Unit 7 单元测试 2025-2026学年译林版（2024）八年级英语上册

Unit 7 单元测试卷 满分:100分 时间:60分钟 一、单项选择。(每小题1分,共10分) ( ) 1. The Great Barrier Reef lies off _______ northeast coast of Australia and it's _______ great natural wonder. A. the; 不填 B. a; 不填 C. the; a D. a; the ( ) 2. In spring, the weather gets warm _______ the trees start to turn green. A. because B. but C. whether D. and ( ) 3. — The final exam is coming soon, and I feel nervous. — Don’t worry. It’s _______ to have butterflies in your stomach before an exam. A. rude B. exciting C. perfect D. natural ( ) 4. The _______ is an ideal home for different kinds of plants, fish and birds. A. building B. zoo C. wetland D. forest ( ) 5. Sandy’s new fashion design _______ a white blouse and blue jeans. A. paints B. knocks C. collects D. includes ( ) 6. — Can I use your dictionary, please? — Sure. Here you are. But please _______ it on time. A. take B. make C. return D. bring ( ) 7. Women in any country want to keep their ages to themselves. _______, you’d better not ask the private questions like this when you talk with them. A. Therefore B. However C. Surprisingly D. Luckily ( ) 8. Which of the following sentences follows the structure of “S + V + IO + DO”? A. Autumn leaves turn brown. B. Sandy’s mum bought her a new hat. C. I found him very interesting. D. Tommy does some reading every day. ( ) 9. — Since you know how harmful smoking is, you’d better _______ it at once. — You’re right. I’ll take action from today. A. get rid of B. get ready for C. get tired of D. get along with ( ) 10. — The movie we watched last night was interesting and the actors were good. — _______ I really liked it. It’s one of the best movies this year. A. Me too. B. You said it! C. I don’t think so. D. I’m not sure. 1. 答案：C - 解析：“the northeast coast of...”表示“……的东北海岸”，是特定的方位，需用定冠词the；“a great natural wonder”表示“一个伟大的自然奇观”，“wonder”是可数名词单数，这里表示泛指，用不定冠词a 。 2. 答案：D - 解析：“the weather gets warm”（天气变暖）和“the trees start to turn green”（树木开始变绿）是并列关系，用and连接。because表原因；but表转折；whether意为“是否” 。 3. 答案：D - 解析：rude意为“粗鲁的”；exciting意为“令人兴奋的”；perfect意为“完美的”；natural意为“自然的；正常的”。考试前感到紧张是正常的，用natural。 4. 答案：C - 解析：building意为“建筑物”；zoo意为“动物园”；wetland意为“湿地”；forest意为“森林”。湿地是各种植物、鱼类和鸟类理想的家园，这是常识，选wetland。 5. 答案：D - 解析：paints意为“绘画；涂漆”；knocks意为“敲；击”；collects意为“收集”；includes意为“包括”。这里说桑迪的新时尚设计包括一件白色衬衫和蓝色牛仔裤，用includes。 6. 答案：C - 解析：take意为“拿走；带走”；make意为“制作；使”；return意为“归还”；bring意为“带来”。借了字典要按时归还，用return。 7. 答案：A - 解析：therefore意为“因此”；however意为“然而”；surprisingly意为“令人惊讶地”；luckily意为“幸运地” 。因为女性不想透露年龄，所以最好别问这类私人问题，前后是因果关系，用therefore。 8. 答案：B - 解析：“S + V + IO + DO”结构即“主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语” 。A选项“Autumn leaves turn brown.”是“S + V + P”（主语+系动词+表语）结构；B选项“Sandy’s mum bought her a new hat.”中“Sandy’s mum”是主语，“bought”是及物动词，“her”是间接宾语，“a new hat”是直接宾语，符合该结构；C选项“I found him very interesting.”是“S + V + DO + OC”（主语+及物动词+直接宾语+宾语补足语）结构；D选项“Tommy does some reading every day.”是“S + V + O”（主语+及物动词+宾语）结构。 9. 答案：A - 解析：get rid of意为“摆脱；去除”；get ready for意为“为……做准备”；get tired of意为“对……感到厌倦”；get along with意为“与……相处”。知道吸烟有害，最好摆脱吸烟这个习惯，用get rid of。 10. 答案：B - 解析：Me too.意为“我也是”；You said it!意为“你说得对！”；I don’t think so.意为“我不这么认为”；I’m not sure.意为“我不确定” 。根据“I really liked it. It’s one of the best movies this year.”可知，对方同意前者对电影的评价，用You said it! 。 二、完形填空。(每小题1.5分,共15分) Daisy was in the bathroom. She was brushing her teeth and the tap(水龙头) was on. Water was running. “Turn that tap off,” a voice said loudly. Daisy was shocked. She 1 , but saw no one. “Turn that tap off. You are wasting water!” someone shouted 2 . This time Daisy turned off the tap and asked, “Who—who are you?” “I am a drop of water. It’s not 3 for me to get here. Do you know where I’m from?” “From the tap?” said Daisy. “No. A few days ago, I was flying comfortably in a cloud, enjoying the view from the sky. Then I 4 into a river and that river carried me to a lake. Then it was time for me to get cleaned up.” “Really?” Daisy asked. “Yes. I was 5 after my journey. So in order to make me safe to drink, people gave me complete 6 . After that, I 7 in the pipes(管道) under the streets. I waited there until you called me, and here I am.” Daisy said, “So this is the end of your 8 ?” “No. I will be back in the sea again. That’s where I came from in the first place. Remember not to waste me or pollute me. I’m valuable, 9 gold. See you.” “Wait a minute. What do you mean by saying gold?” But there was no 10 . The water had gone. ( ) 1. A. looked out B. looked up C. looked around D. looked back ( ) 2. A. impolitely B. happily C. kindly D. quietly ( ) 3. A. lucky B. comfortable C. easy D. fast ( ) 4. A. moved B. stepped C. broke D. dropped ( ) 5. A. tired B. pleased C. dirty D. dangerous ( ) 6. A. training B. checking C. starting D. cleaning ( ) 7. A. entered B. flew C. travelled D. thought ( ) 8. A. history B. activity C. journey D. chance ( ) 9. A. as B. like C. from D. of ( ) 10. A. reply B. noise C. time D. gold 1. 答案：C - 解析：looked out意为“向外看；小心”；looked up意为“查阅；抬头看”；looked around意为“环顾四周”；looked back意为“回头看；回顾”。戴西听到声音后环顾四周，没看到人，用looked around。 2. 答案：A - 解析：impolitely意为“不礼貌地”；happily意为“开心地”；kindly意为“和蔼地”；quietly意为“安静地” 。根据“Turn that tap off. You are wasting water!”可知，这个声音是不礼貌地大喊，用impolitely。 3. 答案：C - 解析：lucky意为“幸运的”；comfortable意为“舒适的”；easy意为“容易的”；fast意为“快的”。水滴说自己来到这里并不容易，用easy。 4. 答案：D - 解析：moved意为“移动”；stepped意为“迈步；踏入”；broke意为“打破”；dropped意为“落下；掉落” 。水滴从云中落入河中，用dropped。 5. 答案：C - 解析：tired意为“疲惫的”；pleased意为“高兴的”；dirty意为“脏的”；dangerous意为“危险的”。经过旅程后水滴变脏了，所以人们要净化它，用dirty。 6. 答案：D - 解析：training意为“训练”；checking意为“检查”；starting意为“开始”；cleaning意为“清洁” 。为了能安全饮用，人们对水滴进行全面清洁，用cleaning。 7. 答案：C - 解析：entered意为“进入”；flew意为“飞”；travelled意为“旅行；行进”；thought意为“思考”。水滴在管道中流动，用travelled。 8. 答案：C - 解析：history意为“历史”；activity意为“活动”；journey意为“旅程”；chance意为“机会”。戴西问这是否是水滴旅程的终点，用journey。 9. 答案：B - 解析：as意为“作为；像……一样”，后常接句子；like意为“像”，是介词，后接名词等；from意为“从”；of意为“……的”。这里说水滴像金子一样珍贵，用like。 10. 答案：A - 解析：reply意为“回复”；noise意为“噪音”；time意为“时间”；gold意为“金子”。戴西问问题，但没有得到回复，水就消失了，用reply。 三、阅读理解。(每小题1.5分,共22.5分) 第一节 阅读下列短文,从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The world is getting warmer, and the ice in high mountains is melting. How can we slow down the melting? Wearing “clothes” In the 1990s, people in Switzerland put white “blankets” on ski areas. The white colour can reflect the sunshine and keep the ice cool. The blankets are made of wool, so rain can go through the blankets and become ice. It can slow down the melting by about 50 to 70 percent. Today, the “blankets” in Switzerland cover 10,000 to 50,000 square metres of ice. Painting the rocks Farmers in the Andes Mountains in Peru use a similar idea. Above 5,000 metres, they paint the rocks with white “paint”. The paint is made of water, sand and soap. The soap helps it stick to the rocks. The white rocks can be 16℃ cooler than the dark rocks. _______ Scientists at an organization called Glaciers Alive turn to man-made snow for help in Switzerland. In winter, they use water from a small lake up in the mountain. The water goes down some pipes. On the pipes, there are shower heads(喷头). The water flows out from the pipes and becomes snow on the mountain. ( ) 1. What does the underlined word “melting” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. 冻结 B. 凝结 C. 消失 D. 融化 ( ) 2. What are the “blankets” used for? A. Keeping the ice warm. B. Slowing down the melting of the ice. C. Making the mountain more beautiful. D. Replacing the ice. ( ) 3. Why are the paint and blankets white according to the passage? A. Because white makes the paint and blankets seem clean. B. Because white is different from the colour of the mountain. C. Because the white colour can reflect the sunshine. D. Because the white colour can make the ice warmer. ( ) 4. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. The white paint. B. Water. C. Sand. D. The white rock. ( ) 5. What’s the best subtitle for Paragraph 4? A. An organization called Glaciers Alive B. Creating snow C. Help from Switzerland D. The melting of the ice B In a small village, a very sick girl, Maggie, was found by the roadside. The villagers felt pity for the poor child. “Take her to the poorhouse,” a villager suggested. “The poorhouse is a sad place for a sick and helpless child,” answered another. They discussed the solution for a while but still no one seemed willing to take her. Finally, Joe Thompson, a kind man, couldn’t leave Maggie behind. He carried her home gently. As he got home, Jane, his childless, ill-tempered(易怒的) wife, angrily questioned, “What did you bring her here for?” “She is too weak to walk,” replied Joe. “I will carry her to the poorhouse tomorrow and the guardians there must be seen first.” “Why not get the whole thing off your hands tonight?” “Keep this poor child for a single night, please,” begged Joe. Jane didn’t answer, but a soft feeling rose in her heart. “Treat her nicely,” said Joe. “Think of the loneliness, pain and sadness in her coming life.” Jane went quietly into the room where Maggie was in. Joe didn’t follow. He noticed that Jane’s attitude(态度) had changed. She sat by Maggie’s bed, talking kindly to her. Maggie’s eyes were fixed upon Jane. The little girl’s expression was sad yet thankful. “What are you going to do with Maggie?” Jane asked after supper. “You knew she was to go to the poorhouse,” replied Joe. Jane looked strangely at Joe and her eyes dropped. Early the next morning, Jane said to Joe, “Let’s keep her a day or two longer. She is so weak and helpless.” Actually, Joe never saw the guardians at all. For a week, Jane was so kind to Maggie that she would rather live in the poorhouse herself than send Maggie there. At the same time, Maggie brought happiness to their lives in return. Their home was filled with laughter and love. ( ) 6. What happened to Maggie in the beginning? A. She was taken to the poorhouse. B. Many villagers hoped to raise her. C. A guardian came and took her home. D. Few villagers wanted to look after her. ( ) 7. What did Jane mean by saying the underlined sentence? A. She couldn’t wait to send little Maggie away. B. She was angry because Joe didn’t finish his work. C. She couldn’t believe Joe did nothing at home. D. She was mad because Joe took useless things home. ( ) 8. (创新考法·情感变化)Which of the following shows the change of Jane’s attitude towards Maggie? ( ) 9. What would Maggie’s life probably be like in the future? A. She would work hard in a poorhouse. B. She would see the guardians at times. C. She would live happily with her new family. D. She would have a hard time at the Thompsons’. ( ) 10. What would be the best title for the story? A. Maggie’s suffering B. The strength of love C. The regret of Joe Thompson D. The power of happiness 1. 答案：D - 解析：根据“The world is getting warmer”（世界正在变暖）可知，冰山应该是在融化，“melting”意为“融化” 。 2. 答案：B - 解析：根据“The white colour can reflect the sunshine and keep the ice cool... It can slow down the melting by about 50 to 70 percent.”可知，“blankets”的作用是减缓冰的融化，选B。 3. 答案：C - 解析：根据“The white colour can reflect the sunshine and keep the ice cool.”和“The white rocks can be 16℃ cooler than the dark rocks.”可知，白色能反射阳光，从而使冰保持凉爽，选C。 4. 答案：A - 解析：根据“Farmers in the Andes Mountains in Peru use a similar idea. Above 5,000 metres, they paint the rocks with white ‘paint’... The soap helps it stick to the rocks.”可知，“it”指代的是白色的油漆，选A。 5. 答案：B - 解析：第四段主要讲科学家利用人造雪来帮助减缓冰的融化，“Creating snow”（制造雪）符合该段内容 。A选项“一个名为Glaciers Alive的组织”，没有突出主要内容；C选项“来自瑞士的帮助”，范围太宽泛；D选项“冰的融化”，不是该段重点。 6. 答案：D - 解析：根据“They discussed the solution for a while but still no one seemed willing to take her.”可知，一开始很少有村民愿意照顾玛吉，选D。 7. 答案：A - 解析：“Why not get the whole thing off your hands tonight?”意思是为什么不今晚就把这件事解决掉，即简迫不及待想把玛吉送走，选A。 8. 答案：从最初简对玛吉的到来表示生气，态度是负面的；到后来听了乔的话，态度有所转变；再到最后对玛吉非常好，态度变为正面。所以正确的情感变化是从Negative（负面）到Positive（正面），答案选A 。 9. 答案：C - 解析：根据“For a week, Jane was so kind to Maggie that she would rather live in the poorhouse herself than send Maggie there. At the same time, Maggie brought happiness to their lives in return. Their home was filled with laughter and love.”可知，玛吉未来很可能和她的新家庭（汤普森一家）幸福地生活在一起，选C。 10. 答案：B - 解析：文章讲述了乔和简从不愿意照顾玛吉到被玛吉打动，最后一家人充满爱的故事，体现了爱的力量，“The strength of love”（爱的力量）符合文章主旨。A选项“玛吉的苦难”，不是文章重点；C选项“乔·汤普森的后悔”，文章未体现；D选项“幸福的力量”，没有突出“爱”这一关键因素。 第二节 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Everybody knows that protecting the environment today makes for a better tomorrow. Kids can also be taught to do their bit for helping the environment. A large number of people just have the water running when they are washing faces or brushing teeth. 11. _______ Another thing kids can do is take a shorter shower. Video games use a lot of energy. Encourage kids to go out to play in the fresh air or finish their homework instead of playing these video games. 12. _______ Teach kids to turn off lights when they are not in use. 13. _______ Since kids are not told about environmental problems, they do not know they are wasting electricity. 14._______ Try not to use paper cups and plates whenever possible. Cutting down on the use of paper wherever possible will help to save more trees. Use recycled paper. Kids must be educated about saving the environment at a young age. 15. _______ And we can together make a great effort to have a cleaner and greener earth. A. In this way, kids can save energy. B. Ask your kids to try to save paper. C. If kids can also play a role in helping to save the earth, it will be great. D. Most of the time, kids will leave the lights on when they leave the classroom. E. It is a good way to save our environment. F. Kids should be taught to turn off the tap when they do the same things. 11. 答案：F - 解析：前文说很多人洗脸或刷牙时让水一直流着，F选项“Kids should be taught to turn off the tap when they do the same things.”（孩子们应该被教导在做同样事情时关掉水龙头）与之呼应，符合语境。 12. 答案：A - 解析：鼓励孩子出去玩或做作业而不是玩电子游戏，这样可以节省能源，A选项“In this way, kids can save energy.”（通过这种方式，孩子们可以节省能源）符合。 13. 答案：D - 解析：教孩子们不用灯时关掉灯，D选项“Most of the time, kids will leave the lights on when they leave the classroom.”（大多数时候，孩子们离开教室时会让灯亮着）解释了为什么要教孩子关灯，符合。 14. 答案：B - 解析：后文提到尽量少用纸杯和纸盘，节约用纸，B选项“Ask your kids to try to save paper.”（让你的孩子试着节约用纸）能概括该段内容。 15. 答案：C - 解析：前文说孩子们应该从小接受保护环境的教育，C选项“If kids can also play a role in helping to save the earth, it will be great.”（如果孩子们也能在拯救地球中发挥作用，那就太好了）承接上文，符合语境。 四、用所给词的适当形式填空。(每小题1分,共5分) 1.Let’s work together _______ (solve) this difficult situation. 2.How _______ (sad) she was telling me that she lost another bike! 3.Smoking is _______ (harm) to your health. You should give it up. 4.Many _______ (environment) groups are working hard to save endangered species. 5.Every year, our school _______ (hold) the sports meeting, leaving me many good memories. 1. 答案：to solve - 解析：“work together to do sth.”表示“一起努力做某事”，用动词不定式作目的状语，所以填to solve。 2. 答案：sadly - 解析：修饰动词“was telling”要用副词，“sad”的副词形式是sadly。 3. 答案：harmful - 解析：“be harmful to...”表示“对……有害”，“harm”的形容词形式是harmful。 4. 答案：environmental - 解析：修饰名词“groups”要用形容词，“environment”的形容词形式是environmental，“environmental groups”意为“环保组织”。 5. 答案：holds - 解析：根据“Every year”可知，句子时态是一般现在时，主语“our school”是第三人称单数，所以“hold”用第三人称单数形式holds。 五、根据汉语提示完成句子。(每小题1.5分,共7.5分) 1.我们选了一家旅馆短暂逗留。 We chose a hotel _______. 2.对每个人来说,有一个均衡的饮食是必要的。 It’s necessary for everyone _______. 3. 每个人在保护环境方面都发挥着作用。 Everyone ____________ play in protecting the environment. 4. 为了保护野生动物，政府建立了许多自然公园。(set up)   5. 相当多的学生喜欢他的课。(quite a few)  1. 答案：for a short stay - 解析：“for a short stay”表示“短暂逗留”，作目的状语。 2. 答案：to have a balanced diet - 解析：“It’s +形容词+ for sb. to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，“有一个均衡的饮食”用“have a balanced diet”。 3. 答案：plays a role - 解析：“play a role in...”表示“在……方面发挥作用”，主语“Everyone”是第三人称单数，所以“play”用第三人称单数形式plays。 4. 答案：To protect wild animals, the government has set up many nature parks. - 解析：“为了保护野生动物”用“To protect wild animals”作目的状语，“建立”用“set up”，根据语境，用现在完成时表示动作对现在造成的影响，即“政府已经建立了许多自然公园”，“set up”的现在完成时形式是“has/have set up”，主语“the government”是第三人称单数，用“has set up” 。 5. 答案：Quite a few students like his classes. - 解析：“quite a few”表示“相当多”，修饰可数名词复数“students”，“喜欢他的课”用“like his classes”。 六、短文填空。(每空1分，共15分) 第一节 根据首字母提示补全短文。 Most of Greenland is white because it's covered with snow and ice. Under all that snow and ice lies a rocky(多岩石的) world. And people found a special canyon there. In 2013, scientists were studying the 1. e______ in Greenland. They were using special tools to look for the rocks deep below the ice. While doing this, they 2. f______ one of the world's largest canyons. The canyon starts in the central part of the island and 3. r______ north to the Arctic Ocean(北冰洋). The canyon runs for at least 750 kilometres and is 800 metres deep. It is 4. l______ than any other canyon on the earth. It is nearly as deep as the Grand Canyon in the United States. 5. B______ of its size, it was named "Grand Canyon of Greenland". How did "Grand Canyon of Greenland" come into being? There are 6. t______ possible ways. The first is that the huge ice made the canyon. When ice 7. s______ moved across the land, it cut its surface and created deep holes. The other is that the huge rivers 8. m______ it. For the last two million years, the world temperatures have gone up and down many times. When they went up, a lot of Greenland's ice melted into 9. w______ and flowed into the ocean. 10. P______ of water made the long deep canyon. The discovery(发现) of Greenland's Grand Canyon is quite surprising. It can also help scientists understand the history of Greenland. 1. 答案：earth - 解析：科学家在格陵兰岛研究地球相关的内容，“earth”意为“地球”。 2. 答案：found - 解析：他们发现了世界上最大的峡谷之一，“find”意为“发现”，根据“2013”可知，用一般过去时，“find”的过去式是found。 3. 答案：runs - 解析：峡谷从岛屿中部向北延伸至北冰洋，“run”有“延伸”的意思，主语“The canyon”是第三人称单数，所以用runs。 4. 答案：larger - 解析：根据“than”可知，用比较级，这里说它比地球上其他峡谷都大，“large”的比较级是larger。 5. 答案：Because - 解析：“because of...”表示“因为”，后接名词、代词或动名词，这里说因为它的大小，所以被命名为“格陵兰大峡谷”。 6. 答案：two - 解析：后文提到了峡谷形成的两种可能方式，所以填two。 7. 答案：slowly - 解析：冰缓慢地移动，修饰动词“moved”用副词，“slow”的副词形式是slowly。 8. 答案：made - 解析：巨大的河流形成了峡谷，“make”意为“制造；形成”，根据语境用一般过去时，“make”的过去式是made。 9. 答案：water - 解析：冰融化成水，“water”意为“水”。 10. 答案：Plenty - 解析：“plenty of”表示“大量的”，修饰不可数名词“water”。 第二节 (核心素养·文化意识)根据短文内容，从中选择合适的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 算 盘 oldest However more than made is known as The Chinese abacus is known as suanpan. It is an important part of traditional Chinese culture and it 1. ____________ China's fifth great invention. People use the abacus to count at a faster speed so it has been called "the 2. ____________ computer in the world". To use the abacus correctly, something is necessary for you to know. It usually has 3. ____________ seven rods(杆). There are two beads(珠子) on each rod in the upper deck (层) and five beads each in the bottom. The beads are usually round and 4. ____________ of wood. We count the beads by moving them up or down towards the beam(横梁). If you move them toward the beam, you count their value. 5. ____________, if you move them away the beam, you can't count their value. The abacus can be reset(重置) to the starting position quickly, so then you can start to count again easily. Today, the use of the abacus is still taught in some primary schools as part of Maths. 1. 答案：is known as - 解析：“be known as...”表示“被称为……”，算盘被称为中国的第五大发明，主语“It”是第三人称单数，所以用is known as。 2. 答案：oldest - 解析：人们用算盘快速计算，所以它被称为“世界上最古老的计算机”，用“old”的最高级oldest。 3. 答案：more than - 解析：算盘通常有超过七根杆，“more than”表示“超过”。 4. 答案：made - 解析：“be made of...”表示“由……制成”（能看出原材料），珠子通常由木头制成，用made。 5. 答案：However - 解析：前文说珠子向横梁移动时计算其值，后文说远离横梁时不算其值，前后是转折关系，用However。 七、任务型阅读。(1~7小题每小题1分，第8小题3分，共10分) 阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后1~8小题的空格里填入最恰当的内容。注意：第1~7小题每个空格只填1个单词；第8小题词数不限。 Background knowledge is the knowledge a person has about the world when he or she starts to read a text. It is agreed that background knowledge is of great importance in reading. In short, the more you know about a topic, the easier it is for you to read a text, understand it, and remember the information. To understand this, here are two points. First, background knowledge enables readers to choose between different meanings of words. For example, if you read the word "operation" in a sports article, you might think of a sportsperson with a serious injury. But if you read the word in a math text, you'd think of a mathematical process. Second, understanding a text needs readers to fill the missing information and make further understanding. To do this, readers need to have some basic knowledge about the topic. Students get background knowledge both through personal experiences and by learning in the classroom. Then how can teachers help students build background knowledge? Here is some advice. Begin by teaching words in categories(种类). For example, teachers can try something as easy as this: apples, bananas, strawberries, and mangoes. They are a type of... (fruit). Categories of objects can help students increase the number of new words. Encourage topic-centred wide reading. Reading builds knowledge, but wide reading has usually been taken as reading about a lot of different topics. Teachers can try a different way: Encourage children to find an interest and read as many books as they can on one topic. This will help them get a deeper knowledge on a topic. Use multimedia(多媒体). Direct experiences are the most effective ways to build knowledge. There is nothing more exciting for students than learning through direct experiences, such as field trips and other activities. Although multimedia cannot take the place of real-life experiences, it can often provide a lot of information that we could only wish to experience first-hand. It can also introduce children to important words. Background knowledge is important in a student's ability to fully understand a text. Teachers' hard work can help students become stronger thinkers and lifelong readers and learners. Background knowledge 1. _ us with reading What Background knowledge is what a person has already known about the world when he or she starts to read a text. Why Knowing more about the topic makes it 2. _ for you to fully understand a text. With background knowledge,readers can exactly understand the 3. _ of the word in the text. Basic knowledge 4. _ readers to fill the missing information and make further understanding of a text. How Begin by teaching words in categories. Teachers can introduce words of the 5. _ type to the students. For example,they can teach students apples,bananas,strawberries,and mangoes. They are a type of... (fruit). Encourage topic-centred wide reading. Teachers can encourage children to find what they are 6. _ in and read as many books as possible on that topic. This will help them understand the topic more deeply. Use multimedia. Multimedia can 7. _ students others' direct experiences. It can also teach students some important words. Voice your ideas How does your teacher help you build background knowledge? 8. _ 1. . 2. . 3. . 4. . 5. . 6. . 7. . 8. . 1. 答案：helps - 解析：根据“Background knowledge is of great importance in reading.”可知，背景知识对阅读有帮助，“help sb. with sth.”表示“帮助某人做某事”，动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填helps。 2. 答案：easier - 解析：根据“the more you know about a topic, the easier it is for you to read a text, understand it, and remember the information.”可知，对主题了解得越多，理解文本就越容易，用比较级，故填easier。 3. 答案：meaning - 解析：根据“background knowledge enables readers to choose between different meanings of words.”可知，背景知识能让读者理解单词在文中的意思，故填meaning。 4. 答案：enables - 解析：根据“understanding a text needs readers to fill the missing information and make further understanding. To do this, readers need to have some basic knowledge about the topic.”可知，基础知识能使读者填补缺失信息，“enable sb. to do sth.”表示“使某人能够做某事”，主语“Basic knowledge”是第三人称单数，故填enables。 5. 答案：same - 解析：根据“Begin by teaching words in categories(种类). For example, teachers can try something as easy as this: apples, bananas, strawberries, and mangoes. They are a type of... (fruit).”可知，教师可以介绍同一类的单词，故填same。 6. 答案：interested - 解析：根据“Encourage children to find an interest and read as many books as they can on one topic.”可知，鼓励孩子们找到自己感兴趣的东西并阅读相关书籍，“be interested in...”表示“对……感兴趣”，故填interested。 7. 答案：provide - 解析：根据“Although multimedia cannot take the place of real-life experiences, it can often provide a lot of information that we could only wish to experience first-hand.”可知，多媒体可以为学生提供他人的直接经验，“provide sb. with sth.”表示“为某人提供某物”，故填provide。 8. 答案：示例：My teacher often encourages us to read widely on topics we are interested in. - 解析：本题为开放性问题，结合自身实际回答即可，需体现教师帮助构建背景知识的方式。 八、书面表达。(共15分) 美丽的草原对地球生态很重要,请你以“Protecting the grasslands”为题,根据下面提示写一篇80 词左右的短文,开头已给出,不计入总词数。 提示: 1.草原的重要性; 2.人类活动对草原的危害; 3.保护草原的建议。 Protecting the grasslands Grasslands are important. Many animals live there，like一 Protecting the grasslands Grasslands are important. Many animals live there, like sheep, horses and cows. They are also home to various plants and play a key role in maintaining the ecological balance. However, human activities are harming grasslands. Overgrazing and excessive development have led to grassland degradation and desertification. To protect grasslands, we should control grazing, plant more grass and trees, and raise people's awareness of grassland protection. Only by working together can we keep the grasslands beautiful and healthy. 解析： - 草原的重要性：描述了草原是众多动物和植物的家园，对维持生态平衡至关重要，符合要点要求。 - 人类活动的危害：指出过度放牧和过度开发导致草原退化和沙漠化，内容具体。 - 保护建议：提出控制放牧、植树种草、提高保护意识等措施，逻辑清晰，涵盖题目要点。 - 整体语言通顺，词数符合要求，有效完成了短文写作任务。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 7 单元测试卷 满分:100分 时间:60分钟 一、单项选择。(每小题1分,共10分) ( ) 1. The Great Barrier Reef lies off _______ northeast coast of Australia and it's _______ great natural wonder. A. the; 不填 B. a; 不填 C. the; a D. a; the ( ) 2. In spring, the weather gets warm _______ the trees start to turn green. A. because B. but C. whether D. and ( ) 3. — The final exam is coming soon, and I feel nervous. — Don’t worry. It’s _______ to have butterflies in your stomach before an exam. A. rude B. exciting C. perfect D. natural ( ) 4. The _______ is an ideal home for different kinds of plants, fish and birds. A. building B. zoo C. wetland D. forest ( ) 5. Sandy’s new fashion design _______ a white blouse and blue jeans. A. paints B. knocks C. collects D. includes ( ) 6. — Can I use your dictionary, please? — Sure. Here you are. But please _______ it on time. A. take B. make C. return D. bring ( ) 7. Women in any country want to keep their ages to themselves. _______, you’d better not ask the private questions like this when you talk with them. A. Therefore B. However C. Surprisingly D. Luckily ( ) 8. Which of the following sentences follows the structure of “S + V + IO + DO”? A. Autumn leaves turn brown. B. Sandy’s mum bought her a new hat. C. I found him very interesting. D. Tommy does some reading every day. ( ) 9. — Since you know how harmful smoking is, you’d better _______ it at once. — You’re right. I’ll take action from today. A. get rid of B. get ready for C. get tired of D. get along with ( ) 10. — The movie we watched last night was interesting and the actors were good. — _______ I really liked it. It’s one of the best movies this year. A. Me too. B. You said it! C. I don’t think so. D. I’m not sure. 二、完形填空。(每小题1.5分,共15分) Daisy was in the bathroom. She was brushing her teeth and the tap(水龙头) was on. Water was running. “Turn that tap off,” a voice said loudly. Daisy was shocked. She 1 , but saw no one. “Turn that tap off. You are wasting water!” someone shouted 2 . This time Daisy turned off the tap and asked, “Who—who are you?” “I am a drop of water. It’s not 3 for me to get here. Do you know where I’m from?” “From the tap?” said Daisy. “No. A few days ago, I was flying comfortably in a cloud, enjoying the view from the sky. Then I 4 into a river and that river carried me to a lake. Then it was time for me to get cleaned up.” “Really?” Daisy asked. “Yes. I was 5 after my journey. So in order to make me safe to drink, people gave me complete 6 . After that, I 7 in the pipes(管道) under the streets. I waited there until you called me, and here I am.” Daisy said, “So this is the end of your 8 ?” “No. I will be back in the sea again. That’s where I came from in the first place. Remember not to waste me or pollute me. I’m valuable, 9 gold. See you.” “Wait a minute. What do you mean by saying gold?” But there was no 10 . The water had gone. ( ) 1. A. looked out B. looked up C. looked around D. looked back ( ) 2. A. impolitely B. happily C. kindly D. quietly ( ) 3. A. lucky B. comfortable C. easy D. fast ( ) 4. A. moved B. stepped C. broke D. dropped ( ) 5. A. tired B. pleased C. dirty D. dangerous ( ) 6. A. training B. checking C. starting D. cleaning ( ) 7. A. entered B. flew C. travelled D. thought ( ) 8. A. history B. activity C. journey D. chance ( ) 9. A. as B. like C. from D. of ( ) 10. A. reply B. noise C. time D. gold 三、阅读理解。(每小题1.5分,共22.5分) 第一节 阅读下列短文,从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The world is getting warmer, and the ice in high mountains is melting. How can we slow down the melting? Wearing “clothes” In the 1990s, people in Switzerland put white “blankets” on ski areas. The white colour can reflect the sunshine and keep the ice cool. The blankets are made of wool, so rain can go through the blankets and become ice. It can slow down the melting by about 50 to 70 percent. Today, the “blankets” in Switzerland cover 10,000 to 50,000 square metres of ice. Painting the rocks Farmers in the Andes Mountains in Peru use a similar idea. Above 5,000 metres, they paint the rocks with white “paint”. The paint is made of water, sand and soap. The soap helps it stick to the rocks. The white rocks can be 16℃ cooler than the dark rocks. _______ Scientists at an organization called Glaciers Alive turn to man-made snow for help in Switzerland. In winter, they use water from a small lake up in the mountain. The water goes down some pipes. On the pipes, there are shower heads(喷头). The water flows out from the pipes and becomes snow on the mountain. ( ) 1. What does the underlined word “melting” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. 冻结 B. 凝结 C. 消失 D. 融化 ( ) 2. What are the “blankets” used for? A. Keeping the ice warm. B. Slowing down the melting of the ice. C. Making the mountain more beautiful. D. Replacing the ice. ( ) 3. Why are the paint and blankets white according to the passage? A. Because white makes the paint and blankets seem clean. B. Because white is different from the colour of the mountain. C. Because the white colour can reflect the sunshine. D. Because the white colour can make the ice warmer. ( ) 4. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. The white paint. B. Water. C. Sand. D. The white rock. ( ) 5. What’s the best subtitle for Paragraph 4? A. An organization called Glaciers Alive B. Creating snow C. Help from Switzerland D. The melting of the ice B In a small village, a very sick girl, Maggie, was found by the roadside. The villagers felt pity for the poor child. “Take her to the poorhouse,” a villager suggested. “The poorhouse is a sad place for a sick and helpless child,” answered another. They discussed the solution for a while but still no one seemed willing to take her. Finally, Joe Thompson, a kind man, couldn’t leave Maggie behind. He carried her home gently. As he got home, Jane, his childless, ill-tempered(易怒的) wife, angrily questioned, “What did you bring her here for?” “She is too weak to walk,” replied Joe. “I will carry her to the poorhouse tomorrow and the guardians there must be seen first.” “Why not get the whole thing off your hands tonight?” “Keep this poor child for a single night, please,” begged Joe. Jane didn’t answer, but a soft feeling rose in her heart. “Treat her nicely,” said Joe. “Think of the loneliness, pain and sadness in her coming life.” Jane went quietly into the room where Maggie was in. Joe didn’t follow. He noticed that Jane’s attitude(态度) had changed. She sat by Maggie’s bed, talking kindly to her. Maggie’s eyes were fixed upon Jane. The little girl’s expression was sad yet thankful. “What are you going to do with Maggie?” Jane asked after supper. “You knew she was to go to the poorhouse,” replied Joe. Jane looked strangely at Joe and her eyes dropped. Early the next morning, Jane said to Joe, “Let’s keep her a day or two longer. She is so weak and helpless.” Actually, Joe never saw the guardians at all. For a week, Jane was so kind to Maggie that she would rather live in the poorhouse herself than send Maggie there. At the same time, Maggie brought happiness to their lives in return. Their home was filled with laughter and love. ( ) 6. What happened to Maggie in the beginning? A. She was taken to the poorhouse. B. Many villagers hoped to raise her. C. A guardian came and took her home. D. Few villagers wanted to look after her. ( ) 7. What did Jane mean by saying the underlined sentence? A. She couldn’t wait to send little Maggie away. B. She was angry because Joe didn’t finish his work. C. She couldn’t believe Joe did nothing at home. D. She was mad because Joe took useless things home. ( ) 8. (创新考法·情感变化)Which of the following shows the change of Jane’s attitude towards Maggie? ( ) 9. What would Maggie’s life probably be like in the future? A. She would work hard in a poorhouse. B. She would see the guardians at times. C. She would live happily with her new family. D. She would have a hard time at the Thompsons’. ( ) 10. What would be the best title for the story? A. Maggie’s suffering B. The strength of love C. The regret of Joe Thompson D. The power of happiness 第二节 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Everybody knows that protecting the environment today makes for a better tomorrow. Kids can also be taught to do their bit for helping the environment. A large number of people just have the water running when they are washing faces or brushing teeth. 11. _______ Another thing kids can do is take a shorter shower. Video games use a lot of energy. Encourage kids to go out to play in the fresh air or finish their homework instead of playing these video games. 12. _______ Teach kids to turn off lights when they are not in use. 13. _______ Since kids are not told about environmental problems, they do not know they are wasting electricity. 14._______ Try not to use paper cups and plates whenever possible. Cutting down on the use of paper wherever possible will help to save more trees. Use recycled paper. Kids must be educated about saving the environment at a young age. 15. _______ And we can together make a great effort to have a cleaner and greener earth. A. In this way, kids can save energy. B. Ask your kids to try to save paper. C. If kids can also play a role in helping to save the earth, it will be great. D. Most of the time, kids will leave the lights on when they leave the classroom. E. It is a good way to save our environment. F. Kids should be taught to turn off the tap when they do the same things. 四、用所给词的适当形式填空。(每小题1分,共5分) 1.Let’s work together _______ (solve) this difficult situation. 2.How _______ (sad) she was telling me that she lost another bike! 3.Smoking is _______ (harm) to your health. You should give it up. 4.Many _______ (environment) groups are working hard to save endangered species. 5.Every year, our school _______ (hold) the sports meeting, leaving me many good memories. 五、根据汉语提示完成句子。(每小题1.5分,共7.5分) 1.我们选了一家旅馆短暂逗留。 We chose a hotel _______. 2.对每个人来说,有一个均衡的饮食是必要的。 It’s necessary for everyone _______. 3. 每个人在保护环境方面都发挥着作用。 Everyone ____________ play in protecting the environment. 4. 为了保护野生动物，政府建立了许多自然公园。(set up)   5. 相当多的学生喜欢他的课。(quite a few)   六、短文填空。(每空1分，共15分) 第一节 根据首字母提示补全短文。 Most of Greenland is white because it's covered with snow and ice. Under all that snow and ice lies a rocky(多岩石的) world. And people found a special canyon there. In 2013, scientists were studying the 1. e______ in Greenland. They were using special tools to look for the rocks deep below the ice. While doing this, they 2. f______ one of the world's largest canyons. The canyon starts in the central part of the island and 3. r______ north to the Arctic Ocean(北冰洋). The canyon runs for at least 750 kilometres and is 800 metres deep. It is 4. l______ than any other canyon on the earth. It is nearly as deep as the Grand Canyon in the United States. 5. B______ of its size, it was named "Grand Canyon of Greenland". How did "Grand Canyon of Greenland" come into being? There are 6. t______ possible ways. The first is that the huge ice made the canyon. When ice 7. s______ moved across the land, it cut its surface and created deep holes. The other is that the huge rivers 8. m______ it. For the last two million years, the world temperatures have gone up and down many times. When they went up, a lot of Greenland's ice melted into 9. w______ and flowed into the ocean. 10. P______ of water made the long deep canyon. The discovery(发现) of Greenland's Grand Canyon is quite surprising. It can also help scientists understand the history of Greenland. 第二节 (核心素养·文化意识)根据短文内容，从中选择合适的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 算 盘 oldest However more than made is known as The Chinese abacus is known as suanpan. It is an important part of traditional Chinese culture and it 1. ____________ China's fifth great invention. People use the abacus to count at a faster speed so it has been called "the 2. ____________ computer in the world". To use the abacus correctly, something is necessary for you to know. It usually has 3. ____________ seven rods(杆). There are two beads(珠子) on each rod in the upper deck (层) and five beads each in the bottom. The beads are usually round and 4. ____________ of wood. We count the beads by moving them up or down towards the beam(横梁). If you move them toward the beam, you count their value. 5. ____________, if you move them away the beam, you can't count their value. The abacus can be reset(重置) to the starting position quickly, so then you can start to count again easily. Today, the use of the abacus is still taught in some primary schools as part of Maths. 七、任务型阅读。(1~7小题每小题1分，第8小题3分，共10分) 阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后1~8小题的空格里填入最恰当的内容。注意：第1~7小题每个空格只填1个单词；第8小题词数不限。 Background knowledge is the knowledge a person has about the world when he or she starts to read a text. It is agreed that background knowledge is of great importance in reading. In short, the more you know about a topic, the easier it is for you to read a text, understand it, and remember the information. To understand this, here are two points. First, background knowledge enables readers to choose between different meanings of words. For example, if you read the word "operation" in a sports article, you might think of a sportsperson with a serious injury. But if you read the word in a math text, you'd think of a mathematical process. Second, understanding a text needs readers to fill the missing information and make further understanding. To do this, readers need to have some basic knowledge about the topic. Students get background knowledge both through personal experiences and by learning in the classroom. Then how can teachers help students build background knowledge? Here is some advice. Begin by teaching words in categories(种类). For example, teachers can try something as easy as this: apples, bananas, strawberries, and mangoes. They are a type of... (fruit). Categories of objects can help students increase the number of new words. Encourage topic-centred wide reading. Reading builds knowledge, but wide reading has usually been taken as reading about a lot of different topics. Teachers can try a different way: Encourage children to find an interest and read as many books as they can on one topic. This will help them get a deeper knowledge on a topic. Use multimedia(多媒体). Direct experiences are the most effective ways to build knowledge. There is nothing more exciting for students than learning through direct experiences, such as field trips and other activities. Although multimedia cannot take the place of real-life experiences, it can often provide a lot of information that we could only wish to experience first-hand. It can also introduce children to important words. Background knowledge is important in a student's ability to fully understand a text. Teachers' hard work can help students become stronger thinkers and lifelong readers and learners. Background knowledge 1. _ us with reading What Background knowledge is what a person has already known about the world when he or she starts to read a text. Why Knowing more about the topic makes it 2. _ for you to fully understand a text. With background knowledge,readers can exactly understand the 3. _ of the word in the text. Basic knowledge 4. _ readers to fill the missing information and make further understanding of a text. How Begin by teaching words in categories. Teachers can introduce words of the 5. _ type to the students. For example,they can teach students apples,bananas,strawberries,and mangoes. They are a type of... (fruit). Encourage topic-centred wide reading. Teachers can encourage children to find what they are 6. _ in and read as many books as possible on that topic. This will help them understand the topic more deeply. Use multimedia. Multimedia can 7. _ students others' direct experiences. It can also teach students some important words. Voice your ideas How does your teacher help you build background knowledge? 8. _ 1. . 2. . 3. . 4. . 5. . 6. . 7. . 8. . 八、书面表达。(共15分) 美丽的草原对地球生态很重要,请你以“Protecting the grasslands”为题,根据下面提示写一篇80 词左右的短文,开头已给出,不计入总词数。 提示: 1.草原的重要性; 2.人类活动对草原的危害; 3.保护草原的建议。 Protecting the grasslands Grasslands are important. Many animals live there，like一 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $