2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册全文课文填空和译文

该高中英语选择性必修一单元学案涵盖“人物成就”“科技未来”“自然公园”“肢体语言”“农业发展”五大主题，整合阅读、语法、写作模块设计学习任务单，通过“输入-内化-输出”递进式任务构建连贯学习路径，引导学生从语言知识积累逐步过渡到综合运用能力提升。 亮点在于主题驱动的深度探究设计，如Unit 1分析屠呦呦传记培养文化意识，Unit 2“Should We Fight New Technology”辩论任务提升思维品质，Unit 4肢体语言跨文化对比活动发展语言能力。资料包含语法填空、翻译练习等针对性训练，为学生单元复习提供系统支持，也为教师实施大单元教学提供清晰指导框架。

Unit 1 People Of Achievement Reading and thinking TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE 6 October 2015 This year’s Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner),   1   research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria. Artemisinin has saved hundreds of thousands of lives, and has led to improved health for millions of people. Over 200 million people around the world get malaria each year, and about 600,000 die from it. Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought   2   (save) 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone. Tu Youyou,   3   committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955. After she graduated, she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers   4   (choose). In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria   5   (patient). In 1969, she became the head of the project in Beijing, and decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find   6   (tradition) botanical treatments for the disease. Her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts, and evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical properties. From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight   7   malaria. One medical text from the fourth century suggested using the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. Tub’s team tested a collection of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect. They then tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria, but this did not work either. Their project got stuck. However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. She analysed the medical texts again, and by chance, she found one sentence   8   (suggest) a different way to treat the wormwood. She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties. Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract, she found a substance that worked. After failing more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded in 1971. Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on   9   (they) to make sure that it was safe. Later, the medicine   10   (test) on malaria patients, most of   11   recovered. This medicine, which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria. According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. Upon   12   (hear) that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honor is not just mine. There is a team behind me,   13   all the people of my country. This success   14   (prove) the great value of traditional Chinese medicine. It is indeed an honor for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to   15   (spread) around the world.” 屠呦呦荣获诺贝尔奖 2015年10月6日 本年度的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖已授予屠呦呦(得主之一), 她的研究使青蒿素这种至关重要的新型抗疟疾药物得以发现。青蒿素挽救了成千上万人的生命，改善了很多人的健康状况。全世界每年有2亿多人感染疟疾，其中约60万人死于该种疾病。青蒿素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分，据估计每年仅在非洲就挽救了10万人的性命。 屠呦呦，这位尽职尽责、锲而不舍的科学家1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波，1955年毕业于北京大学医学院(曾更名为北京医学院)。毕业后，她就职于北京的中国中医研究院。1967年，中国政府成立了一支科学家团队，旨在发现新型抗疟疾疗法，屠呦呦人选首批研究人员。起初，屠呦呦奔赴疟疾更为常见的海南研究疟疾患者。1969年，她在北京成了该项目的负责人，并决定从中医药古方中寻找应对疟疾的传统植物疗法。她的团队研读了2000多篇(个)中医药古籍(古方)，评估了28万种植物的药学属性。通过研究，他们发现并测试了380种不同的有望战胜疟疾的古代中医疗法。 一本四世纪的医学文献建议采用青蒿提取物治疗发烧。屠呦呦的团队测试了一组干青蒿叶，但是发现无效。之后，他们尝试水煎新鲜青蒿叶，用熬出的液体治疗疟疾，但是依旧无效。他们的项目陷人了僵局。然而，屠呦呦并不认输。她再次分析医学文献，碰巧发现其中有一句话建议采用一种不同的方法处理青蒿。她得出结论，认为水煎青蒿显然破坏了它的药学属性。通过使用更低的温度萃取提取物后，她发现了种有效物质。经历了190多次的失败之后，团队终于在1971年获得了成功。屠呦呦与团队成员甚至坚持以身试药，以确保药物的安全性。随后，该药物试用于疟疾患者，其中大多数人康复了。这种被称为青萬素的药物很快就成为治疗疟疾的标准疗法。 据屠呦呦所说，青蒿素的发现是团队共同努力的结果。获悉自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说:“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我。我的身后是一个团队以及全国人民。这项成功印证了传统中医药的巨大价值。中国的科学研究和中医药得以在全世界传播确实是一个荣誉。” Using language THE MAN WHO CHANGED OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE UNIVERSE Albert Einstein, who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics,is often considered one of the smartest 1. (man) who ever lived. He made numerous contributions to the world, the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E = m c² .Einstein was not only a genius; he was a courageous and kind figure 2. (love) by many people. This gentle genius was born in Germany on 14 March 1879.When he was 16, he tried to enter university in Switzerland, but failed due 3. his low scores in the general part of the entrance exam, despite 4. (obtain) exceptional scores in maths and physics.After 5. (study) for another year, he managed to pass the exam,6. (enter) university in 1896 and graduating in 1900. After two years of looking for work 7. a teacher,Einstein took a job as a clerk in the Swiss patent office. While working there, out of a strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. That same year, 8. was later recorded as a miracle year in science, he published four extraordinary physics papers. Following this,he gradually became famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton.After four years, he was able to quit his job at the patent office and enter research full-time at a university. In 1922, he 9. (award) the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. Circumstances changed in 1933, when Hitler came to power in Germany. Einstein, who was Jewish, found the doors of academic institutions 10. (close) to him. As a consequence,he had to flee Germany.After spending time in Europe, he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA. Following that, he continued to make great 11. (achieve) in physics and mathematics. To the public, he was seen as a slightly odd-looking 12. kind and funny man. He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock. Although he was a genius, he sometimes forgot things,like his friends' birthdays. But despite his peculiarities, he was loved by his friends and neighbours. There is even a story about how he helped a little girl who knocked on his door and asked for help with her homework. In fact, Einstein often encountered people on the street who would stop him and ask him to help explain things. After many such occasions, he finally started saying,”Pardon me! Sorry! Always I am mistaken for professor Einstein!” On 18 April 1955, it was 13. (report) that Einstein had passed away, and the whole world mourned the great 14. (lose) of a brilliant scientist. 改变我们对宇宙认知的人 阿尔伯特.爱因斯坦一这位或许是现代物理学领域最伟大的科学家一被公认是有史以来智商最高的人之一。他为世界作出了无数的贡献，最为出名的当数广义相对论和著名的方程式E=mc2。爱因斯坦不仅是一位天才，而且是一位广受爱戴的勇敢、善良的人。 1879年3月14日，这位性情温和的天才出生于德国。16岁时，他报考瑞士的大学，尽管人学考试中的数学和物理成绩十分优异，但是因为通识部分的成绩低而未被录取。再学习了一年后，他终于通过了考试，于1896年进人大学，1900年毕业。 寻找教师的工作岗位两年无果后，他在瑞士专利局觅得-份职员的工作。工作期间，出于强烈的求知欲，他仍继续学习，于1905年获得物理学博士学位。同年---这一年后来被称为科学上的奇迹年---他发表了四篇非同寻常的物理学论文。此后，他渐渐闻名于世，被誉为第二个艾萨克·牛顿。四年后，他辞去了专利局的工作，进人一所大学做全职研究。1922年，他因解释光电效应而荣获1921年度的诺贝尔物理学奖。 1933年，希特勒在德国上台，形势发生了变化。身为犹太人的爱因斯坦发现学术机构纷纷对他关上大门。因此，他不得不逃离德国。在欧洲度过一段时间后，他终于在美国普林斯顿高等研究院谋得研究员一职。此后，他继续在物理学和数学领域获得重大成就。 在大众眼中，爱因斯坦是一个外表有点古怪但生性善良、风趣幽默的人。他胡须浓密，头发又长又白，有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。虽然他是个天才，但他有时也会忘记-一些事情，如朋友的生日。尽管怪癖不少，他仍然颇受朋友和邻居的喜爱。甚至有一件轶事，说的是他如何为一名上门求助的小女孩讲解家庭作业。事实上，爱因斯坦经常遇到有人当街拦住他，请他解释各种事物。这样的情形多次发生之后，他最后只好开始说:“请原谅!抱歉!我老是被误认为是爱因斯坦教授! 1955年4月18日，噩耗传来，爱因斯坦与世长辞，全世界都哀悼一代科学巨星的陨落。 新人教选择性必修一Unit 2 Looking Into the Future Reading and Thinking SMART HOMES TO MAKE LIFE EASIER Have you ever forgotten to lock the door of your house? Or, have you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer? These kinds of things happen to us all the time, waste resources, ________ can sometimes lead to problems. However, in the not-too-distant future, we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us ________ we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget. These smart homes will keep us secure, save us energy, and provide a ________(comfort)environment to live in. Intelligent Controls Today, we have to use ________(switch) for our lights, knobs for our __________(appliance), and remote controls for our TVs and air conditioners. In the future, we will be using ________(advance) technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home. The future home will use ________(integrate) sensors to tell when you leave home each morning, and then go into an energy-efficient mode all by ________(it). You will no longer have to think about turning switches on and off ________(you). Your home will also learn your daily routine and ________ (preference), so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening. Your lights will come on ________ instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already ________ (prepare) for you. All controls will respond to voice ________ (command), so if you want to change your routine, you just say aloud ________ you want and the home system will obey. Regular Health Checks In addition, your smart home ________ (monitor) your health for you every day. Your bed, for example, will record________ well you sleep every night. It will also be checking your body weight. If you start to have sleep or weight problems, it will send ________ warning to your phone. It will also give you suggestions________a healthier diet and how to sleep better. Smart toilets will be keeping constant track of your health as well. They can warn you early on if there is something abnormal ________ if you have a critical illness, such as cancer, and potentially save your life. No More Disasters Smart homes will be able to prevent serious damage ________ accidents. For example, if a water pipe starts leaking, or if there is ________ short in the electrical wiring, your smart home will detect it and provide you ________ the relevant information. This way, you will be able to fix the problem ________ your home becomes flooded or catches fire. This smart technology is not a fantasy. Many of these new innovations are already available and being used in some homes. ________ this sense, the home of tomorrow is already the home of today. Nevertheless, it will take some years ________ most new homes begin to use this new technology. 智能的家让生活更加便利 你忘记过锁家门吗?或是你忘记过关掉电视或电脑吗?诸如此类的事情经常发生在我们身上，浪费资源，有时还会引发问题。然而在不久的将来，我们将生活在智能的家里。智能的家会在我们外出时锁好家门，会在我们忘记关掉电视的时候替我们关上。这样的智能家居将保障我们的安全，节省我们的能源，为我们提供一个更为舒适的居住环境。 智能控制 今天，我们必须使用开关来控制我们的电灯，使用旋钮来控制我们的家用电器，使用遥控器来控制我们的电视机和空调。未来，我们每天都能使用先进的技术来自动控制家里几乎所有的东西。未来的住宅将使用集成传感器来感应你每天早晨何时出门，然后自动进人节能模式。你再也不用想着自己打开或关闭各种开关。你的住宅还能了解你的日程安排和喜好，所以每天晚上你回到家时，一切都已经准备就绪。在你步人家门的一刹那，灯光亮起，你最喜爱的音乐或电视节目随即开启，而且你会发现晚餐也已备好。所有的控制器都将响应语音指令，因此如果你想要改变日程安排，你只需大声说出你的想法，家居系统就会照办。 定期健康检查 此外，你的智能家居每天都会监测你的健康状况。例如，你的床铺会记录你每晚的睡眠状况，还能检测你的体重。如果你开始有睡眠或体重问题，它会将警告发到你的手机上。此外，就如何实现更加健康的饮食和更好的睡眠，它还会给予你建议智能马桶也会持续跟踪你的健康状况。如果发现异常情况，或是你得了癌症等重大疾病，智能马桶会提前警告你，并有可能挽救你的生命。 不再有事故 智能家居将能够防止事故造成严重损害。例如，如果水管漏水或者发生电线短路，你的智能家居会检测出来，并给你提供相关的信息。这样一来，你就能够在家里水流满地或着火前及时解决问题。 这种智能技术不是幻想。这些新近的革新中有许多已经唾手可得，并且正在一些住宅中使用。从这个意义上说，明日之家已经是今日之家。然而，还需要过些年大多数新住宅才会开始使用这种新技术。 Using Language (P20) Should We Fight New Technology This morning, I saw the ________(shock) headline: “Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”. In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars. They said that some advances in technology were unnecessary and could even be dangerous. Hence, we should cease ________(accept) technology just because it is new. The newspaper reported that the car company had already apologised ________ the accident, but the families of ________ deceased said it was not enough. Nevertheless, the company still claimed that most people would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the ________ (absent) of new technology. Probably the most well known are the Amish, a group of Christians ________(live) in rural America. They do not own or drive cars, watch TV, or use the Internet. They ________(live) mainly as farmers since the 18th century, and they will probably be living ________ same way in the distant future. They advocate a simple life with ________ emphasis on hard work, family, and community. They think that is better than caring ________ luxuries or following the lives of the rich and famous. ________ could even be argued that the Amish's quality of life is better ________ they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large, ________ (pollute) cities. On the other hand, new technology ________(provide) people everywhere with many benefits over the years. For example, the ________(late) weather-tracking computer programmes give people lots of warnings about potential natural disasters, which saves many lives. Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family________(keep) in touch easily even if they are ________ opposite sides of the world. It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier, as it allows people to make ________ (large)networks of friends through using social media. Personally, I have benefited quite a lot from ________ (technology) advances. I found my career as an Al designer through a social media network. My health monitor, ________ I wear all the time, has also helped me get ________ the best shape of my life. Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a ________ (scare) prospect. Nevertheless, I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it. 我们应该抗拒新技术吗? 今天早晨，我看到了这条令人震惊的新闻标题:“乘客死于无人驾驶模式下汽车的撞车事故”。在这篇报道中，多位人士表示公众应该反对发展无人驾驶汽车这一想法。他们说，有些技术进步是不必要的，甚至可能造成危险。所以，我们应停止仅仅因为技术是新的就接受它。该报称汽车公司已经为此次事故道歉，但是死者家属表示这还不够。然而，该公司仍然声称，不久的将来，大多数人都会乘坐无人驾驶汽车出行。 一方面，世界上有许多不同群体的人，在没有新技术的情况下依然过着幸福的生活。也许最广为人知的要数阿曼门诺派一生活 在美国乡村的一个基督教群体。他们既不拥有汽车，也不开车;不看电视，也不使用互联网。自十八世纪以来，他们基本上过着农夫的生活，而且在遥远的将来，他们的生活方式可能依然如此。他们提倡简朴的生活，强调实干、家庭和社区。他们认为，这样的生活要好过关注奢侈品或追随富人和名人的生活。甚至有人认为，阿曼门诺派的生活质量更高，因为他们生活在自然的环境中，怡然自得，而不是生活在污染严重的大城市里。 另一方面，多年来，新技术给世界各地的人们带来了种种好处。例如，最新的追踪天气的计算机程序为人们提供潜在自然灾害的种种预警，挽救了许多生命。此外，互联网使朋友和家人即使天各一方也能轻松保持联系。互联网还使人们在生活中更加容易找到机会，因为它让人们能够通过社交媒体建立更大的朋友圈。 就个人而言，技术进步让我受益匪浅。我通过一个社交网络找到了现在从事的人工智能设计师的职业。我一直随身佩戴的健康监护仪也帮助我达到了生活中的最佳状态。当然，当新技术改变我们的生活方式时，它可能会产生出一个让人担惊受怕的前景。然而，我将始终着眼于变革的积极一面，接受变革，而不是抗拒变革。 Unit 3 Fascinating Parks Reading and thinking Sarek National Park ———Europe’s hidden natural treasure 1 A Summer Where the Sun Never Sleeps I wake up 1.__________ the sound of the wind buffeting the cloth of my tent. Even though the sun is 2.___________(bright) shining, telling 3._____________ it is morning or night is impossible. I’m above the Arctic Circle, 4.____________ in summer the sun never sets. 5.____________(check) my watch, I see that it is 7:30 a.m. I leave my tent and walk over to the mountain edge. Spreading out before me, 6.____________(branch) of the Rapa River flow through the valley below. I’m in the remote far north of Sweden in Sarek National Park, a place with no roads or towns. 2 A Land of Mountain and Ice Sarek’s mountains used to 7.______________(cover) by vast sheets of ice. Around 9,000 years ago, this ice melted, 8.____________(leave) behind about 100 glaciers. Soon after, reindeer began to arrive. Following the reindeer 9. ____________(be) the Sami people, who made this territory their home. Getting here is quite difficult, so apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek. In 1909, Sarek 10. ____________ (make) a national park in order to keep the land in its 11. ____________(nature) state. Though the Sami 12._____________(allow) to continue their traditional way of life in the park, no one else can live here, and all new development 13. ____________( ban) within park boundaries. At the far side of the valley, an ancient Sami cottage is 14. _____________(vision). Close by, there are a few reindeer feeding on grass. 3 Man at Peace with Nature For hundreds of years, 1.___________(look) after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami. They used the reindeer’s meat for food, their bones for tools, and their skin for making clothes and tents. Since reindeer were always 2. __________ the move, the Sami would pick up their tents and accompany them. Today, most Sami have houses in villages near Sarek and live a modern life just like their neighbours. But every spring, a small number of Sami still follow their reindeer into the valleys of Sarek, living in tents or old cottages and enjoying their traditions. I am not a Sami, but in Sarek I’ve adopted some of their habits. For example, this morning my breakfast is flat bread 3.___________(warm) over a fire, dried reindeer meat, and some sweet and sour berries that I found 4.____________(grow) near my tent. 4 A Land of Adventure After breakfast, I pack my bag and set out again. Since I must carry all of my food and supplies with me, my bag 5.__________(weigh) about 30 kilograms. If today is anything like yesterday, it will be full of sweat and hard work as I hike over this difficult land to my destination on the other side of the valley. However, I cannot complain. Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel 6.___________(bless) to be alive. Here I am, alone under this broad sky, 7.______________(breathe) the fresh air, and enjoying this great adventure. What could be 8.____________(good)? 萨勒克国家公园 ----欧洲隐秘的自然瑰宝 风噼里啪啦地拍打着我的帐篷的布，我在这声响中醒来。尽管外面艳阳高照，我也分不清是早上还是夜晚。我身处北极圈之内，这里的夏天没有日落。我看了下手表，现在是上午7点30分。我迈出帐篷，走向山边，展现在我眼前的是拉帕河的支流在下边的山谷中逶迤而过。我身处瑞典北端偏远的萨勒克国家公园，一个既没有公路也没有城镇的地方。 萨勒克的山脉过去被大片冰层覆盖。大约九千年前，冰层消融，留下了约一百座冰川。不久之后，驯鹿开始出现。跟着驯鹿之后来的是萨米人，他们在这片土地上安家落户。这里交通极为不便，因此，除了萨米人，很少有人见过萨勒克。1909年，萨勒克被辟为国家公园，以保持这片土地的自然状态。只有萨米人可以在园内继续其传统生活方式，其他人不能在此居住，而且公园边界内禁止一切开发活动。在山谷的另边，可以看到一间古老的萨米人的小屋，旁边有几只驯鹿正在吃草。 几百年来，照料驯鹿是萨米人的一种生活方式。他们用驯鹿的肉制作食物，用其骨头制作工具，并用其皮毛制作衣服和帐篷。由于驯鹿不断迁移，萨米人会收起帐篷，跟随而去。如今，大多数萨米人在萨勒克附近的村庄里都有自己的房屋，过着与他们的邻居一样的生活。但是每年春天，少数萨米人仍会跟随驯鹿进人萨勒克的山谷，居住在帐篷或旧屋里，享受他们的传统。我不是萨米人，但是在萨勒克，我养成了萨米人的一-些生活习惯。例如，今天早晨，我的早餐是火堆上烤热的大饼、驯鹿肉干以及在帐篷周围长的一些酸甜莓果。 早餐之后，我收拾行囊再次出发。由于我必须带上所有的食物和用品，我的背包重约30千克。如果今天和昨天差不多，那将会充满汗水和艰辛，因为我要徒步跨越这片地形艰险的土地，到达山谷另一端的目的地。然而，我没有怨言。置身这般美丽的荒原，我感到活着是如此幸福。苍穹之下，我独自一人，呼吸着新鲜的空气，享受着这场伟大的冒险。还有什么比这更好的呢? Using language: THEME PARKS --- FUN AND MORE THAN FUN Which theme park would you like to visit? There are 1. _____________(vary) kinds of theme parks, with different parks for almost everything: food, culture, science, cartoons, movies, history, and so on. Some parks are famous for having the biggest or longest roller coasters, others 2. _______showing famous sights and sounds. Whichever and whatever you like, there is an incredible theme park that will appeal to you! The theme park you are probably most familiar 3. ________ is Disneyland, which can be found in several parts of the world. Disneyland will bring you into a magical world and make your childhood dreams come true. Travelling through space, visiting a pirate ship, 4.__________ meeting an 5. ___________(adore) fairytale or cartoon character are all possible at Disneyland. As you wander around the fantasy amusement park, you may see Snow White or Mickey Mouse in a parade or even on the street. Of course, Disneyland also has many 6. ___________(excite) rides to amuse you, 7.__________enormous swinging ships to scary free-fall drops. If you want to have fun and more than fun, come to Disneyland! Dollywood, in the beautiful Smoky Mountains in the southeastern USA, is unique because it shows and celebrates America’s traditional southeastern culture. Famous country music groups put on performances there all year round, indoors and outdoors. People come from all over America 8. ___________(see) skilled workers make wood, glass, and iron objects 9. ___________the old-fashioned way. Visiting the candy shop and trying some of the same kind of candy 10. _________American southerners made 150 years ago is a rare experience. Riding on the only steam engine still 11. __________(work) in the southeastern United States is a special treat. And for those who like rides, Dollywood has a superb old wooden roller coaster, Thunder head. It is world-famous for having the longest track in the smallest space. Come to Dollywood to have fun 12. ___________(learn) all about America’s historical southeastern culture! Chimelong Ocean Kingdom in Zhuhai, China, is one of the leading ocean-themed 13. ___________(park) in the world. Here you can walk under the Whale Shark Aquarium—the world’s largest—and see up to 20, 000 fish, in addition to a whale shark 68 metres in length. Watching the dolphin and sea lion shows is both 14.____________(education) and fun. Of course, you can also see all kinds of interesting animals, including polar bears. The park has more rides than you can imagine: join a water fight against pirates, get 15.__________(turn) upside down by an exciting roller coaster, or get wet in one of the water rides! Then at night, see the splendid Journey of Lights Parade and fireworks display. Hungry? The park has plenty of restaurants with tasty food for every appetite—you can even eat while 16. __________(watch) the fish swim by. If it is ocean entertainment that you are looking for, come to Chimelong Ocean Kingdom! 主题公园 ----好玩，不仅仅是好玩 你想去哪家主题公园?主题公园种类繁多，应有尽有: 美食、文化、科学、卡遇、电影、历史等等。有些主题公园因拥有最大或最长的过山车而闻名，另一些则因展示著名的声色景象而厂为入知。无论你喜欢哪-个，无论你喜欢什么，总有一个奇妙无比的主题公园会让你流连忘这! 你最熟悉的主题公园很可能就是迪土尼乐园了，世界上好几个地方都有迪土尼乐园。迪上尼乐园会带你进人一个魔幻世界，让你儿时的梦想成真。无论是遨游太空、参观海 盗船，还是邂逅可爱的童话或卡通人物，在迪士尼乐园都能实现。漫步于奇幻的迪土尼乐园里，你可能会看到白雪公主或米老鼠出现在游行队伍中甚至在大街上。当然，迪士尼还有很多十分刺激的游乐项目，如巨天的秋千船和恐怖的跳楼机。如果你想要的是好玩，而且不仅仅是好玩而已，那就来迪土尼乐园吧!多莉山主题公园位于美国东南部风光秀丽的大烟雾山中，是一家独一无的主题公园，展示和庆祝的是美国东南部的传统文化。著名的乡村音乐团体年四季都在这里演出，有室内的，也有室外的。全美各地的游客前来观看能工巧匠以古老的方法制作木头、玻璃和铁器物品。去糖果店品尝150年前美国南方人制作的那种糖果，也是难得的一次体验。乘坐美国东南部唯-辆至今仍在运转的蒸汽火车，也别有一番趣味。对于那些喜欢游乐项目的人来说，多莉山拥有超酷的木制老式过山车一雷暴云砧;这是世界上场地最小但轨道最长的过山车，全球闻名。来多莉山游玩吧，了解美国东南部历史文化的一切! 位于中国珠海的长隆海洋王国是世界领先的海洋主题公园之一。在这里，你可以漫步于全球最大的鲸鲨水族馆;除了一条长达68米的鲸鲨(雕塑)，你还可以观赏两万条之多的各种鱼类。观看海豚和海狮表演，既可以长知识，又十分好玩。当然，你还可以看到各种各样有趣的动物，包括北极熊。公园内的游乐项目比你想象的还要多:参加水战，与海盗搏斗;乘坐刺激的过山车，让你的头脚颠倒;或者在一个水上项目中玩个浑身湿透!夜晚时分，你可以观赏到绚烂的灯火游行和烟花表演。肚子饿了?游乐园内设有许多餐馆，有满足不同口味的美食一你甚至可以边吃东西边观看鱼儿游过。如果你想要的是海洋类娱乐，那就来长隆海洋王国吧! 选必一Unit 4 Body Language Reading and thinking LISTENING TO HOW BODIES TALK We use both words and body language _____________ (express) our thoughts and opinions in our interactions with other people（翻译）________________________. We can learn a lot about __________ people are thinking by watching their body language. Words are important, but the way people stand, hold their arms, and move their hands can also give us information about their feelings. Just like ___________(speak) language, body language varies from culture to culture（翻译）________________________. The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to（翻译）____________ the culture you are in. For example, making eye contact（翻译）__________—looking into someone’s eyes—in some countries is a way to display interest（翻译）___________. In other countries, by contrast（翻译）______________, eye contact is not always approved of. For example, in many Middle Eastern countries, men and women are not socially permitted（翻译）__________________ to make eye contact. In Japan, it may demonstrate respect（翻译）______________ to look down when talking to an older person. The gesture for “OK” has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture（翻译）______________ might think it means money. In France, a person encountering an identical gesture（翻译）_________________ may interpret it as（翻译）______________ meaning zero. However, you should avoid making this gesture（翻译）______________ in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite. Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” differ around the world. In many countries, shaking one’s head means “no”, and nodding means“yes”. By comparison, in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures have the opposite meaning（翻译）______________ . There are also differences in how we touch each other, how close we stand to someone we are talking to, and how we act when we meet or part. In countries _______ France and Russia, people may kiss their friends on the cheek when they meet. Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands（翻译）________ , bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when they meet someone else. Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere. Placing your hands together and resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes means “sleep”. A good way of saying “I am full” is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal. Some body language has many different uses. Perhaps the best example is smiling. A smile can help us get through（翻译）______________ difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers. A smile can break down barriers（翻译）______________. We can use a smile to apologise, to greet someone, to ask for help, or to start a conversation. Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger. And if we are feeling down or________(lone), there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend. 听听肢体是怎么说话的 在与他人的交往中，我们用话语和肢体语言来表达自己的思想和观点。通过观察人们的肢体语言，我们可以洞察他们的想法。话语十分重要，但是人们站立、双手抱臂和移动双手的姿势，也能为我们提供有关他们情感的信息。 不同的文化有着不同的肢体语言，这与口头语言相似。使用肢体语言时，最重要的是要符合你所处的文化。例如，在此国家，眼神交流(即直视某人的眼睛)是表示兴趣的种方式。相反，在另一些国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可。例如，在许多中东国家，社交上不允许男性和女性进行眼神交流。在日本，与年长者交谈时，目光下垂表示敬重。 “OK"这个手势在不同的文化中有着不同的含义。在日本，一个人看到另外一个人使用这一手势，可能会认为这表示金钱。在法国，看到同一个手势的人可能会将其解读为”。然而，在巴西和德国，你应该避免作出这一手势，因为这是一个被视为不礼貌的手势。 即便是用于表示肯定和否定的身势语，在世界各地也不尽相同。在许多国家，摇头表示否定，点头表示肯定。相比之下，在保加利亚和阿尔巴尼亚南部地区，这两个身势语的含义截然相反。在身体接触方式、站着交谈时双方的距离、见面和告别的动作方面，也有很多差异。在法国、俄罗斯等国，朋友见面时会相互亲吻脸颊。在其他地区，与别人见面时，人们更喜欢握手、鞠躬或点头。 有些手势似乎在任何地方含义都相同。双手合十放在头部的一一侧，同时闭上你的眼睛，意为“睡觉”。表示“我吃饱了”的一个好方式，就是在饭后用手在肚子上画圈。 某些肢体语言有着许多不同的用处。也许最佳的例子就是微笑了。微笑可以帮助我们摆脱困境，在陌生的世界里找到朋友。微笑可以打破隔阂。我们可以用微笑来道歉、问候他人、寻求帮助或主动攀谈。专家建议，我们应该对着镜子微笑，让自己感到更加快乐和坚强。当我们感到沮丧或孤单时，最美好的事情莫过于看到好友的笑脸。 Using language HOW DO I KNOW MY STUDENTS? As an _________(educate), people often ask me how I know ______ is going on in the minds of my students. Many students are quite shy and don’t speak all that much. At the same time, in a classroom of more than forty students, it is hard to have many one-on-one conversations with each person. So, how can I really know what makes each student tick（翻译）______________? My answer? I look at their body language. It is easy to recognise when students are interested in a lesson. Most tend to look up and make eye contact（翻译）_____________________. When I make a joke, they smile. When I talk about something difficult, they look _________(confuse). I know when students are really interested, however, because they lean forward（翻译）________ and look at me. People have a tendency to lean towards（翻译）________________ whatever they are interested in. So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch, it implies（翻译）______ he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end. If two friends are leaning their heads together, they are probably writing notes to each other. Of course, not everyone _____ looks up is paying attention in class. Some students look up, but there is an absence of eye contact（翻译）______________. Their eyes barely move, and they always have the same distant expression（翻译）____________ on their faces. It is as though they are _______(sleep) with their eyes open. Some students are amused by something else. They spend all their time looking anywhere but at me. Then again, some students’ favourite activity is daydreaming. With their chins on their hands, they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling. They are certainly interested in something, but who knows what. The main thing is reminding distracted students（翻译）____________ that they need to pay attention in class. While it is easy to perceive（翻译）______ when students are interested, bored, or distracted, it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled. Students who are angry, afraid, or experiencing anxiety may have their arms crossed in front of their chests（翻译）___________ and their legs closed or crossed, like they are guarding their bodies. Students who are sad or worried will nearly always wear a frown（翻译）_____. They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed（翻译）______________. Some students act this way merely because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher. However, if a student does not bother to brush her hair（翻译）___________ and her eyes are red from weeping, then I can infer that there are deeper issues at work. It could be that she is having serious conflicts（翻译）_____ with other students or at home. Whatever it is, I know I need to inquire and assess what is going on（翻译）_________________. Ultimately（翻译）______, my duty is helping every student to learn. Their body language lets me know when to adjust（翻译）_______ class activities, when to intervene（翻译）_______, and when to talk to students individually（翻译）________, so they can all get the most out of school. Reacting to body language is an important component（翻译）____________ of being a teacher. 我是如何了解我的学生的? 作为一名教育工作者，人们经常问我，我是怎么知道学生的脑子里在想什么的。许多学生生性腼腆，沉默寡言。同时，班上的学生有四十多人，想与每位学生一对一一谈话不是那么容易。那么，我是如何搞清楚每个学生为何会这样(或那样)的呢? 想知道我的答案吗?我观察他们的肢体语言。 学生对一堂课感兴趣时，很容易就可以看出来。大部分学生会抬头看，并且有眼神交流。我开玩笑时，他们露出笑容。我讲到难点时，他们一脸茫然。然而，学生兴趣盎然时，我也看得出来，因为他们会身体前倾，注视着我。人们在对某个事物感兴趣时，往往会身体前倾。所以，如果一名学生低头看手表，这就表明他觉得无聊，数着时间，只盼早点下课。如果两个好朋友把头靠在一起，那么他们很可能是在互相写纸条。当然，不是所有抬着头的学生都是在认真听课。有些学生虽然抬着头，却没有眼神交流。他们的眼睛几乎不动，脸上表情疏远呆滞，好像睁着眼睛在睡觉。 有些学生在自娱自乐。整节课他们始终盯者别的东西，没看我眼。此外，有些学生最喜欢的活动就是做白日梦。他们托着下巴，全神贯注地盯着窗外或天花板。一定是什么东西吸引了他们的注意力，但是谁也不知道到底是什么。重要的是提醒走神的学生专心听讲。 尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感火趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的，但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。愤怒、害怕或焦虑的学生会双臂交叉放在胸前，双腿并拢或交叉，像是在保护自己的身体。伤心或优虑的学生几平总是皱着眉头，也会双手捂脸，一副尴尬或居馆的样子。有些学生这副模样，只是因为他们害怕老师提问。但是，要是学生都懒得机头，并且两眼因哭泣而发红，那么我能够推断她遇到了更严重的问题。极有可能她与同学或家人发生了很大的冲突。不管是什么，我知道我必须去探个究竟，搞明白发生了什么事情。 最后，我的职责是帮助每一位学生学习。他们的肢体语言让我知道该何时调整课堂活动、何时干预、何时与学生单独谈话，从而让他们在校收获最大。对肢体语言作出反应是教师职责的重要组成部分。 选必一Unit 5 Working the Land Reading and thinking A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE Yuan Longping, __________ (know) as the “father of hybridrice”, is one of China’s most famous ___________ (scientist). Yet, he considers ________ (he) a farmer because he continually works the land in his research. Indeed, his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to _______ he has devoted his life. Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing. His parents wanted him to pursue a career（翻译）____________ in science or medicine. However, _________ concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests（翻译）___________ and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food（翻译）____________ to eat. To tackle this crisis（翻译）______________, he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing. After graduating in 1953, he worked as a researcher. Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution. Instead, farmers needed to boost yields（翻译）____________ in the fields they had. _________ this could be done was a challenging question（翻译）________________ at the time. Yuan was convinced that（翻译）___________ the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. A hybrid is a cross between two or more varieties of a species. One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops（翻译）_______________________. However, _________ it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate（翻译）________________. The common assumption then was that it could not be done. Through intense effort（翻译）_____________, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties（翻译）__________________ to develop the first hybrid rice ______ could be used for farming in 1974. This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output greatly（翻译）____________________. Today, it is estimated that（翻译）_________ about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption（翻译）______________ in China is comprised of（翻译）___________ crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains（翻译）_______, and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year. Yuan’s innovation has helped feed not just China, but many other countries that depend on rice as well, such as India and Vietnam. Because of his invaluable contributions（翻译）_____________, Yuan Longping has received numerous awards（翻译）______________ both in China and abroad. Given that（翻译）_______ Yuan’s hybrids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of leisure（翻译）___________. However, this is far from the case（翻译）____________________. Deep down（翻译）________, Yuan is still very much a farmer at heart. As a man of the soil, he cares little for celebrity or money（翻译）_______________. Instead, he makes large donations to support agricultural research. ________ impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability to fulfill his dreams（翻译）_______________. Long ago, he envisioned（翻译）_____ rice plants as tall as sorghum, with each ear of rice as big as a broom, and each grain of rice（翻译）____________ as huge as a peanut. He succeeded in producing a kind of rice that could feed more people at home and abroad（翻译）_________. His later vision for “seawater rice” has also become a reality, and potentially（翻译）______ opened up nearly one million square kilometres of salty land in China for rice production. Even in his later years, Yuan Longping was still young at heart and full of vision（翻译）_________, and everyone was always excited to see ______ he would dream up next. 造福全人类的开拓者 被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平是中国最著名的科学家之一。然而，他把自己看作是一位农民，因为在研究过程中他不断耕耘土地。确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯，与其为之奉献毕生的千千万万的中国农民无异。 袁隆平1930年出生于北京。他的父母希望他从事科学或医学职业，然而，他最关心的是农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至出现严重的食物短缺。为了应对这一危机，他选择学习农业，在位于重庆的西南农学院接受教育。 1953年大学毕业后，他成为一名科研人员。袁隆平意识到，解决问题的办法并不是扩大农田面积，而是农民们需要提高他们已有土地上农作物的产量。如何实现这一目标成为当时一个颇具挑战性的问题。袁隆平确信答案可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到。杂交指的是两个或者两个以上品种的交叉。杂交作物的一个特点就是它们通常能获得比传统作物更高的产量。然而，是否可能开发出水稻等自花授粉作物的杂交品种，仍众说纷纭。当时普遍认为这是不可能实现的。历经千辛万苦，袁隆平攻克了艰巨的技术难题，在1974年开发出了可用于耕作的第一代杂交水稻。这种杂交水稻极大地提高了农民的产量。 据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。袁隆平的创新不仅养活了中国，也养活了以稻米为主食的许多其他国家，如印度和越南。袁隆平凭其不可估量的贡献，在国内外获奖无数。 鉴于袁隆平开发杂交水稻而变得相当富有，有人会认为他会退休享受悠闲的生活。但是，事实远非如此。实际上，袁隆平在内心深处仍然是一位农民。身为土地之子，他不在乎名利，反而捐赠巨资支持农业研究。 袁隆平给人们印象最深的是他不断实现梦想的能力。很早以前，他就设想水稻长得与高粱一样高，每支稻穗与扫帚一样大，每粒稻米与花生一样饱满。 他成功培育出能够养活更多人的水稻品种，甚至出口海外。他新近的“海水稻”愿景也已经成为现实，有望在中国开辟近100万平方公里的盐碱地用于水稻生产。虽年事已高，但袁隆平仍然保持年轻的心态，而且满怀憧憬，大家都在期待他的下一个不同寻常的想法。 using language CHEMICAL VERSUS ORGANIC FARMING Chemical pesticides（翻译）_________ and artificial fertilisers（翻译）__________ have been in widespread use（翻译）_________ in farming since the middle of the 20th century. When they were first introduced, many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop disease（翻译）___________ and increase production. Over time, however, _____ some scientists have found is that their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and people’s health. For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects（翻译）____________, but also helpful ones. In addition, these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources（翻译）_______ for a long time. This affects（翻译）_____ the crops grown on the land and, in turn（翻译）_______, the animals and humans who digest（翻译）_______ them. Many people worry that these chemicals may make them ill and even cause cancer（翻译）________. In fact, some pesticides like DDT have been prohibited in most countries because of the damage they cause to people and the environment. As for chemical fertilisers（翻译）_______, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition（翻译）________________. They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals（翻译）___________, and they often have less flavour（翻译）_________ as well. As an alternative（翻译）_____________, some farmers have switched to organic farming（翻译）___________, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery（翻译）_______. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease（翻译）__________ through natural means. For example, many organic farmers use natural waste from animals as fertiliser. This makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals. It also keeps the air, soil, water, and crops free of chemicals. Organic farmers also use many other methods to produce rich soil. They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every year. For instance, they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year, and then grow beans there the next. ______ different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, ______(make) it ready for the next batch of（翻译）_______ crops. Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that use different depths of soil to help keep it rich. For example peanuts grow on the ground’s surface（翻译）_____, but many other vegetables put down deep roots（翻译）___________. The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to people’s health. Some people would prefer to stop the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture entirely. What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand（翻译）_________ for food around the world. Organic farming is nowhere near（翻译）______ able to meet that needs. Therefore, there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that puts sufficient（翻译）______ food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible. 化学耕作与有机耕作 自二十世纪中叶以来，化学农药和人工肥料便广泛应用于耕作。引人之初，二者被许多农民视为抵御作物病害、增加产量的好方法，因而颇受欢迎。然而，随着时间的推移，一些科学家发现，长期使用它们有时会危害土地和人类健康。 例如，农药在杀死有害细菌和昆虫的同时，也会杀死有益的细菌和昆虫，从而破坏土地。此外，这些化学品会长期残留于土壤和地下水源中。这会影响土里种植的作物，继而影响消化这些作物的人畜。很多人担心这些化学品会致病，甚至引发癌症。事实上，由于对人类和环境有害，“滴滴涕”等农药在大多数国家已被禁用。至于化学肥料，用其施肥的作物通常生长过快而营养不足。此类作物外表靓丽，而内里却经常是水分多于必需矿物质，并且往往口感较差。 作为一种替代方法，有些农民已经转向有机耕作，而且许多消费者在当地食杂店购物时，也转而选择有机食品。有机耕作就是不使用任何化学品的耕作。有机耕作的农民注重通过天然的方法保持土壤肥沃，没有病害。例如，许多有机耕作的农民使用天然的牲畜粪便作为肥料，使农田土壤富含矿物质，也避免化学品进入空气、土壤、水源和作物。 有机耕作的农民也采用许多其他方法维持土壤肥沃。他们通常每年更换每块农田种植的作物种类。例如，他们可能一年在田里种植玉米或小麦，第二年改种豆类。种植不同作物的原因，是为了把重要的矿物质重新放回土壤之中，让土壤为下一批作物(的种植)做好准备。有机耕作的农民也种植土壤深度要求不同的多样化作物，以保持土壤肥沃。例如，花生长在土壤表层，而许多其他蔬菜则扎根于土壤深处。采用不同的有机耕作方法，目的在于生产优质食物，同时避免损害环境和人类健康。 有些人宁愿在农业中彻底停止使用人工化学品。他们不能如愿的原因是化学耕作满足了全世界对食物的高需求，而有机耕作还远远不能满足这一需求。因此，想要找到一个合适的解决方案，使人类和环境尽可能保持健康，又让人们有足够的食物可吃，这还有很长的路要走。 第 1 页 共 8 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $