专题05 阅读理解（说明文）（期中真题汇编，云南专用）高二英语上学期

专题05 说明文 阅读理解C篇 以下汇编的阅读理解C篇按三大主题分类排列： 主题01 人与社会——文化、艺术、历史、社会服务与公共生活 1. 文化与建筑融合难度0.65｜将运河文化融入书店设计，打造文化体验空间 2. 城市交通与空间规划难度0.65｜推广"15分钟城市"理念，减少汽车依赖，优化城市空间结构 3. 文学与出版产业难度0.65｜分析作家新书出版计划及对出版行业的影响 4. 科技与国家发展难度0.65｜人工智能技术发展现状及国家战略布局 5. 非物质文化遗产传承难度0.65｜民歌传承人的艺术贡献与文化推广 6. 节日习俗与文化传统难度0.65｜新年庆祝方式及礼物象征意义 7. 智能交通与城市建设难度0.65｜为自动驾驶增设信号灯提升交通效率 主题02 人与自我——健康、成长、教育、心理与生活方式 1. 儿童发展与教育观念难度0.65｜户外活动对儿童发展的积极影响 2. 健康饮食与生活方式难度0.65｜早餐重要性及中西饮食文化差异 3. 健康科技与工作环境难度0.65｜可穿戴设备减轻工作劳损提升效率 4. 医疗环境与心理安抚难度0.65｜通过动物辅助项目缓解患儿焦虑 主题03 人与自然——环境、生态、可持续性与人与自然的关系 1.绿色旅行与生态旅游难度0.65｜绿色旅游发展现状与反对"漂绿"行为 主题01 人与社会——文化、艺术、历史、社会服务与公共生活 1．(24-25高二上·云南昭通一中教研联盟·期中) You've heard of getting lost in a book. Now, get ready to get lost in a “river of books. ” At Zhongshuge, a bookstore and library in Yangzhou, China, the books go on forever. Or, at least, that's what it looks like, thanks to some incredible architecture and illusion (幻觉). When you walk into Zhongshuge, you' re surrounded on all sides by a tunnel of books. They fill the ceiling, walls, and floor, some even appearing to defy gravity (反重力场). For book lovers, it's a paradise like no other. So how does this magical bookshop do it? Well, an architectural studio called X+ Living designed the inside part of Zhongshuge. The shelves are like a tunnel. The floor is covered with black mirrors, reflecting the shelves above and creating the illusion that the bookshelves continue down past the floor you' re standing on. And there you have it: the dizzying (yet amazing) illusion that the rows of books never end. As it turns out, the store's design has more significance than just a fun illusion. X+ Living wanted to be in honor of the literary (文学的) history of the city of Yangzhou. Yangzhou is full of canals (运河) and rivers, and many of China's literary poets drew inspiration from the flowing water. X+ Living, therefore, combined this concept with Zhongshuge, and tried to create the feel of being immersed in a “river” of books. Once you've picked out a book from the seemingly countless number, head into the equally beautiful reading room. It has enormous ceilings and many comfortable places to sit and appreciate a book. Literary fans, are you ready to move in yet? Book your flight to China to experience this incredible bookstore in person! 1．What is the main feature of Zhongshuge? A．It has an endless supply of books. B．It uses architectural design to create illusions. C．It is shaped like a tunnel underground. D．It defies gravity with its bookshelves. 2．What does the underlined word “dizzying” in paragraph 3 probable mean? A．Attractive. B．Energetic. C．Confusing. D．Unique. 3．How did X+ Living combine Yangzhou's waterways with Zhongshuge? A．By installing a real river inside the bookstore. B．By naming sections of the bookstore after famous Yangzhou canals. C．By creating a sense of being surrounded by a “river” of books. D．By decorating the bookstore with images of Yangzhou's waterways. 4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To appeal to more book lovers to visit Zhongshuge. B．To stress the importance of history in Zhongshuge's design. C．To describe the popularity of Zhongshuge. D．To explain the process of designing Zhongshuge. 2.(24-25高二上·云南镇康县第一中学·期中) The 20th century saw the world re-adapt itself to the introduction of the car. Streets were widened and shops needed mass parking. The modern city is built in the image of the car. But what if it didn’t have to be like that? Dr. Robert Martin, Head of Mobility at Danish architectural company JAJA, believes we have to go back to the drawing board of cities. JAJA has worked on several plans for ways to remove cars from cities and redesign city spaces. Martin advocates for the idea of the “15-minute city”. It’s about creating several centers within a city. Removing the primacy (首位) of the downtown center, people go to their own local center which has all their regular facilities. JAJA is based out of Copenhagen, a city which is known for its lack of cars and bike-friendly infrastructure (基础设施). Martin notes that honor is somewhat unearned. “Over the last 20 years, Copenhagen’s seen an increasing amount of car ownership in the city center.” Still, the ideal of Copenhagen is the origin of the change JAJA wants to see in more cities. Put them on a “mobility diet”, Martin suggests, and re-prioritize lanes (重新确定车道优先顺序) for cars and for people to walk and cycle in. Where you aren’t creating cycle routes, there’s also the opportunity to build green spaces to take in CO2 and heat. He points out that it’s about reducing cars, not cleaning them off completely. The need to travel privately around countries and the transport of goods into cities can’t be wished away by the desire for a better city. So, Martin suggests that cars can be shared. Zipcar is a popular car-sharing app in London. Then there’s the way goods are brought into cities. Trucks can travel into city centers at night to avoid traffic, and for smaller packages, “London’s one of the leaders in terms of bike delivery,” he says. What does the future look like? It might be interesting to question how our cities will continually change. 1．Which is a “15-minute city”? A．A city with wide streets. B．A city with enough parking. C．A city with a downtown center. D．A city with easily accessible centers. 2．Why does Martin think Copenhagen has an unearned honor? A．It doesn’t have enough infrastructure. B．It has an increasing number of cars. C．It has a quiet city center. D．It is not car-friendly. 3．What suggestion does Martin put forward for reducing car numbers? A．Night-time private car use. B．Widespread bike-sharing service. C．Green small package delivery. D．Continuous improvement of Zipcar. 4．Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A．Cars in Cities: To Be or Not to Be? B．The 15-Minute City: An Ideal Model C．Redesigning City Spaces: A New Trend D．JAJA’s Plans: A Solution to Urban Problems 3.(23-24高二上·云南盈江县第一高级中学·期中) J.K. Rowling, the Harry Potter’s author, has signed a deal with Little Brown Company to publish her first ever novel for adults, which is set to become one of the most anticipated (被期待的) books in years. The deal means that Rowling’s long-standing relationship with Bloomsbury, the London-based publisher that launched (发行) the Harry Potter books, has come to an end, at least in terms of new works by the author. Rowling is keeping her fans guessing about the characters and plot of her new book. She only said that the new novel will be nothing like the Harry Potter series, which was sold over 30 million copies in the UK alone. She thought that with the move from children’s to adult fiction, a switch to a new publisher seemed like a natural and reasonable step. She said, “Although I’ve enjoyed writing it every bit as much, this book will be very different from the Harry Potter series. The freedom to explore a new field is a gift that Harry’s success has brought me.” Ian Rankin, the Edinburgh-based author whose highly-successful detective novels are also set in the city, suggested Rowling’s book will be a crime novel. “Wouldn’t it be funny if J.K. Rowling’s first novel for adults turned out to be a crime story set in Edinburgh?” he said. Industry insiders guessed that the deal is worth more than £5 million and the new book is expected to come out later this year. A spokesman said, “J.K. Rowling’s audience is vast and her position is unique. Harry Potter books were a global success and her fans are very loyal. Children that were eight, nine, or ten when the books first came out in the 1990s are now in their 20s. Plenty of adults, loved the books regardless of whether they had children, so the potential market for her is huge.” 1．J. K. Roling’s new book for adults ________. A．has been sold 30 million copies in the UK alone B．is poorly thought of by the London-based publisher Bloomsbury C．has nothing in common with the Harry Potter series D．is expected to bring her more money than the Harry Potter series 2．We can learn from the text that ________. A．Little Brown Company is specialized in publishing adult books B．the author has no doubt about the success of Rowling’s new book C．J.K. Rowling will be a crime novelist as good as Ian Rankin D．it was in Edinburgh that Ian Rankin got to know J.K. Rowling 3．What does the underlined phrase “come out” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A．Be published. B．Turn out. C．Result in. D．Be withdrawn. 4．What the spokesman said in the last paragraph tells us that ________. A．J.K. Rowling’s fans are so loyal that they don’t care what she will write at all B．children won’t have any interest in J.K. Rowling’s new book C．Rowling’s vast audience and unique position will guarantee the new book’s success D．only readers of Harry Potter series will be interested in Rowling’s new book 4.(23-24高二上·云南云南师范大学附属中学等校·期中) Artificial intelligence, a key technology for driving digital transformation, is playing an increasingly vital role in accelerating China’s push for industrial upgrading and promoting the in-depth integration (融合) of the digital economy and real economy. Significant progress has been made in developing China’s AI industry, with technological innovation capabilities in some areas ranking among the best in the world, business leaders and experts said. A Stanford University report showed that China filed more than half of the world’s AI patent applications last year and the nation continued to lead the world in the number of AI journals, conference papers and related publications. The report said Chinese researchers have been the most productive in recent years, publishing 27.5% of all AI journal articles worldwide, while researchers from the United States accounted for 12%. Articles in Chinese journals also exceeded those of other nations for citations, an indicator of their scientific importance.100000 Chinese technology companies have invested heavily in research and development based on AI. In 2017, Baidu was chosen to lead the establishment of the Al national laboratory in deep learning. Self-driving technologies are important for this national research project. Robin Li, co-founder and CEO of Baidu, said the application of AI technology is reshaping the industry landscape and will be a transformative force revolutionizing development over the next 40 years. Tech heavyweight Tencent Holdings launched its AI Lab in April 2016. It emphasizes basic research in computer vision, speech recognition, natural language processing and machine learning. The tech firm works to put fundamental research to practical use, applying AI to its key businesses, including medicine, social interaction, online games and cloud computing. It also operates Youtu Lab, which has developed advanced technologies in facial and image recognition and voice identification. Xiang Ligang, director-general of a telecom industry association, spoke highly of the nation’s intensified efforts to develop digital technologies represented by AI, which will further reinforce China’s advantages in global supply chains, he said. 1．What is Paragraph 1 mainly about? A．It conveys China’s determination in AI study. B．It introduces the necessity of digital transformation. C．It reveals China’s ambition in promoting tech firms. D．It shows the critical role of AI in China’s development. 2．In which aspect does China top other nations? A．Industrial upgradation. B．Investment ratio. C．AI journal article publication. D．Technological management capability. 3．What does Xiang Ligang’s words suggest? A．China should stress more on AI patent applications. B．Emphasis on basic research in cloud computing is vital. C．It is important to accelerate the in-depth integration. D．China will benefit from developing digital technologies. 4．What is the business leaders’ attitude towards AI? A．Supportive. B．Negative. C．Neutral. D．Indifferent. 5.(22-23高一下·云南迪庆州·期末) “I like pop songs better before I actually got a chance to sing hua’er at the age of 19,” said Sa Lina,36, who has since become a famous singer, devoting herself to this traditional art form for almost two decades Hua’er, which means flower in Chinese, is a Chinese folk song style. It is popular and shared by people of nine ethnic groups in Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia and Xinjiangfor hundreds of years. Also known as a type of “mountain songs”, it was inscribed by UNESCO on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity(人类非物质文化遗产)in 2009. After graduating in 2005, Sa returned to her hometown in Ningxia, and soon got a chance to sing with Ma Handong, a famous singer of hua’er. “I had never sung hua’er before, so I practiced a lot, To my surprise, I soon fell in love with its beautiful melodies,” said Sa. Since then, Sa has devoted herself to mastering the folk art, and further bringing this traditional local folk art to the national stage. In 2010, she sang a hua’er song at a gala on Chinese New Year’s Eve, winning nationwide attention. At the age of 27, she was named an inheritor(传承者)of hua’er, becoming the youngest inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage at the time. “Art should not only be inherited(传承), but also improved. I don’t only want to be a hua’er singer, but also a promoter of this folk music,” she said. In 2014 Sa set up an art school, which offers hua’er training courses free of charge. She also regularly gives singing lectures in public schools and communities, benefiting tens of thousands of people. 1．What can we learn about Hua’er from the text? A．It is a kind of flower. B．It is a local folk art C．It is a classic song. D．It is a new art form. 2．Which of the following best explains“inscribed” underlined in paragraph 2? A．Updated. B．Studied. C．Awarded. D．Included 3．What’s the fourth paragraph mainly about? A．Sa’s skills in singing Hua’er B．Sa’s performance at a gala. C．Sa’s contributions about Hua’er D．Sa’s understanding about Hua’er. 4．Why did Sa set up an art school? A．To offer different art courses B．To help people live more happily. C．To inherit and promote the folk art D．To open more social media accounts 6.(22-23高一下·云南曲靖兴教学校·期中) New Year is a time to celebrate for almost everyone around the world. In Britain, people go to pubs to dance the old year away and to welcome the new one at midnight. In recent years, street parties have become more popular. Hundreds or even thousands of people gather in squares, main streets or on the riverbanks to listen to bands playing and to see fireworks display. For people who stay at home, most of them watch special and live New Year shows on TV with the hosts. As the last seconds of the old year are ticked away from 10 to 1, the bells of the New Year are rung. In Scotland, on New Year’s Eve, people visit their neighbors, drink, dance and generally have a good time. If you’re invited to a Scottish home, you should bring some important things with you: some coal, shortbread and whisky. The coal shows warmth, so you’re wishing that the people you visit will have enough heat in the coming year. The shortbread represents food, so you’re hoping that the people will have enough to eat in the new year. Some Scots call whisky “the water of life”, so when you hand over your bottle to your hosts, it means you want them to have enough to drink over the next 12 months. There’s one more key task you still need to perform if you can. The first person to knock on a neighbor’s door is supposed to be a tall and handsome man. If you are, you’ll bring good luck to the household. What if that’s not you? Well, don’t ring the bell. Wait a while and the right person will turn up soon! 1．Which does not belong to gathering places when people throw street parties? A．Parks. B．Squares. C．Main streets. D．Riverbanks. 2．What can we infer about the New Year in Britain according to the first three paragraphs? A．British people hate the old year, so they dance it away quickly. B．Street concerts have become less popular on New Year’s Eve. C．British people often set of fireworks to celebrate the New Year. D．People do nothing at home but wait for the bell of the New Year. 3．Why do visitors take some things to a Scottish home on New Year’s Eve? A．To offer some food and water. B．To send their lovey wishes. C．To show respect and richness. D．To help those poor families. 4．Who is the right person to knock at the door? A．A man who listens to bands playing. B．A man who is tall and handsome. C．A man who performs at street parties. D．A man who carries bread and whisky. 7.(23-24高二上·云南下关第一中学·期中) A fourth color might be added to traffic lights to better realize the potential of self-driving vehicles, as stated in a recent paper by researchers at North Carolina State University in the US. Autonomous vehicles can do more than just drive-they are able to sense their surroundings and upload information. A shared network gives orders to stop at a crossing based on traffic conditions. The added white lights would be used to signal to human drivers that autonomous vehicles are managing the upcoming traffic flow intelligently. Drivers don’t have to check the traditional lights if the white one is on. “The white lights will tell human drivers to simply follow the car in front of them,” one of the study authors Ali Hajbabaie told the university’s website. Simulated (模拟的) models showed that autonomous vehicles were able to improve traffic flow on their own. Introducing the white light also has a positive effect on reducing fuel consumption. The higher the percentage of autonomous vehicles at a crossing, the faster the traffic moves, reducing about 40 to 99 percent of the total delay time. What kind of infrastructure (基础设施) is needed as self-driving technology thrives? In an interview with China Surveying and Mapping magazine, Liu Jingnan at the Chinese Academy of Engineering shared his answers. To begin with, the vehicle’s network that collects data about the environment and shares the data with other vehicles needs to be intelligent. High-precision maps are needed for autonomous vehicles to plan routes in detail. They can provide both updated information on traditional maps and real-time changes, such as accidents. For example, when driving around a curve, the navigation (导航) system in the vehicle needs to calculate the safe speed based on the map’s information. And if the area is foggy, the network has to alarm the other cars to slow down. Other elements on the road need to be upgraded too. For example, road markings should be precise and readable for machines. Sensors should be built on sidewalks and roads to allow vehicles to predict potentially dangerous situations. 1．What is the purpose of adding a white light to traffic lights? A．To signal to self-driving cars when to stop. B．To help driverless cars assess traffic conditions. C．To tell human drivers to go after the cars in front. D．To signal to human drivers to pass the cars ahead. 2．According to the article, what effect would the introduction of self-driving cars bring about? A．Increased road safety. B．Reduced fuel efficiency. C．Less time stuck in traffic. D．Unpredictable traffic patterns. 3．What is a function of high-precision maps in self-driving technology? A．To calculate a safe speed for vehicles. B．To provide real-time weather updates. C．To plan routes for autonomous vehicles. D．To offer real-time data on road conditions. 4．What does the author intend to prove in the second-to-last paragraph? A．The advantages of autonomous vehicles. B．The role of the navigation system in self-driving cars. C．The application of the infrastructure in self-driving cars. D．The efficiency of self-driving cars handling emergencies. 主题02 人与自我——健康、成长、教育、心理与生活方式 1.(24-25高二上·云南昭通一中教研联盟·期中) Michael Follett, the founder of Opal (Outdoor Play and Learning), is passionate about the importance of playing with mud (泥巴). He supports schools to improve play opportunities and stresses the benefits of unorganized outdoor play. Not everyone is so positive about mud, however. A primary school in north Devon with a brand-new mud play area hit the headlines last week after apologizing to parents whose children had gone home muddy after heavy rain. The mud play area at Holsworthy Church, with a digging mud cafe, was part of the school’s outdoor play area. “We felt that our children needed something better at playtime,” said the headteacher, Amy Frost. “As schools we have become quite fearful of allowing our children to take risks…children don’t learn what risk is and how to manage risk.” There’s also research about the benefits of being in contact with mud, just in terms of the biology of what’s in the mud, and how it affects our immune system. Also in terms of sensory things, lots of children now have sensory difficulties. They don’t like the feel of different things. And parents have contributed a lot. Some children are not allowed to touch the mud and are required to wash their hands frequently by their parents, as mud may contain unknown bacteria or other substances which may get their children fall ill. Children had never before seen so much and experienced so little, said Follett. “All of their experiences are secondary, through screens shut in bedrooms. What they’re lacking is real primary experience, touching, feeling. You know that feeling of having a handful of mud and it all coming through your fingers? You’re not going to get that in front of the screen.” 1．What does Amy Frost think about the current attitude of schools towards children’s play? A．It focuses too much on academics. B．It pays more attention to fitness. C．It lacks creativity and practice. D．It is too protective. 2．According to the research, what is the advantage for children to have more access to mud? A．It can relieve stress and have fun. B．It can strengthen their confidence. C．It is beneficial to their physical senses and health. D．It has a profound effect on their mental health. 3．Which of the following is a possible reason for children having sensory difficulties? A．Being afraid to touch the mud. B．Being exposed to enough natural environments. C．Being kept overly clean. D．Spending too much time on electronic devices. 4．What does Follett mean by saying “All of their experiences are secondary, through screens shut in bedrooms”? A．Children are only experiencing things indirectly through screens. B．Children are learning more from screens than from real life. C．Children are not getting enough physical activity. D．Children are not having real primary school experiences. 2.(23-24高二上·云南云南师范大学附属中学等校·期中) “Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince and dinner like a poor man.” As the old saying tells us, breakfast is the most important meal of the day. It provides us with energy after a long night without food. If people don’t have breakfast in the morning, they will feel tired and get angry easily. Breakfast helps children stay more focused at school. A study showed that children who eat breakfast regularly score higher in most subjects. Breakfast is also important for losing weight. If you have a balanced breakfast, you will eat less throughout the day. Healthy and balanced breakfast should include some protein like eggs, milk or a little meat which makes you energetic all day. Carbohydrates(碳水化合物) like rice or bread can keep you active. Vegetables and fruit have the vitamins that humans need. In China, breakfast is different from region to region. However, porridge with pickles(腌菜), baozi, noodles, soybean milk and youtiao are common throughout the whole country. Although Western culture influenced China a lot, most people still prefer traditional Chinese breakfast. They think that porridge and noodles are not only easily digested, but also can provide enough energy in the morning. Some Western countries, they have some other kinds of food. For example, in the USA, they enjoy sausages, soft pancakes. In Canada, local people like eating pancakes! 1．The old saying in the first paragraph means that ________. A．breakfast must be delicious B．breakfast is eaten by the king C．breakfast is the most important among the three meals D．breakfast can make people feel like a nice man 2．Why do we need to have breakfast in the morning? A．Because breakfast is helpful to our studies. B．Because breakfast is the most delicious meal of the day. C．Because breakfast offers energy to us after the whole night without food. D．Because breakfast makes us feel excited. 3．Which of the following doesn’t belong to healthy breakfast? A．Cola and butter. B．A little meat. C．Rice and bread. D．Eggs and milk. 4．What is the best title of the passage? A．Chinese Traditional Breakfast B．Breakfast and Health C．Breakfast and Weight Loss D．Western Breakfast 3.(23-24高二上·云南昆明五华区昆明第一中学·期中) According to a survey performed by the European Agency for Health and Safety at Work (EAH-SW),45% of the workers surveyed suffer from painful or tiring positions at work, 25% from back pain, and 20% from muscle pain. Studies show that half of all European workers could be affected by work-related diseases by 2030. Wearable technologies can reduce such injuries and loss of productivity. One example is the Iron hand soft robotic glove from Bioservo Technologies, providing five times the strength of a 30-year-old man. The system consists of a glove fitted with sensors and artificial tendons that increase grasping forces. There is also a power pack that can be worn as a backpack. The glove is programmed through an android app, where the user can choose individual preferences for forces needed depending on the task. When you grasp or pick up an object like a container, fingertip sensors de tact the action and activate motors that immediately respond and operate the tendons in the glove’s fingers. The higher the pressure on the sensors, the more power delivered by Iron hand. A remote control or app can be used to adjust the strength and sensitivity of the grip(抓力). “Programming is quite easy,” said Mikael, Bioservo’s marketing director. “It takes about an hour for an operator to set the system and understand how the glove can help in different situation. The hard part is getting the user to accept that he is getting help. It can be a tough task to make them understand they don’t need to apply as much power and can relax.” Bioservo’s earlier device, now called Carbon glove, was designed for healthcare, helping people with limited grasping ability to recover or perform daily tasks. The firm was asked to work with auto producer General Motors (GM) to develop Iron hand for its workers. Through a licensing agreement between them, Bioservo combined technology and developed Iron hand. At present, Bioservo sells Iron hand for $6.500 per unit. 1．Why does the author mention EAHSW’s survey in the first paragraph? A．To make a comparison. B．To introduce the topic. C．To provide an example. D．To make the text persuasive. 2．What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us about the Ironhand? A．How it functions. B．How it is designed. C．What it consists of. D．Why it is developed. 3．What does Mikael say about the Ironhand system? A．Users are slow to adapt to it. B．It’s popular with young users. C．Operators need patience to set it. D．It’s not suitable for all situations. 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．Prevention of  Occupational Diseases B．Necessity of Using Robots in Factories C．Soft Robotic Glove Boosts Workers’ Grip D．Carbon glove Can Offer Healthcare Services 4.(22-23高一下·云南楚雄州·期末) Staying in hospital can be difficult for patients, often causing fear and anxiety, especially in younger individuals. These emotions can easily take over, but hospitals in Richmond, Virginia, have programs to relieve some of the stress and create moments of joy. Due to a program called Dogs On Call provided by the non-profit organization Center for Human-Animal Interaction, at the Children’s Hospital of Richmond, the sound of dogs coming down the hallway creates an atmosphere of excitement among child patients. For 21 years, the volunteer-run program has been connecting dogs with those in need of an inspiring moment. With the necessary registration steps, dogs and handlers can participate in weekly visits to the hospital. Besides the scheduled visits, parents or children can request a specific team to visit their rooms. “When a patient interacts with a dog, it can decrease blood pressure and reduce pain,” says Nancy R. Gee, executive director of the center. Their faces change just for a moment. They’re not thinking about their health situation or their pain. Just for that moment, they’re just kids with a dog. Instead of Dogs On Call, Bon Secours St. Mary’s Hospital of Richmond provides Happy Wheels, a program in which a cart full of treats and other items rolling through the halls of the hospital. The volunteer-run program visits four times a week. They go from room to room to hand out toys, coffee, snacks, and other comfort items. All of the items found in the cart are donated to the program and handed out to families in all children’s care units. “It’s an opportunity for the children to be children and to get excited about a new toy coming in their rooms, ”says Laura Gepford, child life specialist at St. Mary’s Hospital. “Besides the fevers, the medicine and all the difficult things that occur in the hospital, they have the shining of happy moments. That’s what people hold onto. ” 1．What do we know about the program Dogs On Call? A．Dogs might frighten the child patients. B．Dog visits must follow a fixed schedule. C．It gives mental treatment to the child patients. D．It is financially supported by the government. 2．What does Nancy R Gee mean in paragraph 4? A．Children care for dogs by nature. B．Children’s moods are changeable. C．Children are too young to take their illness seriously. D．Children’s spirits are lifted by the dogs’ companion. 3．What is Laura Gepford’s attitude to the Happy Wheels program? A．Concerned. B．Appreciative. C．Dissatisfied. D．Doubtful. 4．How do the two programs in the text help? A．By bringing patients comfort and cheer. B．By changing people’s attitude to illness. C．By telling people the importance of play. D．By guiding parents to better comfort kids. 主题03 人与自然——环境、生态、可持续性与人与自然的关系 1.(23-24高二上·.云南省云南师范大学附属中学等校·期中) Taking an “eco-break” was once almost the same as a weekend’s hedge-laying or a summer spent conserving wildlife. Here is how things have changed: being a green traveler today is no longer restricted to one-off gestures but, rather, it’s a state of mind. Influences include, but are not limited to what we pack, how we reach our destination, where we stay and what activities we take part in. Such change has come about thanks to both a growing understanding of climate change and the pioneering efforts of some travel operators to show the joy of going green. Luxury camping specialists Feather Down Farms and Forest, for example, led the glamping (豪华野营) revolution. Digital platforms such as Under the Thatch and Canopy & Stars have made booking low-impact rural accommodations easier. Adventure operators such as TYF, Intrepid and Much Better Adventures set the agenda for sustainable outdoor relaxation. But the increased appetite for travel and the trend for replacing annual trips with multiple shorter breaks has seen a rise in carbon-intensive air travel. Meanwhile, key overland routes have been discontinued (such as ferry services to Scandinavia and overnight “train hotels” through France and Spain), and cuts in local transport services have severely impacted car-free access to rural areas. Dishonest and immoral businesses have also jumped on the “eco” travel wave, muddying the waters. There are, however, signs we’re entering a golden age of green travel. Richard Hammond, founder of the Green Traveler website, shares over 20 years’ worth of expertise in his new guidebook outlying methods to explore the world sustainably. Many travel companies are also starting to provide tools to help travelers tell the genuinely green from greenwashing operations (Booking. com and Google, for instance, are working with not-for-profit Travalyst to flag up officially-approved and eco-certified hotels in their search results) while the upcoming national rollout (推广) of electric car charging, the modernization of cross-channel ferry services and the return of rail means choosing lower-carbon overland travel is becoming practical and more appealing. 1．How have things changed for being green now? A．Each stop on a route is planned with care. B．Many aspects of our travels are influenced. C．Wildlife preservation is not as essential as before. D．The health conditions of tourists are considered. 2．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning some travel operators? A．To compare their jobs in different fields. B．To offer the readers select recommendations. C．To impress the readers with outdoor activities. D．To show their joint contributions to green travel. 3．What does the underlined word “greenwashing” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Eco-unfriendly. B．Illegal. C．Disorderly. D．Evergreen. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Going Green B．Costing the Earth Less C．Experiencing Rural Lifestyles D．Adventuring Into the Golden Age / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 说明文 阅读理解C篇 以下汇编的阅读理解C篇按三大主题分类排列： 主题01 人与社会——文化、艺术、历史、社会服务与公共生活 1. 文化与建筑融合难度0.65｜将运河文化融入书店设计，打造文化体验空间 2. 城市交通与空间规划难度0.65｜推广"15分钟城市"理念，减少汽车依赖，优化城市空间结构 3. 文学与出版产业难度0.65｜分析作家新书出版计划及对出版行业的影响 4. 科技与国家发展难度0.65｜人工智能技术发展现状及国家战略布局 5. 非物质文化遗产传承难度0.65｜民歌传承人的艺术贡献与文化推广 6. 节日习俗与文化传统难度0.65｜新年庆祝方式及礼物象征意义 7. 智能交通与城市建设难度0.65｜为自动驾驶增设信号灯提升交通效率 主题02 人与自我——健康、成长、教育、心理与生活方式 1. 儿童发展与教育观念难度0.65｜户外活动对儿童发展的积极影响 2. 健康饮食与生活方式难度0.65｜早餐重要性及中西饮食文化差异 3. 健康科技与工作环境难度0.65｜可穿戴设备减轻工作劳损提升效率 4. 医疗环境与心理安抚难度0.65｜通过动物辅助项目缓解患儿焦虑 主题03 人与自然——环境、生态、可持续性与人与自然的关系 1.绿色旅行与生态旅游难度0.65｜绿色旅游发展现状与反对"漂绿"行为 主题01 人与社会——文化、艺术、历史、社会服务与公共生活 1．(24-25高二上·云南昭通一中教研联盟·期中) You've heard of getting lost in a book. Now, get ready to get lost in a “river of books. ” At Zhongshuge, a bookstore and library in Yangzhou, China, the books go on forever. Or, at least, that's what it looks like, thanks to some incredible architecture and illusion (幻觉). When you walk into Zhongshuge, you' re surrounded on all sides by a tunnel of books. They fill the ceiling, walls, and floor, some even appearing to defy gravity (反重力场). For book lovers, it's a paradise like no other. So how does this magical bookshop do it? Well, an architectural studio called X+ Living designed the inside part of Zhongshuge. The shelves are like a tunnel. The floor is covered with black mirrors, reflecting the shelves above and creating the illusion that the bookshelves continue down past the floor you' re standing on. And there you have it: the dizzying (yet amazing) illusion that the rows of books never end. As it turns out, the store's design has more significance than just a fun illusion. X+ Living wanted to be in honor of the literary (文学的) history of the city of Yangzhou. Yangzhou is full of canals (运河) and rivers, and many of China's literary poets drew inspiration from the flowing water. X+ Living, therefore, combined this concept with Zhongshuge, and tried to create the feel of being immersed in a “river” of books. Once you've picked out a book from the seemingly countless number, head into the equally beautiful reading room. It has enormous ceilings and many comfortable places to sit and appreciate a book. Literary fans, are you ready to move in yet? Book your flight to China to experience this incredible bookstore in person! 1．What is the main feature of Zhongshuge? A．It has an endless supply of books. B．It uses architectural design to create illusions. C．It is shaped like a tunnel underground. D．It defies gravity with its bookshelves. 2．What does the underlined word “dizzying” in paragraph 3 probable mean? A．Attractive. B．Energetic. C．Confusing. D．Unique. 3．How did X+ Living combine Yangzhou's waterways with Zhongshuge? A．By installing a real river inside the bookstore. B．By naming sections of the bookstore after famous Yangzhou canals. C．By creating a sense of being surrounded by a “river” of books. D．By decorating the bookstore with images of Yangzhou's waterways. 4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To appeal to more book lovers to visit Zhongshuge. B．To stress the importance of history in Zhongshuge's design. C．To describe the popularity of Zhongshuge. D．To explain the process of designing Zhongshuge. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 【难度】0.65 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一家位于中国扬州的书店和图书馆——Zhongshuge，它通过独特的建筑设计创造了一个仿佛书籍无穷无尽的幻觉，给读者带来了前所未有的体验。同时，文中也提到设计背后的深意，即通过“书河”的概念来向扬州丰富的文学历史致敬。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“At Zhongshuge, a bookstore and library in Yangzhou, China, the books go on forever. Or, at least, that's what it looks like, thanks to some incredible architecture and illusion (幻觉) . When you walk into Zhongshuge, you' re surrounded on all sides by a tunnel of books. They fill the ceiling, walls, and floor, some even appearing to defy gravity (反重力场) . For book lovers, it's a paradise like no other(在中国扬州的钟书阁书店和图书馆里，书籍似乎无穷无尽。这至少是它给人的感觉，多亏了令人难以置信的建筑和幻觉效果。当你走进钟书阁时，你会发现自己被书籍构成的隧道所包围，书籍填满了天花板、墙壁和地板，有些甚至看起来违反了重力原理。对于爱书之人来说，这里是一个无与伦比的天堂)”可知，Zhongshuge的主要特色在于其利用建筑技术创造出书籍似乎无止境的幻觉。故选B项。 2．词义猜测题。根据第三段划线词下文“illusion that the rows of books never end(书籍排列无尽的错觉)”可知下文提到了错觉，可以推测出，“dizzying”一词在这里表达的意思是令人眼花缭乱或感到困惑的，因为书架看起来像是无限延伸下去，这种效果既让人惊叹又可能让人感到有些迷惑。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“X+ Living, therefore, combined this concept with Zhongshuge, and tried to create the feel of being immersed in a “river” of books(因此，X+ Living 将这一概念与钟书阁结合起来，试图营造出一种沉浸在书籍“河流”中的感觉)”可知，X+ Living将扬州的水系概念融入到Zhongshuge的设计中，试图营造出一种沉浸在“书河”中的感觉。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“At Zhongshuge, a bookstore and library in Yangzhou, China, the books go on forever. Or, at least, that's what it looks like, thanks to some incredible architecture and illusion (幻觉) . When you walk into Zhongshuge, you' re surrounded on all sides by a tunnel of books. They fill the ceiling, walls, and floor, some even appearing to defy gravity (反重力场) . For book lovers, it's a paradise like no other(在中国扬州的钟书阁书店和图书馆里，书籍似乎无穷无尽。这至少是它给人的感觉，多亏了令人难以置信的建筑和幻觉效果。当你走进钟书阁时，你会发现自己被书籍构成的隧道所包围，书籍填满了天花板、墙壁和地板，有些甚至看起来违反了重力原理。对于爱书之人来说，这里是一个无与伦比的天堂)”、第三段“X+ Living, therefore, combined this concept with Zhongshuge, and tried to create the feel of being immersed in a “river” of books(因此，X+ Living 将这一概念与钟书阁结合起来，试图营造出一种沉浸在书籍“河流”中的感觉)”以及最后一段“Book your flight to China to experience this incredible bookstore in person(预订飞往中国的机票，亲自体验这家令人难以置信的书店吧)”可知作者不仅介绍了Zhongshuge的独特之处，还表达了对这家书店的高度赞赏，并在文末呼吁文学爱好者亲自去体验这家神奇的书店。可推理出作者写作的目的之一是为了吸引更多的书迷前来参观Zhongshuge。故选A项。 2.(24-25高二上·云南镇康县第一中学·期中) The 20th century saw the world re-adapt itself to the introduction of the car. Streets were widened and shops needed mass parking. The modern city is built in the image of the car. But what if it didn’t have to be like that? Dr. Robert Martin, Head of Mobility at Danish architectural company JAJA, believes we have to go back to the drawing board of cities. JAJA has worked on several plans for ways to remove cars from cities and redesign city spaces. Martin advocates for the idea of the “15-minute city”. It’s about creating several centers within a city. Removing the primacy (首位) of the downtown center, people go to their own local center which has all their regular facilities. JAJA is based out of Copenhagen, a city which is known for its lack of cars and bike-friendly infrastructure (基础设施). Martin notes that honor is somewhat unearned. “Over the last 20 years, Copenhagen’s seen an increasing amount of car ownership in the city center.” Still, the ideal of Copenhagen is the origin of the change JAJA wants to see in more cities. Put them on a “mobility diet”, Martin suggests, and re-prioritize lanes (重新确定车道优先顺序) for cars and for people to walk and cycle in. Where you aren’t creating cycle routes, there’s also the opportunity to build green spaces to take in CO2 and heat. He points out that it’s about reducing cars, not cleaning them off completely. The need to travel privately around countries and the transport of goods into cities can’t be wished away by the desire for a better city. So, Martin suggests that cars can be shared. Zipcar is a popular car-sharing app in London. Then there’s the way goods are brought into cities. Trucks can travel into city centers at night to avoid traffic, and for smaller packages, “London’s one of the leaders in terms of bike delivery,” he says. What does the future look like? It might be interesting to question how our cities will continually change. 1．Which is a “15-minute city”? A．A city with wide streets. B．A city with enough parking. C．A city with a downtown center. D．A city with easily accessible centers. 2．Why does Martin think Copenhagen has an unearned honor? A．It doesn’t have enough infrastructure. B．It has an increasing number of cars. C．It has a quiet city center. D．It is not car-friendly. 3．What suggestion does Martin put forward for reducing car numbers? A．Night-time private car use. B．Widespread bike-sharing service. C．Green small package delivery. D．Continuous improvement of Zipcar. 4．Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A．Cars in Cities: To Be or Not to Be? B．The 15-Minute City: An Ideal Model C．Redesigning City Spaces: A New Trend D．JAJA’s Plans: A Solution to Urban Problems 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 【难度】0.65 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕JAJA公司提出的一系列解决城市问题的计划展开，包括重新设计城市空间、打造“15分钟城市”、调整车道优先顺序、汽车共享、货物运输时间调整等措施。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“It’s about creating several centers within a city. Removing the primacy (首位) of the downtown center, people go to their own local center which has all their regular facilities.(这是关于在一个城市内创建几个中心。取消了市中心的首要地位，人们去了自己的当地中心，那里有他们所有的常规设施)”可知，Martin 希望未来的城市有多个中心，人们可以在15分钟内到达最近的中心。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“JAJA is based out of Copenhagen, a city which is known for its lack of cars and bike-friendly infrastructure (基础设施). (JAJA总部位于哥本哈根，这座城市以缺乏汽车和自行车友好型基础设施而闻名)”以及“Over the last 20 years, Copenhagen’s seen an increasing amount of car ownership in the city center.(在过去的20年里，哥本哈根市中心的汽车保有量不断增加)”可知，哥本哈根以车少、自行车基础设施完善而闻名，但其汽车的数量却在不断增长。由此可推知，哥本哈根的声誉名不副实是因为其汽车的数量不断增长。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Trucks can travel into city centers at night to avoid traffic, and for smaller packages, ‘London’s one of the leaders in terms of bike delivery,’ he says.(卡车可以在夜间驶入市中心，以避开交通堵塞，对于较小的包裹，‘伦敦是自行车配送的领导者之一，’他说。)”可知，Martin 建议用自行车来投递小型包裹。由此可推知，Martin提出使用绿色无污染的方式来派送小型包裹，以此来减少汽车的数量。故选 C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是第一段中“Dr. Robert Martin, Head of Mobility at Danish architectural company JAJA, believes we have to go back to the drawing board of cities. JAJA has worked on several plans for ways to remove cars from cities and redesign city spaces.(丹麦建筑公司JAJA的移动性主管Robert Martin博士认为，我们必须回到城市的绘图板上。JAJA已经制定了几个计划，以消除城市中的汽车和重新设计城市空间)”可知，文章围绕JAJA公司提出的一系列解决城市问题的计划展开，包括重新设计城市空间、打造“15分钟城市”、调整车道优先顺序、汽车共享、货物运输时间调整等措施。由此可推知，D项JAJA’s Plans: A Solution to Urban Problems(JAJA的规划：城市问题的解决方案)最适合作文章标题。故选D。 3.(23-24高二上·云南盈江县第一高级中学·期中) J.K. Rowling, the Harry Potter’s author, has signed a deal with Little Brown Company to publish her first ever novel for adults, which is set to become one of the most anticipated (被期待的) books in years. The deal means that Rowling’s long-standing relationship with Bloomsbury, the London-based publisher that launched (发行) the Harry Potter books, has come to an end, at least in terms of new works by the author. Rowling is keeping her fans guessing about the characters and plot of her new book. She only said that the new novel will be nothing like the Harry Potter series, which was sold over 30 million copies in the UK alone. She thought that with the move from children’s to adult fiction, a switch to a new publisher seemed like a natural and reasonable step. She said, “Although I’ve enjoyed writing it every bit as much, this book will be very different from the Harry Potter series. The freedom to explore a new field is a gift that Harry’s success has brought me.” Ian Rankin, the Edinburgh-based author whose highly-successful detective novels are also set in the city, suggested Rowling’s book will be a crime novel. “Wouldn’t it be funny if J.K. Rowling’s first novel for adults turned out to be a crime story set in Edinburgh?” he said. Industry insiders guessed that the deal is worth more than £5 million and the new book is expected to come out later this year. A spokesman said, “J.K. Rowling’s audience is vast and her position is unique. Harry Potter books were a global success and her fans are very loyal. Children that were eight, nine, or ten when the books first came out in the 1990s are now in their 20s. Plenty of adults, loved the books regardless of whether they had children, so the potential market for her is huge.” 1．J. K. Roling’s new book for adults ________. A．has been sold 30 million copies in the UK alone B．is poorly thought of by the London-based publisher Bloomsbury C．has nothing in common with the Harry Potter series D．is expected to bring her more money than the Harry Potter series 2．We can learn from the text that ________. A．Little Brown Company is specialized in publishing adult books B．the author has no doubt about the success of Rowling’s new book C．J.K. Rowling will be a crime novelist as good as Ian Rankin D．it was in Edinburgh that Ian Rankin got to know J.K. Rowling 3．What does the underlined phrase “come out” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A．Be published. B．Turn out. C．Result in. D．Be withdrawn. 4．What the spokesman said in the last paragraph tells us that ________. A．J.K. Rowling’s fans are so loyal that they don’t care what she will write at all B．children won’t have any interest in J.K. Rowling’s new book C．Rowling’s vast audience and unique position will guarantee the new book’s success D．only readers of Harry Potter series will be interested in Rowling’s new book 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 【难度】0.65 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了《哈利波特》丛书的作者JK Rowling即将出版新书，并对此作出了评论和说明。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She only said that the new novel will be nothing like the Harry Potter series, which was sold over 30 million copies in the UK alone.(她只是说这部新小说不会像《哈利波特》系列那样，《哈利波特》系列仅在英国就售出了3000多万册)”可知，新书不会像《哈利波特》系列那样，即二者之间没有什么关系。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Plenty of adults, loved the books regardless of whether they had children, so the potential market for her is huge.(很多成年人都喜欢这些书，不管他们是否有孩子，所以她的潜在市场是巨大的)”可知，小说的潜在市场很大，作者对这部小说有信心。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Industry insiders guessed that the deal is worth more than £5 million and the new book is expected to”以及后文“later this year”可知，业内人士猜测，这笔交易的价值超过500万英镑，新书预计将于今年晚些时候出版。故划线词意思是“出版”。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“J.K. Rowling’s audience is vast and her position is unique. Harry Potter books were a global success and her fans are very loyal.(J.K.罗琳罗琳的读者众多，她的地位也独一无二。《哈利·波特》系列在全球大获成功，她的粉丝非常忠诚)”可知，发言人在最后一段所说的话告诉我们，罗琳的广大读者和独特的地位将保证新书的成功。故选C。 4.(23-24高二上·云南云南师范大学附属中学等校·期中) Artificial intelligence, a key technology for driving digital transformation, is playing an increasingly vital role in accelerating China’s push for industrial upgrading and promoting the in-depth integration (融合) of the digital economy and real economy. Significant progress has been made in developing China’s AI industry, with technological innovation capabilities in some areas ranking among the best in the world, business leaders and experts said. A Stanford University report showed that China filed more than half of the world’s AI patent applications last year and the nation continued to lead the world in the number of AI journals, conference papers and related publications. The report said Chinese researchers have been the most productive in recent years, publishing 27.5% of all AI journal articles worldwide, while researchers from the United States accounted for 12%. Articles in Chinese journals also exceeded those of other nations for citations, an indicator of their scientific importance.100000 Chinese technology companies have invested heavily in research and development based on AI. In 2017, Baidu was chosen to lead the establishment of the Al national laboratory in deep learning. Self-driving technologies are important for this national research project. Robin Li, co-founder and CEO of Baidu, said the application of AI technology is reshaping the industry landscape and will be a transformative force revolutionizing development over the next 40 years. Tech heavyweight Tencent Holdings launched its AI Lab in April 2016. It emphasizes basic research in computer vision, speech recognition, natural language processing and machine learning. The tech firm works to put fundamental research to practical use, applying AI to its key businesses, including medicine, social interaction, online games and cloud computing. It also operates Youtu Lab, which has developed advanced technologies in facial and image recognition and voice identification. Xiang Ligang, director-general of a telecom industry association, spoke highly of the nation’s intensified efforts to develop digital technologies represented by AI, which will further reinforce China’s advantages in global supply chains, he said. 1．What is Paragraph 1 mainly about? A．It conveys China’s determination in AI study. B．It introduces the necessity of digital transformation. C．It reveals China’s ambition in promoting tech firms. D．It shows the critical role of AI in China’s development. 2．In which aspect does China top other nations? A．Industrial upgradation. B．Investment ratio. C．AI journal article publication. D．Technological management capability. 3．What does Xiang Ligang’s words suggest? A．China should stress more on AI patent applications. B．Emphasis on basic research in cloud computing is vital. C．It is important to accelerate the in-depth integration. D．China will benefit from developing digital technologies. 4．What is the business leaders’ attitude towards AI? A．Supportive. B．Negative. C．Neutral. D．Indifferent. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A 【难度】0.65 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人工智能在中国发展中起着关键作用，且中国在AI期刊文章发表方面领先其他国家。同时中国科技公司在基于人工智能的研发方面投入了大量资金，中国将从发展数字技术中受益。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Artificial intelligence, a key technology for driving digital transformation, is playing an increasingly vital role in accelerating China’s push for industrial upgrading and promoting the in-depth integration (融合) of the digital economy and real economy. Significant progress has been made in developing China’s Al industry, with technological innovation capabilities in some areas ranking among the best in the world, business leaders and experts said.(人工智能是推动数字化转型的关键技术，在加快中国推动产业升级、促进数字经济与实体经济深度融合方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。商界领袖和专家表示，中国人工智能产业的发展取得了重大进展，在一些领域的技术创新能力位居世界前列)”可知，第一段主要显示了人工智能在中国发展中的关键作用。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“A Stanford University report showed that China filed more than half of the world’s AI patent applications last year and the nation continued to lead the world in the number of AI journals, conference papers and related publications.(斯坦福大学的一份报告显示，去年中国提交的人工智能专利申请占全球的一半以上，在人工智能期刊、会议论文和相关出版物的数量上，中国继续领先世界)”可知，中国在AI期刊文章发表方面领先其他国家。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Xiang Ligang, director-general of a telecom industry association, spoke highly of the nation’s intensified efforts to develop digital technologies represented by AI, which will further reinforce China’s advantages in global supply chains, he said.(电信行业协会总干事项立刚高度评价了国家加大力度发展以人工智能为代表的数字技术，这将进一步加强中国在全球供应链中的优势，他说)”可推知，项立刚的话暗示了中国将从发展数字技术中受益。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Robin Li, co-founder and CEO of Baidu, said the application of AI technology is reshaping the industry landscape and will be a transformative force revolutionizing development over the next 40 years.(百度联合创始人兼首席执行官李彦宏表示，人工智能技术的应用正在重塑行业格局，并将成为未来40年革命性发展的变革力量)”可推知，商界领袖对人工智能是支持态度。故选A。 5.(22-23高一下·云南迪庆州·期末) “I like pop songs better before I actually got a chance to sing hua’er at the age of 19,” said Sa Lina,36, who has since become a famous singer, devoting herself to this traditional art form for almost two decades Hua’er, which means flower in Chinese, is a Chinese folk song style. It is popular and shared by people of nine ethnic groups in Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia and Xinjiangfor hundreds of years. Also known as a type of “mountain songs”, it was inscribed by UNESCO on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity(人类非物质文化遗产)in 2009. After graduating in 2005, Sa returned to her hometown in Ningxia, and soon got a chance to sing with Ma Handong, a famous singer of hua’er. “I had never sung hua’er before, so I practiced a lot, To my surprise, I soon fell in love with its beautiful melodies,” said Sa. Since then, Sa has devoted herself to mastering the folk art, and further bringing this traditional local folk art to the national stage. In 2010, she sang a hua’er song at a gala on Chinese New Year’s Eve, winning nationwide attention. At the age of 27, she was named an inheritor(传承者)of hua’er, becoming the youngest inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage at the time. “Art should not only be inherited(传承), but also improved. I don’t only want to be a hua’er singer, but also a promoter of this folk music,” she said. In 2014 Sa set up an art school, which offers hua’er training courses free of charge. She also regularly gives singing lectures in public schools and communities, benefiting tens of thousands of people. 1．What can we learn about Hua’er from the text? A．It is a kind of flower. B．It is a local folk art C．It is a classic song. D．It is a new art form. 2．Which of the following best explains“inscribed” underlined in paragraph 2? A．Updated. B．Studied. C．Awarded. D．Included 3．What’s the fourth paragraph mainly about? A．Sa’s skills in singing Hua’er B．Sa’s performance at a gala. C．Sa’s contributions about Hua’er D．Sa’s understanding about Hua’er. 4．Why did Sa set up an art school? A．To offer different art courses B．To help people live more happily. C．To inherit and promote the folk art D．To open more social media accounts 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 【难度】0.65 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对人类非物质文化遗产“花儿”以及其继承人撒丽娜做了简要介绍。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Hua’er, which means flower in Chinese, is a Chinese folk song style. It is popular and shared by people of nine ethnic groups in Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia and Xinjiangfor hundreds of years.(花儿，中文意思是花，是一种中国民歌风格。它在青海、甘肃、宁夏和新疆的九个民族中流行和共享了数百年。)”可知，花儿是当地的民间艺术，故选B项。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段划线词下文“by UNESCO on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2009(2009年被联合国教科文组织……人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录)”可推理出，划线词的含义应为“纳入”，D项“Included(列为……的一部分)”，符合句意，故选D项。 3．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Since then. Sa has devoted herself to mastering the folk art, and further bringing this traditional local folk art to the national stage(从那时起撒丽娜致力于掌握民间艺术，并将这种传统的地方民间艺术进一步推向全国舞台)”以及“At the age of 27, she was named an inheritor(传承者)of hua’er, becoming the youngest inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage at the time.( 27岁时，她被命名为花儿传承人，成为当时最年轻的非物质文化遗产传承人。)”可推理出，本段主要讲的是撒丽娜对“花儿”的贡献，故选C项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Art should not only be inherited(传承), but also improved. I don’t only want to be a hua’er singer, but also a promoter of this folk music(艺术不仅要传承，还要提升。我不仅想成为一名花儿歌手，还要成为这一民间音乐的推动者)”可知，撒丽娜成立艺术学校的目的是为了继承并推广这门民间艺术，故选C项。 6.(22-23高一下·云南曲靖兴教学校·期中) New Year is a time to celebrate for almost everyone around the world. In Britain, people go to pubs to dance the old year away and to welcome the new one at midnight. In recent years, street parties have become more popular. Hundreds or even thousands of people gather in squares, main streets or on the riverbanks to listen to bands playing and to see fireworks display. For people who stay at home, most of them watch special and live New Year shows on TV with the hosts. As the last seconds of the old year are ticked away from 10 to 1, the bells of the New Year are rung. In Scotland, on New Year’s Eve, people visit their neighbors, drink, dance and generally have a good time. If you’re invited to a Scottish home, you should bring some important things with you: some coal, shortbread and whisky. The coal shows warmth, so you’re wishing that the people you visit will have enough heat in the coming year. The shortbread represents food, so you’re hoping that the people will have enough to eat in the new year. Some Scots call whisky “the water of life”, so when you hand over your bottle to your hosts, it means you want them to have enough to drink over the next 12 months. There’s one more key task you still need to perform if you can. The first person to knock on a neighbor’s door is supposed to be a tall and handsome man. If you are, you’ll bring good luck to the household. What if that’s not you? Well, don’t ring the bell. Wait a while and the right person will turn up soon! 1．Which does not belong to gathering places when people throw street parties? A．Parks. B．Squares. C．Main streets. D．Riverbanks. 2．What can we infer about the New Year in Britain according to the first three paragraphs? A．British people hate the old year, so they dance it away quickly. B．Street concerts have become less popular on New Year’s Eve. C．British people often set of fireworks to celebrate the New Year. D．People do nothing at home but wait for the bell of the New Year. 3．Why do visitors take some things to a Scottish home on New Year’s Eve? A．To offer some food and water. B．To send their lovey wishes. C．To show respect and richness. D．To help those poor families. 4．Who is the right person to knock at the door? A．A man who listens to bands playing. B．A man who is tall and handsome. C．A man who performs at street parties. D．A man who carries bread and whisky. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 【难度】0.65 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国和苏格兰庆祝新年的一些方式和习俗。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“In recent years, street parties have become more popular. Hundreds or even thousands of people gather in squares, main streets or on the riverbanks to listen to bands playing and to see fireworks display. (近年来，街头派对变得越来越流行。数百甚至数千人聚集在广场、主要街道或河岸上，听乐队演奏，看烟花表演。)”可知，人们会在广场、主要街道或河岸聚集举行派对，不包括公园。故选A项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hundreds or even thousands of people gather in squares, main streets or on the riverbanks to listen to bands playing and to see fireworks display. (数百甚至数千人聚集在广场、主要街道或河岸上，听乐队演奏，看烟花表演。)”可知，英国人会在新年到来之际欣赏烟花表演。由此推知，英国人经常放烟花来庆祝新年。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The coal shows warmth, so you’re wishing that the people you visit will have enough heat in the coming year. The shortbread represents food, so you’re hoping that the people will have enough to eat in the new year. Some Scots call whisky “the water of life”, so when you hand over your bottle to your hosts, it means you want them to have enough to drink over the next 12 months. (煤炭表示温暖，所以你希望你拜访的人来年有足够的热量。黄油饼干代表食物，所以你希望人们在新的一年里有足够的食物。一些苏格兰人称威士忌为“生命之水”，所以当你把一瓶威士忌递给主人时，这意味着你希望他们在接下来的12个月里有足够的酒喝。)”可知，新年前夜拜访者去苏格兰家庭时带的东西都有美好的寓意。由此可知，带这些东西是为了送上美好的祝福。故选B项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The first person to knock on a neighbor’s door is supposed to be a tall and handsome man. (第一个去敲邻居门的人应该是一个又高又帅的男人。)”可知，一个又高又帅的男人是敲门的合适人选。故选B项。 7.(23-24高二上·云南下关第一中学·期中) A fourth color might be added to traffic lights to better realize the potential of self-driving vehicles, as stated in a recent paper by researchers at North Carolina State University in the US. Autonomous vehicles can do more than just drive-they are able to sense their surroundings and upload information. A shared network gives orders to stop at a crossing based on traffic conditions. The added white lights would be used to signal to human drivers that autonomous vehicles are managing the upcoming traffic flow intelligently. Drivers don’t have to check the traditional lights if the white one is on. “The white lights will tell human drivers to simply follow the car in front of them,” one of the study authors Ali Hajbabaie told the university’s website. Simulated (模拟的) models showed that autonomous vehicles were able to improve traffic flow on their own. Introducing the white light also has a positive effect on reducing fuel consumption. The higher the percentage of autonomous vehicles at a crossing, the faster the traffic moves, reducing about 40 to 99 percent of the total delay time. What kind of infrastructure (基础设施) is needed as self-driving technology thrives? In an interview with China Surveying and Mapping magazine, Liu Jingnan at the Chinese Academy of Engineering shared his answers. To begin with, the vehicle’s network that collects data about the environment and shares the data with other vehicles needs to be intelligent. High-precision maps are needed for autonomous vehicles to plan routes in detail. They can provide both updated information on traditional maps and real-time changes, such as accidents. For example, when driving around a curve, the navigation (导航) system in the vehicle needs to calculate the safe speed based on the map’s information. And if the area is foggy, the network has to alarm the other cars to slow down. Other elements on the road need to be upgraded too. For example, road markings should be precise and readable for machines. Sensors should be built on sidewalks and roads to allow vehicles to predict potentially dangerous situations. 1．What is the purpose of adding a white light to traffic lights? A．To signal to self-driving cars when to stop. B．To help driverless cars assess traffic conditions. C．To tell human drivers to go after the cars in front. D．To signal to human drivers to pass the cars ahead. 2．According to the article, what effect would the introduction of self-driving cars bring about? A．Increased road safety. B．Reduced fuel efficiency. C．Less time stuck in traffic. D．Unpredictable traffic patterns. 3．What is a function of high-precision maps in self-driving technology? A．To calculate a safe speed for vehicles. B．To provide real-time weather updates. C．To plan routes for autonomous vehicles. D．To offer real-time data on road conditions. 4．What does the author intend to prove in the second-to-last paragraph? A．The advantages of autonomous vehicles. B．The role of the navigation system in self-driving cars. C．The application of the infrastructure in self-driving cars. D．The efficiency of self-driving cars handling emergencies. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．C 【难度】0.65 【导语】这是一篇说明文。美国北卡罗莱纳州立大学的研究人员在最近的一篇论文中指出，交通信号灯可能会增加第四种颜色，以更好地发挥自动驾驶汽车的潜力。文章介绍了第四种颜色的作用以及自动驾驶汽车对交通的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段““The white lights will tell human drivers to simply follow the car in front of them,” one of the study authors Ali Hajbabaie told the university’s website.(该研究的作者之一Ali Hajbabaie在接受该大学网站采访时表示：“白灯会告诉司机，只要跟着前面的车走就行了。”)”可知，交通灯加白灯的目的是告诉人类司机跟上前面的车。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“The higher the percentage of autonomous vehicles at a crossing, the faster the traffic moves, reducing about 40 to 99 percent of the total delay time.(自动驾驶车辆在十字路口的比例越高，交通移动速度越快，可以减少大约40%到99%的总延误时间)”可知，自动驾驶汽车的引入会减少堵在路上得时间。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“To begin with, the vehicle’s network that collects data about the environment and shares the data with other vehicles needs to be intelligent. High-precision maps are needed for autonomous vehicles to plan routes in detail. They can provide both updated information on traditional maps and real-time changes, such as accidents.(首先，收集环境数据并与其他车辆共享数据的车辆网络需要是智能的。自动驾驶汽车需要高精度地图来详细规划路线。它们既可以提供传统地图上的最新信息，也可以提供事故等实时变化)”可知，高精度地图在自动驾驶技术中的作用是提供道路状况的实时数据。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“For example, when driving around a curve, the navigation (导航) system in the vehicle needs to calculate the safe speed based on the map’s information. And if the area is foggy, the network has to alarm the other cars to slow down.(例如，当行驶在弯道上时，车内的导航系统需要根据地图上的信息计算出安全速度。如果该地区有雾，网络必须警告其他车辆减速)”可推知，作者想在倒数第二段证明基础设施在自动驾驶汽车中的应用。故选C。 主题02 人与自我——健康、成长、教育、心理与生活方式 1.(24-25高二上·云南昭通一中教研联盟·期中) Michael Follett, the founder of Opal (Outdoor Play and Learning), is passionate about the importance of playing with mud (泥巴). He supports schools to improve play opportunities and stresses the benefits of unorganized outdoor play. Not everyone is so positive about mud, however. A primary school in north Devon with a brand-new mud play area hit the headlines last week after apologizing to parents whose children had gone home muddy after heavy rain. The mud play area at Holsworthy Church, with a digging mud cafe, was part of the school’s outdoor play area. “We felt that our children needed something better at playtime,” said the headteacher, Amy Frost. “As schools we have become quite fearful of allowing our children to take risks…children don’t learn what risk is and how to manage risk.” There’s also research about the benefits of being in contact with mud, just in terms of the biology of what’s in the mud, and how it affects our immune system. Also in terms of sensory things, lots of children now have sensory difficulties. They don’t like the feel of different things. And parents have contributed a lot. Some children are not allowed to touch the mud and are required to wash their hands frequently by their parents, as mud may contain unknown bacteria or other substances which may get their children fall ill. Children had never before seen so much and experienced so little, said Follett. “All of their experiences are secondary, through screens shut in bedrooms. What they’re lacking is real primary experience, touching, feeling. You know that feeling of having a handful of mud and it all coming through your fingers? You’re not going to get that in front of the screen.” 1．What does Amy Frost think about the current attitude of schools towards children’s play? A．It focuses too much on academics. B．It pays more attention to fitness. C．It lacks creativity and practice. D．It is too protective. 2．According to the research, what is the advantage for children to have more access to mud? A．It can relieve stress and have fun. B．It can strengthen their confidence. C．It is beneficial to their physical senses and health. D．It has a profound effect on their mental health. 3．Which of the following is a possible reason for children having sensory difficulties? A．Being afraid to touch the mud. B．Being exposed to enough natural environments. C．Being kept overly clean. D．Spending too much time on electronic devices. 4．What does Follett mean by saying “All of their experiences are secondary, through screens shut in bedrooms”? A．Children are only experiencing things indirectly through screens. B．Children are learning more from screens than from real life. C．Children are not getting enough physical activity. D．Children are not having real primary school experiences. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．A 【难度】0.65 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲的是玩泥巴的重要性和围绕它产生的争议，包括对其益处的支持和担忧。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“As schools we have become quite fearful of allowing our children to take risks…children don’t learn what risk is and how to manage risk.(作为学校，我们非常害怕让孩子冒险……孩子们不知道什么是风险，也不知道如何管理风险。)”可知，学校现在对待孩子玩耍的态度过于保护，不允许孩子冒险。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“There’s also research about the benefits of being in contact with mud, just in terms of the biology of what’s in the mud, and how it affects our immune system. Also in terms of sensory things, lots of children now have sensory difficulties.(还有一项研究是关于接触泥浆的好处的，就泥浆中的生物成分而言，以及它如何影响我们的免疫系统。在感官方面，现在很多孩子都有感官障碍。)”可知，根据这项研究，孩子们有更多的机会接触泥巴有利于他们的身体感官和健康。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Some children are not allowed to touch the mud and are required to wash their hands frequently by their parents, as mud may contain unknown bacteria or other substances which may get their children fall ill.(有些孩子不被允许接触泥土，并且被父母要求经常洗手，因为泥可能含有未知的细菌或其他物质，可能会使他们的孩子生病。)”可知，儿童感觉障碍的可能原因可能是被保持得过于干净。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“What they’re lacking is real primary experience, touching, feeling. You know that feeling of having a handful of mud and it all coming through your fingers? You’re not going to get that in front of the screen.(他们缺少的是真正的原始体验、触摸和感觉。你知道那种握着一把泥，从指缝里流出来的感觉吗？你不会在屏幕前看到这些。)”可知，Follett说“他们所有的经历都是次要的，通过卧室里的屏幕”的意思是孩子们只是通过屏幕间接地体验事物。故选A。 2.(23-24高二上·云南云南师范大学附属中学等校·期中) “Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince and dinner like a poor man.” As the old saying tells us, breakfast is the most important meal of the day. It provides us with energy after a long night without food. If people don’t have breakfast in the morning, they will feel tired and get angry easily. Breakfast helps children stay more focused at school. A study showed that children who eat breakfast regularly score higher in most subjects. Breakfast is also important for losing weight. If you have a balanced breakfast, you will eat less throughout the day. Healthy and balanced breakfast should include some protein like eggs, milk or a little meat which makes you energetic all day. Carbohydrates(碳水化合物) like rice or bread can keep you active. Vegetables and fruit have the vitamins that humans need. In China, breakfast is different from region to region. However, porridge with pickles(腌菜), baozi, noodles, soybean milk and youtiao are common throughout the whole country. Although Western culture influenced China a lot, most people still prefer traditional Chinese breakfast. They think that porridge and noodles are not only easily digested, but also can provide enough energy in the morning. Some Western countries, they have some other kinds of food. For example, in the USA, they enjoy sausages, soft pancakes. In Canada, local people like eating pancakes! 1．The old saying in the first paragraph means that ________. A．breakfast must be delicious B．breakfast is eaten by the king C．breakfast is the most important among the three meals D．breakfast can make people feel like a nice man 2．Why do we need to have breakfast in the morning? A．Because breakfast is helpful to our studies. B．Because breakfast is the most delicious meal of the day. C．Because breakfast offers energy to us after the whole night without food. D．Because breakfast makes us feel excited. 3．Which of the following doesn’t belong to healthy breakfast? A．Cola and butter. B．A little meat. C．Rice and bread. D．Eggs and milk. 4．What is the best title of the passage? A．Chinese Traditional Breakfast B．Breakfast and Health C．Breakfast and Weight Loss D．Western Breakfast 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 【难度】0.65 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了吃早餐的重要性和中西方的早餐特点。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince and dinner like a poor man.’ As the old saying tells us, breakfast is the most important meal of the day.(‘早餐像国王一样吃，午餐像王子一样吃，晚餐像穷人一样吃。’就像这句古语告诉我们的那样，早餐是一天中最重要的一顿饭。)”可知，这句古话想表达的是早餐是三餐中最重要的一顿。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It provides us with energy after a long night without food.(长夜无粮后它为我们提供能量。)”可知，我们需要在早上吃早餐的原因是它可以在我们一整晚没吃饭后为我们提供能量。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Healthy and balanced breakfast should include some protein like eggs, milk or a little meat which makes you energetic all day. Carbohydrates(碳水化合物) like rice or bread can keep you active. Vegetables and fruit have the vitamins that humans need.(健康均衡的早餐应该包括蛋、奶等一些蛋白质或一些肉，让你一整天都充满活力。大米或面包等碳水化合物可以让你保持活跃状态。蔬菜和水果具有人类所需的维生素。)”可知，健康均衡的早餐应有富含蛋白质的蛋和奶等、一些肉、大米或面包等碳水化合物、水果蔬菜，结合四个选项可知，A项“可乐和黄油”不包括在内。故选A。 4．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，第一、二段讲述了早餐的重要性以及原因；第三段讲述了健康均衡的早餐应包括的食物；第四、五段讲述了中西方的早餐文化。由此可知，本文围绕“早餐和健康”展开，所以B项“早餐和健康”最适合作本文标题。故选B。 3.(23-24高二上·云南昆明五华区昆明第一中学·期中) According to a survey performed by the European Agency for Health and Safety at Work (EAH-SW),45% of the workers surveyed suffer from painful or tiring positions at work, 25% from back pain, and 20% from muscle pain. Studies show that half of all European workers could be affected by work-related diseases by 2030. Wearable technologies can reduce such injuries and loss of productivity. One example is the Iron hand soft robotic glove from Bioservo Technologies, providing five times the strength of a 30-year-old man. The system consists of a glove fitted with sensors and artificial tendons that increase grasping forces. There is also a power pack that can be worn as a backpack. The glove is programmed through an android app, where the user can choose individual preferences for forces needed depending on the task. When you grasp or pick up an object like a container, fingertip sensors de tact the action and activate motors that immediately respond and operate the tendons in the glove’s fingers. The higher the pressure on the sensors, the more power delivered by Iron hand. A remote control or app can be used to adjust the strength and sensitivity of the grip(抓力). “Programming is quite easy,” said Mikael, Bioservo’s marketing director. “It takes about an hour for an operator to set the system and understand how the glove can help in different situation. The hard part is getting the user to accept that he is getting help. It can be a tough task to make them understand they don’t need to apply as much power and can relax.” Bioservo’s earlier device, now called Carbon glove, was designed for healthcare, helping people with limited grasping ability to recover or perform daily tasks. The firm was asked to work with auto producer General Motors (GM) to develop Iron hand for its workers. Through a licensing agreement between them, Bioservo combined technology and developed Iron hand. At present, Bioservo sells Iron hand for $6.500 per unit. 1．Why does the author mention EAHSW’s survey in the first paragraph? A．To make a comparison. B．To introduce the topic. C．To provide an example. D．To make the text persuasive. 2．What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us about the Ironhand? A．How it functions. B．How it is designed. C．What it consists of. D．Why it is developed. 3．What does Mikael say about the Ironhand system? A．Users are slow to adapt to it. B．It’s popular with young users. C．Operators need patience to set it. D．It’s not suitable for all situations. 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．Prevention of  Occupational Diseases B．Necessity of Using Robots in Factories C．Soft Robotic Glove Boosts Workers’ Grip D．Carbon glove Can Offer Healthcare Services 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 【难度】0.65 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为“铁手”的软机器人手套，可以根据任务选择个人偏好所需的力量。还介绍了其运作方式以及存在的问题。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“According to a survey performed by the European Agency for Health and Safety at Work (EAH-SW),45% of the workers surveyed suffer from painful or tiring positions at work, 25% from back pain, and 20% from muscle pain. Studies show that half of all European workers could be affected by work-related diseases by 2030.(根据欧洲工作健康与安全机构（EAH-SW）进行的一项调查，45%的受访工人在工作中感到疼痛或劳累，25%的人背痛，20%的人肌肉痛。研究表明，到2030年，一半的欧洲工人可能会受到与工作有关的疾病的影响)”以及第二段“Wearable technologies can reduce such injuries and loss of productivity. One example is the Iron hand soft robotic glove from Bioservo Technologies, providing five times the strength of a 30-year-old man.(可穿戴技术可以减少这种伤害和生产力损失。其中一个例子是Bioservo Technologies公司的“铁手”软机器人手套，它的力量是30岁男性的5倍)”可推知，作者在第一段提到EAHSW的调查是为了引入文章话题。故选B。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段“When you grasp or pick up an object like a container, fingertip sensors de tact the action and activate motors that immediately respond and operate the tendons in the glove’s fingers. The higher the pressure on the sensors, the more power delivered by Iron hand. A remote control or app can be used to adjust the strength and sensitivity of the grip(抓力).(当你抓住或拿起一个物体（比如一个容器）时，指尖的传感器会捕捉到这个动作，并激活马达，这些马达会立即做出反应，并操纵手套手指上的肌腱。传感器上的压力越高，“铁手”传递的能量就越大。可以使用遥控器或应用程序来调整握把的力度和灵敏度)”可知，第三段主要告诉铁手是如何运作的。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The hard part is getting the user to accept that he is getting help. It can be a tough task to make them understand they don’t need to apply as much power and can relax.(困难的部分是让用户接受他正在获得帮助。让他们明白他们不需要使用太多的力量，可以放松下来，这可能是一项艰巨的任务)”可知，Mikael认为铁手系统的用户适应它的速度很慢。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Wearable technologies can reduce such injuries and loss of productivity. One example is the Iron hand soft robotic glove from Bioservo Technologies, providing five times the strength of a 30-year-old man.(可穿戴技术可以减少这种伤害和生产力损失。其中一个例子是Bioservo Technologies公司的“铁手”软机器人手套，它的力量是30岁男性的5倍)”结合文章主要介绍了一种名为“铁手”的软机器人手套，可以根据任务选择个人偏好所需的力量。还介绍了其运作方式以及存在的问题。故C选项“柔软的机器人手套增强工人的抓力”最符合文章标题。故选C。 4.(22-23高一下·云南楚雄州·期末) Staying in hospital can be difficult for patients, often causing fear and anxiety, especially in younger individuals. These emotions can easily take over, but hospitals in Richmond, Virginia, have programs to relieve some of the stress and create moments of joy. Due to a program called Dogs On Call provided by the non-profit organization Center for Human-Animal Interaction, at the Children’s Hospital of Richmond, the sound of dogs coming down the hallway creates an atmosphere of excitement among child patients. For 21 years, the volunteer-run program has been connecting dogs with those in need of an inspiring moment. With the necessary registration steps, dogs and handlers can participate in weekly visits to the hospital. Besides the scheduled visits, parents or children can request a specific team to visit their rooms. “When a patient interacts with a dog, it can decrease blood pressure and reduce pain,” says Nancy R. Gee, executive director of the center. Their faces change just for a moment. They’re not thinking about their health situation or their pain. Just for that moment, they’re just kids with a dog. Instead of Dogs On Call, Bon Secours St. Mary’s Hospital of Richmond provides Happy Wheels, a program in which a cart full of treats and other items rolling through the halls of the hospital. The volunteer-run program visits four times a week. They go from room to room to hand out toys, coffee, snacks, and other comfort items. All of the items found in the cart are donated to the program and handed out to families in all children’s care units. “It’s an opportunity for the children to be children and to get excited about a new toy coming in their rooms, ”says Laura Gepford, child life specialist at St. Mary’s Hospital. “Besides the fevers, the medicine and all the difficult things that occur in the hospital, they have the shining of happy moments. That’s what people hold onto. ” 1．What do we know about the program Dogs On Call? A．Dogs might frighten the child patients. B．Dog visits must follow a fixed schedule. C．It gives mental treatment to the child patients. D．It is financially supported by the government. 2．What does Nancy R Gee mean in paragraph 4? A．Children care for dogs by nature. B．Children’s moods are changeable. C．Children are too young to take their illness seriously. D．Children’s spirits are lifted by the dogs’ companion. 3．What is Laura Gepford’s attitude to the Happy Wheels program? A．Concerned. B．Appreciative. C．Dissatisfied. D．Doubtful. 4．How do the two programs in the text help? A．By bringing patients comfort and cheer. B．By changing people’s attitude to illness. C．By telling people the importance of play. D．By guiding parents to better comfort kids. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【难度】0.65 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了住院对病人来说可能很困难，通常会引起恐惧和焦虑，尤其是年轻人。这些情绪很容易占据上风，但弗吉尼亚州里士满的医院有一些项目可以缓解一些压力，创造欢乐的时刻。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Due to a program called Dogs On Call provided by the non-profit organization Center for Human-Animal Interaction, at the Children’s Hospital of Richmond, the sound of dogs coming down the hallway creates an atmosphere of excitement among child patients.”（由于里士满儿童医院的非营利组织“人与动物互动中心”提供了一个名为“狗随叫随到”的项目，狗从走廊上走下来的声音在儿童病人中营造了一种兴奋的气氛。）以及第四段中““When a patient interacts with a dog, it can decrease blood pressure and reduce pain,” says Nancy R. Gee, executive director of the center.”（“当病人与狗互动时，它可以降低血压，减轻疼痛，”该中心的执行主任南希·R·吉说。）可知，Dogs On Call这个项目它可以对儿童病人进行精神治疗。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段““When a patient interacts with a dog, it can decrease blood pressure and reduce pain,” says Nancy R. Gee, executive director of the center. Their faces change just for a moment. They’re not thinking about their health situation or their pain. Just for that moment, they’re just kids with a dog.”（“当病人与狗互动时，它可以降低血压，减轻疼痛，”该中心的执行主任南希·R·吉说。他们的脸只变了一会儿。他们没有考虑自己的健康状况或痛苦。在那一刻，他们只是带着狗的孩子。）可推知，南希·R·吉在第四段的意思是表明有狗作伴，孩子们的精神就振奋起来了。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““It’s an opportunity for the children to be children and to get excited about a new toy coming in their rooms, ”says Laura Gepford, child life specialist at St. Mary’s Hospital.”（圣玛丽医院(St. Mary 's Hospital)的儿童生活专家劳拉·格普福德(Laura Gepford)说：“这是一个让孩子们做回孩子的机会，让他们对房间里的新玩具感到兴奋。”）可推知，劳拉·格普福德对Happy Wheels项目的态度是欣赏的，赞赏的。故选B项。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“These emotions can easily take over, but hospitals in Richmond, Virginia, have programs to relieve some of the stress and create moments of joy.”（这些情绪很容易占据上风，但弗吉尼亚州里士满的医院有一些项目可以缓解一些压力，创造欢乐的时刻。）以及下文对这两个项目的具体介绍可知，它们都可以给病人带来安慰和欢乐。故选A项。 主题03 人与自然——环境、生态、可持续性与人与自然的关系 1.(23-24高二上·.云南省云南师范大学附属中学等校·期中) Taking an “eco-break” was once almost the same as a weekend’s hedge-laying or a summer spent conserving wildlife. Here is how things have changed: being a green traveler today is no longer restricted to one-off gestures but, rather, it’s a state of mind. Influences include, but are not limited to what we pack, how we reach our destination, where we stay and what activities we take part in. Such change has come about thanks to both a growing understanding of climate change and the pioneering efforts of some travel operators to show the joy of going green. Luxury camping specialists Feather Down Farms and Forest, for example, led the glamping (豪华野营) revolution. Digital platforms such as Under the Thatch and Canopy & Stars have made booking low-impact rural accommodations easier. Adventure operators such as TYF, Intrepid and Much Better Adventures set the agenda for sustainable outdoor relaxation. But the increased appetite for travel and the trend for replacing annual trips with multiple shorter breaks has seen a rise in carbon-intensive air travel. Meanwhile, key overland routes have been discontinued (such as ferry services to Scandinavia and overnight “train hotels” through France and Spain), and cuts in local transport services have severely impacted car-free access to rural areas. Dishonest and immoral businesses have also jumped on the “eco” travel wave, muddying the waters. There are, however, signs we’re entering a golden age of green travel. Richard Hammond, founder of the Green Traveler website, shares over 20 years’ worth of expertise in his new guidebook outlying methods to explore the world sustainably. Many travel companies are also starting to provide tools to help travelers tell the genuinely green from greenwashing operations (Booking. com and Google, for instance, are working with not-for-profit Travalyst to flag up officially-approved and eco-certified hotels in their search results) while the upcoming national rollout (推广) of electric car charging, the modernization of cross-channel ferry services and the return of rail means choosing lower-carbon overland travel is becoming practical and more appealing. 1．How have things changed for being green now? A．Each stop on a route is planned with care. B．Many aspects of our travels are influenced. C．Wildlife preservation is not as essential as before. D．The health conditions of tourists are considered. 2．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning some travel operators? A．To compare their jobs in different fields. B．To offer the readers select recommendations. C．To impress the readers with outdoor activities. D．To show their joint contributions to green travel. 3．What does the underlined word “greenwashing” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Eco-unfriendly. B．Illegal. C．Disorderly. D．Evergreen. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Going Green B．Costing the Earth Less C．Experiencing Rural Lifestyles D．Adventuring Into the Golden Age 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．A 【难度】0.65 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是绿色旅行兴起的原因和遇到的问题。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Here is how things have changed: being a green traveler today is no longer restricted to one-off gestures but, rather, it’s a state of mind. Influences include, but are not limited to what we pack, how we reach our destination, where we stay and what activities we take part in. (如今的情况已经发生了变化：现在环保成为一名绿色旅行者不再局限于一次性的姿态，而是一种心态。影响包括但不限于我们的行李，我们如何到达目的地，我们住在哪里以及我们参加什么活动。)”可知，现在环保的变化在于我们旅行的许多方面都受到了影响。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段的“the pioneering efforts of some travel operators to show the joy of going green (一些旅游经营者为展示绿色出行的乐趣所做的开创性努力)”和“Luxury camping specialists Feather Down Farms and Forest, for example, led the glamping (豪华野营) revolution. Digital platforms such as Under the Thatch and Canopy & Stars have made booking low-impact rural accommodations easier. Adventure operators such as TYF, Intrepid and Much Better Adventures set the agenda for sustainable outdoor relaxation. (豪华露营专家Feather Down Farms and Forest引领了豪华露营革命。像Under the Thatch和Canopy & Stars这样的数字平台使得预订低影响的乡村住宿变得更加容易。TYF、Intrepid和Better Adventures等探险运营商为可持续的户外休闲活动制定了议程。)”可知，作者提到一些旅游经营者的目的是展示他们对绿色出行的共同贡献。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据最后一段的“help travelers tell the genuinely green from (帮助旅行者区分真正的环保和)”和“Booking. com and Google, for instance, are working with not-for-profit Travalyst to flag up officially-approved and eco-certified hotels in their search results (例如，Booking.com和谷歌正与非营利组织Travalyst合作，在搜索结果中标注官方认可和生态认证的酒店)”可知，许多旅游公司也开始提供工具，帮助旅行者区分真正的绿色和漂绿操作，也就是区分真正的环保和不环保，因此划线词greenwashing的意思是“对生态不友好”，和eco-unfriendly意思相近，故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Taking an “eco-break” was once almost the same as a weekend’s hedge-laying or a summer spent conserving wildlife. Here is how things have changed: being a green traveler today is no longer restricted to one-off gestures but, rather, it’s a state of mind. (一度，“生态休息”几乎等同于周末铺树篱或夏天保护野生动物。如今的情况已经发生了变化：成为一名绿色旅行者不再局限于一次性的姿态，而是一种心态。)”，第二段“Such change has come about thanks to both a growing understanding of climate change and the pioneering efforts of some travel operators to show the joy of going green. (这种变化的出现，一方面得益于人们对气候变化的认识日益加深，另一方面得益于一些旅游经营者为展示绿色出行的乐趣所做的开创性努力。)”和第三段的“Dishonest and immoral businesses have also jumped on the “eco” travel wave, muddying the waters. (不诚实和不道德的企业也跳上了“生态”旅游的浪潮，把水搅浑了。)”可知，本文主要讲的是绿色旅行兴起的原因和遇到的问题，因此最好的标题是A选项“Going Green (走向绿色)”。故选A。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $