Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 知识清单 2025-2026学年人教版（2024）八年级英语上册

单元复习 人教版（2024）八年级上册Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 📊 单元重点知识概览 核心主题人与自然； 动植物的神奇特征及保护了解动植物的“世界之最”及其适应性，思考人与自然的关系 Amazing, ecosystem, protect, biodiversity 重点词汇： 1. 动植物名称及部位。 2. 描述性形容词及其最高级。 3. 生态系统相关词汇 root, stem, leaf, flower, carnivore, herbivore, photosynthesis, amazing pollinate, survive, adapt, predator, prey 语法核心： 形容词/副词最高级： 1. 规则变化：tall—tallest; useful—most useful 2. 不规则变化：good—best; bad—worst; far—farthest 3. the + 最高级 + in/of/among..., one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 关键句型： 1. 询问特征。 2. 描述特征。 3. 表达观点 What's the largest animal in the world? It's the heaviest animal. I agree with you. It's one of the oldest plants. 语音重点： 1. 双元音 /eɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɔɪ/ 2. 辅音连缀 /bl/ /kl/ /gl/等 3. 句子重音及语义表达 /eɪ/ whale, /aɪ/ mice, /ɔɪ/ toy /bl/ blue, /kl/ clean, /gl/ glow 重音不同，句意焦点不同 文化与情感： 1. 理解竹子在中国文化中的象征意义。 2. 培养敬畏自然、保护生物多样性的意识 竹子：象征美好品德、生长迅速、用途广泛 a symbol of goodness, the fastest-growing plant 📚 详细知识点解析 一、核心词汇拓展与应用 动植物名称及部位： 植物部位: root (根), stem (茎), leaf (叶子, 复数为 leaves), flower (花), fruit (果实), seed (种子), bark (树皮), thorn (刺)。 动物类别: carnivore (食肉动物), herbivore (食草动物), omnivore (杂食动物), predator (捕食者), prey (猎物)。 描述性形容词（关注其最高级形式）： 大小/体积: large—largest, big—biggest, small—smallest, heavy—heaviest 速度: fast—fastest 年龄: old—oldest 高度: tall—tallest 外观/评价: beautiful—most beautiful, amazing (令人惊奇的), useful—most useful 生态系统与行为： photosynthesis (光合作用), pollination (授粉), ecosystem (生态系统), species (物种), habitat (栖息地), survive (生存), adapt (适应), protect (保护)。 二、语法核心：形容词和副词的最高级 最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或事物的比较，表示“最……”的概念。 1. 构成规则 规则变化： 1）单音节和部分双音节词： 2）一般直接加 -est：tall -> tallest 3）以不发音的 e 结尾，加 -st：large -> largest 4）以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变 y 为 i，再加 -est：heavy -> heaviest 5）以“重读闭音节”结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写末尾辅音字母，再加 -est： big—biggest 6）多音节和部分双音节词：在原级前加 most：beautiful—most beautiful, useful—most useful 不规则变化： good/well — best bad/badly — worst many/much — most little — least far — farthest/furthest 2. 常用句式 主语 + be + the + 形容词最高级 + in/of/among + 范围.` 表示“……是……中最……的。” The blue whale is the largest animal in the world. (蓝鲸是世界上最大的动物。) 主语 + be + one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词 + in/of/among + 范围.` 表示“……是……中最……的之一。” Moss is one of the oldest plants in the world. (苔藓是世界上最古老的植物之一。) Which/Who... + be + the + 形容词最高级...?` 用于提问“哪一个/谁是最……的？” Which animal runs the fastest? (哪种动物跑得最快？) 副词最高级的用法与形容词最高级类似，但副词前的 the 常可省略。 David runs (the) fastest among the boys. (大卫在男孩中跑得最快。) 三、关键句型与表达 询问与回答特征： — What's the largest animal in the world? (世界上最大的动物是什么？) — It's the blue whale. It's also the heaviest. (是蓝鲸。它也是最重的。) 表达同意： — I think it's the most beautiful animal in the world. (我认为它是世界上最美丽的动物。) — I (completely) agree with you. 我（完全）同意你的看法。 四、语音重点 音素辨识与发音： 重点关注双元音 /eɪ/ (如 whale), /aɪ/ (如 mice), /ɔɪ/ (如 toy) 以及辅音连缀 /bl/ (如 blue), /kl/ (如 clean), /gl/ (如 glow), /br/ (如 brown), /kr/ (如 crazy), /gr/ (如 green) 的准确发音。 句子重音： 引导学生注意句子中重读的单词通常承载着重要信息。重音位置不同，有时会强调不同的含义。 例如：I visited the redwood forests in California several times. 重读 redwood forests，强调去的是“红杉林”而不是别的地方。 重读 several times，强调去了“好几次”而不是一次。 单元练习 一、单项选择（每题1分，共10分） 1. —What do you think is the most amazing thing in nature? —________. Some plants can eat small insects. A. It's hard to believe B. You should see it C. It has special features D. There are so many amazing things 2. Pandas are very cute animals and they mainly feed ________ bamboo. A. with B. on C. in D. at 3. —What's the ________ of the elephant? —It's about 5,000 kilos. A. height B. size C. weight D. length 4. The new movie about animals will ________ on TV next week. A. take out B. find out C. look out D. come out 5. Many animals are in danger now. We should do something ________ them. A. protect B. protecting C. to protect D. protected 6. —Which is ________ season in your hometown? —Summer. It's always sunny and hot. A. good B. better C. best D. the best 7. Giraffes are amazing animals. They have very long necks and can reach the leaves ________ tall trees. A. in B. on C. at D. with 8. The little boy was ________ to see the big snake. A. exciting B. excited C. frightening D. frightened 9. Dolphins are very smart animals. They can ________ with each other by making sounds. A. communicate B. compete C. compare D. complete 10. The students are busy ________ a project about amazing plants. A. to do B. do C. doing D. did 二、完形填空（每题2分，共20分） Do you know the Venus flytrap (捕蝇草)? It is a kind of 11 that grows in North and South Carolina in the United States. It is an amazing plant. It can 12 insects (昆虫). The Venus flytrap has 13 parts. The leaves are the most important parts. Each leaf has two parts. They can open and close very 14 . Inside the leaves, there are three small 15 . When an insect touches one of the hairs, the leaf will close very quickly. The insect cannot 16 . Then the plant will eat it. The Venus flytrap gets most of its nutrients (营养) 17 the insects it catches. It also needs water, sunlight and air to 18 . The plant is not easy to grow. It needs a special environment. People are interested in this 19 plant. But it is not a good idea to take it from the wild. We should 20 these amazing plants in nature. 11. A. animal B. plant C. flower D. tree 12. A. catch B. keep C. feed D. find 13. A. one B. two C. three D. four 14. A. slowly B. quickly C. carefully D. loudly 15. A. leaves B. parts C. hairs D. insects 16. A. get up B. get on C. get off D. get out 17. A. from B. with C. to D. for 18. A. die B. live C. play D. move 19. A. boring B. tiring C. amazing D. relaxing 20. A. protect B. pick C. cut D. sell 三、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分） (A) Many people love pandas. They are black and white and look very cute. Pandas are from China. They mainly live in Sichuan Province. They like eating bamboo. Pandas are not only loved by Chinese people, but also popular around the world. Pandas are in danger now. There are not many pandas left in the wild. One reason is that it is difficult for pandas to have babies. Another reason is that the bamboo forests are getting smaller. People are doing many things to help pandas. Some nature reserves (自然保护区) are set up. Scientists are studying pandas to learn more about them and find ways to help them reproduce (繁殖). 21. What color are pandas? A. Black. B. White. C. Black and white. D. Brown. 22. Where do pandas mainly live? A. In Yunnan. B. In Sichuan. C. In Shandong. D. In Hainan. 23. What do pandas like to eat? A. Apples. B. Bananas. C. Bamboo. D. Grass. 24. Why are pandas in danger? A. Because they don't like to eat bamboo. B. Because they are not popular. C. Because it's difficult for them to have babies and the bamboo forests are getting smaller. D. Because people don't like them. 25. What are people doing to help pandas? A. Taking them to the zoo. B. Setting up nature reserves and studying them. C. Feeding them more food. D. Letting them live in the wild. (B) The chameleon (变色龙) is an amazing animal. It can change its color according to the environment (环境). When it is on the green grass, it turns green. When it is on the brown tree, it turns brown. This helps it to hide from its enemies (敌人) and catch food. Chameleons live in warm places, such as Africa, Madagascar and southern Europe. They have long tongues (舌头) and can catch insects quickly. Their eyes can move separately (单独地), which helps them look around without moving their heads. However, chameleons are in trouble now. The forests where they live are disappearing because of people's activities. We should do something to protect them. 26. What can a chameleon do? A. It can fly. B. It can swim. C. It can change its color. D. It can sing. 27. Why does a chameleon change its color? A. To make itself beautiful. B. To show its feelings. C. To hide from enemies and catch food. D. To play with other animals. 28. Where do chameleons live? A. In cold places. B. In warm places. C. In the sea. D. In the desert. 29. What helps chameleons look around without moving their heads? A. Their long tails. B. Their long tongues. C. Their strong legs. D. Their eyes that can move separately. 30. Why are chameleons in trouble? A. Because they can't change their color. B. Because people like to catch them. C. Because the forests where they live are disappearing. D. Because they have no food to eat. 四、语法填空（每题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Plants and animals are important 31 our lives. They are all around us. We get food 32 plants and animals. For example, we eat fruits, vegetables, meat and eggs. Some plants are very 33 (amaze). The sunflower always 34 (face) the sun. It follows the sun's movement during the day. The mimosa (含羞草) is also amazing. When you touch 35 , its leaves will close up. Animals also have many interesting 36 (ability). Dolphins are very smart. They can 37 (communicate) with each other by making sounds. Birds can fly in the sky. They have light bodies and strong 38 (wing). However, many plants and animals are 39 danger now. People cut down too many trees and kill animals for their fur or meat. We should do something 40 (protect) them. 五、书面表达（10分） 请你写一篇短文，介绍一种你最喜欢的动物。内容包括它的外貌、生活习性以及为什么你喜欢它。 要求：1. 语言表达准确，语意通顺、连贯； 2. 词数：70 - 90。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案： 一、单项选择 1 - 5 ABCDC 6 - 10 DBDAC 二、完形填空 11 - 15 BABBC 16 - 20 DABCA 三、阅读理解 21 - 25 CBCCB 26 - 30 CCBDC 四、语法填空 31. in 32. from 33. amazing 34. faces 35. it 36. abilities 37. communicate 38. wings 39. in 40. to protect 五、书面表达 My Favorite Animal My favorite animal is the panda. Pandas are really cute with black and white fur. They have round faces and short tails, and their bodies are fat. Pandas mainly live in bamboo forests in China. They like to eat bamboo. They spend most of their time eating and resting. I like pandas because they are so lovely and peaceful. They are also the national treasures of our country. They are symbols of friendship and peace between China and other countries. I hope we can protect them well so that they can live happily in the wild. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $