl/ adj. 至关重要的；关键性的

The support of family and friends is crucial to one’s mental health.（家人和朋友的支持对一个人的心理健康至关重要。）

crucially /ˈkruːʃəli/ adv. 至关重要地；关键地

Crucially, we must finish the project before the deadline to avoid extra costs.（关键是，我们必须在截止日期前完成项目，以避免额外成本。）

3

vital /ˈvaɪtl/ adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的

Water and air are vital to all living things on Earth.（水和空气对地球上所有生物都必不可少。）

1. vitally /ˈvaɪtəli/ adv. 极其重要地；充满活力地2. vitality /vaɪˈtæləti/ n. 活力；生命力

1. It is vitally important to develop good study habits in high school.（在高中养成良好的学习习惯极其重要。）2. Outdoor activities can help students regain physical vitality after long classes.（户外活动能帮助学生在长时间课后恢复身体活力。）

4

committed /kəˈmɪtɪd/ adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的

She is a committed teacher who spends extra time helping weak students.（她是一位尽心尽力的老师，会花额外时间帮助后进生。）

1. commit /kəˈmɪt/ vt. 承诺；保证；vi. 忠于2. commitment /kəˈmɪtmənt/ n. 承诺；献身；投入

1. He promised to commit more time to his family after his promotion.（他承诺晋升后会花更多时间陪伴家人。）2. Her commitment to scientific research has won her many awards.（她对科研的投入为她赢得了许多奖项。）

5

commit /kəˈmɪt/ vt. 承诺；保证；vi. 忠于；全心全意投入

If you commit to learning a language, you must practice it every day.（如果你决心学一门语言，就必须每天练习。）

1. committed /kəˈmɪtɪd/ adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的2. commitment

1. The committed team finally completed the difficult task ahead of schedule.（这支坚定的团队最终提前完成

/kəˈmɪtmənt/ n. 承诺；献身

了艰巨任务。）2. Making a long-term commitment requires careful consideration.（作出长期承诺需要慎重考虑。）

6

academy /əˈkædəmi/ n.（艺术、文学、科学等的）研究院；学会；专科院校

The Chinese Academy of Sciences has made great achievements in space exploration.（中国科学院在太空探索领域取得了重大成就。）

academic /ˌækəˈdemɪk/ adj. 学业的；学术的；n. 学者

1. He has excellent academic performance and often ranks first in his grade.（他学业成绩优异，经常在年级排名第一。）2. The meeting invited many academics to discuss environmental issues.（会议邀请了多位学者讨论环境问题。）

7

academic /ˌækəˈdemɪk/ adj. 学业的；学术的；n. 学者；大学生

Academic research should be combined with real-life needs.（学术研究应与现实需求相结合。）

1. academy /əˈkædəmi/ n. 研究院；学会2. academically /ˌækəˈdemɪkli/ adv. 学业上；学术上

1. This academy is famous for its research in biology.（这所研究院以生物学研究闻名。）2. She is academically gifted and easily masters difficult knowledge.（她学业天赋出众，能轻松掌握难点知识。）

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objective /əbˈdʒektɪv/ n. 目标；目的；adj. 客观的

Our main objective this semester is to improve students’ English writing skills.（我们这学期的主要目标是提高学生的英语写作能力。）

1. objectively /əbˈdʒektɪvli/ adv. 客观地2. objectivity /ˌɒbdʒekˈtɪvəti/ n. 客观性

1. When evaluating others’ works, we should view them objectively.（评价他人作品时，我们应客观看待。）2. The report lacks objectivity because it ignores important data.（这份报告缺乏客观性，因为它忽略了重要数据。）

9

botanical /bəˈtænɪkl/ adj. 植物学的

The botanical garden collects thousands of rare plant species from around the

botany /ˈbɒtəni/ n. 植物学

She decided to study botany in college because she has loved plants since childhood.

world.（这个植物园收集了来自世界各地的数千种珍稀植物。）

（她决定在大学学习植物学，因为她从小就喜欢植物。）

10

evaluate /ɪˈvæljueɪt/ vt. 评价；评估

Teachers need to evaluate students’ performance comprehensively, not just through exams.（教师需要全面评估学生表现，而不仅仅通过考试。）

1. evaluation /ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃn/ n. 评价；评估2. evaluative /ɪˈvæljuətɪv/ adj. 评价的；评估的

1. The evaluation of the new policy will be completed next month.（新政策的评估工作将于下个月完成。）2. The essay requires evaluative comments on the author’s writing style.（这篇作文要求对作者的写作风格给出评价性评论。）

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distinct /dɪˈstɪŋkt/ adj. 清晰的；清楚的；有区别的

There is a distinct difference between traditional and modern art styles.（传统艺术风格和现代艺术风格有明显区别。）

1. distinctly /dɪˈstɪŋktli/ adv. 清晰地；明显地2. distinction /dɪˈstɪŋkʃn/ n. 区别；差别；优秀

1. I distinctly remembered telling him to bring the document, but he forgot.（我清楚记得告诉他带文件，但他忘了。）2. We should make a clear distinction between right and wrong.（我们应明确区分是非。）

12

boil /bɔɪl/ vt. & vi.（使）沸腾；煮开；n. 沸腾；沸点

You must boil the water before drinking it to kill harmful bacteria.（喝水前必须把水烧开，以杀死有害细菌。）

1. boiling /ˈbɔɪlɪŋ/ adj. 沸腾的；滚烫的2. boiled /bɔɪld/ adj. 煮熟的；煮沸的

1. Be careful with the boiling water—it may burn your hands.（小心滚烫的水，可能会烫伤手。）2. My mother usually prepares boiled eggs for breakfast.（我妈妈通常早餐准备煮鸡蛋。）

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acknowledge /əkˈnɒlɪdʒ/ vt. 承认（属实、权威等）；（公开）感谢

The company finally acknowledged its mistake and apologized to customers.（公司最终承认错误，并向客户道歉。）

1. acknowledgement /əkˈnɒlɪdʒmənt/ n. 承认；感谢2. acknowledged /əkˈnɒlɪdʒd/ adj. 公认的；得到认可的

1. The author expressed her acknowledgement to her family in the book.（作者在书中向家人表达了感谢。）2. He is an acknowledged expert in the field of artificial intelligence.（他是人工智能领域公认的专家。）