Unit 4 课时3 Lesson 12（分层作业）英语北师大版九年级全一册

Unit 4 Space 课时3 Lesson 12 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 alien n. 外星人adj. 外星的 captain n. 船长 uncomfortable adj.不舒服的 unlucky adj. 不幸的 unknown adj. 未知的 spacesuit n. 航天服 Earth n. 地球；世界 attack v. 攻击 短语 take off 脱去；去掉 pick up 拾起，捡起 一、单词默写。 1. _________ /ˈeɪljən/ n. 外星人adj. 外星的 2. ________ /ˈspeɪssjuːt/ n. 航天服 3. _________ /ˈkæptɪn/ n. 船长 4. ________ /ʌnˈlʌki/ adj. 不幸的 5. ________ /əˈtæk/ v. 攻击 6. ________ /ˌʌnˈnəʊn/ adj. 未知的 7. ________ /ɜːθ/ n. 地球；世界 8. ________ /ʌnˈkʌmfətəbl/ adj.不舒服的 【答案】alien; spacesuit; captain; unlucky; attack; unknown; Earth; uncomfortable 二、写出以下词组的表达。 1. 拾起，捡起__________ 2. 脱去；去掉 ___________ 【答案】pick up; take off 三、根据要求完成句子​ 1.科学家们正在研究一种来自未知世界的物质。 Scientists are studying a substance from an ______ world. 2.船长命令全体船员为即将到来的风暴做好准备。 The ______ ordered the crew to prepare for the coming storm. 3.这架旧飞机的座椅对于长途飞行来说很不舒服。 The seats on this old plane are very ______ for long flights. 4.他在比赛开始前受伤，真是太不幸了。 It was very ______ that he got injured just before the match started. 5.蜜蜂通常不会主动攻击人类。 Bees usually do not ______ humans unless provoked. 6.地球是太阳系中已知唯一有生命的行星。 ______ is the only planet in our solar system known to have life. 7.航天服能保护宇航员在太空的极端环境中生存。 The ______ protects astronauts from the extreme environment of space. 8.这部电影讲述了一个外星人试图与人类交朋友的故事。 The movie is about an ______ who tries to make friends with humans. 【答案】 1.unknown 2.captain 3.uncomfortable 4.unlucky 5.attack 6.Earth 7.spacesuit 8.alien 四 、单项选择 1．Betty is my sister. ________ hobby is drawing. A．His B．Her C．Your D．Their 2．—What’s the weather like in Beijing ________ July? —It’s very hot. A．in B．on C．at D．with 3．Put on your coat, you will get cold. A．or B．so C．but D．and 4．—________ apples would you like, Madam? —I’d like 5, thanks. A．How old B．How long C．How much D．How many 5．Running is one of ________ sports in the world. A．popular B．most popular C．more popular D．the most popular 6．I’m sorry I ________ go now. My English lesson will start in five minutes. A．may B．must C．can D．could 7．If it is sunny tomorrow, we ________ the mountain together. A．climb B．climbed C．will climb D．were climbing 8．Tom is very friendly. He often ________ his classmates. A．is helping B．helps C．will help D．has helped 9．My neighbor Ms Li ________ piano lessons to children for three years. A．is teaching B．taught C．has taught D．was teaching 10．My sister _______ a model plane when I got home. A．makes B．was making C．is making D．has made 11．A new sports center ________ in our community next year. A．builds B．will build C．is built D．will be built 12．—Lily, could you tell me______last night? —Oh, I went to the library. A．where you went B．where did you go C．where you will go D．where will you go 【答案】 1．B 【详解】句意：贝蒂是我的妹妹。她的爱好是画画。 考查代词辨析。His他的；Her她的；Your你的；Their他们的。根据“Betty is my sister. ”可知，此处指“贝蒂的”，女性，所以用her。故选B。 2．A 【详解】句意：——北京七月的天气怎么样？——很热。 考查介词辨析。in其后加早中晚，月份，季节，年份等；on其后加星期或具体的时间；at其后加点钟；with和。“July”是月份，所以用in，in July“在七月”。故选A。 3．A 【详解】句意：穿上外套，否则你会感冒的。 考查句型“祈使句，and/or+一般将来时。” “祈使句，and +一般将来时的陈述句”：在这里祈使句相当于if 引导的条件状语从句（但此时去掉and），and后简单句一般是表示好的结果。“祈使句，or+一般将来时的陈述句”：在这里祈使句相当于if…not或unless 引导的条件状语从句（但此时去掉or），or后简单句一般是表不理想的结果。例如，（1）Give me one more hour, and I’ll get the work finished.（祈使句）=If you give me one more hour, I’ll get the work finished.（if条件句）（2）Listen to the teacher carefully in class, or you can’t catch what he is saying.=If don’t listen to the teacher carefully in class, you can’t catch what he is saying.结合句意可知填or；选A。 4．D 【详解】句意：——夫人，您想要几个苹果？——我要5个，谢谢。 考查疑问词词组辨析。How old几岁；How long多长时间；How much多少，询问不可数名词或价钱；How many多少，询问可数名词复数。根据“I’d like 5”可知是对数量提问，apples是可数名词复数，所以用how many，故选D。 5．D 【详解】句意：跑步是世界上最受欢迎的运动之一。 考查最高级。“one of the+最高级+复数名词”表示“最……之一”，D选项结构正确，故选D。 6．B 【详解】句意：对不起，我现在得走了。 五分钟后我的英语课就要开始了。 考查情态动词辨析。may可能；must必须；can能够；could可以。根据“My English lesson will start in five minutes”可知，英语课要开始了，所以必须要走了，故选B。 7．C 【详解】句意：如果明天晴天，我们会一起去爬山。 考查时态。句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，主句用一般将来时will do。故选C。 8．B 【详解】句意：汤姆很友好。他经常帮助他的同学。 考查时态。根据“Tom is very friendly. He often...his classmates.”可知，时态是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单，故选B。 9．C 【详解】句意：我的邻居李女士教孩子钢琴课已经三年了。 考查时态。根据“for three years”可知句子应使用现在完成时have/has done。故选C。 10．B 【详解】句意“当我到家时，我的妹妹正在做飞机模型”。A.一般现在时；B.过去进行时；C.现在进行时；D.现在完成时。根据when I got home可知，表示过去，且根据句意可知，表示“正在做飞机模型”，故选B。 11．D 【详解】句意：明年在我们社区一个新大的体育中心将会被建成。 本题考查的是时态和语态，根据所给空后面的next year可知，是一般将来时，排除A和C，主语是A new sports center，谓语动词是build，主语发不出谓语动词的动作，所以要用被动语态，故答案选D。 12．A 【详解】句意：——Lily，你能告诉我昨晚去哪里了么？——嗯，我去了图书馆。 考查宾语从句时态和语序辨析。宾语从句用陈述语序：引导词+主语+谓语，排除BD；last night是过去时间，宾语从句中主句用一般过去式，从句如果不是客观事实或者真理，也要用一般过去式。故选A。 五、完形填空。 Today, we are going to talk about Wang Haoze, a member of the Shenzhou-19 crew (神舟十九号乘组). In 2024, Wang Haoze became the third Chinese 1 to travel to space. She was born in 1990 in Hebei Province. Her mother is a middle school teacher and her father is a policeman. 2 in a family like that, she learned the importance of working hard from an early age. During her time at university, she showed great 3 ability, so she was always at the top of class. In addition to studying, she was also a sports lover and often took part in sports competitions. In 2015, Wang finished her studies and started working as a rocket engineer (工程师) in Beijing. One day, she heard about the selection (选拔) of 4 and decided to try for it. About 2,500 people took part in it. Finally, Wang 5 all the tests and became the only woman among 18 astronauts. From then on, Wang Haoze faced many new challenges (挑战). She went through 6 times at sea and in deserts. And one test was that she couldn’t sleep for 72 hours. However, 7 could make her give up. “I kept going and after nearly 1,000 times of practice, I finally met the training standards,” Wang said. On October 30th, 2024, she was 8 sent into space with two other astronauts, and realised her lifelong dream of travelling to space. 1．A．man B．woman C．student D．police 2．A．Growing up B．Waking up C．Caught up D．Taken up 3．A．sports B．painting C．music D．learning 4．A．engineers B．astronauts C．teachers D．scientists 5．A．failed B．found C．passed D．lost 6．A．relaxing B．comfortable C．free D．difficult 7．A．everything B．anything C．nothing D．something 8．A．successfully B．nearly C．usually D．awfully 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．C 8．A 【导语】本文讲述了航天员王浩泽在家人熏陶下刻苦学习、努力训练，最终通过层层选拔成为神舟十九号乘组中唯一女性航天员并成功飞天的故事。 1．句意：在2024年，王浩泽成为第三位进入太空的中国女性。 man男人；woman女人；student学生；police警察。根据“She was born in 1990 in Hebei Province”可知王浩泽是女性。故选B。 2．句意：在这样的家庭中长大，她从小就懂得努力的重要性。 Growing up长大；Waking up醒来；Caught up赶上；Taken up从事。根据“in a family like that”可知此处指在这样的家庭中长大。故选A。 3．句意：大学期间她表现出极强的学习能力，所以一直名列前茅。 sports体育；painting绘画；music音乐；learning学习。根据“always at the top of class”可知她总是名列前茅，可见她的学习能力很强。故选D。 4．句意：一天，她听说航天员选拔并决定尝试。 engineers工程师；astronauts航天员；teachers教师；scientists科学家。根据“all the tests and became the only woman among 18 astronauts.”可知是选拔航天员。故选B。 5．句意：最终王浩泽通过所有测试并成为18名航天员中唯一的女性。 failed失败；found发现；passed通过；lost失去。根据“all the tests and became the only woman among 18 astronauts.”可知她通过了测试。故选C。 6．句意：她在海上和沙漠中度过了艰难的时光。 relaxing放松的；comfortable舒适的；free自由的；difficult困难的。根据“times at sea and in deserts”可知海上和沙漠里的训练很艰苦。故选D。 7．句意：然而没有什么能让她放弃。 everything一切；anything任何事物；nothing没有东西；something某事。根据“could make her give up”可知没有什么能使她放弃。故选C。 8．句意：在2024年10月30日，她与其他两名航天员一起成功进入太空，实现了她毕生的太空旅行梦想。 successfully成功地；nearly几乎；usually通常；awfully糟糕地。根据“sent into space with two other astronauts, and realised her lifelong dream of travelling to space.”可知她实现了自己的梦想，所以是成功地进入了太空。故选A。 六、阅读理解。 Some people say that exploring space costs too much money. They argue that we should use this money to solve problems on Earth first, like hunger and pollution. However, I believe that space exploration is very important for us. First, many useful inventions come from space research. For example, the cameras in our phones, GPS for finding directions, and even some medical tools were first made for space travel. These inventions make our daily lives better and easier. Second, by studying other planets like Mars, we can learn more about our own. Scientists study the climate of Mars to understand climate change on Earth better. This knowledge can help us protect our planet in the future. Finally, space exploration brings all countries together. It encourages scientists around the world to work as a team. This cooperation can lead to peace and new friendships between nations. In conclusion, space exploration is not a waste. It gives us new technology, helps us understand Earth, and unites (团结) the world. It is an investment (投资) for our future. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．According to the passage, which is NOT an invention from space research? A．Phone cameras. B．GPS. C．Television. D. CD 2．What is the main purpose of studying other planets like Mars? A．To find new places to live. B．To learn more about our own. C．To compete with other countries. 3．What does the underlined word “cooperation” mean in Chinese? A．合作 B．竞争 C．挑战 D. 战争 4．How does the writer organize the passage? A．By telling a story about a space trip. B．By giving reasons to support an idea. C．By comparing Earth and Mars. D. By listing points. 5．Which is the best title for this passage? A．Why Space Exploration is Important B．The Problems of Space Exploration C．A Story of Mars Exploration D. History of exploration 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要论述了太空探索的重要性，反驳了 “太空探索花费过高，应先解决地球问题” 的观点，并从技术发明、了解地球、促进国际团结三个方面进行阐述。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“For example, the cameras in our phones, GPS for finding directions, and even some medical tools were first made for space travel.”可知，手机摄像头、全球定位系统均是来自太空研究的发明，文中未提及电视。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Second, by studying other planets like Mars, we can learn more about our own.”可知，研究火星等其他行星的主要目的是更好地了解我们自己的地球。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“It encourages scientists around the world to work as a team. This cooperation can lead to peace and new friendships between nations.”可知，cooperation指的是前文提到的“全世界科学家团队合作”，在中文中对应的意思是“合作”。故选A。 4．推理判断题。文章开篇先提出“有人认为太空探索花费过高，应先解决地球问题”这一观点，随后以“However”转折，表明自己的立场，接着从“带来有用发明”“帮助了解地球”“促进国际团结”三个方面给出理由支撑观点，最后总结升华。由此可知，作者通过给出理由支撑观点的方式组织文章。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。文章围绕“太空探索很重要”展开，从多个角度论述其重要性。选项A“Why Space Exploration is Important”最适合作为文章标题。故选A。 Part 1: Read and Explore Astronauts would face dangers both getting to and surviving (生存) on Mars. Let’s learn about surviving a trip to Mars. What would it take to keep people safe and healthy on a trip to Mars? Scientists are already working on it though the trip may be many years later. Over the last 60 years, many spacecrafts (航天器) have flown by, orbited (沿轨道运行) and even landed on the Red Planet. However, humans could work faster and smarter than machines. That’s why the United States, China and other countries want to send people to Mars. But surviving this trip would not be easy. A trip to Mars would be the farthest journey in human history. Mars is about 225 million kilometers away, so it would take astronauts at least six months to reach there. However, it only takes a few days to get to the moon. While space travel is never free of danger, it takes a lot more health risks to travel in space for a long time. For one thing, staying in space for long periods makes the human body weak. Also, it puts pressure behind the eyes and causes eye problems. But gravity (重力) machines could help. Then there’s space radiation (辐射) to worry about. It might raise the risk of health problems, especially for astronauts who will have long journeys. Scientists are working out the problems. They have found taking certain vitamins (维生素) can help. Astronauts will have to pack light to lift off from Earth. But they won’t be able to get things they need like astronauts on the space station do. Astronauts on the space station practice for this by growing lettuce and other food in space. Engineers are developing 3D printing techniques which could allow future Mars astronauts to build tools as needed. Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: 根据其内容填空和回答问题。 1．Why do the countries want to send astronauts to Mars? ______________________________________________________ 2．How long would it take astronauts to reach Mars? ______________________________________________________ 3．Do you think the space travel is dangerous? ______________________________________________________ 4．What might raise the risk of health problems for astronauts? ______________________________________________________ 【答案】1．Because humans could work faster and smarter than machines. 2．At least six months. 3．Yes, I do./ Yes, I think so. 4．Space radiation. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍如何在火星之旅中生存。 1．根据“However, humans could work faster and smarter than machines. That’s why the United States, China and other countries want to send people to Mars.”可知，因为人类能够比机器工作得更快更聪明。故填Because humans could work faster and smarter than machines. 2．根据“Mars is about 225 million kilometers away, so it would take astronauts at least six months to reach there.”可知，至少需要六个月。故填At least six months. 3．根据“While space travel is never free of danger, it takes a lot more health risks to travel in space for a long time.”可知，太空旅行是危险的。故填Yes, I do./ Yes, I think so. 4．根据“Then there’s space radiation (辐射) to worry about. It might raise the risk of health problems, especially for astronauts who will have long journeys.”可知，太空辐射可能会增加健康问题的风险，尤其是对于那些要进行长途旅行的宇航员。故填Space radiation. Task 2: What does the passage mainly talk about? ______________________________________________________ 【答案】 Surviving a trip to Mars. 根据“Astronauts would face dangers both getting to and surviving (生存) on Mars. Let’s learn about surviving a trip to Mars.”可知，本文主要介绍如何在火星之旅中生存。故填Surviving a trip to Mars. 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Space 课时3 Lesson 12 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 alien n. 外星人adj. 外星的 captain n. 船长 uncomfortable adj.不舒服的 unlucky adj. 不幸的 unknown adj. 未知的 spacesuit n. 航天服 Earth n. 地球；世界 attack v. 攻击 短语 take off 脱去；去掉 pick up 拾起，捡起 一、单词默写。 1. _________ /ˈeɪljən/ n. 外星人adj. 外星的 2. ________ /ˈspeɪssjuːt/ n. 航天服 3. _________ /ˈkæptɪn/ n. 船长 4. ________ /ʌnˈlʌki/ adj. 不幸的 5. ________ /əˈtæk/ v. 攻击 6. ________ /ˌʌnˈnəʊn/ adj. 未知的 7. ________ /ɜːθ/ n. 地球；世界 8. ________ /ʌnˈkʌmfətəbl/ adj.不舒服的 二、写出以下词组的表达。 1. 拾起，捡起__________ 2. 脱去；去掉 ___________ 三、根据要求完成句子​ 1.科学家们正在研究一种来自未知世界的物质。 Scientists are studying a substance from an ______ world. 2.船长命令全体船员为即将到来的风暴做好准备。 The ______ ordered the crew to prepare for the coming storm. 3.这架旧飞机的座椅对于长途飞行来说很不舒服。 The seats on this old plane are very ______ for long flights. 4.他在比赛开始前受伤，真是太不幸了。 It was very ______ that he got injured just before the match started. 5.蜜蜂通常不会主动攻击人类。 Bees usually do not ______ humans unless provoked. 6.地球是太阳系中已知唯一有生命的行星。 ______ is the only planet in our solar system known to have life. 7.航天服能保护宇航员在太空的极端环境中生存。 The ______ protects astronauts from the extreme environment of space. 8.这部电影讲述了一个外星人试图与人类交朋友的故事。 The movie is about an ______ who tries to make friends with humans. 四 、单项选择 1．Betty is my sister. ________ hobby is drawing. A．His B．Her C．Your D．Their 2．—What’s the weather like in Beijing ________ July? —It’s very hot. A．in B．on C．at D．with 3．Put on your coat, you will get cold. A．or B．so C．but D．and 4．—________ apples would you like, Madam? —I’d like 5, thanks. A．How old B．How long C．How much D．How many 5．Running is one of ________ sports in the world. A．popular B．most popular C．more popular D．the most popular 6．I’m sorry I ________ go now. My English lesson will start in five minutes. A．may B．must C．can D．could 7．If it is sunny tomorrow, we ________ the mountain together. A．climb B．climbed C．will climb D．were climbing 8．Tom is very friendly. He often ________ his classmates. A．is helping B．helps C．will help D．has helped 9．My neighbor Ms Li ________ piano lessons to children for three years. A．is teaching B．taught C．has taught D．was teaching 10．My sister _______ a model plane when I got home. A．makes B．was making C．is making D．has made 11．A new sports center ________ in our community next year. A．builds B．will build C．is built D．will be built 12．—Lily, could you tell me______last night? —Oh, I went to the library. A．where you went B．where did you go C．where you will go D．where will you go 五、完形填空。 Today, we are going to talk about Wang Haoze, a member of the Shenzhou-19 crew (神舟十九号乘组). In 2024, Wang Haoze became the third Chinese 1 to travel to space. She was born in 1990 in Hebei Province. Her mother is a middle school teacher and her father is a policeman. 2 in a family like that, she learned the importance of working hard from an early age. During her time at university, she showed great 3 ability, so she was always at the top of class. In addition to studying, she was also a sports lover and often took part in sports competitions. In 2015, Wang finished her studies and started working as a rocket engineer (工程师) in Beijing. One day, she heard about the selection (选拔) of 4 and decided to try for it. About 2,500 people took part in it. Finally, Wang 5 all the tests and became the only woman among 18 astronauts. From then on, Wang Haoze faced many new challenges (挑战). She went through 6 times at sea and in deserts. And one test was that she couldn’t sleep for 72 hours. However, 7 could make her give up. “I kept going and after nearly 1,000 times of practice, I finally met the training standards,” Wang said. On October 30th, 2024, she was 8 sent into space with two other astronauts, and realised her lifelong dream of travelling to space. 1．A．man B．woman C．student D．police 2．A．Growing up B．Waking up C．Caught up D．Taken up 3．A．sports B．painting C．music D．learning 4．A．engineers B．astronauts C．teachers D．scientists 5．A．failed B．found C．passed D．lost 6．A．relaxing B．comfortable C．free D．difficult 7．A．everything B．anything C．nothing D．something 8．A．successfully B．nearly C．usually D．awfully 六、阅读理解。 Some people say that exploring space costs too much money. They argue that we should use this money to solve problems on Earth first, like hunger and pollution. However, I believe that space exploration is very important for us. First, many useful inventions come from space research. For example, the cameras in our phones, GPS for finding directions, and even some medical tools were first made for space travel. These inventions make our daily lives better and easier. Second, by studying other planets like Mars, we can learn more about our own. Scientists study the climate of Mars to understand climate change on Earth better. This knowledge can help us protect our planet in the future. Finally, space exploration brings all countries together. It encourages scientists around the world to work as a team. This cooperation can lead to peace and new friendships between nations. In conclusion, space exploration is not a waste. It gives us new technology, helps us understand Earth, and unites (团结) the world. It is an investment (投资) for our future. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．According to the passage, which is NOT an invention from space research? A．Phone cameras. B．GPS. C．Television. D. CD 2．What is the main purpose of studying other planets like Mars? A．To find new places to live. B．To learn more about our own. C．To compete with other countries. 3．What does the underlined word “cooperation” mean in Chinese? A．合作 B．竞争 C．挑战 D. 战争 4．How does the writer organize the passage? A．By telling a story about a space trip. B．By giving reasons to support an idea. C．By comparing Earth and Mars. D. By listing points. 5．Which is the best title for this passage? A．Why Space Exploration is Important B．The Problems of Space Exploration C．A Story of Mars Exploration D. History of exploration Part 1: Read and Explore Astronauts would face dangers both getting to and surviving (生存) on Mars. Let’s learn about surviving a trip to Mars. What would it take to keep people safe and healthy on a trip to Mars? Scientists are already working on it though the trip may be many years later. Over the last 60 years, many spacecrafts (航天器) have flown by, orbited (沿轨道运行) and even landed on the Red Planet. However, humans could work faster and smarter than machines. That’s why the United States, China and other countries want to send people to Mars. But surviving this trip would not be easy. A trip to Mars would be the farthest journey in human history. Mars is about 225 million kilometers away, so it would take astronauts at least six months to reach there. However, it only takes a few days to get to the moon. While space travel is never free of danger, it takes a lot more health risks to travel in space for a long time. For one thing, staying in space for long periods makes the human body weak. Also, it puts pressure behind the eyes and causes eye problems. But gravity (重力) machines could help. Then there’s space radiation (辐射) to worry about. It might raise the risk of health problems, especially for astronauts who will have long journeys. Scientists are working out the problems. They have found taking certain vitamins (维生素) can help. Astronauts will have to pack light to lift off from Earth. But they won’t be able to get things they need like astronauts on the space station do. Astronauts on the space station practice for this by growing lettuce and other food in space. Engineers are developing 3D printing techniques which could allow future Mars astronauts to build tools as needed. Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: 根据其内容填空和回答问题。 1．Why do the countries want to send astronauts to Mars? ______________________________________________________ 2．How long would it take astronauts to reach Mars? ______________________________________________________ 3．Do you think the space travel is dangerous? ______________________________________________________ 4．What might raise the risk of health problems for astronauts? ______________________________________________________ Task 2: What does the passage mainly talk about? ______________________________________________________ 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $