专题02 常考点和易错点归纳（期中复习讲义）八年级英语上学期新教材译林版

专题02 Unit 1-4常考点和易错点归纳 常考点 学科网（北京）股份有限公1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 考点1 borrow 的用法与 borrow / lend / keep 区别 知识归纳 1. borrow：借入（向别人借） 结构：borrow sth. from sb.（从某人那借来某物） 2. lend：借出（把东西借给别人） 结构：lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb. 3. keep：保留、借用一段时间 结构：keep sth. for some time（保留/借用一段时间） 一句话口诀：借入 borrow，借出 lend，借多久用 keep 1.Can I your book from you?我能借你的书吗？ 2.She me her umbrella. = She lent her umbrella to me.她把她的雨伞借给我。 3.Can I the book for a week?我可以借书一周吗？ 考点2 suggest 用法 + 建议类词辨析 知识归纳 suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 ✅ suggest to do sth.❌（错误结构） suggest sth. to sb. 向某人建议某事 辨析： 词 可数 常用结构 suggestion ✅ some suggestions advice ❌ a piece of advice, much advice 1.He suggested there by bike.他建议骑自行车去那里。 2.I the plan to her.我把这个计划告诉了她。 3.Give me some .给我些建议吧。 4.Let me give you a piece of .让我给你一个建议。 考点3 advise 用法 知识归纳 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 advise doing sth. 建议做某事 advise sb. against doing sth. 劝某人别做某事 1.I advise you more.我建议你多休息。 2.He advised up early.他建议你早起。 3.She me against going out.她劝我不要出去。 考点4 形容词的常见否定前缀规则： 规则 前缀 例词 反义词 ① 一般规则 un- necessary unnecessary（不必要的） un- friendly unfriendly（不友好的） ② c / e 开头 in- correct incorrect（不正确的） in- expensive inexpensive（不昂贵的） ③ p 开头 im- proper improper（不合适的） im- polite impolite（不礼貌的） ④ r 开头 ir- regular irregular（不规则的） ir- responsible irresponsible（不负责任的） ⑤ 特殊规则 dis- honest dishonest（不诚实的） dis- satisfied dissatisfied（不满意的） 注意： 否定前缀不能随意添加，要根据形容词首字母判断。 某些前缀还可用于动词（如：agree → disagree）。 考点5建议类句型总结： 建议句型 示例 Let’s do sth. Let’s try something new. Shall we...? Shall we paint the wall together? How / What about doing...? How about making a model car? Why not do...? Why not create your own T-shirt? Would you like to...? Would you like to join our DIY club? Would / Will you please...? Will you please pass me the scissors? 1.Why not something useful out of waste paper?为什么不试着用废纸做些有用的东西呢？ 2.Let’s to decorate the room with handmade items.咱们用手工物品来装饰房间吧。 考点6的 reduced的用法 知识归纳 reduce sth. to...：减少到某个程度 reduce sth. by...：减少了多少百分比 1.Costs will be reduced as much as 90%.（成本将减少多达90%。） 2.The number of plastic bags has been reduced a minimum.（塑料袋数量已减少到最低。） 3.Reusing paper can help reduce at school.重复利用纸张可以帮助学校减少浪费。 考点7 provide 提供 知识归纳 provide sb. with sth. / provide sth. for sb. 1.The project provides students chances. 2.The project provides chances students. 考点8 bring的用法 知识归纳 bring vs. take bring：带来（朝说话人方向） e.g. Please bring me your notebook. take：带走（离开说话人方向） e.g. Take your umbrella with you. 1.Painting me a lot of happiness.画画给我带来了很多快乐。 2.Making gifts by hand joy to both me and the receiver.手工制作礼物既让我开心，也让收礼人感到高兴。 考点9 proud的用法 知识归纳 be proud of = take pride in：为……感到自豪 pride（n.）骄傲 e.g. He is the pride of his family. be proud to do sth.：为做某事感到自豪 1.I was of my handmade model.我为我自己做的模型感到自豪。 2.They were proud present their group project.他们为展示小组项目而感到骄傲。 考点10 keep 的常见用法 结构 含义 例句 keep + n. 饲养 keep a pet keep + adj. / adv. 保持状态 keep healthy / keep off the wall keep (on) doing sth. 继续做某事 keep reading keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 = stop sb. from doing sth. = prevent sb. (from) doing sth. The noise kept me from sleeping. Keep questions and challenging yourself — that’s how progress is made.持续提问并挑战自己——进步正是在这样的过程中实现的。 考点11 willing的用法 知识归纳 willing (adj.) 乐意的，愿意的 be willing to do sth. 乐意做某事 例句：- She is willing to help me. - We are willing to work hard. 1.If you're to step outside your comfort zone, you'll discover your true potential.如果你愿意走出舒适区，你就会发现自己的真正潜力。 2.We are willing time and energy because we understand that excellence requires persistence.我们愿意投入时间和精力，因为我们明白卓越需要坚持不懈。 考点12 词组辨析：work hard / hard work / hard-working 结构 含义 举例 work hard (动词 + 副词) He always works hard. hard work (形容词 + 名词) Success takes hard work. hard-working (形容词) She is a hard-working student. 考点13 bored vs. Boring 词形 含义 用法 例句 bored 修饰人 I feel bored at home. boring 修饰事/物 This movie is boring. 【拓展：类似结构】 主观感受形容词 客观特性形容词 interested interesting excited exciting surprised surprising amazed amazing 考点14 the number of vs. a number of 表达 含义 动词形式 the number of ……的数量（看作整体） 单数 a number of 许多，大量（= many） 复数 1.The number of students rising.学生人数在增加 2.A number of books on the table.桌上摆着许多书 考点9 offer 提供 知识归纳 offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. The school offers us safety programmes.学校为我们提供安全计划。 = The school us safety programmes. = The school provides us safety programmes. 考点10 pay attention to 的用法 知识归纳 pay attention to sth / doing sth 注意 / 重视 常见搭配： pay attention to details 注重细节; 注意细节 pay attention to everything concerned面面俱到 pay attention to safety 注意安全 1.You should pay attention to the experiment. 做这个实验你必须多加注意。 2.I didn't what she was saying. 我没有注意她在说什么。 考点11 must vs. have to 结构 含义 特点 例句 must 带有说话人意愿 My mother is ill, so I must go now. mustn’t 强烈语气 You mustn’t smoke here. have to 由环境决定 He has to eat at school. don’t have to = needn’t 表示不强求 You don’t have to work on weekends. 考点12 education 词族整理 词形 词性 含义 例句 education n. 教育 Many children don’t have access to good education. . v. 教育某人做某事 We should educate children to be honest. n. 教育家 He is a great educator. adj. 受过教育的，有教养的 She is well educated and polite. adj. 教育的，有教育意义的 It was an educational visit. 考点13 while / when + doing sth. 用法 示例 表时间状语，从句主语与主句一致时可省略 While working, he learned a lot. when 可引导宾语从句或不定式结构 I don’t know when to go. / I don’t know when he will go. 区分总结 while/when + doing：时间状语（=在……期间） when + to do：宾语成分（不定式结构） when + 主语 + 谓语：宾语从句 1.While part-time, she managed to balance study and life.在兼职的同时，她设法平衡了学习与生活。 考点14 by 的五种用法归类 用法结构 含义 示例 by + doing sth. 通过某种方式 He studies by reading aloud. by + 事物 在……旁边、靠近 There’s a bench by the tree. by + 时间 不迟于，在……之前 Please finish it by Friday. by + 交通工具 通过……方式出行 He travels by bus. by + 人（被动语态） 被，由 He was raised by his aunt. He taught himself programming by small websites.他通过制作小型网站自学了编程。 考点12 way的常用表达 in this way in many ways on one’s way to by the way lose one’s way in the way / in one’s way / in the way of sb in no way all the way in a way 考点13 succeed 的系列表达 知识归纳 success 词族扩展： success (n.) 成功 successful (adj.) 成功的successfully (adv.) 成功地 结构 含义 示例 succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事 He succeeded in passing the test. be successful in doing sth. 同义表达 She was successful in changing her habits. do sth. successfully 副词表达 He completed the mission successfully. have success in doing sth. 名词结构 They had great success in business. He overcoming all the challenges through perseverance.他通过坚持不懈成功克服了所有挑战。 考点 14构词法：动词 / 名词 + 后缀 → 表示“人”的名词 一．构词规则总结 后缀 来源词 含义 举例 -er 多为动词 表示“做某事的人” speaker（讲话者）、farmer（农民） -or 多为动词 功能/职业/角色 actor（演员）、inventor（发明者） -r 多为动词 简化形式，常为职业者 writer（作家）、driver（司机） -ist 多为名词 表专业人士/技艺者 artist（艺术家）、scientist（科学家） 二．典型构词示例对照表 speak → 说话的人 collect → 收藏家 farm → 农民 direct → 导演 paint → 画家，油漆工 drive → 司机 play → 选手，运动员 write → 作者 report → 记者 dance → 舞者 wait → 男服务员 tour → 旅行者 shop → 购物者 art → 艺术家 win → 获胜者 science → 科学家 swim → 游泳者 piano → 钢琴家 visit → 参观者 collect → 收藏家 1.The asked the director several sharp questions.记者向导演提了几个尖锐的问题。 2.She is not just a , but also a talented .她不仅是一名舞者，还是一位才华横溢的画家。 3.He dreams of becoming a like his father.他梦想成为像父亲那样的科学家。 4.Many visit this ancient city every year.每年都有许多游客参观这座古城。 考点15. develop 用法 词性 形式 含义与示例 v. develop We need to develop better communication skills. n. development With the development of technology... adj. developing / developed developing countries / developed areas develop A into B：把A发展成B with the development of...：随着……的发展 考点16 as...as possible的用法 知识归纳 as...as possible = as...as sb. can/could表示“尽可能……”，中间为原级形容词或副词。 1.I think they will be back .我想他们很快就会回来的。 2.You need to run .你得跑得越快越好。 考点17 meaning 词族构成： 词性 词形 含义 示例 v. mean I didn’t mean to hurt you. n. meaning This word has two different meanings. adj. meaningful It’s meaningful to help others. adj. meaningless The meeting felt meaningless. 考点18 surprise.的用法 词形 含义 示例 surprise (n.) What a big surprise! surprise (v.) The result surprised him. surprised (adj.) I was surprised at the news. surprising (adj.) That’s a surprising decision. 常用结构： to one's surprise 令某人吃惊的是 be surprised at sth. / to do sth. a surprising result / ending 考点19 use的用法 知识归纳 ① use (v.) 使用 used to do：过去常常做（现在不做） be used to doing：习惯于做某事 be used to do：被用来做某事 be used for：被用作… ② use (n.) 用途 be in use = 正在使用中 【常见误区提醒】否定形式是：didn’t use to 或 usedn’t to “习惯”用 be used to doing，不是 to do！ 1.He used to fishing every Saturday. 他过去每个周六常去钓鱼。 2.He thinks he’ll never be used to the busy life. 他认为他再也不会习惯于过这种繁忙的生活了。 考点20 look forward to的用法 知识归纳 look forward to 意为“期待，盼望”， 后接名词/代词/动名词（-ing 形式）作宾语。 1.We’re looking forward to . 2.I look forward to with you again. 考点21 care的用法 知识归纳 care（v.）关心、在意 常用搭配：care about sb./sth. 关心、在乎 care for sb. 喜欢 / 照顾（= look after） 衍生词汇 care（n.）照料 → Take care! careful / careless（adj.）细心的 / 粗心的 carefully / carelessly（adv.）认真地 / 马虎地 1.I know my parents care me.我知道我的父母关心我。 2.I don't what you'll say.我不在乎你会说什么。 3.She cares for her sick father.→ = She her sick father.她照顾她生病的父亲。 考点22 honest的用法 知识归纳 honest（adj.）诚实的，正直的 → 反义词：dishonest 用法：作定语/表语 to be honest = to tell the truth（插入语） be honest with sb. 对某人诚实 冠词注意：an honest（h 不发音，元音音素开头） 1.He is honest boy.他是个诚实的男孩。 2. , I don't like it.说实话，我不喜欢这样 3.Be honest your parents.对父母要诚实 考点23 help的用法 知识归纳 help词性词形变化： help：n./v. 帮助； helpful：adj. 乐于助人的； helpless：adj. 无助的 常用结构： 1.help sb. (to) do sth. 2.help sb. with sth. 3.can’t help (doing) sth. 4.with the help of sb. 拓展表达：be helpful = be of (great) help 考点24 worry 的用法 知识归纳 基本用法：及物动词：worry sb. 使某人担心 不及物动词：worry about sth. 为……担心 = be worried about sth. 不可数名词：worry 烦恼 可数名词：worries 烦心事 形容词：worried：担心的 常搭配：be worried about... 1.The boy always his parents.男孩总让他的父母担心。 2.She about her students.她担心她的学生。 3.My mother has a lot of .我的母亲有很多担心。 考点25 danger的用法 知识归纳 danger：名词，危险；状态名词 【派生词】 （adj. 危险的） 【固定搭配】： 处在危险中 脱离危险 be in danger of doing sth.：有……的危险 考点26. like 相关疑问句 知识归纳 问性格 / 品质 常用句型：What is sb. like? 问长相 常用句型：What does sb. look like? / How does sb. look? 问爱好 常用句型：What does sb. like? 问看法 / 评价 常用句型：What do you think of...? / How do you like/find/feel...? 问天气 / 新环境 常用句型：How's the weather? / What's your new school like? 1.— ?— He's kind.—他是什么样的人？——他很善良。 2.— ?— She is tall and thin.—她长什么样？——她又高又瘦。 3.— She likes .她喜欢跳舞。 4.— the movie?—你对这部电影有什么看法？ 5. the weather? — It's sunny.—天气怎么样？——今天阳光明媚。 易错点 学科网（北京）股份有限公1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 考点1make 的多种用法 知识归纳 （1） make an excellent teacher （2）make a kite （3）make sb do sth （4）make + sb / sth + adj. （5）make + it + adj. + to do （6）make a decision （7）make up one’s mind to do （8）make fun of （9）make use of （10）make sure （11）make up （12）be made up of （13）be made of / from （14）make a big difference to 1.Regular exercise can to your health.（规律锻炼能对你的健康产生很大影响。） 2.Her patience and knowledge .（她的耐心和知识让她成为一位出色的老师。） 3.We a kite and flew it in the park.（我们做了一个风筝，并在公园里放飞它。） 5.The news made her .（这个消息让她很开心。） 6.She understand the complex problem.（她让这个复杂问题变得容易理解。） 7.It’s time to about our holiday plans.（是时候对我们的假期计划做出决定了。） 8.He finally to study abroad.（他终于下定决心出国留学。） 9.It’s rude to someone’s accent.（取笑别人的口音是不礼貌的。） 10.You should your free time.（你应该好好利用空闲时间。） 11. you lock the door before leaving.（离开前一定要锁好门。） 12.The team five members.（这个团队由五名成员组成。） 13.This table wood.（这张桌子是木头做的。） 14.Wine grapes.（酒是由葡萄酿成的。） 考点2 It’s + adj. + for/of sb. to do sth. 知识归纳 It’s + adj. + for/of sb. to do sth. 结构解析：“It”为形式主语，to do 为真正主语。 两类形容词： It’s + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 强调“做这事的难易或必要性”等。这类形容词有：important ，easy ，difficult ，hard ，necessary 等。 It’s + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 强调“人的品质或行为”。 这类形容词有：kind ，wise ，clever ，good ，foolish等。 1.It’s important study hard. / It’s necessary for you to do more exercise. 2.It’s kind say so. 你这样说真是太善良了. 考点3 need的用法 知识归纳 1.名词：need（需要） sb. in need（有困难的人） in need of sth.（需要某物） satisfy / meet one’s need（满足某人的需求） 2.动词：need（需要） 用法类型 肯定句 否定句 实义动词 need to do sth. don't need to do sth. 情态动词 need do sth.（较少用） needn't do sth. 3.特殊结构（主动表被动） sth. needs doing = sth. needs to be done The room needs cleaning. = The room needs to be cleaned. 考点4 穿戴的用法 知识归纳 wear：表示穿戴的状态，也用于“面带某种表情” 相关表达对比： 1.put on：穿上（强调动作）反义词：take off 2.dress：给人穿衣 dress sb. / dress oneself / get dressed / dress up 3.in + 颜色：表示穿着某种颜色 4.on + sb.：衣物穿在某人身上 1.She is a pair of glasses.她戴着一副眼镜。 2.She always a smile.她总是面带微笑。 3. your coat or you'll catch a cold.穿上外套，否则你会感冒的。 4. Jack can himself.杰克可以自己穿衣服。 5.the girl red那个穿红色衣服的女孩。 6.The dress looks great you.这件衣服穿在你身上很合适。 考点5 few & little（否定） vs. a few & a little（肯定） 知识归纳 用法 含义 举例 few Few people understand the differences. a few A few cars passed by me. little There was little doubt in my mind. a little a little sugar / tea 比较级形式 原级 比较级 最高级 few little 补充：常见表达 at least：至少 She must be at least 18. at most：至多 He must be at most 30. 考点6 -ed / -ing 形容词区别 知识归纳 -ed / -ing 形容词区别 词形 修饰对象 含义 例句 -ed 人 I feel excited. / I'm interested in English. -ing 事物 an exciting match / an interesting book 特殊表达： excited look：激动的表情（自己感受） boring people：无聊之人（令人感到无聊） 考点7 try 的用法 知识归纳 1.try to do sth.含义：努力 / 设法做某事 2.try doing sth.含义：尝试做某事 3.have / take a try含义：尝试一下（名词） 1.We should learn English well.我们应该努力学好英语。 2.Tom tried the problem this way.汤姆尝试用这个方法解决问题。 3.May I have another ?我可以再试一次吗？ 考点8 far away from：表示“离……远” 知识归纳 far (away)：作表语/状语，不接宾语；表示“远”，可省略 away。 far away from：相当于 far from，必须接宾语。 【区分】far from vs. away from 表达 用法说明 示例 far from 表示模糊的远，不加数字 My home is far from the hospital. away from 表示具体的距离，常跟数字 My home is 20 km away from the hospital. 记忆窍门： far away 不接宾语；away from 必接宾语且可加数字 1.They do not live .（他们住得不远） 2.We don’t live the park.（我们住得离公园不远） 考点9 四大“花费”动词用法 主语 动词 宾语/搭配 例句 spend 时间/金钱 + on sth. I spent 10 yuan on this book. 时间 + in doing sth. He spends hours in reading. pay 金钱 + for sth. She paid 20 yuan for the ticket. cost (sb.) + 金钱 The bag cost me 100 yuan. take sb. + 时间 + to do sth. It took her two days to finish. 【补充】cost 作名词：费用、开销 e.g. We don't have enough money to cover(足以支付) the cost of the trip. 一句话口诀：人 spend / pay，物 cost，it takes 时间 考点10 another / more 用法对比 结构 用法 示例 another + 数字 + 名词复数 表“再……个” I need another two apples. 数字 + more + 名词复数 同义替换 I need two more apples. some / a few / any + more + 名词 表“再多一些……” We need a few more volunteers. 同义替换： another two books = books another five minutes = minutes 考点11 experience的用法 知识归纳 experience 可数名词：一次经历 不可数名词：经验 动词：体验，经历 派生词：experienced（adj. 有经验的） 1.Describe our own of making something. 描述我们亲手制作某物的经历。 2.I had an exciting at the camp. 我在营地有一次令人兴奋的经历。 3.He has much in teaching. 他在教学方面有丰富的经验。 4.She a lot of difficulties. 她经历了很多困难。 5.My father is an driver. 我爸爸是一位有经验的司机。 考点12 another / other / the other / others 知识归纳 another： → I want another cup of tea. the other： → One student is here, the other is absent. other： → He has other books. others： → Some students are playing, others are reading. 考点13 stop 和try的用法 知识归纳 stop doing sth. → Stop playing games. stop to do sth. → He stopped to drink water. try to do sth. → He tried to fix the chair.（努力修） try doing sth. → He tried fixing the chair.（尝试用修理来解决问题） 考点14 instead的用法 知识归纳 instead（副词）：作为替代 → She didn’t call. She wrote a letter instead. instead of（介词短语）：不是……而是…… → I stayed at home instead of going to the party. 【区别总结】： 表达方式 用法 后接内容 instead of 否定替换 名词 / 代词 / 动词 ing instead 肯定替换 通常放句首/中/尾，独立成句 She didn’t give up. , she worked even harder.她没有放弃，反而更加努力。 学科网（北京）股份有限公1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 Unit 1-4常考点和易错点归纳 常考点 学科网（北京）股份有限公1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 考点1 borrow 的用法与 borrow / lend / keep 区别 知识归纳 1. borrow：借入（向别人借） 结构：borrow sth. from sb.（从某人那借来某物） 2. lend：借出（把东西借给别人） 结构：lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb. 3. keep：保留、借用一段时间 结构：keep sth. for some time（保留/借用一段时间） 一句话口诀：借入 borrow，借出 lend，借多久用 keep 1.Can I borrow your book from you?我能借你的书吗？ 2.She lent me her umbrella. = She lent her umbrella to me.她把她的雨伞借给我。 3.Can I keep the book for a week?我可以借书一周吗？ 考点2 suggest 用法 + 建议类词辨析 知识归纳 suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 ✅ suggest to do sth.❌（错误结构） suggest sth. to sb. 向某人建议某事 辨析： 词 可数 常用结构 suggestion ✅ some suggestions advice ❌ a piece of advice, much advice 1.He suggested going there by bike.他建议骑自行车去那里。 2.I suggested the plan to her.我把这个计划告诉了她。 3.Give me some suggestions.给我些建议吧。 4.Let me give you a piece of advice.让我给你一个建议。 考点3 advise 用法 知识归纳 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 advise doing sth. 建议做某事 advise sb. against doing sth. 劝某人别做某事 1.I advise you to rest more.我建议你多休息。 2.He advised getting up early.他建议你早起。 3.She advised me against going out.她劝我不要出去。 考点4 形容词的常见否定前缀规则： 规则 前缀 例词 反义词 ① 一般规则 un- necessary unnecessary（不必要的） un- friendly unfriendly（不友好的） ② c / e 开头 in- correct incorrect（不正确的） in- expensive inexpensive（不昂贵的） ③ p 开头 im- proper improper（不合适的） im- polite impolite（不礼貌的） ④ r 开头 ir- regular irregular（不规则的） ir- responsible irresponsible（不负责任的） ⑤ 特殊规则 dis- honest dishonest（不诚实的） dis- satisfied dissatisfied（不满意的） 注意： 否定前缀不能随意添加，要根据形容词首字母判断。 某些前缀还可用于动词（如：agree → disagree）。 考点5建议类句型总结： 建议句型 示例 Let’s do sth. Let’s try something new. Shall we...? Shall we paint the wall together? How / What about doing...? How about making a model car? Why not do...? Why not create your own T-shirt? Would you like to...? Would you like to join our DIY club? Would / Will you please...? Will you please pass me the scissors? 1.Why not make something useful out of waste paper?为什么不试着用废纸做些有用的东西呢？ 2.Let’s try to decorate the room with handmade items.咱们用手工物品来装饰房间吧。 考点6的 reduced的用法 知识归纳 reduce sth. to...：减少到某个程度 reduce sth. by...：减少了多少百分比 1.Costs will be reduced by as much as 90%.（成本将减少多达90%。） 2.The number of plastic bags has been reduced to a minimum.（塑料袋数量已减少到最低。） 3.Reusing paper can help reduce waste at school.重复利用纸张可以帮助学校减少浪费。 考点7 provide 提供 知识归纳 provide sb. with sth. / provide sth. for sb. 1.The project provides students with chances. 2.The project provides chances for students. 考点8 bring的用法 知识归纳 bring vs. take bring：带来（朝说话人方向） e.g. Please bring me your notebook. take：带走（离开说话人方向） e.g. Take your umbrella with you. 1.Painting brings me a lot of happiness.画画给我带来了很多快乐。 2.Making gifts by hand brings joy to both me and the receiver.手工制作礼物既让我开心，也让收礼人感到高兴。 考点9 proud的用法 知识归纳 be proud of = take pride in：为……感到自豪 pride（n.）骄傲 e.g. He is the pride of his family. be proud to do sth.：为做某事感到自豪 1.I was proud of my handmade model.我为我自己做的模型感到自豪。 2.They were proud to present their group project.他们为展示小组项目而感到骄傲。 考点10 keep 的常见用法 结构 含义 例句 keep + n. 饲养 keep a pet keep + adj. / adv. 保持状态 keep healthy / keep off the wall keep (on) doing sth. 继续做某事 keep reading keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 = stop sb. from doing sth. = prevent sb. (from) doing sth. The noise kept me from sleeping. Keep asking questions and challenging yourself — that’s how progress is made.持续提问并挑战自己——进步正是在这样的过程中实现的。 考点11 willing的用法 知识归纳 willing (adj.) 乐意的，愿意的 be willing to do sth. 乐意做某事 例句：- She is willing to help me. - We are willing to work hard. 1.If you're willing to step outside your comfort zone, you'll discover your true potential.如果你愿意走出舒适区，你就会发现自己的真正潜力。 2.We are willing to invest time and energy because we understand that excellence requires persistence.我们愿意投入时间和精力，因为我们明白卓越需要坚持不懈。 考点12 词组辨析：work hard / hard work / hard-working 结构 含义 举例 work hard (动词 + 副词) 努力学习/工作 He always works hard. hard work (形容词 + 名词) 辛苦的工作 Success takes hard work. hard-working (形容词) 勤奋的，努力的 She is a hard-working student. 考点13 bored vs. Boring 词形 含义 用法 例句 bored 感到无聊的 修饰人 I feel bored at home. boring 令人无聊的 修饰事/物 This movie is boring. 【拓展：类似结构】 主观感受形容词 客观特性形容词 interested interesting excited exciting surprised surprising amazed amazing 考点14 the number of vs. a number of 表达 含义 动词形式 the number of ……的数量（看作整体） 单数 a number of 许多，大量（= many） 复数 1.The number of students is rising.学生人数在增加 2.A number of books are on the table.桌上摆着许多书 考点9 offer 提供 知识归纳 offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. The school offers us safety programmes.学校为我们提供安全计划。 = The school gives us safety programmes. = The school provides us with safety programmes. 考点10 pay attention to 的用法 知识归纳 pay attention to sth / doing sth 注意 / 重视 常见搭配： pay attention to details 注重细节; 注意细节 pay attention to everything concerned面面俱到 pay attention to safety 注意安全 1.You should pay attention to doing the experiment. 做这个实验你必须多加注意。 2.I didn't pay attention to what she was saying. 我没有注意她在说什么。 考点11 must vs. have to 结构 含义 特点 例句 must 必须（主观义务） 带有说话人意愿 My mother is ill, so I must go now. mustn’t 禁止 强烈语气 You mustn’t smoke here. have to 不得不（客观需要） 由环境决定 He has to eat at school. don’t have to = needn’t 没必要 表示不强求 You don’t have to work on weekends. 考点12 education 词族整理 词形 词性 含义 例句 education n. 教育 Many children don’t have access to good education. educate sb. to do sth. v. 教育某人做某事 We should educate children to be honest. educator n. 教育家 He is a great educator. educated adj. 受过教育的，有教养的 She is well educated and polite. educational adj. 教育的，有教育意义的 It was an educational visit. 考点13 while / when + doing sth. 用法 示例 表时间状语，从句主语与主句一致时可省略 While working, he learned a lot. when 可引导宾语从句或不定式结构 I don’t know when to go. / I don’t know when he will go. 区分总结 while/when + doing：时间状语（=在……期间） when + to do：宾语成分（不定式结构） when + 主语 + 谓语：宾语从句 1.While working part-time, she managed to balance study and life.在兼职的同时，她设法平衡了学习与生活。 考点14 by 的五种用法归类 用法结构 含义 示例 by + doing sth. 通过某种方式 He studies by reading aloud. by + 事物 在……旁边、靠近 There’s a bench by the tree. by + 时间 不迟于，在……之前 Please finish it by Friday. by + 交通工具 通过……方式出行 He travels by bus. by + 人（被动语态） 被，由 He was raised by his aunt. He taught himself programming by building small websites.他通过制作小型网站自学了编程。 考点12 way的常用表达 in this way：用这种方法 in many ways：在许多方面 on one’s way to：在去…的路上 by the way：顺便说一下 lose one’s way：迷路 in the way / in one’s way / in the way of sb：挡路 in no way：绝不 all the way：全程；一直 in a way：在某一点上，在某种程度上 考点13 succeed 的系列表达 知识归纳 success 词族扩展： success (n.) 成功 successful (adj.) 成功的successfully (adv.) 成功地 结构 含义 示例 succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事 He succeeded in passing the test. be successful in doing sth. 同义表达 She was successful in changing her habits. do sth. successfully 副词表达 He completed the mission successfully. have success in doing sth. 名词结构 They had great success in business. He succeeded in overcoming all the challenges through perseverance.他通过坚持不懈成功克服了所有挑战。 考点 14构词法：动词 / 名词 + 后缀 → 表示“人”的名词 一．构词规则总结 后缀 来源词 含义 举例 -er 多为动词 表示“做某事的人” speaker（讲话者）、farmer（农民） -or 多为动词 功能/职业/角色 actor（演员）、inventor（发明者） -r 多为动词 简化形式，常为职业者 writer（作家）、driver（司机） -ist 多为名词 表专业人士/技艺者 artist（艺术家）、scientist（科学家） 二．典型构词示例对照表 speak → speaker 说话的人 collect → collector 收藏家 farm → farmer 农民 direct → director 导演 paint → painter 画家，油漆工 drive → driver 司机 play → player 选手，运动员 write → writer 作者 report → reporter 记者 dance → dancer 舞者 wait → waiter 男服务员 tour → tourist 旅行者 shop → shopper 购物者 art → artist 艺术家 win → winner 获胜者 science → scientist 科学家 swim → swimmer 游泳者 piano → pianist 钢琴家 visit → visitor 参观者 collect → collector 收藏家 1.The reporter asked the director several sharp questions.记者向导演提了几个尖锐的问题。 2.She is not just a dancer, but also a talented painter.她不仅是一名舞者，还是一位才华横溢的画家。 3.He dreams of becoming a scientist like his father.他梦想成为像父亲那样的科学家。 4.Many tourists visit this ancient city every year.每年都有许多游客参观这座古城。 考点15. develop 用法 词性 形式 含义与示例 v. develop We need to develop better communication skills. n. development With the development of technology... adj. developing / developed developing countries / developed areas develop A into B：把A发展成B with the development of...：随着……的发展 考点16 as...as possible的用法 知识归纳 as...as possible = as...as sb. can/could表示“尽可能……”，中间为原级形容词或副词。 1.I think they will be back as soon as possible.我想他们很快就会回来的。 2.You need to run as fast as you can.你得跑得越快越好。 考点17 meaning 词族构成： 词性 词形 含义 示例 v. mean 意味着 / 打算 I didn’t mean to hurt you. n. meaning 意思 / 意义 This word has two different meanings. adj. meaningful 有意义的 It’s meaningful to help others. adj. meaningless 毫无意义的 The meeting felt meaningless. 考点18 surprise.的用法 词形 含义 示例 surprise (n.) 惊奇，意外 What a big surprise! surprise (v.) 使吃惊 The result surprised him. surprised (adj.) 吃惊的（人感受） I was surprised at the news. surprising (adj.) 令人吃惊的（事物特征） That’s a surprising decision. 常用结构： to one's surprise 令某人吃惊的是 be surprised at sth. / to do sth. a surprising result / ending 考点19 use的用法 知识归纳 ① use (v.) 使用 used to do：过去常常做（现在不做） be used to doing：习惯于做某事 be used to do：被用来做某事 be used for：被用作… ② use (n.) 用途 be in use = 正在使用中 【常见误区提醒】否定形式是：didn’t use to 或 usedn’t to “习惯”用 be used to doing，不是 to do！ 1.He used to go fishing every Saturday. 他过去每个周六常去钓鱼。 2.He thinks he’ll never be used to living the busy life. 他认为他再也不会习惯于过这种繁忙的生活了。 考点20 look forward to的用法 知识归纳 look forward to 意为“期待，盼望”， 后接名词/代词/动名词（-ing 形式）作宾语。 1.We’re looking forward to your visit. 2.I look forward to working with you again. 考点21 care的用法 知识归纳 care（v.）关心、在意 常用搭配：care about sb./sth. 关心、在乎 care for sb. 喜欢 / 照顾（= look after） 衍生词汇 care（n.）照料 → Take care! careful / careless（adj.）细心的 / 粗心的 carefully / carelessly（adv.）认真地 / 马虎地 1.I know my parents care about me.我知道我的父母关心我。 2.I don't care about what you'll say.我不在乎你会说什么。 3.She cares for her sick father.→ = She looks after / takes care of her sick father.她照顾她生病的父亲。 考点22 honest的用法 知识归纳 honest（adj.）诚实的，正直的 → 反义词：dishonest 用法：作定语/表语 to be honest = to tell the truth（插入语） be honest with sb. 对某人诚实 冠词注意：an honest（h 不发音，元音音素开头） 1.He is an honest boy.他是个诚实的男孩。 2.To be honest, I don't like it.说实话，我不喜欢这样 3.Be honest with your parents.对父母要诚实 考点23 help的用法 知识归纳 help词性词形变化： help：n./v. 帮助； helpful：adj. 乐于助人的； helpless：adj. 无助的 常用结构： 1.help sb. (to) do sth.（帮助做某事） 2.help sb. with sth. 3.can’t help (doing) sth.（情不自禁） 4.with the help of sb.（在某人帮助下） 拓展表达：be helpful = be of (great) help 考点24 worry 的用法 知识归纳 基本用法：及物动词：worry sb. 使某人担心 不及物动词：worry about sth. 为……担心 = be worried about sth. 不可数名词：worry 烦恼 可数名词：worries 烦心事 形容词：worried：担心的 常搭配：be worried about... 1.The boy always worries his parents. 2.She worries about her students. 3.My mother has a lot of worries. 考点25 danger的用法 知识归纳 danger：名词，危险；状态名词 【派生词】dangerous（adj. 危险的） 【固定搭配】：be in danger：处在危险中 out of danger：脱离危险 be in danger of doing sth.：有……的危险 考点26. like 相关疑问句 知识归纳 问性格 / 品质 常用句型：What is sb. like? 问长相 常用句型：What does sb. look like? / How does sb. look? 问爱好 常用句型：What does sb. like? 问看法 / 评价 常用句型：What do you think of...? / How do you like/find/feel...? 问天气 / 新环境 常用句型：How's the weather? / What's your new school like? 1.— What is he like?— He's kind.—他是什么样的人？——他很善良。 2.— What does she look like?— She is tall and thin.—她长什么样？——她又高又瘦。 3.— She likes dancing.她喜欢跳舞。 4.— What do you think of the movie?—你对这部电影有什么看法？ 5.How's the weather? — It's sunny.—天气怎么样？——今天阳光明媚。 易错点 学科网（北京）股份有限公1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 考点1make 的多种用法 知识归纳 （1） make an excellent teacher 释义：成为一位优秀的老师 （2）make a kite 释义：制作风筝 （3）make sb do sth 释义：让某人做某事（强制或促使） （4）make + sb / sth + adj. 释义：使某人/某物变得…… （5）make + it + adj. + to do 释义：使做某事变得…… （6）make a decision 释义：做决定 （7）make up one’s mind to do释义：下决心做某事 （8）make fun of 释义：取笑 （9）make use of 释义：利用 （10）make sure 释义：确保 （11）make up 释义：组成；编造；化妆；和解（根据语境变化） （12）be made up of 释义：由……组成 （13）be made of / from释义：由……制成（of → 材质未改变；from → 原料已改变） （14）make a big difference to释义：对……有很大影响 1.Regular exercise can make a big difference to your health.（规律锻炼能对你的健康产生很大影响。） 2.Her patience and knowledge make her an excellent teacher.（她的耐心和知识让她成为一位出色的老师。） 3.We made a kite and flew it in the park.（我们做了一个风筝，并在公园里放飞它。） 5.The news made her happy.（这个消息让她很开心。） 6.She made it easy to understand the complex problem.（她让这个复杂问题变得容易理解。） 7.It’s time to make a decision about our holiday plans.（是时候对我们的假期计划做出决定了。） 8.He finally made up his mind to study abroad.（他终于下定决心出国留学。） 9.It’s rude to make fun of someone’s accent.（取笑别人的口音是不礼貌的。） 10.You should make good use of your free time.（你应该好好利用空闲时间。） 11.Make sure you lock the door before leaving.（离开前一定要锁好门。） 12.The team is made up of five members.（这个团队由五名成员组成。） 13.This table is made of wood.（这张桌子是木头做的。） 14.Wine is made from grapes.（酒是由葡萄酿成的。） 考点2 It’s + adj. + for/of sb. to do sth. 知识归纳 It’s + adj. + for/of sb. to do sth. 结构解析：“It”为形式主语，to do 为真正主语。 两类形容词： It’s + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 强调“做这事的难易或必要性”等。这类形容词有：important ，easy ，difficult ，hard ，necessary 等。 It’s + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 强调“人的品质或行为”。 这类形容词有：kind ，wise ，clever ，good ，foolish等。 1.It’s important for you to study hard. / It’s necessary for you to do more exercise. 2.It’s kind of you to say so. 你这样说真是太善良了. 考点3 need的用法 知识归纳 1.名词：need（需要） sb. in need（有困难的人） in need of sth.（需要某物） satisfy / meet one’s need（满足某人的需求） 2.动词：need（需要） 用法类型 肯定句 否定句 实义动词 need to do sth. don't need to do sth. 情态动词 need do sth.（较少用） needn't do sth. 3.特殊结构（主动表被动） sth. needs doing = sth. needs to be done The room needs cleaning. = The room needs to be cleaned. 考点4 穿戴的用法 知识归纳 wear：表示穿戴的状态，也用于“面带某种表情” 相关表达对比： 1.put on：穿上（强调动作）反义词：take off 2.dress：给人穿衣 dress sb. / dress oneself / get dressed / dress up 3.in + 颜色：表示穿着某种颜色 4.on + sb.：衣物穿在某人身上 1.She is wearing a pair of glasses.她戴着一副眼镜。 2.She always wears a smile.她总是面带微笑。 3.Put on your coat or you'll catch a cold.穿上外套，否则你会感冒的。 4. Jack can dress himself.杰克可以自己穿衣服。 5.the girl in red那个穿红色衣服的女孩。 6.The dress looks great on you.这件衣服穿在你身上很合适。 考点5 few & little（否定） vs. a few & a little（肯定） 知识归纳 用法 含义 举例 few 几乎没有（可数名词） Few people understand the differences. a few 有一些（可数名词） A few cars passed by me. little 几乎没有（不可数） There was little doubt in my mind. a little 有一点（不可数） a little sugar / tea 比较级形式 原级 比较级 最高级 few fewer fewest little less least 补充：常见表达 at least：至少 She must be at least 18. at most：至多 He must be at most 30. 考点6 -ed / -ing 形容词区别 知识归纳 -ed / -ing 形容词区别 词形 修饰对象 含义 例句 -ed 人 自身感受 I feel excited. / I'm interested in English. -ing 事物 令人感受 an exciting match / an interesting book 特殊表达： excited look：激动的表情（自己感受） boring people：无聊之人（令人感到无聊） 考点7 try 的用法 知识归纳 1.try to do sth.含义：努力 / 设法做某事 2.try doing sth.含义：尝试做某事 3.have / take a try含义：尝试一下（名词） 1.We should try to learn English well.我们应该努力学好英语。 2.Tom tried solving the problem this way.汤姆尝试用这个方法解决问题。 3.May I have another try?我可以再试一次吗？ 考点8 far away from：表示“离……远” 知识归纳 far (away)：作表语/状语，不接宾语；表示“远”，可省略 away。 far away from：相当于 far from，必须接宾语。 【区分】far from vs. away from 表达 用法说明 示例 far from 表示模糊的远，不加数字 My home is far from the hospital. away from 表示具体的距离，常跟数字 My home is 20 km away from the hospital. 记忆窍门： far away 不接宾语；away from 必接宾语且可加数字 1.They do not live far away.（他们住得不远） 2.We don’t live far from the park.（我们住得离公园不远） 考点9 四大“花费”动词用法 主语 动词 宾语/搭配 例句 sb. spend 时间/金钱 + on sth. I spent 10 yuan on this book. 时间 + in doing sth. He spends hours in reading. sb. pay 金钱 + for sth. She paid 20 yuan for the ticket. sth. cost (sb.) + 金钱 The bag cost me 100 yuan. it take sb. + 时间 + to do sth. It took her two days to finish. 【补充】cost 作名词：费用、开销 e.g. We don't have enough money to cover(足以支付) the cost of the trip. 一句话口诀：人 spend / pay，物 cost，it takes 时间 考点10 another / more 用法对比 结构 用法 示例 another + 数字 + 名词复数 表“再……个” I need another two apples. 数字 + more + 名词复数 同义替换 I need two more apples. some / a few / any + more + 名词 表“再多一些……” We need a few more volunteers. 同义替换： another two books = two more books another five minutes = five more minutes 考点11 experience的用法 知识归纳 experience 可数名词：一次经历 不可数名词：经验 动词：体验，经历 派生词：experienced（adj. 有经验的） 1.Describe our own experience of making something. 描述我们亲手制作某物的经历。 2.I had an exciting experience at the camp. 我在营地有一次令人兴奋的经历。 3.He has much experience in teaching. 他在教学方面有丰富的经验。 4.She experienced a lot of difficulties. 她经历了很多困难。 5.My father is an experienced driver. 我爸爸是一位有经验的司机。 考点12 another / other / the other / others 知识归纳 another：另一个（泛指三个或以上中的任一）→ I want another cup of tea. the other：两者中的另一个 → One student is here, the other is absent. other：其他的（形容词/限定词）→ He has other books. others：其他人/其他事物（代词）→ Some students are playing, others are reading. 考点13 stop 和try的用法 知识归纳 stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事 → Stop playing games. stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 → He stopped to drink water. try to do sth. 努力去做某事→ He tried to fix the chair.（努力修） try doing sth. 尝试做某事→ He tried fixing the chair.（尝试用修理来解决问题） 考点14 instead的用法 知识归纳 instead（副词）：作为替代 → She didn’t call. She wrote a letter instead. instead of（介词短语）：不是……而是…… → I stayed at home instead of going to the party. 【区别总结】： 表达方式 用法 后接内容 instead of 否定替换 名词 / 代词 / 动词 ing instead 肯定替换 通常放句首/中/尾，独立成句 She didn’t give up. Instead, she worked even harder.她没有放弃，反而更加努力。 学科网（北京）股份有限公1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $