精品解析：2025年黑龙江省职教高考适应性测试题中职英语试卷（8）

黑龙江省职教高考·适应性测试题（8） 《 英 语 》 第I卷 选择题（共60分） 一、知识运用（本大题共40小题，每小题1分，共40分） I. 词汇与语法知识（30分） 在每小题列出的A、B、C、D四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的最佳选项，选出正确答案。 1. I know many machines require ________, but I don’t want ________ what to do. A. checking; to tell B. to check; to be told C. be checking; to tell D. checking; to be told 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我知道很多机器需要检查，但我不想被告知要做什么。“require doing”意为“需要被……”，用动名词主动形式表示被动含义，故第一空，“require checking”表示“需要被检查”。“want to be done”意为“想要被……”，第二空，“want to be told”表示“想要被告诉”，符合“我”不想被别人告知做什么的语境。故选D。 2. Many a man ________ come to help us. A. have B. has C. is D. are 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：许多人来帮助我们。“many a+单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词使用单数；空后come为过去分词，可与助动词has构成现在完成时结构。故选B。 3. It’s not long ________ they will realize what they did to their parents. A. since B. ago C. after D. before 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：不久之后他们就会意识到自己对父母做了什么。A. since自从；B. ago以前；C. after在……之后；D. before在……之前。此处为固定句型“It’s not long before...”，意为“不久之后就……”。 故选D。 4. Don’t worry about your broken pen. You can use ________. A. my B. mine C. yours D. I 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：不用担心你的笔坏了。你可以用我的。A. my我的（形容词性物主代词）；B. mine我的（名词性物主代词）；C. yours你的（名词性物主代词）；D. I我（主格）。根据“ You can use...”可知，这里表示“我的钢笔”，应用名词性物主代词“mine”，相当于my pen。故选B。 5. Several ________ died of water pollution last winter. A. hundreds villagers B. hundred of villagers C. hundreds of villager D. hundred villagers 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查数词和名词的数。句意：去年冬天，数百名村民死于水污染。当“hundred”前有具体数字（如 one, two, several）修饰时，使用单数形式“hundred”，且接复数名词；当表示不确切的数量时，使用“hundreds of+复数名词”，意为“数百个……”。故选D。 6. In order to reply ________ your letter, I think over all night. A. for B. at C. to D. with 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：为了回复你的信，我整晚都在思考。A. for为了；B. at在（某地、某时刻等）；C. to朝，向；D. with和……一起。固定短语“reply to”，意为“回复”，符合语境。故选C。 7. ________ will take part in the sports meeting next week? A. That B. Whether C. Who D. When 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查疑问词词义辨析。句意：谁将参加下周的运动会？A. That那个；B. Whether是否；C. Who谁；D. When什么时候。本句为特殊疑问句，句子缺少主语，且是对“人”进行提问，需要用疑问代词who。 故选C。 8. ________ had he come back home ________ the telephone began to ring. A. No sooner; when B. Hardly, than C. Not sooner; than D. Hardly; when 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查连词搭配。句意：他刚一回到家，电话就开始响了。“Hardly...when...”和“No sooner...than...”这两个表示“一……就……”的固定句型，且当“Hardly”和“No sooner”位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。D项符合语义和语法要求。故选D。 9. It must have rained yesterday night, ________ the ground is wet. A. as B. since C. because D. for 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。A. as因为（引导原因状语从句，语气较弱，常表示显而易见的原因）；B. since因为（引导原因状语从句，常表示已知的、显然的原因，语气比because弱）； C. because因为（引导原因状语从句，语气最强，强调直接原因）；D. for因为（是并列连词，连接两个并列分句，对前面的分句进行补充说明或推断）。此处“the ground is wet”是对 “It must have rained yesterday night”的补充说明、推断。故选D。 10. I was born ________. A. on October, 1976 B. on October 1st, 1976 C. in 1976 October D. in 1st 1976, October 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查介词辨析和时间表达法。句意：我出生于1976年10月1日。on后接具体的一天或者特定某天的上午、下午和晚上；in后接世纪、年、月、季节或者泛指的上午、下午和晚上。英语中，含“年月日”的具体日期表达形式为“on+月+日+年”；含“年月”的表达形式为“in+月+年”。由此可知，B项表达是正确的。故选B。 11. I saw a snake ________ on the hill yesterday. A. 5-meters-long B. 5-meter-long C. 5 meters long D. 5 meter long 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查复合形容词及长度表达。句意：昨天我在山上看到一条5米长的蛇。复合形容词（数词-单数单位名词-形容词）一般作前置定语，而此处作宾语“snake”的补足语，用“数词 + 单位名词（复数） + 形容词”结构，用于补充说明蛇的长度，“5 meters long”符合该结构。故选C。 12. This is the factory my mother visited last day. A. when B. where C. why D. which 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：这是我妈妈昨天参观的那家工厂。空格处引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词“the factory”，指物；从句中“visited”是及物动词，需要宾语，此处需用关系代词作宾语。“which”是关系代词，可指代物并在从句中作宾语，符合语法要求。故选D。 13. The old man said that his family ________ together someday. A. will make B. would make C. will get D. would get 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这位老人说他的家人总有一天会团聚。根据主句“The old man said”是一般过去时，宾语从句要用相应的过去时态，someday表示将来，所以用过去将来时“would + 动词原形”；“get together”是“团聚”的意思可知，“would get”符合语境，故选D。 14. We are paid by ________ month. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查冠词用法。句意：我们按月领工资。“by the month”是固定搭配，意为“按月”符合句意。故选C。 15. Paper produced every year is ________ the world’s production of vehicles. A. the three times weight of B. three times the weight of C. as three times heavy as D. three times as heavier as 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查倍数表达法。句意：每年生产的纸张的重量是世界车辆产量的三倍。倍速的表达有：“倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as+比较对象”、“倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than+比较对象”、“倍数+the+名词（如 size, length, weight 等）+of+比较对象”。B选项“three times the weight of...”表示“……的三倍重”，是正确的倍数表达结构。故选B。 16. There is ________ wrong with my bike. A. something B. everything C. anything D. none 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查不定代词辨析。句意：我的自行车出了点问题。A. something某些事情（一般用于肯定句中）；B. everything每件事物；C. anything任何事情（常用于否定句和疑问句中）；D. none全无。根据句意可知，我的自行车肯定在某个地方出了问题，所以应用something来表示肯定；“There is something wrong with ...”是固定句型，表示“……出了问题”。 故选A。 17. I didn’t hear because there was too much noise. A. what did he say B. what was he saying C. what he said D. what to say 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句的语序和时态。句意：我没听清他说的话，因为噪音太大了。空格处是“hear”的宾语，需用陈述语序：主语+谓语，且根据“didn’t hear”是一般过去时可知，从句也需用过去相关时态。故选C。 18. Under the big tree ________. A. stands a stone table B. a stone table standing C. does a stone table stands D. a stone table stood 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和完全倒装。句意:大树下有一张石桌。根据句意可知，“大树下有一张石桌。”是一种相对稳定的状态，用一般现在时。分析句子结构及选项可知，此处考查完全倒装句。当表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，且句子是主谓结构时，用完全倒装，即“方位副词/介词短语+谓语动词（单一的不及物动词）+主语（名词）”。本句中，地点状语是“Under the big tree (在大树下)”，主语是“a stone table”， stone table是单数名词短语，故把谓语动词“stands”直接提到主语“a stone table”之前。故选A。 19. You can’t see your little sister because she has gone abroad. A. still B. now C. later D. often 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：你现在见不到你的小妹妹了，因为她出国了。A. still仍然，表动作或状态持续；B. now现在；C. later稍后；D. often经常，表频率。根据“she has gone abroad”可知，妹妹已出国，当前时间见不到，故用now。故选B。 20. The man wife died of serious illness was very sad. A. whose B. that C. who D. whom 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：那位妻子死于重病的男士非常伤心。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the man”，且从句中“wife”需与先行词构成“所属关系”，需用表所属的关系代词。“whose”是表所属的关系代词，意为“……的”，可用于指代人或物。故选A。 21. Beijing is ________ capital of ________People’s Republic of ________ China. A. the; the; a B. the; the; / C. the; the; the D. the; a; the 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查冠词。句意：北京是中华人民共和国的首都。“the capital of...” 表示“……的首都”是固定用法；“the People’s Republic of China”是“中华人民共和国”的固定表达，专有名词China前不加冠词，故选B。 22. The little girl is ________everyone. We all like her. A. friendly for B. friendly to C. friend for D. friend with 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这个小女孩对每个人都很友好。我们都喜欢她。根据“be friendly to sb.”是固定短语，意为“对某人友好”可知，“friendly to”符合语境，故选B。 23. The boss asked me to buy two for his children. A. pair of shoes B. pairs of shoe C. pairs of shoes D. pair of shoe 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：老板让我给他的孩子们买两双鞋。“pair”是可数名词，前面有数量词“two”修饰时，需用复数形式“pairs”；“shoe”通常以复数形式“shoes”出现，与“pair of”搭配表示“一双鞋”，其复数表达为“pairs of shoes”。故选C。 24. ________, mother will wait for him to have dinner together. A. However late is he B. However he is late C. However is he late D. However late he is 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查however引导的让步状语从句。句意：不管他有多晚，妈妈都会等他一起吃晚饭。“however”引导让步状语从句时，结构为“however + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语”，D选项“However late he is”符合该结构。故选D。 25. Two ________and ________are having a picnic in the park. A. Frenchmans; Germen B. Frenchmen; Germans C. Frenchmans; Germans D. Frenchmen; Germen 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：两个法国人和三个德国人正在公园里野餐。根据“Two”可知，空处应用名词复数形式，Frenchman的复数形式是Frenchmen；German的复数形式是Germans，故选B。 26. You can’t come into the room ________ we are having a lesson. A. while B. as C. where D. which 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查状从连词。句意：我们上课时你不能进房间。A. while当……的时候，强调在某个时间段内，两个动作同时持续进行；B. as当……时候，侧重于动作的伴随性；C. where在……的地方；D. which……的那个。根据句意可知，我们正在上课的时候，你不能进入房间，强调的是have和come动作不能同时发生，应使用while。故选A。 27. I can’t follow you. Please repeat the ________ answers. A. one third B. three one C. first three D. third 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查数词的用法。句意：我跟不上你了。请重复前三个答案。此处“answers”为复数，“the + 序数词 + 基数词……”表示“前几个……”，“the first three”表示“前三个”，符合“重复前三个答案”的语境。故选C。 28. When we got to the theater, the play ________ for five minutes. A. had begun B. has been on C. begun D. had been on 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：当我们到达剧院时，戏剧已经上演五分钟了。“got to the theater”是过去的动作，“戏剧上演”这个动作发生在“到达”之前，即过去的过去，要用过去完成时；且“begin”是短暂性动词，与“for five minutes”连用时，需转化为延续性动词短语“be on”，其过去完成时形式是“had been on”。故选D。 29. — How many tigers did you see? — . A. No one B. None C. Nothing D. No many 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查不定代词。句意：——你看到多少只老虎了？——一只也没看到。A. No one没有人（仅用于指人，不指物）；B. None一个也没有（可指人或物，常用来回答“how many / much”引导的问句）；C. Nothing没有什么（指没有任何东西，侧重“不存在某物”，不用于回答数量）；D. No many无此正确表达（表达“不多”常用“Not many”）。问句“How many tigers ...”是对“老虎的数量”进行提问，需用能回答数量的词。“None”可指代前文提到的“tigers”，表示“数量上一只也没有”，符合语境。故选B。 30. ________the beautiful village, we climbed the mountain. A. See B. To see C. Seeing D. Seen 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了看那个美丽村庄，我们爬了山。“看那个美丽的村庄”是“我们爬山”的目的，故用动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。 Ⅱ. 交际用语(10分) 31. — ________. — Thank you very much, I will. A. Best wishes to you B. Congratulations C. Please say hello to your family D. What a good wish to your family 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——请代我向你的家人问好。——非常感谢，我会的。A. Best wishes to you送你最好的祝愿；B. Congratulations祝贺；C. Please say hello to your family请代我向你的家人问好；D. What a good wish to your family这是对你的家人最美好的祝福啊。根据“Thank you very much, I will.”可知，此处是向对方家人问好。故选C。 32. — Check in, please! — ________. A. OK, please give me your name and ID number B. Your room number is 303 C. OK, I’ll check it D. Let’s split this 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——请办理入住！——好的，请给我你的姓名和身份证号码。A. OK, please give me your name and ID number好的，请给我你的姓名和身份证号码；B. Your room number is 303你的房间号是303；C. OK, I’ll check it好的，我会检查它；D. Let’s split this我们分摊这个吧。根据“Check in, please!”可知，表明正在酒店前台登记入住，办理入住时通常需要客人提供姓名和身份证号码来核对身份信息。故选A。 33. — Good evening! Do you have a reservation? — Yes, we do. ________. A. We should go now B. I just want a glass of water C. But I want to have dinner here D. We have booked a table for two 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——晚上好！你们有预订吗？——是的，我们有。我们预订了一张两人桌。A. We should go now我们现在应该走了；B. I just want a glass of water我只想要一杯水；C. But I want to have dinner here但是我想在这里吃晚餐；D. We have booked a table for two我们预订了一张两人桌。根据“Do you have a reservation?”以及“Yes, we do.”可知，此处应说明预订的情况，D选项符合语境。故选D。 34. — What can I do for you? — ________. A. I’d like to order something for lunch B. It’s so kind of you C. We prefer to sit by the window, please D. Sorry, this is not what I ordered 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我能为您做些什么？——我想订些午餐。A. I’d like to order something for lunch我想订些午餐；B. It’s so kind of you你真是太好了；C. We prefer to sit by the window, please我们想要靠窗的座位；D. Sorry, this is not what I ordered对不起，这不是我点的菜。根据“What can I do for you?”可知，答语应描述需要对方帮忙或者想要做的事情，因此A项符合语境。故选A。 35. — Have you ever played games online? — ________ . A. I think it is no use playing games B. Yes, I used to, but not often C. I always play games on the playground D. I used to search the Internet 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你曾经玩过网络游戏吗？——是的，我过去玩，但不经常。A. I think it is no use playing games我认为玩游戏没用；B. Yes, I used to, but not often是的，我过去玩，但不经常；C. I always play games on the playground我总是在操场上玩游戏；D. I used to search the Internet我过去常常上网。根据“Have you ever played games online?”可知，此处是回答是否曾经玩过网络游戏。故选B。 36. — How often do you play football each week? — ________. A. I don’t know B. Twice a week C. Thank you D. It’s very nice of you 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你每周踢足球的频率是多少？——一周两次。A. I don’t know我不知道；B. Twice a week一周两次；C. Thank you谢谢你；D. It’s very nice of you你真是太好了。根据“How often ”可知，这里是询问做某事的频率，需要用表示频率的短语来回答，“Twice a week”符合语境，故选B。 37. — Are you feeling well? — ________. A. No, thanks B. Don’t mention it C. It’s OK, don’t worry D. Not at all 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你感觉好吗？——没事的，别担心。A. No, thanks不，谢谢；B. Don’t mention it别客气；C. It’s OK, don’t worry没事的，别担心；D. Not at all一点也不。根据“Are you feeling well?”可知，此处是回应对方关于身体状况的询问，C选项符合语境。故选C。 38. — May I speak to Mr. Smith? — He is having a meeting now. ________ A. Can I take a message? B. May I leave a message? C. You can talk to me. D. Sorry, bye-bye. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我可以和史密斯先生讲话吗？——他现在正在开会。我可以捎个口信吗？A. Can I take a message我可以捎个口信吗；B. May I leave a message我可以留个口信吗；C. You can talk to me你可以和我谈；D. Sorry, bye-bye抱歉，再见。根据“He is having a meeting now.”可知，史密斯先生正在开会，接电话的人可以询问是否要捎口信。“Can I take a message?”表示“可以捎口信吗”，这是接电话者主动提出记录留言的标准表达，符合语境。故选A。 39. — What day is it today? — A. On Jun. 28th B. It’s Monday C. I was born in October D. I live in a small town 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——今天是星期几？——今天是星期一。A. On Jun. 28th在6月28日；B. It’s Monday今天是星期一；C. I was born in October我出生在十月；D. I live in a small town我住在一个小镇上。根据问句“What day is it today?”可知，问句是在询问当天是星期几，“今天是星期一”直接回答了星期几的问题，符合语境。故选B。 40. — Why do you like Henry Ford best? — ________. A. I hate him B. Because he produced cars in large numbers C. No reason D. Improving the method of learning 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：—— 你为什么最喜欢亨利・福特？—— 因为他大量生产汽车。A. I hate him我讨厌他；B. Because he produced cars in large numbers因为他大量生产汽车；C. No reason没有原因；D. Improving the method of learning改进学习方法。根据“Why do you like Henry Ford best?”可知， 问句用Why询问原因，回答应用Because引出原因，且亨利・福特是汽车工业的重要人物，以大量生产汽车闻名，B符合语境，故选B。 二、阅读理解（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） 阅读下列短文，在每小题列出的A、B、C、D四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的最佳选项，选出正确答案。 （ A ） I’m a Chinese student studying in Canada. I have been a boarder (寄宿生) with the Carsons for more than a year and a half. The Carsons live in their own house, which has four bedrooms including the one in the basement (底层) which I live in. Judy does all the work in the house and Andrew is responsible for the work in the garden. When they go out in the evening, they often ask me to look after their children. Judy’s parents, Mr. and Mrs. Morris, lived in another city. Judy was their only child, and naturally they doted on (溺爱) Judy’s children. They often sent the children presents. Last April, Mr. Morris died. Now that Mrs. Morris was quite alone, I expected that Judy would want her to come and live with them. One day, Margaret told me grandma was coming to live with them, and her daddy and mommy would want my room back. The news didn’t surprise me and the next day, I asked Judy about it. I said I couldn’t think of living in their basement room any longer if it was needed for Mrs. Morris. Judy seemed surprised at first. Then she told me there was no deed for me to move, for they hadn’t yet come to any decisions about her mother coming to live with them. “Naturally I’m worried about my mother. She has been in poor health.” She smiled sadly and added. “To be honest, Andrew and my mother have never got on well. We’ ll wait a bit and see what happens. Perhaps my mother will be all right living herself, or perhaps they will both change their minds.” That was six months ago. During this time, I’ve heard that Mrs. Morris has had two illnesses and that her health has got worse. A nursing home was mentioned once but Mrs. Morris refused to go there. So up to now she’s still living alone and I’m still living in the basement room. 41. What is the relationship between the author and the Carsons? A. He is a brother of Andrew Carson. B. He is a close friend of the Carsons. C. He is a student of Judy Carson. D. He is a student who pays to live and have meals at the Carsons’ house. 42. Why did the author expect Mrs. Morris to come to live with her daughter? A. Because Mr. Morris was dead. B. Because Mrs. Morris suffered from illness. C. Because Mrs. Morris lived all by herself. D. All the above. 43. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A. Mrs. Morris was coming to live with the Carsons, so they asked the author to move. B. Judy had no brothers or sisters to look after her mother. C. Mrs. Morris loved her grandchildren very much. D. The Carsons once suggested that Mrs. Morris go to live in a nursing home. 44. Why didn’t Mrs. Morris come to live with her daughter’s family? A. Because the author lived in the basement room and there were no other rooms for her to live in. B. Because she did not have a good relationship with her son-in-law. C. Because she was in rather poor health and could not come. D. Because she did not want to leave her own house. 45. Which of the followings would be the best title for the passage? A. My Landlady B. The Boarder C. Family Relationships D. Nursing Homes and the Aged 【答案】41. D 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一名在加拿大留学的中国学生与寄宿家庭Carsons一家的生活经历，重点描述了Mrs. Morris因丈夫去世后可能搬来同住的家庭矛盾。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“I’m a Chinese student studying in Canada. I have been a boarder (寄宿生) with the Carsons for more than a year and a half. (我是一个在加拿大读书的中国学生。我在Carson家做寄宿生已经一年半多了。)”可知，作者是一名学生，在卡森家寄宿，即付费居住和用餐的学生，故选D。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Last April, Mr. Morris died. Now that Mrs. Morris was quite alone, I expected that Judy would want her to come and live with them ... She has been in poor health. (去年四月，莫里斯先生去世了。现在莫里斯太太一个人生活，我预计朱迪会希望她来和他们一起住……她的健康状况一直很差。)”可知，莫里斯先生去世、莫里斯夫人独自居住且身体不好，这些都是作者认为她会来和女儿同住的原因，故选D。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Judy seemed surprised at first. Then she told me there was no deed for me to move, for they hadn’t yet come to any decisions about her mother coming to live with them. (朱迪起初似乎很惊讶。然后她告诉我，他们还没有做出任何决定，关于她母亲是否要和他们一起生活，所以我没有必要搬家。)”可知，没有要作者搬走，A选项表述错误，故选A。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段Judy的话“Andrew and my mother have never got on well. (Andrew与我母亲关系不佳。)”可知，母女未同住的主要原因是女婿与岳母的矛盾。故选B。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。全文围绕Carsons家庭关系展开，包括寄宿安排、祖辈赡养矛盾等，故“Family Relationships”最贴合主题。故选C。 （ B ） Have you eaten too much over the holidays? You should try fidgeting for a while. Those around you might not like it, but scratching (抓挠) and twitching (扯,拽) is an important way of burning up calories (卡路里). American researchers have found that some people’s squirming (动来动去) and wigging (抖动) equals (等于) several miles of slow running each day. The scientists, based on the National Institute of Health’s laboratory in Phenix, Arizona, are studying why some people get fat and others stay slim. In one study, 177 people each spent 24 hours in a room in the institute where the amount (量) of energy is measured by their oxygen and carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) levels. By the end of the day, some people had burned up 800 calories in toe-tapping (脚趾打地), finger-drumming (手指鼓) and other nervous habits. However, others had burned up only 100 calories. The researchers found that slim women fidget more than fat women, but there was no significant difference in men. The overweight people burn up more energy when they fidget than thin people do. 46. Which of the followings can be used to explain the meaning of “fidgeting”? A. Scratching and twitching. B. Squirming and wigging. C. Slow running. D. Moving one’s body nervously. 47. We can know from the passage that scientists believe the reason why some people get fat and other people stay slim is that ________. A. thin people burn up fewer calories than fat people B. fat people burn up more calories than thin people C. those who burn up more calories than others will be thinner D. those who fidget more than others will be thinner 48. Scientists found in the experiment that ________. A the energy burned up by fat people when they fidget was more than that burned up by thin people when they fidget B. some people’s fidgeting burned up more than 800 calories, but some people’s fidgeting burned up less than 100 calories C. slim women fidget more than fat women, but fat men fidget more than thin men D. thin men fidget more than fat men 49. If someone is thin in a pleasant way, we say they are ________. A. skinny B. bony C. slim D. underweight 50. Scientists think a fidget habit to be ________. A. a way to lose weight B. a nervous habit annoying (使讨厌) the people around C. a better exercise than jogging D. a habit of thin people 【答案】46. D 47. C 48. A 49. C 50. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍研究发现，坐立不安（如抓挠、抖动等）能消耗卡路里，且瘦人比胖人更爱动。 【46题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“Those around you might not like it, but scratching and twitching is an important way of burning up calories. (你周围的人可能不喜欢，但抓挠和扯拽是燃烧卡路里的重要方式。)”以及第二段“American researchers have found that some people’s squirming and wigging equals several miles of slow running each day. (美国研究人员发现，有些人的动来动去和抖动相当于每天慢跑几英里。)”可知，“fidgeting”涵盖这些动作，即紧张地移动身体，故选D。 【47题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段和第五段“The researchers found that slim women fidget more than fat women (研究人员发现，苗条的女性比肥胖的女性更爱坐立不安。)”，不同人通过“fidgeting” 消耗的卡路里不同，瘦女性比胖女性更爱动，可知消耗卡路里多的人更瘦，科学家认为有些人胖有些人瘦的原因是那些比别人消耗更多卡路里的人会更瘦，故选C。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“The overweight people burn up more energy when they fidget than thin people do. (超重的人在坐立不安时比瘦人消耗更多能量。)”可知，科学家在实验中发现胖人坐立不安时消耗的能量比瘦人多，故选A。 【49题详解】 词句猜测题。A. skinny极瘦的；B. bony骨瘦如柴的；C. slim苗条的；D. underweight体重不足的。根据常识及语境，“slim”指苗条的，是褒义，如果某人瘦得好看，我们说他们是苗条的，故选C。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“...scratching and twitching is an important way of burning up calories. (抓挠和（身体的）抽搐是消耗卡路里的一种重要方式。)” 及全文可知，科学家认为坐立不安的习惯是一种减肥方式，故选A。 第II卷 非选择题（共40分） 三、英汉互译（本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分） 51. Please remind the staff to bring everything they need and wear suitable clothes for sports activities. (句子英译汉) __________________________________________________ 【答案】请提醒员工带好必备品，穿适合体育活动的衣服。 【解析】 【详解】考查祈使句、非谓语动词和定语从句。Please，请，礼貌用语；remind，提醒，作谓语，祈使句以动词原形开头，表示请求、命令或建议；the staff：员工，作宾语；to bring everything：带好一切，不定式短语作宾语补足语；they need：他们需要的，省略关系词的定语从句，修饰先行词“everything”；and：并且，并列连词；wear suitable clothes for sports activities：穿适合体育活动的衣服，与“to bring everything”是并列的宾语补足语。故本句译为：请提醒员工带好必备品，穿适合体育活动的衣服。 52. We will leave at 8 a.m. on April 13th and come back at 4 p.m. the next day. (句子英译汉) __________________________________________________ 【答案】我们4月13日早8点出发，第二天下午4点返回。 【解析】 【详解】考查简单句。We：我们，作主语；will leave … and come back：将出发……并返回，作并列谓语；at 8 a.m. on April 13th：在 4月13日早8点，作时间状语；at 4 p.m. the next day：在第二天下午4点，作时间状语。故本句译为：我们4月13日早8点出发，第二天下午4点返回。 53. A waitress should be dressed smartly, and the common rule is to look neat and tidy. (句子英译汉) ______________________________________ 【答案】一名女服务员应该穿着得体，一般规则是要看起来干净整洁。 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语及并列句。A waitress：一名女服务员，作主语；should be dressed：应该穿着，作谓语；smartly：得体，作状语；and：并且，并列连词连接两个简单句；the common rule：一般规则，作主语；is：，作谓语；to look neat and tidy：看起来干净整洁，作表语。故本句译为：一名女服务员应该穿着得体，一般规则是要看起来干净整洁。 54. A receptionist should speak clearly and politely. (句子英译汉) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】一名接待员应该清晰且礼貌地说话。 【解析】 【详解】考查简单句。A receptionist：一名接待员，作主语；should speak：应该说话，should是情态动词，作复合谓语；clearly and politely：清晰且礼貌地，作状语。故本句译为：一名接待员应该清晰且礼貌地说话。 55. The most important task should be the first to be completed. (句子英译汉) __________ 【答案】最重要的任务应最先完成。 【解析】 【详解】考查陈述句和非谓语动词。根据“。”可知，这是一个陈述句。The most important task：最重要的任务，作主语；should be：应该是，由“情态动词+ be动词原形”构成复合谓语；the first to be completed：最先完成的，作表语，其中“to be completed”是动词不定式一般式的被动形式，作后置定语修饰“the first”。故本句译为：最重要的任务应最先完成。 56. 飞机是否能按时起飞取决于天气。（句子汉译英） __________________________________________________ 【答案】Whether the plane will take off on time depends on the weather. 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。根据“是否”和句号可知，该句是含主语从句的复合句，主句用一般现在时，主语从句用一般将来时。飞机是否能按时起飞：Whether the plane will take off on time，是主语从句，“the plane”作主语，“will take off”作谓语，“on time”作状语；取决于天气：depends on the weather，“depends on”作谓语（主语从句作主语谓语动词用单数形式），“the weather”作宾语。故本句译为：Whether the plane will take off on time depends on the weather. 57. 你能告诉我火车将在什么时候出发吗? （句子汉译英） __________________________________________________ 【答案】Could you tell me when the train will leave? 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。根据“能告诉我……吗”和问号可知，该句是含宾语从句的一般疑问句，主句用一般现在时，从句用一般将来时。你能告诉我：Could you tell me，you作主语，could tell作谓语，me作宾语，将情态动词提到句首构成一般疑问句；火车将在什么时候出发：when the train will leave，是宾语从句，要用陈述语序，the train作主语，will leave作谓语，一般将来时。故本句译为：Could you tell me when the train will leave? 58. 这对双胞胎都有很多功课要做。（句子汉译英） __________________________________________________ 【答案】The twins both have too much homework to do./ Both of the twins have too much homework to do. 【解析】 【详解】考查一般现在时及不定式作后置定语。根据中文表述的客观情况，可知该句是一般现在时的陈述句。这对双胞胎：The twins，作主语；都：both，可放在主语后作同位语或用“Both of + 主语”结构；有很多功课要做：have too much homework to do，have作谓语（主语The twins是复数，谓语动词用原形have），too much homework作宾语，to do作后置定语。故本句译为：The twins both have too much homework to do.或 Both of the twins have too much homework to do.。 59. 小男孩跑得足够快，可以追上他们。（句子汉译英） ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】The boy runs fast enough to catch up with them. 【解析】 【详解】考查陈述句和动词不定式作结果状语。根据“。”可知，这是一个陈述句，根据句意可知，描述的是现状，用一般现在时，“足够……可以……”为“形容词/副词+enough to do sth”。小男孩：The boy，作主语；跑：run，主语是第三人称单数，所以用第三人称单数形式runs；足够快：fast enough，作状语；可以追上他们：to catch up with them，动词不定式短语，作结果状语。故本句译为：The boy runs fast enough to catch up with them. 60. 当我们到达电影院时，电影已经开始了。（句子汉译英） __________________________________________________ 【答案】When we got to the cinema, the movie had begun. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和时间状语从句。根据“当……时”和“已经”可知，该句是含时间状语从句的复合句，主句动作“开始”发生在从句动作“到达”之前，从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。当……时：When，引导时间状语从句；我们：we，作从句主语；到达：got to，作从句谓语，一般过去时；电影院：the cinema，作宾语；电影：the movie，作主句主语；已经开始了：had begun，作谓语，过去完成时。故本句译为：When we got to the cinema, the movie had begun. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 黑龙江省职教高考·适应性测试题（8） 《 英 语 》 第I卷 选择题（共60分） 一、知识运用（本大题共40小题，每小题1分，共40分） I. 词汇与语法知识（30分） 在每小题列出的A、B、C、D四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的最佳选项，选出正确答案。 1. I know many machines require ________, but I don’t want ________ what to do. A. checking; to tell B. to check; to be told C. be checking; to tell D. checking; to be told 2. Many a man ________ come to help us. A. have B. has C. is D. are 3. It’s not long ________ they will realize what they did to their parents. A. since B. ago C. after D. before 4. Don’t worry about your broken pen. You can use ________. A. my B. mine C. yours D. I 5. Several ________ died of water pollution last winter. A. hundreds villagers B. hundred of villagers C. hundreds of villager D. hundred villagers 6. In order to reply ________ your letter, I think over all night. A. for B. at C. to D. with 7. ________ will take part in the sports meeting next week? A. That B. Whether C. Who D. When 8. ________ had he come back home ________ the telephone began to ring. A. No sooner; when B. Hardly, than C. Not sooner; than D. Hardly; when 9. It must have rained yesterday night, ________ the ground is wet. A as B. since C. because D. for 10. I was born ________. A. on October, 1976 B. on October 1st, 1976 C. in 1976 October D. in 1st 1976, October 11. I saw a snake ________ on the hill yesterday. A. 5-meters-long B. 5-meter-long C. 5 meters long D. 5 meter long 12. This is the factory my mother visited last day. A. when B. where C. why D. which 13. The old man said that his family ________ together someday. A. will make B. would make C. will get D. would get 14. We are paid by ________ month. A. a B. an C. the D. / 15. Paper produced every year is ________ the world’s production of vehicles. A. the three times weight of B. three times the weight of C. as three times heavy as D. three times as heavier as 16. There is ________ wrong with my bike. A. something B. everything C. anything D. none 17. I didn’t hear because there was too much noise. A. what did he say B. what was he saying C. what he said D. what to say 18 Under the big tree ________. A. stands a stone table B. a stone table standing C. does a stone table stands D. a stone table stood 19. You can’t see your little sister because she has gone abroad. A. still B. now C. later D. often 20. The man wife died of serious illness was very sad. A. whose B. that C. who D. whom 21. Beijing is ________ capital of ________People’s Republic of ________ China. A. the; the; a B. the; the; / C. the; the; the D. the; a; the 22. The little girl is ________everyone. We all like her. A. friendly for B. friendly to C. friend for D. friend with 23. The boss asked me to buy two for his children. A. pair of shoes B. pairs of shoe C. pairs of shoes D. pair of shoe 24. ________, mother will wait for him to have dinner together. A. However late is he B. However he is late C. However is he late D. However late he is 25. Two ________and ________are having a picnic in the park. A. Frenchmans; Germen B. Frenchmen; Germans C. Frenchmans; Germans D. Frenchmen; Germen 26. You can’t come into the room ________ we are having a lesson. A. while B. as C. where D. which 27. I can’t follow you. Please repeat the ________ answers. A. one third B. three one C. first three D. third 28. When we got to the theater, the play ________ for five minutes. A. had begun B. has been on C. begun D. had been on 29. — How many tigers did you see? — . A. No one B. None C. Nothing D. No many 30. ________the beautiful village, we climbed the mountain. A. See B. To see C. Seeing D. Seen Ⅱ. 交际用语(10分) 31. — ________. — Thank you very much, I will. A. Best wishes to you B. Congratulations C. Please say hello to your family D. What a good wish to your family 32. — Check in, please! — ________. A. OK, please give me your name and ID number B. Your room number is 303 C. OK, I’ll check it D. Let’s split this 33. — Good evening! Do you have a reservation? — Yes, we do. ________. A. We should go now B. I just want a glass of water C. But I want to have dinner here D. We have booked a table for two 34. — What can I do for you? — ________. A. I’d like to order something for lunch B. It’s so kind of you C. We prefer to sit by the window, please D. Sorry, this is not what I ordered 35. — Have you ever played games online? — ________ . A. I think it is no use playing games B. Yes, I used to, but not often C. I always play games on the playground D. I used to search the Internet 36. — How often do you play football each week? — ________. A. I don’t know B. Twice a week C. Thank you D. It’s very nice of you 37. — Are you feeling well? — ________. A. No, thanks B. Don’t mention it C. It’s OK, don’t worry D. Not at all 38. — May I speak to Mr. Smith? — He is having a meeting now. ________ A. Can I take a message? B. May I leave a message? C. You can talk to me. D. Sorry, bye-bye. 39. — What day is it today? — . A. On Jun. 28th B. It’s Monday C. I was born in October D. I live in a small town 40. — Why do you like Henry Ford best? — ________. A. I hate him B. Because he produced cars in large numbers C. No reason D. Improving the method of learning 二、阅读理解（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） 阅读下列短文，在每小题列出的A、B、C、D四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的最佳选项，选出正确答案。 （ A ） I’m a Chinese student studying in Canada. I have been a boarder (寄宿生) with the Carsons for more than a year and a half. The Carsons live in their own house, which has four bedrooms including the one in the basement (底层) which I live in. Judy does all the work in the house and Andrew is responsible for the work in the garden. When they go out in the evening, they often ask me to look after their children. Judy’s parents, Mr. and Mrs. Morris, lived in another city. Judy was their only child, and naturally they doted on (溺爱) Judy’s children. They often sent the children presents. Last April, Mr. Morris died. Now that Mrs. Morris was quite alone, I expected that Judy would want her to come and live with them. One day, Margaret told me grandma was coming to live with them, and her daddy and mommy would want my room back. The news didn’t surprise me and the next day, I asked Judy about it. I said I couldn’t think of living in their basement room any longer if it was needed for Mrs. Morris. Judy seemed surprised at first. Then she told me there was no deed for me to move, for they hadn’t yet come to any decisions about her mother coming to live with them. “Naturally I’m worried about my mother. She has been in poor health.” She smiled sadly and added. “To be honest, Andrew and my mother have never got on well. We’ ll wait a bit and see what happens. Perhaps my mother will be all right living herself, or perhaps they will both change their minds.” That was six months ago. During this time, I’ve heard that Mrs. Morris has had two illnesses and that her health has got worse. A nursing home was mentioned once but Mrs. Morris refused to go there. So up to now she’s still living alone and I’m still living in the basement room. 41. What is the relationship between the author and the Carsons? A. He is a brother of Andrew Carson. B. He is a close friend of the Carsons. C. He is a student of Judy Carson. D. He is a student who pays to live and have meals at the Carsons’ house. 42 Why did the author expect Mrs. Morris to come to live with her daughter? A. Because Mr. Morris was dead. B. Because Mrs. Morris suffered from illness. C. Because Mrs. Morris lived all by herself. D. All the above. 43. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A. Mrs. Morris was coming to live with the Carsons, so they asked the author to move. B. Judy had no brothers or sisters to look after her mother. C. Mrs. Morris loved her grandchildren very much. D. The Carsons once suggested that Mrs. Morris go to live in a nursing home. 44. Why didn’t Mrs. Morris come to live with her daughter’s family? A Because the author lived in the basement room and there were no other rooms for her to live in. B. Because she did not have a good relationship with her son-in-law. C. Because she was in rather poor health and could not come. D. Because she did not want to leave her own house. 45. Which of the followings would be the best title for the passage? A. My Landlady B. The Boarder C. Family Relationships D. Nursing Homes and the Aged （ B ） Have you eaten too much over the holidays? You should try fidgeting for a while. Those around you might not like it, but scratching (抓挠) and twitching (扯,拽) is an important way of burning up calories (卡路里). American researchers have found that some people’s squirming (动来动去) and wigging (抖动) equals (等于) several miles of slow running each day. The scientists, based on the National Institute of Health’s laboratory in Phenix, Arizona, are studying why some people get fat and others stay slim. In one study, 177 people each spent 24 hours in a room in the institute where the amount (量) of energy is measured by their oxygen and carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) levels. By the end of the day, some people had burned up 800 calories in toe-tapping (脚趾打地), finger-drumming (手指鼓) and other nervous habits. However, others had burned up only 100 calories. The researchers found that slim women fidget more than fat women, but there was no significant difference in men. The overweight people burn up more energy when they fidget than thin people do. 46. Which of the followings can be used to explain the meaning of “fidgeting”? A. Scratching and twitching. B. Squirming and wigging. C. Slow running. D. Moving one’s body nervously. 47. We can know from the passage that scientists believe the reason why some people get fat and other people stay slim is that ________. A. thin people burn up fewer calories than fat people B. fat people burn up more calories than thin people C. those who burn up more calories than others will be thinner D those who fidget more than others will be thinner 48. Scientists found in the experiment that ________. A. the energy burned up by fat people when they fidget was more than that burned up by thin people when they fidget B. some people’s fidgeting burned up more than 800 calories, but some people’s fidgeting burned up less than 100 calories C. slim women fidget more than fat women, but fat men fidget more than thin men D. thin men fidget more than fat men 49. If someone is thin in a pleasant way, we say they are ________. A. skinny B. bony C. slim D. underweight 50. Scientists think a fidget habit to be ________. A. a way to lose weight B. a nervous habit annoying (使讨厌) the people around C. a better exercise than jogging D. a habit of thin people 第II卷 非选择题（共40分） 三、英汉互译（本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分） 51. Please remind the staff to bring everything they need and wear suitable clothes for sports activities. (句子英译汉) __________________________________________________ 52. We will leave at 8 a.m. on April 13th and come back at 4 p.m. the next day. (句子英译汉) __________________________________________________ 53. A waitress should be dressed smartly, and the common rule is to look neat and tidy. (句子英译汉) ______________________________________ 54. A receptionist should speak clearly and politely. (句子英译汉) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 55. The most important task should be the first to be completed. (句子英译汉) __________ 56. 飞机是否能按时起飞取决于天气。（句子汉译英） __________________________________________________ 57. 你能告诉我火车将在什么时候出发吗? （句子汉译英） __________________________________________________ 58. 这对双胞胎都有很多功课要做。（句子汉译英） __________________________________________________ 59. 小男孩跑得足够快，可以追上他们。（句子汉译英） ____________________________________________________________ 60. 当我们到达电影院时，电影已经开始了。（句子汉译英） __________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $