内容正文:
Unit 4 Wonderful seasons
专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练
语音、词汇、短语
基础知识
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
语音:字母组合qu发/kw/音 与 字母j发/dʒ/音 (教材第44页)高频易错点01
· 字母组合 qu发/kw/ ,发音特点如下:
1. 清辅音 + 半元音连读,先 /k/ 后 /w/;
2. 嘴唇从 “/k/ 的扁平” 过渡到 “/w/ 的收圆”;
3. 声带不振动
例如:equator(/ɪˈkweɪtə/,“qu” 发 /kw/) queen(/kwiːn/)、quick(/kwɪk/)
· 字母 j发/dʒ/,发音特点如下:
1. 浊辅音,舌尖抵上齿龈后部,气流冲破阻碍;
2. 发音带轻微 /j/ 音,声带振动;
3. 口型比 “/g/” 更扁,舌尖更靠前
例如:jump(/dʒʌmp/,“j” 发 /dʒ/) join(/dʒɔɪn/)、juice(/dʒuːs/)
易错点提示
(1) 字母组合 qu 误读为 /kjuː/(如将 queen 读成 /kjuːiːn/)。
(2) 字母j的发音与字母g混淆,误读为 /g/(如将 jump 读成 /gʌmp/)。
小练笔
判断下列每组单词中划线部分发音是否相同,相同打 “√”,不同打 “×”:
( )1.equator queen
( )2.jump join
( )3.quick juice
( )4.queen join
1.√ 解析:“equator” 和 “queen” 中的 “qu” 均发 /kw/,符合 “qu 发 /kw/” 的规则,连读无拆分,发音相同。
2.√ 解析:“jump” 和 “join” 中的 “j” 均发 /dʒ/,舌尖抵上齿龈振动,发音相同。
3.× 解析:“quick” 的 “qu” 发 /kw/,“juice” 的 “j” 发 /dʒ/,音标和发音位置完全不同,故不同。
4.× 解析:“queen” 的 “qu” 发 /kw/(清辅音 + 半元音),“join”的 “j”发 /dʒ/(浊辅音)
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四季考点高频易错点02
· 四季分别是: 春spring; 夏summer; 秋autumn; 冬winter;
· 季节前介词用in; 季节总称是seasons;
· 四季气候特征:春warm;夏hot;秋cool;冬cold;
· 四季对应可做的事:春fly kites放风筝,夏swim游泳,秋pick apples摘苹果,冬play in the snow玩雪
· 天气 + 季节的表达方式(2种)
(1) It's + 形容词 + in + 季节.
例:It's hot in summer. (注:It's+形容词在前的无逗号)
(2) In + 季节,it is + 形容词.
例:In spring, it is warm. (注:In+季节在前的有逗号)
· 在寒冷的/热的/凉爽的/暖和的一天/早晨/下午/晚上 (难点)
例: on a cool morning 在一个凉爽的早晨
on a hot day 在炎热的一天
结构为: on + a + 形容词(冷/热/凉/暖) + day或morning/afternoon/evening
补充:a fine/sunny day表示一个晴朗的日子
fine反义词为bad; 表示糟糕的; 不好的;
· 夏天昼长夜短,冬天昼短夜长 (阅读理解常考)
In summer, the day is long and the night is short. 夏天白天长,晚上短。
In winter, the day is short and the night is long. 冬天白天短,晚上长。
易错点提示
(1) 季节前介词用in:容易和其他时间介词如on, at混用。
(2) 夏天昼长夜短,冬天昼短夜长:季节与天长夜短或天短夜长混淆。
小练笔
单项选择。
( )1. It’s __________ in Beijing in winter.
A.hot B.cold C.warm
( )2. It’s cold. I want some __________ clothes.
A.hot B.big C.warm
( )3. In summer, the day is __________ and the night is .
A.long; short B.short; long C.cold; long
( )4. I like autumn. It’s __________.
A.cool B.cold C.warm
( )5. It’s hot __________ summer.
A.in B.on C.at
( )6. —It’s __________ day today. —Yes, let’s have a picnic.
A.sun B.bad C.sunny
1.B解析:北京的冬季气候寒冷,“hot”(热的)和 “warm”(温暖的)不符合实际情况,“cold”(寒冷的)是正确描述,故选 B。
2.C解析:前句提到 “天很冷”,因此需要 “暖和的” 衣服。“hot”(热的)与 “冷” 矛盾,“big”(大的)与 “保暖需求” 无关,“warm”(暖和的)符合语境,故选 C。
3.A解析:夏季的特点是 “白天长、夜晚短”。“short; long”(短;长)描述的是冬季昼夜特征,“cold; long”(冷;长)中 “cold” 不符合夏季气候,故选 A。
4.A解析:秋季的气候特点是 “凉爽”,“cold”(寒冷的)是冬季特征,“warm”(温暖的)是春季或秋季初的局部特征,“cool”(凉爽的)是秋季最典型的描述,故选 A。
5.A解析:表示 “在某个季节” 时,固定搭配介词 “in”;“on” 用于具体日期(如 on Monday),“at” 用于具体时间点(如 at 3 o'clock),故选 A。
6.C解析:后句提议 “去野餐”,说明天气很好。“sun”(太阳,名词)不能直接修饰 “day”;“bad”(坏的)与 “野餐” 语境矛盾;“sunny”(晴朗的,形容词)可修饰 “day”,表示 “晴朗的一天”,故选 C。
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询问 “最喜欢的季节” 及回答高频易错点03
1. 基本句型:What's your favourite season?你最喜欢的季节是什么?
答句:I like + 季节 + best.
例如:—Which season do you like best?你最喜欢哪个季节?
—I like summer best.我最喜欢夏天。
2. 拓展(补充喜欢某季节的原因)
I like + 季节 + best. Because I can + 动词原形 + 季节活动.
例如:I like spring best. Because I can fly kites in spring.我最喜欢春天,因为春天可以放风筝。
易错点提示
(1) 问句漏 “is”:学生易简化成 “What your favourite season?”,需强调 “favourite season” 是名词短语,前面必须有系动词 “is”,构成 “what's = what is”。
(2) 答句漏 “best”:“I like winter” 仅表示 “我喜欢冬天”,不体现 “最喜欢”,需加 “best” 才能对应问句 “favourite(最喜欢的)” 的含义,不可省略。
小练笔
根据上下文选择正确选项, 补全对话。
A. We can fly kites. B. What's your favourite season?
C. We can swim together. E. Because I like swimming.
D. Let's play on the grass, Tongtong.
1.D解析:前文 “Here comes spring.”(春天来了),后面回应 “Good idea.”(好主意),说明此处是提出一个关于春天的建议。“Let's play on the grass, Tongtong.”(童童,我们去草地上玩吧)符合语境,是合理的春季活动建议,所以选 D。
2.B解析:后文回答 “My favourite season is summer.”(我最喜欢的季节是夏天),可知此处是询问对方最喜欢的季节,“What's your favourite season?”(你最喜欢的季节是什么?)符合,所以选 B。
3.A解析:前文“I like spring best.”(我最喜欢春天),此处应说明喜欢春天的原因或春天能做的事。“We can fly kites.”(我们可以放风筝)是春天常见的活动,符合语境,所以选 A。
4.E解析:前文问 “Why?”(为什么?),此处需要用 “Because”(因为)来回答原因。“Because I like swimming.”(因为我喜欢游泳)符合,所以选 E。
5.C解析:前文 “Oh! I like swimming, too.”(哦!我也喜欢游泳),所以此处 “我们可以一起游泳”(We can swim together.)符合语境,所以选 C。
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“like doing sth.” 在季节活动中的应用高频易错点04
“like doing sth.” 表示 “习惯性喜欢做某事”
例如:I like reading under the tree.我喜欢在树下看书。
I like playing in the snow.喜欢在雪地里玩。
拓展:动词ing的变化规则
(1)大部分情况,直接在动词词尾加ing; 例:boat-boating; climb-climbing;
(2)动词以e结尾的去e加ing; 例:skate-skating;
(3)特殊情况(重读闭音节),须双写末尾字母加ing; 例:swim- swimming;
(4)以-ie结尾的动词,通常把-ie变为y,再加ing。例:lie(躺)-lying, tie(系)-tying, die(死)-dying;
易错点提示
(1) 动词 ing 形式错误:
“play” 易漏去 “e”(错写成 “playying”),需记忆 “以不发音的 e 结尾,去 e 加 ing”;
“pick” 易误双写 “k”(错写成 “pickking”),需明确 “双写规则:末尾只有一个辅音字母且重读闭音节才双写”,“pick” 末尾是 “ck”(两个辅音),直接加 ing。
(2) 混淆 “like doing” 与 “like to do”:
本单元描述 “长期喜欢的季节活动”(如 “每年夏天都喜欢游泳”),需用 “like doing”;“like to do” 表 “偶尔想做”(如 “今天夏天想去游泳”),课本暂不涉及,需避免误用。
小练笔
用所给词的适当形式填空:
1.I like __________ (read) books in the park in autumn.
2.She likes __________ (skate) in winter.
3.They like __________ (swim) in the river in summer.
4.He likes __________ (lie) on the grass in spring.
5.We like __________ (pick) apples on the farm in autumn.
1.reading解析:“read” 是普通动词,没有以不发音的 “e” 结尾,也不满足双写等特殊规则,按照 “大部分情况,直接在动词词尾加 ing” 的规则,所以填 “reading”。
2.skating解析:“skate” 是以 “e” 结尾的动词,根据 “动词以 e 结尾的去 e 加 ing” 的规则,去掉 “e” 后加 “ing”,所以填 “skating”。
3.swimming解析:“swim” 是重读闭音节动词,且末尾只有一个辅音字母 “m”,符合 “特殊情况 (重读闭音节),须双写末尾字母加 ing” 的规则,双写 “m” 后加 “ing”,所以填 “swimming”。
4.lying解析:“lie(躺)” 是以 “-ie” 结尾的动词,按照 “以 - ie 结尾的动词,通常把 - ie 变为 y,再加 ing” 的规则,把 “ie” 变为 “y” 后加 “ing”,所以填 “lying”。
5.picking解析:“pick” 末尾是 “ck”(两个辅音字母),不满足 “双写规则:末尾只有一个辅音字母且重读闭音节才双写”,所以直接在词尾加 “ing”,填 “picking”。
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综合训练
1、 用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. There are four __________(season) in a year.
2. Here __________(come) autumn.
3. It's spring. Flowers __________(be) all around.
4. My birthday __________(be) in spring.
5. In spring, I am here My dog __________(be) with me.
6. I like __________(play) games under the trees.
7. Look There __________(be) many apples on the tree.
8. The tree __________(grow) again in spring.
9. The mushroom(蘑菇) is __________(like) an umbrella.
2、 根据图片提示补全句子或对话。
1. In s__________, I like f__________.
2.— What's your favourite season?—S__________. I can go to the b__________.
3. I like a__________ best because my b__________ is in it.
4. W__________ is cold. Let's make a snowman.
3、 大家还分享了自己在各地游玩时的照片,请给下列照片选择对应的句子。
A. It's cool. I can jump in the sea.
B. I am in Harbin. The weather's quite cold.
C. On the equator, there is no winter. It's very hot.
D. I go to Beijing. It's spring. I can fly kites in spring.
4、 请为句子选择合适的图片。
( )1. There are many lotus flowers (荷花) in the lake of the Summer Palace. They are so lovely.
( )2. In the Summer Palace the flowers are in full bloom (盛开). I can see pink and green.
( )3. The Summer Palace is covered with snow. The buildings look beautiful in the white world.
( )4. The leaves around the Summer Palace turn yellow. The wind is cool.
5、 仔细阅读绘本内容,判断句子正(T)误(F)。
In spring, it's warm but rains a lot. Birds make nests(鸟窝) in trees. In summer, it's hot outside. The days are long and the nights are short. People can pick and eat the fruit. Fall comes after summer. Trees turn red, yellow and orange. Animals collect food for the winter. In winter, the snow covers(覆盖) the ground. A lot of trees don't have leaves.
( )1. There's no rain in spring.
( )2. In summer, the days are short and the nights are long.
( )3. In fall, trees keep their green colour.
( )4. Animals collect food in fall.
( )5. The leaves cover the ground in winter.
6、 请阅读文章完成下列任务。
Diandian goes to Brazil.
It's on the equator.Most of
Brazil is in the Southern
Hemisphere(南半球).It is summer.It is hot
there.There are many people on the beach.
He swims in the sea.
Longlong goes to Korea.
It's near China in the
Northern Hemisphere
(北半球)and it is spring there.The weather is
windy.He flies kites with his mum.
Huahua goes to New
Zealand.It's in the Southern
Hemisphere.It's autumn.
The weather is cool.The leaves fall from the
trees.She plays with the leaves.
Mengmeng flies to Russia.It's
in the Northern Hemisphere.
It is winter.It is very cold.
She makes a snowman.
任务一:根据文章内容,补全表格。
Name
Where
Season
Weather
Activity
Diandian
1.__________
2.__________
hot
swims in the sea
Longlong
Korea
spring
3.__________
4.__________
Huahua
New Zealand
5.__________
cool
6.__________
Mengmeng
7.__________
winter
8.__________
makes a snowman
任务二:根据文章内容,选择正确答案。
( )1.__________ is in the Southern Hemisphere.
A.Korea B.Russia C.Brazil
( )2.In __________, the children can fly a kite.
A.New Zealand B.Korea C.Russia
( )3.Why are there many people on the beach in Brazil?
A.Because it's spring and the weather is warm.
B.Because it's summer and the weather is hot.
C.Because it's autumn and the weather is cool.
参考答案
一、1. seasons解析:four后面的可数名词用复数形式。
2. comes 解析:此句为倒装句,主语autumn是第三人称单数形式,故动词加s.
3. are 解析:Flowers为复数形式,故后面的be动词用are.
4. is 解析:My birthday是单数主语,故后面的be动词用is.
5. is 解析:“My dog”是单数, be动词用”is”.
6. playing 解析:like doing sth.表示“喜欢做某事”,所以填playing.
7. are 解析:“many apples”是复数, be动词用“are”.
8. grows 解析:“The tree”是单数,一般现在时动词用第三人称单数形式“grows”.
9. like 解析:“is like”表示“像”。
二、1. spring; flying kites 2. Summer; beach
3. autumn; birthday 4. Winter
三、1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D
四、1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B
五、1. F 解析:根据原文“In spring, it's warm but rains a lot.”可知,春季是多雨的。故填F.
2. F 解析:根据原文“The days are long and the nights are short.”可知,夏天是白天长,黑夜短;与冬季相反。故填F.
3. F 解析:根据原文“Fall comes after summer. Trees turn red, yellow and orange.”可知秋天的树叶有很多颜色,故填F.
4. T 解析:根据原文“Animals collect food for the winter.”可知,动物们为了过冬,在秋季收集食物。故填T.
5. F 解析:根据原文“In winter, the snow covers(覆盖)the ground.”可知填F.
六、任务一:1. Brazil 2. summer 3. windy
4. flies kites 5. autumn 6. plays with the leaves 7. Russia 8. cold
任务二:1. C 2. B 3. B
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