Unit 5 Languages around the world Words and Expressions 词汇 课件-2025-2026学年人教版高中英语必修第一册

该高中英语课件围绕“世界语言”主题，系统梳理数词（billion等）、名词（native, attitude等）、动词（refer, appreciate等）等核心词汇及用法，从数词引入语言使用者数量，逐步过渡到语言态度、系统等相关词汇，构建从基础到语境应用的学习支架。 其亮点在于结合语言能力培养，通过音标、释义、短语、例句系统讲解词汇，搭配即学即练（如attitude的完成句子、base的语法填空），同时融入同义反义对比（如native与local/foreign）培养思维品质，助力学生即时巩固。学生能夯实词汇基础提升应用能力，教师可借助系统资源提高教学效率。

Unit 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD Words and Expressions 1. billion [ˈbɪljən ] n.十亿 dozen 一打; 十二个 hundred 百 thousand 千 ten thousand 万 hundred thousand 十万 million [ˈmɪljən ] 一百万 ten million 千万 hundred million 亿 trillion 万亿; 兆 billionaire 亿万富翁 millionaire 百万富翁 2 1. billion表示具体的数目，后面不加“s”；表示不确定的数目，后面要加“s”并且组成of短语 two billion people 二十亿人 billions of people 数十亿人 two dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋 dozens of people 数十个人 You may set a small goal first, like earning 100 million yuan. 3 2. native [ˈneɪtɪv ] n.本地人 adj.出生地的;本地的;土著的 a native of Guangzhou 广州本地人 native speaker 母语人士 native language/tongue 母语 your native land/country/city 你的故乡/祖国/故里 同义：local 反义：foreign 翻译：对学生来说，掌握好母语和一门外语很重要。 It is vital for students to master their native language as well as a foreign language. 4 3. attitude[ˈætɪtju:d] n.态度;看法 attitude to/towards... 对……的态度/看法 have/take a(n)．..attitude to/towards... 对……持……的态度/采取……的态度 【完成句子】1. 是你对学习的消极态度使父母生气。 It was ________________________________ that made your parents angry. 2. 我们应该对生活有积极的态度。 your negative attitude towards study We should have a positive attitude towards life. 5 表示“态度”的词汇： opposed 强烈反对的 disapproving 反对的；不赞成的 critical 批评的;批判性的； supportive 支持的 favorable approving 赞同的 neutral 中立的 doubtful 怀疑的 sympathetic 同情的 tolerant 宽容的 6 4. reference [ˈrefrəns]: n.指称关系;参考；参考文献 make reference to 提到；谈到 She made no reference to her illness but only to her future plans. 她没有提到她的病，只说了她未来的计划。 for…reference 作为参考 I keep the list of numbers near the phone for your reference. 我把电话号码表放在电话旁边，供你参考。 I wrote down the name of the hotel for future reference. 我记下了这家酒店的名字，以后也许用得着。 7 [翻译] 针对这个问题，我有几项建议供你参考。 As for this problem, I have some suggestions/some pieces of advice for your reference. 5. refer 提到;参考;查阅;查询;叫…求助于 refer to sb/sth 提到；谈及；说起 You know who I'm referring to. 你知道我指的是谁。 The term ‘Arts’ usually refers to humanities and social sciences. Arts一词通常指人文和社会科学。 8 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 (1)The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as ________ (refer) books while the magazines serve as reading materials. (2)What really surprised us was that the president spoke at the meeting for nearly two hours without ________ (refer) to his notes. reference referring 9 6. system [ˈsɪstəm]: n.体系;制度;系统 system of/for sth（思想或理论）体系；方法；制度；体制 a system of government 政体 adj. systematic 系统的；有条理的；有计划有步骤的 a systematic approach to solving the problem 系统解决问题的办法 10 7. despite [dɪˈspaɪt ]: prep.即使; 尽管 She was good at physics despite the fact that she found it boring. 尽管她认为物理枯燥无味，她却学得很好。 Despite applying for hundreds of jobs, he is still out of work. 尽管他申请了数百个工作，但仍然在失业中。 同义：in spite of even if/even though In spite of his disappointment, he managed a weak smile. 尽管他很失望，他还是勉强露出一丝淡淡的微笑。 Even if you have dark skin, you still need protection from the sun. 即使你皮肤黝黑皮肤黝黑皮肤你皮肤你皮肤黝黑，仍需要防晒。 11 [即学即练]　even if 与despite对比填空 (1)________ the fact that Mr. Li is very rich, he leads a simple life. (2)________ I fail many times, I won't give up. Despite Even if 12 8. ups and downs 浮沉;兴衰;荣辱 The team had its ups and downs during the season, 这个球队整个赛季的表现时好时坏，起伏不定。 We have had our ups and downs like all married couples. 跟所有夫妻一样，我们的婚姻生活也是既有美满也有摩擦。 优缺点 利与弊  pros and cons strengths and weaknesses advantages and disadvantages 13 9. based adj. 以...为基础的;以…为重要部分/特征的 be based on 以……为根据；根据…；基于 What he said is based on fact. 他所说的话都是基于事实的。 The story is based on real life. 那故事是根据现实生活而写的。 base on 以……为根据 You should base you opinions on facts. 你的意见都要以事实为依据。 Edison based his ideas on scientific experiments. 爱迪生的想法是建立在科学实验的基础上的 base n. 底座；基础；军事基地 basis n. 基础 basic adj.基本的 basic information 基本信息 basically adv. 14 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 (1)________ (base) on a true story, the film is very popular. (2) ________ his ideas on scientific experiments, Edison put up with many scientific theories. (2)They have to have a ________ (base) understanding of computers in order to use the technology. Based basic Basing 分词作状语 现在分词：主要用来表示正在进行的动作或者状态和主动的语态 过去分词：主要用来表示已经完成或发生的动或状态和被动的语态。 15 谓语 宾语 状语 动作的对象 动作承受者 动作的修饰成分 什么是状语？ 16 但是有些状语看不出来是修饰动词，直接用下面的第2种方法判断就可以了。 表示时间、地点、原因、条件、比较、方式、结果、目的、让步、对照的成分是状语。如果这些成分是句子，这些句子就是状语从句。 I saw him at the airport yesterday. 昨天我在机场看到了他。 at the airport是地点, yesterday是时间，都是状语 I saw him when I was at the airport yesterday. 当我昨天在机场的时候，看到了他。 when I was at the airport yesterday是时间，所以是状语，同时也是一个句子，所以是时间状语从句。 10. symbol  /ˈsɪmbl/ n. 象征 symbol of sth White has always been a symbol of purity in Western cultures. 在西方文化中，白色一向象征纯洁。 symbolic adj. 使用象征的；作为象征的；象征性的 The dove is symbolic of peace. 鸽子是和平的象征。 【翻译】我推荐你去参观故宫，那是北京的象征。 I recommend (that) you should visit the Palace Museum, which is a symbol of Beijing. 11. variety [vəˈraɪətɪ ]: n. (植物/语言等的)变体;异体;多样化 a variety of＝varieties of　种类繁多的 There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from. 有种类繁多的图案可供选择。 various [ˈveərɪəs] adj. 不同的; 各种各样的 various kinds of 各种各样的 vary with... 根据……而变化 vary from... to... 从……到……不等；在……到……之间变动 The menu varies with the season. 菜单随季节而变动。 Tastes and preferences vary from individual to individual. 人的爱好和选择各不相同。 12. major [ˈmeɪdʒə(r)]: adj.主要的;重要的;大的 Unemployment is a major cause of poverty. 失业是贫困的主要原因。 n.主修课程;主修学生 He is a history major.  His major is history. 他是历史专业的学生。/ 他的专业是历史。 V.主修;专门研究 He majored in History at Sun Yat-Sen University . 他在中山大学主修历史学。 13. means [mi:nz ]: n.方式;方法;途径 a means of 工具；方式；方法； 毫无疑问，微信是一种重要的交流工具。 There is no doubt that Wechat is an important means of communication. by all means 可以；当然行；没问题 ‘Do you mind if I have a look?’ ‘By all means.’ “我看一眼行吗？”“当然可以。” by no means = not at all 绝不；一点也不 That was by no means the end of the matter. 事情决不可能到此为止。 by means of = with the help of 借助…手段；依靠…方法 He supported himself by means of a nearby post. 他靠在旁边的柱子上。 14. regard [rɪˈgɑ:d]: n. 尊重;关注 v. 把...视为;看待 regard/consider... as... 认为……是…… 我一直把他当作亲生儿子。 I have always regarded him as my own son. with/in regard to sth. 关于某事 With regard to his suggestions, we shall discuss them fully. 关于他的建议，我们将充分讨论。 regardless of 不管;不顾;不理会 I shall always love you, regardless of all the consequences. 我会一直爱你，不计后果。 15. global ['gləʊbəl]: adj. 全球的;全世界的 global climate warming 全球气候变暖 globalize vt. 全球化 globalization n. 全球化 经济全球化 economic globalization 16. appreciate [ə'pri:ʃieɪt]: v.欣赏;重视; 感激;领会;增值 欣赏；赏识；重视 His talents are not fully appreciated in that company. 他的才干在那家公司未受到充分赏识。 You can't really appreciate foreign literature in translation. 看翻译作品不能真正欣赏到外国文学原著的美妙之处。 感激；感谢； I would appreciate it if you can do me a favor. 假如你能帮我的话，我将不胜感激。 appreciation n. 感激；感谢; 欣赏 express one's appreciation to sb. (for sth.) (因某事)表达对某人的感激之情 17. struggle [ˈstrʌgl ] n.斗争;奋斗;努力;难事 v.斗争;奋斗;搏斗;努力 struggle for... 为...而努力/拼搏/奋斗 struggle to do... 努力做... struggle against/with 与……作斗争 ①He's struggling to bring up a family alone. 他独自一人艰难地养活一家人。 ②He struggled against the disease for ten years. 他与这种疾病斗争了十年。 ③It was a real struggle to be ready on time. 要按时做好准备绝非易事。 18. point of view: 观点;看法 from one’s point of view: 依某人的观点/看法 in one’s view: 依某人的观点/看法 in one’s opinion：据某人看来; 根据某人的看法 19. beg [beg ]: v. 恳求;祈求;哀求 beg sb. for sth 恳求；祈求；哀求 They begged him for help. 他们向他求援。 I beg your pardon. 我请求你的原谅/宽恕。 请再说一遍。 beg sb. to do... She begged her husband not to go. 她求她的丈夫别离开。 beggar n. 叫花子；要饭 20. equal ['i:kwəl]: n.同等的人;相等物 adj. 相同的;同样的 v. 等于;和…相等;比得上 1)Women demand equal pay for equal work. 2)We are all equals at the school. 3)Nobody can equal him in maths. 4)Three and five equals eight. equally adv. 平等地 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/句式升级 (1)It is a pity that some people can't go back home at the Spring Festival for a ________ (various) of reasons. (2)The research team is made up of the pupils, whose ages ________ (various) from 10 to 15. (3)Our school has built a new stadium. It has all kinds of well­equipped facilities. →Our school has built a new stadium, _________________________ well­equipped facilities. (升级加黑词； 升级为定语从句) variety　 vary　 which has various/varieties of/a variety of [即学即练]　单句写作 随着中国在国际事务中扮演着越来越重要的角色，学好汉语对我们来说非常重要。因此，我的父母想让我在大学主修中文。 As China __________________________________global affairs, it is very important for us to have a good knowledge of Chinese. As a result, my parents wants me ________________________ at college. plays a more and more important role in to major in Chinese [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)Here I sincerely express my ___________ (appreciate) if you could help find the lost suitcase. (2)如果你考虑我的建议我将感激不尽。 ________________you could take my suggestions into consideration. appreciation　 I'd appreciate it if [即学即练]　单句语法填空 (1)In 1862, the American black people won their struggle ________ equal rights after many years' fighting against the white. (2)Jane Eyre, by Charlotte Bronte, is a story of a young woman's struggle ________ (find) happiness. (3)As teenagers get older, they struggle ________ (be) independent, but at the same time, they may badly want and need their parents' love. for to find　 to be　 21.demand n．要求；需求　vt.强烈要求；需要　vi.查问 　　　　　 (1)be in (great) demand　　　　　 (迫切)需求 meet one's demands　 满足某人的需求 (2)demand to do sth.　 要求做某事 demand that...(should) do...　 要求…… (3)demanding adj.　 高要求的；要求严格的 ①The management refused our demand for a pay rise. 管理部门拒绝了我们加薪的要求。 ②Good secretaries are always in demand. 优秀的秘书总是很抢手。 ③The teacher demands that all the homework (should) be finished on time. 老师要求所有的作业都要按时完成。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 (1)They think learning English well is one of the ________ (demand) of modern society and will do good to us. (2)The teacher demanded that the students ________ (be) on time to every class. [链接写作]　词汇升级 普通表达The manager asked the workers to work hard to finish the task ahead of time. 高级表达The manager _________that the workers (should) work hard to finish the task ahead of time. demands　 should be demanded 22.description n．描写(文字)；形容 　　　　　 (1)beyond description　　　　　　 无法形容；难以描述 (2)describe vt. 描述；形容；描绘 ①He gave us a short description of the city.他给我们简短地介绍了这个城市。 ②It is difficult to describe how I feel now.很难形容我现在的感受。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 (1)The beautiful sight of Mount Huangshan is ________ description. (2)He gave us a clear ___________ (describe) of the accident. beyond　 description 23.relate vt.联系；讲述 (1) relate to 与……相关；涉及；谈到 (2) be related to 与……有关 (3) relation n. 关系；联系 · The report seeks to relate the increase in crime to the rise in unemployment. 这个报告试图把犯罪活动增多和失业率的上升联系起来。 · The theme of the dialogue should be related to that of the passage. 对话的主题应与文章的主题相关。 联想拓展： “relate”一大家族： relate　vt. 联系；讲述 related adj. 与……有关 unrelated adj. 不相关的 relation n. 关系 relationship n. 关系；联系 $