Unit3 Grammar课件 -2025-2026学年英语沪教版（2024）八年级上册

Unit 3 Our digital lives At the end of this lesson, you will be able to use comparative and superlative adjectives to talk about digital devices. learn comparative and superlative adjectives; ➷➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ When we compare two people or things, we can use the comparative form of the adjective. This one is __________. bigger This one is the __________. biggest When we compare more than two people or things, we can use the superlative form of the adjective. Let’s learn more. 当被比较的对象是三个或三个以上时，我们会用形容词的最高级，表示 “___________”。 ① My cousin is taller than I am. 我的表哥比我高。 ② My book is more interesting than his. 我的书比他的书有趣。 当我们将两个对象进行比较时，我们要用形容词的比较级，表示 “___________________ _____________”。 较……；更……一些； 比……更…… ① She is my best friend. 她是我最好的朋友。 ② This is the most expensive computer in the shop. 这是店里最贵的电脑。 最…… 形容词的比较级 形容词的最高级 形容词的比较级和最高级是如何构成的呢？ Read the dialogue between Su Mei and Su Wen. Pay attention to the words in bold. 形容词的比较级和最高级是如何构成的呢？ 形容词的比较级和最高级在形式上有一定的变化规律，大体上分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。 一、形容词比较级和最高级的构成（规则变化） 1 大多数词后加-er/-est。 2 多音节词和部分双音节词，在词前加more/most。 Adjective Comparative adjective Superlative adjective fine nice finer nicer finest nicest 2 以不发音的字母e结尾的词后加-r/-st。 Adjective Comparative adjective Superlative adjective tidy pretty tidier prettier tidiest prettiest 3 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，去掉y，再加-ier/-iest。 Adjective Comparative adjective Superlative adjective big slim bigger slimmer biggest slimmest 4 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-er/-est。 Long Adjective Comparative adjective Superlative adjective beautiful wonderful more beautiful more wonderful most beautiful most wonderful Long adjectives are adjectives with three or more syllables. 5 多音节词和部分双音节词，在词前加more/most。 irregular adjective Comparative adjective Superlative adjective → better → best → worse → worst well (健康的) → better → best ill → worse → worst many → more → most much → more → most little (少的) → less → least good bad 形容词比较级和最高级的构成（不规则变化） 有些形容词有两种比较级和最高级的变化方式。如： 原级 比较级 最高级 old older/ elder oldest/ eldest far farther/ further farthest/ furthest clever cleverer/ more clever cleverest/ most clever handsomer/ more handsome handsomest/ most handsome politer/ more polite politest/ most polite simpler/ more simple simplest/ most simple stupider/ more stupid stupidest/ most stupid handsome polite simple stupid We can add -(e)r/-(e)st or more/most to the following adjectives with two syllables: clever handsome polite simple stupid 构成形容词比较级和最高级的er和est，自成一个音节，读作/ə/和/ɪst/。 如果原级词末为不发音的字母r，加er 和est 时，r 要发/r/音，如clear /klɪə(r)/、clearer /klɪərə/、clearest /klɪərɪst/。 如果原级词末的发音为/ŋ/，加er 和est 时，/ŋ/音后得加上/g/音，如long /lɒŋ/、longer /lɒŋgə(r)/、longest /lɒŋgɪst/。 二、形容词比较级常见用法如下： 1 通常情况下，我们用 “比较级 + than” 来引出比较的第二部分。 ① This picture is more beautiful than that one. 这幅画比那幅画更漂亮。 ② The white cat is fatter than the black cat. 白猫比黑猫胖。 2 我们常用“Which/Who ... + 比较级，... or ...?” 的句型表示在两者中选择。 ① Which picture is more beautiful, this one or that one? 这幅画和那幅画，哪个更漂亮？ ② Who is younger, John or Jimmy? 约翰和吉米，谁更年轻？ 3 我们可在比较级前加上a little、much、 even等词来表示程度。 ① China is much larger than Japan. 中国比日本大得多。 ② I am feeling even worse today. 我今天感觉更糟。 ③ The shoes are a little bigger for me. 这双鞋对我来说大一点。 4 我们用“比较级 + and + 比较级”的结构 来表示人或事物本身程度的改变，意 为“越……越……”。 ① The boys are stronger and stronger. 男孩们越来越强壮。 ② The cat is getting fatter and fatter. 这只猫变得越来越肥了。 1 我们用“the + 最高级 + 比较范围”的结 构来表示在某一范围内“最……”。 ① I’m the tallest of/among the three. 我是三个人中最高的。 ② Russia is the largest country in the world. 俄罗斯是世界上最大的国家。 介词 of 和 among后面接表示范围的人或物。 in后面接表示范围的名词或名词性短语。 二、形容词最高级常见用法如下： 常用句型: one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数 + 比较范围，表示 “…… 之中最…… 的之一”。 ① She was one of the greatest minds of her generation. 她是她那一代人中最聪慧的人之一。 ② It was one of the hardest things I ever did. 这是我做过的最难的事情之一。 ③ It is one of the safest cars in the world. 这是世界上最安全的车型之一。 2 我们用“形容词性物主代词 + 最高级” 的结构来表示某人或事物的“最……”。 此时形容词的最高级前不需要定冠词the。 ① Peter is his oldest son. 彼得是他的长子。 ② It was the exam paper of my worst subject, history. 那是一张历史试卷，历史是我最差的一门学科。 3 我们可以用序数词修饰形容词的最高级。 ① Which river is the first longest in the world? 世界第一长河是哪条河？ ② In the USA, the second largest city is Los Angeles. 美国的第二大城市是洛杉矶。 Complete the conversation with the comparative or the superlative form of the adjectives in brackets. P42 Su Wen: Did you watch that science show on TV last night? It was about chess computers. Su Mei: No, I didn’t. Was it interesting? Su Wen: Yes! Scientists designed (1)__________ (early) chess computers in the 1950s. At the time, the computers could not beat human players. Even ordinary people were (2)_________(good) than these first chess computers. But in 1997, a computer named Deep Blue won a chess match against the world champion. This was (3)______________ (famous) chess game against a computer in history. the earliest better the most famous Deep Blue – A Super Computer for Chess Deep Blue was a very powerful computer made by IBM. People built it to play chess. In 1997, it beat the world chess champion, Garry Kasparov. This was the first time a computer ever won a match against the best human chess player. At first, in 1996, Deep Blue lost to Kasparov. IBM then made it faster and smarter. One year later, the new Deep Blue won the match 3.5 to 2.5. After that, IBM took the machine apart and stopped using it. Deep Blue showed everyone that computers could do very hard thinking tasks. Su Wen: Wow, that’s a big victory for artificial intelligence (AI)! Su Mei: Indeed! Back then, Deep Blue was (4)_________________ (powerful) chess computer in the world. But now, an ordinary computer can beat (5)____________ (good) human players. Su Wen: Well, that may be true, but humans invented AI. Also, computers cannot think like we do. That means humans are still (6)__________(smart) than computers! the most powerful the best smarter • Which do you think is more convenient to read, e-books or print books? • Does ... make your life easier or harder? • Is it safer to make new friends online or offline? Interview your teachers and classmates about their attitudes towards digital technology. Write questions with comparative and superlative adjectives before you start. P42 Most of my classmates / teachers think that it is more convenient to ... Some say it is safer/ easier to ... Summarize the information you collected in Exercise 2 and share your findings with the class. You may begin your summary with the following sentences. P42 中考链接 1. Journey to the West is one of _________ classic novels in China. People like reading it. (2025 云南 单项选择) A. famous B. more famous C. the more famous D. the most famous 2. - Do you enjoy Han Lei’s songs? - Yes. He is the winner of I’m SingerⅡ. I can’t think of anyone with a _______ voice. (2025 南京 单项选择) A. better B. best C. more D. most 中考链接 3. Many people think eating at home is _____ than eating in the restaurant. (2024 天津 单项选择) A. healthy B. healthier C. healthiest D. the healthiest 4. She is always saying, “Don’t you think mine is _____ than theirs?”. (2024 重庆 语法选择) A. good B. better C. best 5. Today Bao is still considered as one of the _______(great) officials in history and is loved by Chinese people. (2024 河南 语篇填空) 6. Jianshe Road is the _____ road in our city, especially around 8:00 am. (2024 河北 单项选择) A. busier B. busiest C. wider D. widest greatest 中考链接 含义 表示______比较，意为“_______________”。 变化规律 比较级 最高级 ______________的人或物比较时用最高级，表示“________”。 1 大多数词后加____或____。 2 以不发音的______结尾的词后加-r或-st。 3 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的词，去掉y， 再加_____或_____。 4 以一个辅音字母结尾的_____________，双写最 后一个辅音字母，再加-er或-est。 5 多音节词和部分双音节词的比较级和最高级是 在词前加______或______。 6 不规则变化 两者 三者或三者以上 -er -est 字母e -ier 重读闭音节词 more most (比……)更…… 最…… -iest 常见句式 比较级 最高级 1 比较级 + than 2 Which/Who ... + 比较 级，... or ...? 3 比较级前加上a little、 much、even等词来 表示程度 4 比较级 + and + 比较 级 1 the + 最高级 + 比较范围 2 形容词性物主代 词 + 最高级 3 序数词修饰形容 词的最高级 注: 另附word文档，点击此处链接 I. 单项选择。 ( ) 1. The T-shirt looks nice, but it costs too much. Do you have _______? A. the cheaper one B. a cheaper one C. an expensive one D. cheaper one ( ) 2. - What do you think of Taylor Swift’s Love Story? - I like it. I think it is the most beautiful one ______ all her songs. A. among B. between C. above D. with B A ( ) 3. More and more people in our city choose to go to work by bike or on foot, because they think it is _______ greener than driving. A. little B. much C. more D. many ( ) 4. - The fish in this restaurant is ___ in the town. - That’s true. You can’t find better fish in any other restaurant. A. best B. the best C. good D. better B B II. 用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. This suitcase is ______ (large) than that one. 2. In winter, the weather in North China is _____ (dry) than that in South China. 3. — Is the library __________ (high) of all the buildings in your school? — Yes, it is. 4. Zhaozhou Bridge is _________ (old) stone arch bridge (石拱桥) in the world. 5. Gina won first prize in the quiz, and her friend looked ____________ (excited) than her. larger drier the highest the oldest more excited 1. Can you use comparative and superlative adjectives correctly? 2. Can you describe your digital devices by using comparative and superlative adjectives? 1. Write a passage to describe your digital devices by using comparative and superlative adjectives. 2. Preview Speaking on page 43. $