Unit 1 分层跟踪检测(1) Starting out&Understanding ideas-【志鸿优化训练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修选择性第一册 (外研版)

Unit 1 分层跟踪检测（一）Startin △级|必备知识基础练 I.单词拼写 1.The (广告)on television caught my eye because of its creative design. 2.They put up posters all round the town advertising the (马戏团)： 3.Do you know the girl with (卷曲 的)long hair? 4.I wrapped a bandage around my (脚踝)to give it some support.. 5.The teacher (检查)the students on the previous lessons to see whether they had understood them 6.The (雇主)was impressed by his dedication and hard work,and offered him a promotion. Ⅱ.单句写作 1.正是因为你的不断支持和鼓励，我才取得了 如此巨大的进步。（强调句型） I have been able to achieve such great progress. 2.她付出的是以前三倍的时间和精力，所以我 相信她这次能成功。（倍数句型） She devoted she did before,so I believe she will succeed this time. 3.我真的希望以上这些建议对你有所帮助。 (强调谓语动词) these suggestions above will be of some help to you. Ⅲ.阅读微写作 Activity1单句写作 1.作为我们生活中不可或缺的元素，幽默旨在 班级 姓名 g out Understanding ideas 带来娱乐和振奋精神。(essential,be designed for,amusement) As in our lives,humour amusement and lifting spirits. 2.当试图让心情不好的人振作起来时，一个好 笑话或幽默故事可以通过娱乐他们来达到 目的。(cheer up,in mood,do the trick, entertain) When trying to who a good joke or a humorous story can 3.正是幽默帮助我们专注于生活的积极方面， 使我们能够以更轻松的心态面对挑战。 (concentrate on,强调句型) helps us enabling us to face challenges with a lighter heart. 4.反过来，积极的态度促进了更和谐的环境， 人们更愿意相互理解和支持。(in turn, “make sb十adj.”作宾语补足语) this positive attitude promotes a more harmonious environment, to understanding and supporting each other. 5.孩子们聚在一起看小丑表演魔术，睁大眼睛 热切地审视每个魔术花招。（spot,clown, examine) Children gather to a magic trick, eagerly magic trick with wide eyes. Activity2选取上面至少4个句子组成一篇 不少于80词的短文（注意使用恰当的衔接词） B级能力素养提升练 V.阅读理解 A Keeping the spirits up NASA has a new job listing,and it's no joke.The US space agency(机构)is looking fora“joker'”to join their planned mission to Mars. A mission to Mars is no laughing matter. On average,the red planet is 140 million miles (225 million kilometers)away from Earth.A trip there would take around eight months in a small spacecraft.And Mars has a communications delay of 20 minutes.This means that astronauts will have to wait 20 minutes for a reply if an emergency happens. "When you're living with others in a confined space for a long period of time,such as on a mission to Mars,problems are likely to occur,"Jeffrey Johnson,a scientist at the University of Florida,told The Guardian. This is probably why NASA wants an astronaut with a sense of humour."These are people that have the ability to pull everyone together,"Johnson said. In stressful situations,perhaps humour is a way to know we aren't alone.By laughing together,we share our stress.Then we can focus on our jobs instead of just worrying. There are other examples of team“clowns'”. One example is the journey to the South Pole led by Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen. It was a difficult journey,full of danger.Adolf Lindstrom,a cook at Amundsen's team,was a “clown'”.He made people laugh through the whole journey.Amundsen later wrote that Lindstrom was the most valuable member of the team. But if you're hoping that your favorite TV comedian will fly to Mars,that probably won't happen. "Being funny won't be enough to land somebody the job,”Johnson said.“They also need to be an excellent scientist and engineer." Besides,they must be in top physical condition. 1.What is in NASA's new job listing? A.A funny engineer.B.A talented clown. C.A good cook.D.A popular comedian. 2.What does“a confined space”refer to in Paragraph 3? A.A crowded space.B.An empty space. C.An open space.D.A small space. 3.How does the author think humour can help astronauts? A.It can stop them from feeling worried. B.It can encourage teamwork on a mission. C.It can help them feel less homesick. D.It can help them know themselves better. 4.What point does the author want to make with the example of the cook? A.What explorers eat on their journey is very important. B.An amateur can play a more important role than a professional. C.Humorous people can cheer people up in difficult situations. D.A mission to Mars is more difficult than a journey to the South Pole. 58 B There are cruel wars,fighting and sadness in the world today,so it's not only necessary, but also essential to have a good sense of humour just to help us get through difficult times in our lives.Putting a smile on someone's face when you know they are feeling depressed, as the saying goes,makes me feel good and warms my heart. How would you feel if you could not joke around with your wife,husband,child,co-worker, neighbor,close friend,or even just someone that you are standing in line with at your corner store?I always say things that make others smile or laugh,even if I don't know the person I'm joking around with.My Grandma always found humour in everything she did,even if it was the hardest job anyone could imagine.This not only relieves stress in any situation,but it is also common courtesy(礼s貌)to speak to others around you. I know a few people who don't have a funny bone in their bodies,as they say.Everyone around them could be rolling on the floor after hearing a great joke and they would sit there without the slightest smile on their face.They don't get the joke that makes others laugh.I am busting a gut while they just sit there, looking at me as if I were from outer space. How can people not get a really funny joke? Laughing is essential to keeping your stress levels under control.Without humour we would find ourselves with a lot of psychological problems,or on a lot of medications to keep us from going crazy.There is too much sadness in this present world.It drives people crazy.We all need to find a way to bypass the sadness and bring a little light into our lives.So,I believe our best medicine is to get together and tell some jokes and have some fun laughing together. 5.What is the author's attitude towards the present world? A.Positive. B.Satisfied. C.Critical. D.Indifferent. 6.How does the author answer the question in the second paragraph? A.With evidence and argument. B.With opinions and persuasion. C.With examples and conclusion. D.With descriptions and analysis. 7.What does the underlined phrase "busting a gut"mean in Paragraph 3? A.Speaking loudly.B.Laughing hard. C.Acting strangely.D.Explaining carefully. 8.What does the author mainly intend to do in writing the passage? A.Talk about his own understanding of humour. B.Introduce a practical way to get through daily life. C.Encourage people to make jokes about serious matters. D.Convince people of the power of being optimistic about life. V.七选五 Healing with Happiness Dr Hunter“Patch'”Adams decided early in his life that he wanted to help make the world better.Many of the patients who have visited his hospital would agree that he has done just that. Adams was born in Washington,D.C., but lived in many parts of the world while growing up.As a child Adams performed well in school.When he grew up,Adams decided to become a doctor.During his medical training he developed his own style of working with patients.1 He was friendly and thought of ways to make them laugh,hoping to make them feel better.Some of Adams's teachers were not pleased with his way of treating patients. These teachers believed that being friends with patients could get in the way of being a good doctor.Adams did not let his teachers'attitude stop him from trying to make patients laugh. One day he dressed in a clown costume.2 After that,Adams continued to wear silly costumes while studying to be a doctor. After he finished medical school,Adams and 20 of his friends opened their own hospital. They named their hospital the Gesundheit Institute..Gesundheit means“health”in the German language.3 Like at all hospitals, the doctors and nurses at Adams's hospital worked to make sick patients well again.But Adams's hospital also provided fun activities for patients.They could garden and fish.4 Adams thought the patients would begin to feel better if they were engaged in things they enjoyed doing. Adams has written books about his style of healing patients.He writes that you don't have to be a doctor to help someone feel better.5 Sometimes letting someone know you care can be the most powerful cure of all. A.His bright clothes and red nose made patients smile. B.They could watch a play or see a dance performance. C.They were also trained to be funny and kind to patients. D.The most important thing anyone can do is visit people who are sick. E.He made sure there was always a friendly smile under that bright red nose. F.When he talked with sick people,he wanted to understand how they were feeling. G.It is also a funny sounding word,which makes it a perfect name for Adams's hospital. Ⅵ.语法填空 (2025河南郑州高二检测) Early this summer,the city of Shenyang (play)host to a major comedy event.The first China (Shenyang) Comedy Film Week,2. was a five-day celebration of humor and film,concluded on the evening of June 11,drawing significant attention to the Northeast region. “By3. (use)comedy films as a medium,we invited famous comedy stars and showcased high-scoring classics 4. (bring)joy to Shenyang and celebrate this festive event,says Deng Song, deputy director of the Publicity Department of the CPC Shenyang Municipal Committee. The event began with song and dance performances,which repeatedly brought the audience to their feet. During the event,eight cinemas in Shenyang 5. _(screen)15 classic comedy films,including Johnny Keep Walking,If You Are the One,and Goodbye Mr Loser.Lin Zhenyu,chief director of the opening and closing ceremonies of the event,says these 15 films were 6._ (careful)selected, featuring early realistic comedies,Golden Rooster Award winners,and recent hits with great 7. (review)and box office success. n8. (add)to movie screenings, the Comedy Film Week offered 9. wide range of activities.Filmmakers visited 50 various cultural and tourist landmarks in the 4.你的观点。 city,interacting closely 10. fans. 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； They explored places like the Shenyang Imperial 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Palace,Zhongjie Street and Xita Food Street. Why We Need Humour in Our Life? I.应用文写作 假定你是李华，请你以“Why We Need Humour in Our Life?”为题，写一篇英语短文， 内容包括： 1.幽默能使人欢笑愉悦，减轻压力； 2.幽默能使人精神饱满，有益于身心健康； 3.幽默能使人忘却烦恼，使生活更美好； 知识积累卡 一、重点单词 三、词块速记 1.emergency n. 1.laughing matter 2.value n. 2.a sense of humour valuable adj. 3.funny bone 3.real adj. >realistic adj. 4.get in the way →reality n. 5.be engaged in 4.understand vt. 四、经典句式背诵 misunderstand ut. This not only relieves stress in any situation, misunderstanding n. but it is also common courtesy(礼貌)to speak 二、熟词生义 to others around you.(not only...but 1.drive 本文义：v. also...) 其他义：v. 句意： 2.open 本文义：o. 其他义：0. 五、长难句分析 Putting a smile on someone's face when you know they are feeling depressed,as the saying goes, 时间状语从句 宾语从句 插入语 makes me feel good and warms my heart. 句意： 答案见P378 161分层 Unit 1 分层跟踪检测（一）Starting out& Understanding ideas I.1.advertisement 2.circus 3.curly 4.ankle 5.examined 6.employer II.1.It is because of your endless support and encouragement that 2.three times as much time and energy as 3.do hope Ⅲ.Activity 1 1.an essential element;is designed for bringing 2.cheer up someone;is in a bad mood;do the trick by entertaining them 3.It is humour that;concentrate on the positive aspects of life 4.In turn;making people more open 5.spot a clown performing;examining each Activity 2 As an essential element in our lives,humour is designed for bringing amusement and lifting spirits.For example,when trying to cheer up someone who is in a bad mood,a good joke or a humorous story can do the trick by entertaining them.Thus,it is humour that helps us concentrate on the positive aspects of life,enabling us to face challenges with a lighter heart.In turn, this positive attitude not only promotes a more harmonious environment,but also makes people more open to understanding and supporting each other. W.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章 主要介绍了美国宇航局正在寻找一名“小丑” —31 年业册 与宇航员一起执行火星任务，这个人不但要有 幽默感，还要是一名优秀的科学家和工程师。 1.A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The US space agency is looking for a‘joker’to join their planned mission to Mars.”可知，美 国宇航局正在寻找一名“小丑”加入他们计划 中的火星任务；再根据最后一段中的“‘Being funny won't be enough to land somebody the job,’Johnson said.‘They also need to be an excellent scientist and engineer.,”可知，这个 “小丑”不但要风趣，还要是一名优秀的科学家 和工程师，也就是说他们的任务是寻找一个风 趣的工程师。故选A项。 2.D词句猜测题。根据画线词后的 “such as on a mission to Mars”可知，在执行火 星任务时，几个宇航员要在航天器里生活很多 天，而航天器里的空间是非常狭小的。此处是 说“当你和别人在一个狭小的空间里生活很长 一段时间，比如执行火星任务时，很可能会出 现问题”。由此可知，画线词指的是“狭小的空 间”。故选D项。 3.B细节理解题。根据第四段中的 "This is probably why NASA wants an astronaut with a sense of humour.'These are people that have the ability to pull everyone together,’Johnson said.”可知，幽默可以在任 务中鼓励团队合作。故选B项。 4.C推理判断题。根据第五段中的“In stressful situations,perhaps humour is a way to know we aren't alone.By laughing together, we share our stress.”可知，在压力大的情况 下，幽默是一种减压的方式；第六段中的第一 8 句话又说有很多团队小丑的例子，紧接着举厨 师的例子就是为了证明这一，点，即幽默的人能 使人在困难的情况下振作起来。故选C项。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主 要讲述了幽默和笑的重要性。 5.C推理判断题。根据第一段中的 "There are cruel wars,fighting and sadness in the world today”可知，作者对当今世界持批评 的态度。故选C项。 6.A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I always say things that make others smile or laugh,even if I don't know the person I'm joking around with.My Grandma always found humour in everything she did,even if it was the hardest job anyone could imagine.This not only relieves stress in any situation,but it is also common courtesy to speak to others around you.”可知，第二段用证据来说明幽默 的好处，因此是通过证据与论证来回答第二段 的问题。故选A项。 7.B词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的 "Everyone around them could be rolling on the floor after hearing a great joke and they would sit there without the slightest smile on their face.They don't get the joke that makes others laugh.”可知，作者听到笑话会笑得很厉害。画 线短语busting a gut的意思是“大笑”。故选 B项。 8.D推理判断题。根据全文，尤其是最 后一段中的“We all need to find a way to bypass the sadness and bring a little light into our lives.So,I believe our best medicine is to get together and tell some jokes and have some fun laughing together.”可知，作者给大家论述 了幽默和笑的重要性，其目的是让人们相信对 3 生活保持乐观的力量。故选D项。 V.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章 主要介绍了Hunter“Patch”Adams医生的个 人经历以及他独特的看病风格。 l.F根据上文“Adams was born in Washington,D.C.,but lived in many parts of the world while growing up.As a child Adams performed well in school.When he grew up, Adams decided to become a doctor.During his medical training he developed his own style of working with patients.”可知，本句应承接上文 说明Adams的个人治病风格是怎样的。F项 “当他和病人谈话时，他想了解他们的感受。” 符合语境。故选℉项。 2.A根据上文“One day he dressed in a clown costume..”以及下文“After that,Adams continued to wear silly costumes while studying to be a doctor.”可知，上文提到了穿上了小丑 的衣服，因此本句是在说明病人看到他这身穿 着之后的反应。A项“他鲜艳的衣服和红色的 鼻子让病人微笑。”符合语境。故选A项。 3.G根据上文“After he finished medical school,Adams and 20 of his friends opened their own hospital.They named their hospital the Gesundheit Institute.Gesundheit means “health”in the German language.”可知，上文 提到了给医院取名为“Gesundheit研究所”， Gesundheit一词可对应到G项中的word。G 项“这也是一个听起来很有趣的词，这使它成 为亚当斯医院的完美名字。”符合语境。故选 G项。 4.B根据上文“But Adams's hospital also provided fun activities for patients.They could garden and fish.”可知，本句继续说明病 人可以在医院做的事情。B项“他们可以看戏 79 剧或舞蹈表演。”符合语境。故选B项。 5.D根据上文“Adams has written books about his style of healing patients.He writes that you don't have to be a doctor to help someone feel better.”以及下文“Sometimes letting someone know you care can be the most powerful cure of all.”可知，本句是在说 明除了当医生之外，你可以让他人感觉更好的 方法。D项“每个人能做的最重要的事情是探 望生病的人。”符合语境。故选D项。 M.【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文 章主要介绍了首届中国（沈阳）喜剧电影周。 1.played考查动词的时态、语态和主谓 一致。根据空前的时间状语Early this summer以及下一句中的主句谓语concluded 可知，此处时态为一般过去时。故填played。. 2.which考查定语从句。此处引导的是 一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为The first China(Shenyang)Comedy Film Week,指物， 关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，因此用关 系代词which。故填which。 3.using考查非谓语动词。此处应用所 给动词的动词-ing形式作介词By的宾语。故 填using。 4.to bring考查非谓语动词。分析句子 结构可知，此处应用所给动词的不定式形式作 目的状语。故填to bring。 5.screened考查动词的时态和语态。根 据时间状语During the event可知，此处时态 为一般过去时，且主语与谓语为主动关系。 screen意为“放映（电影）”。故填screened。. 6.carefully考查副词。此处应用所给形 容词的副词形式carefully作状语来修饰空后 的动词selected。故填carefully。 7.reviews考查名词复数。review作介 -38 词with的宾语，review为可数名词，数量超过 一，此处应用所给名词的复数形式。故填 reviews 8.addition考查名词。in addition to意 为“除了…之外”，为固定短语。故填 addition. g.a考查冠词。a wide range of意为“广 泛的”，为固定短语。故填a。 l0.with考查介词。interact with sb意 为“与某人互动”，为固定搭配。故填with。 VI.Why We Need Humour in Our Life? We badly need humour in our life.There are various reasons. Firstly,it is important for us to set ourselves free from hard work for a while.Humour can help relieve us of such pressure.Secondly, humour can make people laugh and feel happy.It makes us attractive and people will never feel dull together with us.Thirdly,humour can always keep us in high spirits,which will do good to both our mental and physical health. Fourthly,humour makes us laugh at a time when we feel depressed so we can feel more content with our lives. In a word,humour is very important to all of us.Let's fully enjoy humour in our lives. 知识积累卡 一、1.突发事件；紧急情况2.价值；重要 性贵重的；有价值的3.真的现实的现 实4.理解误解；误会误解；误会 二、1.驱使驾驶；开车2.开始营业 打开 三、1.笑料2.幽默感3.麻筋儿4.妨 碍5.忙于；从事于 四、这不仅在任何情况下都能缓解压力， 0 而且与周围的人交谈也是一种常见的礼貌。 五、俗话说，当你知道某人感到沮丧时，让 他们面带微笑会让我感觉良好，温暖我的心。 分层跟踪检测（二）Using language I.1.As 2.whose 3.which 4.who 5.whom II.1.who 2.but 3.where 4.which 5.which 6.While 7.which/that 8.which 9.who/that 10.when Ⅲ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章 主要介绍了牛津大学的研究人员进行的一项 关于捧腹大笑的研究，目的是探索捧腹大笑在 人类社会形成中的影响。 1.D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的 "The purpose of Prof Dunbar's study was not to develop a new treatment.Instead,it was to study the role of laughter in the formation of human societies two million years ago.”可知， Dunbar教授研究的目的是研究捧腹大笑在人 类历史社会形成中的作用。故选D项。 2.C词句猜测题。根据第六段中的“In order to measure endorphin levels,the researchers put a bag of ice on the volunteers'arms to see how long they could withstand it.They found that the greater the increase in pain thresholds, the greater the amount of endorphins produced. 可知，此处是将冰袋放在志愿者的手臂上，以 测试其内啡肽水平。此处的it指代的是ice。 故选C项。 3.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 "The next stage will be to see whether laughing really allows people to keep together and work as a group better and be friendlier towards each other..”可知，接下来将会研究笑 -38 声是不是能让人们团结在一起，更好地为一个 团队工作，以及彼此之间会不会更友好。由此 可知，接下来对笑声进行的研究会有很多。故 选A项。 4.B细节理解题。根据第五段中的 "However,not all comedy programs had such effects,according to Prof Dunbar..”可知，并不 是所有的喜剧节目都能帮助减少我们的痛苦， B项错误。故选B项。 W.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章 主要介绍了如何拥有迷人的个性。 1.F根据上文“Being attractive comes more from your personality than your appearance, and demonstrating an attractive personality is key to having lasting relationships.”可知，拥有 迷人的个性很重要；下文“The following tips help foster your ability to fascinate others." 明有培养吸引人的能力的方法，也就是拥有有 吸引力的个性是可以做到的。F项“事实上，培 养迷人的个性并非遥不可及。”说明培养迷人 的个性是可能的，可引出下文的建议，选项中 的engaging personalities和上文的attractive personality相呼应，因此F项符合语境。故选 F项。 2.C根据下文“It is a great ice-breaker or stress reliever,but don't ruin a serious conversation with inappropriate jokes..”可知， 下文的例子告诉我们幽默感很重要，但也要分 时间和地，点，不要用不恰当的笑话破坏严肃的 对话。C项“记住，幽默是有时间和地点的。”说 明了幽默也要注意时间和地，点，承上启下，符 合语境。故选C项。 3.D根据下文“For instance,if you don't like your friends'shirt,respond with,'I really like you in blue instead,’rather than,‘I hate